DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENCE

HERITAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN

FORT FRONTENAC - NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE CFB KINGSTON, ON March 2012

Pilot Project

Figure 1 Aerial view of Fort Frontenac, CFB Kingston, ON

Heritage Management Plans are all about significance: the values, the physical resources that underpin them, their condition, and the undertakings to preserve them for future generations.

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Table of Contents

1.0 Heritage Management Plan – Fort Frontenac ...... 4 1.1 Location ...... 4 1.2 Cultural Heritage Asset Profile (CHAP) ...... 5 1.3 Purpose of the plan ...... 6 1.4 Description and history ...... 9 1.5 Significance, values, features, condition, vulnerability ...... 17 1.6 Management issues ...... 27 1.7 Aims ...... 30 1.8 Management objectives ...... 31 1.9 Specific objectives related to condition ...... 32 1.10 Work programs (past & future)...... 36 1.11 Monitoring and review ...... 38 1.12 Acronyms ...... 39 1.13 Approvals...... 40 Appendices ...... 41 Appendix 1 – Glossary ...... 41 Appendix 2 – Useful contacts & Advisory Agencies ...... 41 Appendix 3 – FHBRO Building Report 89-40 – Fort Frontenac (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 4 – FHBRO HCS FF01 Vincent Block (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 5 – FHBRO HCS FF02 Courcelles Block (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 6 – FHBRO HCS FF03 Lasalle Block (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 7 – FHBRO HCS FF04 Bradstreet Block (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 8 – FHBRO HCS FF05 De Noyan Block (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 9 – FHBRO HCS FF07 Ross Block (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 10 – FHBRO HCS FF08 Heating Plant (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 11a – FF01 Vincent Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 11b – FF01 Vincent Block Photos ...... 41 Appendix 11c – FF01 Vincent Block Folder ...... 41 Appendix 11d – FF01 Vincent Block CHAP ...... 41 Appendix 12a – FF02 Courcelles Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 12b – FF02 Courcelles Block Photos ...... 41 Appendix 12c – FF02 Courcelles Block Folder ...... 41 Appendix 12d – FF02 Courcelles Block CHAP ...... 41 Appendix 13a – FF03 Lasalle Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 41 Appendix 13b – FF03 Lasalle Block Photos ...... 41 Appendix 13c – FF03 Lasalle Block Folder ...... 41 Appendix 13d – FF03 Lasalle Block CHAP ...... 41 Appendix 14a – FF04 Bradstreet Block Work Program (PDF)...... 41 Appendix 14b – FF04 Bradstreet Block Photos ...... 41 Appendix 14c – FF04 Bradstreet Block Folder ...... 41 Appendix 14d – FF04 Bradstreet Block CHAP ...... 41 Appendix 15a – FF05 De Noyan Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 15b – FF05 De Noyan Block Photos ...... 42 Appendix 15c – FF05 De Noyan Block Folder ...... 42 Appendix 15d – FF05 De Noyan Block CHAP ...... 42 Appendix 16a – FF07 Ross Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 42

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Appendix 16b – FF07 Ross Block Photos ...... 42 Appendix 16c – FF07 Ross Block Folder ...... 42 Appendix 16d – FF07 Ross Block CHAP ...... 42 Appendix 17a – FF08 Heating Plant Work Program (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 17b – FF08 Heating Plant Photos ...... 42 Appendix 17c – FF08 Heating Plant Folder ...... 42 Appendix 17d – FF08 Heating Plant CHAP ...... 42 Appendix 18a – Normandy Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 18b – Normandy Block Photos ...... 42 Appendix 19a – G Block Work Program (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 19b – G Block Photos ...... 42 Appendix 20a – Gates and Walls Work Program (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 20b – Gates and Walls Photos ...... 42 Appendix 21a – Archaeological Remains Work Program (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 21b – Archaeological remains Photos ...... 42 Appendix 22a – Site Work Program ...... 42 Appendix 22b – Site Photos ...... 42 Appendix 22c – Site Historical Maps & Illustrations (PDF) ...... 42 Appendix 22d – Site Plans ...... 42 Appendix 23 – HSMBC Fort Frontenac National Historic Site ...... 42 Appendix 24 – Fort Frontenac History Folder ...... 42 Appendix 25 – Prioritization-Readiness-Affordability-Investment Process (PDF) ...... 43 Appendix 26 – Submission Approval Process (PDF) ...... 43 Appendix 27 – CFB Kingston MRADP / MRPDP (PDF) ...... 43 Appendix 28 – RMC Kingston RADP / RPDP 2011 (PDF) ...... 43 Appendix 29 – Parks Standards & Guidelines 2011_en (PDF) ...... 43 Appendix 30 – Phase II Heritage Baseline Study 2010 (PDF) ...... 43 Appendix 31 – FF03 & FF04 2012 Survey ...... 43

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1.0 Heritage Management Plan – Fort Frontenac

CFB Kingston, Ontario

1.1 Location

Figure 2 Location of Fort Frontenac in Kingston, ON

Figure 3 CFB Kingston property lines, surrounding area and location of Fort Frontenac

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1.2 Cultural Heritage Asset Profile (CHAP)

Figure 4 CFB Kingston, Fort Frontenac Main Gate PRIN (Buildings numbers) B7478; B7479; B7480; B7481; B7482; B7485; B7486. Asset Name Fort Frontenac National Historic Site.

CFB Base Kingston, Ontario. FHBRO designations 3 Classified and 4 Recognized buildings. Year of designations 1990 Other designation & year National Historic Site of Canada (1923). Values Archaeological, architectural, historical, site & setting. Character defining elements Location, footprint of walls, gates, buildings, curtain wall, (CDE) archaeological remains, seven historic buildings. Earliest construction date 1673 Location CFB/ASU Kingston, Ontario. Fire alarm system Refer to details for individual buildings. Sprinkler system Refer to details for individual buildings. Structure/construction type Load bearing stone masonry and concrete.

Past uses Fort, barracks, prison, teaching facility, storehouse. Current uses Offices, barracks, mess hall, clubhouse, heating plant. Condition of CDEs All character defining elements are in generally good condition. Buildings require some repair work. Building(s) & remains condition Archaeological remains are in generally good condition but require some repointing. Buildings require major windows rehabilitation and a few require roof replacement and upgrades to meet Nat’l Building Code & Nat’l Fire Code. Occupancy rating Generally good; fair for De Noyan Block and Heating plant. Risk to heritage Moderate Date of survey 2008, 2010 and 2012 Last fire and life safety audit Refer to details for individual buildings. Property area 20.79 Ha (51.37 acre) Floor area Refer to details for individual buildings. Cap – OM 2005-9/sq.m. (RAIS) Refer to details for individual buildings. Proposed disposal / mothballing None

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1.3 Purpose of the plan

. Explains the purpose of the plan and summarises the projects and activities (cross- referred to the full descriptions in an appendix of the HMP); . Identifies the parties involved in the plan preparation process.

1.3.1 Reasons for the plan

In January 2012 DRPM3 developed a prototype template for the preparation of DND Heritage Management Plans. This Heritage Management Plan was prepared as a pilot project to test and adapt this template for DND historic sites or group of heritage buildings using Fort Frontenac located at CFB Kingston, Ontario. The preparation of this “test case” HMP was limited in time; the information presented in this document may not be complete. It is presented as an example of the type of data or information required for an HMP.

Fort Frontenac was designated by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada as a National Historic Site in 1923. It comprises land, archaeological ruins as well as several buildings designated by FHBRO has having national heritage significance.

1.3.2 Parties involved in the plan preparation

DND Personnel From DRPM3 (Ottawa HQ)

Alain Lafrenière, B. Arch.

Chef de section, Programmes nationaux des biens immobiliers Section Head, National Real Property Programs DRPM 3/DGestBI 3 101 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K2 Tel: 613-995-5479 Fax: 613-995-1031 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

Leslie Huynh B. Arch.

Defence Construction Canada Program Support Officer, Real Property & Environment 161 Laurier Ave W. Suite 801 Ottawa ON K1P 5J3 Tel: 613.866.7901 Fax:613.949.9716 Email:[email protected]

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National Defence Headquarters Director Real Property Management 101 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K2 Tel: 613.996.8903 Fax: 613.995.8261 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

From CFB Kingston

Amelia (Amy) Colebourne, BA, MPL

Project Support Officer Defence Construction Canada 6 Moro Street Kingston, ON K7K 7B4 Tel: 613-545-8502 Fax :613-546-5118

Marielle Roch

Base Property Office|Bureau des Biens Immobiliers de la Base Engineer Support Squadron | Escadron de Soutien technique Canadian Forces Base Kingston | Base des Forces canadiennes Kingston National Defence|Défense nationale P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces | C.P. 17000 Succ Forces Kingston, Ontario, K7K 7B4 Tel.: (613) 541-5010 Ext :5028 Cell: (613) 561-7853 Fax : (613) 541-4495 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

Curtis Munroe P. Eng.

Engineering Officer Engineering Support Squadron Canadian Forces Base Kingston National Defence | Défense nationale P.O. Box 17000 Station Forces Kingston, ON, Canada K7K 7B4 Telephone | Téléphone: (613)541-5010 Ext 5279 Facsimile | Télécopieur: (613) 541-4484 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

Richard Z. Palimaka

Resource Administrator, Fort Frontenac Army Library Associate Editor, The Journal PO Box 1700 Station Forces Kingston, ON K7K 7B4 Tel. (613) 541-5010 x 5896 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

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David Willis

Acting chief Librarian Fort Frontenac Library CFB Kingston PO Box 1700 Station Forces Kingston, ON K7K7B4 Tel. (613) 541-5010 x 5829 Fax: (613) 541-4468 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

Robin Wombolt

Program Support Officer Defence Construction Canada PO Box 17000 STN Forces Kingston ON K7K 7B4 Tel. │ Tél. 613-541-5010 Ext 5208

Agencies n/a

CRG Consulting Consultants and Paul Knowlton, VP Specialists 325 – 301 Moodie Drive Ottawa, ON K2H 9C4 Tel.: 613-596-2910 Fax: 613-820-4718 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

François LeBlanc

Heritage Conservation Specialist Associate, CRG Consulting Tel.: 613-244-0519 E-mail | Courriel: [email protected]

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1.4 Description and history

. Location and extent of property and ownership(s). . Brief description of the physical character of the property. . Brief description of statutory designations, assessments and policy context. . Summary of the significant stages in the history of the property.

1.4.1 Base data, description, location and extent of property PRIN numbers B7478; B7479; B7480; B7481; B7482; B7485; B7486. Asset Name Fort Frontenac CFB Base CFB/ASU Kingston, Ontario General description, Fort Frontenac stands on the site of the original French fort which was location & erected by Louis Henri Baude, Count Frontenac and Governor of New geographical context France in 1673 and from which the present complex takes its name.

It consists of archaeological ruins of the original fort and two groups of buildings separated from each other by Ontario Street in Kingston Ontario. The principal group is a walled complex of seven historic buildings dating from the 1827 to 1941.

The buildings adjacent to the main fort consist of a gymnasium (Normandy Hall) built in the mid-1950s and one temporary structure, G Block, constructed in the 1940s. All buildings and structures are now within the corporate limits of the City of Kingston.

The site known as Fort Frontenac is prominently situated on the banks of the Cataraqui River at the city’s eastern entrance where the river drains into . The north and east sides of the site are on the Cataraqui River. Commercial and residential developments are to the west and south of the site.

The Realty Asset Development Plan vision of CFB Kingston (2010) is based on the development of seven distinct zones. Fort Frontenac is one of the three institutional/educational campuses and includes a school/educational facility, feeding facilities and residential accommodations.

GPS coordinates At the center of the fort: 44°14’01.45”N 76°28’40.45”W

Property Area Hectares: 20.79 Acres: 51.37

The property area comprises water lots.

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Figure 5 Fort Frontenac property limits (see full plan in PDF format)

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1.4.2 Ownership(s) Explain the On the British departure in 1870, the barracks was deeded to the ownership(s) Canadian government, which manned it with one of the first units of the newly created Canadian permanent force.

The property known as Fort Frontenac is owned by the Government of Canada. It is part of the properties owned by the Government of Canada and known as Canadian Forces Base Kingston (outlined in red in Figure 3, p.3); it is under the custodianship of the Department of National Defence.

Rights of way, n/a permissive access

1.4.3 Uses Past uses Military fort; barracks; prison; teaching facility; store house. Current uses Barracks; offices; mess hall; club house; heating plant.

1.4.4 Physical character of the property Geology, topography, Climate: drainage, and climate The climate is moderated by Lake Ontario with four distinct seasons and average winter temperature of –8° Celsius and an average summer temperature of 24° Celsius.

Geology: The geology is predominantly limestone with shallow soil overburden (approximately 1 to 2 metres) which creates challenges for surface water drainage and construction of underground services and building foundations.

Topography and drainage: The site is flat and covered in asphalt; the buildings and parking areas drain into the city’s municipal storm drainage system.

Vegetation incl. field Grass covered park areas with a few trees are located at the north and boundaries, east sides of the site next to the Cataraqui River. woodlands, habitat types

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1.4.5 Statutory designations & base data FHBRO designation & year of designation PRIN Name FHBRO Built Past use Current use B7478 Vincent Classified 1847 Barracks, Office, Bldg. FF01 (1990/03/01) prison barracks B7479 Courcelles Recognized 1941 Barracks Offices Bldg. FF02 ((1990/03/01) B7480 Lasalle Classified 1827 Barracks Mess hall Bldg. FF03 (1990/03/01) B7481 Bradstreet Recognized 1941 Barracks Offices and Bldg. FF04 (1990/03/01) barracks B7482 De Noyan Classified 1827 Barracks Barracks Bldg. FF05 (1990/03/01) B7485 Ross Recognized 1936 Teaching Offices Bldg. FF07 (1990/03/01) facility B7486 Heating plant Recognized 1936 Storehouse Offices & Bldg. FF08 (1990/03/01) Heating plant

HSMBC designation & year of designation Designated “National Historic Site of Canada” by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada (1923/05/25).

Refer to the full statement in Appendix 23.

Other designations & n/a year of designation

Figure 6 Fort Frontenac Main Gate on Ontario Street, Kingston, ON. Photo: F. LeBlanc

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1.4.6 Significant stages in the history of the property Historical chronology & major phases of (Refer to History Folder for a fuller account) development 1673: Count Frontenac erected a fort with La Salle as Commandant 1689: Fort destroyed by French following attack by 1695: Comte Frontenac orders the fort rebuilt 1758: The British under Colonel capture the fort 1783: Major Ross build barracks later called “Tête de pont” 1812: Fort deemed obsolete and demolished 1827: Lasalle Block and De Noyan Block constructed 1847: Vincent Block constructed 1871: The British pulled all troops out of British 1923: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada declares site as National Historic Site of Canada 1938: Original name restored to site 1936: Ross Block and Heating plant constructed 1941: Courcelles Block and Bradstreet Block constructed 1947: Canadian Land Forces Command and Staff College 1982: Archaeological research uncovers several sections of fort 1990: FHBRO designates 3 “Classified” and 4 “Recognized” buildings.

Fort Frontenac National Historic Site of Canada is an archaeological site located beneath the intersection of Ontario Street and Place d’Armes in Kingston, Ontario. The site extends under four stone buildings, constructed during the 1820s as part of the former Tête de Pont Barracks on the southern portion of ground previously occupied by the original French fort.

Fort Frontenac, located at the confluence of the Cataraqui River and Lake Ontario, was established in 1673 by the Governor of , the Comte de Frontenac, in order to control access to the fur laden lands of the Great Lakes Basin and the .

As the fur trade expanded west along the Great Lakes and into the Mississippi and valleys, the explorer René-Robert Cavalier de La Salle rebuilt the wooden fort into a stronger masonry building by reinforcing it with limestone walls and square bastions.

The fort became a strong French outpost against the British and the Iroquois, as several smaller buildings were built around it and a community of settlers established themselves in the region. During one of La Salle’s extended explorations of the interior in 1682, the fort fell into the hands of creditors who neglected its defences and, after an attack by the Iroquois, the French ordered the fort’s destruction in 1689.

However, in 1695, the Comte de Frontenac ordered the fort rebuilt, and it was occupied by a small garrison until 1745. In 1758, the British under Colonel John Bradstreet captured the fort and it remained in

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British possession until the end of the , when it was deemed obsolete and was gradually demolished. Archaeological research in 1982 uncovered several sections of antiquated limestone walls constructed by La Salle, including those sections of the north and west curtain walls that remain visible today.

Fort Frontenac was the first of four British military complexes erected in Kingston in the late 18th and early 19th century.

Since that time it has played a central role in Canadian military history. Troops have mustered within its walls for service in every Canadian campaign and, since 1948, it has been the centre for the professional education of army officers.

Its most important period dates from the time when it was a British garrison. During the British occupancy of the fort, Britain's defence strategy was premised on a belief that the harboured an ambition to invade British North America. All military structures erected in British North America during this period, including the buildings at Fort Frontenac, were, therefore, directly or indirectly tied into an overall plan to keep Upper and Lower Canada safe from an American attack.

When the town of York was captured by the Americans in 1813, Kingston became the army and navy headquarters of Upper Canada. In 1825, when Britain had reassessed its defence needs for the whole of British North America, it reaffirmed the town's important role in the defence of Upper and Lower Canada.

The construction of the Lasalle and De Noyan blocks and the present heating plant was in response to a campaign to improve the town's land defences.

As long as the British believed the Americans might yet wish to invade Canada, Kingston's geographical location remained too important to leave unprotected.

In times of crisis, therefore, the British remained ready to reinforce the garrison. It was for this reason that the military rushed to improve the town's defences, when the garrison came under threat in 1838. At that time it constructed new buildings in the Royal Artillery Park, reopened the naval dockyard, which had been closed in 1834 and positioned an advance battery on Fort Henry.

When the British pulled all troops out of British North America in 1871, the federal government, faced with the need to maintain the vacant British forts, authorized the formation of "A" and "B" Batteries Garrison Artillery, the first units of a permanent Canadian military force."A" Battery was stationed at the Tête de Pont Barracks. Reorganized in 1901 as the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery, the regiment remained at the Tête de Pont Barracks until leaving for active duty in 1939.

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The Boss Block, which was built in 1936, was originally known as the Royal Canadian Artillery School and Brigade Building. During the Second World War, the barracks became an important recruiting centre and dispatch depot.

To cope with the sudden increase in personal, the Courcelles and Bradstreet blocks were hurriedly erected in 1941.In 1947 the function of the complex was again changed and the Tête de Pont Barracks became the site of both the newly created Canadian Land Forces Command and Staff College, and the National Defence College.

1.4.7 Specialist surveys/studies Reference to 1. PWGSC – Cultural heritage Properties Program Framework: specialist surveys Phase II Heritage Baseline Study. March 2010. Project Number: R.022708.001. Team Leader: Sarah Green (see Appendix 30).

2. PWGSC Heritage Conservation Directorate 2012 survey of Lasalle and Bradstreet Blocks (see Appendix 31).

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1.5 Significance, values, features, condition, vulnerability

. Significance including FHBRO’s Heritage Character Statement or HSMBC’s Statement of Significance – explain why the property and each key feature is significant (e.g. its association with a national figure/event). . Brief description of features/elements within designated area – photographs or maps can be helpful. . For each key feature: o provide a brief description; o explain why it is significant in its own right; o explain its contribution to the outstanding interest of the designated property; and o assess its potential vulnerability and state what is required to retain the heritage qualities (significance) for which the property was designated.

1.5.1 Significance and values Summary of Heritage Why was Fort Frontenac designated a National Historic Site? Character Statement Fort Frontenac was designated a national historic site of Canada in 1923 because it was built in 1673 by the Comte de Frontenac and rebuilt in 1675 and 1695, and it was, for many years, the key to the West, the base of LaSalle’s explorations and a French outpost against the Iroquois and English.

In 1990, the Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office (FHBRO) designated the walled complex of seven buildings on this site as having national heritage significance because the curtain wall, the entrance gate and four of the seven buildings were built by the Royal engineers and they stand as very good examples of a British barracks dating from the first half of the 19th century. The remaining three buildings were built by the federal government between 1936 and 1941 in styles that are compatible with the surrounding structures.

The values attributed to this site are essentially archaeological, architectural, historical, site and setting.

For additional information concerning the national historic site designation refer to Appendix 23

For additional information concerning the FHBRO report on Fort Frontenac refer to Appendices 3 to 10.

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1.5.2 Values and Key Features

The key elements that contribute to the heritage character of Fort Frontenac include:

Key Feature 1: A Key Feature is the Fort’s location at the confluence of the Cataraqui Location River and Lake Ontario, which made it a geographically strategic French outpost for the fur trade and base for La Salle’s explorations. Values = Site and setting

Figure 7 Plan of Fort Frontenac 1758

Figure 8 Satellite view of location of Fort Frontenac (Google 2012) Site photos: See Appendix 22b

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Key Feature 2: Another Key Feature is the Fort’s footprint in relation to the former Tête Footprint of walls, de Pont Barracks and the surrounding city streets. gates and buildings

Values = Archaeological, Site and setting

Figure 9 Fort Frontenac - City of Kingston, 1984

Key Feature 3: Curtain wall

Values = Archaeological, Site and setting

The visibility of sections of the north, west and south curtain wall at the intersection of Ontario Street and Place D’Armes are also Key Features.

Photos: See Appendix 20b.

Condition & Vulnerability: The curtain wall is in good condition requiring only minor repairs and repointing.

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Key Feature 4: Archaeological remains

Value = Archaeological

All archaeological remains, both underground, undiscovered and discovered that relate to Fort Frontenac are Key Features.

Photos: See Appendix 21b.

Condition & Vulnerability: Most of the archaeological remains are still underground having been reburied following the 1938 and 2002-2004 archaeological campaigns. The exposed portions of fortification walls are well maintained either by the Base or the City of Kingston but they require regular maintenance work. Any future site or infrastructure work will need to mitigate the impact on the remains and follow proper heritage conservation protocols.

Key Feature 5: Vincent Block FF01

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The Administration Office/Vincent Block has been designated a Classified heritage building because of its strong historical associations, its architectural quality, and its contribution to the character of the military compound.

The heritage character of the Administration Office/Vincent Block is

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defined by the exterior façades and the setting.

Photos: See Appendix 11b. CHAP: See Appendix 11d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in good condition and in operational use. The roof will need to be replaced during the next 5 to 10 years. The stone walls and chimneys are in good condition requiring only regular maintenance. The doors and windows should be rehabilitated and their performance improved by the addition of weather-stripping and window frame insulation. The interior is regularly upgraded to meet operational use requirements.

For additional information concerning the FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 04.

Key Feature 6: Courcelles Block FF02

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The Courcelles Block was designated Recognized because of its environmental and local prominence, its architectural significance, and its historical associations.

The heritage character of the Courcelles Block resides in the building's form, its overall proportions, construction materials and architectural

details, surviving features of the interior layout, and its relationship to the site and setting.

Photos: See Appendix 12b. CHAP: See Appendix 12d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in good condition and in operational use. The interior is regularly upgraded to meet operational use requirements.

Additional information re: FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 05.

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Key Feature 7: Lasalle Block FF03

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The Lasalle Block was designated Classified for its historical associations, architectural importance, and environmental and local significance.

The heritage character of the Lasalle Block resides in the building’s form, overall proportions, construction materials, architectural details,

surviving interior layout and finishes, and relationship to its site and setting.

Photos: See Appendix 13b. CHAP: See Appendix 13d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in good condition and in operational use. The roof will need to be replaced during the next 5 to 10 years. The stone walls and chimneys are in good condition requiring only regular maintenance. The windows should be rehabilitated and their performance improved by the addition of weather-stripping and window frame insulation. The interior is regularly upgraded to meet operational use requirements. The building was recorded by PWGSC HCD specialists in 2012.

For additional information concerning the FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 06.

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Key Feature 8: Bradstreet Block FF04

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The Bradstreet Block was designated Recognized because of its environmental and local significance for Kingston, its architectural importance, and its historical associations.

The heritage character of the Bradstreet Block resides in the building's form, its overall proportions, construction materials, architectural

details, surviving interior layout and relationship to its site and setting.

Photos: See Appendix 14b CHAP: See Appendix 14d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in fair condition and in operational use. The roof will need to be replaced during the next 2 to 5 years. The exterior stucco is in good condition requiring only regular maintenance. The windows should be rehabilitated and their performance improved by the addition of weather-stripping and window frame insulation. A recent survey revealed that the building needs to be upgraded to meet contemporary National Building Code and National Fire Code requirements.

For additional information concerning the FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 07.

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Key Feature 9: De Noyan Block FF05

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The De Noyan Block was designated Classified for its historical associations, architectural importance, and environmental and local significance for Kingston.

The heritage character of the De Noyan block resides in the building’s form, its overall classically-inspired proportions, construction materials, architectural details, surviving interior layout and finishes, and

relationship to its site and setting.

Photos: See Appendix 15b CHAP: See Appendix 15d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in good condition and in operational use. The roof will need to be replaced during the next 5 to 10 years. The stone walls and chimneys are in good condition requiring only regular maintenance. The windows should be rehabilitated and their performance improved by the addition of weather-stripping and window frame insulation. The interior is regularly upgraded to meet operational use requirements.

For additional information concerning the FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 08.

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Key Feature 10: Ross Block FF07

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The Ross Block was designated Recognized because of its architectural importance, its environmental and local significance to Kingston, and its historical role.

The heritage character of the Ross Block resides in the building's form, its overall proportions, the quality of its construction materials and architectural details, surviving elements of the interior layout, and its relationship to the site and setting.

Photos: See Appendix 16b CHAP: See Appendix 16d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in good condition and in operational use.

For additional information concerning the FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 09.

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Key Feature 11: Heating Plant FF08

Values = Architectural, Historical Site & setting

The Heating Plant was designated Recognized because of its environmental and local significance, its architectural importance, and its historical associations.

The heritage character of the Heating Plant resides in the building's form, its overall proportions, construction materials, architectural details, surviving interior layout and its relationship to the site and setting.

Photos: See Appendix 17b CHAP: See Appendix 17d

Condition & Vulnerability: The building is in good condition and the risk to heritage is considered to be stable.

For additional information concerning the FHBRO designation refer to Appendix 10.

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1.6 Management issues

. Summary of the main management issues. . Conflict between conservation, economic objectives and operational uses. . Conflicts between the Heritage Management Plan and other existing agreed management plans. . Implications of compliance with safety or access legislation for the character and/or conservation interest. . Options for limited resource allocation.

There are four principal aspects to bear in mind for each management issue: . current management; . constraints/concerns/conflicts; . relationship of management to significance; and . future management opportunities.

1.6.1 Current management

CFB Kingston is an operational military base. This means that all buildings and structures must provide the greatest amount of support possible to the Canadian Forces operational mission while at the same time providing an appropriate quality of work life to soldiers and civilian employees.

Decisions concerning management issues at Fort Frontenac are ultimately the responsibility of the Base Commander.

Real property management is a shared responsibility between the Property Officer and other officers responsible for managing spaces in the buildings and for regular day to day maintenance. The Base Construction Engineering Office (BCEO) and Defence Construction Canada (DCC) are responsible for advising on, and implementing major repairs or capital improvements to infrastructure systems, buildings, grounds and some historically associated objects and collections (artillery, furniture etc.). The Capital Construction Program follows an established process (Appendix 25) as well as projects in excess of one million dollars (Appendix 26).

Mid to long-term construction work planning is compiled in the MRADP (Master Realty Assets Development Plan – Appendix 27) that is updated on a five-year basis. CFB Kingston also has prepared a Royal Military College of Canada Realty Asset Development Plan 2011 (Appendix 28).

The key management issues at Fort Frontenac are: 1. Conflict between different uses 2. Implications of compliance with safety and access legislation for the conservation of the character defining elements and 3. The lack of specialized heritage-trained personnel to plan and manage the conservation work concerning the relatively large number of heritage properties on the Base.

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1.6.2 Constraints/concerns/conflicts

Key management issue 1: Conflict between different uses

Current concerns  The buildings and the site are host to a broad variety of uses such as administration offices, kitchen facilities, conference and meeting rooms, military training courses, mess hall, social and public events, high level accommodations, parking etc. Some of these uses demand a quiet space while certain activities such as delivery of goods and produce or social events that take place in adjacent spaces tend to be noisy; some activities require large open rooms while others require smaller individual spaces and these all have to be accommodated in historic buildings that have been conceived as military barracks with an original interior layout that we are expected to preserve as much as possible for heritage reasons. Resolution of conflicts  An officer has been given the responsibility of coordinating the assignment of all spaces on site to mitigate as much as possible the impact of one use over another. Remaining concerns  The breath and variety of uses on this National Historic Site should be reviewed and limited to a manageable type and size that will not negatively impact the conservation of the historic resources.

Key management issue 2: Implications of compliance with safety and access legislation

Current concerns  During a recent safety and security inspection, some buildings on site have been found not to meet several contemporary requirements of the National Building Code and the National Fire Code. The resolution of these problems will necessitate important and costly modifications to the structure and envelope of these buildings; should this type of intervention not be done with full knowledge and understanding of the character defining elements, they could negatively and irreparably impact the heritage resources. Resolution of conflicts  The preparation of this Heritage Management Plan will inform the designers on what the character defining elements of each structure are and the FHBRO intervention review will offer further guidance. Remaining concerns  There is potential conflict between the tendency of the safety and security needs to be considered more important than the heritage conservation needs and the related work to be carried out in a way that meets Codes but negatively impact the heritage character defining elements.

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Key management issue 3: The lack of specialized heritage-trained personnel

Current concerns  CFB Kingston is one of the oldest Canadian military bases and Fort Frontenac is a National Historic Site that goes back to 1673, making it one of the very early national historic sites in Canada. There are a large number of historic structures and associated historic objects on this base but no one with professional heritage conservation training has been assigned the responsibility to oversee, plan and orchestrate interventions and uses that will ensure the best possible preservation of these historical resources.

Resolution of conflicts  Property Officers and BCEOs request intervention reviews by FHBO and call upon local consultants with heritage expertise to prepare plans and specifications for conservation work.

Remaining concerns The absence of a “Heritage Specialist” on site to coordinate all planning and conservation- related work makes for “every case is unique” type of interventions and does not favour the creation of a long-term vision and memory for the care and preservation of CFB Kingston and especially Fort Frontenac heritage resources.

1.6.3 Future management opportunities

. Forecasted major repair works to roofs and windows offer opportunities to enhance some of the architectural features by restoring them to earlier historical state. . Safety and security works offer opportunities to enhance architectural features. . Forecasted repairs and upgrade to site infrastructure offer opportunities to enrich the archaeological knowledge of the site.

1.6.4 Conservation questions – For information only

. Does this action conserve (or enhance) the significance of the designated property? . If not, does it have a neutral effect? . If not, can it be amended so that it has a neutral or conserving effect? . If not, will this jeopardise the significance of the feature or property or the conservation aims/objectives? (If the decision is taken to continue with the action despite its negative impact, set out the reasons and review the decision at HMP review

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1.7 Aims

. This section sets out the overall aims (broad policies) for managing the designated heritage property or National historic site, taking into account its various uses and interests, conservation of the designation status and the practical realities of normal management.

1.7.1 Mandatory requirements

AIM 1: To maintain the national historic site and the designated heritage buildings, preserve their character and repair the archaeological remains and heritage buildings in accordance with national heritage conservation standards and guidelines (Appendix 29).

AIM 2: To use management practices that are consistent with Aim 1 and which are designed to conserve the heritage qualities of the heritage buildings and the features of significance through appropriate and sustainable policies and practices.

1.7.2 Voluntary enhancements

. Fort Frontenac National Historic Site’s history and importance in the creation and development of our nation appears not to be well known in the military, in the public as well as in heritage organizations. There is an opportunity to improve the interpretation of this site through new historical and archaeological research, publication of historical and archaeological reports and interpretation on site and on the world wide web.

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1.8 Management objectives

. Objectives set out the detailed steps to be taken to implement the activities or projects and the HMP aims. . Complex properties may need more than one objective for any given feature/area/interest including general and specific objectives, whereas other plans may achieve good management with a few simple objectives. . Objectives should be SMART:  Specific (to the purpose of the HMP and to the feature/area/interest.  Measurable (to help monitor progress).  Agreed (with the relevant Agencies).  Realistic.  Timetabled (by reference to the detailed work programs).

Management objective 1: Historical understanding and significance

The historical information and features of significance will be consulted and taken into account before any significant work is undertaken within the site or any significant amendment is made to this plan.

Indicator: Minutes of planning and/or construction meetings that reflects discussion on this point.

Management objective 2: Buildings and structures - maintenance and repair methods

To maintain and repair the buildings and structures in a manner which conserves their character and features by: • following conservation principles of minimal intervention; • retaining architectural details when repairs are carried out and • matching traditional materials so far as possible.

Indicator: Triennial building condition report comments approvingly on this point.

Management objective 3: Buildings and structures - timing and monitoring

To carry out the works program set out in Appendices 11a to 16a.

To carry out with the Kingston Base architect a triennial inspection and review of the vulnerability and maintenance requirements set out in section 1.9 below and the Baseline Condition Report in Appendix 30.

Indicator: Inspection report published.

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Management objective 4: Historically associated objects

To retain the historically associated objects on the Base displaying them in rooms normally or occasionally open to the public, maintaining them in good repair and, where necessary, managing the environment of the rooms in which they are located.

Indicator: Inventory of historically significant objects up to date and accessible/searchable electronically.

Management objective 5: Disposal projects

To notify DRPM 3 of the proposed sale or disposal of any part of the site.

Indicator: DRPM 3 informed within established protocols.

1.9 Specific objectives related to condition

Objectives for each key feature or area: . Describe the feature, referring to supporting information. . Summarise condition. . Summarise current management practice. . Assess the potential vulnerability and state what is required to retain its heritage qualities (i.e. its significance). . Set objectives identifying the work necessary to meet mandatory requirements to maintain and preserve the outstanding land or maintain, repair and preserve the outstanding buildings including any work required to bring the quality of the designated property up to the required standard. . Clearly identify any works proposed that are over and above the requirements as voluntary enhancement. . Check each objective against the HMP sections on history, assessment of significance and management issues and with other objectives using the ‘conservation questions’ approach, to ensure cross-compliance. . Where necessary, set out the steps to be taken to resolve any potential conflict between objectives including a brief summary of the reasons for decisions.

Feature 1: Location

No specific objectives related to this feature at this time. CFB Kingston will continue to monitor development projects of the Lasalle Causeway to ensure that they do not adversely impact this feature.

Feature 2: Footprint of walls, gates, buildings

No specific objectives related to this feature at this time. CFB Kingston will continue to monitor

DND CFB Kingston | Heritage Management Plan – Fort Frontenac 32 development projects for infrastructure systems to ensure that they do not adversely impact this feature.

Feature 3: Curtain wall

Current condition: Good

Current management: Managed by CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Some localised repointing and stone replacement repairs required.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

Feature 4: Archaeological remains

Current condition: Good

Current management: Managed by CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Some localised repointing and stone replacement repairs required.

Feature 5: Vincent Block FF01

Current condition: Good

Current management: CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

Feature 6: Courcelles Block FF02

Current condition: Good

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Current management: CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

Feature 7: Lasalle Block FF03

Current condition: Fair

Current management: CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: Restore windows details to original design when rehabilitation project is approved.

Feature 8: Bradstreet Block FF04

Current condition: Good

Current management: CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable but could become significant should Code compliance projected works negatively impact on heritage character defining elements; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

Feature 9: De Noyan Block FF05

Current condition: Good

Current management: CFB Kingston

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Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

Feature 10: Ross Block FF07

Current condition: Good

Current management: CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

Feature 11: Heating Plant FF08

Current condition: Fair

Current management: CFB Kingston

Vulnerability and maintenance requirements: Risk to heritage considered to be stable; maintenance requirements are normal and on-going.

Voluntary enhancement: n/a

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1.10 Work programs (past & future)

. Summarize the significant work that has been carried on at the property and refer to FHBRO intervention reviews. . Proposed work program(s) for the first five-year plan period. . Longer term work program(s), e.g. over 25 years including both fairly firm proposals . Regular routine maintenance tasks, e.g. window painting cycle. . ‘One-off’ tasks, e.g. major repair to building,

1.10.1 Past work programs

Building/Structure/System Condition/Comments Storm drainage (major lines) The system is in poor condition and will require recapitalization work during the next 5 to 10 years. Sanitary sewer (major lines) The system is in poor condition and will require recapitalization work during the next 5 to 10 years. Water distribution (major lines) Condition not well documented. Steam distribution (major lines) In process of eliminating this system. Electrical distribution (major lines) In good condition; no major recapitalization work planned in the near future. Communication distribution Part of the system is new and part is in fair condition Natural gas service The system was recently upgraded and has a useful life estimated at 40 to 50 years.

Projects completed at FF03 Projects completed: See FF03 Folder – Projects Completed Install AC Unit for Griffin and St Lawrence Room K-K73-4601_41 Replace Floor K-K73-4601_42 Upgrade Heating System K-K73-4601_45 Upgrade Kitchen Ventilation K-K73-4601_46 New Servery K-K73-4601_47 Fire Safety Upgrades Stage1 K-K73-4601_50 Building Ventilation Upgrade L-K73-4601_44 Renovate Sun Room L-K73-4601_54 Replace Concrete 77557 L-K73-4601_55 Replace Sidewalk 77557

Projects completed at FF04 This building does not meet all requirements of the National Fire See FF04 Folder – Projects Completed Code and options for recapitalization are being studied at this time.

Projects completed: K-K73-6602_46 Upgrade Electrical Services K-K73-6602_47 Renovate for Quarters K-K73-6602_58 Masonry and Flat Roof Repairs K-K73-6602_59 Life Safety Upgrades K-K73-6602_60 Relocate Steam Main K-K74-6602_57 Lintel Repairs L-K73-6602_ 48 Renovations Phase 1 L-K73-6602_49 Renovations Phase 2 L-K73-6602_50 Renovate Bradstreet Block (SOA) L -K73-6602_51 Renovate Bradstreet Block (DCC) L-K73-6602_53lnstall New Wardrobe Rm215 L -K73-6602_55 Install Wardrobes L-K73-6602_61 Reconfigure Offices to Quarters41098 L-K73-6602_62 Paint Bradstreet Block_50458 Renovate Conference Room Parking area Recapitalization work planned during the next five years.

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1.10.2 Current/Proposed work program

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Project Prepare Heritage Management Plan x Quinquennial inspection of buildings incl. fire and life safety x audit by qualified persons

Building/Structure Capital Works Interim Maintenance & Appendices for Stabilization Heritage schedules & details Measures Restoration FF01 Vincent Block $404,914 $6,291 $57,406 Appendix 11a FF02 Courcelles Block $378,691 $9,506 $65,983 Appendix 12a FF03 Lasalle Block $713,460 $8,168 $52,428 Appendix 13a FF04 Bradstreet Block $771,504 $5,404 $101,150 Appendix 14a FF05 De Noyan Block $621,610 $14,293 $94,076 Appendix 15a FF07 Ross Block $398,219 $7,566 $52,228 Appendix 16a

1.10.3 Longer term work program - over 25 years (2012-2036)

2012 2017 2022 2027 2032 Projects 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

Considering that heritage conservation work requires specialized design and craftsmanship as well as specific materials for restoration work, the BCEO has set aside an annual budget of $2 million to top up maintenance or recapitalization work on its historic properties at CFB Kingston which includes Fort Frontenac. This amount is budgeted each year for the next 20 years.

1.10.4 Regular routine maintenance tasks

Project Spring Summer Autumn Winter For buildings maintenance see 1.9.2 above and the work programs in the Appendices Interior cleaning of buildings x x x x Inspection and maintenance of heating systems x Inspection and maintenance of cooling systems x Windows washing x Lawn & shrubbery x x x

1.10.5 New constructions

Project Year $(000) Relevance Use Category Prime to mission system New facility: There is a need for additional training facilities at Fort Frontenac but no option has yet been studied.

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1.11 Monitoring and review

. Statement of requirements in relation to monitoring, plan reviews and access by statutory Agencies.

Meetings, reviews Activity 1 First version: 2012 Review the Heritage Revision 1: 2017 Management Plan Revision 2: 2022

Activity 2 Revision currently underway. Review of the MRPDP Activity 3 By FHBRO for important interventions. Heritage intervention reviews

Items to be monitored Indicator Frequency Item 1 Minutes of planning and/or When significant work is The historical information and construction meetings that planned or undertaken features of significance will be reflects discussions on this consulted and taken into account point. before any significant work is undertaken within the site or any significant amendment is made to the HMP.

Item 2 Triennial building condition 3 years To maintain and repair the report comments on this buildings and structures in a point and is broadly manner which conserves their distributed on Base. character and features

Item 3 Inventory of historically 3 years To retain the historically significant objects up to date associated objects on the Base and accessible/searchable displaying them in rooms electronically. normally or occasionally open to the public, maintaining them in good repair and, where necessary, managing the environment of the rooms in which they are located.

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1.12 Acronyms

CF Canadian Forces CFB Canadian Forces Base CHAP Cultural Heritage Asset Profile DCC Defence Construction Canada DFRP The Directory of Federal Real Property DND Department of National Defence DRPM Directorate of Real Property Management DRPP Directorate Real Property Planning FHBRO Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office HMP Heritage Management Plan HSMBC Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada MRADP / Master Realty Assets Development Plan / Master Real Property Development MRPDP Plan NPMF National Property Management Framework NPMP National Portfolio Management Plan OAG Office of the Auditor General of Canada PC Parks Canada PWGSC Public Works and Government Services Canada RADP / RPDP Real Asset Development Plan / Real Property Development Plan SAMP Site Asset Management Plan SOA Standing Offer Agreement

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1.13 Approvals

This Heritage Management Plan has been reviewed and approved:

By: Date:

Name: Title: Base Commander

By: Date:

Name: Title: ADM(IE) (DRPM3)

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Appendices

Press Ctrl Key + Left mouse click to link to the following appendices

General

Appendix 1 – Glossary Appendix 2 – Useful contacts & Advisory Agencies

FHBRO Appendix 3 – FHBRO Building Report 89-40 – Fort Frontenac (PDF) Appendix 4 – FHBRO HCS FF01 Vincent Block (PDF) Appendix 5 – FHBRO HCS FF02 Courcelles Block (PDF) Appendix 6 – FHBRO HCS FF03 Lasalle Block (PDF) Appendix 7 – FHBRO HCS FF04 Bradstreet Block (PDF) Appendix 8 – FHBRO HCS FF05 De Noyan Block (PDF) Appendix 9 – FHBRO HCS FF07 Ross Block (PDF) Appendix 10 – FHBRO HCS FF08 Heating Plant (PDF)

FF01 Vincent Block Appendix 11a – FF01 Vincent Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 11b – FF01 Vincent Block Photos Appendix 11c – FF01 Vincent Block Folder Appendix 11d – FF01 Vincent Block CHAP

FF02 Courcelles Block Appendix 12a – FF02 Courcelles Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 12b – FF02 Courcelles Block Photos Appendix 12c – FF02 Courcelles Block Folder Appendix 12d – FF02 Courcelles Block CHAP

FF03 Lasalle Block Appendix 13a – FF03 Lasalle Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 13b – FF03 Lasalle Block Photos Appendix 13c – FF03 Lasalle Block Folder Appendix 13d – FF03 Lasalle Block CHAP

FF04 Bradstreet Block Appendix 14a – FF04 Bradstreet Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 14b – FF04 Bradstreet Block Photos Appendix 14c – FF04 Bradstreet Block Folder Appendix 14d – FF04 Bradstreet Block CHAP

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FF05 De Noyan Block Appendix 15a – FF05 De Noyan Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 15b – FF05 De Noyan Block Photos Appendix 15c – FF05 De Noyan Block Folder Appendix 15d – FF05 De Noyan Block CHAP

FF07 Ross Block Appendix 16a – FF07 Ross Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 16b – FF07 Ross Block Photos Appendix 16c – FF07 Ross Block Folder Appendix 16d – FF07 Ross Block CHAP

FF08 Heating Plant Appendix 17a – FF08 Heating Plant Work Program (PDF) Appendix 17b – FF08 Heating Plant Photos Appendix 17c – FF08 Heating Plant Folder Appendix 17d – FF08 Heating Plant CHAP

Normandy Block Appendix 18a – Normandy Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 18b – Normandy Block Photos

G Block Appendix 19a – G Block Work Program (PDF) Appendix 19b – G Block Photos

Gates and Walls Appendix 20a – Gates and Walls Work Program (PDF) Appendix 20b – Gates and Walls Photos

Archaeological Remains Appendix 21a – Archaeological Remains Work Program (PDF) Appendix 21b – Archaeological remains Photos

Site Work Appendix 22a – Site Work Program Appendix 22b – Site Photos Appendix 22c – Site Historical Maps & Illustrations (PDF) Appendix 22d – Site Plans

Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada Appendix 23 – HSMBC Fort Frontenac National Historic Site

History Appendix 24 – Fort Frontenac History Folder

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Miscellaneous Appendix 25 – Prioritization-Readiness-Affordability-Investment Process (PDF) Appendix 26 – Submission Approval Process (PDF) Appendix 27 – CFB Kingston MRADP / MRPDP (PDF) Appendix 28 – RMC Kingston RADP / RPDP 2011 (PDF) Appendix 29 – Parks Canada Standards & Guidelines 2011_en (PDF) Appendix 30 – Phase II Heritage Baseline Study 2010 (PDF) Appendix 31 – FF03 & FF04 2012 Survey

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