A MODERN LAW DICTIONARY, CONTAINING THE PRESENT STATE OF THE LAW IN THEORY AND PRACTICE; WITH A DEFINITION OF ITS TERMS, AND THE HISTORY OF ITS RISE AND PROGRESS. aAAGE, paagium, The same with passagium. Mat. Paris 767: See Passagiuvi. PACIBILIS, Payable or passable. Ex Regis. Grenefeld. Archiep. Ebor. MS. PACARE, To pay; as tolnetum pacare, is to pay toll, Mon. Angl. torn, l.fiag. 384. Hence pacatio, payment, Mat. Paris, sub. an. 1248. PACE, passusJ] A step in going, containing two feet and an half, the distance from the heel of the hinder foot to the toe of the fore foot; and there is a Pace of five foot, which contains two steps, a thousand whereof makes a mile; but this is called fiassus major. PACEATUR. et recipiet Agenfrida corium ejus, isf carnem, isf Pa- ceatur de catero, i. e. Let him be free, or discharged, for the time to come. Ll. Ina. c. 45. PACIFICATION, pacificalio. ~] A peace-making, quieting, or ap peasing; relating to the wars between England and Scotland, anno 1638, mentioned in the statute 17 Car, 1. c. 17. PACK of WOOL, A horse-load,which consists of seventeen stone and two pounds, or 240 pounds weight. Merch. Diet.: Fleta. lib. 2. c. 1 2. PACKAGE and SCAVAGE, Antient duties, payable on merchan dize to the city of London. See Scavage. PACKERS, Persons appointed, and sworn duly, to pack herrings. See title Herrings. PACKETS, Packet vessels, prohibited from exporting or im porting goods. Stat. 13 isf 14 Car. 2. c. 11. � 22. See title Customs. PACKING WHITES, A kind of cloth so called, mentioned in stat. 1 R. 3. c. 8. PACT, Fr.~] A contract or agreement. Law French Dictionary, PAGUS, A county: Alfred Rex Anglo- Saxonum natus est in Villa Regia qua dicitur Wantage in ilia paga qua nominatur Berksh. isfc. PAIN, or PEINE, FORT ET DURE, Fr.�Lat./wraafortis is Vol. V. A 2 PAL dura.] A special punishment heretofore inflicted on those who, be ing arraigned of felony, refused to put themselves on the ordinary trial, but stubbornly stood mute; vulgarly called Pressing- to Death. See title Mute. PAINS and PENALTIES. Acts of parliament to attaint particu lar persons of treason or felony, or to inflict Pains and Penalties, be yond or contrary to the Common Law, to serve a special purpose, are to all intents and purposes new laws, made fi.ro re nata, and by no means an execution of such as are already in being. 4 Comm. c. 19. � 1. See title Attainder. PAIS, A county or region, fiagus; g, in i vel y converso. Sfielm.J Trial per fiais, by the country, i. e. a Jury. PAISSO, Pasnage, or liberty for hogs to run in forests or woods to feed on mast. Mon. Angl. i. 682. See Passune. PALACES. The limits ofthe Palace of Westminster, stat. 28 Hen, 8. c. 12. See Marshal; Murder; Striking. PALAGIUM, A duty to lords of manors, for exporting and im porting vessels of wine in any of their ports. PALATINE, County; See County. PALFREY, Palfredus, fialafredus, palefredus, palifredus.] One of the better sorts of horses used by noblemen or others for State: anA sometimes of old taken for a horse fit for a woman to ride. Camden says, that William Pauconbergh held the manor of Cukeny, in the county of Nottingham in serjeanty, by the service of shoeing the King's Palfrey, when the King should come to Mansfield. See 1 Inst. 149. PALICEA, A park pale. Cowell. PALINGMAN, mentioned in stats. 22 Ed. 4. c. 23: 11 H.7. c. 23; seems to be a merchant denizen, one born within the English pale. But Skinner judges it to signify a fishmonger, or merchant of fish. Cowell. PALLA, A canopy; also often used for an altar-cloth. Matt. Paris, sub ann. 1236. PALLIO COOPERIRE. It was antiently a custom where chil dren were born out of wedlock, and their parents afterwards inter married, that those children, together with the father and mother, stood under a cloth extended while the marriage was solemnizing, which was in the nature of adoption; and by such custom the chil dren were taken to be legitimate. Efiist. Rob. Grosthead Efiisc. Lin coln. Such were children, however, never legitimate in this coun at Common the try Law, though clergy wanted to have a law pass to render them legitimate. See Bastard. PALL; PALLIUM, The pontifical vesture made of lamb's wool, in breadth not three exceeding fingers cut round that it may cover the shoulders; it has two labels or strings on each side, before and behind, and likewise four purple crosses on the right and left, fast ened with pins of gold, whose heads are Sapphire: these vestments the or sends to and Pope gives archbishops metropolitans, and upon extraordinary occasions to other bishops; who wear them about their necks at the above their other ornaments. altar, The Pall was first to the of Ostia Marcus given bishop by Pope the Second, anno 336. Durandus, ,in his Rationale, tells us that it is made after the fol lowing manner, viz. The nuns of St. Agnes every year, on the feast day of their saint, offer two white lambs on the altar of their church PAN during the time they sing Agnus Dei in a solemn mass; which lambs are afterwards taken by two of the canons ofthe Lateran church, and by them given to the Pope's subdeacons, who put them to pasture till shearing time, and then they are shorn, and the pall is made of their wool, mixed with other white wool; the Pall being thus made is carried to the Lateran church, and there placed on the high altar by the deacons of that church on the bodies of St. Peter and St. Paubt and after the usual watching, it is carried away in the night, and de livered to the subdeacons who lay it up safe. Selden's Hist. Tithes, 327. See also Cressy's Church Hist. 972. PALMISTRY, A kind of divination, practised by looking upon the lines and marks of the hands and fingers; being a deceitful art used by Egyptians, prohibited by stat. 1 if 2 P. if M. c. 4. See title Egyptians. PAMPHLETS, Of a certain size, are among the articles liable to a stamp duty. PANDECTS, The books of the Civil Law, compiled by Justinian. See title Civil Law. PANDOXATRIX, An ale-wife, who both brews and sells ale. or beer; from pandoxatorium, a brewhouse, Statut. if consuetud. burgi villa de Montgom. temp. Hen. 2. PANEL, panella, panellum.] According to Sir Edward Coke, de notes a little part; but Spelman says, that it signifies schedula vel pa- gina, a schedule or page; as a Panel of parchment, or a counterpane of an indenture; but it is used more particularly for a schedule or roll, containing the names of such jurors as the sheriff returns to pass upon any trial. Kitch. 226: Reg. Orig. 223. And the impanel ling a jury is the entering their names by the sheriff into a Panel or little schedule of parchment; in panello assise. Stat. 8 H. 6. c. 12. See titles Jury; Trial. PANES de MANDATO; See Mandato. PANETIA, A pantry, or place to set up cold victuals. Cowell. PANIS ARMIGERORUM, The bread distributed to servants. Mon. Angl. i. 240. PANIS BISUS, Coarse bread. Mon. Angl. i. 240. PANIS BLACKWHYTLOF, Bread of a middle sort, between white and brown, such as in Kent is called Ravel-bread. In religious houses it was their coarser bread made for ordinary guests, and dis tinguished from their household loaf, or Panis conventualis, which was pure manchet, or white bread. Cowell. PANIS MILITARIS, Hard biscuit, brown George, camp bread, coarse and black. The prior and convent of Ely grant to John Grove, a corody or allowance,�Ad suum victum quolibet die unum panem monachalem, i. e. a white loaf; and to his servant unum panem nigrum militarem, i. e. a little brown loaf or biscuit. Cartular. Ely. MS./. 47, PANNAGE, or PAWNAGE, pannagium Fr. Pasnage.~] That food which the swine feed upon in the woods, as mast of beech, acorns, &c. Also it is the money taken by the Agistors for the food of hogs in the King's forest. Cromp. Jurisd. 155. Stat. West. 2. 13 E. 1. st. 1. c. 25. Manwood says pannage signifies most properly the mast of the woods or hedge rows. And see Linwood. It is mentioned in the statute 20 Car. 2. c. 3. And in antient charters this word is variously written; as pannagium, pasnagium, pathnagium, pannagium, if pessona. See 8 Rep. 47. 4 PAPISTS. PANNUS, A garment made with skins. Fleta, lib. 2. cap. 14. duties of PANTILES, Are among the articles liable to certain excise. branch PAPER. The duties on this article form a very productive Commission of the public revenue, and are under the survey of the isfc. ers of Excise. See that title, and titles Customs; Books, PAPER-BOOKS, The issues in actions, &c. upon special plead for that ings, made up by the clerk of the Papers, who is an officer The purpose. Upon an issue in law, it is termed the Demurrer-book.^ clerks of the Papers of the court of King's Bench, in all copies of pleas and Paper-books by them made up, shall subscribe to such pa per-books, the names of the counsel who have signed such pleas, as well on the behalf of the plaintiff as defendant; and in all Paper-books delivered to the judges of the Court, tire names of the counsel who did sign those pleas are to be subscribed to the books, by the clerks or attornies who deliver the same.