Valedictory Reflections from Departmental Secretaries, 2004–11
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With the benefit of hindsight Valedictory reflections from departmental secretaries, 2004–11 With the benefit of hindsight Valedictory reflections from departmental secretaries, 2004–11 Edited by John Wanna • Sam Vincent • Andrew Podger Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: With the benefit of hindsight : valedictory reflections from departmental secretaries, 2004-11/ edited by John Wanna, Sam Vincent, Andrew Podger. ISBN: 9781921862731 (pbk.) 9781921862748 (ebook) Subjects: Civil service--Australia--Anecdotes. Australia--Officials and employees--Anecdotes. Other Authors/Contributors: Wanna, John. Vincent, Sam. Podger, A. S. (Andrew Stuart) Dewey Number: 351.94 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2012 ANU E Press Contents 2012 Valedictory Series Foreword . vii Introduction . ix Andrew Podger and John Wanna 1 . Yes, minister – the privileged position of secretaries . 1 Roger Beale 2 . My fortunate career and some parting remarks . 7 Andrew Podger 3 . Performance management and the performance pay paradox . 15 Allan Hawke 4 . Thirty-eight years toiling in the vineyard of public service . 29 Ric Smith 5. The last count – the importance of official statistics to the democratic process . 43 Dennis Trewin 6 . Balancing Life at Home and Away in the Australian Public Service . 51 Joanna Hewitt 7 . In the national interest . 61 Peter Shergold 8 . Impressions, observations and lessons from a Canberra outsider . 73 Robert Cornall 9 . An unlikely secretary – a boy from the outer agencies . 87 Mark Sullivan 10 . As if for a thousand years – the challenges ahead for the APS . 95 David Borthwick 11. Reflections of an ‘unabashed rationalist’ . 107 Peter Boxall 12 . Our custodial role for the quality of advisory relations at the centre of government . 117 Patricia Scott v 13. A road less travelled – reflecting on three professional pillars of support . 125 Michael L’Estrange 14. There’s a telegram for you – fashioning Australia’s unique model of public administration . 135 Ken Matthews 15 . The opportunities, challenges and policy responses for the Australian economy . 149 Ken Henry 16. The boss in the yellow suit − leading service delivery reform . 165 Lynelle Briggs 17 . The challenges for the public service in protecting Australia’s democracy in the future . 177 Terry Moran Appendix: details of the movement of various secretaries . 189 2012 Valedictory Series Foreword The Valedictory Series, first published in November 2006,1 affords the public service the opportunity to honour some of our most distinguished leaders, retiring Secretaries and agency heads. Like previous publications this edition contains words of wisdom from a diverse group of people with a range of different styles. Without doubt all sixteen papers provide a thought-provoking experience for the reader and an insight into the views of some highly effective leaders and communicators about public service craft – leadership stories, career reflections and their ideas for the future. This publication, prepared in partnership with ANZSOG, compiles edited versions of the Valedictory Lectures delivered as part of this series, complemented by essays from other former colleagues. As Andrew Podger noted in his essay: ...the APS has a history of which we should all be proud, and that pride should be fostered as an important means of reinforcing confidence in our role and capability today. Roger Beale, in his essay, mentions that while analytical and emotional intelligence, together with education and drive are all of importance, a certain degree of toughness and moral independence is part of every successful secretary’s personality. Ric Smith emphasises the value of collaboration, a theme woven throughout Ahead of the Game: Blueprint for Reform of Australian Government Administration: The best times have had this in common: they have been those occasions in which public servants from many different agencies have come together to work as one team to deliver a clear result. Ironically, I saw this at its best in the aftermath of the Bali bombing... Leadership is, not surprisingly, a difficult business. Often there are no right answers and a leader cannot be the font of all knowledge – although some are remarkably well-gifted in this sphere. Perhaps, fundamentally, and most importantly for the success of the Service, a Secretary’s commitment to upholding the APS Values and Code of Conduct is 1 Most of these lectures were published at the time as commemorative pamphlets and placed on the APSC’s website (under the ‘Forum Speeches’ link). vii With the benefit of hindsight a mirror of their ability. After all as past Public Service Commissioner, Lynelle Briggs, observed in her lecture, Secretaries are the leaders of the APS and their behaviour is watched and modelled: Studies have shown that people will do what they see a leader do; even when that leader tells them behaving that way is unacceptable. I trust that my foreword will whet your appetite to delve into the words of some thoughtful and committed former public servants. I have been fortunate to work alongside almost all of them over the years and, to varying degrees, enjoyed a shared, and sometimes fraught, commitment to serving the public. Steve Sedgwick Public Service Commissioner viii Introduction Andrew Podger and John Wanna Secretaries of government departments in Australia are the bureaucratic leaders of their generation. They are ambitious, highly-talented executives who have risen to the very pinnacle of their chosen vocation – public service to the Australian nation – usually after having spent most, if not all, of their professional careers dedicated to the public service. They serve governments as their top advisers and in policy terms are often some of the most important decision-makers in the country. As bureaucratic leaders they also sit atop a very large pyramid. At any point in time no more than twenty individuals hold these esteemed positions out of a federal public service of some 165,000 employees, some 245,000 in Commonwealth government employment, and a population of around 22 million. The departments they run are some of the largest organisations in society, much larger in terms of the number of employees and number of functions than their equivalents in the private or non-government sectors. In this collection we have assembled the valedictory speeches from a departing echelon of secretaries (and one or two other equivalent agency heads) who left the Australian Public Service between 2004 and 2011. Over this period of time, among the Canberra mandarinate, it became accepted and, indeed, expected that departing secretaries and heads of significant agencies would present a valedictory address given to their peers at some public farewell function. The first two in this collection of speeches were initiated by the secretaries themselves and given at functions organised by their agencies. Perhaps because of their substance, or their notoriety, it was decided in late 2005 to formalise the process with the Australian Public Service Commission acting as host and organiser (records of around seven of these ten formal valedictories were internally published by the APSC between 2005 and 2010). Peter Shergold, then Secretary of the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, had read the valedictory address given in July 2005 by the head of the UK civil service, Sir Andrew Turnbull, and was impressed and believed we in Australia should do something similar. A number of departing secretaries chose not to deliver a valedictory at the time, or felt uncomfortable proffering commentary on the eve of their departure, or were just too busy with other things to devote the necessary time to the speech. We invited each of these to make a contribution to our compilation, albeit sometime after their departure. ix With the benefit of hindsight Most agreed, so that the sixteen former secretaries (13 men and three women) in this collection include most who left the APS over this period. On our count we are still missing four who ceased to be a secretary in this period. The speeches roam across the terrain chosen by the speaker. There was no set format or template that had to be followed. The content and robustness of the speeches was entirely up to the presenter either at the time of their departure or in response to our invitation. Accordingly, they contain reflections, commentaries, occasional fond memories or key turning-points in their careers, critiques of changes that have occurred or trends they feel are not for the best, and some pay particular attention to the remaining challenges their successors, the public administrators of tomorrow, will face. Some discuss how they manage their private and public lives, while others steer clear of this and focus on public administration more decisively. Significantly, most of these former secretaries started their working lives as graduates in agencies with strong internal cultures emphasising rigorous training, analysis and making a difference. When they started out they were one of many hopefuls aspiring to leadership positions in national administration. Of course, each year thousands start out on a public service career path; of these no doubt many have ambitions to climb up the ladder, but few can ever reach the top. Gradually each intake is whittled down by departures, transfers, resignations, even illness or incapacity; some leave the public service due to a loss of interest or commitment, perhaps because they are unsuited in temperament, or are insufficiently talented or motivated. The original intakes are gradually narrowed at senior levels until only the exceptionally talented stayers remain.