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Research Paper No. 22 1998-99

New South Wales Election 1999 ISSN 1328-7478

© Copyright Commonwealth ofAustralia 1999

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Published by the Depattment ofthe Parliamentary Library, 1999 INFORMATION AND RESEARCH SERVICES

Research Paper No. 22 1998-99

New South Wales Election 1999

Scott Bennett Politics and Public Administration Group

Gerard Newman Statistics Group

8 June 1999 Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank C. Madden, F. Frost, B. Bennett, A. Kopras, V. Wilson, J. Smith, K. Jackson, J. Hutchinson, R. Lundie and J. Pearson for their assistance in preparing this paper.

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IRS Publications Office Telephone: (02) 6277 2760 Contents

Symbols and Abbreviations Introduction 1 New South Wales goes to the polls 2 Background to the election: leadership 2 The campaign battle 3 Legislative Assembly 5 Legislative Council 10 Percentages for parties winning Legislative Council seats 12 The verdict 13 Endnotes 16 Table 1: Legislative Assembly, State Summary 18 Table2a: Legislative Assembly, District Summary 19 Table2b: Legislative Assembly, District Summary 21 Table 3: Legislative Assembly, District Summary 23 Table 4: Electoral Pendulum 25 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary 26 Table 6: Legislative Council, State Summary .42 Table 7: Legislative Council, Composition by Year of Election .44 Table 8: Legislative Assembly By-elections 1995-1999 .45 Table 9: Legislative Assembly Elections 1950-1999 .46 Symbols and Abbreviations

AAFI Australians Against Further hnmigration AD Australian Democrats ALP Australian Labor Party CDP Christian Democratic Party CEC Citizens Electoral Councils CPA Communist Party DSL Democratic Socialists ERP Euthanasia Reform Party ES Earthsave GOSH Gun Owners and Sporting Hunters Rights GRN The Greens IND Independents IP Re-elect Ivan Petch LP Liberal Party NBC No Badgerys Creek Airport NCP Non Custodial Parents Party NLP Natural Law Party NP National Party ORP Outdoor Recreation Party PF People First PHON Pauline Hanson's One Nation PV Peoples Voice R2P Republic 2001 Party SEP Socialist Equity Party TCW Timbarra Clear Water Party UNI Unity * Sitting member for District # Party holding or notionally holding District New South Wales Election 1999

Introduction

The 1999 New South Wales election saw the Labor Government of Bob Carr increase its small majority in the Legislative Assembly to one that should enable it to govern comfortably over the next four years. Although the Government does not control the upper house, the Legislative Council election has produced a house that will probably be more amenable to Labor legislation than its predecessor. On the Coalition side, the Liberal Party has been seriously weakened and it may take some time before new leader, Kerry Chikarovski, is in a position to challenge the Government electorally. Although the National Party vote declined, the party still holds the lion's share ofrural seats.

This paper provides a brief outline of the election campaign, discusses the results, notes the seats of significance, and speculates about the position of the parties in the immediate future.

1 New South Wales Election 1999

New South Wales goes to the polls

The 1999 New South Wales election was held on 27 March, the date at which the fixed four-year term of the parliament ended. The Legislative Assembly had been reduced from 99 to 93 seats, the second reduction since the election of 1988. Fifteen electorates had been abolished:

Ashfield (ALP), Badgerys Creek (ALP), Broken Hill (ALP), Bulli (ALP), Eastwood (LP), Ermington (LP), Gladesville (ALP), Gordon (LP), Hurstville (ALP), Murray (NP), Moorebank (ALP), Northcott (LP), St Marys (ALP), Sutherland (LP), Waratah (ALP).

Nine new electorates were created (notional sitting party given):!

Epping (LP), Heathcote (ALP), Hornsby (LP), Macquarie Fields (ALP), Menai (LP), Mulgoa (ALP), Murray-Darling (NP), Ryde (LP), Wentworthville (ALP).

The electorate ofMurwillurnbah had been renamed Tweed (NP).

Also on 27 March voters elected 21 Members of the 42-member Legislative Council for a term of eight years.

Background to the election: leadership

In his seminal work on Australian voting behaviour, Don Aitkin asserted that, 'There can be no doubt that the electorate prizes unity in its parties', and went on to note that the electorate 'is alert to any signs ofparty or cabinet disunity,.2 Despite this, there have been a number of occasions when State parties have moved, on the eve of a State election, to remove a leader deemed to be leading the party to electoral defeat. The Liberals' removal of Tom Lewis (1976) and John Mason (1981) (both NSW) and Dick Hamer (1981) (Vic), and the Nationals' deposing of Mike Ahem (1989) (Qld) have been the most significant in the past two decades. Typically, poor opinion poll results are cited as justification of such moves against a leader. A variant was the removal of Labor's Doug Lowe (1981) (Tas), an event which helped precipitate a premature election. Aitkin's warning was relevant to all cases-the party that had made this late change lost the forthcoming election?

In the cases mentioned, the date of the following election was uncertain, though close. In New South Wales in 1999, the parliament had a fixed term, so the parties knew the election date of 27 March. Despite this, as late as 11 December 1998, Liberal leader Peter Collins was forced from office by the supporters of Kerry Chikarovski. Just over a month later, on 14 January 1999, Ian Armstrong was replaced by George Souris as leader of the

2 New South Wales Election 1999

National Party. This was just over ten weeks from polling day, quite long enough, said Souris, to mount a successful campaign.

The Government was certainly vulnerable. In 1995 it won office with just 41.3 per cent of the first preference vote to the Coalition's 43.9 per cent, the lowest winning total since 1927, and with less than half of the two-party preferred vote. It won 50 of the Legislative Assembly's 99 seats. Within a few months its popularity had fallen to below 40 per cent, following its breaking of a promise to remove motorway tolls in western Sydney. Soon after the March 1996 Commonwealth election its popularity had dropped further to barely 30 per cent in the wake of the change in location of the Governor's residence and of the controversial dismissal of the head of the Department of Community Services. Between mid-1996 and early 1997 the Coalition under Collins had a healthy lead in the polls, though the Premier's own popularity was higher than the Liberal leader's. Labor only really began to match the Coalition during 1998 and throughout the year there was little in the poll margins.4

The campaign battle

It is a matter of fine judgment how earlyllate a party should issue its policies prior to polling day. Labor portrayed itself as 'getting on with the job' of government and not . prepared to be diverted from this until the formal launch of its policies on 14 March, a stance that was not seriously challenged. The Liberals, by contrast, came under media pressure to unveil their policies right from the election of Chikarovski and were criticised for many weeks for being 'policy-free', despite the Liberal promise to reveal policies at the formal opening of its campaign-on the same day as Labor. Despite this apparent embargo on policies, both sides did gradually make clear some of their policies in the weeks prior to the policy launches.

There is a settled pattern to most State elections. Governments stand on their record, make a plea for being given another term 'to finish the job' and criticise their opponents for the extravagance of their claims. Oppositions have a tendency to produce a 'shopping list' of promises, as they seek to put together a set of policies broad enough to attract a majority of voters.5 This election was no different, with the unusual aspect being the Coalition's public recognition that its promises would cost more than those made by the Government. In fact, it was forecast that the Coalition promises would see a Coalition government outspend Labor by a margin offive to one, a margin not disputed by either of the Coalition partners. 6

As a consequence, there were relatively few promises made by the Government, though it spoke of more money for emergency services and for hospitals in western Sydney and in the country. By comparison, the Coalition emphasised an environment energy fund, more· money for hospitals, a rural health boost, more dental services and a plan to scrap the controversial hotel bed tax. It made wide-ranging education promises and pledged to

3 New South Wales Election 1999

remove the controversial land tax on land worth more than $l.lm. The policy that caught most attention was a plan to privatise the production of electricity and to give each family $1000 cash or $1100 in shares from the proceeds.

In a move reminiscent of Coalition policies in the Wran years, much emphasis was placed on law and order, presumably in response to survey findings-a Herald AC Nielsen poll gave law and order as the issue that concerned the highest number of voters (23 per cent).? What was different on this occasion, however, was the Government's obvious detennination not to be outbid by its rivals. Whereas the Coalition emphasised such matters as the employment of 2,500 extra police, the dedication of police to crime 'hot spots', the tougher treatment of graffiti crime and the establishment of 'grid' sentencing under a policy of 'zero tolerance', the Government spoke of being tougher on paedophilia and establishing new sentencing guidelines in areas of serious crime. Some of this law and order vote-bidding involved some controversial ideas: the Coalition proposal to gaol first­ time graffiti vandals, for instance.

Oppositions often struggle to catch the campaign headlines-thus we have the heavy emphasis on staged media events and of the ubiquitous 'photo-opportunity'. In an effort to be heard, policy gimmicks are often thrown up to catch attention. The Coalition had its share: an 'employee ombudsman' to work to move employees to individual contracts and hence reduce union power, was an example. Others included a lO-day wilderness trek as an alternative to expulsion from school, and a 'community cadet scheme', which proposed a work-force of uniformed teenagers undertaking volunteer community work wherever required. The most controversial was a plan to force young offenders to wear fluorescent jackets branded 'Community service', while undertaking compulsory community work.This was a proposal which produced critiCism from the ACT Liberal Chief Minister, Kate Camell, herself critical of a similar shaming exercise in Canberra a few years earlier.8

Camell's intervention was one of a number of distractions during the campaign that Chikarovski could have done without. Some were of potential importance, such as the difficulties caused by errors in the detail surrounding the electricity privatisation proposal, or of threats by MPs Peter Blackmore (Lib) and Mark Kersten (NP) not to support the legislation in the Parliament, or the National Party calls in late January to end the Coalition. The failure of talk-back radio hosts, such as Alan Jones, to wholeheartedly accept the Liberal leader, was another frustration. Three days before polling day, New South Wales Liberal director, Remo Nogarotto, was forced to apologise to former leader Peter Collins, for describing his leadership as 'three years of public humiliation'. Rather more bizarre was the need to respond to publicity given to call-back radio claims that the Liberal Party had touched up its Chikarovski television advertisements to make her eyes blue in colour.9

Governments can have a difficult task in breaking through voter resistance as they attempt to increase voter support, something that the Carr Government, with its three-seat majority, was keen to achieve. It was reported that Labor's strategy was to run a 'positive' campaign, with four main features. There was to be an apology from the Premier for any

4 New South Wales Election 1999

mistakes that had been made, followed by the claim that Labor was 'achieving more than you realise' and then a restatement of its achievements. Overriding everything else, the Leader of the Opposition was not to be attacked. lO This strategy was adhered to, making it difficult for the Opposition to engage with the Government-the Premier even refusing a television debate with Chikarovski.

The image, then, was of a government in control, smoothly moving toward victory over an unsettled opponent, yet there were various problems which seemed to argue against an inevitable victory. Labor's land tax support brought heated opposition from HALT (Home­ Owners Against Land Tax), its native vegetation and water management legislation had antagonised country interests and it even had to face front-page revelations concerning cockroaches infesting a major Sydney hospital in the middle of the campaign.

Quite close to polling day, media discussion tended to talk of a possible narrow parliamentary margin.l1 To an important extent, though, such predictions overlooked the evidence of the opinion polls. Even though the State-wide figures for the parties remained reasonably close, the election seemed to be won quite a long way out from polling day when opinion polls were indicating an overwhelming Government lead in Sydney. In mid­ March, for instance, the Herald AC Nielsen poll had city voters favouring Labor by 13 percentage points, whereas Newspoll's State-wide margin was just two points. 12 If the former poll's figures were duplicated in Sydney on election day, and if the normally Labor-supporting Newcastle and lllawarra electorates voted for the Government as well, then Labor was likely to win comfortably and votes in rural areas were likely to be irrelevant to the result.

.Legislative Assembly

The outcome

Labor's vote of 42.2 per cent barely rose from the 1995 figure (41.3%). The party won 55 of the 93 seats, compared with 50 of 99 seats in 1995. This was the third-lowest Labor vote since 195O-in fact, its four lowest post-War results have been in the past four elections, in which it has averaged just 40.3 per cent of first preferences. The heady days of 1953 when the party gained well over half the vote (55%), or 1978 (57.8%) or 1981 (55.7%), seemed long past, suggesting that the newspaper headline, 'Victory echoes ALP's Wranslide', was based on a shallow understanding of what has happened to the major parties in New South WalesY

Tables 1 and 2a suggest that the opinion polls showing a clear Labor lead in the capital were accurate. Labor's 45.2 per cent was 13.1 per cent ahead of the Liberal Party, while in the provincial areas the gap was a massive 25.7 per cent. All but four ofLabor's Assembly

5 New South Wales Election 1999

seats were won in the conurbation running from Newcastle through Sydney to the lllawarra, and bordered by the Blue Mountains.

The seats that 'changed hands' (based on notional allocation following the redistribution) were as follows:

Liberal losses to ALP Georges River, Maitland, Menai, Miranda, Ryde, South Coast, Strathfield Liberal loss to NP Burrinjuck National losses to ALP Murray-Darling, Tweed Nationallosses to Independent Dubbo, Northern Tablelands

Although Labor's vote remained static, its main rivals did not fare as well. The Liberal Party's 24.8 per cent (-8.0%) was the party's lowest New South Wales vote since its formation, even lower than its 27 per cent in the first Wran re-election (1978). Proportionally, its 20 seats (21 % of the Assembly) was its fourth-worst effort on record. The National Party's 8.9 per cent of primaries (-2.2%) was its third-lowest effort since the 1920s, but its 13 seats out of a total of 93 (14%) was not markedly out of alignment with previous years-it held 17 per cent of seats after the previous election. The total Coalition vote (33.7%) was a great deal less than its 49.1 per cent in 1968, or its 49.5 per cent in 1988.

The combined major party vote declined to 75.9 per cent, a drop of 9.3 per cent on the 1995 result, the poorest such figure since the collapse of the United Australia Party prior to the 1944 election. The 1976 major party vote of 96.1 per cent was but a distant memory: The 1999 figure reflected recent voter shifts elsewhere in Australian elections.14 Between them, the Greens, Australian Democrats and Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party (PHON) gained nearly 15 per cent of the vote. Lesser groups and independents also ate into the major party vote, securing nearly 10 per cent. Independent MLAs retained Bligh and Tamworth and independent candidates won Northern Tablelands, Dubbo and Manly, the last of which had been held by an independent.

The PHON vote of 7.5 per cent was lower than the party's New South Wales vote of 9 per cent in the 1998 Commonwealth election, and well behind the 22.7 per cent gained in the Queensland election. Despite this, all three elections have indicated that there might be a core PHON vote in some rural areas. In Barwon, Bega, Dubbo, Murray-Darling and Oxley, for instance, the party's vote ranged between 13.0 and 20.5 per cent. The rural PHON vote seems to be higher north and north-west of Sydney than elsewhere in the State. There might also be a core PHON support in some seats on the fringe of urban areas, that was seen in Cessnock, Charlestown, Port Stephens, Swansea and Wallsend, where the vote ranged from 10.2 to 16.1 per cent. If the next Commonwealth election is close, PHON preferences may well be very important in a significant number of Queensland and New South Wales seats.

6 New South Wales Election 1999

Electorates of interest

Albury

It is rare that a local issue becomes a possible factor in a national election, but the controversial question of the proposed Albury by-pass featored in the 1998 Commonwealth election. National leader, Tim Fischer, bore the brunt of local unhappiness over this issue in his seat ofFarrer, suffering a reduction in his fIrst preference vote of 13.4 per cent. This issue was still of importance in the New South Wales election, with independent candidate, Claire Douglas, campaigning on this issue against the Liberals' Ian Glachen. Douglas won over one-third of fIrst preferences, but despite appearing to have won on election night, lost the seat on preferences by 687 votes.

Bathurst

Bathurst was the Government's most marginal seat, with a margin of just 0.6 per cent. With the sitting member not contesting the seat, the National Party believed it had a good chance of victory. Despite Labor's generally mediocre rural vote, Gerard Martin enjoyed an increase in primary votes of 5.7 per cent, and won on fIrst preferences (51.0 per cent).

Burrinjuck

The seat of Burrinjuck was held for the ALP by the Sheehans, father and son, from 1950 until 1988, when it was won for the Liberals by Alby Schultz. With Schultz elected to the House of Representatives in October 1998, Burrinjuck became a battle between the three major parties, with Gloria Schultz attempting to replace her husband. Despite trailing Labor's Michael McManus by 7.6 per cent on first preferences, Katrina Hodgkinson (NP) eventually won by 817 votes. Schultz gained a vote of 16.7 per cent.

Clarence

Former MHR for Page (1990-6) and Labor's Minister for Rural Affairs, Harry Woods, won the usually safe National Party seat of Clarence in a surprise 1996 by-election victory. The general press consensus seemed to be that the Nationals would regain the seat in 1999, and so it appeared during much of the count. At the end of counting, however, Woods (36.9% of first preferences) defeated Grafton councillor, Steve Cansdell (25.4%), by just 143 votes.

Dubbo

Dubbo was supposed to be the eighth-safest Opposition seat. Held by the Nationals' Gerry Peacocke since 1981, it was not the type of seat expected to fall. With Peacocke's

7 New South Wales Election 1999

resignation, Tony McGrane, Mayor of Dubbo for the previous eight years, temporarily stood down from office to nominate as an independent candidate, one of three high-profile mayors to contest seats in the election. After a re-count, McGrane won the seat by just 14 votes, the closest result in the State.

Georges River

Opposition spokesperson on the environment, Marie Ficarra, was one of three Liberal front-benchers to lose their seats. She had been a member of the Legislative Assembly since 1995, but suffered in the 1998 redistribution when her 1995 margin of 8 per cent was trimmed to the point where a swing of two per cent would see her defeated. Georges River thus became the third most marginal Opposition seat. In an election where Labor performed best in Sydney seats, it came as no surprise that Ficarra was swept away by a two-party preferred swing against her of 8.3 per cent.

Gosford

Gosford was one of the key seats that the Neville Wran-Ied Labor Party won in 1976 when the party returned after 11 years in the political wilderness. The seat has been held by the Liberal Party's Chris Hartcher since the Coalition victory in 1988. On this occasion, Hartcher was challenged by Barry Cohen, the 63-year-old former Labor member for the Commonwealth seat of Robertson (1969-90). Cohen had the reputation of being an excellent campaigner, but on this occasion his swing of 3.2 per cent was not enough to overcome Hartcher's cushion of 5.5 per cent.

Maitland

Peter Blackmore held the Coalition's most marginal seat, where a swing of less than one per cent would see him lose to Labor's John Price. Alert to the unpopularity of electricity privatisation in an electorate where many of the State's power workers resided, Blackmore had stated that he could not support privatisation legislation, were his party to move in that direction. Blackmore limited the swing to just 1.9 per cent, but lost his seat after a tense period of counting, by a margin of 755 votes.

Manly

After a long history as a solid non-Labor seat, Manly broke the mould with the election of an independent in 1962. The seat reverted to the Liberals in 1968, went to Labor ten years later, back to the Liberals in 1984 and to another independent, Peter Macdonald, in 1991. With the retirement of Macdonald, this was seen as a Liberal must-win seat if Labor was to be turned out of office. The Opposition attempted to make this certain with a promise to construct a tunnel under the Spit Bridge. The McDonald-supported independent, David

8 New South Wales Election 1999

Barr (30.2%), trailed Liberal candidate Darren Jones by 8.5 per cent on first preferences, but after the distribution ofpreferences won by 145 votes.

Miranda

Ron Phillips, Liberal deputy leader and treasury spokesman, first won Miranda in 1984. He held the re-shaped electorate by a notional margin of 5.3 per cent after the redistribution. Media reports spoke of his having antagonised some voters over his role in the pre-selection battle for the federal seat of Cook, which ousted Stephen Mutch for Bruce Baird, but Phillips' future seemed assured. Despite this, Labor's Barry Collier led him on first preferences by 2.3 per cent, and won comfortably after the allocation of preferences with a vote of 52.3 per cent.

Monaro Monaro is a rural seat with an important urban segment in the city of Queanbeyan. Held by Labor during the Wran years, the National Party's Peter Cochran had turned it into a very safe Coalition seat, which required a swing of 16.3 per cent to fall to Labor. Following Cochran's resignation, Monaro was contested by the three major parties, PHON, the Greens and the high-profile mayor of Queanbeyan as an independent. The presence of Liberal and PHON candidates stripped the National first preference vote by 35.7 per cent, leaving Peter Webb trailing Labor's John Durst by 9.3 per cent. After a tense count, Webb won the seat by just 128 votes.

Northern Tablelands

This very safe National seat had a 14.6 per cent cushion against a swing to Labor. The Nationals lost the seat, however, when their first preference vote fell by 18.7 per cent, with voters turning to Richard Torbay, three-term mayor of Armidale and foundation member of the Country Summit Alliance (see below).

Ryde The Liberal seat of Ermington held by Opposition transport spokesman, Michael Photios, and the Labor seat of Gladesville, held by John Watkins, were abolished in the redistribution. Both MLAs nominated for the new seat of Ryde, made up of voters from those two electorates as well as over 12,000 from Eastwood. Muddying the waters for Photios was the independent candidacy of former Liberal MLA for Gladesville (1988-95), Ivan Petch. Described as 'probably the best homeground campaigner in the business',!5 Photios was, nonetheless, defeated comfortably, barely winning one-third of the vote to his opponent's 44.1 per cent. Despite Liberal claims that the Petch campaign (8.5%) brought

9 New South Wales Election 1999

about their defeat, the combined Photios-Petch first preference tally was still two per cent behind the Labor vote.

Strathfield

Modem-day redistributions have the tendency to treat some sitting members quite roughly. Minister for Police Paul Whelan, MLA for Ashfield since 1976, found his seat abolished in the 1998 redistribution. Whelan unsuccessfully sought a safe seat, with his party effectively leaving him with little choice but to challenge Bruce MacCarthy in the Liberal seat of Strathfield, a seat which required a swing of 2.7 per cent. Reportedly pessimistic about his chances, Whelan campaigned vigorously, and won comfortably after leading his opponent by over II per cent on first preferences.

Tamworth

Tony Windsor has held this seat as an independent MLA since 1991. In this election his 69.4 per cent of first preferences was the highest in the State, and his after-preference vote was a remarkable 85.2 per cent.

Tweed

Tweed was the re-named seat of Murwillumbah. With a notional margin of 2.2 per cent it was the Nationals' most marginal seat.The sitting member, Don Beck, had been MLA for Byron (1984-8), and Murwillumbah since 1988. The Labor Party had tried hard to defeat him in the past, but he had withstood each challenge. In 1999, Labor was represented by Neville Newell, MHR for Richmond from 1990, when he had defeated National's federal leader, Charles Blunt, until his defeat in 1996. That unexpected victory was regarded as a measure of how much this former solid National region had altered, with the influx of many new residents. This presumably aided Newell on this occasion, as he led the sitting member by 3.5 per cent on first preferences and 2.6 per cent at the end of counting.

Legislative Council

The Legislative Council election proved to be the most controversial since the first general election held in 1981. New South Wales upper house elections are conducted with the State used as a single electorate-as in Senate elections. When the Single Transferable Vote method of proportional representation is used, the larger the number of members of parliament to be elected from the single electorate, the easier it is for minor party and independent candidates to gain election. In half-Senate elections where six are to be elected, a candidate needs a quota of 14.3 per cent of first and later preferences to be

10 New South Wales Election 1999

elected; by contrast, in this election with 21 to be elected, a candidate needed just 4.5 per cent.

It was clear that many in the community had grasped the possibility that this created. With a total of only 30 candidates being run by the Labor, Liberal and National parties, 233 non-major party candidates nominated, creating the so-called 'tablecloth' ballot paper. While it is presumably the case that some candidates seriously sought election, it is also clear that many took the opportunity to use the election to gain publicity for their cause. Parties such as the Euthanasia Referendum Party, People Against Paedophiles, the No Badgerys Creek Airport Party and the Timbarra Clean Water Party were examples of groups using the occasion to put themselves before a State-wide audience. Others effectively ridiculed the whole exercise, forming groups with names that included the What's Doing? Party, the Three Day Weekend Party or Make Billionaires Pay More Tax!

With so many names on the ballot paper, and with the combined major party vote likely to be less than the Legislative Assembly return, it was clear that the major parties would fall well short of winning all Legislative Council seats. In the event, less than two-thirds of the . vote (64.7 per cent) was cast for major party candidates, 11.2 per cent less than in the lower house election. Labor's vote of 37.3 per cent (+2 per cent) won it 8 seats and the LiberalJNational ticket, which received a vote of 27.4 (-11.1 per cent) gamered 6 seats. The remaining seven were divided between familiar and unfamiliar parties and groups. Of the former, Pauline Hanson's One Nation, the Australian Democrats, the Christian Democratic Party (Fred Nile Group) and The Greens all won a seat. The new parliamentary players included Reform the Legal System (whose 1 per cent may have been donkey-vote-dominated, the result of being on the left-hand end of the ballot paper), the Unity Party ('dedicated to maintaining and enhancing an Australia that is truly multiculturaI'16), and the Outdoor Recreation Party. The controversial PHON leader, David Oldfield, was third MLC elected, on a party vote of 6.3 per cent (2.3 more than the Democrats), but with few preferences flowing to the party PHON was unable to gain a second seat. The last MLC to be elected was the veteran, Fred Nile, of the Christian Democratic Party who had been fIrst elected in 1981.

John Tingle-The Shooters Party, and A Better Future for Our Children, which were already represented in the Legislative Council, missed out on a second seat. The Tingle group received the seventh highest total of votes (1.7%) but did not receive enough preferences from other groups and parties to win a seat. The independent MLA for Tamworth, Tony Windsor, had played a key role in the creation of the Country Summit Alliance, a rural-based group seeking 'equity with the city'. Windsor spoke of the Alliance distributing 800,000 Legislative Council how-to-vote cards, and predicted that it would win 2-4 seats, but its nine-member ticket failed to secure even a single per cent of the vote, and no seats were won. 17 The convenor of Republic 2001/People First, Glenn Druery, gained publicity for his efforts to tie up the preferences of a large number of the tiny groups, leading David Nason of the Australian to write admiringly of his 'mastery of the political numbers game', which made Druery's election 'seemingly a formality'. The

11 New South Wales Election 1999

group's 3,076 votes (0.09%) suggested that Mr Druery forgot about the need to campaign for enough first preferences to make the securing of second preferences a relevant factor in the outcome. I8

The Government thus had 16 of the 42 MLCs, 6 short of a majority, with the Coalition holding 13 seats, 9 of these held by the Liberal Party. The presence in the Legislative Council of Richard Jones (Ind), two Greens, an Australian Democrat, the Reform the Legal System, and A Better Future For Our Children possibly makes the Government's task of getting its legislation through the upper house slightly easier than in the previous parliament (see Table 7).

In the days after the Legislative Council election, there were criticisms made of 'parties' being able to win a seat on a miniscule vote.

Percentages for parties winning Legislative Council seats

Party % ALP 37.3 LINP 27.4 PHON 6.3 AD 4.0 Christian Democratic Party (Fred Nile Group) 3.2 The Greens 2.9 Reform the Legal System 1.0 Unity 1.0 Outdoor Recreation Party 0.2

There has been discussion about altering the electoral arrangements to make it much harder for such non-major party candidates to gain seats. Achieving such an outcome will be difficult. Although the three major parties have the numbers to push such legislation through the Parliament if they choose to combine forces, there would then have to be a referendum voted on by all electors. The result of such a referendum might depend upon how controversial the Legislative Council had been in the meantime.

12 New South Wales Election 1999

The verdict

The Government

It has been noted of State politics that if strong governments appear to be in control of events, and if they appear more competent than their rivals, then they can often dig in for long periods. 19 This can be seen in New South Wales, which has had only four changes of government since 1941, and where governments have been able to entrench themselves: Labor from 1941 to 1965, the Coalition from 1965 to 1976 and Labor from 1976 to 1988. In addition, Labor has had a long-term edge over the Coalition, winning 14 of 20 elections since 1941. During that period, strong leadership from Premiers such as McKell (1941­ 47), Cahill (1951-9) and Wran (1976-86), which emphasised 'political astuteness and pragmatism', has made Labor Governments very difficult to defeat.2o

This type of analysis also seems to help explain the Carr Government's return to power. The comfortable lead in the polls that Labor enjoyed throughout the campaign period,21 suggests that the Sydney Morning Herald may have been close to the mark, when suggesting that the Premier retained his position, 'because of his Government's first-term record of generally competent management of the affairs of the State,.22 Mike Steketee of the Weekend Australian described the Government as politically surefooted, being 'never loath to reverse an unpopular decision or argue that what was white last week was now black'. An important illustration of this had been the change of mind over the issue of privatisation of electricity production, a controversial proposal which had initially been favoured by both the Premier and the Treasurer.23 Hugh Mackay has also noted that survey .. evidence suggested that many Sydney (as distinct from rural) voters were satisfied with the Government's performance: 'Sydney's buzzing, and that's good news for incumbent governments, both here [in New South Wales] and in Canberra'.24

The Coalition

Despite both new leaders talking about new directions and a revived sense of purpose for their parties, it is likely that the changes to the leadership simply sigualled to voters a general unhappiness in Coalition ranks. Mackay suggested that the changes simply made each new leader look like a 'backstabber', and that they sent voters the message that the parties were desperate: 'When the Coalition parties changed the leaders of both their parties, they cut their own throats'.25 In early 1999 the poll position had been close enough for Malcolm Mackerras to wonder if the parliamentary balance of power would be held by two independents. In less than two months, however, there was poll evidence of a growing voter resistance to the appeals of the Liberal leader. On March 2, for instance, the Sydney Morning Herald reported poll findings that gave Chikarovski an approval rating ofjust 28

13 New South Wales Election 1999

per cent, a figure only one per cent higher than Peter Collins' lowest reading. The poll also suggested an increase in her disapproval rating by 17 per cent to 42 per cent.26

The Liberal leader had made heavy weather of some announcements. She was criticised for her threat made to the Governor of a forced return to living in Government House and her uncertainty over the details of the party's electricity privatisation policy seemed to suggest a lack of preparation. The Liberal Party was forced to remove five advertisements through errors and misstatements contained within them, further suggesting a party that was unprepared for the election battle, despite having known the election date, a point made by the Bulletin's Laurie Oakes. 27 This was a view held by the Prime Minister, who attributed his party's poor performance in his home State to the fact that the former leader and his front bench team had been 'out to lunch', when they should have been hard at work in the preparation of policy. 28

Liberal views of the final result were varied. Remo Nogarotto spoke of the 'phenomenal' Chikarovski campaign, and the Prime Minister now spoke of the Liberal organisation having 'performed magnificently', yet Andrew Fraser MLA (NP) believed the leadership changes to have been fatal for the Coalition's chances. Most spectacularly, the Victorian Premier Kennett criticised the campaign and the change of leadership and suggested that both Chikarovski and Nogarotto should lose their positions.29

In May 1999 the Liberal Party announced a six week inquiry by federal director, Lynton Crosby, into the reasons for the party's defeat.

Three-cornered contests

Various National Party members complained about the deleterious impact upon the Coalition campaign of three-cornered contests, once a staple part of Coalition campaigning, but much less reliable with the optional preferential voting method in use in New South Wales (and Queensland).3o In this election there were seven cases. In the seats of Bathurst, where Labor won on first preferences, The Entrance, where the National vote was so low (9.5%) as to not be a factor, and Lismore, where Labor was well behind on first preferences, the three-cornered contest did not develop as the theory would suggest.

In Burrinjuck and Monaro, Labor was well ahead on first preferences and the Coalition votes (and others) helped pull the National candidate over the line. Although the three­ cornered contest tactic was thus successful, it is certainly arguable that the National margin was much closer than it might have been had just the one Coalition candidate been standing. In Wagga Wagga the three-cornered contest worked perfectly. Labor topped the poll (26.3%) but the Liberal (25.4%) and National (22.9%) exchange of preferences produced a comfortable Liberal victory.

14 New South Wales Election 1999

It was in Clarence, that National Party criticisms had most validity, for Minister Woods almost certainly retainedthe seat because of the three-cornered nature of the contest. The Liberal, Bill Day, had 7,794 votes before his exclusion, 7,004 of which had been Liberal first preferences. Of the 7,794 votes to be transferred, 2,358 (30.3%) exhausted.31 If there had been just a single Coalition candidate, a clear majority of Liberal first preferences would have gone to the National Party candidate, Steve Cansdell. As Woods won by just 143 votes after the distribution of preferences, it is highly likely that the contest between Coalition partuers was crucial in accounting for the result.

The future

Although the Labor vote was not particularly high (see Table 1), the party is well-placed as a result of the 1999 election, particularly as it dominates the all-important Sydney voting area. Thirty-four of its 55 seats are in the capital and these are buttressed by safe seats in the lllawarra, Newcastle and Central Coast regions. In 2003, a loss of 9 seats would see Labor lose control of the Assembly but this would leave the balance of power in the hands of independents. The Liberal and National Parties would only be certain of controlling the lower house in the following circumstances:

• If all independents retained their seats, 14 seats would need to be taken from Labor. This would require a two-party preferred vote in the 14 most marginal Labor seats of up to 9.7 per cent;

• Ifone independent seat was won, 13 seats would need to be taken from Labor. This would require a two-party preferred vote in the 13 most marginal Labor seats of up to 9.4 per cent;

• If two independent seats were won, 12 seats would need to be taken from Labor. This would require a two-party preferred vote in the 12 most marginal Labor seats ofup to 8.4 per cent;

• If three independent seats were won, 11 seats would need to be taken from Labor. This would require a two-party preferred vote in the 11 most,marginal Labor seats ofup to 7.9 per cent;

• If four independent seats were won, 10 seats would need to be taken from Labor. This would require a two-party preferred vote in the 10 most marginal Labor seats of up to 7.5 per cent;

• If all five independent seats were won, 9 seats would need to be taken from Labor. This would require a two-party preferred vote in the 9 most marginal Labor seats of up to 6.6 per cent. This would also require, however, a massive increase in the National Party vote in Tamworth, an eventuality that would seem likely only in the absence ofTony Windsor.

15 New South Wales Election 1999

In the election of 1978 the Coalition vote dropped by 9.4 per cent, while ten years later the Labor vote fell 10.3 per cent, so the shaking-loose of sufficient Labor votes over the next four years is not an impossible target. A steady performance by the second Carr Government would, however, make it very difficult to achieve.

The Liberal Party's position is on a par with its poor performances of 1978 and 1981. Thirteen of its 20 seats are in Sydney, with eleven of those on Sydney's north shore. Outside of the capital it holds Bega, Wagga Wagga and Albury, plus a few seats on the fringe of Sydney.

Country New South Wales is still dominated by the National Party, which holds 13 of 25 rural seats, with Dubbo and Clarence almost within its grasp. Its vote of 8.9 per cent is a reminder of the poor 7.9 per cent the party gained in New South Wales in the 1998 Commonwealth election, and must continue to be of concern to party members. Some voices, including former leader, Ian Armstrong, have called for the party to leave the Coalition, but George Souris has withstood such pressure for the time being.32

Endnotes

1. All notional margins in this paper are from Antony Green, 1997/98 NSW Redistribution: Analysis of Final Boundaries, NSW Parliamentary Library Research Service, Background Paper No. 4/98. 2. Don Aitkin, Stability and change in Australian politics, Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1977. 3. Scott Bennett, Affairs of State: Politics in the Australian States and Territories, Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1992, p. 191. 4. Australian, 15 February 1999. 5. Scott Bennett, 'Parties and elections', in Brian Galligan (ed), Australian State Politics, Longman Cheshire, Melbourne, 1986, p. 221. 6. Australian, 25 March 1999. 7. Sydney Morning Herald, 26 March 1999. 8. Australian, 26 March 1999. 9. Canberra Times, 8 March 1999; Weekend Australian, 30-31 January 1999; Australian, 25 March 1999; Daily Telegraph, 23 January 1999. 10. Sydney Morning Herald, Australian, 29 March 1999. 11. 'A large late swing against the Carr Government has set the stage for a tight contest in today's NSW election', Mike Steketee in Weekend Australian, 27-28 March 1999.

16 New South Wales Election 1999

12. Sydney Morning Herald, 26 March 1999; Weekend Australian, 27-28 March 1999. 13. Sydney Morning Herald, 29 March 1999. 14. Scott Bennett, 'The Decline in Support for the Major Parties and the Prospect of Minority Government', Research Paper No. 10, Department of the Parliamentary Library, Information and Research Services, 1998-99. 15. Sydney Morning Herald, 26 March 1999. 16. http://www.edoz.com.au/unitynsw/ 17. Weekend Australian, 12-13 December 1998, Sydney Morning Herald, 2 March 1999. 18. Australian, 19 March 1999. 19. Bennett, 'Parties and elections', p. 220. 20 See David Clune, The New South Wales State Election 1953, New South Wales Parliamentary Library and Department of Government, University ofSydney, [19961], p. 27. 21. This was almost total. The only exception was a particular Newspoll finding which suggested a four point Coalition lead in January-February. This was so much out of kilter with other polls that it probably can be discounted, see Australian, 24 February 1999. 22. Sydney Morning Herald, 29, 30 March 1999. 23. Weekend Australian, 27-28 March 1999. 24. Sydney Morning Herald, 30 March 1999. 25. ibid. .. 26. Malcolm Mackerras, 'Power pivots on Independent pair', Australian, 2 February 1999; Sydney Morning Herald, 2 March 1999. 27. Laurie Oakes, 'Blonde ambition', Bulletin, 30 March 1999, p. 49. 28. Weekend Australian, 3-4 April 1999. 29. Sydney Morning Herald, 29 March 1999. 30. For three-cornered contests, see Scott Bennett, Winning and Losing: Australian National Elections, Melbourne, Melbourne University Press, 1996, pp. 51-3. 31. When optional preferential voting is used, ballot papers with no second (or later) preferences are set aside as 'exhausted' votes, or in other words, the votes 'exhaust', 32. Sydney Morning Herald, 29 March 1999.

17 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 1: Legislative Assembly, State Summary Seats First Preference Votes Swing Candidates Won Number Per cent % Australian Labor Party 93 .55 1575858 42.18 +0.92 Liberal Party 77 20 927368 24.82 -8.02 National Party 23 13 331343 8.87 -2.23 Pauline Hanson's One Nation 88 281 147 7.53 +7.53 The Greens 81 144 894 3.88 +1.31 Australian Democrats 75 124529 3.33 +0.48 Christian Democratic Party 42 55813 1.49 +0.05 Unity 28 39562 1.06 +1.06 Australians Against Further Immigration 63 34594 0.93 -0.18 Earthsave 14 6391 0.17 +0.17 Re-elect Ivan Petch I 3494 0.09 +0.09 Citizens Electoral Councils 12 3416 0.09 +0.09 Democratic Socialists 10 3404 0.09 +0.02 Outdoor Recreation Party 9 3347 0.09 +0.09 Non-Custodial Parents Party 20 2700 0.07 +0.07 No Badgerys Creek Airport I I 196 0.03 +0.03 Gun Owners and Sporting Hunters 2 885 0.02 +0.02 Timbarra Clean Waters Party 4 887 0.02 +0.02 Euthanasia Referendum Party 3 774 0.02 +0.02 Communist Party I 549 0.01 +0.01 Natural Law Party 5 508 0.01 :0.20 Republic 2001 Party I 450 0.01 +0.01 Socialist Equity Party 2 402 0.01 +0.01 People First 3 387 0.01 +0.01 Peoples Voice I 248 0.01 +0.01 Iodependents 73 5 190933 5.11 -1.46

Formal Votes 3736079 97.49 +2.64 Ioformal Votes 96044 2.51 -2.64 TumoutITotai Votes 732 93 3832123 93.10 -0.70 Enrolled 4116059

18 New South Wales Election 1999 Table2a: Legislative Assembly, District Summary First Preference Votes, Number District ALP LP NP PHON AD Others Formal Infonnal Turnout Enrolled Albury 6703 16374 1731 13272 38080 583 38663 41571 Auburn 24207 8031 2536 1148 4768 40690 1581 42271 45150 Ballina 11071 20391 1675 5795 38932 805 39737 43298 Bankstown 26519 5755 2327 751 3609 38961 1840 40801 44744 Barwon 9554 19994 7988 1085 415 39036 669 39705 43149 Bathurst 20375 5394 6018 3020 660 4476 39943 799 40742 42729 Baulkham Hills 13206 19737 1825 2861 3551 41180 1016 42196 44571 Bega 12562 18253 5200 1751 2150 39916 678 40594 43473 Blacktown 22714 8260 3953 3178 3392 41497 1497 42994 45799 Bligh 12153 8140 17771 38064 883 38947 45282 Blue Mountains 18474 11464 2777 2944 5479 41138 702 41840 44625 Burrinjuck 14580 6589 11574 4523 657 1694 39617 672 40289 42787 Cabramatta 18859 3141 1954 505 13820 38279 1652 39931 43295 Camden 15888 18566 3809 4204 42467 1067 43534 46153 Campbelltown 21414 8353 3630 1639 4066 39102 1133 40235 43012 Canterbury 22302 6686 1114 1137 8217 39456 1783 41239 44741 Cessnock 21966 6003 6462 5809 40240 760 41000 43239 Charlestown 22300 9078 4157 5211 40746 878 41624 43689 Clarence 14524 7004 10019 4263 518 3074 39402 594 39996 42363 Coffs Harbour 11970 18043 4409 2361 2359 39142 692 39834 42709 Coogee 18901 12498 910 2180 3781 38270 761 39031 43492 Cronulla 14123 18160 3057 1148 3936 40424 892 41316 44412 Davidson 8583 23394 1531 2424 4657 40589 837 41426 44616 Drummoyne 19253 13475 1679 1806 5088 41301 1325 42626 45476 Dubbo 8016 12597 7166 593 11201 39573 756 40329 42678 East Hills 20146 7926 4369 1003 7463 40907 1444 42351 44795 Epping 11937 17862 1274 2638 6805 40516 660 41176 44490 Fairfield 23362 5629 2929 662 6308 38890 1911 40801 43865 Georges River 19548 15285 2193 4450 41476 972 42448 45286 Gosford 16720 18136 2172 1413 3301 41742 824 42566 45985 Granville 22330 11631 3599 2103 39663 1489 41152 44216 Hawkesbury 10058 19202 3777 1914 5556 40507 938 41445 44233 Heathcote 19274 12401 3400 1379 4666 41120 784 41904 44122 Heffron 23492 7205 1615 1476 3282 37070 1440 38510 42157 Hornsby 13966 16976 1679 2012 6682 41315 982 42297 45519 Illawarra 20370 6492 3576 2017 7674 40129 1160 41289 43600 Keira 18293 4527 2678 14783 40281 866 41147 43750 Kiama 20236 8936 3765 1363 6637 40937 1018 41955 44281 Kogarah 19628 14226 1752 5302 40908 1308 42216 45576 Ku-ring-gai 8241 22708 1416 3769 4181 40315 710 41025 44417 Lachlan 11385 22798 5383 1124 689 41379 854 42233 44521 Lake Macquarie 22821 9333 5073 4412 41639 898 42537 45039 Lakemba 24457 6588 1487 1181 4975 38688 1463 40151 43470 Lane Cove 12911 19896 1092 3665 2417 39981 958 40939 44607 Lismore 10779 5260 15238 1270 6360 38907 725 39632 42271 Liverpool 26754 6773 3546 2878 39951 1682 41633 45093 Londonderry 19369 9877 4406 1305 4570 39527 1494 41021 44248 Macquarie Fields 25223 8512 3660 1226 2120 40741 1361 42102 45578 Maitland 18563 17729 3452 766 2769 43279 619 43898 45716

19 New South Wales Election 1999 Table2a: Legislative Assembly, District Summary First Preference Votes, Number continued District ALP LP NP PHON AD Others Formal Informal Turnout Eorolled Manly 6705 15424 1595 1004 15078 39806 869 40675 44004 Maroubra 23393 9523 1926 1292 3312 39446 1187 40633 44129 Manickville 21311 5351 1661 3425 7884 39632 1370 41002 45834 Meoai 18048 15434 3360 1216 3689 41747 1242 42989 45574 Miranda 16996 16099 2842 1460 2232 39629 805 40434 42842 Monaro 12076 7521 8477 2855 7195 38124 885 39009 42227 Mount Druitt 23820 6399 3458 1517 4736 39930 1467 41397 44532 Mu1goa 21413 9772 3569 1282 4267 40303 1555 41858 44706 Murray-Darling 16781 13790 6238 792 387 37988 727 38715 42706 Murrumbidgee 13225 22024 3378 1546 271 40444 875 41319 45059 Myall Lakes 11922 20841 5522 2308 40593 701 41294 43712 Newcastle 21644 8208 3468 1802 5645 40767 1101 41868 45039 North Shure 10888 20994 867 3121 3089 38959 686 39645 44665 Northern Tablelands 3598 13381 2770 1092 18408 39249 509 39758 42355 Orange 12878 16566 5036 1059 4326 39865 824 40689 42982 Oxley 9548 14187 7366 1089 6918 39108 770 39878 42546 Parramatta 21466 12023 1953 1280 3291 40013 1094 41107 45193 Peats 20451 12803 2767 1598 3324 40943 1040 41983 44549 Penrith 21467 10154 3523 933 4259 40336 1243 41579 44323 Pittwater 7938 20918 1955 4719 4677 40207 897 41104 44626 Port Jackson 21582 7359 735 2993 7403 40072 1390 41462 46377 Port Macquarie 10815 22471 4832 1976 40094 636 40730 43060 Port Stephens 18415 9650 5247 1345 5689 40346 932 41278 43840 Riverstone 23148 10779 3964 1908 2360 42159 1216 43375 46132 Rockdale 22258 11003 2185 1087 3299 39832 1629 41461 44815 Ryde 18169 13853 1023 1551 6624 41220 1151 42371 45383 Smithfield 25276 8924 2352 956 3036 40544 1483 42027 44952 South Coast 16543 16425 4274 3943 41185 757 41942 44769 Southern Highlands 13527 17614 4055 1225 3272 39693 833 40526 43149 Strathfield 18386 13623 1365 1800 5883 41057 1277 42334 46002 Swansea 21152 9712 5469 1671 3338 41342 922 42264 44451 Tamworth 5029 4701 2718 28182 40630 520 41150 43606 The Entrance 19526 11404 3909 2861 1167 2410 41277 936 42213 44841 The Hills 10876 21954 1606 2963 5597 42996 974 43970 47272 Tweed 17713 16315 945 5132 40105 834 40939 44768 Upper Hunter 12450 19307 5030 2491 39278 756 40034 42206 Vaucluse 10244 20271 791 2269 4102 37677 860 38537 43642 Wagga Wagga 10391 10032 9052 3147 1071 5864 39557 695 40252 43098 Wakehurst 11455 19278 2684 2583 3816 39816 1219 41035 44123 Wallsend 24424 8265 4878 4918 42485 1061 43546 45751 Wentworthville 21250 11071 2609 1132 4418 40480 1341 41821 44675 Willoughby 11262 20327 895 3048 4504 40036 954 40990 44775 Wollongong 24713 6153 2185 6372 39423 1368 40791 43467 Wyong 22606 11233 4004 1199 2731 41773 1038 42811 45414 Total 1576858 927368 331343 281147 124529 494834 3736079 96044 3832123 4116059 Regions Metropolitan 926169 657426 117437 84546 262174 2047752 61772 2109524 2280991 Provincial 352674 159476 13559 62806 19470 90502 698487 16123 714610 757276 Rural 298015 110466 317784 100904 20513 142158 989840 18149 1007989 1077792

20 New South Wales Election 1999 Table2b: Legislative Assembly, District Summary First Preference Votes, Per cent District ALP LP NP PHON AD Others Formal Infonnal Turnout Albury 17.6 43.0 4.5 34.9 98.5 1.5 93.0 Auburn 59.5 19.7 6.2 2.8 11.7 96.3 3.7 93.6 Balliua 28.4 52.4 4.3 14.9 98.0 2.0 91.8 Bankstown 68.1 14.8 6.0 1.9 9.3 95.5 4.5 91.2 Barwon 24.5 51.2 20.5 2.8 1.1 98.3 1.7 92.0 Bathurst 51.0 13.5 15.1 7.6 1.7 11.2 98.0 2.0 95.3 Baulkham Hills 32.1 47.9 4.4 6.9 8.6 97.6 2.4 94.7 Bega 31.5 45.7 13.0 4.4 5.4 98.3 1.7 93.4 Blacktown 54.7 19.9 9.5 7.7 8.2 96.5 3.5 93.9 Bligh 31.9 21.4 46.7 97.7 2.3 86.0 Blue Mountains 44.9 27.9 6.8 7.2 13.3 98.3 1.7 93.8 Burrinjuck 36.8 16.6 29.2 11.4 1.7 4.3 98.3 1.7 94.2 Cabramatta 49.3 8.2 5.1 1.3 36.1 95.9 4.1 92.2 Camden 37.4 43.7 9.0 9.9 97.5 2.5 94.3 Campbelltown 54.8 21.4 9.3 4.2 10.4 97.2 2.8 93.5 Canterbury 56.5 16.9 2.8 2.9 20.8 95.7 4.3 92.2 Cessnock 54.6 14.9 16.1 14.4 98.1 1.9 94.8 Charlestown 54.7 22.3 10.2 12.8 97.9 2.1 95.3 Clarence 36.9 17.8 25.4 10.8 1.3 7.8 98.5 1.5 94.4 Coffs Harbour 30.6 46.1 11.3 6.0 6.0 98.3 1.7 93.3 Coogee 49.4 32.7 2.4 5.7 9.9 98.1 1.9 89.7 Cronulla 34.9 44.9 7.6 2.8 9.7 97.8 2.2 93.0 Davidson 21.1 57.6 3.8 6.0 11.5 98.0 2.0 92.9 Drummoyne 46.6 32.6 4.1 4.4 12.3 96.9 3.1 93.7 Dubbo 20.3 31.8 18.1 1.5 28.3 98.1 1.9 94.5 East Hills 49.2 19.4 10.7 2.5 18.2 96.6 3.4 94.5 Epping 29.5 44.1 3.1 6.5 16.8 98.4 1.6 92.6 Fairfield 60.1 14.5 7.5 1.7 16.2 95.3 4.7 93.0 Georges River 47.1 36.9 5.3 10.7 97.7 2.3 93.7 Gosford 40.1 43.4 5.2 3.4 7.9 98.1 1.9 92.6 Granville 56.3 29.3 9.1 5.3 96.4 3.6 93.1 Hawkesbury 24.8 47.4 9.3 4.7 13.7 97.7 2.3 93.7 Heathcote 46.9 30.2 8.3 3.4 11.3 98.1 1.9 95.0 Heffron 63.4 19.4 4.4 4.0 8.9 96.3 3.7 91.3 Hornsby 33.8 41.1 4.1 4.9 16.2 97.7 2.3 92.9 lllawarra 50.8 16.2 8.9 5.0 19.1 97.2 2.8 94.7 Keira 45.4 11.2 6.6 36.7 97.9 2.1 94.1 Kiama 49.4 21.8 9.2 3.3 16.2 97.6 2.4 94.7 Kogarab 48.0 34.8 4.3 13.0 96.9 3.1 92.6 Ku-ring-gai 20.4 56.3 3.5 9.3 10.4 98.3 1.7 92.4 Lachlan 27.5 55.1 13.0 2.7 1.7 98.0 2.0 94.9 Lake Macquarie 54.8 22.4 12.2 10.6 97.9 2.1 94.4 Lakemba 63.2 17.0 3.8 3.1 12.9 96.4 3.6 92.4 Lane Cove 32.3 49.8 2.7 9.2 6.0 97.7 2.3 91.8 Lismore 27.7 13.5 39.2 3.3 16.3 98.2 1.8 93.8 Liverpool 67.0 17.0 8.9 7.2 96.0 4.0 92.3 Londonderry 49.0 25.0 11.1 3.3 11.6 96.4 3.6 92.7 Macquarie Fields 61.9 20~9 9.0 3.0 5.2 96.8 3.2 92.4 Maitland 42.9 41.0 8.0 1.8 6.4 98.6 1.4 96.0

21 New South Wales Election 1999 Table2b: Legislative Assembly, District Summary First Preference Votes, Per cent continued District ALP LP NP PHON AD Others Formal Informal Turnout Maoly 16.8 38.7 4.0 2.5 37.9 97.9 2.1 92.4 Maroubra 59.3 24.1 4.9 3.3 8.4 97.1 2.9 92.1 Manickville 53.8 13.5 4.2 8.6 19.9 96.7 3.3 89.5 Menai 43.2 37.0 8.0 2.9 8.8 97.1 2.9 94.3 Miranda 42.9 40.6 7.2 3.7 5.6 98.0 2.0 94.4 Monaro 31.7 19.7 22.2 7.5 18.9 97.7 2.3 92.4 Mount Droitt 59.7 16.0 8.7 3.8 11.9 96.5 3.5 93.0 Mu1goa 53.1 24.2 8.9 3.2 10.6 96.3 3.7 93.6 Murray-Darling 44.2 36.3 16.4 2.1 1.0 98.1 1.9 90.7 Murrumbidgee 32.7 54.5 8.4 3.8 0.7 97.9 2.1 91.7 Myall Lakes 29.4 51.3 13.6 5.7 98.3 1.7 94.5 Newcastle 53.1 20.1 8.5 4.4 13.8 97.4 2.6 93.0 North Shore 27.9 53.9 2.2 8.0 7.9 98.3 1.7 88.8 Northern Tablelands 9.2 34.1 7.1 2.8 46.9 98.7 1.3 93.9 Orange 32.3 41.6 12.6 2.7 10.9 98.0 2.0 94.7 Oxley 24.4 36.3 18.8 2.8 17.7 98.1 1.9 93.7 Parramatta 53.6 30.0 4.9 3.2 8.2 97.3 2.7 91.0 Peats 49.9 31.3 6.8 3.9 8.1 97.5 2.5 94.2 Penrith 53.2 25.2 8.7 2.3 10.6 97.0 3.0 93.8 Pittwater 19.7 52.0 4.9 11.7 11.6 97.8 2.2 92.1 Port Jackson 53.9 18.4 1.8 7.5 18.5 96.6 3.4 89.4 Port Macquarie 27.0 56.0 12.1 4.9 98.4 1.6 94.6 Port Stephens 45.6 23.9 13.0 3.3 14.1 97.7 2.3 94.2 Riverstone 54.9 25.6 9.4 4.5 5.6 97.2 2.8 94.0 Rockdale 55.9 27.6 5.5 2.7 8.3 96.1 3.9 92.5 Ryde 44.1 33.6 2.5 3.8 16.1 97.3 2.7 93.4 Smithfield 62.3 22.0 5.8 2.4 7.5 96.5 3.5 93.5 South Coast 40.2 39.9 10.4 9.6 98.2 1.8 93.7 Southern HigWands 34.1 44.4 10.2 3.1 8.2 97.9 2.1 93.9 Strathfield 44.8 33.2 3.3 4.4 14.3 97.0 3.0 92.0 Swansea 51.2 23.5 13.2 4.0 8.1 97.8 2.2 95.1 Tamworth 12.4 11.6 6.7 69.4 98.7 1.3 94.4 The Entrance 47.3 27.6 9.5 6.9 2.8 5.8 97.8 2.2 94.1 The Hills 25.3 51.1 3.7 6.9 13.0 97.8 2.2 93.0 Tweed 44.2 40.7 2.4 12.8 98.0 2.0 91.4 Upper Hunter 31.7 49.2 12.8 6.3 98.1 1.9 94.9 Vaucluse 27.2 53.8 2.1 6.0 10.9 97.8 2.2 88.3 WaggaWagga 26.3 25.4 22.9 8.0 2.7 14.8 98.3 1.7 93.4 Wakehurst 28.8 48.4 6.7 6.5 9.6 97.0 3.0 93.0 Wallsend 57.5 19.5 11.5 11.6 97.6 2.4 95.2 Wentworthville 52.5 27.3 6.4 2.8 10.9 96.8 3.2 93.6 Willoughby 28.1 50.8 2.2 7.6 11.2 97.7 2.3 91.5 Wollongong 62.7 15.6 5.5 16.2 96.6 3.4 93.8 Wyong 54.1 26.9 9.6 2.9 6.5 97.6 2.4 94.3 Total 42.2 24.8 8.9 7.5 3.3 13.2 97.5 2.5 93.1 Regions Metropolitan 45.2 32.1 5.7 4.1 12.8 97.1 2.9 92.5 Provincial 50.5 22.8 1.9 9.0 2.8 13.0 97.7 2.3 94.4 Rural 30.1 11.2 32.1 10.2 2.1 14.4 98.2 1.8 93.5

22 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 3: Legislative Assembly, District Summary Two Candidate Preferred Votes ALP LPINP Other District No % No % No % Albury 17913 51.0 17226 49.0 Auburn 27158 74.3 9409 25.7 Ballina 13347 38.0 21790 62.0 Bankstown 28637 80.2 7062 19.8 Barwon 10865 32.8 22224 67.2 Bathurst 22433 67.8 10630 32.2 Baulkham Hills 15439 41.9 21440· 58.1 Bega 15186 42.9 20251 57.1 Blacktown 24861 69.4 10987 30.6 Bligh 13215 40.2 19636 59.8 Blue Mountains 22623 61.8 13997 38.2 Burrinjuck 16343 48.8 17160 51.2 Cabramatta 21144 68.9 9555 31.1 Camden 17393 465 20006 535 Campbelltown 23153 69.9 9992 30.1 Canterbury 25871 75.2 8542 24.8 Cessnock 25813 72.6 9719 27A Charlestown 24802 69.3 10977 30.7 Clarence 16467 50.2 16324 49.8 Coffs Harbour 14129 41.7 19749 58.3 Coogee 22338 62.3 13539 37.7 Cronulla 16137 44.9 19785 55.1 Davidson 10502 28.9 25811 71.1 Drummoyne 22118 59A 15117 40.6 Dubbo 15344 50.0 15358 50.0 East Hills 22862 68.3 10610 31.7 Epping 15434 42.9 20512 57.1 Fairfield 25891 78.3 7163 21.7 Georges River 21559 56.3 16763 43.7 Gosford 18262 47.7 19984 52.3 Granville 23720 64.6 13011 35A Hawkesbury 12466 36.7 21510 63.3 Heathcote 21864 60A 14336 39.6 Heffron 25478 76.1 7998 23.9 Hornsby 17117 47.3 19065 52.7 Illawarra 22848 72.8 8554 27.2 Keira 19821 57.9 14390 42.1 Kiama 23048 67.7 10995 32.3 Kogarah 21381 575 15784 425 Ku-ring-gai 10826 30.0 25298 70.0 Lachlan 12680 33.7 24940 66.3 Lake Macquarie 25065 69.2 11134 30.8 Lakemba 26536 74.7 8998 25.3 Lane Cove 15846 42.6 21379 57A Lismore 13675 41.5 19293 585 Liverpool 28153 78.6 7666 21.4 Londonderry 21145 64.9 11436 35.1 Macquarie Fields 26705 735 9620 265 Maitland 20102 51.0 19347 49.0

23 New South Wales Election 1999

Table 3: Legislative Assembly, District Summary Two Candidate Preferred Votes ALP LPINP Other District No % No % No % Manly 16553 48.7 17408 51.3 Maroubra 25293 69.9 10867 30.1 Marrickville 23524 71.5 9394 28.5 Menai 20166 54.2 17044 45.8 Miranda 19002 52.3 17353 47.7 Monaro 15047 49.8 15175 50.2 Mount Druitt 26038 75.8 8322 24.2 Mulgoa 22993 67.6 11029 32.4 Murray-Darling 17765 54.2 15002 45.8 Murrnmbidgee 14269 38.0 23261 62.0 Myall Lakes 13314 37.1 22531 62.9 Newcastle 24925 72.4 9510 27.6 North Shore 13624 37.7 22495 62.3 Northern Tablelands 14482 40.6 21162 59.4 Orange 14765 43.7 19041 56.3 Oxley 12687 42.0 17503 58.0 Parramatta 23472 64.5 12915 35.5 Peats 22397 61.3 14114 38.7 Penrith 23235 66.7 11592 33.3 Pittwater 10523 31.2 23201 68.8 Port Jackson 25904 75.1 8567 24.9 Port Macquarie 11990 33.4 23919 66.6 Port Stephens 20495 62.3 12421 37.7 Riverstone 25188 67.2 12316 32.8 Rockdale 23930 66.5 12042 33.5 Ryde 20813 56.6 15961 43.4 Smithfield 26525 72.8 9916 27.2 South Coast 18651 50.5 18276 49.5 Southern Highlands 15289 44.3 19209 55.7 Strathfield 21387 58.4 15225 41.6 Swansea 23507 66.6 11803 33.4 Tamworth 5597 14.8 32288 85.2 The Entrance 21292 59.7 14365 40.3 The Hills 13300 35.3 24352 64.7 Tweed 19402 52.6 17500 47.4 Upper Hunter 13880 39.5 21250 60.5 Vaucluse 12903 37.5 21486 62.5 Wagga Wagga 13500 42.5 18297 57.5 Wakehurst 13713 39.2 21225 60.8 Wallsend 26380' 72.6 9957 27.4 Wentworthville 22631 65.4 11969 34.6 Willoughby 13965 38.9 21891 61.1 Wollongong 26996 78.7 7315 21.3 Wyong 24398 65.5 12873 34.5

24 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 4: Electoral Pendulum District Margin District Margin District Margin ALP Seals LPINPSeals Ind Seals

Bankstown 80.2 Davidson 71.1 Tamworth 85.2 Wollongong 78.7 Ku-ring-gai 70.0 Bligh 59.8 Liverpool 78.6 Pittwater 68.8 Northern Tablelands 59.4 Fairfield 78.3 Barwon (NP) 67.2 Manly 51.3 Heffron 76.1 Port Macquarie (NF) 66.6 Dubbo 50.0 Mount Droitt 75.8 Lachlan (NP) 66.3 Canterbury 75.2 The Hills 64.7 Port Jackson 75.1 Hawkesbury 63.3 Lakemba 74.7 Myall Lakes (NF) 62.9 Auburn 74.3 Vaucluse 62.5 Macquarie Fields 73.5 North Shore 62.3 Smithfield 72.8 Ballina (NP) 62.0 Illawarra 72.8 Murrumbidgee (NF) 62.0 Cessnock 72.6 Willoughby 61.1 Wallsend 72.6 Wakehurst 60.8 Newcastle 72.4 Upper Hunter (NF) 60.5 Marrickville 71.5 Lismore (NF) 36.7 Maroubra 69.9 Coifs Harbour (NF) 58.3 Campbelltown 69.9 Baulkham Hills 58.1 Blacktown 69.4 Oxley (NF) 58.0 Charlestown 69.3 Wagga Wagga 57.5 Lake Macqnarie 69.2 Lane Cove 57.4 Cabramatta 68.9 Bega 57.1 East Hills 68.3 Epping 57.1 Bathurst 67.8 Orange (NF) 56.3 Kiarna 67.7 Southern Highlands 55.7 Mulgoa 67.6 Cronulla 55.1 Riverstone 67.2 Camden 53.5 Penrith 66.7 Hornsby 52.7 Swansea 66.6 Gosford 52.3 Rockdale 66.5 Burrinjuck (NP) 51.2 Wyong 655 Albury 51.0 Wentworthville 65.4 Monaro (NF) 50.2 Londonderry 64.9 Granville 64.6 Parramatta 64.5 Port Stephens· 62.3 Coogee 62.3 Blue Mountains 61.8 Peats 61.3 Heathcote 60.4 The Entrance 59.7 Drummoyne 59.4 Strathfield 58.4 Keira 57.9 Kogarah 57.5 Ryde 56.6 Georges River 56.3 Murray-Darling 54.2 Menai 54.2 Tweed 52.6 Miranda 52.3 Maitland 51.0 South Coast 50.5 Clarence 50.2

25 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary AlbUry Enrolled 41571 Bankstown Enrolled 44744 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count AsheB PHON 2327 6.0 Glachan I * LP 16374 43.0 BarrettP LP 5755 14.8 Douglas C IND 13272 34.9 Phillips R SEP 239 0.6 O'DonnellM ALP 6703 17.6 Stewart T# ALP 26519 68.1 SmithM PHON 1731 4.5 Walsh K GRN 666 1.7 Botting K AD 751 1.9 Final count BastinJ AAFI 315 0.8 Glachan I * LP 17913 51.0 MeguidE UNI 1551 4.0 Douglas C 1ND 17226 49.0 Laurence K CDP 838 2.2 Exhausted 2941 Formal 38961 95.5 Formal 38080 98.5 Infonnal 1840 4.5 Informal 583 1.5 Turnout 40801 91.2 Turnout 38663 93.0

Barwon Enrolled 43149 Auburn Enrolled 45150 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes % Dillon M ALP 9554 24.5 YakupF UN1 3021 7.4 Cooke A CEC 415 1.1 NagleP * ALP 24207 59.5 Johns B PHON 7988 20.5 Bentley S DSL 378 0.9 Slack-Smith I * NP 19994 51.2 O'ConnorK PHON 2536 6.2 GrahamK AD 1085 2.8 BorlukB LP 8031 19.7 Johnson C AAFI 620 1.5 Formal 39036 98.3 McDermottC AD 1148 2.8 Informal 669 1.7 AshG GRN 749 1.8 Turnout 39705 92.0

FOITIlal 40690 96.3 Informal 1 581 3.7 Turnout 42271 93.6 Bathurst Enrolled 42729 Candidate Party Votes %

McGinnes J 1ND 2348 5.9 BrayM lND 348 0.9 Ballina Enrolled 43298 RoweW PHON 3020 7.6 Candidate Party Votes % WilliamsL GRN 847 2.1 GumeyR ORP 493 1.2 Robertson L AD 1675 4.3 Grivas C AD 660 1.7 MacGregor J 1ND 524 1.3 Martin G# ALP 20375 51.0 Arnold S TCW 390 1.0 ThompsonR NCP 100 0.3 WardE ES 523 1.3 SimpsonD CEC 149 0.4 FlowerC GRN 3333 8.6 AshtonM AAFI 191 0.5 Page E * NP 20391 52.4 Wilson S NP 6018 15.1 GosperP CDP 1025 2.6 Berry S LP 5394 13.5 DakinS ALP 11071 28.4 Formal 39943 98.0 Formal 38932 98.0 Infonnal 799 2.0 Informal 805 2.0 Turnout 40742 95.3 Turnout 39737 91.8

26 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued BaulkhamHills Enrolled 44571 Bligh Enrolled 45282 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count First count FerraraM AD 2861 6.9 MarguinA UN1 621 1.6 Merton W* LP 19737 47.9 HoldawayE GRN 2245 5.9 Schultejohann L PHON 1825 4.4 Moaree * 1ND 14214 37.3 HayT ALP 13206 32.1 UptonC TCW 128 0.3 WongM UN1 1336 3.2 DuncanM 1ND 280 0.7 HanisC GRN 1315 3.2 Smith V ALP 12153 31.9 Marshall D NCP 106 0.3 Fussell P LP 8140 21.4· KingM AAFI 794 1.9 Hatfield B NLP 93 0.2 TrubridgeJ ERP 190 0.5 Final count Merton W * LP 21440 58.1 Final count HayT ALP 15439 41.9 Moore C * 1ND 19636 59.8 Exhausted 4301 Smith V ALP 13215 40.2 Exhausted 5213 Fonnal 41180 97.6 Informal 1016 2.4 Formal 38064 97.7 Turnout 42196 94.7 Informal 883 2.3 Turnout 38947 86.0

Bega Enrolled 43473 Candidate Party Votes % Blue Mountains Enrolled 44625 Candidate Party Votes % First count Smith R * LP 18253 45.7 First count Paris R 1ND 685 1.7 Bell C ES 619 1.5 FreihautK GRN 1465 3.7 AndersonM AAFI 378 0.9 BolandJ ALP 12562 31.5 BuckleyW PHON 2777 6.8 Innes R PHON 5200 13.0 GriggS CDP 1954 4.7 RedmondD AD 1751 4.4 Scott J LP 11464 27.9 LearS AD 2944 7.2 Final count Debus B * ALP 18474 44.9 Smith R * LP 20251 57.1 Doust A GRN 2528 6.1 BolandJ ALP 15186 42.9 Exhausted 4479 Final count Scott J LP 13 997 38.2 Fonnal 39916 98.3 Debus B * ALP 22623 61.8 Informal 678 1.7 Exhausted 4518 Turnout 40594 93.4 Formal 41138 98.3 lnfonnal 702 1.7 Turnout 41840 93.8 Blacktown Enrolled 45799 Candidate Party Votes %

KiogD AD 3178 7.7 Sherwood E AAF1 1015 2.4 BawdenB CDP 2377 5.7 HolderR LP 8260 19.9 Gibson P # ALP 22714 54.7 NixonB PHON 3953 9.5

Fonnal 41497 96.5 Infonnal 1497 3.5 Turnollt 42994 93.9

27 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Burrinjuck Enrolled 42787 Campbelltown Enrolled 43012 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count Singh C UNI 682 1.7 Tarlinton D PHON 4523 11.4 KeametV GRN 1383 3.5 Cosgrove L CEC 157 0.4 Franks R AAFI 968 2.5 FraserP AD 657 1.7 Churchill J NCP 235 0.6 Green J GRN 1041 2.6 Dawson C PHON 3630 9.3 Hodgkinson K NP 11574 29.2 HawkerP LP 8353 21.4 McManusM ALP 14580 36.8 FreemanP IND 798 2.0 NewbomeZ CDP 496 1.3 KnightM * ALP 21414 54.8 SchultzG # LP 6589 16.6 DudleyD AD 1639 4.2

Final count Formal 39102 97.2 Hodgkinson K NP 17160 51.2 Infonnal 1 133 2.8 McManusM ALP 16343 48.8 Turnout 40235 93.5 Exhausted 6114

Formal 39617 98.3 Infonnal 672 1.7 Canterbury Enrolled 44741 Tuurout 40289 94.2 Candidate Party Votes % Cabramatta Enrolled 43295 Candidate Party Votes % Moss K * ALP 22302 56.5 Tzavellas P IND 691 1.8 First count SmithW GRN 1662 4.2 CornishP PHON 1954 5.1 Nand IND 715 1.8 Watson G LP 3141 8.2 RobinsonM CDP 1122 2.8 HuaM AD 505 1.3 ShakirK PHON 1114 2.8 LambertM IND 5706 14.9 Vanderwel G AAFI 184 0.5 MeagherR * ALP 18859 49.3 Dalrymple G AD 1137 2.9 SuA UNI 5286 13.8 Koutsouras J IND 1973 5.0 KremecM AAFI 241 0.6 Baini N LP 6686 16.9 LukeJ CDP 634 1.7 WanG UNI 1870 4.7 Grant L GRN 461 1.2 ChapmanK IND 1492 3.9 Formal 39456 95.7 Informal 1783 4.3 Final count Turnout 41239 92.2 LambertM IND 9555 31.1 MeagherR * ALP 21144 68.9 Exhausted 7580 Cessnock Enrolled 43239 Formal 38279 95.9 Candidate Party Votes % Infonnal 1652 4.1 39931 92.2 Turnout CoureM LP 6003 14.9 HickeyK# ALP 21966 54.6 RyanJ GRN 2025 5.0 Olsen I IND 3784 9.4 Camden Enrolled 46153 Burston G PHON 6462 16.1 Candidate Party Votes % Fonnal 40240 98.1 First count Informal 760 1.9 KemohanL* LP 18566 43.7 Turnout 41000 94.8 Sanchez A ALP 15888 37.4 Powell A GRN 1762 4.1 Rosso 0 PHON 3809 9.0 Thompson J NCP 172 0.4 Brazenall M AAFI 646 1.5 Frawley G IND 1624 3.8

Final count KemohanL* LP 20006 53.5 Sanchez A ALP 17 393 46.5 Exhausted 5068

Formal 42467 97.5 Informal 1067 2.5 Turnollt 43534 94.3

28 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Charlestown Enrolled 43689 Coogee Enrolled 43492 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

Hunt! IND 1409 3.5 First count FaceR * ALP 22300 54.7 Page E * ALP 18901 49.4 CraigP LP 9078 22.3 CrowH AD 2180 5.7 Boswell J CDP 1190 2.9 Junee K LP 12498 32.7 Jacobi L GRN 2612 6.4 Mullins D PHON 910 2.4 SinclairM PHON 4157 10.2 BlackL AAFI 203 0.5 MatsonM GRN 3578 9.3 FonnaI 40746 97.9 Informal 878 2.1 Final count Turnout 41624 95.3 Page E * ALP 22338 62.3 Junee K LP 13 539 37.7 Exhausted 2393

Clarence Enrolled 42363 Formal 38270 98.1 Candidate Party Votes % Informal 761 1.9 Turnollt 39031 89.7 First count Rooke K GRN 1339 3.4 York A AD 518 1.3 MathewM PHON 4263 10.8 CronuUa Enrolled 44412 DayB LP 7004 17.8 Candidate Party Votes % Cansdell S NP 10019 25.4 Stanmore! CDP 780 2.0 First count McMurtrieM IND 101 0.3 Poulos P IND 404 1.0 Milner J ES 151 0.4 Manasserian J PHON 3057 4.6 Tiffen R TCW 152 0.4 DayR AD 1148 2.8 BehnD IND 551 1.4 SmithM CDP 1015 2.5 Woods H * ALP 14524 36.9 Docherty S ALP 14123 34.9 PowerS GRN 1884 4.7 Final count KerrM * LP 18160 44.9 Cansdell S NP 16324 49.8 FeinbierW AAFI 633 1.6 WoodsH* ALP 16467 50.2 Exhausted 6611 Final count Docherty S ALP 16137 44.9 Fonnal 39402 98.5 KerrM * LP 19785 55.1 Informal 594 1.5 Exhausted 4502 Turnout 39996 94.4 Formal 40424 97.8 Informal 892 2.2 Turnout 41316 93.0 ColTs Harbour Enrolled 42709 Candidate Party Votes %

First count Davidson Enrolled 44616 Fraser A * NP 18043 46.1 Candidate Party Votes % Ansted F AAFI 229 0.6 SommerH NCP 128 0.3 Golden A PHON 1531 3.8 Erglis E IND 271 0.7 Humpherson A * LP 23 394 57.6 GardinerG PHON 4409 11.3 Henderson S AD 2424 6.0 BackmanC ES 362 0.9 Ginges K UN! 1116 2.7 Williams A ALP 11970 30.6 LawsonP ALP 8583 21.1 CaimsC GRN 1369 3.5 Weatherlake I AAF1 459 1.1 SpencerM AD 2361 6.0 RatcliffeM CDP 1278 3.1 TuorP GRN 1804 4.4 Final count Fraser A * NP 19749 58.3 Formal 40589 98.0 Williams A ALP 14129 41.7 Infonnal 837 2.0 Exhausted 5264 Turnout 41426 92.9

Fonnal 39142 98.3 Infonna! 692 1.7 Turnout 39834 93.3

29 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Drummoyne Enrolled 45476 East Hills Enrolled 44795 Candidate Party Votes % Caodidate Party Votes %

First count First count Ferguson J PHON 1679 4.1 MoffatJ AAFI 1369 3.3 Murray J '" ALP 19253 46.6 CarverD lND 554 1.4 DoyleT GRN 1807 4.4 Charlton C GRN 919 2.2 Mavin T AAFl 286 0.7 BoundsK PHON 4369 10.7 Andrews C AD 1806 4.4 ParkerM lND 4263 10.4 Paull J lND 638 1.5 AshtonA# ALP 20146 49.2 Lesslie S lND 2357 5.7 MeikleJ AD 1003 2.5 Phelps P LP 13475 32.6 KorovinN LP 7926 19.4 CoppolaroM ES 358 0.9 Final count Murray J '" ALP 22118 59.4 Final count Phelps P LP 15117 40.6 AshtonA# ALP 22862 68.3 Exhausted 4066 KorovinN LP 10610 31.7 Exhausted 7435 Formal 41301 96.9 Informal 1325 3.1 Formal 40907 96.6 Turnout 42626 93.7 Informal 1444 3.4 Turnout 42351 94.5 Epping Enrolled 44490 Candidate Party Votes % Dubbo Enrolled 42678 Caodidate Party Votes % First count Parker J GRN 2319 5.7 First count TinkA# LP 17862 44.1 NevilleJ PHON 7166 18.1 Jacobs R AD 2638 6.5 Phillips C GRN 513 l.3 YooS UN! 2171 5.4 KeonghP lND 1711 4.3 BellP AAFl 461 J.1 I MuttonR# NP 12597 31.8 GurneyS ALP 'J 11937 29.5 MUD

Fairfield Enrolled 43865 Candidate Party Votes %

Tripodi J '" ALP 23362 60.1 Vinnicombe B PHON 2929 7.5 NgoT UN! 3419 8.8 Rohan A LP 5629 14.5 GutierrezR GRN 839 2.2 HuaD AD 662 1.7 CareyJ AAFI 512 1.3 Cogger L NLP 133 0.3 HaroonG CDP 1 188 3.1 MackenzieS NCP 87 0.2 Aiken B lND 130 0.3

Formal 38890 95.3 Informal 1911 4.7 Turnout 40801 93.0

30 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Georges River " Enrolled 45286 Hawkesbury Enrolled 44233 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count First count McFarlaneB AAFI 850 2.0 HowdenJ GRN 2146 5.3 FicarraM * LP 15285 36.9 Bruggeman I NCP 105 0.3 GreeneK ALP 19548 47.1 Rozzoli K * LP 19202 47.4 Tang A IND 678 1.6 LawsonM ALP 10058 24.8 Celik P UN! 847 2.0 Rutter A AD 1914 4.7 KonnecleA PHON 2193 5.3 SheatherL IND 1871 4.6 Kayel GRN 1237 3.0 Dakin G AAFI 499 1.2 Bedwell D IND 838 2.0 Belling D !NO 935 2.3 Saxiones N PHON 3777 9.3 Final count FicarraM * LP 16763 43.7 Final count GreeneK ALP 21559 56.3 Rozzell K * LP 21510 63.3 Exhausted 3154 LawsonM ALP 12466 36.7 Exhausted 6531 Fonnal 41476 97.7 Informal 972 2.3 Fanna! 40507 97.7 Turnout 42448 93.7 Informal 938 2.3 Turnout 41445 93.7

Gosford Enrolled 45985 Candidate Party Votes % Heathcote Enrolled 44122 Candidate Party Votes % First count Cohen B ALP 16720 40.1 First count WeckertJ GRN 1 159 2.8 LowderR PHON 3400 8.3 McKennaT !NO 275 0.7 McLoughlin B ORP 382 0.9 HartcherC * LP 18136 43.4 Lentem J GRN 2300 5.6 Bailey G CDP 1104 2.6 Stone L LP 12401 30.2 Penfold A AD 1413 3.4 McManus 1# ALP 19274 46.9 Gelling I AAFI 288 0.7 HughesZ AAFI 506 1.2 Parker A ES 475 1.1 HollowayD AD 1379 3.4 BakerE PHON 2172 5.2 BowenJ CDP 1351 3.3 Tsui W UN! 127 0.3 Final count CohenB ALP 18262 47.7 Final count HartcherC * LP 19984 52.3 Stone L LP 14336 39.6 Exhausted 3496 McManus 1# ALP 21864 60.4 Exhausted 4920 Fonnal 41742 98.1 Informal 824 1.9 Formal 41120 98.1 Turnout 42566 92.6 Informal 784 1.9 Turnout 41904 95.0

Granville Enrolled 44216 Candidate Party Votes % Heffron Enrolled 42157 Candidate Party Votes % O'ConnorS PHON 3599 9.1 WadsworthD AAFI 724 1.8 DobsonR AAFI 952 2.6 Issa T LP 11631 29.3 Keyte J GRN 1992 5.4 GillbankM GRN 1379 3.5 Grusovin D * ALP 23492 63.4 Yeadon K * ALP 22330 56.3 TaylorD PHON 1615 4.4 Mendelssohn D AD 1476 4.0 Formal 39663 96.4 Green J DSL 338 0.9 Informal 1489 3.6 CanessaJ LP 71205 19.4 Turnout 41152 93.1 Formal 37070 96.3 Informal 1440 3.7 Turnout 38510 91.3

31 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Hornsby Enrolled 45519 Kiama Enrolled 44281 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count First count Jansson P PHON 1679 4.1 CollierH AD 1363 3.3 Douglas S ·GRN 1554 3.8 BrownM# ALP 20236 49.4 Swallow A AD 2012 4.9 MunayJ AAFI 472 1.2 HoweR 1ND 141 0.3 MifsudC LP 8936 21.8 GallagherM 1ND 1882 4.6 Kadwell J CDP 1774 4.3 Cardamatis S ALP 13966 33.8 McLeodP 1ND 1234 3.0 MeanyC 1ND 1925 4.7 Bradley J GRN 3157 7.7 MudgeeD AAFI 363 0.9 OrrD PHON 3765 9.2 Zhang X UNI 817 2.0 O'Doherty S * LP 16976 41.1 Final count BrownM# ALP 23048 67.7 Final count MifsudC LP 10995 32.3 Cardamatis S ALP 17117 47.3 Exhausted 6894 O'Doherty S * LP 19065 52.7 Exhausted 5133 Formal 40937 97.6 Informal 1018 2.4 Formal 41315 97.7 Turnout 41955 94.7 Informal 982 2.3 Turnout 42297 92.9

Kogarah Enrolled 45576 Candidate Party Votes % lliawarra Enrolled 43600 Candidate Party Votes % First count ChanP 1ND 1039 2.5 Hughes B CDP 2759 6.9 Witheridge S LP 14226 34.8 Jordan K LP 6492 16.2 KaoakD GRN 1301 3.2 Bartholomew P AD 2017 5.0 IscnM CDP 838 2.0 PerroUM DSL 336 0.8 CromptonL 1ND 368 0.9 Mason R 1ND 1850 4.6 Uzunoski I UN! 1244 3.0 SalibaM # ALP 20370 50.8 Peniazev A NCP 40 0.1 Anderson J GRN 1865 4.6 Jones N ORP 235 0.6 Greeo F AAFI 656 1.6 Burton C# ALP 237 48.0 Prs. I PHON 3576 8.9 Whalen J AAFI 237 0.6 Blayney S NCP 208 0.5 Baird N PHON 1752 4.3

Fannal 40129 97.2 Final count Informal 1160 2.8 Witheridge S LP 15784 42.5 Turnout 41289 94.7 Burton C # ALP 21381 57.5 Exhausted 3743

Keira Enrolled 43750 Formal 40908 96.9 Candidate Party Votes % Informal 1308 3.1 Turnout 42216 92.6 First count Curtis J PHON 2678 6.6 Nederkoorn R IND 1385 3.4 Gozzard L ES 855 2.1 Ku-ring-gai Enrolled 44417 ONeill R CDP 1375 3.4 Candidate Party Votes % AkhurstA LP 4527 11.2 CampbellD# ALP 18293 45.4 AyresM CDP 1698 4.2 Hamilton W AAFI 313 0.8 O'Farrell B * LP 22708 56.3 Martin D IND 10 855 26.9 WebeckR PHON 1416 3.5 Ryder J NLP 100 0.2 Final count HallidayN AD 3769 9.3 CampbellD# ALP 19821 57.9 ChehoffM AAFI 379 0.9 Martin D 1ND 14390 42.1 Burke A GRN 2004 5.0 Exhausted 6070 Bulland J ALP 8241 20.4

Formal 40281 97.9 Formal 40315 98.3 Informal 866 2.1 Informal 710 1.7 Turnout 41147 94.1 Turnout 41025 92.4

32 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Lachlan Enrolled 44521 Lismore Enrolled 42271 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

Armstrong I * NP 22798 55.1 First count ReidW PHON 5383 13.0 DhuR CDP 1426 3.7 LordT ALP 11385 27.5 CanalesJ IND 311 0.8 Mulligan P AD 1124 2.7 GeorgeT# NP 15238 39.2 DurrantM GRN 689 1.7 Corkill J GRN 3784 9.7 ThorpeR ES 300 0.8 Fanna! 41379 98.0 HowardJ LP 5260 13.5 Informal 854 2.0 BellK ALP 10779 27.7 Turnout 42233 94.9 WardM TCW 217 0.6 WunschB DSL 322 0.8 WalshM AD 1270 3.3

Lake Macquarie Enrolled 45039 Final count Candidate Party Votes % GeorgeT# NP 19293 58.5 BellK ALP 13675 41.5 Exhausted Boulton B AAFI 912 2.2 5939 PayneD LP 9333 22.4 Formal 38907 98.2 GourlayR CDP 1370 3.3 Informal 725 1.8 Johnson R PHON 5073 12.2 Turnout 39632 93.8 Hunter J * ALP 22821 54.8 BlythD GRN 2130 5.1

Formal 41639 97.9 Informal 898 2.1 Liverpool Enrolled 45093 Turnout 42537 94.4 Candidate Party Votes %

BarkerD LP 6773 17.0 Lynch P * ALP 26754 67.0 Lakemba Eorolled 43470 ColemanJ AAFI 839 2.1 Candidate Party Votes % Costa R UNI 1662 4.2 Sanders E NCP 151 0.4 HenshawS CEC 226 MoodyT AAFI 1079 2.8 0.6 Smith R PHON 3546 8.9 IemmaM# ALP 24457 63.2 NewmanR AD I 181 3.1 Formal 39951 96.0 Abou-Ghaida H PHON 1487 3.8 Informal 1682 4.0 HawattM LP 6588 17.0 Turnout 41633 92.3 CooreyB IND 3896 10.1

Formal 38688 96.4 Informal 1463 3.6 Turnout 40151 92.4 Londonderry Enrolled 44248 Candidate Party Votes %

First count Lane Cove Enrolled 44607 Anderson J# ALP 19369 49.0 Candidate Party Votes % Burke S PHON 4406 11.1 Bailey D lND 1026 2.6 First count Conolly K LP 9877 25.0 Holmes A NCP 185 Harcourt-Horton D AD 3665 9.2 0.5 Phillips J CDP 1407 Rindermann B AAFI 357 0.9 3.6 Gelling L AAFI anneS GRN 2060 5.2 611 1.6 Kingsley R GRN 1341 MayJ PHON 1092 2.7 3.4 Cassidy J AD 1305 3.3 PoweB ALP 12911 32.3 Chikarovski K* LP 19896 49.8 Final count AndersonJ # 21 145 Final count ALP 64.9 Conolly K LP 11436 35.1 PoweB ALP 15846 42.6 Exhausted 6946 Chikarovski K * LP 21379 57.4 Exhausted 2756 Formal 39527 96.4 Informal 1494 3.6 Formal 39981 97.7 Informal 958 2.3 Turnout 41021 92.7 'Turnout 40939 91.8

33 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Mac9uarie Fields Enrolled 45578 Maroubra Enrolled 44129 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

Knowles C# ALP 25223 61.9 Hassan N UN! 991 2.5 FieldJ AAFl 1044 2.6 FaulknerT LP 9523 24.1 AllenM 1ND 824 2.0 Corben P AD ! 292 3.3 LangE AD 1226 3.0 McEwen] PHON 1926 4.9 ThompsonS NCP 252 0.6 CarrB * ALP 23393 59.3 Horton S PHON 3660 9.0 Paton C AAFI 312 0.8 Rowell J LP 8512 20.9 BastableJ GRN 2009 5.!

Fonnal 40741 96.8 Fonnal 39446 97.1 lnfonna1 1361 3.2 Informal 1187 2.9 Turnout 42102 92.4 Turnout 40633 92.1

Maitland Enrolled 45716 Marrickville Enrolled 45834 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count Brown! PHON 1661 4.2 Lawler A CEC 359 0.8 KenyonP AD 3425 8.6 Blackmore P * LP 17729 41.0 OverendA ERP 279 0.7 HarperP PHON 3452 8.0 Monis! LP 5351 13.5 TaylorB ORP 518 1.2 TadrosM 1ND 1105 2.8 KerslakeP CDP 610 1.4 Roberts S GRN 4546 11.5 Price! ALP 18563 42.9 Bhattacharyya T DSL 443 l.l LantryK AD 766 1.8 Refshauge A * ALP 21311 53.8 Davis J GRN 1282 3.0 TheG UNI 904 2.3 Hallett C CDP 607 1.5 Final count Blackmore P * LP 19347 49.0 Formal 39632 96.7 Price J ALP 20102 51.0 Informal 1370 3.3 Exhausted 3830 Turnout 41002 89.5

Formal 43279 98.6 Informal 619 1.4 Turnout 43898 96.0 Menai Enrolled 45574 Candidate Party Votes %

First count Manly Enrolled 44004 MayB 1ND 1235 3.0 Candidate Party Votes % Mayne A AD 1216 2.9 Hutton D PHON 3360 8.0 First count Thomas B # LP 15434 37.0 Stitt P ORP 347 0.9 Mcgarrity A ALP 18048 43.2 de Monfort D ALP 6705 16.8 WardleR AAFI 711 1.7 WODge UNI 337 0.8 McGoldrick J GRN 1743 4.2 Jones D LP 15424 38.7 BareD 1ND 12005 30.2 Final count Howells A AD 1004 2.5 Thomas B# LP 17044 45.8 Ecroyd P AAFI 335 0.8 Megarrity A ALP 20166 54.2 LambertJ GRN 2054 5.2 Exhausted 4537 Ferguson C PHON 1595 4.0 Formal 41747 97.1 Final count Informal 1242 2.9 Jones D LP 16553 48.7 Turnout 42989 94.3 BareD 1ND 17408 51.3 Exhausted 5845

Formal 39806 97.9 Informal 869 2.1 Turnout 40675 92.4

34 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Miranda Enrolled 42842 Mulgoa Enrolled 44706 Caqdidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count Hedges S R2P 450 1.1 Nettle K GRN 1612 4.1 MathewsL ORP 403 1.0 CollierB ALP 16996 42.9 Horton V GOSH 711 1.8 Hickman S AD 1460 3.7 BeamerD# ALP 21413 53.1 RemyM PHON 2842 7.2 Grant P GRN 791 2.0 Eastwood K AAFl 620 1.6 Lawson B PF 188 0.5 Phillips R * LP 16099 40.6 OwenP AD 1282 3.2 Putra R PHON 3569 8.9 Final count MewettA NBCA 1196 3.0 CollierB ALP 19002 52.3 CareyJ AAFI 407 1.0 Phillips R * LP 17353 47.7 Owens I NCP 121 0.3 Exhausted 3274 Bourne C LP 9772 24.2

Fonnal 39629 98.0 Formal 40303 96.3 Iofonnal 805 2.0 Informal 1555 3.7 Turnout 40434 94.4 Turnout 41858 93.6

Monaro Enrolled 42227 Murray-Darling Enrolled 42706 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count First count Webb P# NP 8477 22.4 Kersten M # NP 13 790 36.3 SwiftM PHON 2855 7.5 Black P ALP 16781 44.2 Keegel E IND 145 0.4 Boyd A CEC 246 0.6 Marjason I LP 7521 19.7 White J NCP 141 0.4 Moore C GRN 1809 4.7 Burton D AD 792 2.1 DurstJ ALP 12076 31.7 McKinnonD PHON 6238 16.4 Fragiacomo F IND 419 1.1 PangalloF IND 4822 12.6 Final count Kersten M# NP 15002 45.8 Final count BlackP ALP 17765 54.2 Webb P# NP 15175 50.2 Exhausted 5221 DurstJ ALP 15047 49.8 Exhausted 7902 Fonna! 37988 98.1 Infonnal 727 1.9 Formal 38124 97.7 Turnout 38715 90.7 Informal 885 2.3 Turnout 39009 92.4

Murrumbidgee Enrolled 45059 Candidate Party Votes % Mount Druitt Enrolled 44532 Candidate Party Votes % Ramsay S AD 1546 3.8 Mulloy L PHON 3378 8.4 ReddyP AD 1517 3.8 Pittavino P ALP 13225 32.7 NolanB GRN 1140 2.9 Stroobants L CEC 271 0.7 Wyness J CDP 1812 4.5 Piccoli A # NP 22024 54.5 Williams N LP 3458 8.7 Green A UN! 6399 16.0 Fonnal 40444 97.9 ToalL AAFl 1133 2.8 Infonnal 875 2.1 Girvan R ALP 651 1.6 Turnout 41319 91.7 AmeryR* 23 820 59.7

Fonnal 39930 96.5 Infonnal 1467 3.5 Turnout 41397 93.0

35 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued MyallLakes Enrolled 43712 Northern Tablelands Enrolled 42 355 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

TuffyM ALP 11922 29.4 First count Turner J * NP 20841 51.3 Webeckl PHON 2770 7.1 Deeney J PHON 5522 13.6 Chappell R * NP 13 381 34.1 GillL GRN 1717 4.2 CooperM AD 1092 2.8 SpraggK AAFl 591 1.5 Schultz P GRN 719 1.8 KeoghN IND 360 0.9 Fonna1 40593 98.3 TorbayR IND 17329 44.2 Informal 701 1.7 LawrenceM ALP 3598 9.2 Turnollt 41294 94.5 Final count ChappellR* NP 14482 40.6 TorbayR IND 21162 59.4 Newcastle Enrolled 45039 Exhausted 3605 Candidate Party Votes % Fonna1 39249 98.7 lnfonna1 509 1.3 McKenzie I GRN 4062 10.0 Turnout 39758 93.9 GaudryB * ALP 21644 53.1 eriticos H IND 899 2.2 CookT SEP 163 0.4 Brooks S PHON 3468 8.5 Bisgrove S AD 1802 4.4 Orange Enrolled 42982 Brookman C UN! 101 0.2 Candidate Party Votes % Chasten D CEC 77 0.2 Williams D LP 8208 20.1 First count PayneG DSL 343 0.8 CoxD IND 1793 4.5 TumerR * NP 16566 41.6 Formal 40767 97.4 Taylor G ALP 12878 32.3 lnfonna1 1101 2.6 McKenzie A AD 1059 2.7 Tumout 41868 93.0 Nixon T PHON 5036 12.6 McLennanM CDP 1305 3.3 Watts I GRN 1228 3.1

North Shore Enrolled 44 665 Final count Candidate Party Votes % TumerR * NP 19041 56.3 TaylorG ALP 14765 43.7 Exhausted 6059 Skinner J * LP 20994 53.9 PadgettB AD 3121 8.0 Fonna1 39865 98.0 McDonaldJ ALP 10 888 27.9 Informal 824 2.0 Kelly D PHON 867 2.2 Turnout 40689 94.7 BellD GRN 2743 7.0 DedmanL AAF1 346 0.9

Fonna1 38959 98.3 Infonna1 686 1.7 Oxley Enrolled 42546 Turnout 39645 88.8 Candidate Party Votes %

Firstcoimt Williams B AD 1089 2.8 Cavanagh S GRN 1495 3.8 ArgentJ ALP 9548 24.4 Stoner A # NP 14187 36.3 Parkinson P IND 2011 5.1 GreenB IND 2726 7.0 Henderson T IND 686 1.8 Willey J PHON 7366 18.8

Final count ArgentJ ALP 12687 42.0 Stoner A# NP 17503 58.0 Exhausted 8918

Fonna1 39108 98.1 Infonnal 770 1.9 Turnout 39878 93.7

36 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Parramatta Enrolled 45193 Pittwater Enrolled 44626 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

CoppingM LP 12023 30.0 Boydell P ALP 7938 19.7 . Wright P GRN 1063 2.7 VlugP NCP 135 0.3 Cogger J NLP 101 0.3 Bristow R CDP 1088 2.7 McCarthyR UN1 1426 3.6 Brogden J * LP 20918 52.0 BlltlerL AAFl 360 0.9 Sonza a ES 414 1.0 McMahonM NCP 84 0.2 Dimond V AD 4719 11.7 Cooksey T PHON 1953 4.9 Ockenden T GRN 2604 6.5 Harrison G * ALP 21466 53.6 WhitmoreP AAFl 436 1.1 ByrneP AD 1280 3.2 Cuthertson P PHON 1955 4.9 MoooK DSL 257 0.6 Formal 40207 97.8 Fonnal 40013 97.3 Informal 897 2.2 Informal 1094 2.7 Turnout 41104 92.1 Turnout 41107 91.0

Port Jackson Enrolled 46377 Peats Enrolled 44549 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes % Non S * ALP 21582 53.9 First count Burvill J NLP 81 0.2 GuoX UN! 193 0.5 DrueryK PF 119 0.3 Andrews M * ALP 20451 49.9 MalliateJ NCP 67 0.2 King I AAFJ 461 1.1 LennaneJ JND 2944 7.3 Prest J PHON 2767 6.8 RydeJ GRN 3159 7.9 Spencer S CDP 1104 2.7 Doherty D CPA 549 1.4 lacey S GRN 1 194 2.9 VescioM PHON 735 1.8 Wales D LP 12803 31.3 Furness P AD 2993 7.5 Purcival N ES 372 0.9 Loschiavo R GOSH 174 0.4 PreeccG AD 1598 3.9 HuxleyK LP 7359 18.4 CarmanM DSL 310 0.8 Final count Andrews M * ALP 22397 61.3 FonDa! 40072 96.6 WalesD LP 14114 38.7 Informal 1390 3.4 Exhausted 4432 Turnout 41462 89.4

Formal 40943 97.5 Infonnal 1040 2.5 Turnout 41983 94.2 Port MacQuarie Enrolled 43060 Candidate Party Yotes %

DachsN AAFJ 606 1.5 Penrith Enrolled 44323 RiordanM ALP 10 815 27.0 Candidate Party Votes % OakeshottR NP 22471 56.0 Muldoon G CEC 151 0.4 Harris-Ball V JND 309 0.8 Andersons L GRN 1219 3.0 Thompson J NCP 108 0.3 SaraK PHON 4832 12.1 EykampJ PHON 3523 8.7 Edwards L GRN 1230 3.0 Fonna! 40094 98.4 Grim~Reaper S JND 238 0.6 Infonnal 636 1.6 HooperN JND 114 0.3 Turnout 40730 94.6 BroderickW JND 129 0.3 LoPoF* ALP 21467 53.2 VillaR AD 933 2.3 MorrisD AAFJ 366 0.9 GriggB CDP 1425 3.5 FowlerR LP 10 154 25.2 RogersM ES 340 0.9

Fonnal 40336 97.0 Infonnal 1243 3.0 Turnout 41579 93.8

37 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Port Stephens Enrolled 43840 Ryde Enrolled 45383 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count First count Stevenson G GRN 2237 5.5 Fetch I IP 3494 8.5 KingT CEC 449 1.1 Mathews J ORP 232 0.6 McCannM IND 1073 2.7 PlumbN AD 1551 3.8 Robinson G NP 9650 23.9 SbawR GRN 1098 2.7 DoverS CDP 1930 4.8 SalmonR PF 80 0.2 BoydF AD 1345 3.3 Paton F AAFI 276 0.7 Bartlett J# ALP 18415 45.6 WatkinsJ ALP 18169 44.1 ConwayM PHON 5247 13.0 Photios M * LP 13 853 33.6 Knight! IND 184 0.4 Final count GaoN UN! 1260 3.1 Robinson G NP 12421 37.7 KiogO PHON 1023 2.5 Bartlett J# ALP 20495 62.3 Exhausted 7430 Final count Watkins J ALP 20813 56.6 Fonna! 40346 97.7 Photios M * LP 15961 43.4 lnfonnal 932 2.3 Exhausted 4446 Turnout 41278 94.2 Fonnal 41220 97.3 Infonnal 1151 2.7 Turnout 42371 93.4 Riverstone Enrolled 46132 Candidate Party Votes %

Hawkins C GRN 1522 3.6 Smithfield Enrolled 44 952 KingJ AAFI 838 2.0 Candidate Party Votes % AquilinaJ * ALP 23 148 54.9 McIntyre J LP 10779 25.6 Robertson B LP 8924 22.0 Peacock T AD 1908 4.5 Vega V GRN 1265 3.1 Pettitt T PHON 3964 9.4 Dutton W PHON 2352 5.8 Scully C * ALP 25276 62.3 Fonna! 42159 97.2 Haraon L CDP 1341 3.3 Informal 1216 2.8 Nelson E AAFI 430 1.1 Turnout 43375 94.0 Poularas M AD 956 2.4

Fonnal 40544 96.5 Iofonnal 1483 3.5 Rockdale Enrolled 44 815 Turnout 42027 93.5 Candidate Party Votes %

Johnson P IND 818 2.1 Jones J IND 651 1.6 South Coast Enrolled 44 769 ChungC AD 1087 2.7 Candidate Party Votes % TaylorN GRN 1191 3.0 Thompson G * ALP 22258 55.9 First count Kaloudis P LP 11 003 27.6 Smith W ALP 16543 40.2 RyanW IND 172 0.4 Ellis E '" LP 16425 39.9 Gelling I AAFI 339 0.9 BowenC AAFI 479 1.2 Cardillo P NCP 128 0.3 Bange J GRN 2086 5.1 Citton M PHON 2185 5.5 RyanS CDP 1378 3.3 WamM PHON 4274 10.4 Formal 39832 96.1 Informal 1629 3.9 Final count Turnout 41461 92.5 SmithW ALP 18651 50.5 Ellis E '" LP 18276 49.5 Exhausted 4258

Formal 41185 98.2 lnfonnal 757 1.8 Turnout 41942 93.7

38 39 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Tweed Enrolled 44 768 WaggaWagga Enrolled 43098 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

First count First count Penhaligon J IND 2584 6.4 BoothJ NP 9052 22.9 Henderson T AD 945 2.4 Jerrick G PHON 3147 8.0 Tabart T GRN 2013 5.0 McPherson C ALP 10 391 26.3 BeckD# NP 16315 40.7 Campbell L IND 1650 4.2 Hollis T ES 535 1.3 GrahamR AD 1071 2.7 NewellN ALP 17713 44.2 DaleP IND 4214 10.7 MaguireO# LP 10032 25.4 Final count BeckD# NP 17500 47.4 Final count NewellN ALP 19402 52.6 McPherson C ALP 13 500 42.5 Exhausted 3203 MaguireD# LP 18297 57.5 Exhausted 7760 Fonnal 40105 98.0 Infonna! 834 2.0 Formal 39557 98.3 Turnout 40939 91.4 Informal 695 1.7 Turnout 40252 93.4

Upper Hunter Enrolled 42206 Candidate Party Votes % Wakehurst Enrolled 44123 Candidate Party Votes % First count EaseyG CEC 670 1.7 First count Connore ALP 12450 31.7 Hampel A AAFI 1172 2.9 LawnB PHON 5030 12.8 Hatten B GRN 2644 6.6 Paxton D COP 626 1.6 Nelson I PHON 2684 6.7 Strachan N GRN 1195 3.0 Hazzard B '" LP 19278 48.4 Souris G '" NP 19307 49.2 Stokes C ALP 11455 28.8 Russell G AD 2583 6.5 Final count Connore ALP 13 880 39.5 Final count Souris G * NP 21250 60.5 Hazzard B * LP 21225 60.8 Exhausted 4148 Stokes C ALP 13713 39.2 Exhausted 4878 Formal 39278 98.1 Infonnal 756 1.9 Formal 39816 97.0 Turnout 40034 94.9 Informal 1219 3.0 Turnout 41035 93.0

Vaucluse Enrolled 43642 Candidate Party Votes % Wallsend Enrolled 45751 Candidate . Party Votes % WeinerH GRN 3797 10.1 Patch D ALP 10244 27.2 MurrayD COP 1752 4.1 Collings M AD 2269 6.0 ThompsonC PHON 4878 11.5 FordW PHON 791 2.1 SchroederM CEC 246 0.6 ZylberG ERP 305 0.8 MoroneyR GRN 2920 6.9 Debnam P * LP 20271 53.8 Piddington Y LP 8265 19.5 Mills J * ALP 24424 57.5 Formal 37677 97.8 Infonnal 860 2.2 Formal 42485 97.6 Turnout 38537 88.3 Informal 1061 2.4 Turnout 43546 95.2

40 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 5 Legislative Assembly: District Summary continued Wentworthville Enrolled 44 675 WoUongong Enrolled 43467 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

AllanP# AlP 21250 52.5 YueK UNI 652 1.7 Jonsson D CDP 1 819 4.5 Russell K AD 2185 5.5 ChinS UNI 972 2.4 James J AAFl 1274 3.2 MertonR LP 11 071 27.3 LuveraA DSL 470 1.2 FilipczykR GRN 1093 2.7 MarldtamC# AlP 24713 62.7 Hutchinson J PHON 2609 6.4 Dickenson G GRN 2557 6.5 O'LearyK AAFl 534 1.3 Latzp CDP 1419 3.6 Rutledge G AD 1132 2.8 McInemeyW LP 6153 15.6

Fanna! 40480 96.8 Fonna! 39423 96.5 Informal 1341 3.2 Informal 1368 3.5 Turnout 41821 93.6 Turnout 40791 93.8

Willoughby Enrolled 44775 Wyong Enrolled 45414 Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %

Brasch L ALP 11262 28.1 NelsonM AAFI 730 1.7 McGuireB AD 3048 7.6 HastieC ES 810 1.9 Collins P '" LP 20327 50.8 Holten R PHON 4004 9.6 MarkuseH PHON 895 2.2 Hopkins B CDP 1 191 2.9 AukimJ ES 277 0.7 MottO AD 1199 2.9 McCallumD AAFI 321 0.8 Lamb D LP 11233 26.9 BrownB GRN 2090 5.2 Crittenden P * AlP 22606 54.1 Wange UNI 1816 4.5 Fonnal 41773 97.6 Fannal 40036 97.7 Infonnal 1038 2.4 lnfonnal 954 2.3 Turnout 42811 94.3 Turnout 40990 91.5

41 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 6: Legislative Council, State Summary Seats First Preference Voles Candidates Won Number Per cent Swing % , Australian Labor Party 15 8 1325819 37.27 +2.02 LiberallNational Party 15 6 974352 27.39 -11.10 Pauline Hanson's One Nation 5 I 225668 6.34 +6.34 Australian Democrats 9 I 142768 4.01 +0.80 Christian Democratic Party (Fred Nile Group) 5 I 112699 3.17 +0.16 The Greens 9 I 103463 2.91 -0.84 John Tingle - The Sbooters Party 11 59295 1.67 -1.17 Progressive Labour Party 2 56037 1.58 +1.58 Marijuana Smokers Rights Party 2 43991 1.24 +1.24 Reform the Legal System 2 I 35712 1.00 +1.00 Unity 5 I 34785 0.98 +0.98 Couotry Summit Alliance 9 31771 0.89 +0.89 Registered Clubs Party 6 27564 0.77 +0.77 Gun Owners and Sporting Hunters Rights 2 25106 0.71 +0.71 Country Party 2 19819 0.56 -0.04 What's Doing? Party 2 18318 0.51 +0.51 A Better Future for Our Children 2 15800 0.44 -0.84 Franca Arena Child Safety Alliance 3 13 788 0.39 +0.39 Three Day Weekend Party 2 12003 0.34 +0.34 Australian Family Alliance 5 11824 0.33 +0.33 Young Australians Caring for Our Future 2 11 090 0.31 +0.31 Australians Against Further Immigration 2 10 881 0.31 -1.34 Gay and Lesbian Party 2 10446 0.29 +0.29 Australians Against the Promotion ofHomosexuality 2 9118 0.26 +0.26 The Australian Small Business Party 2 8998 0.25 +0.25 The Animal Liberation Party 2 7884 0.22 +0.22 Democratic Socialists 2 7638 0.21 -0.04 Speranza: Hope for Better Health NSW 3 7637 0.21 +0.21 The Four Wheel Drive Party 2 7547 0.21 +0.21 Outdoor Recreation Party 3 I 7264 0.20 +0.20 Riders' and Motorists Party Inc. 2 7027 0.20 -0.29 Kevin Ryan - Drug Reform 2 6844 0.19 +0.19 The Seniors Party 2 6565 0.18 -0.65 Jobs for Everyone - Futures For All 2 6522 0.18 +0.18 Marine Environment Conservation Party 2 6185 0.17 +0.17 The Wilderness Party 2 6097 0.17 +0.17 Stop Banks from Exploiting Australians Group 2 5931 0.17 +0.17 Australian Independent Coalition for Political Integrity 2 5650 0.16 +0.16 Fair Tax Party 4 5209 0.15 +0.15 Help Disabled People 2 5056 0.14 0.15 No GSTlMick Gallagher for Australia 2 5008 0.14 +0.14 NSW Ratepayers Party 2 4983 0.14 +0.14 Womens Party/Save the Forests 4 4740 0.13 +0.13 Australia First 2 4709 0.13 +0.01 Make Billionaires Pay More Tax! 2 4672 0.13 +0.13

42 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 6: Legislative Council, State Summary continued Seats First Preference Votes Candidates Won Number Per cent Swing % Euthanasia Referendum Party 2 4553 0.13 +0.13 Care For Us Party 2 4472 0.13 +0.13 (Godfrey Bigot) People Before Party Politics 2 4463 0.13 +0.13 Hospitals, Education, Law, Privacy 2 4424 0.12 +0.12 Earthsave 2 4070 0.11 +0.11 People Against Paedophiles 2 3934 0.11 +0.11 Independent Community Network 4 3890 0.11 +0.11 Abolish State Governments! 3 3853 0.11 -0.12 A Fair Go for Families 2 3650 0.10 +0.10 Commurtist Party ofAustralia 2 3391 0.10 +0.10 Voice ofthe People Party 4 3260 0.09 +0.09 Citizens Electoral Councils ofAustralia 2 3227 0.09 +0.01 Natural Law Party 2 3212 0.09 -0.08 Give Criminals Longer Sentences 2 3145 0.09 +0.09 Responsible Drug Reform for Australia 2 3138 0.09 +0.09 Republic 2001/People First 15 3076 0.09 +0.09 Outside Newcastle Sydney Wollongoog Party 2 2927 0.08 +0.08 Responsible Gamblers Party 2 2906 0.08 +0.08 No Nuclear Waste Dumps Party 2 2552 0.D7 +0.07 Motor Vehicle Consumer Protection Party 2 2209 0.06 +0.06 No Privatisation People's Party 2 2084 0.06 +0.06 No Badgerys Creek Airport Party 2 2002 0.06 +0.06 Esposito Group 2 1984 0.06 +0.06 Anti-Corruption Party (Insurers, Lawyers, Politicians) 2 1865 0.05 +0.05 Non.Custodial Parents Party 2 1825 0.05 +0.05 Elect the President 2 1720 0.05 +0.05 Australians for a Better Community 2 1679 0.05 +0.05 Reclaim Australia 2 1510 0.04 +0.04 Our Common Future Party 2 1465 0.04 +0.04 Kanan Group 2 1235 0.03 +0.03 Hotel Patrons Party 2 I 188 0.03 +0.03 Reform Parliamentary Superannuation Party 2 1108 0.03 +0.03 Commurtity First Party 2 1027 0.03 +0.03 The Timbarra Clean Water Party 2 871 0.02 +0.02 Tenants Have Rights 2 804 0.02 +0.02 Miller, Bob I 238 0.01 +0.01 Ivof,F I 205 0.01 +0.01 Lang, Chris I 181 0.01 +0.01 Dixen, Mark I 102 0.00 +0.00 Wright, Michael I 44 0.00 +0.00 Watson, Eddy I 31 0.00 +0.00

Formal Votes 3557762 92.83 -1.06 Informal Votes 274594 7.17 +1.06 TumoutfTotal Votes 263 21 3832356 93.11 -0.69 Enrolled 4116059

43 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 7: Legislative Council, Composition by Year of Election Party 1995 1999 Total Australian Labor Party 8 8 16 Liberal Party 5 4 9 National Party 2 2 4 The Greens I I 2 Christian Democratic Parly I I 2 Australian Democrats I I Shooters Party I I A Better Futore For Our Children I I Pauline Hanson's One Nation I I Outdoor Recreation Party J I Unity I I Reform the Legal System I I Independents (a) 2 2

Total 21 21 42

(a) Includes R Jones elected as an Australian Democrat in 1995 and H Sham-Ho elected as a Liberal Party member in 1995.

44 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 8: Legislative Assembly By-elections 1995-1999 Clarence (25.5.96) Enrolled 39919 Southern Highlands (25.5.96) Enrolled 40345 Candidate Party Votes % Swing Candidate Party Votes % Swing

First count First count WoodsH ALP 18030 51.3 +17.1 BlltlerG AD 2155 6.1 +1.6 Wrightson P AD 1415 4.0 +1.0 Chappell C CTA 763 2.2 -0.5 ShannanC GRN 1049 3.0 -0.6 DuncanM IND 1493 4.2 +4.2 Knight G# NP 14662 41.7 -11.3 Seaton P# LP 10565 29.9 -24.7 YeoP ALP 8862 25.1 -7.4 Final count Hodgkinson K NP 11530 32.6 +32.6 WoodsH ALP 19280 55.7 +14.0 KnightG# NP 15352 44.3 -14.0 Final count Exhausted 255 Seaton P# LP 16933 52.4 Hodgkinson K NP 15400 47.6 Formal 35156 98.7 +1.7 Exhausted 3035 Informal 451 1.3 -1.7 Turnout 35607 89.2 Formal 35368 98.0 +1.8 Informal 712 2.0 -1.8 Turnout 36080 89.4

Orang. (25.5.96) Enrolled 39500 Candidate Party Votes % Swing Strathli.1d (25.5.96) Enrolled 38157 First count Candidate Party Votes % Swing TurnerR# NP 16884 48.7 -11.3 Cianfrano R IND 2299 6.6 +3.7 First count Sullivan T ALP 15489 44.7 +14.8 Peterson J CTA 1460 4.7 +4.7 MeagherD GRN 1323 4.2 +4.2 Final count Timbrell J ALP 10484 33.7 -6.7 TumerR# NP 18011 52.6 -13.8 HillR IND 298 1.0 +1.0 Sullivan T ALP 16232 47.4 +13.8 MacCarthy B # LP 15772 50.7 -2.7 Exhausted 429 Newman A AD 1793 5.8 +0.8

Formal 34672 98.6 +2.6 Final count Informal 495 1.4 -2.6 Timbrell J ALP 12522 41.8 -2.2 Turnout 35167 89.3 MacCarthy B# LP 17462 58.2 +2.2 Exhausted 1146

Formal 31130 97.7 +3.1 Pittwater (25.5.96) Enrolled 40585 Infonna! 744 2.3 -3.1 Candidate Party Votes % Swing Turnout 31874 83.5

First count Dimond V AD 4694 14.1 +9.8 Smith G IND 1591 4.8 +4.8 Port Macquarie (30.11.96) Enrolled 42422 Brogden J# LP 16772 50.4 -10.5 Candidate Party Votes % Swing Bristow R CTA 960 2.9 ·0.2 Cairns C GRN 2344 7.0 ·4.1 First count Sargent G ALP 4429 13.3 -5.7 BarrettJ IND 11920 32.2 +32.2 WoodgerJ AAFI 2502 7.5 +7.5 Smith C ASP 2528 6.8 +6.8 KooyB IND 412 1.1 +1.1 Final count Rogers G IND 74 0.2 . +0.2 Dimond V AD 10409 35.0 FarrugiaP IND 603 1.6 +1.6 Brodgen J# LP 19346 65.0 Russell S GRN 1919 5.2 0.0 Exhausted 3537 Hutchinson J AAF1 2273 6.1 +6.1 Oakeshott R# NP 17293 46.7 -5.9 Fonnal 33292 98.4 +2.3 Infonnal 548 1.6 -2.3 Final count Turnout 33840 83.4 Barrett J IND 15268 45.1 Oakeshott R# NP 18559 54.9 '- Exhausted 3195

Fonnal 37022 98.6 +2.2 Infonnal 536 1.4 -2.2 Turnout 37558 88.5

45 New South Wales Election 1999 Table 9: Legislative Assembly Elections 1950·1999 Election ALP LP NP AD DLP GRN OTH Total First Preference Votes 1950 46.7 37.5 7.6 8.2 100.0 1953 55.0 27.9 11.6 5.4 100.0 1956 47.9 35.1 10.2 6.9 100.0 1959 49.1 35.4 8.4 1.3 5.8 100.0 1962 48.6 34.9 9.4 1.5 5.7 100.0 1965 43.3 39.6 10.2 2.1 4.8 100.0 1968 43.1 38.5 10.6 2.3 5.5 100.0 1971 45.0 35.7 8.6 3.2 7.5 100.0 1973 42.9 33.8 10.5 6.0 6.8 100.0 1976 49.8 36.3 10.0 3.9 100.0 1978 57.8 27.0 9.9 2.6 2.7 100.0 1981 55.7 27.6 11.2 2.4 3.0 100.0 1984 48.8 32.2 10.8 2.8 5.4 100.0 1988 38.5 35.8 13.7 1.8 10.2 100.0 1991 39.1 34.2 10.5 5.4 0.5 10.4 100.0 1995 41.3 32.8 11.1 2.8 2.6 9.4 100.0 1999 42.2 24.8 8.9 3.3 3.9 16.9 100.0 Seats Won 1950 46 29 17 2 94 1953 57 22 14 1 94 1956 50 27 15 2 94 1959 49 28 16 1 94 1962 54 25 14 1 94 1965 45 31 16 2 94 1968 39 36 17 2 94 1971 45 32 17 2 96 1973 44 34 18 1 2 99 1976 50 30 18 1 99 1978 63 18 17 1 99 1981 69 14 14 2 99 1984 58 22 15 4 99 1988 43 39 20 7 109 1991 46 32 17 4 99 1995 50 29 17 3 99 1999 55 20 13 5 93

46