Interventions in Dying
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Necessary Right of Choice for Physician-Assisted Suicide
Student Publications Student Scholarship Fall 2017 The ecesN sary Right of Choice for Physician- Assisted Suicide Kerry E. Ullman Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship Part of the Applied Ethics Commons, and the Ethics in Religion Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Ullman, Kerry E., "The eN cessary Right of Choice for Physician-Assisted Suicide" (2017). Student Publications. 574. https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/574 This open access student research paper is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The ecesN sary Right of Choice for Physician-Assisted Suicide Abstract Research-based paper on the importance of the right for terminally ill patients facing a painful death to be able to choose how they end their life Keywords Assisted-Suicide, Maynard, Kevorkian, Terminally-ill Disciplines Applied Ethics | Ethics in Religion Comments Written for FYS 150: Death and the Meaning of Life. Creative Commons License Creative ThiCommons works is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This student research paper is available at The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ student_scholarship/574 Ullman 1 Kerry Ullman Professor Myers, Ph.D. Death and the Meaning of Life - FYS 30 November 2017 Assisted Suicide The Necessary Right of Choice for Physician-Assisted Suicide Imagine being told you have less than six months left to live. On top of that horrific news, you experience excruciating pain every single day that is far more atrocious than anything you could have possibly imagined. -
Informed Consent and Shared Decision Making in EBM
3 Informed Consent and shared decision making in EBM 3.1 ‘Informed consent’ in regular medical practice ‘Consent’ as it is understood in the medical context has to be asked from the pa- tient and is the explicit agreement to waive a right to certain rules and norms which are normally expected in the treatment of other people and of ourselves as patients. Every surgical procedure would, without consent from the patient, be legally un- derstood as assault and battery and the physician could be prosecuted for perform- ing it. ‘Informed consent’ therefore in its most simple form means that the patient has received a good explanation about a medical procedure, understands what is happening to him or her and then can make an informed choice to accept or refuse, in the latter case the so called ‘informed refusal.167 In order to give ‘informed con- sent the patient has to be capable of understanding the information given by the physician. He or she must be competent to decide and to give consent voluntarily without being coerced by any means into giving consent.168 ‘Autonomy’ of the patient, hereby equated with ‘person’ plays the overarching role in ‘informed con- sent.’ A competent person who exercises autonomy will have the final say about their own life. ‘Autonomy’ itself is a contested term in the philosophy of science and interpretations therefore vary. According to Dworkin, “Liberty (positive or negative) ... dignity, integrity, individuality, independence, responsibility and self knowledge ... self assertion ... critical reflection ... freedom from obligation ... ab- sence of external causation ... and knowledge of one’s own interests.”169 all fall under the definition of autonomy. -
Download Download
KLIM, AN INSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO DIE, VOICES IN BIOETHICS, VOL. 2 (2016) An Institutional Right to Die: Neither Coercive nor Immoral Casimir Klim Keywords: right to die, health law, end of life INTRODUCTION The question of whether or not the terminally ill should be granted an institutional right to die rose to the forefront of the national consciousness recently, due in large part to the efforts of the late Brittany Maynard. Diagnosed with untreatable brain cancer, Maynard decided to end her life last fall in Oregon, where state law permits physician-assisted suicide.1 In an editorial for CNN, Maynard wrote: “having this choice at the end of my life has … given me a sense of peace during a tumultuous time that otherwise would be dominated by fear, uncertainty, and pain” (“My right to death with dignity at 29”). Having the option to end her life gave Maynard back her sense of agency and allowed her to die on her own terms. ANALYSIS Laws like Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act are not without their critics, however. Prominent among them is philosopher J. David Velleman, who makes a case against these laws in his essay “Against the Right to Die.” Velleman challenges those—like Maynard—who claim that state-sanctioned assisted suicide can preserve the dignity of the terminally ill. He claims that dignity and autonomy are intertwined in such a way that someone lacking dignity also necessarily lacks the ability to rationally choose suicide. Velleman also argues that the presence of an institutional right to die places an undue pressure on the terminally ill to exercise such a right. -
Presentation Abstracts
Eighth Annual Western Michigan University Medical Humanities Conference Conference Abstracts Hosted by the WMU Medical Humanities Workgroup and the Program in Medical Ethics, Humanities, and Law, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine September 13-14, 2018 Our Sponsors: Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, WMU Department of Philosophy Ethics After Error: Malpractice, Mistrust, and the Limits of Medical Moral Repair Ben Almassi, PhD Division of Arts & Letters Governors State University Abstract: One limitation of medical ethics modelled on ideal moral theory is its relative silence on the aftermath of medical error – that is, not just on the recognition and avoidance of injustice, wrongdoing, or other such failures of medical ethics, but how to respond given medical injustice or wrongdoing. Ideally, we would never do each other wrong; but given that inevitably we do, as fallible and imperfect agents we require non-ideal ethical guidance. For such non-ideal moral contexts, I suggest, Margaret Walker’s account of moral repair and reparative justice presents powerful hermeneutical and practical tools toward understanding and enacting what is needed to restore moral relationships and moral standing in the aftermath of injustice or wrongdoing, tools that might be usefully extended to medical ethics and error specifically. Where retributive justice aims to make injured parties whole and retributive justice aims to mete out punishment, reparative justice “involves the restoration or reconstruction of confidence, trust, and hope in the reality of shared moral standards and of our reliability in meeting and enforcing them.” Medical moral repair is not without its challenges, however, in both theory and practice: standard ways of holding medical professionals and institutions responsible for medical error and malpractice function retributively and/or restitutively, either giving benign inattention to patient-practitioner relational repair or impeding it. -
AMWA Centennial Meeting Poster and Oral Presentation Abstracts
AMWA Centennial Meeting Poster and Oral Presentation Abstracts Compiled by: Kimberly Seidel and Carey Wickham Table of Contents: ATTENDING PHYSICIAN POSTER PRESENTATIONS: 1 RESIDENT PHYSICIAN POSTER PRESENTATIONS: 7 RESIDENT PHYSICIAN ORAL PRESENTATIONS: 11 STUDENT POSTER PRESENTATIONS: 14 Attending Physician Poster Presentations: A Patient's Right to Die-- What other options do we have? Author: Mei-Ean Yeow Institution: Rush University Medical Center Presenter: Mei-Ean Yeow, [email protected] Poster number: 1 A patient’s right to die/physician assisted suicide remains a controversial topic both in the medical field and in the community at large, especially with recent high profile cases such as the Brittany Maynard case. Hospice & Palliative care physicians not infrequently face requests for hastened deaths from their patients. We describe two cases and discuss the ethical, legal and moral challenges, along with alternative options that can provide comfort and dignity at the end of life. Cases: Ms A was a 76 yr old female on hospice care with lung cancer which had metastasized to bone and throat. Along with worsening pain, she also felt that she was choking on her secretions. Despite aggressive medical management, she continued to be in distress and pain and asked us to give her medications to help her die. After multiple meetings, a decision was made to pursue palliative sedation (PS). Mr S was a 71 yr old male with renal cell carcinoma, metastasized to brain, lung and liver. He was a retired epidemiologist, who valued his intellect and clear thinking highly. His functional status begun to decline and he was also having problems with word-finding. -
Death and Dignity Michael Gardner Brigham Young University, [email protected]
Brigham Young University Prelaw Review Volume 31 Article 4 4-2017 Death and Dignity Michael Gardner Brigham Young University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byuplr Part of the Law Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Gardner, Michael (2017) "Death and Dignity," Brigham Young University Prelaw Review: Vol. 31 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byuplr/vol31/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the All Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Brigham Young University Prelaw Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. deaTh and digniTy Kelton Gardner1 n April 2014, Brittany Maynard, a 29-year-old resident of Ana- heim, California and recent graduate student of the University Iof California, was diagnosed with grade four astrocytoma—a form of brain cancer—and was given a prognosis of six months to live. Brittany and her family moved to Oregon, one of only fve states at the time that had legalized physician-assisted suicide. As the quality of her life decreased dramatically, Brittany decided she wanted a physician-assisted suicide. This process would consist of taking prescribed pills (known as barbiturates) in the comfort of her own home at the time of her own choosing. On November 1, 2014, Brittany ended her life as she intended. In an article she posted on CNN’s website, Brittany expressed her gratitude for laws allowing physician-assisted suicide in circumstances of imminent death and tremendous pain. -
AMA Journal of Ethics® June 2018, Volume 20, Number 6: 581-588
AMA Journal of Ethics® June 2018, Volume 20, Number 6: 581-588 HISTORY OF MEDICINE Getting Past Dax Monica L. Gerrek, PhD Abstract Much has been written about Dax Cowart’s tragic burn injury, treatment, and recovery. While Dax’s case is certainly important to conversations regarding decision making in burn care, his is not the only story there is. In this article, the case of Andrea Rubin, also a severe burn survivor, is introduced as another voice in this conversation. Her experience during treatment and recovery is very different from Dax’s and should cause us to at least pause and reconsider how we think about treatment and decision making in burn care. Two Survivors, Two Stories In 1973, 25-year-old Dax Cowart, former captain of his high school football team, former Air Force pilot, rodeo rider, and aspiring commercial pilot, was severely burned as a result of a freak accident.1-5 Dax’s father had inadvertently parked his car on a bridge over a leaking propane pipe, and a spark from an attempt to start the car caused an explosion. His father was killed and Dax suffered a burn to 65% of his total body surface area (TBSA), with third-degree burns to his face, ears, and hands.1 Most of his fingers were amputated and he lost vision in both eyes. His words to the first person, a farmer, who arrived at the scene were, “Get me a gun. Can’t you see I’m a dead man. I’m going to die anyway.”2 During his very painful 14 months of treatment—6 in the hospital and 8 in a rehabilitation facility—Dax repeatedly requested that the team discontinue treatment. -
Tuskegee and the Health of Black Men
Tuskegee and the Health of Black Men Marcella Alsan and Marianne Wanamaker April 2016 PRELIMINARY. COMMENTS WELCOME. Abstract JEL Codes: I25, O15 For forty years, the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male passively monitored hundreds of adult black males with syphilis despite the availability of effective treatment. The study’s methods have become synonymous with exploitation and mistreatment by the medical community. We find that the historical disclosure of the study in 1972 is correlated with in- creases in medical mistrust and mortality and decreases in outpatient physician interactions for black men. Blacks possessing prior experience with the medical community, including veterans and women, appear to have been less affected by the disclosure. Our findings relate to a broader literature on how be- liefs are formed and the importance of trust for economic exchanges involving asymmetric information. We are grateful to William Collins, Joe Ferrie, Nathan Nunn, John Parman, Achyuta Adhvaryu, Arun Chandrasekhar, Martha Bailey, Rebecca Diamond, Claudia Goldin, Melanie Morten, Mark Duggan, Mark Cullen, Melissa Dell, Nancy Qian, Ran Abramitzky, Pascaline Dupas, Rema Hanna, Grant Miller and participants at NBER DAE, University of Tennessee, Vander- bilt Health Policy, Carnegie Mellon Applied Microeconomics, University of Copenhagen Economics, University of Pennsylvania Health Policy, ASSA 2016 Berkeley Population Center, University of Chicago Harris and Stanford Health Policy for constructive comments. We thank the CDC for providing access and to the administrators at the Atlanta and Stanford Census Research Data Centers for their help in navigating the restricted data. We thank Michael Sinkinson, Martha Bailey, Andrew Goodman-Bacon and Walker Hanlon for sharing data and methods. -
An Ethics of Care Approach to Managing the Burden of Alzheimer's Disease Carrie L
Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Spring 2018 An Ethics of Care Approach to Managing the Burden of Alzheimer's Disease Carrie L. Stott Duquesne University Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Stott, C. L. (2018). An Ethics of Care Approach to Managing the Burden of Alzheimer's Disease (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1453 This One-year Embargo is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AN ETHICS OF CARE APPROACH TO MANAGING THE BURDEN OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE A Dissertation Submitted to the McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Carrie L. Stott May 2018 Copyright by Carrie L. Stott 2018 AN ETHICS OF CARE APPROACH TO MANAGING THE BURDEN OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE By Carrie L. Stott Approved March 22, 2018 _____________________________ _______________________________ Gerard Magill, PhD Henk ten Have, MD, PhD The Vernon F. Gallagher Chair Director, Center for Healthcare Ethics Professor of Healthcare Ethics Professor of Healthcare Ethics (Dissertation Director) (Committee Member) ______________________________ ______________________________ Joris Gielen, PhD Henk ten Have, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Healthcare Ethics Director, Center for Healthcare Ethics (Committee Member) Professor of Healthcare Ethics ______________________________ James Swindal, PhD Dean, McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts iii ABSTRACT AN ETHICS OF CARE APPROACH TO MANAGING THE BURDEN OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE By Carrie L. -
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Case: 13-36217, 03/14/2016, ID: 9899915, DktEntry: 34-1, Page 1 of 33 FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT GEORGE O. MITCHELL, No. 13-36217 Plaintiff-Appellant, DC No. v. 3:12 cv-05403 BHS STATE OF WASHINGTON; KELLY CUNNINGHAM, SCC Superintendent; DR. THOMAS BELL, OPINION Defendants-Appellees. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington Benjamin H. Settle, District Judge, Presiding Argued and Submitted April 6, 2015—Pasadena, California Filed March 14, 2016 Before: Dorothy W. Nelson, A. Wallace Tashima, and Richard R. Clifton, Circuit Judges. Opinion by Judge Tashima; Concurrence by Judge Clifton Case: 13-36217, 03/14/2016, ID: 9899915, DktEntry: 34-1, Page 2 of 33 2 MITCHELL V. STATE OF WASHINGTON SUMMARY* Prisoner Civil Rights The panel affirmed the district court’s summary judgment in an action brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 in which plaintiff, who is civilly committed as a sexually violent predator, alleged that defendants’ refusal to treat his Hepatitis C with interferon and ribavirin violated his right to reasonable medical care and that the consideration of race in the denial of this treatment violated the Equal Protection Clause. The panel first held the district court erred by finding that the damages claims against the state defendants were barred by the Eleventh Amendment. The panel held that even though plaintiff testified in his deposition that he was suing defendants only in their official capacities, his amended complaint clearly stated that he was suing defendants in both their official and personal capacities for damages and injunctive relief and the record demonstrated that plaintiff, acting pro se, did not understand the legal significance of bringing claims against defendants in their official versus personal capacities. -
Tuskegee Mixer Materials
Tuskegee Syphilis Study Mixer By Gretchen Kraig-Turner (with additions and revisions by Linda Christensen) Questions: 1. Find someone who supported the study. Who is it? Why did this person support the study? 2. Find someone who was hurt by the Tuskegee Study. Who is it? How was this person hurt? 3. Find someone who took action about the Tuskegee Study. Who is it? What did the person do? 4. Find someone who benefited from the Tuskegee Study. Who is it? How did this person benefit? 5. Find a doctor who was connected to the Tuskegee Study. Who is it? What was his connection to the study? 6. Find someone who was troubled by the Tuskegee Study. Who is it? What troubled this person? 7. Find someone who had to make a choice about their role in the study. Who was it? What choice did the person have to make? Jean Heller: After receiving a tip from whistleblower Peter Buxtun, who worked as an interviewer for the Public Health Service, Associated Press asked me to investigate Buxtun’s claims about an unethical medical study focused on African American men with syphilis. Although I wrote the story that eventually stopped the study, Peter Buxtun was the one who uncovered the story and investigated what he believed was an immoral study. On July 25, 1972, the Washington Evening Star newspaper ran my article on its front page: "Syphilis Patients Died Untreated." I wrote: For 40 years, the U.S. Public Health Service has conducted a study in which human guinea pigs, not given proper treatment, have died of syphilis and its side effects. -
Ethics in Burn Care
AMA Journal of Ethics® June 2018 Volume 20, Number 6: 525-605 Ethics in Burn Care From the Editor Opening Dialogue on Current Ethical Issues in Burn Care 527 Ashwath Gunasekar Ethics Cases Is It Ethical to Treat Pain Different in Children and Adults with Burns? 531 Commentary by Sharmila Dissanaike, MD When Is It Appropriate to Put a Live Donor at Risk to Help Another Patient? 537 Commentary by Anjay Khandelwal, MD Should Cosmetic Outcome Influence Discussions about Goals of Care for Severly Burned Patients? 546 Commentary by Yuk Ming Liu, MD and Kathleen Skipton Romanowski, MD Original Research A Model to Improve Detection of Nonaccidental Pediatric Burns 552 Lauren C. Nigro, MD, Michael J. Feldman, MD, Robin L. Foster, MD, and Andrea L. Pozez, MD Podcast How to Help Burn Patients Survive and Thrive: An Interview with Dr. Monica Gerrek and Andrea Rubin Medical Education Problems and Costs That Could Be Addressed by Improved Burn and Wound Care Training in Health Professions Education 560 Patrick T. Delaplain, MD and Victor C. Joe, MD Policy Forum Defining Adequate Quality and Safety Metrics for Burn Care 567 AMA Journal of Ethics, June 2018 525 Laura S. Johnson, MD and Jeffrey W. Shupp, MD Medicine and Society Ethics of Burn Wound Care in a Low-Middle Income Country 575 Shelley Wall, MBChB, Nikki Allorto, MBChB, Ross Weale, MBBS, Victor Kong, PhD, and Damian Clarke, PhD History of Medicine Getting Past Dax 581 Monica L. Gerrek, PhD Personal Narrative Ask Me about My Pearls: Burn Care, Ethics, and Creative Writing 589 Debra Ann Reilly, MD and Steve Langan, MFA Viewpoint The Four-Quadrant Approach to Ethical Issues in Burn Care 595 Chad M.