Excerptfrom: A Tropical GardenFlora,ed. G. W. Staplesand D. R. Herbst,2005.

MALPIGHIACEAE the malpighiafamily By W. R. Anderson

'I th3n rees,shnrbs, or percnnial vitres,hairs usu attachedin middle. Lvs usrr The lr{alpighiaceaecomprise about 70 gcnera atrd nt''re oppositc, sirnple, ofien bcaring largc glands on peti or unCersideof 1,250 speciesiistributed pantropicallv bu't far more rufler0us (or is €as)- blade,or borh; bladcsusu entirc lobcd or toothed); stipulesusu;rrcs- and .liuersein the than the Old. Thc ianilv ent. I:l'vs slightlv ro stronglv bilatcrallv svmmcrrical, usu biserrr:):sep to recognize in flowcr, thanks to tl.recharacteristic clarvedpetalsi i, rvithout gl:urdsor bearing ( I )2 giands on outer side;pet 5, free,basc the 1".!. cahx glands are diagnostic when present. btl'1Il clarved,largcst "ilag'pet ofien different fiom others; stam usu 10 (or '* speciesor gencra lack thcm. The lruits are more diversetn'ur less); or';rry superior, usu 3-cellcd, cells ficc or joined, ovule 1 pcr cell, flowers but, if the ,i"tpf.' tl'e famil)''t sn'les usu 1 pcr cell or less. Frt cln' or fleshr', samara-, nut-, or drupe- "..^"pp"ti,. ""a on tn' .suggestedby the prescnceof ,tip,rl.r, multicellular glands 1ikc,dchisccnt ur indehisccnt. huts pctiole or blade (often b,tt ,,ot ,ilr""y', present), and I 'celled MALPIGHIACEAE379

middlc. fhe ,rrachedar the basic referenceon the tl{onomy of At leasr eight genera and 1 I speciesare frequently cultivated js i16\lalpighi-rce.re still rhe Cerman-languagerrcarmeni $ fir- in home gardens in Hawai'i; many additional raxa are fbund in .,n in th. 1i)10s, Das Pflanzenreich.'"6'A modern floristic treat- iocal botanical gardens.-u' rh. LesserAntilles is also useful lor nrany *fn, ior cultivated l,lalPighiaceac'"'

Key to

L l)lant.swith flrvs (2). 1. Plantswith fit (9). l(1) Sn'leslor2(l). 2. Snlcs3 (6). "f)rg' 3Q, I'crhrek Jcn'eli.ilk1. largesr pcr lemon l.ellorvwith lighr pink fringe, other 4 pet light pink ro u,hite; I stamfil mrLchLonger than orher 9 benghalensis 3. Pet.qlabrous, ali yellow; fil +similar in lensth or a.lternating, 5 longer, 5 shorter (4). 413). Infl xillaru; cal bearing 8 or more large glands on back; anth opening lengthwise; strles short, stout, straight arnteniata 4. Infl terminal; cal without glands or bearing lew small glands on back; anth opening by apical porest sryle(s)long, slender.cuned (5).

ie). Lvs oppositc; usu onlv I stvle developed Tris t eI lat ei a aust ra la i a e t. Lvs alternate; sryles 2 . . Acridocarpw natalitius 6(2). \.ines.. ...stigmaphylton o. or trees(7). 7(6). Per pink, pink-ancl-rvhite,or pale purple . Pet ycilow or vellos'and-red (8).

s(7). (.al u,ithout sland.s; ro 10'rall; lfblade bearing 2 marginal glands near base ...... Galphbniagracilis 8, (,al bearinq10 glandson back;trce ro 30' tall; lf bladewithour glands . rrcsifolia 9il). lirt a flcshr'',indehiscenr drupe or berrv (10). ,). Fn dn, dehiscenr(12). I0(9), Infl terninal; lf bladewithout giands:mature frr pllou' . Byrsonima crasifolia 10. Infl uillaq'; if bladeunderside usu bearingglands; marure fir red (11). 1r(10),Flus bornesinglv, in pairs,or in umbelsor densecorymbs; frt glabrous;swles 3 . . Malpighia 11, Flrvsborne in elongatedracemcsr Frt densell'silkv-hairy; srylcs 2 . Bunchosia ameniaca I2(9). Frr bre,rkingaparr inro unwingedsegnenrs . . gracilis 12. Frr brcakineap:ur into winged samaras(13) 13(i lt. Sanrara1-winged (14). 13. Samarebearing 3-10 wingsor u,ingletson sides(15). 14(t3). Lvs opposite;r,ines; samaras up to 3 per frr; flrvsborne in umbels,corymbs, or crowdedracemes ca1bearing 8 larqeglands on backof1t sep,fifih sepnithout glands;styles 3 . . . . . 11. Lvsaltcrnatei erecr or climbing shrubs;samaras I or 2 per lrt; flws borne in elongatedracemes; cal bearing feu'small glands on back; sti.les 2 . . . . . A cri doc arp us nat a lit i rc 15(13). Samarabcaring 8 10 small winglets up to 0.2" long Tri ste lht ei a du tra la si ae 15 samarabearing 3 largewings 0.8 2" long . . . .

GALPHf Mf A Cavanilles(anagram of Malpighia) Bartling fMisapplied:G. glauca,Thryallx Subshrubs. shrubs,or occasionallytreeLers. I-vs Lrsrrbearing glands on gIdU CA], GALPHIMIA, SPRAY-OF-GOI-D, -dueor perj, Infl terminal. Flw cal glandsup to 5 or absent;pet ycl- Evcrgreenshrub 3-10' tall. Lf peti 0.2-0.6" long; bladeselliptic or '0wor yellow-ard-red, tenrire (miirtely tooth.d)l styles3, slender, ovate,1 2.3" Iong, bearing2 marginalglands near basc. Infl racemosej wirh minute apicalstigmas. Frt breakingaparr inro J dry, 10-25-flud. Flw sep without glands; flag pet with longer claw; pet "llln"p:a segmentsu.ith thin, Ietaine.l"-'wrnged brittle walls. Seed1 pcr scgmenr,usu deciduous before frt reachesmaturicy; fil persistent, red in age; ovarv insiie glabrous.Frt segmentsca 0.2" long. ...Calphiniacomprise" ahorrt 11 speciesprincipally from Mex- This spccies,nadve ro Mexico, has often been misidentified and north., n Cenrral America, qn-erica.i" with one narive to South as G. glauca Cavanilles, rvhich has never been cultivated in Onc sfccies is culrivated 'rrhrub pantropically as an ornamen, Hawai'i. Grown pantropically as an ornamenral, G. gntcilis is The name Thryallis has often -'*rrrls been incorrectly applied corrmon here. In N{exicn, where it is known as RAMA-DE-oRo g-enus.buc ir i: nomenclaturally'conserved fbr a different ("spray ofgold") and rnwre-oE-oRo ("rain ofgold"), the leaves scnus of,\lelpighiaccac narive to ccntral and southern Brazrl. are used medicinallv and the branches and srems For kindling. 380 DTCOTS

Hiptage is native flom and thro,,^L Southcast and southern China to T"iru.n.n,l-',i" I)hilippines. It is widely cultivated in tropical .ut "'' "nd gardens fbr irs large, showl'flowers and glossy l."t.r. ^.-,.tjil':rtl Trioy,terysjamaicensis Linnaeus as a svnonym, "' Lu, .a the iruit of Triopterys(a of the West Indies) sup.'p6.;lffl"L,t-,",,)l -'t \.- t ' rcsembles thar ol Hiptage rhe fivo genera are not at au closel)' related. "1' Hiptage is a large, rvoody, shrublike with the 6 growth of Borgainuiille,t In. the landscape .habit ; T#'[! trirnmed as a shrub or allowed to clamber on a lcnce or 'fhe treilis. flowe rs are highlv-scented,which makes rhe uin" d.rirrbl, " addition to a gard.enoffragrancc. To contain its rir. to pro- "nd more new growrh and flo*'ering. hiptage should be scverelu pruned at least once a year. It should be grown in fr,ll suu,l encouragc rnirximum blossoming and is usually propagaredbv 4-5" long semiwoody cLrttings. Fliptage has become a seriotLspcsr in rvet forcsrsrn N,tauritius and threatens to do the same on Kaua'i, where a popLrlationhu esca;redfrorn cultivation and become established in the wild. Biologists :rrc attempting to cradicate this befbrer spreadsany farther. Gardeners should take care that their garden do not spread into nearbl' forested arcas.

MALPIGHIA Linnaeus (honors M. i\'Ialpighi,1618-1694, pioneer ltalian anatomist) Galphimia g'acilis Shrubsor treelets.Lf peti rvithout glands;blade undersidc usu bearurg elands.Infl aillary, of singleor peiredflws, umbeis. or dense conmbs. Fl* ,.p ,o-" (oi ail) bearing glands on back; pet pink, pinh-md- -l-his white, or pale purple; anrh alike or 2 larger:swles 3, apcxrounded, loosclv growine, ever-bloorring, cvcrgreen shrub with truncate,or hooked, stigma internal or subterminal.Frt a f'leshvred blightlv colored f-lorversis srou'n as a massedplanting, bounci- drupe (or ), glabrous,stones up to 3, unitcd or freebut rctain:C ary c,r'lbLuidation planting, or unrrimmcd hedge. The spravs of in common flesh. flos,ersare sorllctinlesused in leis.''' Sprav-of-goldrequlres con- Abour 45 speciesol Malpiglri.t aredistributed throughout the stant moisture in the qarden artrl does bcsr in full sun and rea- American tropics and subtropics,mostly in the \\'est Indies. sonably fertile, u'ell-draincdsoil a pH of 5.i 6.1. lt has "vith Mexico, and Central America. Some rnembers prod,rce edibie poor salttolerance and mev necd treatmentfor spidermites dur- fiuit or make fine ornamentals, and three speciesarc likelr to be ing hot rveather. Light pruning is necessarvto shape tl-replant encountered in Ha*'ai'i's gardens. and to mainrain det-rse,bushy grol.th. Spray-of-gold is usuaily propagatedin Hawai'i bv 2-3" long semiwoody cuttings and can also L,esrartcd from iresh seedwhen it is available. Linn:reus,sINcAPoRI- Shrub 1-6 tall. l.vs hollylike; bladeseiliptic or circular,ll l I i'lon5 (ik. lobes ending in stout'stln HIPTAGE J. Gaertrrer (from hiptatmi, to fly, alluding tcr margins of some or all deeply undulate, or ptnk- thc u,inged fruit) point. Flu,ssingle or paired;cal bearing6 10 glands;pet pink and-ruhiter2 sti- *'iih longcr,thickerf"il and lirger anih thanrest; snlt \\'oodv vinesor shrubs.Ll'blade bast bering 2 largermarginal glands, apexesthooked, 2 lo.ger Jrd,hi.k.t than thtrJ. Fn 0.1-0 6" O, Led' severaLsmaller glands toward apex. Flw cal usu with I largi gland out- orangc. sidebenvccn 2 sep,running down onto pcdicel;pet bacls usu densely silln-hairyl stam with I fil much longer thm other 9, anth dchiscing Singapore-holly is native to Cr.rba,Hispaniola, Puerto Rt'o' lcnsthn,ise;sn4e I, long, cuned, other 2 srylesaborted, stignra smal1, and the LesserAntilles and is cultivatedas a curiosin'rnJ orna- slightlvinternrl. Frt breakingapart into 3 smras, each3-winged. mentiJ in rvarm regions and in greenhouses.]n naturc the pilnts An Old Vorld ger.rusof some 20 species,Hiprage is distrib- grow on exposeclrocks and in dry thickets and ios-elevattott rurcclfrom lndia tl-rroush to J'aiwan and the icr.rb furests, and under such conditions thev renrain small' lnr\ Philiooines. ;\bout haliof thesc taxa arc fiom lndia and were rarell' exceeding 3' in height, and are often Proslrate r' ,...n,]u ra-xonomicalh'revised. C)ne speciesis cultivated as an species(and a 6* others) ur-t,rs.,alin having lalsclt dentarc "ie ar ornamentaL. lear.esrvith sharp bnstles (actually large, 1-celled hairs) q' epcx oi .aeh lobc; most Malpighiac-eae have enrirc. elliptlc \J ieaves.The common name is mislcading, since ,4{ .t)i(tge\iL Hiptage benghalensis (Linnaeus)Kurz. H. madablotaJ. fSvn.: neither a holly nor a native ofSingapore.-t' Gaertner; M isapplicd: Tr i op terys j ama tc e ns i:'), u rr rcu In our gardens, Singapore-hollv is often grown as ';1lle\'er- Woody vine,somctimes shrublike . Lf peti0.3 0.4" long;blades eliip- green,3-4itall tri--"ih.dg.,,r- bord., pl"niing. It alsom*es tic or narrorvlvovate, J 7.5" long. apex tapering.Infl a 6-25-flwd l.r attractite potted or bonsai, with the drrk erc.n, holl)'- ,usu adllary, occasiorallvterminal. Flws l " O or more; per like leavespr.r.nr.d in sharp contrast to the pale pink flott'ets fringed,flag pet lemon 1'ellowwith light pink fringes, other 4 light gar- that appeaier.ery fi\'o or threc months. tt makes a finc rock pink to w'hite.Samara wirh centralupper w'ing 1.2-2" long, J lower ,1.u pl"n, and is often used rn containers.tt' Thc tuLtivat $.ings0.8-1" lonr. 'Prortr"t"' is an interesting and attractive ground col-er or hxn9' MALPIGHIACEAE381

Hawai'i quicklv declined. Now acerola is grown here solely for irome consumption. Severalgood cultivarshave been developed that can produce three heary crops of fruit each year, such as 'Florida Su'eet', popular for its sweet fruit that is eaten freshl in addition, aceroiacan be used in juices, jellies. presenes, desserts, and toppir-rgs.'-t"''' In the Jarrdscape,acerola can be used as a shade trec or lncot- porated into foundation plantings or in other situations whcrc a smail tree or large shrub is needed. fhc fallen fruir can create a /-{ mess if the tree overhangsa sider.valkor patio. C)ptimal growing ,'1.,"1) conditions in Hawai'i include a hot, dry climate, well-drained \ r.\.ltl soil w'ith consistenrand regular irrigation, lertilization at quarter- \:_)/' ly interwalswith l0-30-10 plant foocl, and careful prunine to If lobepoinrs shape the tree. Acerola is adaptabie to container culture and makcs an attractive lruiting container plant or bonsai on a sunn\'- lanai. Pl;rntsare propagated b,vair la,versor 3-4" long semilvoody cuttings ofsuperior cultivars (though cr.rttingscan be dilficult to root); seed is rarelv r-rscdbccausc of poor gcrmination and wide variation in offspring qualiw. Indeed, most lruit does not pro- duce fullv developed secdsand appearsto develop apomicticallv. Improved cultivars are availabielrorn lruit tree nurseries.

Malpighiaglabra Linnaeus[S,vn.: M punicifoliaLinnaeus], ESCOBILLO I, Shrub or treelet J 20' tall. Lf blades eiliptic or ovatc, I -1.7" long, entire, apex usu short- to long-tapering, occasionally acute. lnfl an umbel or corvmb, stalk 0.1 0.6( l)" long. Flws (3 )4 8; cal bcaring 6 MaQighin coccigera giands; pct pink or pale puLplc: fil talike in thiclcress; sryles tstraight, parallel or divergent distally, apex truncate. Frt 0.J-0.5" 0), cdiblc, acidic.

frorn Texas Mexico, insbasket plant in Hawai'i; other, varicqated and rveeping cul- Escobillo is nativc southern through rhe rivarsare also available, Greater Antillcs, and Central America to north\\'estern South "Barbados-cherry" Singapore-hollfis at its best in rich, u'cll-drainecl, clarnp soil America. In Hawai'i, has been used as a iniull sun, alrhough its natural habitat suggcststhat it can thrivc common name for this species,"'t' but d-ris name is properlv frc>n which underhot,drv conditions in stonv, pooLsoils. It is listed assuit- applietl onlv rc M. emttrginata, M glabra s sot'ne- wirh when its ablelbr xeriscapeuse in southern Florida. t- Tl-re plant sl-rould rirnes distinguished onlv clifficultv, cspecially instead of tapering at [he f,pex.Escobiilo bepnrncd afrer flowcring to shape it and to cncourage ne\l' leavesare broadly acute but has never growth,and it should be fid at rwo-month inten als with gener- is much planted as an ornamental apparently been algardcnfertilizcr. Pestsinclude nematodesand a variery ofsuck- cultivated for its edible fruit. Cultivation and propagation are inginsects such as scales,rnealybugs, and mites, rvhich may be similar to M. emarginata. controlledwith suitable chemical spravs.Sineapore-holly is usu- allvpropagated by 2-3" semiu.oody curtings or bv seed. STf GMAPHYLLON Adr. Jussieu(Gk. stigma,stigma + pfullon,, alluding to the leaflike flaps bolnc at the apex of srylesin many species) Malpighiaemarginata A. P. cleCandolle fMisapplied: the M ghbra, M. punictfolia), ACERoLA,BARaADos-cHL.RRv Wood;r or herbaceousvines. l-f peti apex usu with 2 glands;bLades Jnrtrbor treeler6-20' tall. Lf bladeselliptic, ovare, or obovarc,1-2.7" entireor lobed,Infl simpleor usucompound, of umbels,corymbs. or l0ng,apex usu rounded or obtuse md often slightlv notched. Infl a crowdedracemes. Flw sep:4 biglandulr, I wirhout glands;pet bright l-4Jlwdumbel, sessile or stalk0.1(-0.2)" long. Flw calbearing 6-10 yellow; sramlii usu uncqual,anth usu unequal,4 otien reduccdor ster- glands; ilel styles3, apex truncate, hooked, or bearing leaflike appendage, ptr pink or l-urFlrsh;2 stam with notably thicker fil; styles Qvergentfrom basc,2 hou cd ourwardand then ascending,apex square stigma internal. Frt breaking into 3 smaras, each l-winged. otslightiv hooked.Frt 0.7 l' A. rcd, fleshedible, tart. There are about 100 speciesofSrzgrzaphyl/on, all native tc, the Acerola is rvidcly cultivated f.r its edible fiuit, one of the American tropics and subtropics. The only recent taxonomlc richest natura.lsources of vitamin C. The specicsis now fbund study coversN{iddle America and the West Indies.:'Two species fionr Mexico throush Central America ,h. \!'cst lnclics to are cultivated in Harvai'i, neitfrer abundantly. northerrt ".ri South America, but it is probably not native rhrough- 0lrt ih present rangc becausc it has been rcadill- naturalized (A. ttttough Stigmaphyllon floribundum P. de Candollc) dispersal b,v fruit-eating birds. Acerola was apparently ttlst C. E. Anderson iMisapplied: S. litorale), oRcHID vIN!, introduccd to the Hawaiian Islands about 1946 by the I1awaiian Vine; old stcmswoody. Lfpeti 0.2-0.8" long; bladeselliptic to tcrrcu- Sugar Planters' Association.'-' ltr, 1.4 long, undersideharry at firsr, glabrouslater, margins with- uuriug 7" the I950s, acerola was considered as a commercial out cilia, r'enationpinnate. Infl bran ending in crowded racemesor ctopfcrr Flawai'i; juice frorr thc fruit $.as to be processedas a corymbs,usu 20-50-f1wd,pcdicels 0.3-0.9'' long,slcnder. Fln's 1 1.3" natural source of ascorbic acid, especiallvfbr baby food.:.rrqr (1; style apex bearingshort spur. Samara0.8 1.4" x 0.25-0.5", uoon, though, rhe synrherisof inexper-rsivevitarnin C dimin- smooth or sometinressides spurred ol clestcd,u'ing bearingtooth at 'she.l thc needlbr nJrural5our(cs..ind thc.t.(rul.r in(lu\rrv ir) baseof uppcrrnargin. 382 DICOTS

dutffalasiaehas a broad natural distribullsn Stigmaplryllonfloribunduru is nativc to Puerto Rico and two 7'ri*ellateia 6rn* of the Virgin islancls.Although the individual florvers are not as Thailand and the south to , Ncrv GLr;;' Iarse as rn S. ciliatum, the compound inflorescenceof this species and New Calcd,'nia. bears so rnany flowers that it is extremely 5[61'1' when in bloom. In Hawai'i, bagnit is best grown in low-elevation {arden5jn It is the more comtlon speciescultivated in Hawai'i and has *,ell,drained soil. ]t has been.sLrggestedas a somer,har r.y21.,_ suitablc fbr xeriscape use in been mistaken lor S. littorale Adr. Jussieu, a speciesrhat is not thrifty plant p.l!"p, Harvai'i. J|r1, cultivated here. evergrecn,ever-blooming climber with 20' long b,"n.h., rh,iu., Orchid vine mav climb fbr 20' along a wall or up a fence. It in full sun and florvers more profusel,v_undersuch .ondi,ionr, prefers sunny Iocations n'ith constant moisture but ma,v also but it tolerates light shade for part oi dre-da,v.In our gardens, in partial shade. In Hawai'i it flowers almost contlnuous- bagnit may nvine up a fence or drapc itseif ovet ind thrive " "'"11,-t-h. ir r, 2-3' high ground cover'. lv throughout thc ye:rr. A specirren traincd as a potted Plant on arrractive as a mounding, plant fiom time to time a lanai makcs a colorftil addition. Aphids are sometimes a Prob- shoulcl be pruned lightlv as ncccssan.t0 lcn on young growth and can be controlled *'ith any mild gen- encourage new gro\\'th and continuous fiou'cring, and 11 cral-purposc garden insecticide. Propagation is usuallv from 3" responds well to regular applicatior-Lsof fertilizcr. Propagationis Iong .erniu,,uJrcurrinq.. by reedor'2 3" long 'emiwoodv tttttinq..

Other StigmaPhYllon Other Malpighiaceae less Stigmaphyllon ciliatum (Lamarck) Adr. Jussicu, tsnAZrLtAN The following Malpighiaceaespecies ale cornr)on in llawai'i. cor.D \.INE, is a slender vinc native fiom Belize around the natalitius Adr. Jussieu, native ro sourhefn Caribbcan and Atlar-rtic coast of Central and South America to , is an erect or climbing shrub immediatelv clistinguished Uruguav, rvhere it is usuallv fbuncl in lowlands at or ncirr the by its ahernate leaves (rare in the famiiy); large, long-stalked coast. The ovate leaF blades havc rounded, overlapping basal florvers borne in rerminal ; sepals bearins e ieri small lobes ar-rdslenclcr cilia all around the margin (whence the Latin glands on the back; gl:rbrous, lernon I'cllou' petals; largcanrlLers name): the intlorcscencesare unbels consistir-rgoi onll' 3 B opening by apical pores (as h Trixellateia.):.l-celled or.an rvirh f-iowers,and the srylesbear large, pendcnt, lcaflike appendagesat t-..11 ,.s""ilv abortive; and 2 long, slender, cun'ed sn'les.One or their apcxes.Brazilian eolcl vine haslong been popular in green- 2 samarasdevelop, each bearing a single u.ing (as in spcciesof houscs fbr its atrractive leavesand large, shotl'florvers, but it is Stigmaphyllon). rare in Iia*'ai'i. (Cavanillcs)A. P. dc Candollehas long been cultivated in a fcrv gardcns in Hawai'i, presumablvfbr its cdible {iuit, u'hich is dark red and 1" or more lons. l'his (Ltt. TRf STELLATEIA Thouars n'i, thrice + stellatd,starred, speciesis native to South America, tvhere it is callcd cIRLELo,a alluclingto the fruit of3 star-shapeclsant:rra-s) name also uscclherc in Harvai'i."'" It is also calledt'ttrNtrr sur- , often wrodv and large. Lvs usu bislandular on blade or peri. Infl TERFRLrrr bv local tropical fruir fanciers.A shrub or rrcc 12-i5" a ternrinal r,rceme. Flrv scp elancls tet'and srnall or absenti pet yellorv' rall, ciruelo has thick leaves4" or more long; axillan'rlcemesl8 glabrous; anrh opening bv apical pores; stl'le usu only I developed, or more large cahx glands; glabrous vellow petals;d,rrk red con- elongated. cun'cd, srigma small. nearlv apical. Frt breaking apart into nectives on thc lengthu'ise-opening anthers; a densell silh' each star-shaped, r'inglets ri 10. radiating from seed-bear- -3 samaras, ovary, the hairs persisting on the fruit; and 2 short. stout swies, ing portron. thesc free to weakly ioined and appearing to be onlv i. 7i'istellateia is a genus of perhaps 20 species endemic to (Linnaeus) Kunth, called rq-rxcrin in N{adagascar except tbr one f}om continental Aiiica and another nativc Latin America, is a 30' tall, round-crowned tree$'ith Petl- from Ausrralasia. A single species is occasionall-v cuitivated in our oles mostly more than 0.5" long and leaf lrlrd.t .o.rlr' *n" garclens. than 2" wide, loosely tomentose belol, becoming irairlesslater' 't'he and without glands. inflorescence is terminal' the tlouers fleshr'fruit Tristellateiaaustralasiae A. fuchard,BAcNrr, cLtN{BtNG have all 5 r.pll, biglandular on their backs, and the contains a sinsle stone. Nancd fi-uit is most often eaten fieshbur SPRAY_OF-GOLD is also used to-flavor wines and ice crearl.'l-he ediblc seedsonce Woody vinc; bran 1ong,Lf peti 0.3 0.7" long; bladcsovate, 2-5" Iong, fieed from the stone inside thc fruit, are uscd as livestockieeo basebearing 2 small marginal glands.Infl lax, 8-40-flrvd. Flws ca oil used for cooking, as I butter:ub' 0.8 1" O; sep without glmds, or I sep bearing l-2 tiny marginal and yield a cheese-flavored lnrrodttcedto glandsneu basc;fil persistent,dark re,1in age,alternating long md stituie, and for fennenting a drink called chiha. short; swle usu I (or 2 on sameplant). Samaa 0.4-0.5" O, winglets Hawai'i in the 1960s,,,",t.d i, at home in,1ry, sunn"' loovland 8-10, to 0.2" long. gardens as well as in cool, wet vallcvs. It is usuallv Propagateo