Incidence of Unusual Foreign Body in the Gizzard of an Indian Peafowl ( Pavo Cristatus )

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CASE REPORT Incidence of Unusual Foreign Body in the Gizzard of an Indian Peafowl ( Pavo cristatus )

Chittora R.K.1*, Jadhav A.S.2 and Upreti N.C.3

1Senior Veterinary Trainer, 2Veterinary Field Officer, 3Chief Operating officer, Animal Rahat, Post Box No-30, Solapur-416416, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract A peafowl (Pavo cristatus ) was presented to Animal Rahat, Solapur *Corresponding Author: team by forest department for post-mortem examination after death of bird.

Chittora RK, Post mortem was done by using standard protocol under the day light. After Email: [email protected] going through all visceral organs, gizzard was separated out. In cross section of gizzard, a button of hard plastic was observed along with freshly Received: 11/05/2020 fed feed material viz. sorghum seed, seed of berry and babool fruits along Accepted: 26/05/2020 with small size of rocks etc. This case describes presence of unusual foreign body of button shaped, hard plastic material inside the gizzard of Indian pea fowl.

Key words : Indian peafowl, Foreign body, Gizzard, Post mortem. 1. Introduction 2. Case History and Diagnosis The Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus ) belong to A dead wild peafowl bird was presented to family Phasianidae (commonly known as pheasants) Animal Rahat, Solapur team for post-mortem and order Galliformes (Rajeshkumar et al., 2011; examination by forest department of Solapur district, Kushwaha et al., 2016). The Indian Peafowl is the Maharashtra. Post-mortem was conducted as per national bird of India, declared in 1963 (Dookia et al., standard protocol under the day light. After thorough 2015; Kushwaha et al., 2016), and is common bird and examination of visceral organs, alimentary tract was widely distributed in the Indian Subcontinent separated out. When the gizzard was cut open, there (Rajeshkumar et al., 2011). Peafowl lives in scrub was presence of freshly consumed sorghum grains, jungles and forest edges and showing affinity to moist, babool pods and seeds, berry seed, gastroliths etc. dry deciduous and semiarid biomes. It is also found in Along with these, it was observed that a big size of hard agricultural fields, along streams with good vegetation plastic button shaped material of black colour was and close to human habitations in a semi-feral condition present. The surface of button had number of small (Dookia et al., 2015). holes. There were no sharp edges. The mucous The Indian Peafowl are omnivorous and eat membrane of the gizzard appeared normal as there was seeds, insects, fruits, small mammals and reptiles. no change in the gross appearance or no haemorrhages Around cultivated areas, peafowl feed on a wide range in the gizzard due to presence of this size of hard of crops such as groundnut, tomato, paddy, bajra, plastic button. This report describes the presence of an chilly, garden plants and even bananas (Dookia et al., unusual foreign body inside the gizzard without 2015). As peafowl are omnivorous in nature and lives affecting the gizzard functions. in area close to human habitations, they may eat such inanimate materials along with food. The gizzard is hind part of the stomach and is a disk shaped and highly muscular especially modified for grinding of food. The gizzard has a thick muscular wall and may contain small stones, or gastroliths, that help in the mechanical breakdown of seeds and other foods. In this sense, the gizzard is comparable to the teeth of other animals. One of the gizzard's two orifices receives ingesta from the glandular stomach i.e. proventriculus and the other, empties into the duodenum. Gizzard also has number of functions such as mechanical breakdown of feed, chemical Fig 1: Presence of hard plastic button in gizzard degradation of nutrient and regulation of feed flow and responds rapidly to changes in the coarseness of the 3. Discussion diet (Svihus, 2011). Different types of foreign bodies such as nails, blades, needle, wooden splinters, sticks, coins and

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2020 | Volume 08 | Issue 02 | Pages 33-34 © 2020 Jakraya Chittora et al...Incidence of Unusual Foreign Body in the Gizzard of an Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) wires have been reported in the digestive tract of birds. deaths due to obstructive vegetable sticks and thorns in Aruljothi et al. (2007) reported stainless steel blades in green pigeon and white peacock. Adamcak et al. (2000) gizzard of broiler chicken durin g routine post -mortem reported string of 7 cm long in proximal part of large of bird for training purpose. intestine. Hayati et al . (2011), Wells (1984) and Adamcak et al. (2000) reported foreign bodies in the crop, proventriculus, and gizzard . Wagner (2005) reported linear foreign bodies like string can extend into intestines. Foreign body ingestion in birds may be the result of their curious nature or their compulsive pumping for food (Hayati et al ., 2011). Environmental stressors such as sudden placement in unfamiliar surroundings housing may also result in foreign body ingestion (Morshita, 1999). Musa et al. (2011) reported nails of various Fig 2: Presence of sorghum seed, berry seed, sizes, bolts and nuts, sharp objects like pieces of wood, gastroliths, hard plastic button palm kennel shells and wires of various sizes are the major causes of traumatic ventriculitis. Shrivastav et al. Galav et al. (2010) reported coin in the digestive (1992) also have reported traumatic ventriculitis in a system of peafowl which was lodged in between peacock. isthmus and proventriculus wall which led to myentric plexus dysfunction leading to reduced GIT motility and 4. Conclusion the intestinal lumen devoid of feed contents. Hayati et Present study describes presence of foreign body al. (2011) reported a needle in proventricu lus of i.e. hard plastic button in gizzard of an Indian peafowl common mynah which was removed surgically by during post-mortem without affecting normal function . ventriculotomy. Rao and Acharjyo (1990) reported

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