PROGRAM: ESTONIAN NATIONAL SYMPHONY

Saturday, November 2, 2013 / 7:30 pm / Bing Concert Hall

ESTONIAN NATIONAL SYMPHONY Orchestra

ARTISTS PROGRAM Estonian National Symphony Orchestra Arvo Pärt: Cantus in memoriam Benjamin Britten (1977) Neeme Järvi, conductor , cello Antonín Dvorˇák: Cello Concerto in B Minor, op. 104, B. 191 (1894–1895) Allegro The enso’s 2013 u.s. tour is made possible Adagio ma non troppo through the support of the Estonian Ministry Allegro moderato of Culture. *INTERMISSION*

Jean Sibelius: Symphony No. 5 in E-flat Major, op. 82 (1914–1919) Tempo molto moderato – Allegro moderato Andante mosso, quasi allegretto Allegro molto

PROGRAM SUBJECT TO CHANGE. Please be considerate of others and turn off all phones, pagers, and watch alarms, and unwrap all lozenges prior to the performance. Photography and recording of any kind are not permitted. Thank you.

14 Stanford Live Magazine November/December 2013 PROGRAM: ESTONIAN NATIONAL SYMPHONY Orchestra

ARVO PÄRT (B. 1935) op. 82, no. 1—as the main theme of the Sibelius gradually unravels the CANTUS IN MEMORIAM slow movement. She died shortly after dissonances contained in the theme, only BENJAMIN BRITTEN (1977) Dvorˇák returned home to . Dvorˇák resolving them in the widely separated, then added 60 or so new bars of music affirmative chords that bring the work to Peel back the dense, multilayered at the very end of the concerto, again its conclusion. The opening movement string textures of Estonian composer quoting and meditating on the same unfolds the latent energy of the theme, Arvo Pärt’s Cantus in memoriam song. It is a poignant and elegiac coda gradually working towards a radiant Benjamin Britten and there is a simple to the finale, which begins in a jubilant reprise on full brass, even more noble yet radical idea. In one of his earliest and robust mood with music that can be than the opening. Before it ends, the pieces after casting aside the complex traced back to a cello sonata that Dvorˇák tempo appears to quicken and, in one modernism of the 1960s and early 1970s, had sketched earlier in his time in the of the masterstrokes of the work, the Pärt explores the potential of a single states. Of the tender, reflective closing, musical argument evolves into a dance. descending minor scale, with the highest Dvorˇák wrote: “The concerto closes with In the period between the first (four- violins to the lowest basses playing a gradual diminuendo, like a sigh, with movement) and final (three-movement) simultaneously but at different tempos. reminiscences of the first and second versions of the work, Sibelius wove his A solitary funeral bell punctuates the movements. The solo dies down to opening movement and scherzo into a static serenity of the string sonorities, pianissimo, then swells again, and the last single, organic whole. Its new direction rich with overtones, constantly shifting. bars are taken up by the orchestra, which now seems inevitable as we listen, as Pärt’s music is the farthest music provides a stormy conclusion. That is does the fugal treatment of the motifs imaginable from the goal-oriented my idea and I cannot depart from it.” and thrilling, blazing conclusion. The music of a Beethoven. It is concerned excitement of the opening movement is with being and existing, not becoming. stabilized with the theme and variations Along the way it pays tribute to the (1865–1957) that follow. It’s a fascinating, almost then-recently-deceased English composer, SYMPHONY NO. 5 IN E-FLAT hypnotic unfolding of a curious five-note whom he never met but in whose music MAJOR, OP. 82 (1914–1919) theme. Beneath an outer appearance he discovered “unusual purity.” of calm and order, the music has an On the evening of his 50th birthday, inner feeling of restlessness and unease. December 8, 1915, Sibelius conducted A slowly swaying bass line twice gives ANTONÍN DVOŘÁK (1841–1904) the Helsinki Municipal Orchestra in us a glimpse of a theme to come. The CELLO CONCERTO IN B MINOR, the premiere of his Fifth Symphony. It strings buzz excitedly. Then we hear OP. 104, B. 191 (1894–1895) was a heroic, uplifting score; the music the theme in its full glory in the finale, was powerful and festive. The day had tolling in bell-like leaping thirds on Written over a New York winter and been declared a national holiday for two pairs of horns. This glorious theme inspired by the playing of Victor Herbert, the Finns, marking a milestone in the has been likened to Thor swinging principal cellist at the Met, Dvorˇák’s life of Sibelius, their national hero. But his hammer. Certainly, by the end, Cello Concerto opens with two of the the Fifth Symphony itself was far from the noble theme has been solidly most beautiful themes he ever wrote. the masterpiece we know today. Ahead hammered in metal in as affirmative Virtuosity is called for from the soloist lay two major rewrites—“practically an ending as that of any symphony. in the opening movement, but there is composed anew,” Sibelius said, by the no cadenza. The cello plays a heroic time the final version was complete, —Keith Horner, 2013 but not domineering role throughout shortly after the end of the First World and is frequently heard in imaginative, War, five years after he first began chamber music–like combinations of work on the symphony. The work ESTONIAN NATIONAL instruments. The slow movement strikes grows organically from the noble horn SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA a deeply personal note. Like Mozart, motif with which the first movement The Estonian National Symphony Dvorˇák married a woman whose sister opens. It is a questioning theme that Orchestra (ENSO, known in Estonian he once loved. Dvorˇák heard that his ends inconclusively, in midsentence. as Eesti Riiklik Sümfooniaorkester – sister-in-law was ill while he was still in But within its uneven contours lies ERSO) started out as a small radio New York and quoted one of her favorite an argument that occupies the entire orchestra in 1926. Over the years, it songs—his own song Leave Me Alone, symphony and haunts every measure. has become ’s representative

16 Stanford Live Magazine November/December 2013 Cantor Arts Center - TheatreWorks: 10/9 & Stanford Live: Nov/Dec 2013 Program Due: 9/6/13

CANTOR ARTS CENTER AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY

Carrie Mae Weems,Carrie A Broad and Expansive Sky—Ancient Rome from Roaming, 2006. Digital chromogenic print. 73 x 61 inches. collection. Private Portland; Oregon. Mae Weems © Carrie

orchestra and has powerfully increased its international scope, particularly in recent decades. Since 2010 it has been ARRIE AE led by Principal Conductor and Artistic C M Director Neeme Järvi, while Paavo Järvi has been its artistic advisor since WEEMS 2002 and Olari Elts, its principal guest THREE DECADES conductor since 2007. The orchestra’s OF PHOTOGRAPHY previous principal conductors were AND VIDEO (1939–1944), Paul Karp

(1944–1950), Roman Matsov (1950– THROUGH 1963), Neeme Järvi (1963–1979), Peeter JANUARY 5 Lilje (1980–1990), Leo Krämer (1991– 1993), (1993–2001), and Nikolai Alexeev (2001–2010). Experience more than 100 works by this internationally recognized artist, whose powerful work explores issues of race, gender, class, and how history defines us. Renowned guest conductors of ENSO throughout the years have included Hermann Abendroth, Karel Ancˇerl, 328 Lomita Drive at Museum Way, Stanford • Free admission • museum.stanford.edu CAC 082813 weems 1_3sq.pdf

Paavo Berglund, Leo Blech, Albert The exhibition has been organized by Kathryn Delmez, curator, Frist Center for the Visual Arts, Nashville, Tennessee. This exhibition is supported in part by grants from The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts and the National Endowment for the Arts, and gifts from the HCA Foundation on behalf of HCA and the TriStar Coates, , Mariss Family of Hospitals, and Robert and Richard Menschel. Jansons, Aram Khachaturian, Kirill The exhibition's presentation at Stanford is made possible by the Clumeck Fund and Cantor Arts Center Members. Kondrashin, Dmitri Kitaenko, Nicolai Malko, Sir Neville Marriner, , Gennady Rozhdestvensky, Kurt Sanderling, Leif Segerstam, Maxim QUATTRO Shostakovich, Leonard Slatkin, Igor Untitled-1 1 8/28/13 1:16 PM Stravinsky, Evgeny Svetlanov, Yuri THE SPA Temirkanov, and Osmo Vänskä. HOTEL

The high quality of ENSO’s recordings has been recognized by several music magazines, and it has won many awards, including a Grammy Award for its recording of Sibelius’s cantatas (Virgin Classics). In addition to close cooperation between ENSO and Virgin Classics, the orchestra has also recorded for Alba Records, BIS, Antes Edition, Ondine, Finlandia Records, Melodiya, and other companies.

The orchestra has toured widely throughout the world and has taken part in numerous music festivals at home and abroad. ENSO went on its first international concert tour to Romania and Bulgaria in 1972, with 650.566.1200 | www.fourseasons.com/siliconvalley Neeme Järvi and Roman Matsov 2050 UNIVERSITY AVE, EAST PALO ALTO . In the 1970s and 1980s,

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ENSO toured the actively Over his long and highly successful BIS, and EMI, among others. Future (including the Far East and cities in career, he has held positions with releases on Chandos include complete Siberia and Transcaucasia) and was a across the world. Last season ballets by Tchaikovsky, symphonies regular performer in the renowned concert he took up his tenure as artistic and and orchestral music by Swiss composer halls of St. Petersburg (then Leningrad) music director of the Orchestre de la Joachim Raff, and also music by and . Since then the orchestra Suisse Romande. He is also currently Massenet, Chabrier, Saint-Saëns, Suppé, has gone on more than 50 tours, the artistic director of the Estonian National Atterberg, and Scharwenka. longest being three-week tours of Italy Symphony Orchestra and music director (2003, conductor Nikolai Alexeev) and emeritus of both the Residentie Orkest Neeme Järvi has been honored with the United States (2009, conductors Eri The Hague and the Detroit Symphony many international awards and Klas and Nikolai Alexeev). The most Orchestra. He also holds the titles of accolades. From his native country, these important festivals ENSO has performed principal conductor emeritus of the include an honorary doctorate from the in include Europamusicale in , Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra and Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre Musiksommer in Gstaad, the Baltic Sea conductor laureate of the Royal Scottish in and the Order of the National Festival in , and Il Settembre National Orchestra. Coat of Arms from the president of dell’Accademia in Verona. In 2006, the Republic of Estonia. The mayor of ENSO and the Estonian Philharmonic Recent and future seasons include Tallinn presented Maestro Järvi with the Chamber Choir, conducted by Olari Elts, engagements with the Berliner city’s first-ever ceremonial Sash and Coat performed Arvo Pärt’s music in the Turin Philharmoniker, Royal Concertgebouw of Arms Insignia, and he has been named Cathedral as part of the cultural program Orchestra, Symphonieorchester one of the “Estonians of the Century.” of the XX Olympic Winter Games. des Bayerischen Rundfunks, Neeme Järvi holds an honorary doctorate Gewandhausorchester , Czech of humane letters from Detroit’s Wayne ENSO’s home venue is the Estonia Philharmonic Orchestra, and Wiener State University and the University of Concert Hall, which turned 100 years Symphoniker, as well as the major Michigan, as well as honorary doctorates old in 2013. The orchestra also regularly orchestras in the United States, and from the University of Aberdeen and the performs in other large concert halls in regular engagements with the NHK Royal Swedish Academy of Music. He Estonia and also at open-air concerts in (Tokyo) and Singapore symphony has also received the Commander of the the summer. ENSO’s repertoire includes orchestras. He also continues his North Star Order from King Karl XVI music ranging from the Baroque period to regular relationships with the Bergen Gustaf of . premiere performances of modern works. Philharmonic Orchestra, the Swedish ENSO has performed the premieres of the National Orchestras of Gothenburg, and symphonic pieces of almost all Estonian the Royal Scottish National Orchestra. NAREK HAKHNAZARYAN composers including Arvo Pärt, Erkki- In 2011, Narek Hakhnazaryan was Sven Tüür, , Eino Tamberg, Highlights of an impressive discography awarded the Gold Medal at the XIV Jaan Rääts, , Tõnu Kõrvits, include critically acclaimed complete International Tchaikovsky Competition, Helena Tulve, and others. In addition symphony cycles of Prokofiev, the most prestigious prize given to to Estonian musicians, the orchestra Shostakovich, Richard Strauss, Mahler, cellists. Already hailed a “seasoned performs with many renowned conductors Dvorˇák, Glazunov, Grieg, Sibelius, phenom” by the Washington Post and soloists from around the world. Nielsen, and Brahms. and praised for his “intense focus and expressive artistry” by the Neeme Järvi has also championed New York Times, Hakhnazaryan is NEEME JÄRVI less widely known composers such as emerging as one of the most significant The head of a musical dynasty, Neeme Wilhelm Stenhammar, Hugo Alfvén, young artists on the world stage. Järvi is one of today’s most highly , Franz Berwald, Johann respected maestros. He conducts the Svendsen, Johann Halvorsen, and His recent performances include debuts world’s most prominent orchestras composers from his native Estonia with Valery Gergiev and the London and works alongside soloists of the including Rudolf Tobias, Artur Symphony and Mariinsky Orchestras, highest caliber. A prolific recording Kapp, Eduard Tubin, and Arvo Pärt. his debut with the Chicago Symphony, artist, he has amassed a discography Throughout his career he has recorded and his New York concerto debut of nearly 500 recordings. with Chandos, Deutsche Grammophon, performing the Elgar Concerto in

18 Stanford Live Magazine November/December 2013 ’s Alice Tully Hall with Young Concert Artists International a pianist. His early studies were at the the Orchestra of St. Luke’s. In the Auditions, he debuted in the Young Sayat-Nova School of Music in 2012–2013 season, Hakhnazaryan Concert Artists Series in New York with Zareh Sarkisyan. At the age of appeared with the Rotterdam at Carnegie’s Zankel Hall and at the 12, Hakhnazaryan began studies at the Philharmonic playing the Dutilleux Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. Moscow Conservatory with Alexey Concerto conducted by Gergiev; he also He was born in 1988 in Yerevan, Seleznyov, and he went on to work performed with the Dallas Symphony Armenia, into a family of musicians: his with Laurence Lesser at New under Jaap van Zweden, the Kansas City father is a violinist and his mother is Conservatory of Music in Boston. Symphony under Michael Stern, and the Filarmonica della Scala under Juraj Valcuha. He also made his debut with Holiday Traditions at Filoli is so special . . . ❄ the London Philharmonic, BBC Scottish Symphony, NDR Hamburg, Orchestre You’ll want to purchase your tickets now!❅ Symphonique de Québec, Vienna Friday evening, November 29 - Saturday, December 7, 2013 Tickets on ❆sale now Chamber, and Seoul Philharmonic orchestras. His summer festival appearances included a recital at the ❄ ❆ Ravinia Festival and performances at the Aspen Festival under David Robertson. ❆

In the 2013–2014 season, Hakhnazaryan will appear in recital at Carnegie’s Zankel Hall and throughout the United States. He will embark on a three-week U.S. tour playing Dvorˇák with the Estonian National Symphony Orchestra conducted by Neeme Järvi and Nikolai Alexeev. He will also make his debut with the Toronto Symphony playing Tchaikovsky’s Rococo Variations SHOP the Boutique DINE at Bistros ENJOY favorite music, and with the São Paulo Symphony with its wide variety of rare and or Lunch Buffets amidst performed in the unique gifts, seasonal decorations, exquisite holiday décor historic House while you playing Lera Auerbach. Other jewelry and clothing before or after you shop peruse holiday merchandise highlights include a tour with the Czech Philharmonic under Jirˇí Beˇlohlávek DECORATED HISTORIC HOUSE BOUTIQUE SHOPPING and performances with Valery Gergiev and the Mariinsky Orchestra and the Filarmonica della Scala. Recent and upcoming recitals include appearances at Wigmore Hall, the Konzerthaus, the Salle Pleyel, the Concertgebouw, the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, the Shriver Photos by Ned Gault For complete❄ details, visit www.filoli.org/holiday-traditions anytime Hall Concert Series in Baltimore, ❅ and the Vancouver Recital Society. or phone 650-364-8300, ext. 508 weekdays from 9:00am to 4:00pm.

Mentored by , ❆ Narek Hakhnazaryan was the only f iloli One of America’s Greatest Treasures cellist invited to travel on behalf of the ❄ Located in Woodside just off of I-280 near the Mstislav Rostropovich Foundation. Edgewood Rd. exit. Parking is free. 650-364-8300 As First Prize winner in the 2008 ❅86 Cañada Road, Woodside, CA 94062

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