ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Afghanistan Coca leaf 1 25 000 15 50 000 Codeine 650 000 1 000 Codeine-N-oxide 1 3 1 60 000 Dextropropoxyphene 150 000 3 000 1 2 000 1 10 000 Diphenoxylate 1 Albania 1 Cocaine 1 Ecgonine 2 Codeine 1 140 000 1 Fentanyl 300 1 1 Fentanyl 17 000 Methadone 15 500 Heroin 1 Morphine 7 000 10 000 1 500 4 000 Pethidine 2 500 1 Pholcodine 1 600 1 9 Methadone 100 000 2 Morphine 1 550 000 Algeria Morphine -N-oxide 1 400 1 Codeine 2 500 000 1 Etorphine 1 1 Fentanyl 900 1 Methadone 4 000 10 Morphine 15 000 1 Oxycodone 4 000 Oxycodone 60 000 Pethidine 3 000 1 Pholcodine 1 500 000 Pethidine 50 000 Remifentanil 1 1 Sufentanil 50 Pholcodine 1 Andorra 1 3 000 Remifentanil 17 000 Fentanyl 100 Sufentanil 10 Methadone 1 000 1 Morphine 500 70 000 Oxycodone 2 000 1 Pethidine 500 Armenia Remifentanil 4 Codeine 3 000 Angola Fentanyl 50 Alfentanil 20 Methadone 20 000 Codeine 21 600 Morphine 8 000 Dextromoramide 188 Oxycodone 5 000 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Thebaine 4 020 Dihydrocodeine 500 1 500 Diphenoxylate 300 Aruba* Fentanyl 63 Alfentanil 3 Methadone 2 000 1 Morphine 21 500 Cocaine 70 Pethidine 12 800 Codeine 85 Sufentanil 22 Dextromoramide 1 Anguilla Dextropropoxyphene 85 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 200 Morphine 4 Hydrocodone 2 Pethidine 78 Methadone 150 Antigua and Barbuda* Morphine 540 Cocaine 9 Opium 450 Codeine 169 Oxycodone 600 Dihydrocodeine 15 Pethidine 404 Diphenoxylate 28 Piritramide 160 Fentanyl 1 Remifentanil 19 Morphine 6 Ascension Island Oxycodone 2 Alfentanil 1 Pethidine 338 Fentanyl 1 Remifentanil 1 Morphine 1 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine 4 Argentina Australia Alfentanil 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Alphaprodine 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 1 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Bezitramide 1 1 Cannabis 50 1 Cannabis resin 1 Alfentanil 1 200

1

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Sufentanil 600 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Thebaine 100 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Tilidine 100 1 Azerbaijan Cannabis 25 000 Codeine 2 000 Cocaine 7 500 Fentanyl 100 Codeine 6 275 000 Methadone 18 000 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Morphine 3 600 Conc. of Thebaine 15 ACA 4 300 Trimeperidine 2 600 AMA 29 325 000 Bahamas AOA 4 250 Alfentanil 1 ATA 839 175 Cannabis 1 1 Cannabis resin 1 1 Cocaine 1 Dextromoramide 5 Codeine 6 600 Dextropropoxyphene 1 001 Dihydrocodeine 1 Dihydrocodeine 200 000 Fentanyl 20 Diphenoxylate 50 000 Heroin 1 Dipipanone 1 Hydrocodone 1 Ecgonine 1 Hydromorphone 1 Etorphine 1 Methadone 1 Fentanyl 30 000 Morphine 1 500 1 Oxycodone 1 500 Heroin 1 Oxymorphone 1 Hydrocodone 100 Pethidine 6 000 1 Remifentanil 1 Hydromorphone 75 000 Sufentanil 1 1 Thebaine 1 Methadone 1 000 000 Tilidine 1 1 Bahrain Morphine 1 000 000 Etorphine 4 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Fentanyl 180 MT -45 1 Hydromorphone 4 1 Methadone 270 Oripavine 1 Morphine 12 500 1 Oxycodone 6 000 Oxycodone 2 900 000 Pethidine 12 000 Oxymorphone 5 Remifentanil 250 Parafluorobutyrylfentanyl 1 Bangladesh Pethidine 60 000 Fentanyl 650 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Methadone 40 000 Pholcodine 800 500 Morphine 100 000 Remifentanil 800 Oxycodone 10 000 Sufentanil 2 Oxymorphone 100 000 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Pethidine 400 000 Thebaine 1 Remifentanil 75 Austria Barbados Alfentanil 450 Cannabis 1 500 Cannabis 250 000 Cannabis resin 1 500 Cocaine 2 700 Cocaine 6 Codeine 500 000 Codeine 129 278 Codeine -N-oxide 50 Dihydrocodeine 900 Dextropropoxyphene 100 000 Fentanyl 24 Dihydrocodeine 700 000 Heroin 1 20 Hydrocodone 1 Diphenoxylate 40 Hydromorphone 3 Ecgonine 10 Methadone 37 Ethylmorphine 20 Morphine 4 263 Etorphine 25 Opium 1 Fentanyl 55 000 Oxycodone 1 Heroin 40 Pethidine 5 213 Hydrocodone 20 Pholcodine 500 Hydromorphone 200 000 Remifentanil 1 Methadone 150 000 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 2 500 000 Belarus Morphine -N-oxide 100 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Nicomorphine 100 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Opium 70 000 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Oripavine 100 1 Oxycodone 450 000 Alfentanil 1 Oxymorphone 500 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Pethidine 1 000 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Piritramide 24 000 Alphaprodine 1 Remifentanil 4 500 Beta -Hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1

2

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 38 Cocaine 100 Diphenoxylate 38 Codeine 500 000 Fentanyl 19 Dextromoramide 1 Hydrocodone 75 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Hydromorphone 75 Dihydrocodeine 1 Methadone 750 Dipipanone 1 Morphine 3 000 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 188 Ethylmorphine 50 Pethidine 3 150 Etorphine 1 Benin Fentanyl 1 200 Codeine 1 500 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 500 Hydrocodone 1 Methadone 500 Hydromorphone 3 500 Morphine 2 200 Levomoramide 1 Pethidine 4 000 Methadone 30 000 Sufentanil 10 Morphine 12 000 Bermuda Morphine -N-oxide 1 Alfentanil 13 MPPP 1 Cannabis 2 197 Norcodeine 1 Cannabis resin 2 Normethadone 1 Cocaine 200 Normorphine 1 Codeine 6 050 1 Dextromoramide 19 Oxycodone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Oxymorphone 1 Dihydrocodeine 2 420 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 182 Pethidine 1 Dipipanone 2 Piritramide 1 Etorphine 7 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 75 Sufentanil 9 Heroin 2 Thebaine 1 Hydrocodone 19 1 Hydromorphone 180 Trimeperidine 30 000 Methadone 4 950 Belgium Morphine 1 815 Acetylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 1 076 AH -7921 1 Oxymorphone 2 Alfentanil 76 300 Pethidine 3 600 Cannabis 2 135 000 Pholcodine 121 Cannabis resin 5 000 Remifentanil 25 Cocaine 20 900 Bhutan Codeine 349 500 Cocaine 1 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Codeine 1 200 Dihydrocodeine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Ecgonine 1 Etorphine 1 Ethylmorphine 131 500 Fentanyl 6 Etorphine 2 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 311 780 Morphine 1 500 Heroin 5 Pethidine 1 380 Hydrocodone 75 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Hydromorphone 6 500 Codeine 420 580 Methadone 550 000 Fentanyl 250 Morphine 140 000 Methadone 1 850 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Morphine 7 212 MT-45 1 Oxycodone 637 Nicomorphine 1 Pethidine 12 000 Norcodeine 1 Remifentanil 1 200 Normorphine 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Opium 80 000 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Oripavine 3 AH-7921 1 Oxycodone 300 000 Alfentanil 10 Oxymorphone 1 Cannabis 2 Pethidine 35 000 Cannabis resin 2 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Cocaine 2 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Codeine 2 505 Pholcodine 55 000 Ecgonine 1 Piritramide 17 000 Fentanyl 1 256 Remifentanil 45 000 Heroin 2 Sufentanil 4 020 Methadone 23 500 Thebaine 4 Morphine 5 367 Tilidine 1 550 000 Oxycodone 4 U-47700 1 Pethidine 435 Belize* Pholcodine 17 834 Cocaine 75 Remifentanil 15 Codeine 9 000 Sufentanil 4 Dextropropoxyphene 3 000 Thebaine 500

3

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Botswana Oxycodone 100 Alfentanil 5 Pethidine 650 Cannabis 80 Remifentanil 3 Cocaine 80 Brunei Darussalam Codeine 23 672 Alfentanil 2 Dextromoramide 20 Cannabis 2 Dextropropoxyphene 20 Codeine 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 615 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Diphenoxylate 20 Fentanyl 60 Dipipanone 20 Morphine 1 300 Etorphine 20 Oxycodone 650 Fentanyl 33 Pethidine 1 200 Heroin 50 Pholcodine 1 000 Hydrocodone 20 Remifentanil 5 Hydromorphone 8 Bulgaria Methadone 20 Alfentanil 10 Morphine 21 620 Cocaine 1 Oxycodone 350 Codeine 4 000 000 Oxymorphone 20 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Pethidine 21 846 Dextromoramide 1 Remifentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Sufentanil 3 Dihydrocodeine 15 000 Thebacon 20 Ecgonine 2 Tilidine 155 Ethylmorphine 10 000 Brazil Fentanyl 900 Alfentanil 3 567 Heroin 1 Alpha -methylfentanyl 50 Hydrocodone 1 Alphaprodine 50 Hydromorphone 1 Anileridine 50 5 Bezitramide 50 Methadone 150 000 Cannabis 150 120 Morphine 50 000 Cannabis resin 50 Morphine -N-oxide 2 Coca leaf 50 Normorphine 1 Cocaine 536 Opium 10 Codeine 15 270 371 Oxycodone 40 000 Dextromoramide 50 Oxymorphone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Pethidine 20 000 Difenoxin 50 Piritramide 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 50 Remifentanil 85 Diphenoxylate 50 Sufentanil 10 Dipipanone 50 Tilidine 10 000 Ethylmorphine 50 Burkina Faso Etorphine 1 Cannabis 10 Fentanyl 21 510 Cocaine 1 Heroin 50 Fentanyl 5 Hydrocodone 50 Heroin 1 Hydromorphone 50 Morphine 700 Ketobemidone 50 Pethidine 35 Levorphanol 50 Sufentanil 1 Methadone 124 453 Burundi Morphine 1 499 669 Codeine 5 500 Nicomorphine 50 Fentanyl 2 Norcodeine 50 Morphine 3 800 Normethadone 50 Pethidine 2 500 Opium 102 876 Cabo Verde Oripavine 50 Alfentanil 1 Oxycodone 119 369 Fentanyl 9 Oxymorphone 50 Morphine 220 Pethidine 714 005 Pethidine 200 Phenoperidine 50 Cambodia Pholcodine 50 Codeine 300 000 Piritramide 1 Fentanyl 500 Remifentanil 5 772 Methadone 7 000 Sufentanil 190 Morphine 3 000 Thebacon 50 Oxycodone 1 000 Thebaine 50 Cameroon Tilidine 50 Codeine 9 466 British Virgin Islands Fentanyl 31 Alfentanil 1 Methadone 13 Codeine 230 Morphine 4 198 Dihydrocodeine 10 Oxycodone 500 Diphenoxylate 15 Pethidine 1 005 Fentanyl 5 Pholcodine 98 Hydromorphone 2 Canada Morphine 200 3-Methylfentanyl 6

4

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Normethadone 10 000 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 10 Normorphine 5 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Norpipanone 6 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Opium 1 000 Acetylfentanyl 10 Oripavine 10 000 5 Oxycodone 7 000 000 AH -7921 2 Oxymorphone 20 000 Alfentanil 50 Para -fluorofentanyl 5 3 Pethidine 510 000 11 Pethidine intermediate B 10 Alphameprodine 2 Pethidine intermediate C 10 2 1 Alpha -methylfentanyl 2 1 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 1 Alphaprodine 15 6 Anileridine 2 Phenoperidine 1 3 Pholcodine 20 20 1 6 Piritramide 5 Beta -Hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 1 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 2 Racemethorphan 3 Betameprodine 3 3 2 4 Betaprodine 5 Remifentanil 550 Butyrfentanyl 1 Sufentanil 200 20 Thebacon 1 4 Thebaine 10 000 Cocaine 20 000 Thiofentanyl 11 Codeine 19 500 000 Tilidine 4 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Trimeperidine 1 Desomorphine 2 U-47700 1 Dextromoramide 5 Cayman Islands Dextropropoxyphene 20 Alfentanil 1 15 Cannabis 14 15 Cocaine 12 Difenoxin 3 Codeine 27 Dihydrocodeine 5 Dihydrocodeine 15 Dihydromorphine 30 Fentanyl 35 7 Heroin 13 2 Hydrocodone 90 7 Hydromorphone 30 4 Methadone 16 Diphenoxylate 250 Morphine 450 Dipipanone 1 Oxycodone 1 338 5 Oxymorphone 103 Ecgonine 51 Pethidine 1 688 3 Remifentanil 2 51 Central African Republic* Etorphine 3 Codeine 15 000 1 Fentanyl 3 Fentanyl 100 000 Methadone 1 500 Furanylfentanyl 5 Morphine 6 000 1 Pethidine 4 000 Heroin 90 000 Chad* Hydrocodone 110 000 Codeine 150 Hydromorphinol 5 Fentanyl 96 Hydromorphone 2 500 000 Morphine 350 Isomethadone 5 Chile Ketobemidone 5 Alfentanil 10 Levomethorphan 5 Cannabis 25 000 Levomoramide 1 Cocaine 40 11 Codeine 750 000 Levorphanol 11 Etorphine 2 3 Fentanyl 8 184 Methadone 4 500 000 Methadone 20 500 Methadone intermediate 10 Morphine 160 000 1 Oxycodone 8 200 Moramide intermediate 5 Pethidine 25 000 1 Remifentanil 600 Morphine 4 000 000 China Morphine -N-oxide 3 Alfentanil 5 MPPP 60 Cannabis 5 MT -45 2 Cocaine 5 000 Norcodeine 5 Codeine 9 450 000 1 Conc. of poppy straw

5

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

AMA 200 300 000 Remifentanil 100 Dihydrocodeine 900 000 Sufentanil 10 Diphenoxylate 3 300 000 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Etorphine 50 Thebaine 2 Fentanyl 65 000 Thiofentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 50 000 China, Macao SAR Hydromorphone 10 000 3-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Methadone 2 100 000 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Morphine 10 700 000 6-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Opium 10 100 000 Acetyldihydrocodeine 2 Oripavine 50 Acetylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 1 500 000 Acrylfentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 15 000 AH -7921 1 Pethidine 1 500 000 Alfentanil 4 Pholcodine 1 010 000 Alphaprodine 2 Remifentanil 50 000 Anileridine 2 Sufentanil 20 000 Bezitramide 2 Thebaine 300 000 Butyrfentanyl 1 Tilidine 200 000 Cannabis 8 China, Hong Kong SAR Cannabis resin 8 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Carfentanil 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Coca leaf 2 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Cocaine 20 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Codeine 3 000 Acrylfentanyl 1 Cyclopropylfentanyl 1 Alfentanil 20 Dextromoramide 2 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Difenoxin 2 Anileridine 1 Dihydrocodeine 500 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 30 Butyrfentanyl 1 Dipipanone 2 Cannabis 4 Ecgonine 2 Cannabis resin 2 Ethylmorphine 2 Coca leaf 2 Etorphine 2 Cocaine 7 500 Fentanyl 70 Codeine 4 501 000 Furanylfentanyl 1 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Heroin 5 Cyclopropylfentanyl 2 Hydrocodone 4 Desomorphine 1 Hydromorphone 2 Dextromoramide 5 Ketobemidone 2 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Levorphanol 2 Dihydrocodeine 514 000 Methadone 10 000 Diphenoxylate 12 050 Methoxyacetylfentanyl 1 Dipipanone 500 Morphine 5 000 Ecgonine 2 MT -45 1 Ethylmorphine 30 050 Nicomorphine 2 Etonitazene 1 Norcodeine 2 Etorphine 4 Normethadone 2 Fentanyl 250 Ocfentanil 1 Furanylfentanyl 1 Opium 2 Heroin 15 Oripavine 2 Hydrocodone 150 Orthofluorofentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 2 000 Oxycodone 600 Isomethadone 1 Oxymorphone 2 Levomethorphan 1 Parafluorobutyrylfentanyl 1 Levorphanol 1 Pethidine 3 000 Methadone 180 000 Phenoperidine 2 Methoxyacetylfentanyl 2 Pholcodine 15 Morphine 32 000 Piritramide 2 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Remifentanil 10 MT -45 2 Sufentanil 3 Norcodeine 1 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Normethadone 250 Thebacon 2 Normorphine 1 Thebaine 2 Ocfentanil 1 Tilidine 2 Opium 25 000 U-47700 1 Orthofluorofentanyl 2 Christmas Island Oxycodone 12 500 Fentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 1 Hydromorphone 1 Parafluorobutyrylfentanyl 2 Morphine 1 Pethidine 34 000 Oxycodone 30 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Colombia Phenazocine 1 Alfentanil 5 Pholcodine 5 001 000 Cannabis 56 543 000 Racemethorphan 1 Cannabis resin 1 000

6

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Cocaine 50 Morphine 101 000 Codeine 2 000 000 Morphine -N-oxide 50 Codeine -N-oxide 5 Norcodeine 50 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 000 Oxycodone 20 000 Diphenoxylate 45 000 Oxymorphone 500 Ecgonine 20 Pethidine 8 500 Etorphine 6 Pholcodine 40 000 Fentanyl 7 000 Piritramide 5 Heroin 20 Remifentanil 10 Hydrocodone 291 000 Sufentanil 15 Hydromorphone 20 000 Thebaine 500 Methadone 42 000 Cuba Morphine 100 000 Cocaine 2 Opium 10 Codeine 222 000 Oxycodone 305 000 Ecgonine 1 Oxymorphone 6 Etorphine 2 Pethidine 50 000 Fentanyl 128 Remifentanil 3 500 Heroin 1 Sufentanil 6 Hydrocodone 1 Thebaine 6 Hydromorphone 1 Tilidine 6 Methadone 1 Comoros Morphine 27 000 Fentanyl 1 Norcodeine 1 Morphine 320 Normorphine 2 Pethidine 120 Oxycodone 1 Sufentanil 1 Oxymorphone 1 Congo* Pethidine 18 000 Codeine 3 500 Remifentanil 4 000 Fentanyl 5 Thebaine 1 Morphine 2 500 Curaçao Pethidine 3 500 Alfentanil 5 Cook Islands* Bezitramide 2 Cocaine 10 Cannabis 3 Codeine 62 Cocaine 200 Fentanyl 1 Codeine 10 000 Heroin 10 Dextromoramide 5 Methadone 1 Fentanyl 125 Morphine 94 Heroin 1 Oxycodone 10 Hydrocodone 5 Pethidine 25 Methadone 20 Costa Rica Morphine 750 Cannabis 2 Nicomorphine 5 Cocaine 10 Opium 25 Codeine 1 539 200 Oxycodone 75 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Pethidine 850 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Piritramide 250 Fentanyl 379 Remifentanil 3 Heroin 10 Sufentanil 2 Methadone 7 078 Cyprus Morphine 50 275 Alfentanil 4 Oxycodone 9 941 Cannabis 100 000 Pethidine 566 Cannabis resin 1 Côte d'Ivoire Cocaine 2 Cocaine 1 Codeine 192 000 Codeine 120 000 Dextropropoxyphene 15 000 Fentanyl 70 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Heroin 1 Diphenoxylate 2 000 Methadone 1 Ecgonine 2 Morphine 1 500 Etorphine 2 Pholcodine 30 000 Fentanyl 300 Sufentanil 2 Heroin 2 Croatia Hydrocodone 2 Alfentanil 5 Hydromorphone 2 Cannabis 1 000 Methadone 400 Cannabis resin 2 000 Morphine 3 000 Cocaine 800 Oripavine 2 000 Codeine 420 000 Oxycodone 24 600 Codeine -N-oxide 15 Oxymorphone 2 Dihydrocodeine 50 Pethidine 7 500 Ecgonine 1 Remifentanil 250 Fentanyl 2 900 Sufentanil 50 Heroin 1 Thebaine 2 Hydrocodone 3 000 Czechia Hydromorphone 3 000 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Methadone 140 000 Acrylfentanyl 1

7

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Alfentanil 130 Ketobemidone 18 750 Cannabis 70 000 Levorphanol 1 Cannabis resin 10 Methadone 240 000 Carfentanil 1 Methadone intermediate 1 Cocaine 3 000 Morphine 600 488 Codeine 460 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Codeine -N-oxide 5 MPPP 1 Desomorphine 1 Nicomorphine 750 Dihydrocodeine 10 Norcodeine 1 Dihydromorphine 5 Opium 37 500 Ecgonine 10 Oripavine 1 605 Ethylmorphine 3 000 Oxycodone 300 000 Etorphine 3 Oxymorphone 600 000 Fentanyl 13 500 Pethidine 37 500 Heroin 5 Pholcodine 19 Hydrocodone 40 Remifentanil 1 275 Hydromorphone 15 000 Sufentanil 15 Methadone 25 000 Thebacon 4 Morphine 90 000 Thebaine 1 162 500 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Djibouti* Norcodeine 5 Alfentanil 1 Normorphine 10 Fentanyl 1 Opium 2 000 Morphine 875 Oripavine 5 Remifentanil 1 Oxycodone 200 000 Sufentanil 1 Oxymorphone 5 Dominica Pethidine 40 000 Codeine 28 Piritramide 12 000 Dihydrocodeine 109 Remifentanil 25 Fentanyl 1 Sufentanil 90 Hydrocodone 5 Thebaine 3 606 000 Morphine 190 Thiofentanyl 1 Pethidine 622 Tilidine 10 Dominican Republic Democratic People's Republic of Korea Alfentanil 100 Cocaine 1 000 Codeine 220 000 Codeine 25 000 Dihydrocodeine 500 Etorphine 3 Fentanyl 1 000 Fentanyl 500 Hydrocodone 1 000 Methadone 25 Hydromorphone 1 000 Morphine 25 000 Methadone 1 500 Opium 600 000 Morphine 20 000 Democratic Republic of the Congo Oxycodone 7 000 Alfentanil 10 Oxymorphone 500 Codeine 70 000 Pethidine 2 000 Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 Remifentanil 500 Diphenoxylate 10 000 Ecuador Fentanyl 500 Cannabis 2 500 Methadone 30 Cocaine 10 Morphine 40 000 Codeine 200 000 Pethidine 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 200 Sufentanil 5 Fentanyl 1 610 Denmark* Heroin 10 Alfentanil 450 Hydrocodone 208 Cannabis 375 000 Methadone 500 Cocaine 2 700 Morphine 48 062 Codeine 1 575 000 Oxycodone 20 000 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Remifentanil 1 000 Conc. of poppy straw Egypt ACA 743 850 Alfentanil 1 AMA 131 325 Cocaine 1 AOA 720 Codeine 400 000 ATA 865 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Desomorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine 3 000 Dextropropoxyphene 188 Diphenoxylate 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Ecgonine 1 8 Fentanyl 6 500 Dihydromorphine 3 Heroin 1 Diphenoxylate 750 Hydrocodone 5 000 Ecgonine 1 Hydromorphone 2 000 Ethylmorphine 428 Methadone 1 Etorphine 4 Morphine 22 000 Fentanyl 12 000 Oxycodone 24 000 Heroin 37 500 Oxymorphone 1 Hydrocodone 7 500 Pethidine 90 000 Hydromorphone 37 500 Pholcodine 200 000

8

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Piritramide 300 Pethidine 8 Remifentanil 200 Pholcodine 8 Sufentanil 50 Remifentanil 1 El Salvador Fiji Codeine 900 000 Cannabis 1 Fentanyl 550 Cannabis resin 1 Hydrocodone 500 Cocaine 1 Methadone 10 000 Codeine 3 000 Morphine 20 000 Fentanyl 1 Opium 16 000 Heroin 1 Oxycodone 7 500 Methadone 50 Pethidine 28 000 Morphine 3 000 Remifentanil 200 Oxycodone 50 Equatorial Guinea* Pethidine 4 000 Cocaine 150 Finland Codeine 263 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 75 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 113 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Methadone 263 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Tilidine 263 Acetylfentanyl 1 Eritrea* Acrylfentanyl 1 Codeine 6 500 AH -7921 1 Fentanyl 1 Alfentanil 300 Morphine 3 000 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Pethidine 5 000 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Estonia Beta -Hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Cannabis 2 000 Butyrfentanyl 1 Cannabis resin 3 Cannabis 95 000 Carfentanil 5 Carfentanil 1 Cocaine 900 Cocaine 8 000 Codeine 1 000 Codeine 550 000 Desomorphine 1 Desomorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine 500 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Dihydromorphine 200 Dihydrocodeine 1 Ecgonine 26 Ecgonine 1 Ethylmorphine 100 Ethylmorphine 60 100 Etorphine 30 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 500 Fentanyl 20 000 Heroin 3 Furanylfentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 200 Heroin 1 Hydromorphone 200 Hydrocodone 5 Methadone 30 000 Hydromorphone 3 500 Morphine 10 000 Levomethorphan 1 Opium 4 Methadone 80 000 Oripavine 500 Morphine 80 000 Oxycodone 20 000 MPPP 1 Oxymorphone 200 Norcodeine 1 Pethidine 4 500 Normethadone 2 Remifentanil 16 Opium 5 000 Thebaine 900 Oxycodone 500 000 Eswatini Oxymorphone 1 Alfentanil 1 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Codeine 2 730 Pethidine 3 000 Dihydrocodeine 800 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Fentanyl 2 Pholcodine 5 Methadone 1 Remifentanil 500 Morphine 8 600 Sufentanil 5 Pethidine 3 753 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 90 U-47700 1 Ethiopia* France Codeine 150 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 3 Diphenoxylate 1 500 Acetylfentanyl 3 Fentanyl 30 Alfentanil 1 500 Methadone 1 500 Alpha -methylfentanyl 3 Morphine 450 000 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 3 Pethidine 160 000 Alphaprodine 3 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Anileridine 3 Alfentanil 1 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 3 Codeine 275 Bezitramide 3 Dihydrocodeine 65 Cannabis 1 000 000 Fentanyl 6 Cannabis resin 200 Heroin 5 Coca leaf 1 000 Methadone 17 Cocaine 3 000 Morphine 40 Codeine 30 007 000

9

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Codeine -N-oxide 5 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Dextromoramide 3 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Dextropropoxyphene 200 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Difenoxin 3 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 100 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Dipipanone 1 000 Acetylfentanyl 1 Ecgonine 5 Acrylfentanyl 1 Ethylmorphine 202 000 AH-7921 1 Etorphine 3 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 90 000 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Heroin 100 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 100 Benzylmorphine 1 Hydromorphone 15 000 Beta-Hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Ketobemidone 1 000 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Levorphanol 3 Butyrfentanyl 1 Methadone 1 500 000 Cannabis 1 Morphine 84 000 000 Cannabis resin 1 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Carfentanil 1 Nicomorphine 3 Cocaine 1 Norcodeine 3 Codeine 100 Normethadone 3 Desomorphine 1 Opium 12 001 000 Dextromoramide 1 Oripavine 200 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxycodone 24 000 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Oxymorphone 200 Dihydromorphine 1 Para -fluorofentanyl 3 Drotebanol 1 Pethidine 5 000 Ecgonine 1 Phenoperidine 3 Ethylmethylthiambutene 1 Pholcodine 1 001 000 Ethylmorphine 1 Piritramide 3 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 2 500 Fentanyl 100 Sufentanil 800 Furanylfentanyl 1 Thebacon 3 Heroin 1 Thebaine 30 001 000 Hydrocodone 1 Tilidine 100 Metazocine 1 French Polynesia Methadone 135 000 Alfentanil 20 Methadone intermediate 1 Cannabis 1 Methyldesorphine 1 Cannabis resin 20 Morphine 15 000 Cocaine 50 MPPP 1 Codeine 5 MT -45 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Ocfentanil 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Oripavine 1 Fentanyl 250 Oxycodone 100 Heroin 20 Oxymorphone 1 Hydromorphone 5 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Methadone 150 PEPAP 1 Morphine 3 000 Pethidine 10 Oxycodone 250 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Remifentanil 20 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Sufentanil 2 Racemethorphan 1 Gabon Racemorphan 1 Alfentanil 9 Remifentanil 1 Codeine 2 240 Sufentanil 1 Etorphine 5 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 112 Thebaine 1 Morphine 14 920 Thiofentanyl 1 Opium 2 Tilidine 1 Pethidine 750 Trimeperidine 900 Pholcodine 1 250 U-47700 1 Remifentanil 1 Germany Sufentanil 302 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Gambia Acetylfentanyl 1 Codeine 188 AH -7921 1 Dextropropoxyphene 188 Alfentanil 2 000 Dihydrocodeine 188 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 700 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 2 Methadone 10 Butyrfentanyl 1 Morphine 300 Cannabis 16 100 000 Oxycodone 200 Carfentanil 1 Pethidine 1 000 Cocaine 5 100 Georgia Codeine 15 005 100 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Codeine -N-oxide 1

10

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Desomorphine 2 Dihydrocodeine 5 Dextromoramide 1 Fentanyl 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Methadone 1 Dihydrocodeine 60 000 Morphine 53 Dihydromorphine 1 Oxycodone 2 Diphenoxylate 20 Pethidine 575 Ecgonine 1 Guatemala Ethylmorphine 1 Alfentanil 2 Etorphine 3 Codeine 200 000 Fentanyl 300 000 Diphenoxylate 8 000 Furanylfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 350 Heroin 120 000 Hydrocodone 10 000 Hydrocodone 200 Methadone 3 000 Hydromorphinol 1 Morphine 8 000 Hydromorphone 900 000 Oxycodone 18 000 Ketobemidone 10 000 Pethidine 30 000 Levomethorphan 1 Remifentanil 20 Levorphanol 1 Guinea* Methadone 1 500 000 Codeine 4 500 Morphine 1 900 050 Fentanyl 75 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Morphine 1 500 Opium 600 000 Pethidine 6 500 Oripavine 7 500 500 Sufentanil 8 Oxycodone 3 500 000 Guinea -Bissau* Oxymorphone 4 010 000 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 435 000 Morphine 1 550 Pholcodine 3 Pethidine 1 250 Piritramide 130 000 Guyana Remifentanil 6 000 Cocaine 10 Sufentanil 1 200 Codeine 88 000 Thebaine 5 200 102 Fentanyl 10 Tilidine 40 576 000 Heroin 10 Ghana Hydrocodone 10 Cocaine 10 Hydromorphone 10 Codeine 150 000 Methadone 2 000 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Morphine 4 832 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Oxycodone 10 Fentanyl 65 Oxymorphone 10 Heroin 2 Pethidine 11 880 Methadone 2 Pholcodine 5 000 Morphine 65 000 Remifentanil 10 Oxycodone 700 Haiti Pethidine 100 000 Codeine 526 Thebaine 1 Fentanyl 43 Gibraltar Morphine 6 845 Alfentanil 1 Honduras Cannabis 1 500 Codeine 11 086 Cocaine 10 Fentanyl 40 Dihydrocodeine 5 Morphine 1 086 Fentanyl 150 Oxycodone 1 066 Heroin 40 Pethidine 1 035 Hydromorphone 5 Hungary Methadone 10 Acetylfentanyl 1 Morphine 400 Alfentanil 3 Oxycodone 950 Butyrfentanyl 1 Pethidine 30 Cannabis 1 001 Remifentanil 5 Carfentanil 1 Greece Cocaine 1 300 Alfentanil 5 000 Codeine 11 492 011 Cannabis 5 000 Codeine -N-oxide 5 Cocaine 1 520 Conc. of poppy straw Codeine 640 000 ACA 2 565 020 Dextropropoxyphene 100 000 AMA 14 750 030 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 AOA 98 800 Fentanyl 17 000 ATA 137 525 Methadone 67 500 Desomorphine 1 Morphine 3 800 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Oxycodone 20 000 Difenoxin 1 Oxymorphone 2 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Pethidine 28 000 Ecgonine 1 Piritramide 80 000 Ethylmorphine 45 000 Remifentanil 1 500 Fentanyl 16 000 Sufentanil 1 000 Hydrocodone 1 Grenada Hydromorphone 2 000 Codeine 906 Methadone 21 000

11

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Morphine 18 011 950 Cannabis resin 10 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Coca leaf 2 Oripavine 2 500 Cocaine 100 Oxycodone 3 678 200 Codeine 26 000 000 Oxymorphone 3 000 000 Conc. of poppy straw Pethidine 25 000 AMA 10 000 000 Piritramide 15 Dextromoramide 10 Remifentanil 10 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Sufentanil 7 Difenoxin 2 Thebaine 11 000 001 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Tilidine 1 Diphenoxylate 1 000 000 U-47700 1 Dipipanone 1 Iceland Ethylmorphine 100 Alfentanil 1 Etorphine 2 Cannabis 250 Fentanyl 850 Codeine 120 000 Heroin 50 Diphenoxylate 2 Hydrocodone 50 Fentanyl 450 Hydromorphone 50 Hydromorphone 100 Levorphanol 1 Ketobemidone 500 Methadone 5 500 000 Methadone 500 Morphine 35 000 Morphine 8 500 Normethadone 1 Opium 50 Opium 25 000 000 Oxycodone 11 500 Oxycodone 500 000 Pethidine 200 Oxymorphone 10 Remifentanil 22 Pethidine 570 000 Sufentanil 1 Pholcodine 1 India Remifentanil 750 Cannabis 20 Sufentanil 15 Cannabis resin 20 Thebacon 1 Cocaine 20 Thebaine 220 000 Codeine 65 000 000 Tilidine 10 Dextropropoxyphene 11 000 000 Iraq* Difenoxin 5 Codeine 2 500 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 000 Diphenoxylate 431 250 Diphenoxylate 14 100 000 Fentanyl 225 Ecgonine 2 Morphine 8 000 Ethylmorphine 500 000 Pethidine 65 000 Etorphine 10 Remifentanil 57 Fentanyl 13 750 Ireland Heroin 50 Alfentanil 185 Hydrocodone 10 Cannabis 200 Hydromorphone 2 Cannabis resin 5 Levorphanol 17 000 Coca leaf 5 Methadone 10 000 000 Cocaine 1 000 Morphine 20 650 000 Codeine 5 007 400 Morphine -N-oxide 10 Dextromoramide 500 Normethadone 10 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 010 Normorphine 10 Dihydrocodeine 61 700 Opium 228 000 000 Dipipanone 250 Oripavine 2 060 000 Ethylmorphine 5 Oxycodone 130 000 Etorphine 1 Oxymorphone 5 Fentanyl 6 000 Pethidine 700 000 Heroin 5 Pholcodine 600 000 Hydrocodone 1 000 Remifentanil 1 500 Hydromorphone 3 500 Sufentanil 25 Levorphanol 5 Thebaine 2 000 000 Methadone 250 000 Tilidine 140 000 Morphine 54 000 Trimeperidine 300 000 Normethadone 5 Indonesia Opium 1 100 Cocaine 2 Oripavine 100 Codeine 3 631 833 Oxycodone 150 000 Fentanyl 3 954 Oxymorphone 1 000 Hydromorphone 2 974 Pethidine 10 000 Methadone 161 712 Pholcodine 280 000 Morphine 137 370 Remifentanil 200 Oxycodone 14 353 Sufentanil 150 Pethidine 229 680 Thebaine 500 Remifentanil 683 Tilidine 500 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Israel Alfentanil 100 Alfentanil 3 Alphaprodine 2 Cannabis 27 400 000 Anileridine 2 Cocaine 700 Cannabis 100 Codeine 1 700 000

12

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Codeine -N-oxide 5 Heroin 5 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 300 AOA 8 452 500 Morphine 10 000 Etorphine 3 Oxycodone 130 Fentanyl 19 000 Pethidine 20 000 Heroin 10 Remifentanil 5 Hydrocodone 5 Japan Hydromorphone 500 Acetylfentanyl 2 Methadone 270 000 Alfentanil 5 Morphine 60 000 Beta -Hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Morphine -N-oxide 5 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 2 Opium 40 Carfentanil 1 Oxycodone 600 000 Cocaine 20 100 Oxymorphone 10 Codeine 16 230 000 Pethidine 20 000 Conc. of poppy straw Remifentanil 400 ACA 1 632 288 Italy AMA 18 876 772 3-Methylfentanyl 2 ATA 1 000 160 Alfentanil 15 Dextromoramide 2 Alphaprodine 2 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Anileridine 2 Dihydrocodeine 13 010 000 Bezitramide 2 Dihydromorphine 2 Cannabis 1 980 000 Dimethylmorphine 1 Cocaine 82 Drotebanol 1 400 Codeine 38 000 000 Etorphine 3 Codeine -N-oxide 10 Fentanyl 40 000 Conc. of poppy straw Hydrocodone 2 ACA 20 000 000 Hydromorphone 45 000 AMA 4 500 000 1 AOA 3 750 000 Levomethorphan 1 ATA 2 000 000 Levorphanol 1 Dextromoramide 10 Methadone 11 000 Dextropropoxyphene 6 Morphine 17 340 000 Difenoxin 5 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Dihydrocodeine 250 010 Normethadone 2 Dihydroetorphine 2 Opium 25 150 000 Dihydromorphine 5 Oxycodone 750 000 Diphenoxylate 6 Oxymorphone 1 Dipipanone 3 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Ecgonine 11 Pethidine 90 000 Ethylmorphine 7 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Etorphine 22 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Fentanyl 70 000 Remifentanil 14 000 Heroin 59 Sufentanil 2 Hydrocodone 8 Thebaine 1 601 000 Hydromorphone 199 500 Thiofentanyl 2 Ketobemidone 2 Jordan Levomethorphan 5 Cocaine 1 Levorphanol 6 Codeine 40 000 Methadone 3 020 000 Dihydrocodeine 300 Methadone intermediate 2 Fentanyl 800 Morphine 2 600 000 Hydrocodone 1 MPPP 2 Levorphanol 1 Nicomorphine 3 Methadone 300 Normethadone 2 Morphine 70 000 Opium 5 Oxycodone 4 000 Oripavine 4 Oxymorphone 1 Oxycodone 1 300 000 Pethidine 70 000 Oxymorphone 3 500 006 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine 110 000 Remifentanil 400 Phenazocine 1 Kazakhstan Pholcodine 300 005 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Piritramide 12 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Racemoramide 5 Cocaine 1 Remifentanil 3 000 Codeine 2 074 Sufentanil 100 Desomorphine 1 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 2 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Thebacon 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 Thebaine 2 000 007 Dihydromorphine 1 Tilidine 7 Diphenoxylate 1 Jamaica Ecgonine 1 Cannabis 39 732 264 Ethylmorphine 1 Cocaine 25 Fentanyl 1 351 Codeine 25 300 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 40 Hydrocodone 1

13

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Hydromorphone 1 Codeine 300 Methadone 30 661 Fentanyl 1 500 Morphine 34 492 Heroin 1 Norcodeine 1 Hydrocodone 1 Normethadone 1 Hydromorphone 220 Normorphine 1 Methadone 21 000 Oxycodone 11 481 Morphine 6 000 Pethidine 1 Oripavine 1 Pholcodine 1 Oxycodone 220 1 Oxymorphone 1 Propiram 1 Pethidine 690 Racemethorphan 1 Remifentanil 10 Sufentanil 1 Sufentanil 1 Thebaine 9 Thebaine 1 Trimeperidine 49 899 Trimeperidine 4 600 Kenya Lebanon Cannabis 1 Codeine 61 000 Cannabis resin 1 Fentanyl 300 Codeine 180 000 Morphine 8 000 Dihydrocodeine 50 000 Oxycodone 3 000 Etorphine 20 Pethidine 20 000 Fentanyl 150 Remifentanil 150 Hydrocodone 2 000 Sufentanil 3 Hydromorphone 75 Lesotho Methadone 150 000 Cannabis 30 738 Morphine 150 000 Codeine 10 200 Oxycodone 2 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 280 Pethidine 130 000 Fentanyl 9 Pholcodine 50 000 Morphine 74 125 Remifentanil 60 Pethidine 2 000 Kiribati Tilidine 10 Codeine 55 Liberia Fentanyl 1 Codeine 3 000 Morphine 45 Fentanyl 75 Pethidine 180 Methadone 1 000 Kuwait Morphine 5 000 Alfentanil 300 Pethidine 3 000 Cannabis 500 Libya* Cannabis resin 100 Alfentanil 4 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 45 Codeine 2 500 Morphine 500 Dihydrocodeine 1 Oxycodone 375 Diphenoxylate 1 Pethidine 5 000 Fentanyl 950 Lithuania Hydrocodone 10 Cocaine 2 Hydromorphone 10 Codeine 2 Methadone 275 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Morphine 4 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Opium 50 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 9 000 Fentanyl 1 000 Pethidine 19 000 Heroin 2 Remifentanil 730 Methadone 12 500 Sufentanil 2 Morphine 12 000 Kyrgyzstan Morphine-N-oxide 1 Cocaine 1 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 4 000 Oripavine 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 40 Pethidine 17 500 Methadone 40 000 Remifentanil 15 Morphine 5 000 Thebaine 1 Trimeperidine 10 000 Trimeperidine 2 Lao People's Democratic Republic Luxembourg Cannabis 1 Alfentanil 6 Cocaine 1 Cannabis 200 000 Codeine 25 000 Cocaine 180 Fentanyl 9 Codeine 21 Heroin 200 Fentanyl 892 Morphine 4 500 Heroin 3 128 Opium 1 Hydromorphone 683 Pethidine 7 500 Methadone 14 700 Latvia Morphine 5 100 Alfentanil 10 Opium 1 834 Cannabis 1 Oxycodone 6 085 Cannabis resin 1 Pethidine 257 Cocaine 1 Piritramide 1 430

14

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Remifentanil 48 Fentanyl 15 Sufentanil 3 Morphine 6 000 Tilidine 47 927 Mauritius Madagascar Alfentanil 1 Alfentanil 43 Etorphine 1 Codeine 37 608 Fentanyl 80 Ethylmorphine 20 250 Methadone 80 000 Fentanyl 91 Morphine 1 900 Morphine 7 638 Pethidine 10 000 Opium 100 020 Remifentanil 5 Sufentanil 4 Sufentanil 1 Malawi Mexico Cannabis 10 000 Alfentanil 1 Codeine 30 000 Alphaprodine 1 Etorphine 2 Anileridine 1 Fentanyl 2 Bezitramide 1 Methadone 500 Cannabis 14 015 Morphine 60 000 Cannabis resin 15 Pethidine 45 000 Coca leaf 1 Malaysia Cocaine 26 Alfentanil 10 Codeine 603 044 Cannabis 3 330 Dextromoramide 1 Cannabis resin 15 Dextropropoxyphene 12 Cocaine 6 000 Difenoxin 1 Codeine 90 001 Dihydrocodeine 1 Dihydrocodeine 100 000 Diphenoxylate 1 Diphenoxylate 90 000 Dipipanone 1 Etorphine 3 Etorphine 10 Fentanyl 1 000 Fentanyl 8 842 Heroin 20 Heroin 16 Hydrocodone 10 Hydrocodone 6 Hydromorphone 10 Hydromorphone 6 251 Methadone 600 000 Ketobemidone 1 Morphine 60 000 Levorphanol 1 Oxycodone 25 000 Methadone 199 806 Oxymorphone 10 Morphine 371 506 Pethidine 100 000 Opium 2 Pholcodine 100 000 Oripavine 1 Remifentanil 150 Oxycodone 158 247 Sufentanil 1 Oxymorphone 11 Thebaine 10 Pethidine 4 Maldives Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 29 Remifentanil 1 646 Methadone 2 500 Sufentanil 83 Morphine 194 Thebaine 1 Pethidine 507 Tilidine 1 Mali Micronesia (Federated States of) Alfentanil 1 Codeine 1 179 Codeine 7 005 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 60 Morphine 152 Morphine 10 005 Oxycodone 8 000 Oxycodone 9 200 Pethidine 211 Pethidine 200 Mongolia Remifentanil 2 Codeine 28 834 Sufentanil 2 Fentanyl 1 Malta Morphine 5 427 Alfentanil 60 Phenazocine 133 Cannabis 685 000 Sufentanil 62 Cocaine 1 Trimeperidine 704 Codeine 2 Montenegro Fentanyl 120 Cannabis 2 Heroin 33 Cannabis resin 1 Methadone 23 000 Cocaine 1 Morphine 4 500 Codeine 1 Oxycodone 60 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pethidine 3 900 Ethylmethylthiambutene 1 Remifentanil 6 Fentanyl 320 Sufentanil 1 Heroin 1 Marshall Islands* Hydrocodone 1 Codeine 97 Methadone 4 201 Fentanyl 1 Morphine 491 Morphine 75 Normethadone 1 Pethidine 166 Oxycodone 1 Mauritania* Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 6 000 Pethidine 170

15

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Remifentanil 4 Difenoxin 1 Thebaine 1 Dihydrocodeine 20 Montserrat Dihydroetorphine 1 Codeine 77 Ecgonine 2 Morphine 2 Ethylmorphine 40 Pethidine 28 Etorphine 12 Morocco Fentanyl 47 000 Alfentanil 75 Furanylfentanyl 1 Codeine 3 326 520 Heroin 120 000 Fentanyl 541 Hydrocodone 1 Methadone 80 540 Hydromorphone 4 000 Morphine 40 003 Methadone 310 000 Oxycodone 21 870 Morphine 170 000 Pholcodine 105 600 Nicomorphine 1 Remifentanil 4 Norcodeine 1 Sufentanil 20 Opium 5 000 Mozambique Oripavine 250 Codeine 25 300 Oxycodone 900 000 Diphenoxylate 5 500 Pethidine 10 000 Etorphine 5 Pholcodine 70 100 Fentanyl 400 Piritramide 13 000 Morphine 17 000 Remifentanil 1 750 Pethidine 13 000 Sufentanil 60 Pholcodine 700 Thebaine 300 Myanmar New Caledonia Codeine 52 540 Alfentanil 3 Fentanyl 1 985 Cannabis 5 000 Methadone 1 347 300 Cocaine 5 Morphine 84 000 Codeine 5 Opium 5 000 000 Fentanyl 300 Oxycodone 5 000 Hydromorphone 80 Pethidine 17 000 Methadone 400 Sufentanil 10 Morphine 5 000 Namibia Oxycodone 3 000 Alfentanil 5 Remifentanil 35 Codeine 2 000 Sufentanil 5 Etorphine 15 New Zealand Fentanyl 130 Alfentanil 109 Hydromorphone 4 000 Cannabis 21 000 Methadone 24 Cannabis resin 5 Morphine 10 000 Cocaine 4 000 Oxycodone 2 000 Codeine 1 400 000 Pethidine 20 000 Dextromoramide 10 Remifentanil 10 Dextropropoxyphene 40 Sufentanil 5 Difenoxin 3 Tilidine 700 Dihydrocodeine 250 000 Nauru* Diphenoxylate 10 Codeine 23 Dipipanone 4 Fentanyl 1 Ethylmorphine 100 Morphine 4 Etorphine 3 Oxycodone 3 Fentanyl 5 000 Pethidine 30 Heroin 20 Nepal Hydrocodone 1 Codeine 350 000 Hydromorphone 35 Etorphine 3 Methadone 500 000 Fentanyl 200 Morphine 280 000 Methadone 30 000 Nicomorphine 1 Morphine 25 000 Opium 15 000 Pethidine 30 000 Oxycodone 230 000 Netherlands Oxymorphone 5 Acetylfentanyl 1 Pethidine 30 000 Acrylfentanyl 1 Pholcodine 56 000 AH -7921 1 Remifentanil 120 Alfentanil 220 Sufentanil 1 Alphameprodine 1 Thebaine 400 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Tilidine 1 Anileridine 1 Nicaragua Butyrfentanyl 1 Codeine 8 239 Cannabis 300 000 Dextropropoxyphene 8 239 Carfentanil 1 Fentanyl 258 Coca leaf 300 000 Morphine 3 560 Cocaine 12 000 Oxycodone 2 637 Codeine 30 000 Niger Dextromoramide 50 Codeine 525 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Fentanyl 20

16

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Methadone 1 Hydromorphone 2 000 Morphine 125 Ketobemidone 11 000 Oxycodone 59 Levorphanol 1 Pethidine 118 Methadone 120 000 Sufentanil 10 Morphine 3 640 000 Nigeria Morphine -N-oxide 1 Cocaine 375 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 4 240 000 Normorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine 30 000 Ocfentanil 1 Diphenoxylate 20 000 Opium 7 000 Etorphine 8 Oxycodone 400 000 Fentanyl 11 Oxymorphone 1 Hydromorphone 1 000 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Methadone 5 000 Pethidine 20 000 Morphine 90 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Oxycodone 5 000 Pholcodine 1 Oxymorphone 5 000 Remifentanil 500 Pethidine 36 000 Sufentanil 2 Pholcodine 30 000 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Niue Oman Codeine 30 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 3 Codeine 10 107 889 Morphine 2 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Oxycodone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 4 Pethidine 15 Dihydrocodeine 13 Norfolk Island Fentanyl 329 Codeine 15 Methadone 54 Fentanyl 2 Morphine 88 884 Hydromorphone 1 Norcodeine 1 Morphine 2 Oripavine 1 Oxycodone 40 Oxycodone 1 North Macedonia Pethidine 13 241 Cannabis 1 000 000 Remifentanil 58 Cocaine 1 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 2 021 047 Thebaine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Pakistan AMA 2 400 000 Codeine 1 800 000 Fentanyl 70 Diphenoxylate 819 000 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 750 Hydrocodone 2 Levomethorphan 2 Methadone 450 025 Morphine 20 000 Morphine 55 030 Oxycodone 750 Oripavine 1 Pethidine 40 000 Oxycodone 93 660 Pholcodine 3 000 000 Oxymorphone 2 Remifentanil 6 Pholcodine 150 041 Palau Remifentanil 31 Codeine 300 Thebaine 4 Fentanyl 2 Norway Hydrocodone 15 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Methadone 10 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Morphine 85 Acetylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 300 Acrylfentanyl 1 Pethidine 330 Alfentanil 300 Panama Cannabis 100 000 Cocaine 1 Cannabis resin 5 Codeine 20 000 Carfentanil 1 Fentanyl 600 Cocaine 1 000 Heroin 1 Codeine 15 000 500 Morphine 10 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 5 000 ACA 19 425 000 Pethidine 6 000 AMA 36 075 000 Remifentanil 300 AOA 1 665 000 Papua New Guinea Desomorphine 1 Codeine 1 939 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Dextropropoxyphene 86 Dihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 3 Dimethylmorphine 1 Methadone 1 Dipheno xylate 1 Morphine 1 683 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 2 189 Ethylmorphine 1 205 Pethidine 7 915 Etorphine 2 Paraguay Fentanyl 9 000 Alfentanil 130 Furanylfentanyl 1 Alphaprodine 3 Heroin 10 Cannabis 10 Hydrocodone 100 Cocaine 8

17

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Codeine 300 000 Oxymorphone 100 Dihydrocodeine 2 Pethidine 100 000 Ethylmorphine 4 000 Pethidine intermediate B 5 Fentanyl 2 800 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Heroin 3 Pholcodine 20 000 Hydrocodone 3 Remifentanil 600 Hydromorphone 3 Sufentanil 40 Levorphanol 3 Thebaine 350 Methadone 2 215 Tilidine 200 000 Morphine 25 000 U-47700 0 Oxycodone 7 Portugal Oxymorphone 5 Alfentanil 300 Pethidine 5 000 Cannabis 30 000 Remifentanil 500 Cannabis resin 2 Peru Cocaine 4 000 Cannabis 500 000 Codeine 2 000 000 Cannabis resin 250 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Cocaine 500 000 Desomorphine 1 Codeine 730 000 Dextromoramide 1 Fentanyl 10 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Hydrocodone 1 000 Difenoxin 1 Methadone 1 050 Dihydrocodeine 1 Morphine 100 000 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 100 000 Ethylmorphine 1 Pethidine 50 000 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 2 000 Fentanyl 15 000 Philippines Heroin 1 Cannabis 2 Hydrocodone 1 Cannabis resin 2 Hydromorphone 20 000 Cocaine 2 Levomethorphan 1 Codeine 2 Methadone 300 000 Fentanyl 800 Morphine 80 000 Heroin 2 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Hydrocodone 2 Normethadone 1 Hydromorphone 2 Oripavine 1 Methadone 2 Oxycodone 30 000 Morphine 50 000 Oxymorphone 1 Oxycodone 30 000 Pethidine 40 000 Pethidine 20 000 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Remifentanil 800 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Thebaine 2 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Poland Piritramide 1 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 5 Remifentanil 350 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 5 Sufentanil 40 Acetylfentanyl 5 Thebaine 1 Acrylfentanyl 5 Qatar Alfentanil 6 Codeine 210 Butyrfentanyl 5 Dihydrocodeine 650 Cannabis 2 000 000 Diphenoxylate 2 Cannabis resin 2 000 Fentanyl 220 Carfentanil 5 Hydromorphone 20 Cocaine 300 Methadone 330 Codeine 8 400 000 Morphine 4 000 Codeine-N-oxide 10 Oxycodone 1 000 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Pethidine 1 500 Dihydrocodeine 75 000 Remifentanil 115 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Sufentanil 1 Ecgonine 10 Republic of Korea Ethylmorphine 60 000 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Etonitazene 100 Acetylfentanyl 1 Etorphine 100 Alfentanil 81 Fentanyl 20 000 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Furanylfentanyl 5 Cannabis 1 650 000 Heroin 150 Cocaine 100 Hydrocodone 300 Codeine 644 133 Hydromorphone 300 Dihydrocodeine 5 130 213 Isomethadone 5 Fentanyl 24 960 Methadone 190 000 Heroin 1 Methadone intermediate 5 Hydrocodone 19 215 Morphine 650 000 Hydromorphone 12 960 Morphine -N-oxide 10 Methadone 1 Norcodeine 10 Morphine 102 767 Opium 50 000 Oxycodone 700 701 Oripavine 30 Oxymorphone 1 Oxycodone 300 000 Pethidine 267 656

18

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Remifentanil 6 761 Methadone 100 Sufentanil 22 Morphine 12 000 Republic of Moldova* Nicomorphine 5 Cocaine 1 Normethadone 5 Codeine 6 750 Opium 5 Dextromoramide 750 Oripavine 5 Fentanyl 188 Pethidine 5 000 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 5 Hydromorphone 38 Sufentanil 5 Methadone 11 250 Thebaine 5 Morphine 5 250 Tilidine 5 Trimeperidine 3 375 Saint Helena Romania Codeine 1 200 Cannabis 2 Fentanyl 2 Cannabis resin 2 Morphine 100 Cocaine 2 Pethidine 3 Codeine 1 050 000 Remifentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 55 000 Saint Kitts and Nevis* Fentanyl 4 000 Codeine 38 Heroin 2 Etorphine 1 Hydromorphone 2 Fentanyl 229 Methadone 45 000 Hydromorphone 5 Morphine 55 000 Morphine 788 Oxycodone 35 000 Pethidine 2 475 Pethidine 35 000 Saint Lucia Remifentanil 20 Cannabis 5 Sufentanil 1 Cannabis resin 4 Tilidine 3 500 Cocaine 10 Russian Federation Codeine 10 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Ecgonine 6 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 4 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Hydrocodone 12 Alfentanil 1 Methadone 60 Beta -Hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Morphine 500 Cocaine 1 000 Pethidine 2 600 Codeine 2 010 000 Pholcodine 50 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Dihydrocodeine 140 000 Cannabis 3 000 000 Ecgonine 1 Cocaine 11 Fentanyl 30 000 Codeine 22 000 Hydrocodone 1 Fentanyl 2 Hydromorphone 1 000 Morphine 2 700 Methadone 1 Oxycodone 900 Morphine 250 000 Pethidine 5 500 Oxycodone 50 000 Samoa Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 150 Pethidine 1 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Methadone 20 Racemoramide 1 Morphine 400 Remifentanil 500 Oxycodone 100 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine 150 Thebaine 5 500 Sao Tome and Principe* Thiofentanyl 1 Morphine 185 Trimeperidine 350 000 Pethidine 160 Rwanda Saudi Arabia Alfentanil 5 Alfentanil 8 Alphaprodine 5 Cannabis 27 Anileridine 5 Codeine 935 650 Bezitramide 5 Dextropropoxyphene 12 000 Cannabis 10 Dihydrocodeine 1 940 Cocaine 10 Fentanyl 8 000 Codeine 10 000 Hydrocodone 60 Dextromoramide 5 Hydromorphone 4 500 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Methadone 3 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 Morphine 50 000 Diphenoxylate 5 Oxycodone 12 000 Dipipanone 5 Oxymorphone 7 250 Ethylmorphine 5 Pethidine 50 000 Etorphine 10 Remifentanil 80 Fentanyl 320 Sufentanil 10 Heroin 5 Senegal Hydrocodone 5 Alfentanil 9 Hydromorphone 5 Cocaine 401 Ketobemidone 5 Codeine 1 311 000 Levorphanol 5 Etorphine 2

19

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Fentanyl 37 Oxycodone 10 000 Methadone 15 000 Oxymorphone 1 Morphine 63 000 Parafluorobutyrylfentanyl 1 Opium 1 010 000 Pethidine 20 000 Oxycodone 105 Pholcodine 15 000 Sufentanil 1 Remifentanil 100 Serbia Sufentanil 1 Alfentanil 120 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Codeine 100 000 Thebacon 1 Dihydromorphine 2 Thebaine 1 Fentanyl 5 314 U-47700 1 Hydromorphone 3 178 Sint Maarten Methadone 134 347 Alfentanil 3 Methadone intermediate 2 Cannabis 100 Morphine 19 000 Codeine 4 000 Morphine -N-oxide 6 Fentanyl 50 Oripavine 2 Hydrocodone 1 Oxycodone 20 000 Methadone 60 Pethidine 2 000 Morphine 300 Pholcodine 9 800 Nicomorphine 2 Remifentanil 160 Oxycodone 200 Sufentanil 7 Pethidine 400 Thebaine 2 Piritramide 100 Seychelles Remifentanil 1 Alfentanil 1 Sufentanil 3 Cannabis 6 Slovakia Cannabis resin 4 Alfentanil 26 650 Cocaine 3 Cocaine 395 Codeine 1 400 Codeine 2 176 300 Fentanyl 562 Conc. of poppy straw Heroin 3 AMA 1 700 000 Methadone 36 000 Fentanyl 9 600 Morphine 850 Hydrocodone 5 Pethidine 500 Hydromorphone 4 500 Sufentanil 1 Methadone 2 340 000 Sierra Leone Methadone intermediate 2 770 000 Cannabis 5 Morphine 10 011 800 Cannabis resin 5 Morphine -N-oxide 2 Codeine 3 000 Opium 5 Dihydrocodeine 1 Oripavine 1 000 Fentanyl 5 Oxycodone 650 000 Morphine 5 000 Oxymorphone 3 Pethidine 10 000 Pethidine 2 180 000 Singapore Piritramide 180 000 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 5 000 Acetylfentanyl 1 Sufentanil 2 400 Acrylfentanyl 1 Thebaine 2 920 010 AH -7921 1 Tilidine 6 450 000 Alfentanil 30 Slovenia Cannabis 10 Alfentanil 30 Cannabis resin 5 Cannabis 20 000 Carfentanil 1 Cocaine 3 000 Cocaine 400 Codeine 200 000 Codeine 1 000 000 Codeine-N-oxide 10 Cyclopropylfentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 16 000 Desomorphine 1 Fentanyl 6 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Heroin 5 Dihydrocodeine 1 Hydrocodone 5 Diphenoxylate 200 000 Hydromorphone 24 000 Ecgonine 1 Isomethadone 5 000 Etorphine 100 Methadone 80 000 Fentanyl 1 500 Morphine 150 000 Furanylfentanyl 1 Opium 4 000 Heroin 10 Oxycodone 550 000 Hydrocodone 10 Pethidine 1 500 Hydromorphone 200 Pholcodine 60 000 Levomethorphan 1 Piritramide 4 000 Methadone 400 Remifentanil 2 000 Methoxyacetylfentanyl 1 Sufentanil 10 Morphine 10 000 Thebaine 100 MT -45 1 Tilidine 100 Norcodeine 1 Solomon Islands Ocfentanil 1 Codeine 419 Oripavine 1 Fentanyl 9 Orthofluorofentanyl 1 Morphine 580

20

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Oxycodone 38 Codeine 765 000 Pethidine 2 304 Fentanyl 70 Somalia* Methadone 150 Codeine 17 500 Morphine 45 000 Methadone 15 700 Opium 100 000 Morphine 14 500 Pethidine 13 000 Pethidine 15 700 Remifentanil 8 South Africa Sudan Alfentanil 610 Fentanyl 61 Cocaine 4 500 Morphine 31 000 Codeine 6 200 200 Pethidine 31 000 Codeine -N-oxide 3 Suriname* Conc. of poppy straw Cocaine 11 AMA 20 880 000 Codeine 5 625 Dextromoramide 3 Fentanyl 56 Dextropropoxyphene 3 Morphine 600 Dihydrocodeine 115 211 Pethidine 75 Diphenoxylate 2 Remifentanil 1 Etorphine 380 Sufentanil 1 Fentanyl 410 000 Sweden Heroin 3 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 3 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 5 650 Acrylfentanyl 1 Levorphanol 2 Alfentanil 571 Methadone 35 650 Alphameprodine 1 Morphine 10 370 320 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Morphine -N-oxide 5 Butyrfentanyl 1 Nicomorphine 3 Cannabis 60 000 Normethadone 3 Carfentanil 1 Opium 150 000 Cocaine 3 560 Oxycodone 110 000 Codeine 1 223 310 Pethidine 610 000 Desomorphine 1 Pholcodine 295 215 Dextropropoxyphene 365 Remifentanil 20 151 Diphenoxylate 5 Sufentanil 40 Ecgonine 1 Thebaine 16 000 Ethylmorphine 650 000 Tilidine 80 000 Etorphine 3 South Sudan* Fentanyl 30 000 Fentanyl 3 Furanylfentanyl 1 Morphine 10 000 Heroin 5 Pethidine 13 000 Hydrocodone 100 Spain Hydromorphone 15 000 Alfentanil 250 Ketobemidone 20 000 Cannabis 500 000 Levomethorphan 1 Cocaine 4 000 Methadone 230 000 Codeine 10 200 000 Morphine 400 000 Conc. of poppy straw MPPP 1 ACA 20 306 983 MT -45 1 AMA 81 876 942 Ocfentanil 1 AOA 5 071 913 Opium 21 000 ATA 45 647 623 Oripavine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxycodone 900 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Oxymorphone 1 Ecgonine 1 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Ethylmorphine 2 000 Pethidine 15 000 Etorphine 2 Pholcodine 5 Fentanyl 150 000 Piritramide 1 Heroin 5 000 Remifentanil 1 000 Hydrocodone 1 000 Sufentanil 40 Hydromorphone 40 000 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Methadone 2 000 000 Thebaine 1 Morphine 12 500 000 Tilidine 235 Opium 500 000 Switzerland Oripavine 1 Alfentanil 200 Oxycodone 800 000 Cannabis 300 000 Oxymorphone 1 Cocaine 3 000 Pethidine 3 500 000 Codeine 500 000 Pholcodine 401 000 Conc. of poppy straw Racemoramide 1 AMA 3 200 000 Remifentanil 20 000 AOA 14 000 000 Sufentanil 1 000 Dextromoramide 1 Thebaine 1 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Sri Lanka Difenoxin 1 Alfentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 10 001 Cocaine 641 Diphenoxylate 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Ecgonine 1 Pholcodine 1 Ethylmorphine 400 Remifentanil 70 Etorphine 2 Sufentanil 1 Fentanyl 22 000 Thebacon 1 Heroin 290 000 Thebaine 2 Hydrocodone 2 000 Tilidine 1 Hydromorphone 17 500 Timor -Leste Methadone 440 000 Codeine 9 537 Morphine 1 490 000 Fentanyl 4 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Morphine 7 557 Nicomorphine 701 Pethidine 3 300 Opium 100 000 Togo Oripavine 17 000 000 Alfentanil 1 Oxycodone 460 000 Fentanyl 16 Oxymorphone 2 500 000 Methadone 10 000 Pethidine 61 000 Morphine 2 000 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine 1 000 Piritramide 1 Remifentanil 1 Remifentanil 800 Sufentanil 1 Sufentanil 22 Tonga Thebaine 7 000 000 Codeine 1 000 Tilidine 30 000 Fentanyl 1 Syrian Arab Republic Morphine 200 Alfentanil 20 Oxycodone 60 Codeine 2 000 000 Pethidine 300 Diphenoxylate 100 000 Pholcodine 200 Fentanyl 350 Trinidad and Tobago Hydrocodone 50 000 Alfentanil 20 Morphine 8 000 Cannabis 5 Oxycodone 125 000 Cannabis resin 5 Pethidine 100 000 Coca leaf 5 Remifentanil 500 Cocaine 1 000 Sufentanil 30 Codeine 7 000 Tajikistan Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Cocaine 1 280 Fentanyl 50 Codeine 449 920 Heroin 5 Ethylmorphine 6 400 Hydrocodone 20 Etorphine 5 Hydromorphone 1 000 Fentanyl 38 Ketobemidone 1 000 Morphine 3 840 Methadone 500 Trimeperidine 32 000 Morphine 30 000 Thailand Opium 1 000 Alfentanil 1 Oxycodone 1 000 Bezitramide 1 Oxymorphone 1 000 Cannabis 1 500 000 Pethidine 20 000 Cannabis resin 10 Pholcodine 500 Cocaine 2 000 Remifentanil 40 Codeine 700 000 Tristan da Cunha* Codeine -N-oxide 1 Codeine 600 Dextromoramide 1 Dextropropoxyphene 225 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Fentanyl 1 Difenoxin 1 Morphine 4 Diphenoxylate 25 001 Pethidine 1 Dipipanone 1 Pholcodine 38 Ecgonine 1 Tilidine 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Tunisia Etorphine 1 Alfentanil 15 Fentanyl 4 000 Alphaprodine 1 Heroin 5 Anileridine 1 Hydrocodone 1 Bezitramide 1 Hydromorphone 1 Cocaine 3 Ketobemidone 1 Codeine 2 700 000 Levorphanol 1 Dextromoramide 1 Methadone 100 000 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Morphine 250 000 Difenoxin 1 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Dihydrocodeine 2 Nicomorphine 1 Diphenoxylate 3 Normethadone 1 Dipipanone 2 Opium 1 500 000 Ethylmorphine 18 000 Oripavine 1 Etorphine 2 Oxycodone 8 000 Fentanyl 700 Oxymorphone 2 Heroin 3 Pethidine 200 000 Hydrocodone 2 Pethidine intermediate B 2 Hydromorphone 1 Phenoperidine 1 Ketobemidone 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Levorphanol 1 Morphine 66 Methadone 4 000 Oxycodone 600 Morphine 40 000 Pethidine 114 Nicomorphine 1 Tuvalu Normethadone 2 Codeine 9 Opium 5 Fentanyl 1 Oripavine 1 Morphine 6 Oxycodone 15 000 Pethidine 8 Oxymorphone 1 Uganda Pethidine 4 000 Codeine 100 000 Phenoperidine 1 Etorphine 6 Pholcodine 3 000 Fentanyl 45 Remifentanil 950 Morphine 50 000 Sufentanil 15 Oxycodone 2 000 Thebacon 1 Pethidine 150 000 Thebaine 2 Remifentanil 2 Tilidine 1 Ukraine Turkey Codeine 3 071 677 Alfentanil 2 Dihydrocodeine 2 500 Alphaprodine 2 Fentanyl 6 191 Anileridine 2 Hydromorphone 2 500 Bezitramide 2 Methadone 1 299 399 Cannabis 360 Morphine 150 880 Cannabis resin 7 Oxycodone 16 000 Coca leaf 1 Thebaine 200 Cocaine 1 000 Trimeperidine 800 000 Codeine 3 000 000 United Arab Emirates Conc. of poppy straw Alfentanil 13 ACA 265 000 Codeine 1 000 AMA 4 505 000 Fentanyl 391 Dextromoramide 2 Hydrocodone 500 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Hydromorphone 500 Difenoxin 2 Methadone 200 Diphenoxylate 27 000 Morphine 5 500 Dipipanone 1 Oxycodone 1 900 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 14 900 Ethylmorphine 11 000 Remifentanil 181 Etorphine 1 Sufentanil 3 Fentanyl 14 000 United Kingdom Heroin 3 Alfentanil 11 784 Hydrocodone 2 Cannabis 196 347 Hydromorphone 1 000 Cannabis resin 25 Ketobemidone 2 Cocaine 159 114 Levorphanol 1 Codeine 62 022 461 Methadone 2 Codeine -N-oxide 2 Morphine 50 000 Conc. of poppy straw Nicomorphine 2 ACA 31 774 560 Normethadone 2 AMA 76 486 000 Opium 5 000 Dextropropoxyphene 816 589 Oripavine 1 Dihydrocodeine 14 675 457 Oxycodone 30 000 Diphenoxylate 81 Oxymorphone 2 Dipipanone 132 Pethidine 280 000 Ecgonine 2 Phenoperidine 1 Fentanyl 230 623 Pholcodine 1 Heroin 37 149 Piritramide 1 Hydrocodone 3 Remifentanil 4 000 Hydromorphone 5 593 Sufentanil 1 Methadone 2 729 826 Thebacon 1 Morphine 8 040 296 Thebaine 2 Morphine -N-oxide 2 Tilidine 2 Normethadone 1 Turkmenistan* Opium 8 Codeine 2 000 Oxycodone 1 692 440 Fentanyl 10 Oxymorphone 3 425 Morphine 6 230 Pethidine 194 334 Piritramide 750 Pholcodine 945 762 Remifentanil 375 Remifentanil 2 255 Trimeperidine 7 592 Sufentanil 2 Turks and Caicos Islands Thebaine 15 773 729 Codeine 2 United Republic of Tanzania Dihydrocodeine 51 Codeine 30 000 Diphenoxylate 2 Etorphine 20 Fentanyl 5 Fentanyl 20 Hydrocodone 4 Methadone 350 000 Hydromorphone 1 Morphine 10 020

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Oxycodone 5 000 Anileridine 1 Pethidine 77 000 Cannabis 85 010 000 Pholcodine 2 000 Cannabis resin 6 United States of America Cocaine 2 3-Methylfentanyl 30 Codeine 81 600 3-Methylthiofentanyl 30 Ecgonine 1 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 30 Ethylmorphine 6 000 Acetylmethadol 2 Fentanyl 1 898 Alfentanil 3 260 Heroin 168 Allylprodine 2 Hydrocodone 1 Alphacetylmethadol 2 Hydromorphone 2 Alphameprodine 2 Methadone 3 511 Alphamethadol 2 Morphine 63 565 Alpha-methylfentanyl 30 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 30 Oxycodone 1 200 Alphaprodine 25 Oxymorphone 2 Betacetylmethadol 2 Pethidine 6 000 Beta -Hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 30 Remifentanil 215 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 30 Sufentanil 1 Betameprodine 25 Thebaine 1 Betamethadol 4 Uzbekistan Betaprodine 2 Cannabis 5 Cannabis 17 000 000 Cannabis resin 3 Coca leaf 175 000 000 Cocaine 1 Cocaine 90 000 Codeine 450 Codeine 34 500 000 Fentanyl 60 Conc. of poppy straw Heroin 1 ACA 28 809 900 Morphine 8 000 AMA 22 495 058 Thebaine 40 AOA 52 219 650 Trimeperidine 11 500 ATA 124 891 494 Vanuatu Dextropropoxyphene 35 Codeine 200 Difenoxin 9 200 Fentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 150 000 Morphine 188 Diphenoxylate 814 000 Oxycodone 17 Dipipanone 5 Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of) Ecgonine 88 000 Codeine 600 000 Ethylmorphine 30 Fentanyl 3 000 Fentanyl 813 005 Methadone 20 250 Heroin 105 Morphine 200 000 Hydrocodone 35 001 250 Oxycodone 100 000 Hydromorphone 3 000 000 Remifentanil 2 700 Hydroxypethidine 25 Viet Nam Isomethadone 30 Alfentanil 1 000 Levo -A-acetylmethadol 5 Codeine 12 000 000 Levomethorphan 30 Dihydrocodeine 120 000 Levorphanol 38 000 Fentanyl 600 Metazocine 15 Methadone 2 760 000 Methadone 22 278 000 Morphine 100 000 Methadone intermediate 24 064 000 Oxycodone 3 000 Morphine 26 100 000 Pethidine 110 000 25 Remifentanil 1 000 Norlevorphanol 55 Sufentanil 20 Normethadone 25 Wallis and Futuna Islands Opium 250 000 Alfentanil 1 Oripavine 29 750 000 Codeine 1 000 Oxycodone 61 000 000 Fentanyl 4 Oxymorphone 43 650 000 Morphine 50 Pethidine 11 463 873 Opium 900 Pethidine intermediate A 30 Remifentanil 1 Pethidine intermediate B 30 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine intermediate C 30 Yemen* Phenazocine 25 Codeine 22 750 Phenomorphan 25 Fentanyl 156 Racemethorphan 5 Hydromorphone 1 500 Racemorphan 4 Morphine 6 000 Remifentanil 3 000 Pethidine 15 000 Sufentanil 4 000 Pholcodine 18 000 Thebaine 65 070 000 Remifentanil 3 Thiofentanyl 25 Sufentanil 3 Tilidine 25 Zambia Trimeperidine 2 Codeine 14 000 Uruguay Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 AH-7921 1 Dihydrocodeine 600 Alfentanil 2 Diphenoxylate 600

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2020 (March Update )

Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 100 Morphine 9 000 Pethidine 35 000 Pholcodine 100 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 1 Zimbabwe Alfentanil 2 Cannabis 33 Cocaine 1 Codeine 607 000 Diphenoxylate 300 Dipipanone 5 Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 50 Heroin 1 Hydromorphone 100 Methadone 5 Morphine 12 000 Opium 55 000 Oxycodone 30 Pethidine 109 000 Pholcodine 3 500 Sufentanil 2 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 3 500

*Annual estimates were established by the Board.

Other countries and territories: Cocos (Keeling) Islands See Christmas Island Holy See See Italy Liechtenstein See Switzerland Monaco See France San Marino See Italy Names of territories are in italics.

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Countries and areas are referred to by the names that were in official use at the time the relevant data were collected.

Les appellations employées dans cette publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent n’impliquent de la part du Secrétariat de l’Organisation des Nations Unies aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou limites. Les noms de pays ou de zones figurant dans le présent document sont ceux qui étaient officiellement en usage au moment où les données ont été recueillies.

Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la Secretaría de las Naciones Unidas, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. Los países y zonas se mencionan por el nombre oficialmente utilizado en el momento en que se recopilaron los datos pertinentes. ______

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