Partnerships Funding Provided By

BALTIC SEA REGION CLIMATE PARTNERSHIPS FUNDING PROVIDED BY:

THE FOLLOWING PROJECTS, Baltic Sea Region Climate Dialogue Platform DESCRIBED IN THIS PUBLICATION, Baltic GPP ARE FLAGSHIPS OF THE EU STRATEGY EFFECT4buildings FOR THE BALTIC SEA REGION: Bioenergy Promotion 2 Baltadapt REALS EcoVillages Gaps to Caps BALTIC SEA REGION CLIMATE PARTNERSHIPS 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

6 Impacts of Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region

8 EUSBSR Horizontal Action Climate

10 CLIMATE DIALOGUE PARTNERSHIPS

12 Baltic Sea Region Climate Dialogue Platform

13 BSR Dialogue Forum on Energy and Resource Efficiency

14 Baltic Waste Management Council

15 Baltic Earth

16 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS

18 FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

20 CROSS-SECTOR

21 Baltic Green Public Procurement (Baltic GPP)

22 AGRICULTURE

23 Bioeconomy in the South Baltic Area: Biomass-based Innovation and Green Growth (BioBIGG)

24 TRANSPORT

25 Liquefied Natural Gas value chain for clean shipping, green ports and blue growth in the Baltic Sea Region (Go LNG)

26 Low-carbon Logistics (LCL) 28 ENERGY

29 Effective Financing Tools for implementing Energy Efficiency in Buildings (EFFECT4buildings)

30 Bioenergy Promotion 2

32 EDUCATION

33 Let’s do it - South Baltic Initiatives to stop climate change

34 FOCUS ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

36 CROSS-SECTOR

37 Sustainable and Ethical Adaptation to Rising Mean Sea Levels (SEA-RIMS)

38 Cross-sectorial cooperation in capacity building (CRCC)

39 Risk Management Capability Based on Gaps Identification in the BSR (From Gaps to Caps)

40 Baltadapt

42 URBAN DEVELOPMENT

43 Integrated Stormwater Management (iWater)

44 Resilient and Ecological Approaches for Living Sustainably (REALS)

45 Climate Change: Impacts, Costs and Adaptation in the Baltic Sea Region (BaltCICA)

46 AGRICULTURE

47 EcoVillages IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION

Climate change is one of the most pressing Simulated changes in precipitation in the environmental issues today. Human influence Baltic Sea Region are large and indicate a on the climate system is clear, and recent wetter climate in the future. The projected anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases increases are largest and most consist- are the highest in history. Recent climate ent during winter. In summer the scenarios changes have had widespread impacts on generally show MORE PRECIPITATION IN THE human and natural systems. Continued NORTH AND LESS IN THE SOUTH but there emission of greenhouse gases will cause are large uncertainties in this. Also pre- further warming and long-lasting changes cipitation extremes are projected to change in all components of the climate system, with time and models show INCREASING increasing the likelihood of severe, perva- AMOUNTS OF PRECIPITATION ASSOCIATED sive and irreversible impacts for people and WITH EXTREME EVENTS, also in areas that ecosystems. Limiting climate change would may experience decreases in seasonal mean require substantial and sustained reductions precipitation. in greenhouse gas emissions which, together with adaptation, can limit climate change risks Climate change simulations reveal a large (IPCC Climate Change Synthesis report, 2014). spread in changes in wind speed in the Baltic Current impacts of climate change in the Sea region. A majority of projections show Baltic Sea Region (BSR) are also evident and AN INCREASE OF WIND SPEED over the are expected to emerge also in the future. Baltic Sea in a future warmer climate but the uncertainty is large. According to the conclusions of the BALTA- DAPT project, the majority of climate change The projected regional climate change will simulations reveal strong changes in the air have the largest effect on the RISING SEA temperature in BSR. The simulated increase LEVEL in the Bothnian Bay, the Gulf of is already statistically significant in the near- Finland and the Gulf of Riga. The total rise est few decades compared to the most re- will be much larger in the southern and cent past decades. The changes are largest in south-eastern parts of the Baltic Sea while winter and most so in the north-eastern part the northern part will be less affected. The of the domain, where a coupling to a reduc- consequences of rising sea levels will differ tion in snow and sea ice is evident. Tem- along the coastline where lowland areas perature extremes are projected to change and densely populated regions are more more than long-term averages. In winter this exposed. On a shorter time-scale the sea implies that cold extremes in today’s climate level in the Baltic Sea is affected by the will get very unusual in a future warmer local meteorological conditions which may climate, while SUMMERTIME HOT EXTREMES cause an extreme sea level rise and flooding. ARE EXPECTED TO BE MORE INTENSE than The frequency of such events in the future those today. climate is unpredictable.

6 The wave climate in the Baltic Sea is chang- and proper management measures are taken. ing warmer water. Potentially LARGE-SCALE ing as a result of the largescale atmospheric Increased plankton production and further re- FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE ECOSYSTEM circulation. Model simulations in the Baltic duction in oxygen concentration MAY CAUSE can be foreseen. Sea show an increase in maximal wind speed EVEN LARGER DESERT-LIKE AREAS IN THE and frequency of extreme events. Following DEEPER PARTS OF THE BALTIC, devoid of Infrastructure in the Baltic Sea region will be these changes in wind conditions, the wave macroscopic benthic fauna and increase the affected by climate change in various ways. height and frequency of the highest waves areas where the species composition of today Rising temperatures, decreasing sea ice cov- are also increasing. As a consequence, the is changed. The increased plankton produc- er, sea level rise, changing precipitation and NUMBER OF EROSION EVENTS IN THE tion and biomass in the surface layer will storm patterns directly impact infrastructure SHALLOW AREAS IS INCREASING as well. reduce light penetration and by that affect such as coastal protection, maritime traffic, eelgrass meadows and seaweed forests on ports and tourism infrastructure. Indirect ef- All scenario simulations display INCREAS- reefs and rocky shores. In the Northern Baltic fects of climate change such as shifts in tour- ING WATER TEMPERATURES, both for the Sea the expected lack of or reduced ice cover ism or changes in demand will have further volume average and for the sea surface. The over the winter season will affect populations consequences for the maritime sector. Also largest change is obtained in the Bothnian of birds and at least the ringed seal, and may economic sectors like forestry, agriculture, Bay in summer. In winter the largest increase have secondary impacts on numerous links construction, energy production and trans- is found in the Gulf of Finland. Changing wa- in the ecosystem as cold-adapted species port will be affected by the climate change. ter temperatures will have an impact on the are replaced by freshwater species tolerat- occurrence and distribution of various species in the Baltic Sea. In summer cyanobacterial blooms may be enhanced. In areas where late winter convection normally takes place an increased temperature may change the The Baltic Sea region is highly industrialised and populated, thus making density distribution in such a way that the it particularly vulnerable to climate changes. The riparian BSR countries deep convection is affected. share a certain responsibility to respond to the climate change and its Substantial changes in the Baltic Sea ecosys- possible impacts on human security, the environment and competiveness tem are expected in the coming 100 years. in the region. It is therefore important to work not only on mitigation The sea will become more brackish, warmer measures, but also on strategies to adapt to climatic changes. The and the sea level will rise in the southern part. establishment and implementation of the Macro-Regional Climate Biological communities inhabiting the Baltic will change dramatically. FEWER SPECIES Change Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan in the BSR will strengthen WILL BE PRESENT IN GENERAL AND MORE efforts to such cooperation, based on the understanding of the specific FRESHWATER SPECIES WILL PENETRATE impacts within the Baltic Sea Region. INTO THE BALTIC at the expense of the marine species. Eutrophication may increase due to the expected increase in precipitation in the catchment area unless political action

7 EUSBSR HORIZONTAL ACTION CLIMATE

HORIZONTAL ACTION (HA) CLIMATE OF THE HA CLIMATE FOCUSES ON TWO MAIN AREAS - THE HA CLIMATE SETS OUT TO SUPPORT EU STRATEGY FOR THE BALTIC SEA REGION LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION (EUSBSR) AIMS TO: CHANGE ADAPTATION. THE HA CLIMATE OF NATIONAL CLIMATE POLICIES AND LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT ACTION SETS ADVANCE JOINT CLIMATE ACTIONS —> Facilitate integrative cross-sectorial policy OUT TO SUPPORT THE BALTIC SEA REGION IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION BY: discussions and alignment of policies, TRANSFORMATION INTO A LOW CARBON including mainstreaming of climate change ECONOMY BY: —> Mainstreaming climate into land use and into other sector policies spatial planning as well as into territorial —> Promote low emission and climate resilient —> Strengthening macro regional cooperation governance development on mitigation —> Supporting the harmonization of indicators —> Promote regional cooperation and —> Raising public awareness on low-emission for monitoring vulnerability and progress of empower EU climate and energy policy lifestyles adaptation action development —> Promoting a circular economy, solutions —> Promoting best practices on climate action —> Promote sustainable production and for integrated renewable energy, energy between the stakeholders and macro- consumption-oriented measures efficiency in buildings and improved waste regions —> Increase coordination and synergy among management —> Strengthening disaster risk management initiatives and projects dealing with climate —> Promoting Green Public Procurement and preparedness. adaptation and mitigation in the BSR —> Supporting the harmonisation of regulations and proposals between BSR planning authorities —> Facilitating policy-science-business dialogue for deployment of best available technologies and social innovation

8 The climate actions of the EUSBSR are truly REGIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS, DIFFERENT THE FOLLOWING IS AN OVERVIEW OF “horizontal” by involving stakeholders from POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES IS ESSENTIAL SELECTED PARTNERSHIPS AND EXAMPLES across the whole region, from a wide range FOR THE SUCCESS OF THE STRATEGY, OF COOPERATION IN THE BALTIC SEA of sectors and policy areas, as reflected by as they can transfer the macro-regional REGION, AIMING TO ACHIEVE LOW-CARBON the long-term sector specific networks for objectives of the Strategy into regional and DEVELOPMENT AND INCREASE RESILIENCE cooperation and policy dialogue platforms as local initiatives. TO THE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF THE well by transnational projects carried out in the CLIMATE CHANGE. recent years in the Baltic Sea Region. Council of the Baltic Sea States Secretariat (CBSS) in its capacity as the coordinator of HA The implementation system of the Strategy is Climate encourages building of partnerships based on a multi-level governance principle between various stakeholder groups both where many authority structures interact in on developing joint projects and initiating the political spectrum together with active policy dialogue within the sectors in order stakeholders. The INVOLVEMENT OF A BROAD to mainstream climate into the sector RANGE OF STAKEHOLDERS REPRESENTING policies. These partnerships aim also to build THE EUROPEAN UNION, NATIONAL, capacities of various stakeholders to address the emerging complex climate change issues.

9 10 CLIMATE DIALOGUE PARTNERSHIPS

11 BALTIC SEA REGION CLIMATE CLIMATE DIALOGUE PLATFORM DIALOGUE

WEBSITE: http://www.cbss.org/strategies/horizontal-action-climate

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The BSR Climate Change Dialogue Plat- EUSBSR HA Climate, led by the Council The BSR Climate Change Dialogue Platform form is a strategic action initiated by the of the Baltic Sea States secretariat (CBSS), was a direct result of the Baltadapt project, Baltic 2030 network to facilitate coordi- Baltic 2030 network, Estonian Ministry of which produced a Climate Change Adapta- nation and knowledge exchange among the Environment, Estonian Environmental tion Strategy and an Action Plan for the Bal- the member states and to support the Research Centre, Stockholm Environment tic Sea Region. Baltadapt aimed to improve development and implementation of the Institute (SEI Tallinn Center), Baltic Envi- intergovernmental cooperation and to set national climate policies and advance joint ronmental Forum Estonia, Coastal Union up a platform for continuous policy-science climate actions in the Baltic Sea Region. Germany, Latvian Ministry of Environmental dialogue. It is the only multi-stakeholder Protection and Regional Development, platform for climate cooperation in the The main elements of the CBSS Climate Polish Ministry of the Environment, Ministry Baltic Sea region and is open to relevant Dialogue Platform are as follows: of Natural Resources and Environment of stakeholders from different levels of govern- the Russian Federation, Climate secretariat ments and sectors in order to ensure a truly —> Round-tables. Information exchange of Russian Social Ecological Union, Russian cross-sectoral, integrated working approach. between countries, EUSBSR, Policy Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and In June 2015, the Platform was included as Areas/Horizontal Actions and the EU for Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), a new Flagship of the EU Strategy for the policy alignment and development/im- Russian Geological Research Institute, Swed- Baltic Sea Region (HA Climate). plementation of national climate policies ish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, —> Climate inventory: collection and dis- Swedish civil contingencies agency (MSB), semination of data on Climate Change Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Adaptation. Swedish Geotechnical Institute, European —> BSR climate forums and capacity build- Environment Agency, VASAB, CPMR. ing programmes: for stakeholders involvement and awareness raising —> Joint projects and actions for providing practical solutions —> Cooperation with the EC and EEA, other EU macro regions, the UN for policy alignment, and knowledge exchange & transfer.

12 BSR DIALOGUE FORUM ON EFFECT ENERGY AND RESOURCE EFFICIENCY

WEBSITE: http://www.cbss.org/sustainable-prosperous-region/baltic-21-lighthouse-projects

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

BSR Dialogue Forum on Energy and CBSS Secretariat Baltic 2030 Unit, Swed- • Policy Review on Energy Efficiency in Resource Efficiency is one of the outputs ish National Board of Housing (SE), Build- the Baltic Sea Region provided an over- of the EFFECT project. EFFECT’s main ing and Planning, County Board of Dalarna view of policies concerning energy efficien- aim was to map, communicate, foster and (SE), Sustainable Business Hub Sustain- cy with a special focus on energy efficiency learn from good practice solutions on eco- able Business Hub, Greenelizer Green in buildings. The review stressed that efficiency in the Baltic Sea Region. The Tech Consultancy (SE), Royal Technical improving energy efficiency is the most project was designed to attract and enable University KTH (SE), Regional Council of cost -efficient way to reduce emissions, cities, villages and BSR sub-regions as Pohjois-Savo (FI), Kaunas District Munici- improve energy security and that the co- well as other relevant actors from the lo- pality (LT), Lithuanian Institute of Agrarian benefits of improving energy efficiency in cal, regional, national and pan-Baltic level Economics (LT), Central Mining Institute of buildings include job creation, fuel poverty to jointly develop and implement policies Poland (PL), University of Lifelong Learning alleviation, health improvements, better and concrete actions on becoming more of Belarus (BY), Belarusian National Tech- energy security and improved industrial energy and resource efficient, sustainable nical University (BY), Norwegian Hedmark competitiveness. It also emphasized and resilient, while stimulating a greener County Council (NO), City of Petrozavodsk the importance of financial instruments, economy. (RU), Leontief Centre (RU), Nordregio, administrative procedures and informing VASAB, Baltic Sea Parliamentary Confer- the general public. ence Working Group on Green Growth and Energy Efficiency. • Project and Policy Review on Low Car- bon Economy in the Baltic Sea Region, evaluated the use of different indicators (such as emissions, energy consumption, energy prices and energy efficiency) to measure the current state of play and thereby to be able to make informed decisions.

13 BALTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT COUNCIL

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

Establishment of the Baltic Waste IVL - Swedish Environmental Research The project created innovative business Management Council was one of the Institute (SE), Belarussian Association of opportunities in the clean-tech industry outputs of the project Towards Sustainable Environmental Management (BAEM) (BY), by establishing a transnational and Waste Management in the Baltic Sea Estonian Regional and Local Development cross-sectorial platform for expertise Region-RECO Baltic 21 Tech (October Agency (ERKAS) (EE), Stockholm exchange in waste management in the 2010-December 2013) project aimed at the Environment Institute Tallinn Centre Baltic Sea Region. In the long-term all strengthening the capacity of Baltic Sea (SEI Tallinn) (SE/EE); Hamburg University the project activities will contribute to countries to climb the waste hierarchy and of Applied Sciences (HAW) (DE), Waste resource efficiency and reduction of the meet the EU directives requirements on Management Association of Latvia (LV), greenhouse gases emission from the waste prevention of wastes, waste reuse, recycling Ogre Municipality(LV), Kaunas University management sector. and recovery. of Technology (APINI) (LT), Siauliai Region Waste Management Centre (LT), Alytus Region Waste Management Centre (LT), Gdansk University of Technology (PL), State Autonomous Institution of Kaliningrad Region “Environmental Centre - ECAT-Kaliningrad” (RU), North Western International Cleaner Production Centre (RU), Sustainable Business Hub (SE) and IIIEE Lund (SE).

14 BALTIC EARTH

WEBSITE: http://www.baltic-earth.eu

Baltic Earth is an open research network of scientists involved in environmental research in the Baltic Sea basin in all its aspects. It is meant to act as a common science, communication and data platform, with the overall goal to integrate efforts to gain a better understanding of the Earth system of the Baltic Sea region, encompassing processes in the atmosphere, on land and in the sea, as well as processes and impacts related to human activities. Among other goals is to foster the development of coupled models contributing to a regional Earth System Modelling of the Baltic Sea basin.

Baltic Earth research encompasses the following disciplines: meteorology, hydrology, oceanography, Regional Climate Research, biogeochemistry, numerical modelling as a common tool, attempting to integrate these disciplines, and social science to evaluate the role of humans in the changing environment.

The goal of Baltic Earth is to achieve an improved Earth system understanding of the Baltic Sea region. Baltic Earth is the successor to BALTEX that was terminated in June 2013 after 20 years and two successful phases. The research components of BALTEX continue to be relevant, but now have a more holistic focus encompassing processes in the atmosphere, on land and in the sea, as well as processes and impacts related to the antroposphere.

15 16 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS

17 18 FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

19 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

CROSS-SECTOR

20 BALTIC GREEN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT (GPP) CAPACITY BUILDING AND IMPLEMENTATION IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION

WEBSITE: http://www.motivanhankintapalvelu.fi/the-green-procurement-guide/EN

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

Baltic Green Public Procurement (GPP) Swedish Environmental Management The project helped to strengthen and project carried-out from September 2011 Council (SE), CBSS Baltic 2030 Unit, SKL further develop national GPP focal to June 2014, aimed to cooperate across Kommentus (SE), Motiva (FI), Danish points in each country of the region, to borders in the development of com- Environmental Protection Agency (DK), increase knowledge and expertise on mon resources in the BSR for supporting National Procurement Ltd. (DK), Procure- GPP amongst procurement professionals tendering innovative green products and ment Department of Danish Ministry of at all governmental levels, as well as to services. The objective of the project was Environment (DK), Department of Public develop common training materials and to increase the level and uptake of GPP Procurement of Norwegian Agency for to build up the necessary capacity to have in the Baltic Sea Region, stimulate green Public Management and e-Government the knowledge to implement GPP in the growth through GPP (procuring innovative (NO), German Federation of Energy and Baltic Sea Region. About 380 people were products and services and involving excel- Climate Protection Agencies (DE), Tromsø trained in nine BSR countries. The project ling (SME) suppliers for green solutions), County Council (NO), Sør Trøndelag also produced an online green procure- address better core environmental priori- County Authority (NO). ment guide, which takes users through the ties such as the Baltic Sea pollution and basics and the potential of GPP, important Climate Change mitigation and adapta- roles and processes, methods and criteria. tion measures through GPP, align regional It focuses on four important procurement approaches to GPP application and foster areas: Catering Services, Construction, IT life-long learning and exchange within the and Transport Baltic GPP network.

21 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

AGRICULTURE

22 BIOECONOMY IN THE SOUTH BALTIC AREA: BIOMASS-BASED INNOVATION AND GREEN GROWTH (BIOBIGG)

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

BioBIGG project aims to unlock the in- Region Zealand (DK); Roskilde Univer- The project will concentrate on the novation potential, related to unutilized sity (DK); Region Scania (SE); Swedish most promising innovation and market biological resources in the Agro-Industrial Institute of Agricultural and Environmen- maturation options in order to bring the value chains (such as grain production, tal Engineering (SE); Rostock Agency biomass-based products, production pro- sugar production, vegetable production for Renewable Resources (DE); Gdansk cesses and business models closer to the and manufacturing). Strengthening of the University of Technology (PL). commercial stage. Within the seed money SME innovation capacity will be achieved project these potentials will be screened through cross-border knowledge transfer, and assessed tentatively, whereas in sharing of good practices, advisory the main project these potentials will be activities and preparation of pilot projects further explored, analyzed, developed and and investments. Development of new disseminated. knowledge and co-creation of innovative solutions will be adapted to the specific situations and framework conditions in the participating regions.

23 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

TRANSPORT

24 LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS VALUE CHAIN FOR CLEAN SHIPPING, GREEN PORTS AND BLUE GROWTH IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION (GO LNG)

WEBSITE: www.golng.eu

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The project which is funded by INTER- Klaipeda Science and Technology Park The project will establish a BSR LNG REG BSR during 2016-2018 will focus on (LT); Klaipeda State Seaport Authority (LT); business cluster that will help the transport developing the demand and accessibility Klaipeda Shipping Research Centre (LT); and marine technology industry be more of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) in the Baltic Klaipedos Nafta (LT); Wismar University competitive towards the Blue growth Sea Region (BSR). The aim of the project of Applied Sciences (DE); ATI-erc gGmbH strategy, establishing the value chain is to establish a strategic approach of LNG (DE); Institute for sustainable Economics for the BSR as a hub for clean shipping, infrastructure development and mobilize and Logistics (DE); Logistik-Initiative Ham- competence and technology in LNG for the critical mass of technology, business burg (DE); Maritime University of Szczecin transport. The aim of the cluster is to partnerships, and regulative authorities to (PL); Motus Foundation (PL); Blekinge promote innovation and business projects, implement LNG powered transport cor- Institute of Technology (SE); Clean Ship- providing solutions for existing and up- ridors in BSR. An integrated value chain will ping Index (SE); World Maritime University coming users. It would also enhance eve- increase the competitiveness of LNG fuel (SE); Svenskt Marintekniskt Forum (SE); ryday LNG usage i.e. LNG powered trucks by improving the economic and environ- Maritime Development Center of Europe and ships, LNG energy or LNG power for mental performance and increasing the (DK); Transport Innovations Network (DK); inland waterways. fuel and infrastructure demand. Replacing Samsø Commune (DK); OSK-Ship Tech the liquid fossil fuels with LNG reduces A/S (DK); Shipping Offshore Network significantly GHG emissions from shipping. (NO); Baltic Ports Organization (EE). The project will also explore opportunities to use a LNG infrastructure for Liquid Bio Gas (LBG). The project consortium consists of 18 partners from 6 different countries and gathers all major LNG stakeholders in the BSR.

25 LOW-CARBON LOGISTICS (LCL)

WEBSITE: http://energikontorsydost.se/l/projekt/10995

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

Low-carbon Logistics project, financed Energy Agency for Southeast Sweden In its last stage, the project will start an by the Interreg South Baltic Program Ltd. (SE); Olofströms Näringsliv AB (SE); active implementation of the determined (2016-2019) aims to establish low carbon Rietavas Tourism and Business Information measures and solutions via pilot logistic structures in four locations within Centre (LT); Rietavas Municipality measures in each region. This work will be the South Baltic Region, giving them best Administration(LT); Neringa Municipality accompanied by an extensive engagement practice status towards widest possible (LT); The Green Policy Institute (LT); of the public from the very beginning of adaptation. To achieve this, an analysis Research GmbH Wismar,Competence the project, which includes campaign of preconditions (flows, type of goods, Centre for Rural Area Mobility (DE); Institute work, as well as the development and stakeholders, guidelines etc.) will be carried for Climate Protection, Energy and Mobility recommendation of business models out, joint development of a low carbon (DE); Maritime University of Szczecin (PL). related to low carbon logistics, the creation logistics concept for towns and rural areas of an international label for low carbon in the SB region, which will be done jointly logistics institutions and learning from by the pilot regions and an international best practices. Project activities will ensure consortium of transport and mobility that the national expertise of the involved experts and on basis of the concept, the partners will be made available for other local/regional working plans and long- regions for active use during and after the term strategies will be developed in close project. For dissemination of the project cooperation with relevant players. outputs, an international LCL consultancy structure will be established and operated towards supporting specific regions with the green logistics attempts, providing guidance on application of green policy instruments relevant for transport sector.

26 27 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

ENERGY

28 EFFECTIVE FINANCING TOOLS FOR IMPLEMENTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS (EFFECT4BUILDINGS)

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The EFFECT4buildings project financed County board of Dalarna (SE), Project aims to develop measures to from INTERREG Seed Money Facility (2016) Environmental office of Lappeenranta enhance owner’s capacity in decision is preparing a major project for developing region (FI), Hedmark County Council (NO), making and to convince the decision and improving institutional and financial Vidzeme Planning Region (LV), Gate 21 makers in municipalities to invest in energy measures, promoting energy efficient (DK), Tallinn Science Park Tehnopol (EE), efficiency measures of the public buildings. technological solutions to increase energy Sustainable Infrastructure Cluster (PL). efficiency in buildings, as well as developing and implementing training schemes for professionals and anchoring them in the daily practice of the target group. Project stems from the preceding EFFECT project, funded by Swedish Institute, which sought to map, foster and communicate good practice solutions that attract and enable cities, villages and regions from all relevant levels of governance to jointly develop and implement policies and concrete actions on becoming more energy and resource efficient, sustainable and resilient, while stimulating green growth.

DOWNLOAD REPORT “ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION, POLICY AND PROJECT REVIEW”: http://www.cbss.org/new-report-energy- efficiency-baltic-sea-region-published/

29 BIOENERGY PROMOTION 2

WEBSITE: www.bioenergypromotion.com

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The Bioenergy Promotion 2 project, German Agency for Renewable Resources Policy Recommendations on Bioen- financed by the Interreg BSR Programme (DE), Baltic Eco Energy Cluster (PL); ergy Promotion in the Baltic Sea Region, (2012-2014) aimed to capitalize the strate- Chamber of Agriculture Lower Saxony elaborated during the project, included the gic outputs of the preceding Bioenergy (DE); Fachagentur Nachwachsende following recommendations for action: Promotion project into the BSR and na- Rohstoffe e.V. (DE); Forestry Development tional political arenas, to promote the sus- Centre Tapio (FI); Latvian Environmental • Promotion of the Green Growth Agenda, tainable use of bioenergy at various levels Investment Fund (LV); Lithuanian Energy either as an integral part of broader sus- through public procurement, corporate Institute (LT); Motiva Oy (FI); Nordic En- tainable business development activities, strategies of utility companies, proposing ergy Research (NO); Region Zealand (DK); or forming specialized bioenergy business incentives within the reviewed Common Roskilde University (DK); Spektrum (PL) development platforms, clusters and other Agriculture Policy, Rural Development and Swedish Energy Agency (SE). initiatives Policy and Regional, Structural and Cohe- sion Funds. Furthermore, the project also • Development of innovative and efficient provided direct support to so-called demo frameworks and instruments in order to regions or municipalities that are imple- unleash the potential of bioenergy like re- menting Strategic Management Plans gional and local (bio) energy strategies and developed during the first phase of the action plans, which can be provided by project. During its last two years the pro- public authorities in a co-creative process ject has organized several cross-sectorial involving key stakeholders; strengthening and transnational workshops to discuss entrepreneurship and market develop- and implement sustainable bioenergy ment; Here the principle of multilevel strategies and facilitate information and governance can be unfolded and pave the knowledge exchange. way for actions that create vertical cooperation as well as horizontal dynamics

• Development of Renewable Energy Sys- tem via careful analyses on possible future energy system designs, taking into consid- eration the whole energy chain: resources, conversion, end-use, to ensure the most energy and cost efficient solutions. By reducing the energy need in the end-use, and creating more efficient conversion

30 processes, the need for biomass, which is a limited resource, will be reduced

• Establishment of Baltic Sustainable Bioenergy Certification System addressing the full value chain of energy conversion by using lifecycle approach, to integrate already existing control mechanisms and certification systems in the Baltic Sea Region, and make sure that the best available EU knowledge is taken into account

• Bioenergy capacity building in the way that all projects and activities enhancing the development of bioenergy production and consumption should be accompanied by competence development. In order to create a holistic understanding of the processes, systems thinking, ecosystems services, sustainable development criteria, life cycle analysis, logistics and entrepreneurship should become integrated parts of these activities.

31 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT

EDUCATION

32 LET’S DO IT - SOUTH BALTIC INITIATIVES TO STOP CLIMATE CHANGE

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

Let’s Do It (2016-2018) financed by Fjord School Nykobing Falster (DK); Among the expected results of the project the INTERREG South Baltic program, Falkenberg School, Kalmar Municipality are: focuses on providing a test-ground for the (SE); Gargzdai Minija pro-gymnasium (LT); participating schools and teaching staff Klaipeda Sendvario pre-gymnasium (LT); • Starting an intercultural dialogue to realize international school exchanges City of Schwaan (DE); Reda City Municipal- between school students, teachers and on climate change to try out methods ity (PL); Educational Association of Social municipal actors from the local level on in a hands-on training approach for the Primary School & Social Gymnasium No. 1 sustainable lifestyles and consumer be- teachers who will together with their col- of Gdansk (PL). haviour in their neighbourhoods, different leagues from other schools plan, carry out national traditions of energy production and evaluate workshops on the climate and concepts for a sustainable future protection issue. • Contributing to green growth by awareness-raising among school students and their parents for climate change issues; exchanging and facilitating environmental education programmes in the international playing field to increase the attention for the cross-border relevance of climate protection and to foster “green initiatives”

• Developing good models for school projects on sustainable energy issues and environmental education.

33 34 FOCUS ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

35 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

CROSS-SECTOR

36 SUSTAINABLE AND ETHICAL ADAPTATION TO RISING MEAN SEA LEVELS (SEA-RIMS)

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The project SEA-RIMS (Sustainable and The research will be performed by a SEA-RIMS will produce knowledge and Ethical Adaptation to Rising Mean Sea multidisciplinary team of researchers from tools that can assist local and regional ac- levels), has received grant from FORMAS the Division of Philosophy at KTH and tors in Sweden in making sustainable and to carry out research during the 2016-2021 the Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SE) ethically legitimate adaptation decisions in on the ethical, and social dimensions of in collaboration with the municipalities of response to sea level rise. The objectives planning in response to sea level rise. Båstad, Halmstad, Laholm, Mörbylånga, of the research project are to: Trelleborg, Ystad, the County Administra- tive Boards of Skåne and Halland, the • Provide an inventory and in-depth Foundation Halland County Museums(all analysis of the ethical problems, including SE), the Council of the Baltic Sea States goal conflicts and value trade-offs, that and White Arkitekter AB (SE). arise in adapting to rising mean sea levels, with particular focus on southern Sweden.

• Develop two complementary GIS-visual- isations for coastal vulnerability indices in collaboration with our municipal partners, and provide structured guidance as to how this new information can be used in adaptation to sea level rise.

• Explore different strategies to manage long-term sea level rise at municipal and regional levels in Sweden and generate scenarios of sustainable and ethical sea level rise adaptation.

37 CROSS-SECTORIAL COOPERATION IN CAPACITY BUILDING (CRCC)

WEBSITE: http://www.bsr-secure.eu

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The project “Making communities Union of Baltic Cities (FI), Frederiksborg The project will involve partners relevant resilient to climate change: cross-sectorial Fire and Rescue Service (DK), Estonian for implementing the Sendai Framework cooperation in capacity building – CRCC” Rescuet Board (EE), Main School of Fire for Disaster Risk Reduction in joint supported by the Swedish Institute Baltic Services in Warsaw (PL), The Swedish Civil activities aimed at identifying gaps in Sea Cooperation Seed fund and led by Contingencies Agency (SE), Hamburg Fire existing frameworks of adaptation to EUSBSR PA Secure and HA Climate, Service Academy (DE), Council of the Baltic climate change, in particular in prevention, hosted by the CBSS Secretariat in Sea States. preparedness and response phases of the collaboration with MSB started in June policy cycle, and proposing more efficient 2016 to last 1 year with the twofold aim: ways to overcome shortages of capacities in these areas. Ensuring cooperation —> to expand the existing network of civil of experts representing civil protection protection stakeholders in the Baltic Sea agencies, local and regional governments Region (BSR) by widening the geographical and academia, will provide the project with coverage of the partnership and by an opportunity to develop a comprehensive building up new partnership between concept of the mechanism enabling local stakeholders of civil protection sector with and regional communities to strengthen the regional development stakeholders capacities to respond effectively to major (e.g. municipalities, associations of the threats permanently rising with the climate local governments, regional development change. agencies, etc.) in order to join efforts for reducing the vulnerability of the societies towards the emerging climate change, and —> to prepare jointly an application for funding of the larger cooperation project aiming at increasing the resilience of the communities to the negative impacts of the climate change by enhancing the capacity of local governments and other stakeholders on climate risks assessment as well by mainstreaming climate change into local spatial planning processes and into procedures of contingency planning for specific natural disasters.

38 RISK MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY BASED ON GAPS IDENTIFICATION IN THE BSR (FROM GAPS TO CAPS)

WEBSITE: http://www.gapstocaps.eu http://www.14point3.eu

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The project From Gaps to Caps, Fire and Rescue Department under the With a view to the guidelines for assessments co-financed by the EU Civil Protection Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of risk management capability in accordance Financial Instrument (2015-2016), was of Lithuania (LT); Council of the Baltic with the EU Decision on a Union Civil Protec- aimed at building knowledge on disaster Sea States; Swedish Civil Contingencies tion Mechanism (1313/2013/EU), the project risk management capability assessments Agency (SE); Frederikssund-Halsnæs surveyed and collected data on existing ways and to develop a more common under- Brand & Redningsberedskab (DK); of assessing capability in the civil protection standing of disaster risk assessments University of Iceland (IS); Hamburg Fire systems of the region. Along with relevant as- at national level in the BSR. The project & Rescue Service (DE); Estonian Rescue pects of the EUSBSR 14.3 project as well as na- contributed to the implementation of a Board (EE); Ministry of the Interior of Fin- tional risk assessments, these findings served macro-regional civil protection strategy land (FI); State Fire and Rescue Service of as a basis for developing a methodology for and joint macro-regional prevention and Latvia (LV); Norwegian Directorate for Civil future assessments of capability among the preparedness approach towards major Protection and Emergency Planning (NO); Baltic Sea States with a special focus on cross- hazards and emergencies. The project Main School of Fire Service in Warsaw (PL). border dimensions. This can include events oc- addressed the gaps identified during the curring in one Baltic Sea State of direct impact project European Union Strategy for the on the territory of another/others, events in Baltic Sea Region Flagship Project 14.3 border areas, events simultaneously affecting on Macroregional Risk Scenarios and several countries in the region and events in a Gaps Identification – implemented during Baltic Sea State affecting residents of another, 2012–2013. temporarily abroad, as well as events occurring in one country that can be dealt with – only or more effectively – with the assistance of other countries. The results presented in this project will provide a solid base for future work aimed at harmonizing risk- and capability assessment work within the Baltic Sea Region. A major achievement is the acceptance and promotion of a new proposed methodology for risk and capability assessments in the BSR, which is fully in line with the objective of “strengthening capacity to respond and to recover from major emergencies and accidents: better risk assessment and crisis management“ in Policy Area Secure in the EUSBSR.

39 BALTADAPT

WEBSITE: www.baltadapt.eu

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

BALTADAPT project (2010-2013) was Danish Meteorological Institute (DK), Aarhus The Baltadapt Strategy and Baltadapt supported by the Interreg BSP and was a University Department of Bioscience (DK), Action Plan are based on Baltadapt reports Flagship under the EUSBSR. The project’s Federal Ministry for the Environment, (http://reports.baltadapt.eu), covering main goal was to prepare a Climate Change Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety gap-fit analyses, impact and vulnerability Adaptation Strategy for the whole Baltic (DE); German Federal Environment assessments, as well as on the consultation Sea Region and - during the preparation Agency (DE), Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea process with relevant policy-makers and of the strategy - to arrange participatory Research Warnemünde (DE), University of stakeholders during three policy fora, dialogues between the stakeholders Latvia (LV), Baltic Environmental Forum stakeholder workshops on tourism and of the region. The Strategy and Action Lithuania (LT), Finnish Environment agriculture and through consultations with Plan were presented in June 2013 at the Institute (FI), Swedish Meteorological and DG CLIMA and DG REGIO. Adaptation Policy Forum in Riga. The Hydrological Institute (SE), University of specific objective of the Baltadapt Action Tartu (EE), Estonian Marine Institute (EE) Plan was to strengthen the capacity for and the CBSS Secretariat. adaptation action at all relevant levels and to enhance the ‘adaptive capacity’ of the region. Adaptive capacity comprises a sound knowledge base, an exchange of information between relevant actors in science and policy, the mainstreaming of Climate Change adaptation in other policy areas and includes cooperation activities between all actors in the BSR.

40 41 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

URBAN DEVELOPMENT

42 INTEGRATED STORMWATER MANAGEMENT (IWATER)

WEBSITE: http://www.integratedstormwater.eu

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

iWater - Integrated Storm Water Union of the Baltic Cities Sustainable Cities The project partner cities will adopt new Management project supported by Commission (FI); City of Riga (LV), City programs and approximately 35 other the INTERREG Central Baltic program Development Department (LV); Jelgava cities will be trained to use the developed aims to improve the urban planning City Council, Development and City methods in the region. iWater summer in the cities of the Baltic Sea Region Planning Department (LV); Municipality schools will be organized with the aim via developing integrated storm water of Söderhamn, Municipal Committee to produce innovative storm water management system. During the years Department (SE); Municipality of Gävle, management solutions for the iWater pilot 2015–2018, common guidelines and tools Management administration (SE); Tartu sites. Pilots will be developed in Gävle, of integrated storm water management will City Government, Department of Urban Helsinki, Jelgava, Riga, Söderhamn, Tartu be developed in the partnering cities with Planning, Land Survey and Use (EE); City and Turku. The 5-day intensive studio the involvement of local stakeholder and of Helsinki, City of Helsinki Environment courses took place during the 2016 in interest groups. Centre (FI); City of Turku, Environmental Latvia, Sweden and Estonia. The “Green Division (FI); Aalto University, Department area Factor (GAF)” is one of the main tools of Architecture (FI). presented in the iWater project. The GAF method improves the city’s prerequisites for adapting to climate change by promoting the green efficiency of the vegetation on the plots and the conservation of sufficient green structure. Vegetation mitigates the risk of flooding, reserves carbon dioxide, cools down the heat islands of built environments and increases the pleasantness and beneficial health-effects of the urban spaces. In the GAF method, the planner sets a green factor target level for the plot that can be achieved flexibly by the garden designer using various green elements when designing the garden.

43 RESILIENT AND ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR LIVING SUSTAINABLY (REALS)

WEBSITE: http://realsproject.org

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

REALS project (September 2013 – August Swedish Permaculture Association (SE), Project findings included the following: 2016) aimed to create networks and CEMUS at Uppsala University (SE), intercultural learning between Sweden, Greenelizer Green Tech Consultancy (SE), • Policies and regulations in the BSR can Russia and Belarus, with a focus on Russian Eco-Village Network REEN (RU), be more context-responsive and enabled socio-ecological resilience and sustainable St. Petersburg State University (RU), by: being responsive and sensitive towards lifestyle. Funded by Swedish Institute, the EcoHome and Ecoproject (RU), and Bela- emergence, changing needs and opportuni- project REALS was a part of the newly rusian Green Movement (BY). ties of diverse local initiatives created European Network for Commu- nity-led Initiatives on Climate Change • Finding forms of regulations and offer- and Sustainability - ECOLISE. REALS also ing funding schemes which encourage contributed to the implementation of the experimentation and development of small EU Strategy of the Baltic Sea Region by scale and appropriate solutions for sustain- increasing learning, awareness and access ability within social, economic and ecological to information in relation to sustainable spheres lifestyles, waste reduction and sustainable resource management in Western Russia, • Enabling financial, educational and consul- Belarus and in the Baltic Sea Region. tative support for and with local initiatives for sustainability such as ecovillages, permaculture initiatives, urban gardens and more

• Encouraging the use of truly participatory process facilitation, decision making and leadership

• The project also concluded that a regional strategy supporting climate friendly and climate-resilient agriculture needs to be developed and implemented within the BSR based on “4/1000 Initiative” and Regional strategies and regional initiatives for climate- resilient rural and urban areas (e.g. under Covenant of Mayors and others) should be promoted, supported and further developed.

44 CLIMATE CHANGE: IMPACTS, COSTS AND ADAPTATION IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION (BALTCICA)

WEBSITE: http://www.baltcica.org

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

Adaptation to climate change cannot Geological Survey of Finland, Aalto The BaltCICA project used climate be solved solely locally and in isolated University School of Engineering /Centre change scenarios to discuss and develop attempts, but calls for cooperation and for Urban and Regional Studies (FI); adaptation measures with relevant integrated approaches in the Baltic Sea Hanko Water and Wastewater Works (FI); planning authorities and stakeholders. Region. The BaltCICA project (February Union of the Baltic Cities – Commission The project assessed costs and benefits of 2009 to January 2012) with local and on Environment (FI); Helsinki Region adaptation in case studies and on a pan- regional partners, helped to prepare regions Environmental Services Authority (FI); Baltic level. The 13 BaltCICA case studies and municipalities to cope with a changing City of Helsinki (FI); City of Tampere (FI); focused on specific thematic areas, such climate. Geological Survey of Estonia (EE); University as metropolitan planning and adaptation of Latvia (LV); North Vidzeme Biosphere strategies (Hamburg, Tampere, Helsinki Reserve (LV); Municipality of Klaipeda (LT); and its Metropolitan Region), groundwater Environmental Centre for Administration and climate change (Hanko, and and Technology from Lithuania (LT); Vilnius Falster), the Environment (North Vizdeme, University (LT); Lithuanian Geological ) as well as scenario development Survey under the Ministry of Environment and citizen participation (Kalundborg, Riga, (LT); Kalundborg Municipality (DK); Danish , Tampere, Hamburg). The BaltCICA Board of Technology(DK); Geological project has: identified adaptation measures Survey of Denmark and Greenland (DK); and implemented them in the Baltic Sea Nordic Centre for Spatial Development- Region; produced new knowledge relating NORDREGIO (SE); Norwegian Institute to climate change impacts, costs and for Urban and Regional Research (NO); benefits and governance of adaptation; Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research reduced uncertainty in decision-making in Warnemünde (DE); HafenCity University/ relation to adaptation by strengthening the Institute for Urban-, Regional- and science-practice link; increased participation Environmental Planning (DE); EUCC – The of stakeholders and citizens in adaptation Coastal Union Germany (DE); Potsdam related decision-making. Institute for Climate Impact Research (DE).

45 EXAMPLES OF TRANSNATIONAL PROJECTS. FOCUS ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

AGRICULTURE

46 ECOVILLAGES

WEBSITE: www.balticecovillages.eu

SCOPE PARTNERS MILESTONES

The EcoVillages Project (2010 – 2013) Lithuanian Institute of Agrarian Econom- The EcoVillages project successfully aimed at fostering the ecovillages devel- ics (LT), MTT Agrifood Research Finland concluded with three manuals based on opment as a more sustainable way of liv- (FI), Latvian State Institute of Agrarian case studies, covering guidelines for eco- ing in rural areas of the Baltic Sea Region. Economics (LV), The West Pomeranian settling practices, environmentally-friendly The Ecovillage principles aim to combine Business School (PL), Suderbyn Coopera- technologies and community living, and a social–cultural environment with a low– tive Society (SE), GEN Europe, ZEGG (DE), social development in ecovillages. The impact way of living. Choosing to live in an GEN Finland (FI), Centre for Independent project further published recommenda- ecovillage is choosing an alternative way Social Research (RU), St. Petersburg Forest tions for decision-makers concerning to the widespread individualistic, material- Technical Academy (RU), Permaculture ecovillages proper development including istic and consumer-oriented lifestyle. in Sweden (SE), Swedish University of promotion of decentralized power pro- Agricultural Sciences (SE), Ekobyarnas duction, retrofitting houses with renew- Riksorganisation (SE), EROGEN (SE), Eco- able materials, promotion of building home (BY) and the Council of the Baltic low-impact villages in rural areas using Sea States, Baltic 2030 unit. low-the solutions and natural materials, enabling the transfer of unmanaged land for common use (in the cities) for food production and for recreation, encourage new forms of business and organizations that have a focus on eco-entrepreneurship and enterprises managed by community as well promote eco-education as part of promoting rural life.

47 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Krista Kampus | [email protected] Senior Adviser and Head of the Sustainable Development Unit – Baltic 2030 Council of the Baltic Sea States Secretariat

Valdur Lahtvee | [email protected] Policy Officer EUSBSR Horizontal Action CLIMATE Baltic2030 Unit, Council of the Baltic Sea States Secretariat

Baltic 2030 Unit, Council of the Baltic Sea States Secretariat | [email protected] Compiled by Valdur Lahtvee, Policy Officer EUSBSR Horizontal Action CLIMATE, Baltic2030 Unit, Council of the Baltic Sea States Secretariat

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