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Historical Study Guide
Historical Study Guide Light A Candle Films presents “THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL” Historical Study Guide written by Tony Malanowski To be used with the DVD production of THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL The Battle of Bunker Hill Historical Study Guide First, screen the 60-minute DocuDrama of THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL, and the 30 minute Historical Perspective. Then, have your Discussion Leader read through the following historical points and share your ideas about the people, the timeframe and the British and Colonial strategies! “Stand firm in your Faith, men of New England” “The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army. Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us only the choice of brave resistance, or the most abject submission. We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or die.” - George Washington, August 27, 1776 When General Thomas Gage, the British military governor of Boston, sent one thousand troops to arrest Samuel Adams and John Hancock at Lexington in April of 1775, he could not know the serious implications of his actions. Nor could he know how he had helped to set in motion a major rebellion that would shake the very foundations of the mightiest Empire on earth. General Gage was a military man who had been in North America since the 1750s, and had more experience than any other senior British officer. He had fought in the French and Indian War alongside a young George Washington, with whom he still had a friendly relationship. Gage had married an American woman from a prominent New Jersey family, and 10 of their 11 children had been born in the Colonies. -
Sudbury, Framingham, Marlborough, Southborough, Ashland, Sherborn
Disclaimer and Cautions: The Bay Circuit Alliance, as the advocate and promoter of the Bay Circuit Trail, expressly disclaims responsibility for injuries or damages that may arise from using the trail. We cannot guarantee the accuracy of maps or completeness of warnings about hazards that may exist. Portions of the trail are along roads or train tracks and involve crossing them. Users should pay attention to traffic and walk on the shoulder of roads facing traffic, not on the pavement, cross only at designated locations and use extreme care. Children and pets need to be closely monitored and under control. about 100 yds west of jct with Horse Pond Rd. Follow the Salamander Trail markers (here the BCT overlaps with the Salamander Trail). The Salamander trail makes a sharp turn to left and returns to parking lot. Map 8 - Sudbury, Framingham, Marlborough, 0.5 Continue straight, entering the Nobscot Boy Scout Reservation (no horses, dogs must be on leash), and Southborough, Ashland, Sherborn - BAY turn right in about 20 yds. Bear right and follow tr CIRCUIT TRAIL route along base of ledge, climbing NW to ascend ridge. (as shown on map 8 dated February 2020) Turn left at T jct at ridge line. (text updated February 2020) Follow ridge to ledge, bear right at fork just north of ledge for more gradual ascent, and ascend to The BCT often follows pre-existing local trails; BCT- Tippling Rock (426-ft elevation) with good views specific blazing is a work in progress and may be sparse to east from north of Boston to the Blue Hills and in segments. -
Sugar, Steam and Steel: the Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-1850
Welcome to the electronic edition of Sugar, Steam and Steel: The Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-1885. The book opens with the bookmark panel and you will see the contents page. Click on this anytime to return to the contents. You can also add your own bookmarks. Each chapter heading in the contents table is clickable and will take you direct to the chapter. Return using the contents link in the bookmarks. The whole document is fully searchable. Enjoy. G Roger Knight Born in deeply rural Shropshire (UK), G Roger Knight has been living and teaching in Adelaide since the late 1960s. He gained his PhD from London University's School of Oriental and African Studies, where his mentors included John Bastin and CD Cowan. He is an internationally recognised authority on the sugar industry of colonial Indonesia, with many publications to his name. Among the latest is Commodities and Colonialism: The Story of Big Sugar in Indonesia, 1880-1940, published by Brill in Leiden and Boston in 2013. He is currently working on a 'business biography' — based on scores of his newly discovered letters back home — of Gillian Maclaine, a young Scot who was active as a planter and merchant in colonial Java during the 1820s and 1830s. For a change, it has almost nothing to do with sugar. The high-quality paperback edition of this book is available for purchase online: https://shop.adelaide.edu.au/ Sugar, Steam and Steel: The Industrial Project in Colonial Java, 1830-18 by G Roger Knight School of History and Politics The University of Adelaide Published in Adelaide by University of Adelaide Press The University of Adelaide Level 14, 115 Grenfell Street South Australia 5005 [email protected] www.adelaide.edu.au/press The University of Adelaide Press publishes externally refereed scholarly books by staff of the University of Adelaide. -
Map 6 -Billerica, Bedford, Acton, Carlisle, Concord
Disclaimer and Cautions: The Bay Circuit Alliance, as the advocate and promoter of the Bay Circuit Trail, expressly disclaims responsibility for injuries or damages that may arise from using the trail. We cannot guarantee the accuracy of maps or completeness of warnings about hazards that may exist. Portions of the trail are along roads or train tracks and involve crossing them. Users should pay attention to traffic and walk on the shoulder of roads facing traffic, not on the pavement, cross only at designated locations and use extreme care. Children and pets need to be closely monitored and under control. 0.7 Kiosk for start of MCC fitness trail. To right Extension (also known as the Reformatory of kiosk, head south on trail into woods. Branch), where Bay Circuit 0.8 Cross MCC south entrance road, right for 150 marking picks up again. ft along grassed shoulder, and left into the 3.0 The dedicated BCT route turns right onto woods. Springs Rd sidewalk to jct of Springs Rd and Map 6 -Billerica, Bedford, Acton, Carlisle, 1.0 Cross Springs Rd into Governor Winthrop Hillside Ave. Use cross walk to continue Concord - BAY CIRCUIT TRAIL route Conservation Area and follow paths north of south on Springs Rd using sidewalk. This wetlands and woodlands. (as shown on map 6 dated July 2017) stretch of the BCT passes period homes and 1.4 Left onto Narrow Gauge Rail Trail to (text updated July 2017) the Old Burying Ground of the Bedford Sweetwater Ave. Historic District. 3.4 Reach Bedford Center at jct of Springs Rd The BCT often follows pre-existing local trails; L N42 30.889 W71 16.554 BCT-specific blazing is a work in progress and and Great Rd (Rtes 4/225). -
2018 Open Space & Recreation Plan
Town of Sherborn Open Space and Recreation Plan 2018 [Copyright © Town of Sherborn, Massachusetts 2018] Town of Sherborn 19 Washington St. Sherborn MA 01770 https://www.sherbornma.org/ Final editing and layout: Brian Hotchkiss, Wordesign Services www.wordesignservices.com Cover photo: Farm Pond. Source: S. Antell Contents List of maps — List of tables v 1 — Plan Summary 1 Vision and major recommendations 2 — Introduction 5 Statement of purpose Planning process and public participation 3 — Community Setting A. Regional Context 12 Location and regional links — Regional development trends —Regional planning resources — Regional conservation organizations — Regional recreational resources B. History 16 History of Sherborn agriculture — History of Sherborn open space and recreation Organizations and activities C. Current Population Characteristics 18 D. Growth and Development Patterns 19 Patterns and trends — Infrastructure — Long-term development patterns: Control through zoning regulation — Current zoning regulations: Implications for open space preservation 4 — Environmental Inventory and Analysis A. Geology, Soils, and Topography 30 Bedrock geology — Surficial geology — Soils: Major categories — Septic system placement — Soils: Agricultural — Topography B. Landscape Character 36 C. Water Resources Watersheds — Surface water — Aquifer recharge areas — Aquifers — Protection of water resources — Flood hazard areas and storm-water management — Wetlands D. Vegetation 47 Vegetation of Sherborn’s landscape — Plant species — Public shade trees -
Down but Not Out: How American Slavery Survived the Constitutional Era
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History 12-16-2015 Down But Not Out: How American Slavery Survived the Constitutional Era Jason Butler Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Recommended Citation Butler, Jason, "Down But Not Out: How American Slavery Survived the Constitutional Era." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2015. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/99 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DOWN BUT NOT OUT: HOW AMERICAN SLAVERY SURVIVED THE CONSTITUTIONAL ERA by JASON E. BUTLER Under the Direction of H. Robert Baker, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Whether through legal assault, private manumissions or slave revolt, the institution of slavery weathered sustained and substantial blows throughout the era spanning the American Revolution and Constitutional Era. The tumult of the rebellion against the British, the inspiration of Enlightenment ideals and the evolution of the American economy combined to weaken slavery as the delegates converged on Philadelphia for the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Even in the South, it was not hard to find prominent individuals working, speaking or writing against slavery. During the Convention, however, Northern delegates capitulated to staunch Southern advocates of slavery not because of philosophical misgivings but because of economic considerations. Delegates from North and South looked with anticipation toward the nation’s expansion into the Southwest, confident it would occasion a slavery-based economic boom. -
The Battle of Lexington and Concord
RS#16 Evidence I: Bloody Butchery A BLOODY BUTCHERY, BY THE BRITISH TROOPS OR, THE RUNAWAY FIGHT OF THE REGULARS. Being the PARTICULARS of the VICTORIOUS BATTLE fought at and near CONCORD, situated Twenty Miles from BOSTON, in the Province of the Massachusetts-Bay, in New- England, between Two Thousand Regular Troops, belonging to his Britannic Majesty, and a few Hundred Provincial Troops, belonging to the Province of Massachusetts-Bay, which lasted from Sun-rise to Sun-set on the Nineteenth of April, One Thousand Seven Hundred and Seventy-five, when it was decided greatly in favor of the latter. Part of which has never before been printed. These Particulars are now published in this Form, at the Request of the Friends to the Deceased WORTHIES, who died gloriously fighting in the CAUSE OF LIBERTY and their COUNTRY; and it is their Desire that every Householder in America, who are sincere Well-withers to the American Colonies, may be possessed of the same, either to frame and glass, or otherwise to preserve in their Houses, out only as a Token of Gratitude to the Memory of the Deceased Forty Persons, but as a perpetual Memorial of that important Event, on which perhaps, may depend the future FREEDOM and GREATNESS of the COMMON-WEALTH of AMERICA. To which is annexed, A FUNERAL ELEGY on those who were slain in the Battle. (The Second Edition corrected with some Additions.) CREATED/PUBLISHED Boston, 1775. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/rbpebib:@field(NUMBER+@band(rbpe+0380090a)): Educational materials developed through the Baltimore County History Labs Program, a partnership between Baltimore County Public Schools and the UMBC Center for History Education. -
Framingham Open Space and Recreation Plan DRAFT November
Framingham Open Space and Recreation Plan DRAFT November 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Plan Summary ....................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Introduction ............................................................ 6 Chapter 3: Community Setting ................................................ 9 Chapter 4: Environmental Inventory and Analysis ................ 15 Chapter 5: Inventory of Lands ............................................... 48 Chapter 6: Community Vision ............................................... 77 Chapter 7: Analysis of Need ................................................. 78 Chapter 8: Goals and Objectives .......................................... 85 Chapter 9: The Seven Year Action Plan ............................... 87 LIST OF MAPS ................................................................... 105 APPENDICES (PENDING) ................................................. 106 Chapter 1: Plan Summary A. Purpose The overall purpose of the 2020 Open Space and Recreation Plan (OSRP) is to serve as a guide for protecting, managing, improving, and expanding Framingham’s open space and recreation resources in the face of continuing development pressures. More specifically, the purposes of this OSRP are: • To identify unique open space and recreation assets and places that have ecological, recreational, civic, historic and/or scenic value; • To prioritize the open space and recreation needs for all citizens of Framingham; • To identify specific goals, objectives, and recommended priority -
Charles River Link Trail Guide
CHARLES RIVER LINK TRAIL GUIDE www.charlesriverlink.org A sixteen-mile, six-town regional trail from Newton to the Bay Circuit Trail in Medfield Natural Resources Commission Wellesley Trails Committee www.wellesleytrails.org Wellesley, MA August, 2019 General Information The Charles River Link is a regional trail connecting two major trails in Boston MetroWest - The Bay Circuit Trail in Medfield and the future extension of the Charles River Reservation Path in Newton to Wellesley. It provides a trail along one of the most scenic parts of the Charles River, a linkage between open space and conservation reservations along the river, and eventually a connection between the Bay Circuit Trail and downtown Boston. Website at charlesrivelink.org. Length: 16.5 miles Connected Towns: 6 Off Road: 11.4 miles (69%) Touches the Charles: 5 times Highest Elevation: 410 feet (Pegan Hill) Lowest Elevation: 50 feet (Cordingly Dam) Google Maps: Get link from website Trail markers are 4" circular disks mounted on trees, trail posts, telephone poles, and street sign posts. An evergreen tree serves as an arrow to indicate direction of travel. Turns are marked before or at a trail intersection and with a confirmation marker after the turn. The trail route is through suburban towns, and users are asked to stay on the trail. If you wander off trail, you may enter private property and jeopardize future trail usage. Portions of the trail, as indicated in the trail description, have restrictions where dogs and/or bikes are not permitted. Please abide by these restrictions. Practice good trail usage and etiquette. -
Sudbury Reconnaissance Report
SUDBURY RECONNAISSANCE REPORT FREEDOM’S WAY LANDSCAPE INVENTORY MASSACHUSETTS HERITAGE LANDSCAPE INVENTORY PROGRAM Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation Freedom’s Way Heritage Association PROJECT TEAM Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation Jessica Rowcroft, Preservation Planner Division of Planning and Engineering Freedom’s Way Heritage Association Mary Whitney, President Marge Darby, Chair, Advisory Committee Project Consultants Shary Page Berg Gretchen G. Schuler Local Project Coordinator Jody Kablack, Town Planner Local Heritage Landscape Participants Barbara Bahlkow Pat Brown Milly Chandler, FWHA Christa Collins Susan Crane Debbie Dineen Becky Fairbank Maurice Fitzgerald Winifred Fitzgerald Linda Hawes Honora Haynes Jody Kablack Carole LaMonde Carol Lynn Deirdre Menoyo Adam Miller Christopher Morley Henry Noer Dennis Prefontaine Liz Radoski Julie Ryan Benjamin Stahl Shirley Stahl Lee Swanson Mary Whitney, FWHA Carole Wolfe June 2006 Cover Photographs Sudbury River from Sherman’s Bridge, Mill on Carding Mill Pond Old Town Cemetery at Sudbury Center CONTENTS Introduction . 1 Sudbury History . 2 Priority Heritage Landscapes . 3 Hop Brook Corridor Hunt-Bent Farm Indian Grinding Stone Nobscot Reservation Sudbury River Corridor Town Center Water Row Corridor Wayside Inn Complex Critical Concerns. 13 Agriculture Impact of Land Use Decisions Scenic Roads Stone Walls Existing Resource Documentation and Planning Tools . 15 Inventory of Historic and Archaeological Assets State and National Registers of Historic -
Bay Circuit Trail
Map 8 Sudbury, Framingham, Marlborough, Southborough, About 50 yds after stream crossing turn left at T jct (trail right, Ashland, Sherborn - about 400 yds round trip, goes to “Ford’s Folly,” a massive BAY CIRCUIT TRAIL route stone dam that never held water) Sudbury proposed BCT: A proposal for connecting Wayland to Continue up hill and enter Framingham Wittenborg Woods Sudbury uses an abandoned RR that parallels Rte 20 and is Turn left at T jct about 20 yds beyond stone wall and follow stone part of the proposed Wayside Bike & Pedestrian Trail. It will walls around perimeter of Wittenborg Woods up the hill. access the right of way opposite the entrance to the Polaroid (Trail to left along stone wall goes back to Nobscot Hill with Plant on Rte 20 about 200 yards from its jct with Route 27 some bush whacking) near the Wayland Town Hall complex. Proposed tr follows Bear right at fork just after first trail to right (houses on left) abandoned RR tracks to Horse Pond Rd in Sudbury, turns left Cross stone wall into SVT easement across private property and for 0.5 mile to Rte 20. It turns right on Rte 20 (after crossing another stone wall to enter SVT’s Gross Tract to the south side) for about 50 yds before reaching the Go down hill to tr jct. driveway for Sudbury Conservation Commission’s Weisblatt Turn right, go down hill, and along stone wall. Turn left just property. before stone wall, cross Wayside Inn Rd, and enter SVT’s From Wayland, trail users may continue on temporary trail Henry’s Hill (P = 3) marked with white blazes. -
JOINT and COMBINED OPERATIONS on the HUDSON RIVER, 1777 and 1781
NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Newport, R.I. “MAKING THE BEST USE OF YOUR JOINT FORCES”: JOINT AND COMBINED OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON RIVER, 1777 and 1781 by James M. Johnson Colonel, U.S. Army JOINT AND COMBINED OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON RIVER, 1777 and 1781 James M. Johnson, Colonel, U.S. Army, 1995 Abstract of “MAKING THE BEST USE OF YOUR JOINT FORCES”: JOINT AND COMBINED OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON RIVER, 1777 AND 1781 British, French, and American commanders in the American Revolution understood the concepts of allied, joint, and amphibious operations. These operations fit within a defensive strategy that General George Washington and Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton practiced for most of the war: a war of posts with New York City and the “line of the Hudson” as the “seat of the war.” Through their experiences in the wars of the mid- eighteeth century the British developed sophisticated doctrine and practices for joint, amphibious operations. Because of this joint doctrine, Clinton and Commodore William Hotham were able to conduct a series of classic, amphibious landings to capture the fortifications of the Hudson Highlands in October 1777 and even burn the New York capital at Kingston. After a disastrous joint campaign in 1777, with French support and guidance, Washington and Lieutenant General Rochambeau threatened New York City with a joint expedition in the summer of 1781. While the Allied, joint forces failed to capture New York City, they later trapped the army of Lieutenant General Charles, Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown in the last significant campaign of the war. ii JOINT AND COMBINED OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON RIVER, 1777 and 1781 James M.