1 VOLUME 5, 2010 PICT UPLINK NEWSLETTER

PICT NEWSLETTER VOLUME 5, 2010 PICT Welcomes Former Assistant of the AFP’s international Management of Serious Commissioner of NSW Police Crime Course and Board of Management Joint Asian Graeme Morgan APM to the Crime Group, as well as a number of other inter- Centre jurisdictional and inter-agency National and State operational co-ordination, management and policy As part of an ongoing formulation bodies. He has worked in close liaison consolidation and with all state and federal police forces, the Australian expansion of PICT’s Crime Commission, the Australian Customs Service policing program, the and the NSW Crime Commission. He was also a Centre is delighted to Commander in NSW Police Force’s standing Counter announce the Terrorism operational deployment for 10 years and appointment of Adjunct trained and exercised on numerous occasions with Professor Graeme Morgan specialist military and other security personnel to the Centre’s staff. in CT activities. He also played an important role Graeme Morgan, formerly in co-ordinating security throughout the 2000 one of the NSW Police Sydney Olympic Games. Graeme has received three Force’s most senior and Commissioners Commendations for leadership, the decorated Officers, brings with him nearly 40 years NSW Police Medal (5th clasp), the National Medal of policing experience and special expertise in (2nd clasp) and the Australian Police Medal. criminal investigation and executive leadership. This semester Graeme is convening PICT806: Strategic Graeme’s interests include bushwalking, aviculture, Policing. Moving forward, Graeme will also be music and reading (especially Australian & police leading the significant expansion and development history). of PICT’s policing stream, which from 2012 will include a number of new units covering a range of PICT and Senior NSW Police important issues in contemporary policing. Meet with UNODC Regional Representative Graeme held the rank of Assistant Commissioner in the NSW Police for ten years until his retirement In August PICT in 2008. For seven of these years he headed up the academics, along Force’s State Crime Command - a body of more with senior NSW than 800 police detectives comprising 10 specialist police, met with the crime squads and a number of other specialist units. regional Collectively that body was responsible for all Force- representative of the wide intelligence co-ordination and the investigation United Nations Office of all major and serious crime in NSW, including on Drugs and Crime organised crime. Graeme has extensive experience (UNODC) for East in operational command and executive leadership Asia and the Pacific, and has been a member of the Australasian Crime Mr Gary Lewis, at an Commissioners Forum, the Advisory Board of the event hosted by Australian Institute of Forensic Sciences, the National DFAT. Mr Lewis Drug Strategy Committee, the Board of Management presented on emerging trends in the structure of transnational crime in our region and globally and 2 VOLUME 1, 2010 PICT UPLINK NEWSLETTER

on how these will affect boarder security and log onto Blackboard and listen to the lecture again policing in , as well as on the recent major to reinforce the knowledge.” UNODC publication The Globalization of Crime - A “The lecturers are just great – they’re really well Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment. Mr prepared and professional. They have guided me Lewis, who has been with the United Nations for right through the whole learning process to reach a over 23 years in Asia, Africa, Europe and the very critical point in terms of our understanding of Americas, also presented PICT with a plaque in issues and themes. It’s certainly been a challenging commemoration of the meeting and towards further experience.” PICT-UNODC collaborative projects in the future. Mario cites Dr Peter Searle as one particularly To download the latest UNODC publication The outstanding teacher he has learnt from. “He is one of Globalization of Crime, click here those lecturers who really makes you expand your mind. He’s always ready to listen to comments and Student Profiles promote discussion. His classes are also very well Recently, two of the Centre’s students have been structured.” selected by The Macquarie Globe (see here), the Before commencing his double Masters degree, newspaper for Macquarie Universities’ international Mario completed 15 weeks at the Centre for community, for special attention. PICT is proud of the Macquarie English (CME). “My time at CME was international make up of its student body, as well as really important. It familiarised me with the type the international focus of its degrees, and would like of academic English I need to use every day in my to congratulate Mario Gonzalez and Yanuar Pribadi Masters.” for making the press. Shortened versions of the articles are reprinted below: Yanuar Ardhitya Pribadi () When I saw the program Mario Gonzalez (Columbia) outline for Master of “The subjects I’ve studied Policing, Intelligence and here have expanded my Counter Terrorism and perspective, so now I not Master of International only see things from an Security Studies, it caught internal perspective, but my attention right away,” also in an international says Yanuar Ardhitya context. I’m sharing classes Pribadi, Australian with security forces Development Scholarship personnel from 16 (ADS) recipient from Indonesia. countries, including “The scholarship has given me a very big and rare nations like and opportunity to study in Australia with the degree , which brings a lot of different perspectives and university of my choice. Looking back, the into the classroom.” selection process was very competitive but it has “Asia-Pacific is a very interesting region in terms of also been a learning process.” security. It shares some of the same problems we’re “Hopefully, by the time I go back to Indonesia, I facing in Colombia – drawing out the similarities will be able to contribute my knowledge, skills and between the two has been a very good way to learn.” expertise in the international security field for the Mario has also found the interactive learning development of Indonesia and for the benefit of the environment at PICT helpful in his studies. “The community.” learning process has been really innovative. Any time “So far, my time in Australia has been challenging, I need more information from a specific class I can 3 VOLUME 1, 2010 PICT UPLINK NEWSLETTER

fun and unforgettable,” says Yanuar. “Classes at Mid-Semester Break BBQ for PICT PICT are very diverse and lively. We have students Students and Staff from all parts of the world, which facilitates many PICT would like to invite all enrolled students to the experiences in addition to the academic experience.” PICT Mid Semester Break BBQ followed by a seminar “We’re being introduced to different cultures, by Professor Banlaoi, Executive Director of Philippine different mindsets and different perspectives, Institute for Peace, Violence, and Terrorism Research and expanding our networks. I think that is very (PIPVT) and Chairman of the Council for Asian important for individuals in this field.” Transnational Threat Research (CATR) – see below. Halal certified food will be available. “The tutors and lecturers have been more than helpful and accommodating in providing all the help Date: Thursday, 30 September 2010 they can. They’re also are really qualified and well- Time: 12.30 pm known individuals in their respective field.” Location: PICT, Building Y3A “They have also given me the opportunity to be creative and express my ideas and thoughts without RSVP: By 24 September 2010. Please email your any limitations academically. To think critically and acceptance to one or both of the events: look at problems from a different perspective has [email protected] or [email protected] been quite interesting for me.” Upcoming Public Seminar at Student Services Update PICT Student Services administrator Ms Louise Hutchence Private Armed Violence and Terrorism is on leave for a fortnight. Students who wish to in the Southern : Protecting contact the Centre for any reason, please contact Australia’s National Interests in a Troubled PICT’s temporary Student Services administrator Ms. Neighbourhood Annabel Voysey by email at The Centre for Policing, Intelligence and Counter [email protected] Terrorism (PICT) cordially invites you to hear one of the world’s leading authorities on Southeast Asian International Student Careers Workshops terrorism, Professor Rommel Banlaoi, present a The Macquarie International Careers team will be lecture on the ‘Private Armed Violence and Terrorism running a series of workshops every Friday this in the Southern Philippines: Protecting Australia’s semester aimed at equipping international students National Interests in a Troubled Neighbourhood’. with the essential skills to launch their careers. Professor Banlaoi will deliver the latest information The next workshop, on teamwork and graduate on Islamic secessionist and terrorist organisations assessment skills practise, will teach students such as the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) in Western graduate selection skills to help them understand Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, and what this and prepare for corporate recruitment. means for Australia. Seats are strictly limited so Date: Friday 10 September, 2010 reservations are essential. Time: 3.00pm-4.00pm The talk will be followed by a chance for questions and discussion, as well as afternoon tea. Location: Macquarie International, Building E3A, Room 244&247 RSVP by emailing the International Careers team at [email protected] For more information on other workshops in the series click here 4 VOLUME 1, 2010 PICT UPLINK NEWSLETTER

About Professor Banlaoi Private Armed Groups: A New Professor Rommel C. Security Threat in the Philippines Banlaoi is the Chairman of This article by Rommel C. Banlaoi is taken from the Council for Asian the latest July-August 2010 issue of the CATR Asian Transnational Threat Conflict Reports Research (CATR), and the Executive Director of the The rapid proliferation of private armed groups Philippine Institute for (PAGs) has become a serious national security Peace, Violence and problem for the Armed Forces of the Philippines Terrorism Research (AFP). From a mere peace and order concern for the (PIPVTR), where he is also Head of its Center for Philippine National Police (PNP), the proliferation Intelligence and National Security Studies. He was of private armed groups is increasingly threatening Professor of political science at the National Defense security at a national level. The Department of College of the Philippines (where he became Vice National Defense (DND) has recently declared PAGs President), Assistant Professor in international as one of the greatest concerns to the country’s studies at De La Salle University, instructor in defense and security, along with local communist political science at the University of the Philippines movements and Muslim secessionist movements. (Los Banos), and University Research Associate at the According to the Independent Commission Against University of the Philippines. Private Armies (ICAPA), formed in the aftermath of He is currently a Senior Fellow at the Yuchengco the 23 November 2009 massacre of 57 persons in the Center of De La Salle University while lecturing at Maguindanao province of the Southern Philippines, the Command and General Staff College (CGSC) 112 PAGs have been identified across the country. of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). He is The ICAPA reports that most of these PAGs are found the author of seven books to date, including War in the Muslim areas of Mindanao, but does not on Terrorism in Southeast Asia (2004), The Philippines specify how many or the exact proportion. and Australia: Defense and Security Cooperation However, the ICAPA figure on PAG numbers is highly Against Terrorism (2008), Counter Terrorism Measures conservative. In the Philippines, it is customary for in Southeast Asia: How Effective Are They? (2009), and all local government officials to have two or more Philippine Security in the Age of Terror (2010). private armed bodyguards. As the Philippines has Date: Thursday 30th September 2010 82 provinces, 122 cities and 1,495 municipalities, not to mention at least 287 members of the Philippine Time: 2:30 pm House of Representatives, the true number of PAGs Location: Theatre 1. Building Y3A (see map next in the Philippines must be far larger than 112. In page) Maguindanao province alone, almost all of its 36 municipalities have two or more armed groups. Cost: No charge, although reservations are essential. In Sulo and Basilan, there is a saying that each Enquiries and Reservations: household has a gun - this is a very telling indicator E: [email protected] of how big the problem of privately armed violence P: +61 (02) 9850 1420 in the Philippines really is. Location details: Building Y3A is located near the One issue surrounding the rise of PAGs is the Balaclava Rd entrance to the University. Theatre 1 difficulty of adopting an adequate definition. is located just inside the first floor foyer of Building The ICAPA reports that some private armies in Y3A. Staff will be on hand to provide directions. the Philippines are organized and funded by the Pay for parking is available adjacent to Building government to fight crime and insurgencies, and Y3A. Please see here for parking information. For a this makes the definition of private armies in the printable map of the university click here Philippines highly problematic. If some PAGS are 5 VOLUME 1, 2010 PICT UPLINK NEWSLETTER

government-organized and funded, can they really any potential profit. be referred to as fully ‘private’ armies? Private armed violence exists because of a weak Furthermore, if the 112 PAGs identified by state that fails to insulate itself from the parochial ICAPA refer to the illegally armed private groups interests of clans and families maintaining their own maintained by traditional warlords without private armies. PAGs also proliferate when some the sanction of the government, how can they corrupt key military, police and elected government be dismantled if they serve elected officials? officials are beholden to local warlords. The result Additionally, how can the police and the military has been the evolution of a complex network that effectively pursue PAGs, if many of them have more will be extremely difficult to dismantle in a society resources and stronger firepower than local law already torn by complex internal armed conflicts. enforcement? Identifying and addressing the underlying causes Ultimately, the problem of private armed violence in and conditions of internal armed conflicts in the the Philippines has become a larger security threat Philippines is a key first step to deal with private because it exacerbates already existing security armed violence. In a weak state this task is truly challenges emanating from a shifting network of gargantuan, but it is achievable and must be tackled. local communist and Moro secessionist insurgencies. Overall, the Philippines must urgently pursue Also, when PAGs are not fighting against one other security sector reform - a vital task that is easier said for political and personal reasons, they are likely than done. as not conniving together to commit crimes such as arms smuggling, drug trafficking, extortion, and CATR Asian Conflict Reports kidnap-for-ransom. These crimes are committed PICT, in conjunction primarily for financial gain. with the Council for From a human security perspective, private armed Asian Transnational violence threatens the welfare of local populations, Threats Research as was the case in the November 2009 Maguindanao (CATR), offers you the massacre, in which 57 people were killed, including opportunity to stay the wife, sister, and aides of opposition candidate abreast of current Esmael Mangudadatu, several innocent by-standers, developments in the and at least 34 journalists (see the March 2010 ACR security landscape of for this author’s report on the incident). PAGs also our region through links to the latest Asian Conflict perpetuate the practice of settling private problems Reports. and local disputes through the use of armed and Each month the Asian Conflict Reports update violent confrontation. This practice aggravates an readers on important emerging security issues from already weak rule-of-law, creates semi-anarchy in across Asia written by and for regional professionals some communities, and undermines human rights and analysts. by creating a politics of fear and intimidation in the day-to-day lives of many people. The situation June, 2010: Includes reports on ’s foreign propagates itself as a vicious circle; the PAGs are, energy quest and ASEAN, Six-Party Talks on North in part, a response to weak central government Korea, CBRN terrorist incidents in , and the services in many under-developed localities, but the challenges for manpower export from . atmosphere of fear they create in turn discourages To download the paper click here the very foreign and local entrepreneurs from investing in the areas where they are needed most in July-August, 2010: Includes reports on China, North order to propel local economic development, create Korea-Iran Nuclear Axis, Muscular Secularism in jobs and reduce poverty. In the view of potential , Wahhabism in , Privately Armed investors, the resulting high costs of ensuring Groups in the Philippines. personal and infrastructure security far outbalances To download the paper click here 6 VOLUME 1, 2010 PICT UPLINK NEWSLETTER

News Briefs Contact Details: Terrorist Financing Lecture to Level Two, Building Y3A Commonwealth Bank Macquarie University NSW 2109 In July PICT Associate Ph: +61 2 9850 1420 Lecturer Shanaka Fax: +61 2 9850 1440 Jayasekara was invited by Email: [email protected] the Commonwealth Bank Web: www.pict.mq.edu.au to make a presentation on terrorist fundraising and money transfer processes to the AML/CTF and Sanctions Operations Team at the Commonwealth Bank Parramatta Office. The presentation covered models of terrorist fundraising, generating red-flag indicators and examples of fundraising methods used by the LTTE globally.

Conference Alerts

Safeguarding Australia 2010 22nd – 23rd September 2010, Canberra http://www.safeguardingaustralia.org.au/ The 9th annual conference and forum on national security and resilience will be held in Canberra on the 1 - 2 of September, 2010. More details will be provided in future editions of UPLINK.

Australian Bomb Data Centre 2010 Annual Conference 17th -19th November 2010, Canberra The Australian Bomb Data Centre (ABDC) will be hosting its 2010 Annual Conference from 17-19 November 2010. The conference will be held at the Hotel Realm in Barton, Canberra, Australia. Registration is restricted to police, military and related government agencies. Presentations at the conference can be delivered up to ‘Restricted’ level. This is to allow for the realistic exchange of sensitive information.