Danish TO&Es 1980-1989 v2.3 By R Mark Davies For Battlefront: First Echelon

Royal Danish (a) (a) The formed a major part of NATO’s ‘AFNORTH’ (Allied Forces North – ‘The Northern Flank’). The other major land constituent parts were the and West Germany’s Schleswig- Territorial Command. It was (b) LANDJUT Command intended that AFNORTH would be heavily reinforced by other NATO contingents in wartime.

(b) The LANDJUT Command was ’s premier fighting formation, which in the run-up to war would advance into West LANDZEALAND Command (c) Germany with the intention of defending Denmark in depth, as well as West Germany on the right bank of the Elbe. LANDJUT would absorb the West German Schleswig-Holstein Territorial Command (itself a -sized force of two divisions). During the BATTLEGROUP CWDK-05 1980s it was agreed that UK and US forces would also be Force (d) assigned to LANDJUT and thus the Corps became something of an international entity. BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06a 1st Territorial Region (North ) (e) (c) The LANDZEALAND Command was actually the strength of a reinforced . However, it maintained a corps-sized headquarters structure in order to easily absorb international BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06b reinforcement formations. No NATO reinforcements were 2nd Territorial Region (Middle Jutland) (e) permanently assigned to LANDZEALAND, though the USA had contingency plans to reinforce it with a Marine Amphibious BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06c or elements of XVIII Airborne Corps. It was also possible to reassign units formations otherwise assigned to LANDJUT. 3rd Territorial Region (South Jutland) (e) (d) Bornholm Force was an independent brigade-sized force BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06d assigned to the defence of Bornholm Island. 4th Territorial Region () (e) (e) The Territorial Regions controlled a number of otherwise BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06e unassigned and artillery units, as well as training units and the large number of companies. 5th Territorial Region () (e) (f) The Jaegerkorpset (Jäger Corps) is an elite, -sized BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06f special forces unit. The Frømandskorpset (Frogman Corps) was 6th Territorial Region (North Zealand) (e) a very similar unit controlled by the . Details are scant, but these seem to have been company-sized units of BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06g approximately 150-200 men. 7th Territorial Region (Bornholm) (e) (g) In 1989, deliveries had begun of x6 TOW-armed Fennec Anti- Manoeuvre Element CWDK-10 Helicopters to supplement the unarmed H.6 Cayuse. Jäger Corps (f) However, these were not fully operational until 1990.

x7 H.6 Cayuse Observation Helicopter (g) CWDK-29

Manoeuvre Element CWDK-10 Navy Frogman Corps (f) LANDJUT Command (a)

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-01 Jutland Division BATTLEGROUP CWDK-02 1st Jutland Mechanised Brigade

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-02 BATTLEGROUP CWWG-02 2nd Jutland Mechanised Brigade 6. Panzer-Grenadier-Division (b) BATTLEGROUP CWDK-02 3rd Jutland Mechanised Brigade BATTLEGROUP CWWG-03 I. Wehrbereichskommando (b) BATTLEGROUP CWDK-11 5th Bn, Jydske Dragonregiment BATTLEGROUP CWDK-10 BATTLEGROUP CWUS-28 4th Bn, Fynske Livregiment 9th Infantry Division (Motorized) (d) BATTLEGROUP CWDK-12 (Late 1980s only) 3rd Engineer BATTLEGROUP CWBR-13 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-13 1st Infantry Brigade (UK Mobile Force) (e) 14th Anti-Aircraft Battalion (From 1982 only) Manoeuvre Element CWDK-10 x1 LRRP Company (c) BATTLEGROUP CWWG-23 Fire Support Element CWDK-04 x1 Pioneer Battalion (b) 23rd Artillery Battalion (155mm) Fire Support Element CWWG-03 Fire Support Element CWDK-04 Artillerie-Bataillon 630 (FH-70) (b) 24th Artillery Battalion (155mm) Fire Support Element CWWG-05 Fire Support Element CWDK-05 Artillerie-Bataillon 640 (M110) (b) 18th Heavy (203mm) Fire Support Element CWWG-05 Fire Support Element CWDK-05 Rakete-Artillerie-Bataillon 650 (LARS-2) (b) 19th Heavy Artillery Battery (203mm) x1 Tactical Missile Battalion (Lance) (b) BATTLEGROUP CWDK-03 BATTLEGROUP CWWG-18 Jutland Battlegroup (Mech) Sicherungs-Bataillon 610 (b) Manoeuvre Element CWWG-15 x3 Panzer Flak Battery (b) Fire Support Element CWDK-06 5th Artillery Battalion (105mm) Manoeuvre Element CWWG-17 x3 SAM Battery (b) Fire Support Element CWDK-06 11th Artillery Battalion (105mm) Manoeuvre Element CWWG-16 x3 Flak Battery (b) Fire Support Element CWDK-06 12th Artillery Battalion (105mm) x14 PAH-1 Attack Helicopter (b) CWWG-38 Fire Support Element CWDK-04 33rd Artillery Battalion (155mm) x12 UH-1D Utility Helicopter (b) CWWG-39

(a) The LANDJUT Command was Denmark’s premier fighting formation, which in the run-up to war would advance into West (d) The US 9th Infantry Division was tasked to reinforce LANDJUT Germany, with the intention of defending Denmark in depth, as during the late 1980s. It would be deployed directly from the US I well as West Germany on the right bank of the Elbe. LANDJUT Corps in mainland USA. It had a unique organisation with very large would absorb the West German Schleswig-Holstein Territorial quantities of the (then) brand-new HMMWV, many of them mounting Command (itself a corps-sized force of two divisions). During the TOW II ATGMs and Mk 19 AGLs, thus generating a large quantity of 1980s it was agree that UK and US forces would also be firepower. The light vehicles enabled rapid air-deployment at the assigned to LANDJUT and this the Corps became something of expense of armour protection. However, the concept was steadily an international entity. scaled back, with first one, then two of its constituent becoming Heavy Brigades with and APCs. (b) These elements belonged to the West German Schleswig- Holstein Territorial Command, which in wartime would become (e) The British 1st Infantry Brigade (UK Mobile Force) was tasked to part of LANDJUT. The Corps headquarters would therefore be a reinforce LANDJUT from 1982 onwards. The brigade would reinforce joint Danish-German effort. directly from the UK. The brigade became slightly heavier in the latter half of the decade, as the infantry’s trucks were largely replaced with (c) The Long-Range Company was formed from highly- Saxon APCs. skilled Home Guardsmen. LANDZEALAND Command (a)

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-02 1st Zealand Mechanised Brigade

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-02 2nd Zealand Mechanised Brigade

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-04 1st Zealand Battlegroup BATTLEGROUP CWDK-01 Mechanised Division 1980s (a) BATTLEGROUP CWDK-04 2nd Zealand Battlegroup BATTLEGROUPS BG CWDK-02 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-04 x3 Mechanised Brigade 3rd Zealand Battlegroup BG CWDK-11 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-04 x1 Armoured Reconnaissance Battalion 4th Zealand Battlegroup

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-11 BG CWDK-10 3rd Bn, Gardehusarregimentet x1 Infantry Battalion BATTLEGROUP CWDK-10 4th Bn, Danske Livregiment BG CWDK-12 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-12 x1 Engineer Battalion 1st Engineer Battalion BATTLEGROUP CWDK-13 BG CWDK-13 13th Anti-Aircraft Battalion x1 Antiaircraft Battalion Manoeuvre Element CWDK-10 x1 LRRP Company FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS Fire Support Element CWDK-04 FSE CWDK-04 2nd Artillery Battalion (155mm) x2 Field Artillery Battalion Fire Support Element CWDK-04 32nd Artillery Battalion (155mm) FSE CWDK-05 Fire Support Element CWDK-05 x2 Heavy Artillery Battery 17th Heavy Artillery Battery (203mm) BATTLEGROUP CWUS-10 (a) There was only one such formation in the Royal Danish Army – Jutland Division. Some sources refer to a Zealand Division Up to x1 USMC Amphibious Brigade (b) command structure within LANDZEALAND Command, though this does not appear to have existed. However, it is certainly (a) The LANDZEALAND Command was actually the strength of a possible that had divisional-sized NATO formations been reinforced division. However, it maintained a corps-sized attached to LANDZEALAND, it may have made good sense to headquarters structure in order to easily absorb international create a Zealand Division in order to reduce the workload of the reinforcement formations, though no NATO reinforcements were Command HQ. permanently assigned to LANDZEALAND. Some sources suggest that a divisional headquarters was also assigned to create a ‘Zealand Division’ within LANDZEALAND (as was the case in LANDJUT), though this does not seem to have happened in practice. It is however possible that a Zealand Division might have been created in wartime from the two mechanised brigades, plus artillery, recce and AA elements.

(b) Although there were no NATO forces permanently assigned to LANDZEALAND, the USA did have contingency plans to reinforce it with a Marine Amphibious Brigade or elements of XVIII Airborne Corps in response to a Warsaw Pact seaborne invasion from the Baltic. A Marine Amphibious Brigade (MAB) from the US 2nd Marine Division was the most likely reinforcement element; one MAB was already assigned to defend Norway and had large stocks of heavy equipment pre-positioned there. However, there was no such pre-position of equipment in Denmark.

(c) The Long-Range Patrol Company was formed from highly- skilled Home Guardsmen. However, I don’t have any information on organisation or equipment. BATTLEGROUP CWDK-02 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-03 Mechanised Brigade 1980s Independent Regimental Battlegroup (Mech) (a) Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport Transport x1 M113 Armoured Command Vehicle CWDK-08 x1 M113 Armoured Command Vehicle CWDK-08

BATTLEGROUPS BATTLEGROUPS BG CWDK-07 BG CWDK-07 x1 Tank Battalion (a) x1 Tank Battalion (b)

BG CWDK-08 BG CWDK-09 x2 Mechanised Infantry Battalion x3 Motorised Infantry Battalion

BG CWDK-09 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS x1 Motorised Infantry Battalion FSE-04 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS x1 Field Artillery Battalion (c)

FSE-01 FSE CWDK-05 x1 SP Field Artillery Battalion x1 Heavy Artillery Battery

ATTACHMENTS ATTACHMENTS

x3 Hamlet SAM Team (a) CWDK-21 x3 Hamlet SAM Team (d) CWDK-21

Transport Transport x3 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x3 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

(a) The Tank of the Jutland Brigades had all converted (a) The Jutland Battlegroup was the only unit using this organisation to Leopard MBTs by the start of the 1980s. However, the Zealand and was manned mainly by regulars. Brigades persisted with Centurion Mk 5/2 MBTs until 1989, when they finally started converting to Leopard. (b) The Jutland Battlegroup’s Tank Battalion was equipped with Centurion throughout the 1980s and did not upgrade to Leopard. (b) Late 1980s: Replace Hamlet SAM Teams with: Stinger SAM Team CWDK-22 (c) The Jutland Battlegroup’s Field Artillery Battalion had an unusual organisation, comprising x1 155mm Battery and x2 105mm Batteries (see FSE-04).

(d) Late 1980s: May replace Hamlet SAM Teams with: Stinger SAM Team CWDK-22 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-04 Independent Regimental Battlegroup (a) Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

BATTLEGROUPS BG CWDK-10 x2 Infantry Battalion

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWDK-01 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-05 x1 Tank (b) Bornholm Force (a) Command FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 FSE-06 Transport x1 Light Field Artillery Battalion x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 ATTACHMENTS BATTLEGROUPS x3 Hamlet SAM Team (c) CWDK-21 BG CWDK-09 Transport x2 Motorised Infantry Battalion x3 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 BG CWDK-10 (a) The 1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th Zeeland Battlegroups were coastal x1 Infantry Battalion defence units, made up of reservists and with only limited motorisation. They were very much at the back of the queue when it MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS came to modern equipment and they were probably the most obsolete of all front-line NATO units in Central Europe. Some ME CWDK-01 sources cite the 4th Battlegroup as being a mobile reserve unit, x1 Tank Squadron (b) though it seems to have had the same equipment as the other three.

(b) These Tank Squadrons (referred to as ‘Tank Destroyer ME CWDK-05 Squadrons’ in reality) were equipped with Centurion Mk 5/1 MBTs x1 Armoured Reconnaissance Squadron throughout. They may have been upgraded to Mk 5/2 or Mk 5/2 DK standard at some point, though they were never replaced by ME CWDK-06 Leopard 1. x1 Engineer Company

(c) Late 1980s: May replace Hamlet SAM Teams with: Stinger SAM Team CWDK-22 ME CWDK-07 x1 Antiaircraft Company

FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS FSE-06 x1 Light Field Artillery Battalion (c) ATTACHMENTS

x3 Hamlet SAM Team (c) CWDK-21

Transport x3 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

(a) Bornholm Force was an independent brigade-sized force assigned to the defence of Bornholm Island.

(b) The Bornholm Tank Squadron (Bornholm ) was completely and uniquely equipped with M41 Walker Bulldog Light Tanks.

(c) Late 1980s: May replace Hamlet SAM Teams with: Stinger SAM Team CWDK-22 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06a BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06c 1st Territorial Region (North Jutland) 3rd Territorial Region (South Jutland) Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

BATTLEGROUPS BATTLEGROUPS BG CWDK-10 BG CWDK-10 x1 Infantry Battalion x2 Infantry Battalion

Home Guard Battalion HQs (a) Home Guard Battalion HQs (a) HQ x6 Commander CWDK-15 HQ x11 Commander CWDK-15 Transport Transport x6 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x11 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWDK-01 x1 Tank Squadron (b) ME CWDK-01 x2 Tank Squadron (b)

ME CWDK-06 x1 Engineer Company ME CWDK-06 x1 Engineer Company MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 x31 Home Guard Infantry Company (a) MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 x53 Home Guard Infantry Company (a) FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-08 x1 Independent Light Field Artillery Battery FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-08 x2 Independent Light Field Artillery Battery

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06b 2nd Territorial Region (Middle Jutland) Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

BATTLEGROUPS BG CWDK-10 x1 Infantry Battalion

Home Guard Battalion HQs (a) HQ x10 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x10 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWDK-01 x1 Tank Squadron (b)

ME CWDK-06 x1 Engineer Company (a) Home Guard battlegroups would be formed from a Home Guard MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 HQ and a number of H0me Guard Infantry Companies. Some x56 Home Guard Infantry Company (a) companies would probably remain independent, reporting directly to the Regional HQ. FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS (b) These Tank Squadrons were actually designated as Tank FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-08 Destroyer Companies. They were all equipped with Centurion Mk x1 Independent Light Field Artillery Battery 5/1 (20pdr). BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06d BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06f 4th Territorial Region (Funen) 6th Territorial Region (North Zealand) Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

BATTLEGROUPS BATTLEGROUPS BG CWDK-10 BG CWDK-10 x2 Infantry Battalion x2 Infantry Battalion

Home Guard Battalion HQs (a) Home Guard Battalion HQs (a) HQ HQ x5 Commander CWDK-15 x4+ Commander (c) CWDK-15 Transport Transport x5 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x4+ Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWDK-01 ME CWDK-06 x2 Tank Squadron (b) x1 Engineer Company

ME CWDK-06 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 x1 Engineer Company x29+ Home Guard Infantry Company (ac)

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 x32 Home Guard Infantry Company (a)

FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-08 x2 Independent Light Field Artillery Battery

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06e 5th Territorial Region (Zealand) Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport BATTLEGROUP CWDK-06g x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 7th Territorial Region (Bornholm) Command BATTLEGROUPS HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport HQ Home Guard Battalion HQs (a) x1 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x9 Commander CWDK-15 Transport MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS x9 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS x5 Home Guard Infantry Company ME CWDK-06 (a) Home Guard battlegroups would be formed from a Home Guard x1 Engineer Company HQ and a number of H0me Guard Infantry Companies. Some companies would probably remain independent, reporting directly to the Regional HQ. MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 x50 Home Guard Infantry Company (a) (b) These Tank Squadrons were actually designated as Tank Destroyer Companies. They were all equipped with Centurion Mk 5/1 (20pdr).

(c) The North Zealand orbat lacks the number of Home Guard HQs and Home Guard Companies for , so the numbers shown only include rural North Zealand. Copenhagen would have added a considerable number of units to this total. BATTLEGROUP CWDK-07 Tank Battalion Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 M113 Armoured Command Vehicle CWDK-08

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWDK-01 x2 or x3 Tank Squadron (ab)

ME CWDK-02 x1 Mechanised Infantry Company

ATTACHMENTS Organic Fire Support x2 MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar (c) CWDK-20 Transport BATTLEGROUP CWDK-08 x2 M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWDK-07 Mechanised Infantry Battalion x2 or x3 M220 TOW ATGM Team (ef) CWDK-14 Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x2 or x3 M150 TOW ATGM Vehicle (de) CWDK-09 Transport x1 M113 Armoured Command Vehicle CWDK-08 (a) The Tank Battalions of the Jutland Mechanised Brigades were equipped with Leopard 1 DK (CWDK-04). The Zealand Mechanised MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS Brigades were equipped with Centurion Mk 5/2 (CWDK-03), but finally began converting to Leopard in 1989. The Jutland Regimental ME CWDK-01 Battlegroup also had Centurion Mk 5/2 and did not upgrade during x1 Tank Squadron (a) the 1980s. ME CWDK-02 (b) Leopard-equipped battalions had only x2 Tank Squadrons, while x2 Mechanised Infantry Company Centurion-equipped battalions had x3 Tank Squadrons.

(c) The MO-120-RT 120mm mortar is a towed weapon. ME CWDK-03 x1 Motorised Infantry Company (d) Many Centurion-equipped units had not been upgraded to M150. May therefore replace with: Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11 ATTACHMENTS Organic Fire Support (e) The TOW ATGMs may be fired from their M150 carriers when x2 MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar CWDK-20 mounted. Transport (f) Late 1980s: May upgrade TOW ATGMs to TOW 2 (see card). x2 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12

x4 M220 TOW ATGM Team (bc) CWDK-14

Transport x2 M150 TOW ATGM Vehicle (b) CWDK-09 Transport x2 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) (b) CWDK-11 Recce x2 Infantry (1 MAW) CWDK-16 Transport/Recce x2 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWDK-11

(a) The Tank Squadrons of Mechanised Infantry Battalions were all equipped with Centurions – mainly Mk 5/2, but some Mk 5/1 might have remained in the Zealand Brigades.

(b) The TOW ATGMs may be fired from their M150 or Land Rover carriers when mounted.

(c) Late 1980s: May upgrade TOW ATGMs to TOW 2 (see card). BATTLEGROUP CWDK-09 Motorised Infantry Battalion Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWDK-03 x3 to x6 Motorised Infantry Company (a)

ATTACHMENTS Organic Fire Support x2 81mm Mortar (b) CWDK-20 Transport x1 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12

x3 Jeep with 106mm Recoilless Rifle (c) CWDK-25 BATTLEGROUP CWDK-10 Recce Infantry Battalion x2 Infantry (1 MAW) CWDK-16 Command Transport/Recce HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 x2 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWDK-11 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11 (a) Most battalions had x5 Companies, but it did vary, depending on the number of reservists recruited locally. In regular army MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS battalions, the first three companies would be manned by regulars, while the remainder were reservists. ME CWDK-04 x6 Infantry Company (a) (b) In the Jutland Regimental Battlegroup, add the following organic fire support units (plus appropriate transport): x1 to x3 81mm Mortar CWDK-20 ATTACHMENTS x2 MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar CWDK-21 Organic Fire Support x3 to x5 81mm Mortar CWDK-20 (c) May replace 106mm Recoilless Rifle Jeeps with: M220 TOW ATGM Team (de) CWDK-14 Transport Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11 x1 or x2 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12 x3 Jeep with 106mm Recoilless Rifle (b) CWDK-25 (d) The TOW ATGMs may be fired from their Land Rover carriers when mounted. Recce x2 Infantry (1 MAW) CWDK-16 (e) Late 1980s: May upgrade TOW ATGMs to TOW 2 (see card). Transport/Recce x2 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWDK-11 -Purpose Transport x4 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12

(a) The 6th Company comprised low-priority reservists, equipped largely with WW2-era weapons such as M1 Garand and Bren. Replace Infantry in this company with: Home Guard Infantry CWDK-23

(b) Late 1980s: May replace 106mm Recoilless Rifles with: M220 TOW ATGM Team (c) CWDK-14 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWDK-11

(c) The TOW ATGMs may be fired from their Land Rover carriers when mounted. BATTLEGROUP CWDK-11 Armoured Reconnaissance Battalion Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 M113 Armoured Command Vehicle CWDK-08

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWDK-05 x3 Armoured Reconnaissance Squadron

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-13 Antiaircraft Battalion Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWDK-07 x3 Antiaircraft Company

BATTLEGROUP CWDK-12 Engineer Battalion Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWDK-06 x4 Engineer Company MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-01 Tank Squadron Command x1 Centurion Mk 5/1 20pdr MBT (abc) CWDK-03

x3 Centurion Mk 5/1 20pdr MBT (abc) CWDK-03

(a) In Tank Battalions or Mechanised Infantry Battalions: May replace Centurion Mk 5/1 MBTs with: Centurion Mk 5/2 105mm Main Battle Tank CWDK-04 Or from 1985 with: Centurion Mk 5/2 DK 105mm Main Battle Tank CWDK-05

(b) In Tank Battalions of Jutland Division (or Tank Battalions of LandZealand Command from 1989): Replace Centurions with: Leopard 1 DK 105mm Main Battle Tank CWDK-06

(c) In Bornholm Force: Replace Centurions with: M41 Walker Bulldog 76mm Light Tank CWDK-01 Or from 1987 with: M41 DK-1 76mm Light Tank CWDK-02

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-04 Infantry Company Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-02 x9 Infantry (up to 3 MAW) CWDK-16 Mechanised Infantry Company Command x1 MG3 General Purpose Machine Gun CWDK-24 HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 (a) The 6th Company of light infantry battalions comprised low- x9 Infantry (3 MAW) CWDK-16 priority reservists, equipped largely with WW2-era weapons such as M1 Garand and Bren. Replace Infantry in these companies x1 MG3 General Purpose Machine Gun CWDK-24 with: Home Guard Infantry CWDK-23 Transport x4 M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWDK-07 Organic Fire Support x1 81mm Mortar (a) CWDK-19 Transport x1 M125 81mm Mortar Carrier (a) CWDK-10

(a) The 81mm Mortar may fire from its M125 carrier when mounted.

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-03 Motorised Infantry Company Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11

x9 Infantry (3 MAW) CWDK-16

x1 MG3 General Purpose Machine Gun CWDK-24

Organic Fire Support x1 81mm Mortar (a) CWDK-19 Transport x4 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-05 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-07 Armoured Reconnaissance Squadron Antiaircraft Company Command/Recce Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Recce Transport/Recce x3 Infantry (1 MAW) CWDK-16 x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11 Transport/Recce x2 M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWDK-07 x2 Bofors L60 40mm Antiaircraft Gun (a) CWDK-17 Recce Transport x3 Infantry (1 MAW) CWDK-16 x2 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12 Transport/Recce (a) Late 1980s: In some units, replace all Bofors Guns with: x3 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWDK-11 x6 Stinger SAM Team CWDK-22 Recce x3 M41 Walker Bulldog 76mm Light Tank (a) CWDK-01 Organic Fire Support/Recce x1 81mm Mortar (b) CWDK-19 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-08 Transport/Recce SAM Squadron x1 M125 81mm Mortar Carrier (b) CWDK-10 Command (a) From 1987: Replace M41 Walker Bulldog Light Tanks with: HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 M41 DK-1 76mm Light Tank CWDK-02 Transport/Recce x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11 (b) The 81mm Mortar may fire from its M125 carrier when mounted. x3 I-Hawk SAM CWDK-26

Transport x3 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-09 Home Guard Infantry Company Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15

x3 to x9 Home Guard (up to 1 MAW) CWDK-16

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-10 Special Forces/Long-Range Patrol Company Command/Recce MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWDK-06 HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Engineer Company Recce x18 to x24 Special Forces Patrol CWDK-33 Command HQ x1 Commander CWDK-15 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11

x9 Combat Engineers (1 MAW) CWDK-17

Transport x3 Unimog Medium Truck CWDK-12 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-01 SP Field Artillery Battalion

FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-02 x2 SP Field Artillery Battery On-Table Attachment x2 Forward Observer CWDK-18 Transport x2 M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWDK-07 Fire Support x3 M109 SP 155mm Howitzer

FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-03 x1 Field Artillery Battery On-Table Attachment x2 Forward Observer CWDK-18 Transport FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-06 x2 M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWDK-07 Light Field Artillery Battalion Fire Support x4 M114 155mm Howitzer FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-07 x3 Light Field Artillery Battery On-Table Attachment FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-04 x2 Forward Observer CWDK-18 Field Artillery Battalion Transport/Recce x2 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-03 Fire Support x3 M101 105mm Howitzer x3 Field Artillery Battery (a)

(a) In some battalions, one battery was equipped with 105mm howitzers rather than 155mm. This was certainly the case in the Independent Jutland Battlegroup and Bornholm Force. In which FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-08 case, replace x1 Battery with a Light Field Artillery Battery (FSE Independent Light Field Artillery Battery CWDK-07). On-Table Attachment x1 Forward Observer CWDK-18 Transport/Recce x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWDK-11 Fire Support FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWDK-05 x4 M101 105mm Howitzer Independent Heavy Artillery Battery

Fire Support x2 M115 203mm Howitzer NATO Baltic Approaches Command (Air) – AIRBALTAP (d)

Royal Danish Air Force

723 Squadron - x10 CF-104G Starfighter (a) CWDK-31 725 Squadron - x12 F-35 Draken CWDK-27 726 Squadron - x10 CF-104G Starfighter (a) CWDK-31 727 Squadron - x12 F-100D Super Sabre (b) CWDK-30 729 Squadron - x12 RF-35 Draken (c) CWDK-27 730 Squadron - x12 F-100D Super Sabre (b) CWDK-30 Air Defence Command East (541, 542, 543 & 544 SAM Squadrons) (ME CWDK-08) Air Defence Command West (531, 532, 533 & 534 SAM Squadrons) (ME CWDK-08)

West German Luftwaffe

41st Fighter-Bomber - x24 Alpha Jet (divided into two squadrons) CWWG-42 52nd Reconnaissance Wing - x18 RF-4E Phantom II (divided into two squadrons) (c) CWWG-41 144th SAM Squadron (ME-CWWG-18)

West German Marineflieger (Naval Aviation) 1st Naval Air Wing - x24 F-104G Starfighter (divided into two squadrons) (e) CWWG-45 2nd Naval Air Wing - x24 F-104G Starfighter (divided into two squadrons) (e) CWWG-45 1st Naval SAM Squadron (ME-CWWG-18) 2nd Naval SAM Squadron (ME-CWWG-18) 3rd Naval SAM Squadron (ME-CWWG-18)

(a) The two CF-104G Starfighter squadrons (723 & 726) were each re-equipped with x8 F-16A Fighting Falcon (CWDK-28) during the period 1984-1986.

(b) The two remaining F100D Super Sabre squadrons (727 & 730) were each re-equipped with x8 F-16A Fighting Falcon (CWDK-28) during the period 1980-1982.

(c) The primary role of the Danish RF-35 Drakens and German RF-4E Phantoms was that of tactical reconnaissance. However, they retained ground-attack as a secondary role.

(d) It was intended that AIRBALTAP would be considerably reinforced by USAF, RAF and possibly USMC units.

(e) In 1982: Replace 1st Marineflieger Wing F-104G Starfighters with Tornado IDS (CWWG-44). The 2nd Wing followed suit in 1986. Danish Card List & Model Availability

(Annotations ‘QRF’ = QRF Models/LKM Direct, ‘SOG’ = Skytrex/Old Glory, ‘PP’ = Peter Pig, ‘QC’ = Quality Castings/Old Glory 15s, ‘FoW’ = Flames of War, ‘RMM’ = Roskopf Miniatur Modele, ‘AA’ = Army)

CWDK-01 – M41 Walker Bulldog 76mm Light Tank QRF, FoW, RMM CWDK-02 – M41 DK-1 76mm Light Tank CWDK-03 – Centurion Mk 5/1 20pdr Main Battle Tank QRF, FoW, BPM CWDK-04 – Centurion Mk 5/2 105mm Main Battle Tank QRF, PP, FoW, BPM CWDK-05 – Centurion Mk 5/2 DK 105mm Main Battle Tank CWDK-06 – Leopard 1 DK (1A3) 105mm Main Battle Tank QRF, FoW, RMM, AA, PSC, BPM CWDK-07 – M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier QRF, PP, SOG, FoW, RMM, AA, BPM CWDK-08 – M113 Armoured Command Vehicle QRF, PP, SOG, FoW, RMM, AA, BPM CWDK-09 – M150 TOW ATGM Vehicle QRF, SOG, RMM, AA, FoW CWDK-10 – M125 81mm Mortar Carrier QRF, FoW, RMM CWDK-11 – Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (MG option) QRF, PP, AA, BPM CWDK-12 – Unimog Medium Truck QRF, PP, RMM CWDK-13 – Bofors L60 40mm Antiaircraft Gun CWDK-14 – M220 TOW ATGM Team QRF, AA CWDK-15 – Commander QRF, RMM CWDK-16 – Infantry (Carl Gustav 84mm MAW & M72 66mm LAW) QRF, RMM CWDK-17 – Combat Engineers CWDK-18 – Forward Observer QRF CWDK-19 – 81mm Mortar QRF CWDK-20 – MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar CWDK-21 – Hamlet (Redeye) SAM Team CWDK-22 – Stinger SAM Team FoW CWDK-23 – Home Guard Infantry CWDK-24 – MG3 General Purpose Machine Gun QRF, RMM CWDK-25 – Jeep with 106mm Recoilless Rifle QRF CWDK-26 – I-Hawk SAM QC CWDK-27 – F-35 Draken Fighter-Bomber Revell, Tamiya CWDK-28 – F-16A Fighting Falcon Fighter-Bomber Revell CWDK-29 – H.6 Cayuse Observation Helicopter QRF, FoW CWDK-30 – F-100D Super Sabre Fighter-Bomber Tamiya, Revell, Heller CWDK-31 – CF-104G Starfighter Fighter-Bomber Italeri, Revell, Tamiya, RMM CWDK-32 – Fennec Attack Helicopter CWDK-33 – Special Forces Patrol

Painting & Modelling Notes

• Danish infantry were mostly armed with G3 assault rifles and MG3 general-purpose machine guns. This, together with their American-style helmets made them rather similar to West German infantry in silhouette (QRF West Germans are ideal). Some Home Guard units however, used a variety of WW2-era weapons, such as M1 Garand self-loading rifles and MG42 or Bren light machine guns.

• Danish combat uniforms were initially plain olive drab (including a plain helmet cover), though they adopted a striking ‘flecked’ camouflage uniform in 1984. However, the plain olive drab uniform remained in service with many units well into the 1990s.

• Danish vehicles were painted in broad bands of black and green, very much like the . However, the Danish green was somewhat brighter in hue than the British camouflage colour and the corners of the vehicle were almost always painted black, with green and black bands in between.

• In the very late 1980s, panels of ‘astroturf’ were applied to Danish Leopards as a camouflage measure.

• Danish H.500 helicopters were initially painted a very dark green shade, though by the 1990s they had been painted in the black/green banded scheme used on Danish vehicles.

• The M41 DK upgrade programme applied to the M41 light tank fleet from 1987 included adding Leopard-style side-skirts, a very large turret bustle and a distinctive laser sight box above the gun-barrel, tied to an enhanced fire control system. The Centurion Mk 5/2 DK upgrade programme also included the distinctive laser sight box.

• The Danish Land Rover TOW ATGM carriers were of the ½ ton ‘Airborne/Lightweight’ type (produced by QRF in their Modern British range). Note that TOW launchers may be found in QRF’s Israeli range.

• The M113 command variant is externally very similar to the standard M113. The Danes did not use the M577.