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Oceanography
Department of OCEANOGRAPHY PROGRESS REPORT Ecological Studies of Radioactivity in the Columbia River Estuary and Adjacent Pacific Ocean Norman Cutshall, SCHOOL OF SCIENCE Principal Investigator Compiled and Edited by James E. McCauley Atomic Energy Commission Contract AT(45-1) 2227 Task Agreement 12 OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY RLO 2227-T12-10 Reference 71-18 1 July 1970 through 30 June 1971 ECOLOGICALSTUDIESOF RADIOACTIVITYIN THE COLUMBIA RIVER ESTUARY AND ADJACENTPACIFIC OCEAN Compiled andEdited by James E. McCauley Principal Investigator: NormanCutshall Co-investigators: Andrew G. Carey, Jr. James E. McCauley William G. Pearcy William C. Renfro William 0. Forster Department of Oceanography Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon 97331 PROGRESS REPORT 1 July 1970 through 30 June 1971 Submitted to U.S. Atomic Energy Commission ContractAT(45-1)2227 Reference 71-18 RLO 2227-T-12-10 July 1971 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A major expense in oceanographic research is "time at sea." Operations on the R/V YAQUINA, R/V CAYUSE, R/V PAIUTE, AND R/V SACAJEWEA were funded by several agencies, with the bulk coming from the National Science Founda- tion and Office of Naval Research. Certain special cruises of radiochemical or radioecological import were funded by the Atomic Energy Commission, as was much of the equipment for radioanalysis and stable element analysis. Support for student research, plussome of the gamma ray spectometry facilities, were provided by the Federal Water Quality Administration. We gratefully acknowledge the role of these agencies insupport of the research reported in the following pages. We also wish to express our thanks to the numerous students and staff who contributed to the preparation of thisprogress report. -
Global Diversity of Brittle Stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)
Review Global Diversity of Brittle Stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) Sabine Sto¨ hr1*, Timothy D. O’Hara2, Ben Thuy3 1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden, 2 Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3 Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Go¨ttingen, Go¨ttingen, Germany fossils has remained relatively low and constant since that date. Abstract: This review presents a comprehensive over- The use of isolated skeletal elements (see glossary below) as the view of the current status regarding the global diversity of taxonomic basis for ophiuroid palaeontology was systematically the echinoderm class Ophiuroidea, focussing on taxono- introduced in the early 1960s [5] and initiated a major increase in my and distribution patterns, with brief introduction to discoveries as it allowed for complete assemblages instead of their anatomy, biology, phylogeny, and palaeontological occasional findings to be assessed. history. A glossary of terms is provided. Species names This review provides an overview of global ophiuroid diversity and taxonomic decisions have been extracted from the literature and compiled in The World Ophiuroidea and distribution, including evolutionary and taxonomic history. It Database, part of the World Register of Marine Species was prompted by the near completion of the World Register of (WoRMS). Ophiuroidea, with 2064 known species, are the Marine Species (http://www.marinespecies.org) [6], of which the largest class of Echinodermata. A table presents 16 World Ophiuroidea Database (http://www.marinespecies.org/ families with numbers of genera and species. The largest ophiuroidea/index.php) is a part. A brief overview of ophiuroid are Amphiuridae (467), Ophiuridae (344 species) and anatomy and biology will be followed by a systematic and Ophiacanthidae (319 species). -
Paedomorphosis As an Evolutionary Driving Force: Insights from Deep-Sea Brittle Stars
RESEARCH ARTICLE Paedomorphosis as an Evolutionary Driving Force: Insights from Deep-Sea Brittle Stars Sabine StoÈ hr1*, Alexander Martynov2* 1 Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology, Stockholm, Sweden, 2 Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia * [email protected] (SS); [email protected] (AM) a11111 Abstract Heterochronic development has been proposed to have played an important role in the evo- lution of echinoderms. In the class Ophiuroidea, paedomorphosis (retention of juvenile characters into adulthood) has been documented in the families Ophiuridae and Ophiolepi- didae but not been investigated on a broader taxonomic scale. Historical errors, confusing juvenile stages with paedomorphic species, show the difficulties in correctly identifying the OPEN ACCESS effects of heterochrony on development and evolution. This study presents a detailed anal- Citation: StoÈhr S, Martynov A (2016) ysis of 40 species with morphologies showing various degrees of juvenile appearance in Paedomorphosis as an Evolutionary Driving Force: late ontogeny. They are compared to a range of early ontogenetic stages from paedomor- Insights from Deep-Sea Brittle Stars. PLoS ONE 11 (11): e0164562. doi:10.1371/journal. phic and non-paedomorphic species. Both quantitative and qualitative measurements are pone.0164562 taken and analysed. The results suggest that strongly paedomorphic species are usually Editor: Michael Schubert, Laboratoire de Biologie larger than other species at comparable developmental stage. The findings support recent du DeÂveloppement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, notions of polyphyletic origin of the families Ophiuridae and Ophiolepididae. The impor- FRANCE tance of paedomorphosis and its correct recognition for the practice of taxonomy and phy- Received: April 25, 2016 logeny are emphasized. -
Crinoidea, Asteroidea, and Ophiuroidea
Regeneration in stellate echinoderms: Crinoidea, Asteroidea, and Ophiuroidea Ben Khadra Yousra1*, Sugni Michela2,3*, Ferrario Cinzia2,3, Bonasoro Francesco2, Oliveri Paola4, Martinez Pedro5,6, Candia Carnevali Maria Daniela2 *Corresponding authors: Yousra Ben Khadra (e-mail: [email protected]) Michela Sugni (e-mail: [email protected]) 1: Laboratoire de Recherche, Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia 2: Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy 3: Center for Complexity & Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milano, Italy 4: Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom 5: Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia I Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain 6: ICREA (Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avancats), Barcelona, Spain E-mail addresses: [email protected] (Y. Ben Khadra), [email protected] (M. Sugni), [email protected] (C. Ferrario), [email protected] (P. Martinez), [email protected] (F. Bonasoro), [email protected] (P. Oliveri), [email protected] (M.D. Candia Carnevali). 1 1. A phylogenetic perspective of echinoderms The phylum Echinodermata is divided in five extant classes: Crinoidea (sea lilies), Asteroidea (starfishes), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars), Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers) and Echinoidea (sea urchins). All classes are characterized by a rich fossil record (dating from the Cambrian period), which, in principle, should help to identify the relationships between the classes/species. However, this has not been the case and historically the classification of all classes has generated a heated debate. -
An Introduction to the Benthic Ecology of the Rockall - Hatton Area (SEA 7)
An Introduction to the Benthic Ecology of the Rockall - Hatton Area (SEA 7) Executive Summary 2006 Andrew J. Davies and Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, David J. Hughes, J. Murray Roberts Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA Summary The Strategic Environmental Assessment area 7 (SEA 7) is based on the UK’s exclusive fisheries zone and is bounded from SEA 4 to the north by the Wyville Thomson Ridge and from SEA 6 to the south between Kintyre, Scotland and Murlough Bay, Northern Ireland. SEA 7 extends westwards from the mainland UK at 5° W to 25° W, and lies between 55° N and 60° N. This area represents one of the largest extents of water within the UK’s territorial seas and has been significant in the development of deep-sea biology since the late 19th century. The entire SEA 7 area is contained within the biogeographic region known as the Atlantic Deep-Sea Province, with most major oceanographic variables defined by the passage of North Atlantic Deep-Water. Several large bathymetric features characterise the area, the Rockall Trough, Hatton and Rockall Banks, the Wyville Thomson Ridge and three seamounts, Anton Dohrn, Rosemary Bank and the Hebrides Terrace are large geological features that contain a number of different benthic habitats and communities. Towards the northern boundary of SEA 7, recent surveys discovered a series of potentially unique geological and biological features which are now known as the Darwin Mounds. On the seafloor, the benthic biology in the SEA 7 area is well studied compared to other deep- sea regions. -
Management Applicability of Contemporary Deep-Sea Ecology and Reevaluation of Gulf of Mexico Studies
OCS Study MMS 2001-095 Coastal Marine Institute Management Applicability of Contemporary Deep-Sea Ecology and Reevaluation of Gulf of Mexico Studies U.S . Department of the Interior Cooperative.Agreementment Minerals Management Service Coastal Marine Institute Adw Gulf of Mexico OCS Region Louisiana State University OCS Study MMS 2001-095 Coastal Marine Institute Management Applicability of Contemporary Deep-Sea Ecology and Reevaluation of Gulf of Mexico Studies Author Robert S. Carney December 2001 Prepared under MMS Contract 14-35-0001-30660-19904 by Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana Published by U .S. Department of the Interior Cooperative Agreement Minerals 1management Service Coastal Marine Institute Gulf of Mexico OCS Region Louisiana State University DISCLAIMER This report was prepared under contract between the Minerals Management Service (MMS) and Louisiana State University . This report has been technically reviewed by the MMS and approved for publication . Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use . It is, however, exempt from review and compliance with MMS editorial standards. REPORT AVAILABILITY Extra copies of the report may be obtained from the Public Information Office (Mail Stop 5034) at the following address : U.S. Department of the Interior Minerals Management Service Gulf of Mexico OCS Region Public Information Office (MS 5034) 1201 Elmwood Park Boulevard New Orleans, Louisiana 70123-2394 Telephone Number: 1-800-200-GULF or (504) 736-2519 CITATION Suggested citation : Carney, R.S . 2001 . Management Applicability of Contemporary Deep-Sea Ecology and Reevaluation of Gulf of Mexico Studies. -
ENL 21.Pdf (3.9
I I THE ECIDNODERM NEWSLETI'ER I Number 2L 1996 I Editor: Cynthia Aheam Smithsonian Institution I National Museum of Natural History Room W-318, Mail Stop 163 I Washington D.C. 20560, U.S.A. Distributed by: David Pawson Smithsonian Institution I National Museum of Natural History Room W-323, Mail Stop 163 I Washington D.C. 20560, U.S.A. The newsletter contains information concerning meetings and conferences, publications of interest I to echinoderm biologists, titles of theses on echinoderms, and research interests, and addresses of echinoderm biologists. Individuals who desire to receive the newsletter should send their name, I address and research interests to the editor. The newsletter is not intended to be a part of the scientific literature and should not be cited, I abstracted, or reprinted as a published document. I I I I I Challenger, 1889 I .~ I TABLE OF CONTENTS I I Echinoderm Specialists Addresses I Phone (p-); Fax (f-); e-mail numbers ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 Current Research..................................... .27 Information Requests ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 I Suggestions, Announcements,upcomingConference •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45 Items of Interest An Addendum to Mortensen's Monograph of the Echinoidea ••••••••••••• ..47 A Brief History of the Asteroidea •••••••••••••••••• ............. • .48 I obituary -David Dilwyn John- from Whaling to Wales via Echinoderms ••••••49 Echinodermsin Literature........ 50 How I Began to Study Echinoderms Part 6. I Steven M. Freeman •••••