EL SHIKSHAPATRI (Código De Ética Y Conocimiento Espiritual)

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EL SHIKSHAPATRI (Código De Ética Y Conocimiento Espiritual) Diseño y Diagamación//eddyperez//impresos911 EL SHIKSHAPATRI (Código de ética y conocimiento espiritual) Traducido al Español por Mireya Bobadilla (Madre Sarasvati) de la versión inglesa del Shri Swaminarayan Gurukul, Rajkot, India, 1982 D.C. 1ra Revisión basada en la versión Inglesa de Prof. Monier Williams, 1987 D.C. Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, año 1987 D.C. Calidad + Servicio es Nuestra Garantia 1ra Edición, enero 1982-3000 copias 2da Edición Revisada de la versión Inglesa del Prof. Monier William, septiembre 1987-2000 copias 3ra Edición Sept 2008 - 1000 copias 4ta Edición Mayo 2012_ 1000 copias Santo Domingo, República Dominicana INDICE Introducción...................................................................................................6 Prefacio............................................................................................................7 Un pequeño esbozo de la vida de Shri Swaminarayan.......................................................................................10 Arti....................................................................................................................15 Dhun................................................................................................................16 Meditaciones acerca del Shikshapatri.....................................................17 El Shikshapatri...............................................................................................20 Código general de conducta.....................................................................22 Escrituras Sagradas.......................................................................................39 Deberes de las esposas de los Acharyas..................................................45 Deberes de las esposas................................................................................47 Deberes Especiales de los Dueños de Casa............................................48 Deberes especiales para gobernantes.....................................................52 Deberes de las esposas................................................................................53 Deberes especiles de las viudas................................................................54 Obligaciones especiales de los ascéticos y de los brahmines Ascéticos.....................................................................57 Obligaciones especiales de los Brahmines..............................................59 Obligaciones de los Santos Ascéticos......................................................60 Reglas Generales para Los Santos.............................................................62 Epílogo.............................................................................................................65 INTRODUCCION He escrito este Shikshapatri incorporando en él, la esencia de todas las escrituras sagradas, el cual puede otorgar a los seres humanos todas las cosas deseadas. “Por consiguiente mis discípulos deberán proceder de acuerdo a lo establecido en este Shikshapatri, y nunca en base a sus propios caprichos”. Mis devotos todos, hombres y mujeres que procedan estrictamente de acuerdo a las reglas establecidas en este Shikshapatri, ciertamente obtendrán los cuatros grandes objetivos de este vida a saber: Meritos espirituales (Dharma), Riqueza (Artha), Placer (Kama) y la redención final (moksha). Aquellos miembros de esta hermandad sagrada que no procedan de acuerdo a las reglas establecidas en este Shikshapatri, serán considerados excomulgados de la congregación. (Shikshapatri : Versos 204-207) “En la ausencia de alguien que pueda leer este Shikshapatri, el mismo deberá ser adorado diariamente con gran reverencia, considerando mis palabras como la personificación de mi propia divinidad.” (Shikshapatri : Verso 209) El Señor Shri Swaminarayan Escribiendo El Shikshapatri 6 SHIKSHAPATRI PREFACIO Bhagwahn Shri Swaminarayan bondadosamente ha otorgado a la humanidad este valioso regalo del “Shikshapatri”. Él personalmente decidió escribir con su puño y letra este libro, en el sagrado año 1882 (1826 de la Era Cristiana). El cumplimiento de sus preceptos y mandamientos garantiza la felicidad en éste y en el próximo mundo. El Shikshapatri es el néctar de todas las Escrituras Sagradas y Védicas. Bhagwan Shri Swaminarayan lo consideró como su misma forma personificada, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de que, en vez de leerlo como una simple lectura, o de adorarlo, debe ser obedecido en todo su contenido. Cuando el Señor Malcom, gobernador inglés en Bombay, conoció al Señor Swaminarayan en Rajkot, en el mes de febrero del año 1830, quedó sumamente impresionado por la maravillosa obra que él había realizado; de inmediato le preguntó: ¿Cómo pudo él, hacer tan exitosamente esos cambios en la sociedad?, los cuales los poderes temporales no habían podido lograr. Al instante el Señor Shri Swaminarayan obsequiándole un ejemplar del Shikshapatri, le explicó que mediante la obediencia de ese libro todo es posible. Posteriormente este pequeño libro atrajo la atención de muchos europeos. En una ocasión, el gran letrado profesor Monier Williams C.I.E., D.C.L, visitando la región de Vadtal en la India, recibió el Shikshapatri, redactado en Gujarati por Nityananda Muni. Más Adelante lo obtuvo en Sanscrito, (Arth-Dipica) redactado por Shatyananda Muni. SHIKSHAPATRI 7 de los útiles principios establecidos en el Shikshapatri, decidió traducirlo al idioma inglés, de manera que una mayor cantidad de personas pudiesen leer, estudiar, y practicar sus preceptos Védicos. Para comprender y valorar la importancia y relevancia del Shikshapatri, debemos destacar que luego de su traducción al idioma Inglés por el gran letrado europeo, alrededor del año 1875, fue publicado en “La revista de la Sociedad Real Asiática de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda en Londres”. Podemos apreciar en su justa dimensión el gran interés, esfuerzo y energía utilizado de parte del profesor Monier Williams para entender minuciosamente todos los versos y comentarios en Sánscrito, de manera que pudiese traducirlos al idioma Inglés, lo más fiel y fidedigno posible. En solo unos cuantos versos, no le fue posible obtener el verdadero significado. Pero esos mismos versos son publicados aquí palabra por palabra. Sin embargo, en términos generales, él se compenetró profundamente con el contenido, y como resultado de su trabajo merece la debida apreciación. Realmente, el Shikshapatri es un libro tal, que atrae a muchos extranjeros que poseen ciertas bases espirituales, y por tanto se sienten atraídos por los libros instructivos religiosos. Hace algunos años, uno de los ex estudiantes de este Gurukul Shri Chaturbhai J. Barbária, mientras estudiaba en un país 8 SHIKSHAPATRI latinoamericano (República Dominicana) le mostró el Shikshapatri a algunos de sus residentes. Muchos quedaron tan impresionados por sus principios, que aceptaron el sendero espiritual del Señor Swaminarayan, adoptando al mismo tiempo, nombres espirituales, algo propio de la cultura de la India. Swami Laxminarayandasji, el coeditor del Sadvidya, a través de una gran devoción, ha hecho esfuerzos inauditos día y noche para lograr que este libro fuese impreso. Este Shikshapatri traducido por un europeo con la más elevada consideración fue publicado por el Gurukul Shri Swaminarayan en Rajkot con el objetivo de beneficiar e inspirar a todas las personas poseedoras de sabiduria. -Shastri Dharmajivandasji- El fundador del Gurukul Shri Swaminarayan En las ciudades de Rajkot- Junagadh y Ahmadabad El Shikshapatri Original en la Biblioteca de Bodleian (Oxford, Reino Unido) SHIKSHAPATRI 9 UN PEQUEÑO ESBOZO DE LA VIDA DE SHRI SWAMINARAYAN El Señor Shri Swaminarayan, nació en el auspicioso día 2 de abril del 1781, exactamente a las 10.10.pm. En Chapaiya, una villa cerca de Ayodhia en U.P dentro de una familia Sagrada de Brahmins. En los primeros días de su vida, realizó muchos milagros y pasó la mayor parte de su tiempo visitando templos, leyendo libros religiosos y buscando la compañía de buenos Santos. Renunció al hogar para siempre, a la delicada edad de once años. Luego de la muerte de sus padres, pasó cerca de siete años en riguroso ascetismo y peregrinación por toda la India. En el año 1800 D.C. vino a Loj, una pequeña villa en Saurashtra, donde se encontró con los discípulos de Swami Ramananda, quien es considerado por sus seguidores el Avatar de Údhava, el fiel y sabio devoto del Señor Shri Krishna. Antes de abandonar este mundo, en el año 1801 de la Era Cristiana. Ramananda Swami nombró a Shri Swaminarayan su sucesor; no obstante ser el más joven de sus discípulos. La historia muestra que para ese entonces, en la India existía un ambiente sumamente difícil, delicado y complicado, mediante el cual preponderaba un caos político, una gran degradación y oscuridad intelectual, moral, social y espiritual. Trayendo como consecuencia que la vida de los seres humanos de esa época descendiera extremadamente a los más bajos niveles. Había supersticiones, vicios horrendos, crímenes atroces, 10 SHIKSHAPATRI costumbres inhumanas y las prácticas inmorales en el nombre de la religión resultaban muy comunes para la época. Como consecuencia de la anómala y difícil situación imperante en ese entonces, el Señor Shri Swaminarayan tuvo que realizar una ardua y titánica labor para lograr los positivos resultados obtenidos al final de la jornada. Al comienzo Shri Swaminarayan manifestó su poder en trance, conocido como Samadhi Prakaram. Seguidores de diferentes religiones obtenían la visión de sus respectivos dioses
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