WILLIAM PITT THE YOUNGER: A BIOGRAPHY PDF, EPUB, EBOOK

William Hague | 688 pages | 03 May 2005 | HarperCollins Publishers | 9780007147205 | English | London, : A Biography PDF Book

Biographer considers the unfinished abolition of the slave trade to be Pitt's greatest failure. Britannica Quiz. King George III , unwilling to accept the coalition that would give office to Fox, whom he hated, invited Pitt to form a government; but Pitt declined, knowing he would not have a majority in the House of Commons, and the King had to commission Fox and North. He renewed his friendship with William Wilberforce, now MP for Hull , with whom he frequently met in the gallery of the House of Commons. Sir James Lowther helped Pitt become a member of parliament for Appleby and on the 26 February he made his maiden speech in the House of Commons. Cassell Publishers. Chancellors of the Exchequer. Unlike in the latter stages of the Napoleonic Wars , at this point Britain had only a very small standing army, and thus contributed to the war effort mainly through sea power and by supplying funds to other coalition members facing France. Lord Henry Petty. Pitt was alarmed at Russian expansion in the s at the expense of the Ottoman Empire. Suffering from occasional poor health as a boy, he was educated at home by the Reverend Edward Wilson. He retained the support of the King, who would not entrust the reins of power to the Fox—North Coalition. Pitt was appointed, along with Lord Sydney who was appointed President. John Murray. Pitt, who was in office when men were first transported to Australia , never regarded that country as anything more than a convict settlement. Many saw Pitt as a stop-gap appointment until some more senior statesman took on the role. William Pitt the Younger was a prime minister who consolidated the powers of his office. He rented land abutting the Castle to farm on which to lay out trees and walks. According to his contemporary biographer, his form tutor and friend George Tomline, Pitt then replied that he had not come there to betray Lord Shelburne. Pitt always paid careful attention to financial issues. The war with France was extremely expensive, straining Great Britain's finances. Pitt assisted his dying father from the chamber. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. Egan Ledger-Lomas, Michael. In April , the mutiny of the entire Spithead fleet shook the government sailors demanded a pay increase to match inflation. The First Fleet of 11 vessels carried over a thousand settlers, including convicts. Archived from the original on 12 April London: James Ridgway. These bottles would be around 35cl in volume, which although still a large amount of alcohol to consume, is not as dramatic as it initially appears. Other repressive measures included the Seditious Meetings Act , which restricted the right of individuals to assemble publicly, and the Combination Acts , which restricted the formation of societies or organisations that favoured political reforms. When Pitt became prime minister, the national credit was impaired by the heavy cost of the American Revolution. Faces of European History: Fact or Fiction? Pitt, who had been stripped of his post as Chancellor of the Exchequer, joined the Opposition. Pitt himself was returned for the University of Cambridge ; only once again , at subsequent elections, did he have to stand a contest. William Pitt the Younger pages; online Furber, Holden. Fortunately for Pitt, the King recovered in February , just after a Regency Bill had been introduced and passed in the House of Commons. Retrieved 31 August As a result, Pitt resigned on February 3, , and his friend formed a government. He set up a new government department, the Board of Control, to supervise the directors of the company. Some of Pitt's domestic plans were not successful; he failed to secure parliamentary reform, emancipation, or the abolition of the slave trade although this last took place with the Slave Trade Act , the year after his death. William Pitt the Younger: A Biography Writer

Lord Rockingham died only three months after coming to power; he was succeeded by another Whig, William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne. Another imperial problem with which Pitt had to deal was that of the future of Canada. Give Feedback External Websites. Losing the war and the Thirteen Colonies was a shock to the British system. Great Britain would continue to use paper money for over two decades. Throughout the s, the war against France was presented as an ideological struggle between French republicanism vs. His administration secure, Pitt could begin to enact his agenda. Suffering from occasional poor health as a boy, he was educated at home by the Reverend Edward Wilson. Problems manning the also led to Pitt to introduce the Quota System in in addition to the existing system of impressment. He also supported a June motion proposing shortening the length of parliament and for curbing the bribing of government ministers. William Pitt the Younger: A Biography. In November , the "great push" began with ships leaving Portsmouth for St. Load Next Page. Fox stated the bill was necessary to save the company from bankruptcy. The reformers, however, were quickly labelled as radicals and associates of the French revolutionaries. The historian Asa Briggs argues that his personality did not endear itself to the British mind, for Pitt was too solitary and too colourless, and too often exuded an attitude of superiority. Pitt later appointed Pretyman Bishop of Lincoln , then Winchester , and drew upon his advice throughout his political career. The Younger Pitt: The consuming struggle. British Foreign Policy in an Age of Revolutions, He was able to mobilize the nation's industrial and financial resources and apply them to defeating France. Roald Amundsen was the first person to reach the South Pole. Great legal wranglings ensued, including the examination of every single vote cast, which dragged on for more than a year. William Pitt the Younger : biography 28 May — 16 January He focused once again on parliamentary reform. From to , he faced each fresh challenge with brilliance; from he showed determination but sometimes faltered; and from he was worn down by Pitt was Prime Minister not because he enjoyed the support of the electorate or of the House of Commons, but because he retained the favour of the Crown. William Pitt also had the rebellion in Ireland to deal with and brought in the Act of Union in January From the castle, he helped organise a local Volunteer Corps in anticipation of a French invasion, acted as colonel of a battalion raised by Trinity House —he was also a Master of Trinity House—and encouraged the construction of Martello towers and the Royal Military Canal in Romney Marsh. Further information: Second Pitt ministry. When Henry Pelham died in office in , Pitt hoped for advancement, but, after much reshuffling and intrigue, Newcastle and Henry Fox later 1st Baron Holland abandoned him for the sake of expediency. Meanwhile, Fox sat for the pocket borough of Tain Burghs. The dictator of Spain in the midth century was Benito Mussolini. At about the same time, however, the king suffered a renewed bout of madness, with the consequence that Addington could not receive his formal appointment. Pitt was appointed, along with Lord Sydney who was appointed President. Yet he was described as charming and friendly. A Cambridge Alumni Database. Pitt, unable to change the king's strong views, resigned on 16 February , [74] so as to allow Henry Addington , his political friend, to form a new administration. Following the defeat of the rebellion, which was assisted by France, he advanced this policy. Raymond Octave Joseph Barre. University of Cambridge. As a younger son, Pitt the Younger only received a small inheritance. Criticisms on the Rolliad: Part the First second ed. About Contact. Oxford UP. The result was a crisis from — We provide you with news from the entertainment industry. By March 8 the majority against him was one vote, and on March 25 Parliament was dissolved. In April , while giving a speech, Pitt Snr. William Pitt the Younger: A Biography Reviews

The crisis again drove the King insane, and after his recovery in March he accused Pitt of having caused his illness. William inherited the gout , as well as a haughty temper and a strain of manic depression. Giffard G. Oxford UP. Early returns showed a massive swing to Pitt with the result that many Opposition Members who still had not faced election either defected, stood down, or made deals with their opponents to avoid expensive defeats. He is buried in Westminster Abbey. When Carteret was forced to resign in , Newcastle and his brother Henry Pelham took office and wanted to include Pitt in their ministry, but George II refused to accept him, though he did accept Cobham, Lyttelton, and Grenville. Get exclusive access to content from our First Edition with your subscription. Although Addington had previously invited him to join the Cabinet, Pitt preferred to join the Opposition, becoming increasingly critical of the government's policies. The Younger Pitt Vol. Chamberlain Horne Baldwin N. He made it easier for honest merchants to import goods by lowering tariffs on easily smuggled items such as tea, wine, spirits and tobacco. A rich cast of characters and a vivid backdrop of global conflict make this riveting biography of Pitt the Younger compulsive reading. But Fox would not consent to join a government from which his ally Lord North would have been excluded. He focused once again on parliamentary reform. Turner, Simon. At the annual Lord Mayor 's Banquet toasting him as "the Saviour of Europe", Pitt responded in a few words that became the most famous speech of his life:. She was attractive, clever, patient, and eminently practical—particularly about money, arranging mortgages, satisfying creditors, and pouring away her own fortune, in his last years of grandiose extravagance, to protect him. Pitt became known as a "three bottle man", a reference to his heavy consumption of port wine. Despite Pitt's efforts, the French continued to defeat the First Coalition , which collapsed in Pitt was an expert in finance and served as Chancellor of the Exchequer. Pitt reacted to become what Lord Minto called "the Atlas of our reeling globe". The History of Parliament.

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He continued his education at Trinity College, Oxford , but left after a year without taking a degree. Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom. When he returned from the ceremony to mark this, men of the City pulled Pitt's coach home themselves, as a sign of respect. Pitt was offered the minor post of Vice-Treasurer of Ireland , but he refused, considering the post overly subordinate. He is buried in Westminster Abbey. Pitt sought European alliances to restrict French influence, forming the Triple Alliance with Prussia and Holland in We provide you with news from the entertainment industry. He has been MP for Richmond, Yorkshire, since , and he lives in his constituency with his wife, Ffion. Top 15 Famous Basketball Players. Britannica Quiz. In peace talks with the Ottomans, Russia refused to return the key Ochakov fortress. The Fox-North Coalition fell in December , after Fox had introduced Edmund Burke 's bill to reform the East India Company to gain the patronage he so greatly lacked while the King refused to support him. Pitt wanted to threaten military retaliation. In , Pitt faced a major crisis when the King fell victim to a mysterious illness, [44] a form of mental disorder that incapacitated him. In he made alliances with Prussia and with Holland , aimed at restricting French influence. The reformers, however, were quickly labelled as radicals and associates of the French revolutionaries. After hearing the news of Austerlitz Pitt referred to a map of Europe, "Roll up that map; it will not be wanted these ten years. Turner, Simon. Life of William Pitt. The result was a crisis from — Forgot your password? France, meanwhile, saw its navy shrink by more than half. Pitt sought to reduce the national debt by imposing new taxes. But his policy of bolstering up the Turkish Empire was supported neither by the entire Cabinet nor by public opinion, and the government, badly shaken, had to reverse its policy. Historians conclude that loss of the American colonies enabled Britain to deal with the French Revolution with more unity and organisation than would otherwise have been the case. Although Addington had previously invited him to join the Cabinet, Pitt preferred to join the Opposition, becoming increasingly critical of the government's policies. Reformers sought to destroy what they saw as widespread institutional corruption. William Pitt resigned as Chancellor of the Exchequer on the 31 March and declared that he was independent of any party. Early returns showed a massive swing to Pitt with the result that many Opposition Members who still had not faced election either defected, stood down, or made deals with their opponents to avoid expensive defeats. Walpole had governed England since , monopolizing patronage, and had—they thought—become too ready to compromise in foreign affairs for the sake of peace. William Pitt was re-elected in October with his government winning an increased majority. Power was transferred from Pitt to Addington on 14 March, when the king recovered. The contemporary satire The Rolliad ridiculed him for his youth: [25]. The First Fleet of 11 vessels carried over a thousand settlers, including convicts. The Younger Pitt 3 volumes. After a furious quarrel, he became estranged from his sister Nan, who had been his hostess for years. Pitt made a successful maiden speech and, in March , when it was clear that a new ministry would soon be formed, announced with astonishing self-confidence that he had no intention of accepting a subordinate position. He was a precocious boy and went to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge , at the age of Reader's guide to British history 2: —45 Moncure, James A. Pitt, however, was comfortable with Shelburne, and thus joined his government; he was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer. His niece Lady Hester Stanhope designed and managed the gardens and acted as his hostess. Unlike in the latter stages of the Napoleonic Wars , at this point Britain had only a very small standing army, and thus contributed to the war effort mainly through sea power and by supplying funds to other coalition members facing France. The general elections of resulted in a majority for the government, and Pitt continued as Prime Minister. An intelligent child, Pitt quickly became proficient in Latin and Greek. An early favourable response to the French Revolution encouraged many in Great Britain to reopen the issue of parliamentary reform, which had been dormant since Pitt's reform bill was defeated in By March 8 the majority against him was one vote, and on March 25 Parliament was dissolved. 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