DOCSLIB.ORG

A New Late Cretaceous Crocodyliform from the Western Margin Of&Nbsp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A New Late Cretaceous Crocodyliform from the Western Margin Of&Nbsp Cretaceous Research 60 (2016) 194e209 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cretaceous Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes A new Late Cretaceous crocodyliform from the western margin of Gondwana (La Rioja Province, Argentina) Lucas E. Fiorelli a, b, *, Juan M. Leardi a, c, E. Martín Hechenleitner a, b, Diego Pol a, d, Giorgio Basilici a, b, e, Gerald Grellet-Tinner a, b, f a Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina b Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnologica (CRILAR), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, 5301, Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina c IDEAN, Departamento de Ciencias Geologicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pab. II, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina d Museo Paleontologico Egidio Feruglio, Avenida Fontana 140, Trelew, 9100, Chubut, Argentina e Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Institute of Geosciences, State University of Campinas, 13083-870, Campinas, SP, Brazil f Orcas Island Historical Museum, 181 N Beach Rd, 98245, Eastsound, WA, USA article info abstract Article history: The Cretaceous witnessed the greatest diversity of Gondwanan notosuchian crocodyliforms, which Received 14 September 2015 displayed high levels of diversity and a notable array of specialized forms that developed in different Received in revised form ecological niches. Among this diversity, the advanced notosuchians are a clade of mid body sized forms 26 November 2015 which displays a remarkable abundance but is restricted to two lithological units from the Late Creta- Accepted in revised form 3 December 2015 ceous of South America, the Adamantina Formation in southeastern Brazil and the Bajo de la Carpa Available online xxx Formation in Patagonia (Argentina). The only exceptions known so far were the Late Cretaceous Labi- diosuchus from the Marilia Formation in Brazil and Yacarerani from the Cajones Formation in Bolivia. Keywords: Llanosuchus tamaensis Crocodyliforms Herein we report a new Cretaceous crocodyliform, gen. nov. et sp. nov., found in Notosuchia the Los Llanos Formation (Campanian?) in northwestern Argentina (La Rioja Province). The small Upper Cretaceous specimen includes well preserved fragments of the cranium and mandible with an estimated skull size of Los Llanos Formation about 9 cm lengths. This crocodyliform shares several derived characters with Notosuchus terrestris from La Rioja the Bajo de la Carpa Formation (Patagonia) and it was found in a weakly developed sandy paleosol profile Argentina formed in wet local conditions but in a region characterized by semi-arid climate and active eolian sedimentation. The presence of a new advanced notosuchian in the Cretaceous of western Gondwana, and its intermediate geographical region between the known South American species (Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia), has interesting implications, and adds another record of an advanced notosuchian in de- posits with inferred warm climates and semi-arid paleoenvironments. Finally, Llanosuchus tamaensis supports a Late Cretaceous age for Los Llanos Formation with important geological implications for La Rioja Province. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction comprises two distinct and major radiations, during the Early Cretaceous (peirosaurids uruguaysuchids and ziphosuchians) þ The Cretaceous of Gondwana witnessed the greatest diversity of and during the Late Cretaceous (South American peirosaurids, crocodyliforms, and the notosuchians are the prime example of this advanced notosuchians, and sebecosuchians). The most notable diversification (de la Fuente et al., 2007; Pol and Gasparini, 2007; feature of the clade is the extraordinary array of specialized forms Pol et al., 2014). According to Pol et al. (2014), Notosuchia that exploited specific ecological niches (Carvalho et al. 2010; Osi,€ 2013; Pol et al., 2014). Their diversification reached its peak in South America, where the majority of the advanced notosuchians are known from two units, in northern Patagonia (Argentina) and in * Corresponding author. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Trans- ferencia Tecnologica (CRILAR), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, 5301, Anillaco, La Rioja, Brazil (Candeiro and Martinelli, 2006; Pol and Gasparini, 2007; Argentina. Tel.: 54 0 3827 494251. Nobre and Carvalho, 2013; Pol et al., 2014). In this contribution þ E-mail address: lucasfi[email protected] (L.E. Fiorelli). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2015.12.003 0195-6671/© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. L.E. Fiorelli et al. / Cretaceous Research 60 (2016) 194e209 195 we use the term advanced notosuchians as it was used by Pol et al. 2013; Hechenleitner et al., 2014) in different beds of this strati- (2014): a group that is deeply nested within Notosuchia and that graphic succession at Tama and other nearby localities. The asso- includes Mariliasuchus amarali, Labidiosuchus amicum, Notosuchus ciated vertebrate fossil fauna (ornithischians, titanosaurids, terrestris, Morrinhosuchus luziae and Sphagesauridae (Pol et al., abelisaurian and coelurosaurian theropods, plus the notosuchian 2014). This informal grouping has been used by other authors described here) and the microfossils, suggest a Late Cretaceous age recently and is usually recovered with high support in their ana- for the unity in Los Llanos region. lyses (e.g., Leardi et al, 2015a, 2015b). This clade also fits the In the Tama area, the Los Llanos Formation consists of a sedi- phylogenetic definition of Notosuchidae given by Sereno (2005), mentary succession more than 150 m thick with beds dipping 2e3 although the latter was made based on analyses with reduced WNW constituted of poorly sorted, medium- to fine-grained taxon sampling that did not include any member of Sphagesaur- sandstones with small pebbles, and secondarily conglomerate idae. Despite the fact that the Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems and sandstones. It is characterized by a succession of cumulative pale- their faunas are well known in these regions (Gasparini et al., 2007; osol profiles (Basilici et al., 2014). Although beds with high calcium Novas, 2009), the diversity of advanced notosuchians outside carbonate content are present throughout the succession, they are northern Patagonia and Brazil is virtually unknown, with the sole particularly common in the lower section. Despite the absence of exception of the Late Cretaceous Yacarerani boliviensis from the sedimentary structures, conglomeratic sandstone at the base of the Cajones Formation of Bolivia (Novas et al., 2009; Leardi et al., formation shows ‘ghosts’ of cross-stratifications. The specimen 20115a). presented here was recovered from a paleosol profile ~30 m above The Cretaceous vertebrate fossil-bearing beds in La Rioja Prov- the contact with the underlying unit (see Supplementary ince, northwestern Argentina, remained poorly known and almost Information for more details and discussions of the geology and unstudied, aside from the Sanagasta neosauropod nesting site in sedimentology of Los Llanos Formation). Los Llanos Formation, being one of the most important recent findings (Grellet-Tinner and Fiorelli, 2010). Field works on the outcrops of the Los Llanos Formation (Tama locality, southeastern 3. Systematic paleontology La Rioja Province, NW Argentina), lead to the discovery of a new terrestrial vertebrate assemblage. This fossil fauna includes repre- Crocodylomorpha Walker, 1970 (sensu Clark, 1986) sentatives of three major dinosaur clades, and their association Crocodyliformes Hay, 1930 (sensu Clark, 1986) with microfossils suggests a Late Cretaceous age for the unit Mesoeucrocodylia Whetstone and Whybrow, 1983 (Fiorelli et al., 2012; Hechenleitner et al., 2014). Notosuchia Gasparini, 1971 Here, we report a new crocodyliform from the Los Llanos For- Llanosuchus tamaensis gen. et sp. nov. mation that consists of skull and lower jaw fragments with incomplete but well-preserved dentition, which represents a new Etymology. From Llanos (Los Llanos geographic region), the south species of a small-bodied notosuchian crocodyliform. In this paper east plains of La Rioja; also from Sierra de Los Llanos (Los Llanos we describe the remains of this new notosuchian and test its mountain range), where the type outcrops of the Los Llanos For- phylogenetic relationships using a recently published dataset. mation are located; and souchos (Gr.), crocodile; specific epithet Institutional abbreviationsdCRILAR Pv, Centro Regional de tamaensis after the Tama village, La Rioja province, Argentina. Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnologica, Paleo- Holotype. CRILAR-Pv 502. The specimen includes fragments of the vertebrate collection, Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina; MLP, Museo left and right maxilla (supporting the left palatal lamina), both with de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; MUCPv, Museo de Geología y maxillary teeth, fragments of the left jugal, left pterygoid and Paleontología, Paleo-vertebrate collection, Universidad Nacional ectopterygoid, right dentary with teeth, and a small fragment of del Comahue, Neuquen, Argentina. right dentary with surangular (Figs. 2e7). 2. Geological setting Type locality. The holotype comes from the Colozacan valley in the vicinity of Tunacata and Guasamayo, 4 km south of Tama village The new taxon was discovered SW of Tama village in La Rioja (Gral. Angel V. Penaloza~ department), western slope of Sierra de Los Province, northwestern Argentina (Fig. 1), in exposures at the type Llanos mountain range in the southeastern region of La
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 8. Archosaur Phylogeny and the Relationships of the Crocodylia
    8. Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia MICHAEL J. BENTON Department of Geology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK JAMES M. CLARK* Department of Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Abstract The Archosauria include the living crocodilians and birds, as well as the fossil dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and basal 'thecodontians'. Cladograms of the basal archosaurs and of the crocodylomorphs are given in this paper. There are three primitive archosaur groups, the Proterosuchidae, the Erythrosuchidae, and the Proterochampsidae, which fall outside the crown-group (crocodilian line plus bird line), and these have been defined as plesions to a restricted Archosauria by Gauthier. The Early Triassic Euparkeria may also fall outside this crown-group, or it may lie on the bird line. The crown-group of archosaurs divides into the Ornithosuchia (the 'bird line': Orn- ithosuchidae, Lagosuchidae, Pterosauria, Dinosauria) and the Croco- dylotarsi nov. (the 'crocodilian line': Phytosauridae, Crocodylo- morpha, Stagonolepididae, Rauisuchidae, and Poposauridae). The latter three families may form a clade (Pseudosuchia s.str.), or the Poposauridae may pair off with Crocodylomorpha. The Crocodylomorpha includes all crocodilians, as well as crocodi- lian-like Triassic and Jurassic terrestrial forms. The Crocodyliformes include the traditional 'Protosuchia', 'Mesosuchia', and Eusuchia, and they are defined by a large number of synapomorphies, particularly of the braincase and occipital regions. The 'protosuchians' (mainly Early *Present address: Department of Zoology, Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, Cali- fornia, USA. The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds (ed. M.J. Benton), Systematics Association Special Volume 35A . pp. 295-338. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Reappraisal of the Sphagesaurid Crocodyliform Sphagesaurus Montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
    TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Zootaxa 3686 (2): 183–200 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3686.2.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9F87DAC0-E2BE-4282-A4F7-86258B0C8668 Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil FABIANO VIDOI IORI¹,², THIAGO DA SILVA MARINHO3, ISMAR DE SOUZA CARVALHO¹ & ANTONIO CELSO DE ARRUDA CAMPOS² 1UFRJ, Departamento de Geologia, CCMN/IGEO, Cidade Universitária – Ilha do Fundão, 21949-900. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2Museu de Paleontologia “Prof. Antonio Celso de Arruda Campos”, Praça do Centenário s/n, Centro, 15910-000 – Monte Alto, Brazil 3Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e Educação (ICENE), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges Jr. 1700 , Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil. [email protected] Abstract Sphagesaurus montealtensis is a sphagesaurid whose original description was based on a comparison with Sphagesaurus huenei, the only species of the clade described to that date. Better preparation of the holotype and the discovery of a new specimen have allowed the review of some characteristics and the identification
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrate Ichnofossils from the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Basin, Late Cretaceous), Brazil
    Rev. bras. paleontol. 9(2):211-220, Maio/Agosto 2006 © 2006 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia INVERTEBRATE ICHNOFOSSILS FROM THE ADAMANTINA FORMATION (BAURU BASIN, LATE CRETACEOUS), BRAZIL ANTONIO CARLOS SEQUEIRA FERNANDES Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Museu Nacional, UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [email protected] ISMAR DE SOUZA CARVALHO Departamento de Geologia, Instituto de Geociências, UFRJ, 21949-900, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [email protected] ABSTRACT – The Bauru Group is a sequence at least 300 m in thickness, of Cretaceous age (Turonian- Maastrichtian), located in southeastern Brazil (Bauru Basin), and consists of three formations, namely Adamantina, Uberaba and Marília. Throughout the Upper Cretaceous, there was an alternation between severely hot dry and rainy seasons, and a diverse fauna and flora was established in the basin. The ichnofossils studied were found in the Adamantina Formation outcrops and were identified as Arenicolites isp., ?Macanopsis isp., Palaeophycus heberti and Taenidium barretti, which reveal the burrowing behavior of the endobenthic invertebrates. There are also other biogenic structures such as plant root traces, coprolites and vertebrate fossil egg nests. The Adamantina Formation (Turonian-Santonian) is a sequence of fine sandstones, mudstones, siltstones and muddy sandstones, whose sediments are interpreted as deposited in exposed channel-bars and floodplains associated areas of braided fluvial environments. Key words: Bauru Basin, ichnofossils, late Cretaceous, continental palaeoenvironments, Adamantina Formation. RESUMO – O Grupo Bauru é uma seqüência de pelo menos 300 m de espessura, de idade cretácica (Turoniano- Maastrichtiano), localizada no Sudeste do Brasil (bacia Bauru), e consiste das formações Adamantina, Uberaba e Marília.
    [Show full text]
  • 71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
    ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas.
    [Show full text]
  • Baixar Este Arquivo
    DOI 10.5935/0100-929X.20120007 Revista do Instituto Geológico, São Paulo, 33 (2), 13-29, 2012 DESCRIÇÃO DE UM ESPÉCIME JUVENIL DE BAURUSUCHIDAE (CROCODYLIFORMES: MESOEUCROCODYLIA) DO GRUPO BAURU (NEOCRETÁCEO): CONSIDERAÇÕES PRELIMINARES SOBRE ONTOGENIA Caio Fabricio Cezar GEROTO Reinaldo José BERTINI RESUMO Entre os táxons de Crocodyliformes do Grupo Bauru (Neocretáceo), grande quan- tidade de morfótipos, incluindo materiais cranianos e pós-cranianos, vem sendo des- crita em associação a Baurusuchus pachecoi. Porém, a falta de estudos ontogenéticos, como os realizados para Mariliasuchus amarali, levou à atribuição de novos gêneros e espécies aos poucos crânios completos encontrados. A presente contribuição traz a descrição de um espécime juvenil de Baurusuchidae depositado no acervo do Museu de Ciências da Terra no Rio de Janeiro sob o número MCT 1724 - R. Trata-se de um rostro e mandíbula associados e em oclusão, com o lado esquerdo melhor preservado que o direito, e dentição zifodonte extremamente reduzida. O fóssil possui 125,3 mm de comprimento preservado da porção anterior do pré-maxilar até a extremidade pos- terior do dentário; 117,5 mm de comprimento preservado do pré-maxilar aos palatinos e altura lateral de 51,4 mm. Entre as informações de caráter ontogenético identificadas destacam-se: ornamentação suave composta de estrias vermiformes muito espaçadas e largas, linha ventral do maxilar mais reta, dentário levemente inclinado dorsalmente na porção mediana e sínfise mandibular menos vertical que em outros baurussúqui- dos de tamanho maior. A maioria das características rostrais e dentárias, diagnósticas para Baurusuchus pachecoi, foi identificada no exemplar MCT 1724 - R: rostro alto e comprimido lateralmente, além de dentição zifodonte com forte redução dentária, que culmina em quatro dentes pré-maxilares e cinco maxilares.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Cretaceous), Brazil
    Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 7(1): 31-36, 2005 Buenos Aires, ISSN 1514-5158 Maniraptoran theropod ungual from the Marília Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Brazil Fernando E. NOVAS1, Luiz Carlos BORGES RIBEIRO2,3 & Ismar de SOUZA CARVALHO4 1CONICET - Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales «Bernardino Rivadavia», Av. Angel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires (1405), Argentina, E-mail: [email protected]. 2Fundação Municipal de Ensino Superior de Uberaba- FUMESU/Centro de Pesquisas Paleontológicas L. I. Price. Av. Randolfo Borges Jr., n° 1.250. Universidade, 38.066-005, Uberaba- MG, Brazil, E-mail: [email protected]. 3Universidade de Uberaba-UNIUBE/Instituto de Formação de Educadores-Departamento de Biologia, Av. Nenê Sabino, n° 1.801. Universitário, Uberaba-MG, 38.055-500, Brazil, E-mail: [email protected]. 4Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geologia, CCMN/IGEO. 21.949-900 Cidade Universitária-Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: A new theropod record from the Marília Formation (Late Cretaceous, Minas Gerais, Brazil) is here described. It consists of an isolated manual ungual which exhibits derived maniraptoran features (e.g., presence of proximodorsal lip). The ungual distinguishes by a set of unique features (e.g., dorsoventrally low and proximodistally elongate profile in side view; block-like flexor tuberosity; proximal articular surface more dorsally oriented than in other theropods; cutting «keel» located distally on ventral surface) suggesting that the animal that produced it was a member of an unknown group of derived maniraptoran theropods, other than alvarezsaurids, deinonychosaurians and oviraptorosaurians already recorded in South America.
    [Show full text]
  • Craniofacial Morphology of Simosuchus Clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar
    Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10 Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Volume 30, Supplement to Number 6: 13–98, November 2010 © 2010 by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology CRANIOFACIAL MORPHOLOGY OF SIMOSUCHUS CLARKI (CROCODYLIFORMES: NOTOSUCHIA) FROM THE LATE CRETACEOUS OF MADAGASCAR NATHAN J. KLEY,*,1 JOSEPH J. W. SERTICH,1 ALAN H. TURNER,1 DAVID W. KRAUSE,1 PATRICK M. O’CONNOR,2 and JUSTIN A. GEORGI3 1Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-8081, U.S.A., [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio 45701, U.S.A., [email protected]; 3Department of Anatomy, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona 85308, U.S.A., [email protected] ABSTRACT—Simosuchus clarki is a small, pug-nosed notosuchian crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Originally described on the basis of a single specimen including a remarkably complete and well-preserved skull and lower jaw, S. clarki is now known from five additional specimens that preserve portions of the craniofacial skeleton. Collectively, these six specimens represent all elements of the head skeleton except the stapedes, thus making the craniofacial skeleton of S. clarki one of the best and most completely preserved among all known basal mesoeucrocodylians. In this report, we provide a detailed description of the entire head skeleton of S. clarki, including a portion of the hyobranchial apparatus. The two most complete and well-preserved specimens differ substantially in several size and shape variables (e.g., projections, angulations, and areas of ornamentation), suggestive of sexual dimorphism.
    [Show full text]
  • Cranial Features of Baurusuchus Salgadoensis
    ISBN 978-85-7193-184-8 – Editora Interciência 2007 Paleontologia: Cenários de Vida CRANIAL FEATURES OF BAURUSUCHUS SALGADOENSIS CARVALHO, CAMPOS & NOBRE 2005, A BAURUSUCHIDAE ΈMESOEUCROCODYLIAΉ FROM THE ADAMANTINA FORMATION, BAURU BASIN, BRAZIL: PALEOICHNOLOGICAL, TAXONOMIC AND SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATIONS Felipe Mesquita de Vasconcellos & Ismar de Souza Carvalho Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Geologia, CCMN/IGEO. 21.949-900 Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão. Rio de Janeiro - RJ. Brasil E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Some features of the skull of Baurusuchus salgadoensis Carvalho, Campos & Nobre 2005, a baurusuchid Mesoeucrocodylia from the Adamantina Formation of Bauru Basin, are described, discussed and reinterpreted. The punctures and perforations of the skull of B. salgadoensis, one of them previously described as the antobital fenestrae, were interpreted as tooth-marks. The probable producer is a medium or large ziphodont terrestrial archosaur, possibly a baurusuchid or Abelisauridae. The choanae of B. salgadoensis bears some similarities with Stratiotosuchus. The choanae and the palatal surfaces seem to be similar among baurusuchids, notosuchids and sphagesaurids with minor differences. This similarity is congruent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses, supporting a closer relationship among these Creataceous Mesoeucrodylia taxa. Key-words: Baurusuchus salgadoensis, Upper Cretaceous, Bauru Basin RESUMO Algumas características do crânio de Baurusuchus salgadoensis Carvalho, Campos & Nobre 2005, um baurussuquídeo Mesoeucrocodylia proveniente da Formação Adamantina da Bacia Bauru, são descritas, discutidas e reinterpretadas. As perfurações e depressões presentes no crânio de B. salgadoensis, uma delas descrita anteriormente como a fenestra antorbital, foram interpretadas como marcas de dentes. O provável produtor destas marcas é um arcossauro terrestre de médio à grande porte com dentes zifodontes, possivelmente um baurussuquídeo ou Abelisauridae.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Pissarrachampsinae Specimen from the Bauru Basin, Brazil, Adds
    YCRES104969_proof ■ 29 July 2021 ■ 1/13 Cretaceous Research xxx (xxxx) xxx 55 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect 56 57 58 Cretaceous Research 59 60 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes 61 62 63 64 65 1 A new Pissarrachampsinae specimen from the Bauru Basin, Brazil, 66 2 67 3 adds data to the understanding of the Baurusuchidae 68 4 (Mesoeucrocodylia, Notosuchia) distribution in the Late Cretaceous of 69 5 70 6 Q7 South America 71 7 72 8 a, * b, c d Q6 Gustavo Darlim , Ismar de Souza Carvalho , Sandra Aparecida Simionato Tavares , 73 9 Max Cardoso Langer a 74 10 75 11 a Universidade de Sao~ Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ci^encias e Letras de Ribeirao~ Preto, Laboratorio de Paleontologia, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao~ Preto, 76 12 SP, Brazil 77 b ^ 13 Q2 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias, CCMN, 21.910-200 Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 273, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil c Centro de Geoci^encias da Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal 78 14 d Museu de Paleontologia “Prof. Antonio^ Celso de Arruda Campos”, Praça do Centenario, Centro, Monte Alto, SP, Brazil 79 15 80 16 81 17 article info abstract 82 18 83 19 Article history: Baurusuchidae is one of the most diverse notosuchian groups, represented by ten formally described 84 20 Received 7 January 2021 species from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Bauru and Neuquen basins, respectively in Brazil and 85 21 Received in revised form Argentina. Among these, recent phylogenetic analyses placed Wargosuchus australis, Campinasuchus 86 18 July 2021 22 dinizi, and Pissarrachampsa sera within Pissarrachampsinae, whereas Baurusuchinae is composed by 87 Accepted in revised form 18 July 2021 23 Aphaurosuchus escharafacies, Aplestosuchus sordidus, Baurusuchus albertoi, Baurusuchus pachecoi, Baur- Available online xxx 88 24 usuchus salgadoensis, and Stratiotosuchus maxhechti.
    [Show full text]
  • The Baurusuchidae Vs Theropoda Record in the Bauru Group (Upper Cretaceous, Brazil): a Taphonomic Perspective
    Journal of Iberian Geology https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-018-0048-4 RESEARCH PAPER The Baurusuchidae vs Theropoda record in the Bauru Group (Upper Cretaceous, Brazil): a taphonomic perspective Kamila L. N. Bandeira1 · Arthur S. Brum1 · Rodrigo V. Pêgas1 · Giovanne M. Cidade2 · Borja Holgado1 · André Cidade1 · Rafael Gomes de Souza1 Received: 31 July 2017 / Accepted: 23 January 2018 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Purpose The Bauru Group is worldwide known due to its high diversity of archosaurs, especially that of Crocodyliformes. Recently, it has been suggested that the Crocodyliformes, especially the Baurusuchidae, were the top predators of the Bauru Group, based on their anatomical convergence with theropods and the dearth of those last ones in the fossil record of this geological group. Methods Here, we erect the hypothesis that assumption is taphonomically biased. For this purpose, we made a literature survey on all the published specimens of Theropoda, Baurusuchidae and Titanosauria from all geological units from the Bauru Group. Also, we gathered data from the available literature, and we classifed each fossil fnd under a taphonomic class proposed on this work. Results We show that those groups have diferent degrees of bone representativeness and diferent qualities of preservation pattern. Also, we suggest that baurusuchids lived close to or in the abundant food plains, which explains the good preserva- tion of their remains. Theropods and titanosaurs did not live in association with such environments and the quality of their preservation has thus been negatively afected. Conclusions We support the idea that the Baurusuchidae played an important role in the food chain of the ecological niches of the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group, but the possible biases in their fossil record relative to Theropoda do not support the conclusion that baurusuchids outcompeted theropods.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Reappraisal of the Sphagesaurid Crocodyliform Sphagesaurus Montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
    Zootaxa 3686 (2): 183–200 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3686.2.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9F87DAC0-E2BE-4282-A4F7-86258B0C8668 Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil FABIANO VIDOI IORI¹,², THIAGO DA SILVA MARINHO3, ISMAR DE SOUZA CARVALHO¹ & ANTONIO CELSO DE ARRUDA CAMPOS² 1UFRJ, Departamento de Geologia, CCMN/IGEO, Cidade Universitária – Ilha do Fundão, 21949-900. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2Museu de Paleontologia “Prof. Antonio Celso de Arruda Campos”, Praça do Centenário s/n, Centro, 15910-000 – Monte Alto, Brazil 3Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e Educação (ICENE), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Av. Dr. Randolfo Borges Jr. 1700 , Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil. [email protected] Abstract Sphagesaurus montealtensis is a sphagesaurid whose original description was based on a comparison with Sphagesaurus huenei, the only species of the clade described to that date. Better preparation of the holotype and the discovery of a new specimen have allowed the review of some characteristics and the identification of several synapomorphies of S. mon- tealtensis with the genus Caipirasuchus: presence of antorbital fenestra; external nares bordered only by the premaxillae;
    [Show full text]
  • New Transitional Fossil from Late Jurassic of Chile Sheds Light on the Origin of Modern Crocodiles Fernando E
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN New transitional fossil from late Jurassic of Chile sheds light on the origin of modern crocodiles Fernando E. Novas1,2, Federico L. Agnolin1,2,3*, Gabriel L. Lio1, Sebastián Rozadilla1,2, Manuel Suárez4, Rita de la Cruz5, Ismar de Souza Carvalho6,8, David Rubilar‑Rogers7 & Marcelo P. Isasi1,2 We describe the basal mesoeucrocodylian Burkesuchus mallingrandensis nov. gen. et sp., from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) Toqui Formation of southern Chile. The new taxon constitutes one of the few records of non‑pelagic Jurassic crocodyliforms for the entire South American continent. Burkesuchus was found on the same levels that yielded titanosauriform and diplodocoid sauropods and the herbivore theropod Chilesaurus diegosuarezi, thus expanding the taxonomic composition of currently poorly known Jurassic reptilian faunas from Patagonia. Burkesuchus was a small‑sized crocodyliform (estimated length 70 cm), with a cranium that is dorsoventrally depressed and transversely wide posteriorly and distinguished by a posteroventrally fexed wing‑like squamosal. A well‑defned longitudinal groove runs along the lateral edge of the postorbital and squamosal, indicative of a anteroposteriorly extensive upper earlid. Phylogenetic analysis supports Burkesuchus as a basal member of Mesoeucrocodylia. This new discovery expands the meagre record of non‑pelagic representatives of this clade for the Jurassic Period, and together with Batrachomimus, from Upper Jurassic beds of Brazil, supports the idea that South America represented a cradle for the evolution of derived crocodyliforms during the Late Jurassic. In contrast to the Cretaceous Period and Cenozoic Era, crocodyliforms from the Jurassic Period are predomi- nantly known from marine forms (e.g., thalattosuchians)1.
    [Show full text]