Muscidae and Order: Diptera sub order: I- II- III-

III-1- III-2- Fannidae I- Muscidae

Many genera and 3900 Common house , stable-fly World wide distribution 66 species in the genus Musca Musca domestica

Musca domestica

 Medium size, non- metallic fly, light to dark grey  4 stripes on the dorsal side of the thorax  Mouthparts are complicated  Adopted for sucking up  When not in use, they withdrawn into the head capsule rostrum haustellum

 Feed on great amount of substances  Method of feeding differ due to physical state of the food  Thin fluid (milk)  Semisolids  More solid materials  Solid food Wing venation:  Each of legs ends in a pair of claws and a pair of fleshy pad like structure called pulvilli

• Eggs was laid in a variety of decomposing materials • 75-120 eggs, 5 or 6 batches in her life time • Creamy-white, 1mm, banana-shaped • 6-12 days • Hatching is accomplished by the strip of eggshell • Cannot withstand desiccation and extremes temperature

• Creamy-white larvae • Small head, 11 segmented maggot shape body • Pointed head, curved mouth hooks, • D-shaped spiracles • Feed on liquid result from decaying organic materials • Three larval stage • Speed of growth due to tem. and food • 3-5 days • Die due to desiccation • Before pupation migrate

• Barrel-shape structure • Actual in it • 3-5 days

• Seldom over wintering • More frequently adults

Adult behavior:

• Escape from puparium, hardening • Avoid direct sunlight • Synonthropic • Defecate, regurgitate • Fly spots • Tend to stay within 500 m , but can fly 1-5 km • Musca sorbens , M. autumnalis • Musca sorbens -widely distributed in Africa and parts of Asia -active in hot hours of day -it settle on wounds, eyes, sweaty skin

• ( face fly)  House flies can transmit a large no. of disease owing to their habits

 Contamination by hair mouthparts vomiting defecation  100 different pathogens (65 out of which)  viruses polio, trachoma, coxsackie, infectious hepatitis  rickettsiae Q-fever,  bacteria shigella, cholera, salmonella & variety of streptococci and staphylococci  Protozoan parasite amoebic dysenteries  carrying the eggs and cysts of helminthes Taenia, Hymenolepis, Dipylidium, Thelazia, , Ancylostoma, Entrobius, Trichurus, Ascaris  carrying the eggs of Dermatobia hominis

Accidental Urogenital and intestinal

There is no true intestinal myiasis in The greater house-fly World wide distribution

Stomoxys calcitrans

 The stable-fly, biting , flies  World wide distribution  forward projecting, rigid proboscis

Life cycle

 Both male and female take blood meals  Painful bites  Biting in daylight hours, outdoors  Laying eggs in manure, compost pit, fermenting piles of vegetables  Different posterior spiracles in larvae  Larvae prefer high degree or humid  Migrate before pupation

Painful bites It transmit Tripanosoma evansi (Surra disease) to No transmission to Carrying the eggs of Dermatobia hominis II- Fanniidae I- canicularis ( lesser housefly)

II- (Latrine fly) World wide distribution Fannia canicularis

• lay eggs on people food, urine soaked bedding of humans and animals.

Fannia scalaris

• hence the common name lays eggs in faeces • Larvae prefer wetter breeding places to common house fly.

Medical importance  transmit the same pathogen as housefly Urogenital myiasis