Lista de Aves de Costa Rica: Vigésima novena Actualización

Luis Sandoval y César Sánchez Autores

2020. Unión de Ornitólogos de Costa Rica San José, Costa Rica [email protected] www.uniondeornitologos.com Autores: Luis Sandoval y César Sánchez Citación recomendada Sandoval, L. y C. Sánchez. 2020. Lista de aves de Costa Rica: vigésima novena actualización. Unión de Ornitólogos de Costa Rica. San José, Costa Rica.

Presentación

Presentamos la vigésima octava actualización de la Lista de Aves de Costa Rica, la cual hemos publicada desde octubre de 2010. Esta es la lista oficial de la Unión de Ornitólogos de Costa Rica la cual incluye un total de 925 especies de aves para el país. Esta lista incluye todos los registros históricos y actuales, convirtiéndose en la lista más completa y actualizada de Costa Rica. La taxonomía utilizada en esta lista sigue la clasificación publicada por el Comité de Clasificación y Nomenclatura

(Norte y Centro América) de la American Ornitologists’ Union (http://www.aou.org/committees/nacc/). En casos donde una especie no ha sido observada en Norte y Centro América, seguímos la clasificación del Comité Suramericano de Clasificación (SACC; http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html). Además, en el caso específico de una única especie, reconocemos a Colinus leucopogon como una especie diferente de C. cristatus, basados en diferencias morfológicas y de canto.

Elaboramos la lista en un formato de Lista de Registro o Check-list, para facilitar su uso como una herramienta de registro de sus observaciones. Debido a los recientes cambios taxonómicos en Órdenes y Familias, incluímos todos los órdenes actuales para las aves de Costa Rica. El número en paréntesis al lado del nombre de la familia representa el total de especies de esa familia en Costa Rica. Además incluimos los estados de cada especie y su distribución en el país.

Esta lista es el resultado de las observaciones de muchas personas en el país, gracias a ellos es que esta lista crece. Por lo tanto si usted observa una especie de ave que no esté incluida en esta lista le agradecemos que nos haga llegar la información así como la evidencia de su registro (foto o grabación) para incluirla en la lista, a nuestro correo: [email protected].

Además es importante hacerles saber y recordarles que todos los avistamientos de especies nuevas para un país y en este caso Costa Rica son publicables en revistas científicas. La publicación de su o sus observaciones es muy recomendada ya que esto hace que estas observaciones lleguen a la mayoría de la comunidad científica nacional e internacional. Por lo tanto si observa una especie de ave nueva y está interesado en publicarlo (pero no sabe cómo hacerlo) no dude en contactarnos y nosotros lo podemos guiar en el proceso.

Esta lista se mantendrá en constante actualización, por lo que sugerimos revisar constantemente nuestra página web (www.uniondeornitologos.org) para enterarse de los cambios y actualizaciones de la avifauna costarricense.

Justificación de la XXIX actualización

Esta actualización corresponde a la publicación del suplemento 61 de la Lista de Aves de Norteamérica por parte del American Ornithologist’s Union (Chesser et al. 2020). El artículo original con las justificaciones de los cambios se puede acceder aquí: https://academic.oup.com/auk/article/137/3/ukaa030/5865308. En dicho suplemento se han revisado decisiones taxonómicas correspondientes al período del 15 de Abril de 2019 al 15 de Abril de 2020, por parte del comité de Clasificación y Nomenclatura de Norte y Centro América. Todos los cambios estan en amarillo dentro de la lista, para que sean más fáciles de detectar.

Se cambió la especie Sarkidiornis melanotos por Sarkidiornis sylvicola.

Dentro de la familia Trochilidae (colibríes) se cambió el género a 12 especies: Chlorostilbon canivetii cambió a Cynanthus canivetii. Las dos especies de colibríes del género Elvira pasan a ser parte del género Microchera, y pasan a llamarse Microchera cupreiceps y Microchera chionura. Cuatro especies del género pasan a ser parte del género Saucerottia, y corresponden a Saucerottia hoffmanni, Saucerottia cyanura, Saucerottia alfaroana y Saucerottia edward. La especie Lepidopyga coeruleogularis cambia de género a Chrysuronia coeruleogularis. Dos especies de Amazilia pasan a ser parte del género , estas son Polyerata amabilis y Polyerata decora. La especie Amazilia candida y eliciae pasan al género Chlorestes y se llaman Chlorestes candida y Chlorestes eliciae respectivamente.

Se cambió el orden dentro de la lista de los géneros de la familia Rallidae.

Se cambió el orden dentro de la lista de Sarcoramphus papa.

Se cambió el orden de las especies de Megascops y se corrigió el error de haber incluido M. centralis en lugar de M. guatemalae en la versión anterior de la lista.

Se cambió el orden dentro de la lista de Chloroceryle aenea.

Se cambió el orden de las especies de Ara dentro de la lista.

Se cambió el nombre en inglés de Epinecrophilla fulviventris de Checker-throated Antwren a Checker-throated Stipplethroat

Se cambió el género de Myrmeciza exsul y Myrmeciza laemosticta a Poliocrania exsul y Sipia laemosticta respectivamente.

Se cambió la especie Philydor rufum a Dendroma rufa.

Se cambió el género de Dixiphia pipra a Pseudopipra pipra.

Se cambió la especie y nombre en inglés de Zimmerius villisimus Paltry Tyrannulet a Zimmerius parvus Mistletoe Tyrannulet.

Se cambió el género de Tachyphonus luctuosus a Loriotus luctuosus.

Explicación de las claves utilizadas en la lista

Estado/Status Es el estado actual de distribución de la especie al interior del país, basado en información publicada, así como las observaciones de muchas personas.

Significado Clave A Accidental (Accidental): especies con menos de 5 registros en el país MN Migratorio de Norteamérica (North American Migrant): especies que se reproducen en el hemisferio norte y pasan el invierno en Costa Rica o Sur América. Pueden ser especies con poblaciones migratorias residentes durante el invierno o de paso únicamente. MS Migratoria Sureña (South American Migrant): especies que se reproducen en el país y migran a Sur América después de reproducirse MAE Migratorio de Europa y Asia (Europe and Asia Migrant): especies migratorias con poblaciones reproductivas en Europa y Asia M Marítimas (Seabirds): especies de aves marinas que pasan por las aguas continentales del país durante sus migraciones o movimientos periódicos R Residente (Resident): especies con poblaciones reproductivas en el país RN Residente NO reproductivo en el país (Non reproductive resident): especies que se pueden observar todo el año en el país pero que no se reproducen. RI Residente de la Isla del Coco (Isla del Coco resident): especies que ocurren como reproductivas o residentes no reproductivos en la Isla del Coco I Isla del Coco: para las especies que ocurren de forma accidental en la Isla del Coco ? Sin información certera del estado de la especie (Without information) EX Extinto (Extinct): especies con poblaciones residentes en el país que no se han vuelto a observar en los últimos 20 años. e Endémico (Endemic): especies con poblaciones restrictas a Costa Rica, la Isla del Coco, tierras medias y altas de Costa Rica-Panamá, o zona fronteriza entre Costa Rica-Nicaragua.

Hábitat/Habitat Las categorías utilizadas se escogieron en base a las regiones biogeogáficas para las aves de Costa Rica, así como su distribución altitudinal.

Clave Significado TA/HL Tierras altas arriba de los 2000 m/Highlands over 2000 m T B- M/ L- Tierras medias y bajas del nivel del mar hasta los 2000 m/ Lower and Middle M E elevation to 2000 m BS/DF Bosque seco/ Dry forest C/C Caribe/ Caribbean slope PS/SP Pácifico sur del Río Grande de Tárcoles hasta la frontera con Panamá/ South Pacific from Rio Tarcoles to Panama A/W Distribuidos ampliamente en el país en diferentes tipos de bosques o en un gradiente altitudinal/ Widespread species Co/Co Especies que ocurren principalmente a lo largo de ambas costas e islotes aledaños/ observed along both coasts or nearby islands O/O Especies observadas principalmente en las aguas continentales de ambos oceanos/ Birds observed along both oceans

Hábitat en Costa Rica Habitat in Costa Rica Estado/ TA T B-M BS C PS A Co O Registro/ English name Status HL L-M E DF C SP W Co O Check TINAMIFORMES Tinamidae (5) Nothocercus bonapartei Highland Tinamou R x Tinamus major Great Tinamou R x Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou R x Crypturellus cinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou R x Crypturellus boucardi Slaty-breasted Tinamou R x ANSERIFORMES Anatidae (21) Dendrocygna viduata White-faced Whistling-Duck EX Dendrocygna autumnalis Black-bellied Whistling-Duck R x Dendrocygna bicolor Fulvous Whistling-Duck R x x x Sarkidiornis sylvicola Comb Duck A Cairina moschata Muscovy Duck R x Spatula discors Blue-winged Teal Spatula cyanoptera Cinnamon Teal Spatula clypeata Northern Shoveler Mareca americana American Wigeon MN x Anas platyrhynchos Mallard MN x Anas bahamensis White-cheeked Pintail Anas acuta Northern Pintail MN x Anas crecca Green-winged Teal MN x Aythya valisineria Canvasback A (MN) Aythya americana Redhead A (MN) Aythya collaris Ring-necked Duck MN x Aythya marila Greater Scaup A (MN) Aythya affinis Lesser Scaup MN x Lophodytes cucullatus Hooded Merganser A (MN) Nomonyx dominicus Masked Duck R x Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Duck MN x GALLIFORMES Cracidae (5) Ortalis vetula Plain Chachalaca R x Ortalis cinereiceps Gray-headed Chachalaca R x Penelope purpurascens Crested Guan R x Chamaepetes unicolor Black Guan R (e) x Crax rubra Great Curassow R x Odontophoridae (8) Rhynchortyx cinctus Tawny-faced Quail R x Dendrortyx leucophrys Buffy-crowned Wood-Partridge R x Colinus leucopogon Spot-bellied Bobwhite R x Colinus cristatus Crested Bobwhite R x Odontophorus gujanensis Marbled Wood-Quail R x Odontophorus melanotis Black-eared Wood-Quail R x Odontophorus leucolaemus Black-breasted Wood-Quail R (e) x Odontophorus guttatus Spotted Wood-Quail R x PODICIPEDIFORMES Podicipedidae (3) Tachybaptus dominicus Least Grebe R x Podilymbus podiceps Pied-billed Grebe RN x Podiceps nigricollis Eared Grebe A x COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae (25) Columba livia Rock Pigeon R x Patagioenas cayennensis Pale-vented Pigeon R x Patagioenas speciosa Scaled Pigeon R x Patagioenas leucocephala White-crowned Pigeon A x x Patagioenas flavirostris Red-billed Pigeon R x Patagioenas fasciata Band-tailed Pigeon R x x Patagioenas subvinacea Ruddy Pigeon R x x Patagioenas nigrirostris Short-billed Pigeon R x Columbina inca Inca Dove R x Columbina passerina Common Ground Dove R x Columbina minuta Plain-breasted Ground Dove R x Columbina talpacoti Ruddy Ground Dove R x Claravis pretiosa Blue Ground Dove R x Paraclaravis mondetoura Maroon-chested Ground Dove R x Geotrygon montana Ruddy Quail-Dove R x Geotrygon violacea Violaceous Quail-Dove R x x Leptotrygon veraguensis Olive-backed Quail-Dove R x Leptotila verreauxi White-tipped Dove R x Leptotila cassinii Gray-chested Dove R x Leptotila plumbeiceps Gray-headed Dove R x Zentrygon costaricensis Buff-fronted Quail-Dove R (e) x Zentrygon lawrencii Purplish-backed Quail-Dove R x Zentrygon chiriquensis Chiriqui Quail-Dove R (e) x Zenaida asiatica White-winged Dove R x Zenaida macroura Mourning Dove R, MN x x CUCULIFORMES Cuculidae (12) Crotophaga ani Smooth-billed Ani R x Crotophaga sulcirostris Groove-billed Ani R x Crotophaga major Greater Ani A Tapera naevia Striped Cuckoo R x Dromococcyx phasianellus Pheasant Cuckoo R x x Morococcyx erythropygius Lesser Ground-Cuckoo R x Neomorphus geoffroyi Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo R x Piaya cayana Squirrel Cuckoo R x Coccyzus americanus Yellow-billed Cuckoo MN x Coccyzus minor Mangrove Cuckoo R, MN x Coccyzus ferrugineus Cocos Cuckoo RI (e) Coccyzus erythropthalmus Black-billed Cuckoo MN x CAPRIMULGIFORMES Caprimulgidae (10) Lurocalis semitorquatus Short-tailed Nighthawk R x Chordeiles acutipennis Lesser Nighthawk R, MN x Chordeiles minor Common Nighthawk MN x Nyctidromus albicollis Common Pauraque R x Nyctiphrynus ocellatus Ocellated Poorwill R? x Antrostomus carolinensis Chuck-will's-widow MN x Antrostomus rufus Rufous Nighjart R x x Antrostomus vociferus Eastern Whip-poor-will MN x x Antrostomus saturatus Dusky Nightjar R (e) x Hydropsalis cayennensis White-tailed Nightjar MN x x x STEATORNITHIFORMES Steatornithidae (1) Steatornis caripensis Oilbird RN? x NYCTIBIIFORMES Nyctibiidae (3) Nyctibius grandis Great Potoo R x x Nyctibius griseus Common Potoo R x x Nyctibius jamaicensis Northern Potoo R x Apodidae (11) Cypseloides niger Black Swift R , MN x Cypseloides cryptus White-chinned Swift R x Cypseloides cherriei Spot-fronted Swift R x Streptoprocne rutila Chestnut-collared Swift R x x Streptoprocne zonaris White-collared Swift R , MN x Chaetura pelagica Chimney Swift MN x Chaetura vauxi Vaux's Swift R x Chaetura fumosa Costa Rican Swift R (e) x Chaetura cinereiventris Gray-rumped Swift R x Panyptila cayennensis Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift R x x Panyptila sanctithieronymi Great Swallow-tailed Swift A Trochilidae (53) Florisuga mellivora White-necked Jacobin R x x Eutoxeres aquila White-tipped Sicklebill R x x Glaucis aeneus Bronzy Hermit R x x Threnetes ruckeri Band-tailed Barbthroat R x x Phaethornis guy Green Hermit R x x Phaethornis longirostris Long-billed Hermit R x x Phaethornis striigularis Stripe-throated Hermit R x Doryfera ludovicae Green-fronted Lancebill R x Colibri delphinae Brown Violetear R x Colibri cyanotus Lesser Violetear R x x Heliothryx barroti Purple-crowned Fairy R x x Anthracothorax prevostii Green-breasted Mango R x Anthracothorax veraguensis Veraguan Mango R x Discosura conversii Green Thorntail R x x Lophornis delattrei Rufous-crested Coquette A x Lophornis helenae Black-crested Coquette R x Lophornis adorabilis White-crested Coquette R (e) x Heliodoxa jacula Green-crowned Brilliant R x Eugenes spectabilis Talamanca R (e) x Panterpe insignis Fiery-throated Hummingbird R (e) x Heliomaster longirostris Long-billed Starthroat R x x Heliomaster constantii Plain-capped Starthroat R x x Lampornis hemileucus White-bellied Mountain-gem R (e) x x Lampornis calolaemus Purple-throated Mountain-gem R (e) x x Lampornis castaneoventris White-throated Mountain-gem R x x Calliphlox bryantae Magenta-throated Woodstar R (e) x Archilochus colubris Ruby-throated Hummingbird MN x Selasphorus flammula Volcano Hummingbird R (e) x Selasphorus scintilla Scintillant Hummingbird R (e) x x Cynanthus canivetii Canivet's Emerald R x Chlorostilbon assimilis Garden Emerald R x x Klais guimeti Violet-headed Hummingbird R x Campylopterus hemileucurus Violet Sabrewing R x x Chalybura urochrysia Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer R x Thalurania colombica Crowned Woodnymph R x Microchera albocoronata Snowcap R x x Microchera cupreiceps Coppery-headed Emerald R (e) x x Microchera chionura White-tailed Emerald R (e) x x Eupherusa eximia Stripe-tailed Hummingbird R x Eupherusa nigriventris Black-bellied Hummingbird R (e) x x Phaeochroa cuvierii Scaly-breasted Hummingbird R x Saucerottia hoffmanni Blue-vented Hummingbird R (e) x Saucerottia cyanura Blue-tailed Hummingbird A x Saucerottia alfaroana Alfaro's Hummingbird EX? (e) x Saucerottia edward Snowy-bellied Hummingbird R x x Amazilia rutila Cinnamon Hummingbird R x Amazilia tzacatl Rufous-tailed Hummingbird R x Amazilia boucardi Mangrove Hummingbird R (e) x x Chrysuronia coeruleogularis Sapphire-throated Hummingbird R x Polyerata amabilis Blue-chested Hummingbird R x Polyerata decora R (e) x Chlorestes candida White-bellied Emerald A x Chlorestes eliciae Blue-throated Goldentail R x GRUIFORMES Rallidae (17) Neocrex erythrops Paint-billed Crake R x Pardirallus maculatus Spotted Rail R x Amaurolimnas concolor Uniform Crake R x x Aramides axillaris Rufous-necked Wood-Rail R x Aramides cajaneus Gray-cowled Wood-Rail R x Aramides albiventris Russet-naped Wood-Rail R x Rallus longirostris Mangrove Rail R x Porzana carolina Sora MN x Gallinula galeata Common Gallinule R x Fulica americana American Coot R, MN x Porphyrio martinicus Purple Gallinule R x Micropygia schomburgkii Ocellated Crake R x Hapalocrex flaviventer Yellow-breasted Crake R x x Laterallus ruber Ruddy Crake A x Laterallus albigularis White-throated Crake R x Laterallus exilis Gray-breasted Crake R x x Laterallus jamaicensis Black Rail R? x Heliornithidae (1) Heliornis fulica Sungrebe R x x Aramidae (1) Aramus guarauna Limpkin R x CHARADRIIFORMES Burhinidae (1) Burhinus bistriatus Double-striped Thick-Knee R x x Recurvirostridae (2) Himantopus mexicanus Black-necked Stilt R, MN x Recurvirostra americana American Avocet MN x Haematopodidae (1) Haematopus palliatus American Oystercatcher R, MN x Charadriidae (10) Vanellus chilensis Southern Lapwing R x Pluvialis squatarola Black-bellied Plover MN (RN) x x Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden-Plover A x Pluvialis dominica American Golden-Plover MN x Charadrius vociferus Killdeer R, MN x Charadrius semipalmatus Semipalmated Plover MN (RN) x Charadrius melodus Piping Plover A x Charadrius wilsonia Wilson's Plover R, MN x Charadrius collaris Collared Plover R x x Charadrius nivosus Snowy Plover MN x Jacanidae (2) Jacana spinosa Northern Jacana R x Jacana jacana Wattled Jacana R? x Scolopacidae (32) Bartramia longicauda Upland Sandpiper MN x Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel MN (RN) x Numenius americanus Long-billed Curlew MN x Limosa haemastica Hudsonian Godwit A (MN) Limosa fedoa Marbled Godwit A(MEA) x Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone MN (RN) x Calidris canutus Red Knot MN x Calidris virgata Surfbird MN x Calidris pugnax Ruff A (MN) Calidris himantopus Stilt Sandpiper MN x Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper A(MEA) Calidris alba Sanderling MN x Calidris alpina Dunlin MN Calidris bairdii Baird's Sandpiper MN x Calidris minutilla Least Sandpiper MN (RN) x x Calidris fuscicollis White-rumped Sandpiper MN x Calidris subruficollis Buff-breasted Sandpiper MN x Calidris melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper MN x Calidris pusilla Semipalmated Sandpiper MN (RN) x Calidris mauri Western Sandpiper MN (RN) x x Limnodromus griseus Short-billed Dowitcher MN (RN) x Limnodromus scolopaceus Long-billed Dowitcher MN x Gallinago delicata Wilson's Snipe MN x Actitis macularius Spotted Sandpiper MN (RN) x Tringa solitaria Solitary Sandpiper MN x Tringa incana Wandering Tattler MN x Tringa flavipes Lesser Yellowlegs MN (RN) x Tringa semipalmata Willet MN (RN) x Tringa melanoleuca Greater Yellowlegs MN (RN) x Phalaropus tricolor Wilson's Phalarope MN x x Phalaropus lobatus Red-necked Phalarope MN x x Phalaropus fulicarius Red Phalarope MN x x Stercorariidae (4) Stercorarius maccormicki South Polar Skua A x Stercorarius pomarinus Pomarine Jaeger MN x x Stercorarius parasiticus Parasitic Jaeger MN x Stercorarius longicaudus Long-tailed Jaeger A? x Laridae (33) Creagrus furcatus Swallow-tailed Gull MN x Rissa tridactyla Black-legged Kittiwake A x x Xema sabini Sabine's Gull A x Chroicocephalus philadelphia Bonaparte’s Gull MN x Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus Gray-hooded Gull A (I) x Leucophaeus modestus Gray Gull A x Leucophaeus atricilla Laughing Gull MN (RN) x Leucophaeus pipixcan Franklin's Gull MN (RN) x Larus belcheri Belcher's Gull MN x x Larus heermanni Heermann's Gull A x Larus delawarensis Ring-billed Gull MN x Larus occidentalis Western Gull A x Larus californicus California Gull A x Larus argentatus Herring Gull MN x Larus marinus Great Black-backed Gull A x Larus dominicanus Kelp Gull A x x Anous stolidus Brown Noddy RI , RN x Anous minutus Black Noddy RI x Gygis alba White-Tern RI x Onychoprion fuscatus Sooty Tern RI x Onychoprion anaethetus Bridled Tern R x Sternula antillarum Least Tern MN (RN) x Sternula superciliaris Yellow-billed Tern A Phaetusa simplex Large-billed Tern A x Gelochelidon nilotica Gull-billed Tern MN x Hydroprogne caspia Caspian Tern MN x Larosterna inca Inca Tern A x Chlidonias niger Black Tern MN x x Sterna dougallii Roseate Tern A Sterna hirundo Common Tern MN (RN) x x Sterna paradiseae Artic Tern MN x x Sterna forsteri Forster's Tern MN x x Thalasseus maximus Royal Tern MN x x Thalasseus sandvicensis Sandwich Tern MN x x Thalasseus elegans Elegant Tern MN (RN) x x Rynchops niger Black Skimmer MN (RN) x x EURYPYGIFORMES Eurypygidae (1) Eurypyga helias Sunbittern R x x PHAETHONTIFORMES Phaethontidae (3) Phaethon lepturus White-tailed Tropicbird A x x Phaethon aethereus Red-billed Tropicbird M x Phaethon rubricauda Red-tailed Tropicbird A x PROCELLARIIFORMES Diomedeidae (1) Phoebastria irrorata Waved Albatross A (M) x Oceanitidae (2) Oceanites oceanicus Wilson's Storm-Petrel M? x Pelagodroma marina White-faced Storm-Petrel A? x Hydrobatidae (8) Hydrobates leucorhus Leach's Storm-Petrel M? x Hydrobates socorroensis Townsend's Storm-Petrel M? x Hydrobates castro Band-rumped Storm-Petrel M? x Hydrobates tethys Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel M? x Hydrobates melania Black Storm-Petrel M (RN)? x Hydrobates markhami Markham's Storm-Petrel M? x Hydrobates microsoma Least Storm-Petrel M? x Procellariidae (15) Pseudobulweria hasitata Black-capped Petrel A (M) x Pterodroma phaeopygia Galapagos Petrel M x Pterodroma rostrata Tahiti Petrel A (M) x Procellaria parkinsoni Parkinson’s Petrel M x Calonectris diomedea Cory's Shearwater A (M) x Ardenna pacifica Wedge-tailed Shearwater M x Ardenna tenuirostris Short-tailed Shearwater A (M) x Ardenna grisea Sooty Shearwater M x Ardennas gravis Great Shearwater A (M) x Ardenna creatopus Pink-footed Shearwater M x Puffinus nativitatis Christmas Shearwater A (M) x Puffinus subalaris Galapagos Shearwater M x Puffinus puffinus Manx Shearwater A (M) x Puffinus opistomelas Black-vented Shearwater A (M) x Puffinus lherminieri Audubon’s Shearwater M x CICONIIFORMES Ciconiidae (3) Ciconia maguari Maguari Stork A Jabiru mycteria Jabiru R x x Mycteria americana Wood Stork R , MN x SULIFORMES Fregatidae (2) Fregata magnificens Magnificent Frigatebird R x x Fregata minor Great Frigatebird RI x Sulidae (6) Sula dactylatra Masked Booby RI Sula granti Nazca Booby RI x Sula nebouxii Blue-footed Booby RI x Sula variegata Peruvian Booby A x Sula leucogaster Brown Booby R x Sula sula Red-footed Booby R?, RI x x Anhingidae (1) Anhinga anhinga Anhinga R x Phalacrocoracidae (1) Phalacrocorax brasilianus Neotropic Cormorant R x PELECANIFORMES Pelecanidae (2) Pelecanus erythrorhynchos American White Pelican A (MN) Pelecanus occidentalis Brown Pelican R x x Ardeidae (20) Botaurus pinnatus Pinnated Bittern R x Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern A (MN) x x Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern R (MN) x Tigrisoma lineatum Rufescent Tiger-Heron R x Tigrisoma fasciatum Fasciated Tiger-Heron R x x Tigrisoma mexicanum Bare-throated Tiger-Heron R x Ardea herodias Great Blue Heron MN (RN) x Ardea alba Great Egret R (MN) x Syrigma sibilatrix Whistling Heron A x Egretta thula Snowy Egret R (MN) x Egretta caerulea Little Blue Heron R (MN) x Egretta tricolor Tricolored Heron R (MN) Egretta rufescens Reddish Egret MN x Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret R x Butorides virescens Green Heron R x Butorides striata Striated Heron A x Agamia agami Agami Heron R x x Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-Heron R (MN) x Nyctanassa violacea Yellow-crowned Night-Heron R (MN) x Cochlearius cochlearius Boat-billed Heron R x Threskiornithidae (5) Eudocimus albus White Ibis R x Plegadis falcinellus Glossy Ibis R x Plegadis chihi White-faced Ibis EX x Mesembrinibis cayennensis Green Ibis R x Platalea ajaja Roseate Spoonbill R x CATHARTIFORMES Cathartidae (4) Sarcoramphus papa King Vulture R x Coragyps atratus Black Vulture R x Cathartes aura Turkey Vulture R, MN x Cathartes burrovianus Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture R x x ACCIPITRIFORMES Pandionidae (1) Pandion haliaetus Osprey MN (RN) x Accipitridae (39) Gampsonyx swainsonii Pearl Kite R x Elanus leucurus White-tailed Kite R x Chondrohierax uncinatus Hook-billed Kite R x Leptodon cayanensis Gray-headed Kite R x x x Elanoides forficatus Swallow-tailed Kite R (MN,MS) x Morphnus guianensis Crested Eagle R x x Harpia harpyja Harpy Eagle R x x Spizaetus tyrannus Black Hawk-Eagle R x Spizaetus melanoleucus Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle R x Spizaetus ornatus Ornate Hawk-Eagle R x Harpagus bidentatus Double-toothed Kite R x Circus hudsonius Northern Harrier MN x Accipiter poliogaster Gray-bellied Hawk A x Accipiter superciliosus Tiny Hawk R x x Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned Hawk MN x Accipiter cooperii Cooper's Hawk MN x Accipiter bicolor Bicolored Hawk R x Ictinia mississippiensis Mississippi Kite MN x Ictinia plumbea Plumbeous Kite MS, MN x x Busarellus nigricollis Black-collared Hawk R x x Geranospiza caerulescens Crane Hawk R x x x Rostrhamus sociabilis Snail Kite R x x Buteogallus anthracinus Common Black Hawk R x Buteogallus meridionalis Savanna Hawk R? x Buteogallus urubitinga Great Black Hawk R x x Buteogallus solitarius Solitary Eagle R x Morphnarchus princeps Barred Hawk R x Rupornis magnirostris Roadside Hawk R x Parabuteo unicinctus Harris's Hawk R x x Geranoetus albicaudatus White-tailed Hawk R x x Pseudastur albicollis White Hawk R x x x Leucopternis semiplumbeus Semiplumbeous Hawk R x Buteo plagiatus Gray Hawk R x Buteo nitidus Gray-lined Hawk R x Buteo platypterus Broad-winged Hawk MN x Buteo brachyurus Short-tailed Hawk R x Buteo swainsoni Swainson's Hawk MN x Buteo albonotatus Zone-tailed Hawk R, MN x Buteo jamaicensis Red-tailed Hawk R, MN x x STRIGIFORMES Tytonidae (1) Tyto alba Barn-Owl R x Strigidae (16) Megascops clarkii Bare-shanked Screech-Owl R x Megascops choliba Tropical Screech-Owl R x Megascops cooperi Pacific Screech-Owl R x Megascops guatemalae Vermiculated Screech-Owl R x x x Lophostrix cristata Crested Owl R x Pulsatrix perspicillata Spectacled Owl R x Bubo virginianus Great Horned Owl A x x Glaucidium costaricanum Costa Rican Pygmy-Owl R (e) x Glaucidium griseiceps Central American Pygmy-Owl R x Glaucidium brasilianum Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl R x x Athene canicularia Burrowing Owl A x Ciccaba virgata Mottled Owl R x Ciccaba nigrolineata Black-and-white Owl R x Asio flammeus Shorth-eared Owl A x Pseudoscops clamator Striped Owl R x Aegolius ridgwayi Unspotted Saw-whet Owl R x TROGONIFORMES Trogonidae (10) Trogon clathratus Lattice-tailed Trogon R (e) x x Trogon massena Slaty-tailed Trogon R x x Trogon melanocephalus Black-headed Trogon R x Trogon bairdii Baird's Trogon R (e) x Trogon caligatus Gartered Trogon R x Trogon rufus Black-throated Trogon R x x Trogon elegans Elegant Trogon R x Trogon collaris Collared Trogon R x Pharomachrus mocinno Resplendent Quetzal R x x CORACIIFORMES Momotidae (6) Hylomanes momotula Tody Motmot R x x Momotus lessonii Lesson's Motmot R x x Baryphthengus martii Rufous Motmot R x Electron carinatum Keel-billed Motmot R x Electron platyrhynchum Broad-billed Motmot R x Eumomota superciliosa Turquoise-browed Motmot R x Alcedinidae (6) Megaceryle torquatus Ringed Kingfisher R x Megaceryle alcyon Belted Kingfisher MN x Chloroceryle amazona Amazon Kingfisher R x Chloroceryle aenea American Pygmy Kingfisher R x Chloroceryle americana Green Kingfisher R x Chloroceryle inda Green-and-rufous Kingfisher R x PICIFORMES Bucconidae (5) Notharchus hyperrhynchus White-necked Puffbird R x Notharchus tectus Pied Puffbird R x Malacoptila panamensis White-whiskered Puffbird R x x Micromonacha lanceolata Lanceolated Monklet R x x Monasa morphoeus White-fronted Nunbird R x Galbulidae (2) Galbula ruficauda Rufous-tailed Jacamar R x x Jacamerops aureus Great Jacamar R x Capitonidae (1) Eubucco bourcierii Red-headed Barbet R x Semnornithidae (1) Semnornis frantzii Prong-billed Barbet R (e) x x Ramphastidae (6) Aulacorhynchus prasinus Northern Emerald-Toucanet R x x Pteroglossus torquatus Collared Aracari R x x Pteroglossus frantzii Fiery-billed Aracari R (e) x Selenidera spectabilis Yellow-eared Toucanet R x x Ramphastos sulfuratus Keel-billed Toucan R x x Ramphastos ambiguus Yellow-throated Toucan R x x Picidae (16) Picumnus olivaceus Olivaceous Piculet R x x Melanerpes formicivorus Acorn Woodpecker R x Melanerpes chrysauchen Golden-naped Woodpecker R (e) x Melanerpes pucherani Black-cheeked Woodpecker R x Melanerpes rubricapillus Red-crowned Woodpecker R x Melanerpes hoffmannii Hoffmann's Woodpecker R x Sphyrapicus varius Yellow-bellied Sapsucker MN x Dryobates villosus Hairy Woodpecker R x Dryobates fumigatus Smoky-brown Woodpecker R x x x Dryobates kirkii Red-rumped Woodpecker R x x Piculus simplex Rufous-winged Woodpecker R x x Colaptes rubiginosus Golden-olive Woodpecker R x Celeus loricatus Cinnamon Woodpecker R x Celeus castaneus Chestnut-colored Woodpecker R x Dryocopus lineatus Lineated Woodpecker R x Campephilus guatemalensis Pale-billed Woodpecker R x FALCONIFORMES Falconidae (13) Micrastur ruficollis Barred Forest-Falcon R x Micrastur mirandollei Slaty-backed Forest-Falcon R x Micrastur semitorquatus Collared Forest-Falcon R x Ibycter americanus Red-throated Caracara R x x Caracara cheriway Crested Caracara R x Milvago chimachima Yellow-headed Caracara R x x x Herpetotheres cachinnans Laughing Falcon R x Falco sparverius American Kestrel MN x Falco columbarius Merlin MN x Falco femoralis Aplomado Falcon A x Falco rufigularis Bat Falcon R x Falco deiroleucus Orange-breasted Falcon EX x x Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon MN x PSITTACIFORMES Psittacidae (18) Pyrrhura hoffmanni Sulphur-winged Parakeet R (e) x x Eupsittula nana Olive-throated Parakeet R x Eupsittula canicularis Orange-fronted Parakeet R x Eupsittula pertinax Brown-throated Parakeet R x Ara macao Scarlet Macaw R x x x Ara ambiguus Great Green Macaw R x Psittacara finschi Crimson-fronted Parakeet R (e) x Bolborhynchus lineola Barred Parakeet R x Brotogeris jugularis Orange-chinned Parakeet R x Touit costaricensis Red-fronted Parrotlet R (e) x x Pyrilia haematotis Brown-hooded Parrot R x Pionus menstruus Blue-headed Parrot R x x Pionus senilis White-crowned Parrot R x Amazona albifrons White-fronted Parrot R x x x Amazona autumnalis Red-lored Parrot R x x Amazona farinosa Mealy Parrot R x x Amazona auropalliata Yellow-naped Parrot R x Amazona ochrocephala Yellow-crowned Parrot A x PASSERIFORMES Thamnophilidae (22) Cymbilaimus lineatus Fasciated Antshrike R x Taraba major Great Antshrike R x x Thamnophilus doliatus Barred Antshrike R x Thamnophilus bridgesi Black-hooded Antshrike R (e) x Thamnophilus atrinucha Black-crowned Antshrike R x x Thamnistes anabatinus Russet Antshrike R x x x Dysithamnus mentalis Plain Antvireo R x x x Dysithamnus striaticeps Streak-crowned Antvireo R x x Dysithamnus puncticeps Spot-crowned Antvireo R x Myrmotherula axillaris White-flanked Antwren R x Myrmotherula schisticolor Slaty Antwren R x x x Epinecrophilla fulviventris Checker-throated Stipplethroat R x x Microrhopias quixensis Dot-winged Antwren R x x Euchrepomis callinota Rufous-rumped Antwren R x x Cercomacroides tyrannina Dusky Antbird R x x Gymnocichla nudiceps Bare-crowned Antbird R x x Poliocrania exsul Chestnut-backed Antbird R x x Sipia laemosticta Dull-mantled Antbird R x x Myrmeciza zeledoni Zeledon's Antbird R x x Hylophylax naevioides Spotted Antbird R x x Gymnopithys bicolor Bicolored Antbird R x x x Phaenostictus mcleannani Ocellated Antbird R x x Conopophagidae (1) Pittasoma michleri Black-crowned Antpitta R x x Grallariidae (4) Grallaria guatimalensis Scaled Antpitta R x Hylopezus perspicillatus Streak-chested Antpitta R x x x Hylopezus dives Thicket Antpitta R x Grallaricula flavirostris Ochre-breasted Antpitta R x Rhinocryptidae (1) Scytalopus argentifrons Silvery-fronted Tapaculo R (e) x x Formicariidae (3) Formicarius analis Black-faced Antthrush R x x Formicarius nigricapillus Black-headed Antthrush R x Formicarius rufipectus Rufous-breasted Antthrush R x Furnariidae (34) Sclerurus mexicanus Tawny-throated Leaftosser R x Sclerurus albigularis Gray-throated Leaftosser R x Sclerurus guatemalensis Scaly-throated Leaftosser R x x Sittasomus griseicapillus Olivaceous Woodcreeper R x Deconychura longicauda Long-tailed Woodcreeper R x x Dendrocincla homochroa Ruddy Woodcreeper R x Dendrocincla anabatina Tawny-winged Woodcreeper R x Dendrocincla fuliginosa Plain-brown Woodcreeper R x Glyphorhynchus spirurus Wedge-billed Woodcreeper R x x Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae Northern-barred Woodcreeper R x Dendrocolaptes picumnus Black-banded Woodcreeper R x x Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus Strong-billed Woodcreeper R x Xiphorhynchus susurrans Cocoa Woodcreeper R x Xiphorhynchus flavigaster Ivory-billed Woodcreeper R x Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus Black-striped Woodcreeper R x x Xiphorhynchus erythropygius Spotted Woodcreeper R x x x Campylorhamphus pusillus Brown-billed Scythebill R x x x Lepidocolaptes souleyetii Streak-headed Woodcreeper R x x Lepidocolaptes affinis Spot-crowned Woodcreeper R x Xenops minutus Plain Xenops R x Xenops rutilans Streaked Xenops R x Pseudocolaptes lawrencii Buffy Tuftedcheek R x x Dendroma rufa Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner R x Anabacerthia variegaticeps Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner R x Syndactyla subalaris Lineated Foliage-gleaner R x Clibanornis rubiginosus Ruddy Foliage-gleaner R x Thripadectes rufobrunneus Streak-breasted Treehunter R (e) x x Automolus ochrolaemus Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner R x Automolus exsertus Chiriqui Foliage-gleaner R (e) x Automolus subulatus Striped Woodhunter R x x Premnoplex brunnescens Spotted Barbtail R x x Margarornis rubiginosus Ruddy Treerunner R (e) x Cranioleuca erythrops Red-faced Spinetail R x x Synallaxis albescens Pale-breasted Spinetail R x Synallaxis brachyura Slaty Spinetail R x x Pipridae (8) Chiroxiphia lanceolata Lance-tailed Manakin R x Chiroxiphia linearis Long-tailed Manakin R x Corapipo altera White-ruffed Manakin R x x x Lepidothrix coronata Blue-crowned Manakin R x x Manacus candei White-collared Manakin R x Manacus aurantiacus Orange-collared Manakin R (e) x Pseudopipra pipra White-crowned Manakin R x x Ceratopipra mentalis Red-capped Manakin R x x x Cotingidae (8) Querula purpurata Purple-throated Fruitcrow R x Cephalopterus glabricollis Bare-necked Umbrellabird R (e) x x Cotinga amabilis Lovely Cotinga R x x Cotinga ridgwayi Turquoise Cotinga R (e) x Lipaugus unirufus Rufous Piha R x x Procnias tricarunculatus Three-wattled Bellbird R x Carpodectes antoniae Yellow-billed Cotinga R (e) x Carpodectes nitidus Snowy Cotinga R x Tityridae (9) Schiffornis veraepacis Northern Schiffornis R x x Laniocera rufescens Speckled Mourner R x x Tityra semifasciata Masked Tityra R x Tityra inquisitor Black-crowned Tityra R x x x Pachyramphus versicolor Barred Becard R x Pachyramphus cinnamomeus Cinnamon Becard R x x Pachyramphus polychopterus White-winged Becard R x x x Pachyramphus albogriseus Black-and-white Becard R x Pachyramphus aglaiae Rose-throated Becard R x Oxyruncidae (1) Oxyruncus cristatus Sharpbill R x x Onychorhynchidae (4) Onychorhynchus coronatus Royal Flycatcher R x Terenotriccus erythrurus Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher R x x Myiobius sulphureipygius Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher R x x Myiobius atricaudus Black-tailed Flycatcher R x Tyrannidae (79) Piprites griseiceps Gray-headed Piprites R x Platyrinchus cancrominus Stub-tailed Spadebill R x Platyrinchus mystaceus White-throated Spadebill R x x Platyrinchus coronatus Golden-crowned Spadebill R x x Mionectes olivaceus Olive-striped Flycatcher R x x Mionectes oleagineus Ochre-bellied Flycatcher R x x Leptopogon amaurocephalus Sepia-capped Flycatcher R x x Leptopogon superciliaris Slaty-capped Flycatcher R x Phylloscartes superciliaris Rufous-browed Tyrannulet R x x Myiornis atricapillus Black-capped Pygmy-Tyrant R x Lophotriccus pileatus Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant R x x x Oncostoma cinereigulare Northern Bentbill R x Poecilotriccus sylvia Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher R x Todirostrum cinereum Common Tody-Flycatcher R x Todirostrum nigriceps Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher R x Rhynchocyclus brevirostris Eye-ringed Flatbill R x x x Tolmomyias sulphurescens Yellow-olive Flycatcher R x Tolmomyias assimilis Yellow-margined Flycatcher R x Ornithion semiflavum Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet R x x Ornithion brunneicapillus Brown-capped Tyrannulet R x Camptostoma imberbe Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet R x Camptostoma obsoletum Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet R x x Nesotriccus murinus Mouse-colored Tyrannulet R x x Nesotriccus ridgwayi Cocos Flycatcher RI (e) x Capsiempis flaveola Yellow Tyrannulet R x x Tyrannulus elatus Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet R x Myiopagis viridicata Greenish Elaenia R x Elaenia flavogaster Yellow-bellied Elaenia R x Elaenia chiriquensis Lesser Elaenia R x x Elaenia frantzii Mountain Elaenia R x x Serpophaga cinerea Torrent Tyrannulet R x Phyllomyias burmeisteri Rough-legged Tyrannulet R x Zimmerius parvus Mistletoe Tyrannulet R x Myiophobus fasciatus Bran-colored Flycatcher R x Aphanotriccus capitalis Tawny-chested Flycatcher R (e) x Mitrephanes phaeocercus Tufted Flycatcher R x x Contopus cooperi Olive-sided Flycatcher MN x Contopus lugubris Dark Pewee R (e) x x Contopus ochraceus Ochraceous Pewee R (e) x Contopus sordidulus Western Wood-Pewee MN x Contopus virens Eastern Wood-Pewee MN x Contopus cinereus Tropical Pewee R x Empidonax flaviventris Yellow-bellied Flycatcher MN x Empidonax virescens Acadian Flycatcher MN x Empidonax alnorum Alder Flycatcher MN x Empidonax traillii Willow Flycatcher MN x Empidonax albigularis White-throated Flycatcher R x x x Empidonax minimus Least Flycatcher MN x Empidonax flavescens Yellowish Flycatcher R x x Empidonax atriceps Black-capped Flycatcher R (e) x Sayornis nigricans Black Phoebe R x Sayornis phoebe Eastern Phoebe A (I) Pyrocephalus rubinus Vermilion Flycatcher A x Colonia colonus Long-tailed Tyrant R x Attila spadiceus Bright-rumped Attila R x Rhytipterna holerythra Rufous Mourner R x x x Myiarchus tuberculifer Dusky-capped Flycatcher R x Myiarchus panamensis Panama Flycatcher R x x Myiarchus cinerascens Ash-throated Flycatcher A x Myiarchus nuttingi Nutting's Flycatcher R x Myiarchus crinitus Great Crested Flycatcher MN x Myiarchus tyrannulus Brown-crested Flycatcher R x Pitangus sulphuratus Great Kiskadee R x Megarynchus pitangua Boat-billed Flycatcher R x Myiozetetes cayanensis Rusty-margined Flycatcher R x Myiozetetes similis Social Flycatcher R x Myiozetetes granadensis Gray-capped Flycatcher R x x Conopias albovittatus White-ringed Flycatcher R x Myiodynastes chrysocephalus Golden-crowned Flycatcher (A) Myiodynastes hemichrysus Golden-bellied Flycatcher R (e) x x Myiodynastes maculatus Streaked Flycatcher MS x Myiodynastes luteiventris Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher MS x Legatus leucophaius Piratic Flycatcher MS x Tyrannus melancholicus Tropical Kingbird R x Tyrannus couchii Couch's Kingbird (A) Tyrannus verticallis Western Kingbird MN x x Tyrannus tyrannus Eastern Kingbird MN x Tyrannus dominicensis Gray Kingbird MN x Tyrannus forficatus Scissor-tailed Flycatcher MN x x Tyrannus savana Fork-tailed Flycatcher R x Sublegatus arenarum Northern Scrub-Flycatcher R x x Vireonidae (16) Cyclarhis gujanensis Rufous-browed Peppershrike R x Hylophilus flavipes Scrub Greenlet R x Vireolanius pulchellus Green Shrike-Vireo R x x Tunchiornis ochraceiceps Tawny-crowned Greenlet R x x Pachysylvia decurtata Lesser Greenlet R x Vireo griseus White-eyed Vireo MN x Vireo pallens Mangrove Vireo R x x Vireo flavifrons Yellow-throated Vireo MN x Vireo carmioli Yellow-winged Vireo R (e) x Vireo solitarius Blue-headed Vireo MN x Vireo philadelphicus Philadelphia Vireo MN x Vireo gilvus Warbling Vireo MN x Vireo leucophrys Brown-capped Vireo R x x Vireo olivaceus Red-eyed Vireo MN x Vireo flavoviridis Yellow-green Vireo MS x Vireo altiloquus Black-whiskered Vireo MN x Corvidae (5) Cyanolyca argentigula Silvery-throated Jay R (e) x Cyanolyca cucullata Azure-hooded Jay R x Calocitta formosa White-throated Magpie-Jay R x Psilorhinus morio Brown Jay R x Cyanocorax affinis Black-chested Jay R x x Hirundinidae (13) Riparia riparia Bank Swallow MN x Tachycineta bicolor Tree Swallow MN x Tachycineta thalassina Violet-green Swallow MN x Tachycineta albilinea Mangrove Swallow R x x x Pygochelidon cyanoleuca Blue-and-white Swallow R x x Stelgidopteryx serripennis Northern Rough-winged Swallow MN x Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Southern Rough-winged Swallow R x Progne tapera Brown-chested Martin MS x Progne subis Purple Martin MN x Progne chalybea Gray-breasted Martin R x Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow MN x Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Cliff Swallow MN x Petrochelidon fulva Cave Swallow MN x Troglodytidae (24) Salpinctes obsoletus Rock Wren R x Microcerculus philomela Nightingale Wren R x x Microcerculus marginatus Scaly-breasted Wren R x x Troglodytes aedon House Wren R x Troglodytes ochraceus Ochraceous Wren R (e) x x Thryorchilus browni Timberline Wren R (e) x Cistothorus platensis Sedge Wren R x Campylorhynchus zonatus Band-backed Wren R x Campylorhynchus rufinucha Rufous-naped Wren R x Pheugopedius atrogularis Black-throated Wren R (e) x Pheugopedius rutilus Rufous-breasted Wren R x x Pheugopedius maculipectus Spot-breasted Wren R x Pheugopedius fasciatoventris Black-bellied Wren R x Thryophilus rufalbus Rufous-and-white Wren R x x Thryophilus pleurostictus Banded Wren R x Cantorchilus thoracicus Stripe-breasted Wren R x Cantorchilus modestus Cabanis's Wren R x Cantorchilus zeledoni Canebrake Wren R (e) x Cantorchilus elutus Isthmian Wren R (e) x Cantorchilus nigricapillus Bay Wren R x Cantorchilus semibadius Riverside Wren R (e) x Henicorhina leucosticta White-breasted Wood-Wren R x x x Henicorhina leucophrys Gray-breasted Wood-Wren R x x Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus Song Wren R x Polioptilidae (4) Microbates cinereiventris Tawny-faced Gnatwren R x x Ramphocaenus melanurus Long-billed Gnatwren R x Polioptila albiloris White-lored Gnatcatcher R x Polioptila plumbea Tropical Gnatcatcher R x Cinclidae (1) Cinclus mexicanus American Dipper R x Turdidae (15) Myadestes melanops Black-faced Solitaire R (e) x x Catharus gracilirostris Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush R (e) x Catharus aurantiirostris Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush R x Catharus fuscater Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush R x Catharus frantzii Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush R x Catharus mexicanus Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush R x Catharus fuscescens Veery MN x Catharus minimus Gray-cheeked Thrush MN x Catharus ustulatus Swainson's Thrush MN x Hylocichla mustelina Wood Thrush MN x Turdus nigrescens Sooty Thrush R (e) x Turdus plebejus Mountain Thrush R x x Turdus obsoletus Pale-vented Thrush R x Turdus grayi Clay-colored Thrush R x Turdus assimilis White-throated Thrush R x x Mimidae (2) Dumetella carolinensis Gray Catbird MN x Mimus gilvus Tropical Mockingbird R x Motacillidae (1) Anthus rubescens American Pipit A x Bombycillidae (1) Bombycilla cedrorum Cedar Waxwing MN x Ptiliogonatidae (2) Phainoptila melanoxantha Black-and-yellow Silky-Flycatcher R (e) x x Ptiliogonys caudatus Long-tailed Silky-Flycatcher R (e) x x Estrildidae (1) Lonchura malacca Tricolored Munia R x x Passeridae (1) Passer domesticus House Sparrow R x Fringillidae (12) Chlorophonia callophrys Golden-browed Chlorophonia R (e) x Euphonia affinis Scrub Euphonia R x Euphonia luteicapilla Yellow-crowned Euphonia R x x Euphonia laniirostris Thick-billed Euphonia R x Euphonia hirundinacea Yellow-throated Euphonia R x Euphonia elegantissima Elegant Euphonia R x x Euphonia imitans Spot-crowned Euphonia R (e) x Euphonia gouldi Olive-backed Euphonia R x Euphonia minuta White-vented Euphonia R x x Euphonia anneae Tawny-capped Euphonia R x x Spinus xanthogastra Yellow-bellied Siskin R x Spinus psaltria Lesser Goldfinch R x Rhodinocichlidae (1) Rhodinocichla rosea Rosy Thrush-Tanager R x Passerellidae (25) Chlorospingus canigularis Ashy-throated Chlorospingus R x x Chlorospingus pileatus Sooty-capped Chlorospingus R (e) x Chlorospingus flavopectus Common Chlorospingus R x Peucaea ruficauda Stripe-headed Sparrow R x Peucaea botterii Botteri's Sparrow R x Ammodramus savannarum Grasshopper Sparrow MN x Arremonops rufivirgatus Olive Sparrow R x Arremonops conirostris Black-striped Sparrow R x x Chondestes grammacus Lark Sparrow MN x Spizella passerina Chipping Sparrow MN x Spizella pallida Clay-colored Sparrow A x Arremon costaricensis Costa Rican Brushfinch R (e) x Arremon aurantiirostris Orange-billed Sparrow R x x x Arremon brunneinucha Chestnut-capped Brushfinch R x x Arremon crassirostris Sooty-faced Finch R (e) x Junco vulcani Volcano Junco R (e) x Zonotrichia capensis Rufous-collared Sparrow R x Zonotrichia leucophrys White-crowned Sparrow A x Passerculus sandwichensis Savannah Sparrow MN x Melospiza lincolnii Lincoln's Sparrow MN x Pezopetes capitalis Large-footed Finch R (e) x Melozone leucotis White-eared Ground-Sparrow R x Melozone cabanisi Cabanis's Ground-Sparrow R (e) x Aimophila rufescens Rusty Sparrow R x Atlapetes albinucha White-naped Brushfinch R x Atlapetes tibialis Yellow-thighed Brushfinch R (e) x Zeledonidae (1) Zeledonia coronata Zeledonia R (e) x Icteriidae (1) Icteria virens Yellow-breasted Chat MN x Icteridae (24) Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Yellow-headed Blackbird A x Dolichonyx oryzivorus Bobolink MN x Sturnella magna Eastern Meadowlark R x Leistes militaris Red-breasted Meadowlark R x Amblycercus holosericeus Yellow-billed Cacique R x Psarocolius decumanus Crested Oropendola R x x Psarocolius wagleri Chestnut-headed Oropendola R x x Psarocolius montezuma Montezuma Oropendola R x Cacicus uropygialis Scarlet-rumped Cacique R x Icterus prosthemelas Black-cowled Oriole R x Icterus spurius Orchard Oriole R x Icterus chrysater Yellow-backed Oriole A Icterus mesomelas Yellow-tailed Oriole R x Icterus pustulatus Streak-backed Oriole R x Icterus bullockii Bullock's Oriole MN x Icterus pectoralis Spot-breasted Oriole R x Icterus galbula Baltimore Oriole MN x Agelaius phoeniceus Red-winged Blackbird R x Molothrus bonariensis Shiny Cowbird R x x Molothrus aeneus Bronzed Cowbird R x Molothrus oryzivorus Giant Cowbird R x Dives dives Melodious Blackbird R x Quiscalus mexicanus Great-tailed Grackle R x Quiscalus nicaraguensis Nicaraguan Grackle R (e) x Parulidae (52) Seiurus aurocapilla Ovenbird MN x Helmitheros vermivorum Worm-eating Warbler MN x Parkesia motacilla Louisiana Waterthrush MN x Parkesia noveboracensis Northern Waterthrush MN x Vermivora chrysoptera Golden-winged Warbler MN x Vermivora cyanoptera Blue-winged Warbler MN x Mniotilta varia Black-and-white Warbler MN x Protonotaria citrea Prothonotary Warbler MN x Oreothlypis gutturalis Flame-throated Warbler R (e) x Leiothlypis peregrina Tennessee Warbler MN x Leiothlypis celata Orange-crowned Warbler MN x Leiothlypis ruficapilla Nashville Warbler MN x Oporornis agilis Connecticut Warbler MN x Geothlypis poliocephala Gray-crowned Yellowthroat R x Geothlypis tolmiei MacGillivray's Warbler MN x Geothlypis philadelphia Mourning Warbler MN x Geothlypis formosa Kentucky Warbler MN x Geothlypis semiflava Olive-crowned Yellowthroat R x x Geothlypis trichas Common Yellowthroat MN x Setophaga citrina Hooded Warbler MN x Setophaga ruticilla American Redstart MN x Setophaga tigrina Cape May Warbler MN x Setophaga cerulea Cerulean Warbler MN x Setophaga americana Northern Parula MN x Setophaga pitiayumi Tropical Parula R x Setophaga magnolia Magnolia Warbler MN x Setophaga castanea Bay-breasted Warbler MN x Setophaga fusca Blackburnian Warbler MN x Setophaga petechia Yellow Warbler R, MN x Setophaga pensylvanica Chestnut-sided Warbler MN x Setophaga striata Blackpoll Warbler MN x Setophaga caerulescens Black-throated Blue Warbler MN x Setophaga palmarum Palm Warbler MN x Setophaga pinus Pine Warbler MN x Setophaga coronata Yellow-rumped Warbler MN x Setophaga dominica Yellow-throated Warbler MN x Setophaga discolor Prairie Warbler MN x Setophaga townsendi Townsend's Warbler MN x Setophaga occidentalis Hermit Warbler MN x Setophaga chrysoparia Golden-cheeked Warbler A (MN) x Setophaga virens Black-throated Green Warbler MN x Myiothlypis fulvicauda Buff-rumped Warbler R x Basileuterus rufifrons Rufous-capped Warbler R x Basileuterus melanogenys Black-cheeked Warbler R (e) x Basileuterus culicivorus Golden-crowned Warbler R x Basileuterus melanotis Costa Rican Warbler R (e) x Cardellina canadensis Canada Warbler MN x Cardellina pusilla Wilson's Warbler MN x Myioborus miniatus Slate-throated Redstart R x Myioborus torquatus Collared Redstart R (e) x Mitrospingidae (1) Mitrospingus cassinii Dusky-faced Tanager R x Cardinalidae (20) Piranga flava Hepatic Tanager R x Piranga rubra Summer Tanager MN x Piranga olivacea Scarlet Tanager MN x Piranga ludoviciana Western Tanager MN x Piranga bidentata Flame-colored Tanager R x x Piranga leucoptera White-winged Tanager R x x Habia rubica Red-crowned Ant-Tanager R x x Habia fuscicauda Red-throated Ant-Tanager R x Habia atrimaxillaris Black-cheeked Ant-Tanager R (e) x Chlorothraupis carmioli Carmiol's Tanager R x Caryothraustes poliogaster Black-faced Grosbeak R x x Pheucticus tibialis Black-thighed Grosbeak R (e) x x Pheucticus ludovicianus Rose-breasted Grosbeak MN x Pheucticus melanocephalus Black-headed Grosbeak MN x Amaurospiza concolor Blue Seedeater R x x Cyanoloxia cyanoides Blue-black Grosbeak R x Passerina caerulea Blue Grosbeak R, MN x Passerina cyanea Indigo Bunting MN x Passerina ciris Painted Bunting MN x Spiza americana Dickcissel MN x Thraupidae (50) Bangsia arcaei Blue-and-gold Tanager R (e) x x Thraupis episcopus Blue-gray Tanager R x Thraupis abbas Yellow-winged Tanager R x Thraupis palmarum Palm Tanager R x Stilpnia larvata Golden-hooded Tanager R x Ixothraupis guttata Speckled Tanager R x x x Tangara dowii Spangle-cheeked Tanager R (e) x Tangara inornata Plain-colored Tanager R x Tangara lavinia Rufous-winged Tanager R x x Tangara gyrola Bay-headed Tanager R x x Tangara florida Emerald Tanager R x x Tangara icterocephala Silver-throated Tanager R x x Sicalis luteola Grassland Yellow-Finch A x x Haplospiza rustica Slaty Finch R x Acanthidops bairdi Peg-billed Finch R (e) x Diglossa plumbea Slaty Flowerpiercer R (e) x x Chlorophanes spiza Green Honeycreeper R x x x Chrysothlypis chrysomelas Black-and-yellow Tanager R (e) x x Heterospingus rubrifrons Sulphur-rumped Tanager R (e) x Volatinia jacarina Blue-black Grassquit R x Eucometis penicillata Gray-headed Tanager R x x x Loriotus luctuosus White-shouldered Tanager R x x x Tachyphonus delattrii Tawny-crested Tanager R x x Tachyphonus rufus White-lined Tanager R x x Lanio leucothorax White-throated Shrike-Tanager R x x Ramphocelus sanguinolentus Crimson-collared Tanager R x x Ramphocelus flammigerus Flame-rumped Tanager A x Ramphocelus passerinii Scarlet-rumped Tanager R x x Cyanerpes lucidus Shining Honeycreeper R x x Cyanerpes cyaneus Red-legged Honeycreeper R x Dacnis venusta Scarlet-thighed Dacnis R x Dacnis cayana Blue Dacnis R x x Coereba flaveola Bananaquit R x Tiaris olivaceus Yellow-faced Grassquit R x Pinaroloxias inornata Cocos Finch RI (e) x Sporophila lineola Lined Seedeater A Sporophila funerea Thick-billed Seed-Finch R x x Sporophila nuttingi Nicaraguan Seed-Finch R (e) x Sporophila corvina Variable Seedeater R x Sporophila schistacea Slate-colored Seedeater R x Sporophila morelleti Morelet’s Seedeater R x Sporophila nigricollis Yellow-bellied Seedeater R x Sporophila minuta Ruddy-breasted Seedeater R x x Emberizoides herbicola Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch R x Saltator atriceps Black-headed Saltator R x Saltator maximus Buff-throated Saltator R x Saltator grossus Slate-colored Grosbeak R x Saltator coerulescens Grayish Saltator R x Saltator striatipectus Streaked Saltator R x x