BULLETIN NO, Lbb

of South Carolina 1945-55

BY G. A. BILLINGSLEY

BULLETIN NO, lbB

South Cclrolina State Development Board

Prepared Cooperatively by the Geological Survey of the Unitbd States Department of the Interior Columbia 1956 DlWSlON OF GEOLOGY

00 NaT GEl4OtrE FR3Ivl OFFICE ' of South Carolina 1945-55

BY G. A. BILLIN'GSLEY

BULLETIN NO. 16B

South Carolina State Development Board

Prepared Cooperatively by the Geological Survey of the United States Department of the Interior Columbia 1956 SOUTH CAROLINA STATE DEVELOPMENT BOARD COLUMBIA July 1, 1956

R. M. COOPER, DIRECTOR

Members of Board

A. Stanley Llewellyn, Chairman...... Camden

R. Frank Brownlee...... Anderson John P. Cooper Mullins

G. L. Buist Rivers.. Charleston

Francis M. Hipp...... Greenville Columbia, South Carolina July 1, 1956

The Honorable George Bell Timmerman, Jr. Governor of South Carolina

Sir: The State Development Board presents to you Bulletin No. 16B on the "Chemical Character of Surface Waters of South Carolina." The progress of a state is dependent in a large measure on the availability of its natural resources. One of the most valuable is water. It is essential for the public welfare and the economic development of the State. In order to satisfy present and future requirements, it is necessary to know the quantity and quality of surface waters in the State. This publication is the third in a series of reports on the chemical character of surface waters in South Carolina. It incorporates data which will be helpful in answering some of the questions about water resources in the State.

Sincerely,

R. M. COOPER Director CONTENTS

Introduction ...... - 1

Personnel and Acknowledgments 2

Collection and Examination of Samples...... 3

Daily and Monthly Chemical-Quality of Water Status in South Carolina. 1945-54 5

Minimum and Maximum Concentrations of Constituents in Streams 1945-55 7

Mineral Constituents in Solution ..... 8

Chemical and Physical Character of Surface Water in South Carolina ...... 13

TABLES

Chemical Analyses for daily stations Lynches River near Bishopville. S . C .. 16 Saluda River at Chappells, S. C...... 18 Wateree River near Camden, S. C ...... 20 Broad River near Boiling Springs, N . C...... 22 Lumber River at Boardman, N . C...... 24 Pee Dee River near Rockingham, N . C ...... 26 Pee Dee River near Rockingham, N . C 28 Waccamaw River at Freeland, N . C...... 30

Water Temperatures for daily stations Lynches River near Bishopville. S . C ...... 32 Saluda River at Chappells, S . C...... 33 Wateree River near Camden, S . C .. 34 Broad River near Boiling Springs, N . C...... 35 Lumber River at Boardman, N . C ...... 36 Pee Dee River near Rockingham, N . C ...... 37 Pee Dee River near Rockingham, N . C ...... 38 Waccamaw River basin at Freeland, N . C ...... 39 T A B L E S .(Continued)

Chemical Analyses for monthly stations Broad River near Carlisle. S. C...... 40 Broad River near Gaffney, S. C...... 42 Buffalo Creek near Blacksburg, S. C...... 44 Congaree River at Columbia, S. C...... 46 Edisto River near Branchville, S. C...... 48 Enoree River near Enoree, S. C...... 50

Keowee River near Newry, S . C...... 52 Lake Moultrie Tailrace near Moncks Corner, S. C...... 53 Little Pee Dee River at Galivant's Ferry, S. C...... 54 Little Pee Dee River near Dillon, S. C 55 Little River near Mount Carmel, S. C ...... 56 Lynches River at Effingham, S. C...... 57 North Fork Edisto River at Orangeburg, S . C ...... 58 North Pacolet River at Fingerville, S. C...... 59 North Tyger River near Moore, S. C...... 60 Pacolet River near Fingerville, S. C...... 62 Pee Dee River at Pee Dee, S. C...... 63 Pee Dee River near Society Hill, S. C ...... 64 Saluda River near Greenville, S. C...... 65 Saluda River near Pelzer, S. C ...... 66 Santee River near Pineville, S. C...... 67 Savannah River at Augusta, Ga...... 68 Savannah River near Iva, S. C...... 69 South Fork Edisto River near Denmark, S. C ...... 70 South Tyger River near Wmoodruff, S. C...... 71

Miscellaneous Analyses of Streams in South Carolina ...... 72 Combahee River at Cherokee Landing near Yamassee, S. C...... 88

Figure 2 Chloride Content of Combahee River ...... 90

Index to Map of South Carolina. Figure 1. showing approximate locations of sampling stations...... 91

References 98 Chemical Character of Surface Waters of South Carolina, 1 945-55

INTRODUCTION Satisfactory water supplies are among the factors that affect the economic growth of a State. Cities and towns must have adequate amounts of pure water for domestic use. Industries must have suitable water in sufficient quantities for all purposes. Normally, South Carolina is most fortunate and greatly indebted to nature in having an abundant water supply. A water supply may be satisfactory with respect to the quantity, but, owing to the dissolved mineral matter in the water, may be entirely unsuitable as far as the quality is concerned. Some waters may be hard and are objectionable fur domestic and industrial uses because of their soap-consuming prop- erty, formation of precipitates, and scale deposition; others may cause corrosion; and others may contain undesirable quantities of iron, manganese, chloride, and sulfate. Water from streams and lakes contains in solution or in suspension a portion of the most soluble substances with which it has come in contact. The concentration of dissolved minerals in solution in surface waters is dependent upon several factors, namely, type of soil or rocks with which the water has been'in contact, length of time in contact, extent of pollution, and ground-water inflow. Surface waters, particularly tidal streams in coastal regions, may be affected by salt-water movement inland. In addition to the natural processes, industrial, municipal, and domestic wastes dis- charged into streams and lakes may increase the amounts of dissolved mineral matter in surface waters. From a knowledge of the chemical character of the surface waters of South Carolina, information is made available for the most advantageous use of water for industry, public supply, agriculture, and recreation. The data on chemical quality of water are useful for the location and operation of industrial plants; processing, manufacture, and dis- tribution of products; selection, design, and operation of public supplies; control of pollution; and maintenance of wildlife. The investigation of the chemical character of the surface waters of South Carolina was begun in 1945 by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the South Carolina State Development Board. The program was planned and developed to give an indication of the chemical quality of the surface waters throughout the State. This investigation con- sisted of the following phases: daily collection of samples and analysis of 10-day composites of daily samples for a period of one year; monthly collection and analyses of samples for a period of one year; and collection and analysis of miscellaneous samples at selected locations. Two reports have been published giving the results of this investigation. The first report entitled "Chemical Character of Surface Waters of South Carolina, 1945-47" (Lamar, 1948) covered the period October 1945 to September 1947; the sec- ond report entitled "Chemical Character of Surface Waters of South Carolina, 1945-50" (Pauszek, 1951) covered the period 1945 to 1950 and included the data from the first report. This report covers the period October 1945 to September 1955 and incorporates data from the publications named above. Samples for chemical analyses were collected daily at three stations for a period of one year and monthly at 25 stations for a period of one year. In addition to the daily and monthly samples, samples were also collected periodically at 102 sampling sites during the period 1945 to 1955. These additional data made it possible to predict the chemical character of the streams at various points within the river basins. Chemi- cal-quality data on five streams (Broad, Lumber, Pee Dee, Waccamaw, and Catawba Rivers) flowing from North Caro- lina into South Carolina also are included in this report.

PERSONNEL AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation for cooperation and assistance in the continua- tion of this investigation is expressed to the Director of the South Carolina State Development Board and his staff. En- gineers of the Surface Water Branch, U. S. Geological Sur- vey, Columbia, South Carolina, under the direction of A. E. Johnson, district engineer, assisted in this investigation by collecting many of the samples of water and furnishing the discharge records of the streams. The chemical analyses were made by chemists of the Quality of Water Branch, U. S. Geo- logical Survey, under the immediate direction of the following district chemists, Raleigh, N. C.: W. L. Lamar, succeeded in August 1948 by F. H. Pauszek, and in January 1953 by G. A. Billingsley.

COLLECTION AND EXAMINATION OF SAMPLES Daily and monthly sampling stations were established on streams at or near surface-water gaging stations. A list of the sampling stations, including types of operation and period of record, is given in table 1. Location of each of the sampling stations is shown in figure 1. The daily samples were collected in 12-ounce pressure-sealed bottles. Three composite samples were prepared each month by mixing equal quantities of daily samples collected for the first 10 days, next 10 days, and the remainder of the month. A complete chemical analysis was made of each composited sample. The monthly and miscellaneous samples were collected in gallon bottles and a complete chemical analysis was made for each sample collected. Temperature readings were made of the water when the daily samples were collected. Temperature measurements were also made of monthly and miscellaneous samples at the time of collection. The samples were analyzed according to methods regularly used by the Geological Survey. These methods are essen- tially the same or are modifications of methods described in recognized publications for the mineral analysis of water samp1es.l The dissolved mineral constituents are reported in parts per million. A part per million is a unit weight of a constituent in a million unit weights of water. Expressed another way,

1American Public Health Association, Standard methods for examination of water and sewage, 10th ed., p. 1-85, 1955. one part per million equals one ten-thousandth of one percent (0.0001 percent). Results given in parts per million can be converted to grains per United States gallon by dividing by 17.12. A calculated quantity of sodium and potassium, as sodium, is given for most of the analyses. The total hardness, as calcium carbonate (CaC03), is calculated from the equiv- alents of calcium and magnesium. The hardness caused by calcium and magnesium (and other ions if significant) equiv- alent to the carbonate and bicarbonate is called carbonate hardness; the hardness in excess of this quantity is called noncarbonate hardness. The color of the water was measured by the commonly adopted platinum-cobalt standard. The unit of color is that produced by 1 milligram of platinum per liter, dissolved as platinic chloride, with the addition of enough cobalt chloride to give a color matching the shade of natural water. In order to show a rough indication of oxidizable matter at the daily stations, oxygen consumed was determined on unfiltered and filtered samples by the procedure in Standard Methods. The results for suspended matter are only approximations as the samples were collected primarily for the determination of the dissolved constituents. However, an attempt was made to get integrated samples from top to bottom at a point in the stream where there was good flow. The quantity of suspended matter was determined by filtering a suitable sample through an asbestos mat in a Gooch crucible and weighing the dried residue.

QUALITY-OF-WATER STANDARDS FOR INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL USE The selection of an industrial site or of a source of public water supply requires information on the supply of water and its chemical and physical qualities. Industry not only needs an ample supply of water but also a water that meets the specific requirements of its processes. The quality necessary depends upon the particular uses of the water, and the standards required cover a wide range.2 Much of the water

2American Water Works Association, Water quality and treatment, table 3-4, Water quality tolerances for industrial applications, p. 66-67, 1950. TABLE 1. DAILY AND MONTHLY CHEMICAL-QUALITY-OF- WATER STATIONS IN SOUTH CAROLINA, 1945-54

Drainage Period Frequency Stream and Location Area in of of Sq. Mi. Record Sampling

Pee Dee River Basin Pee Dee River near Society Hill Monthly Pee Dee River at Peedee .. Monthly Lynches River near Bishopvil1e~--- Daily

Lynches River at Effingham ~~ ..---- Monthly Little Pee Dee River near Dillon. Monthly Little Pee Dee River

at Galivants Ferry ~..-- ... ..-.. --- Monthly Santee River Basin Buffalo Creek near B1acksburg~--- Monthly

Wateree River near Camden ---~--- Daily

Broad River near Gaffney .....----~ Monthly North Pacolet River at Fingerville . ..------.-~-.~.~-----..... Monthly

Pacolet River near Fingerville --- Monthly Broacl River near Carlisle ..~-----.... Monthly North Tyger River ~iearMoore --~ Monthly South Tyger River near Woodruff . ..---.-----.. Monthly Enoree River near Enoree --- ...----. Monthly Saluda River near Greenville . .--- Monthly

Saluda River near Pelzer ------.~ ...- Monthly Saluda River at Chappells . ~--~ Daily Congaree River at Columbia ...---- Monthly Lake Moultrie Tailrace near Moncks Corner Monthly Santee River near Pineville -...--_... Monthly Edisto River Basin South Fork Edisto River

near Denmark ~ Monthly North Fork Edisto River

at Orangeburg . ~ .---- Monthly Edisto River near Branchvi1le~----- Monthly Savannah River Basin Keowee River near Newry ....------Monthly

Savannah River near Iva ~ --_...... Monthly Little River near Mount Carmel-. Monthly Savannah River at Augusta, Ga ... Monthly used by industries is for cooling purposes and this requires no particular tolerance as far as chemical quality is concerned, as long as the supply is not excessively corrosive. Many other water requirements in actual plant processes are so exacting as to require preliminary treatment of any water used. Since the water-quality requirements of industry are so varied, no attempt will be made to classify the quality of the surface waters of South Carolina as to suitability for a specific industry. The data included in this report will aid any industry to determine if the water will be satisfactory for their use. If the quality of the raw water is not satisfactory, these data will enable prospective users to determine the type of treatment needed and cost of such treatment. Unlike waters used by industry, chemical specifications have been accepted generally for waters used domestically. These chemical specifications are independent of any sanitary specifications established for protection of the public health. In 1946 the U. S. Public Health Service published drinking-water standards for interstate carriers and others subject to Federal quarantine regulations.3 The American Water Works Asso- ciation adopted these standards as criteria of quality for all public water supplies. Some of the chemical constituents, the concentrations of which should not exceed those shown, are as follows: Maximum allowable concentration Constituents (parts per million) Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) together ...... 0.3 Fluoride (F) ...... 1.5 Magnesium (Mg) ...... 125

Chloride (Cl) ...... 250 Sulfate (SO4) ...... 250 Dissolved solids ...... 500 (1,000 permitted)

Waters with more than 1,000 ppm of dissolved solids are likely to include certain constituents that make them unsuitable for domestic or industrial uses.

3U. S. Public Health Service drinking water standards, 1946, vol. 61, no. 11; Mar. 15, 1946. In addition to the chemical specifications for public water supplies, there are certain physical characteristics that should be considered. Turbidity, color, odor, and taste are objectionable and should be held to a minimum. Physical characteristics recommended by the U. S. Public Health Service are as follows: turbidity should not exceed 10 ppm (silica scale) and color should not exceed 20 on the platinum-cobalt scale. No objectionable taste or odor shall be present. The minimum and maximum concentrations of constituents reported in the analyses for streams in South Carolina, 1945- 55, as compared to the maximum allowable concentrations recommended by the U. S. Public Health Service, are given in table 2.

TABLE 2. MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM CONCENTRA- TIONS OF CONSTITUENTS REPORTED IN THE ANALYSES FOR STREAMS, 1945-55l

U. S. Public Health Minimum hlaximum Standards ( PP~) ( PP~) ( PP~)

Silica (SiOz) ...... 0.5

Iron (Fe) .. 0.00 Calcium (Ca) ...... 0.3 Magnesium (Mg) ...... 0.1 Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) ...... 0.4 Bicarbonate (HC03) .. 0 Sulfate (SO4) ...... 0.4 Chloride (Cl) ...... 0.5 Fluoride (F) ...... 0.0 Nitrate (NO3) ...... 0.0 Dissolved solids ...... 13 Hardness at CaC03 .... 1 pH ...... 4.1 Color ...... 2

1Streams subject to tidal effects not included. 2Total solids may be as great as 1,000 ppm if water of lower mineral content is not available. 3Platinum-cobalt scale. MINERAL CONSTITUENTS IN SOLUTION Factors influencing chemical and physical character of surface waters are dependent principally on the climate and geology of the region, and the extent to which the streams are subjected to pollution. Small quantities of dissolved matter are brought to the earth in rain water. As the water descends toward the earth, carbon dioxide and other gases are dissolved in the water thus increasing the solvent action upon rocks and soils. The amount of material dissolved by rain water after it reaches the earth depends on the additional solvent action it gains by percolating through soils rich in humus and carbon dioxide, the nature of the rocks with which the water comes in contact, and the duration of contact. During periods of heavy rainfall, the runoff is generally rapid and the time of contact with the rocks and soils is relatively short; therefore, the surface water will usually contain smaller quantities of mineral matter and larger amounts of suspended sediment than during dry periods when streamflow is principally due to ground-water inflow. Pollu- tion, another factor affecting the chemical quality of water, may .occur by the addition of industrial, municipal, or domestic wastes. Surface waters in the tidal reaches of the streams are affected by salt-water encroachment. The source and significance of the determined constituents are discussed below. Silica (SiO.). - All surface waters in their natural condition contain some silica which is dissolved from practically all rocks. Many natural surface waters contain less than 5 ppm and few contain more than 30 ppm. The use of water for domestic purposes is not affected by the presence of silica; however, the presence of silica affects the industrial use of water because it has a tendency to form a scale of the analcite series in boilers which, when deposited on metal surfaces re- ceiving high heat input, causes damage in a short time. Silica also forms troublesome deposits on the blades of turbines. In South Carolina, the concentration of silica, in those waters in which it was determined, ranged from 0.5 part to 32 ppm, with the average of somewhat less than 15 ppm. Iron (Fe). - Iron is often found in natural waters since it is present in many rocks and soils. On exposure to air, normal basic waters that contain more than 1 pprn of iron soon become turbid with insoluble reddish ferric oxide produced by oxidation. Surface waters seldom contain as much as 1 pprn of dissolved iron, although some acid waters carry more than 1 pprn in solution. Some colored surface waters from swampy areas contain organic iron which may exceed 1 ppm. Iron in excess of 0.3 pprn causes reddish-brown stains on white porce- lain or enameled wares and on fabrics washed in the water. In excessive amounts, iron interferes with dyeing, tanning, and the manufacturing of paper and photographic film.

Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). - Calcium and magnesium are dissolved from rocks and soils and all waters contain these elements in amounts varying from less than 1 pprn to large quantities. Calcium and magnesium cause hardness in water and contribute to the formation of boiler scale and deposits in hot-water heaters and pipes and in water systems. Most waters associated with granite or siliceous sands contain less than 10 pprn of calcium and magnesium; water in areas where rocks are com~osedof dolomite and limestone may contain as much as 100 pprn of calcium and magnesium. Comparatively large quantities of calcium are also dissolved from gypsum. The calcium and magnesium content and hardness of waters greatly affect the industrial utility of the waters.

Sodium (Nu) and potassium (K).- All natural waters contain compounds of sodium and potassium dissolved from rocks, but they make up only a small part of the dissolved mineral matter in most surface waters in humid regions. Natural waters that contain only 3 or 4 pprn of the two together are likely to carry almost as much potassium as sodium. As the total quantity of these constituents increases, the proportion of sodium becomes greater. Moderate quantities of these two constituents have little effect on the usefulness of the water for most purposes, but waters that carry more than 50 to 100 pprn and used in steam boilers may require careful operation of the boilers to prevent foaming. Waters that contain a large proportion of sodium salts may not be satisfactory for irrigation. Except for those streams affected by salt water intrusion, the sodium and potassium generally did not exceed 100 ppm. Bicarbonate (HC03) and carbonate (C03). - Bicarbonate occurs in waters largely through the action of carbon dioxide, which enables the water to dissolve carbonates of calcium and magnesium. Carbonate is not present in appreciable quantities in most natural surface waters. The bicarbonate content of waters from some areas of siliceous rocks and soils may be less than 10 ppm; waters from limestone may contain as much as several hundred parts per million of bicarbonate. Bicarbonate in moderate concentrations in water has no effect on its value for most uses; however, large quantities will cause foaming and priming in boilers.

Sulfate (SO4). - Sulfate is dissolved from rocks and soils, and in large quantities from gypsum, beds of shale, and deposits of sodium sulfate and other soluble sulfates. It is also formed by the oxidation of sulfides. Some high-sulfate industrial wastes, such as acid mine drainage and pickling liquors, will increase the sulfate content of natural water. Sulfate in water containing calcium forms a hard scale in steam boilers and its presence may increase the cost or influence the choice of the method of softening the water.

Chloride (Cl). - Chlorides of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and other cations normally found in water are extremely soluble; consequently, chloride is present in surface waters in all parts of the country. Natural or unpolluted surface waters in humid regions are usually low in chloride. Sewage increases the chloride content of surface waters. Con- siderable quantities of chloride may be found in surface waters where the streams are affected by sea water as a result of salt-water intrusion from tides. Large quantities of chloride may affect the industrial use of water by increasing the corrosiveness of waters that contain large quantities of calcium and magnesium. Except for those streams in the tidal reaches, the chloride did not exceed 40 ppm in those samples examined.

Fluoridc (F). - Fluoride occurs in nature in the minerals fluorite, cryolite, apatite, and others, and is found in all the major types of rocks. In most natural surface waters it is present only in very small concentrations. Considerable evidence indicates that about 1 ppm of fluoride in water de- creases incidence of dental caries (decay of teeth) when the water is consumed by children during the calcification or formation of the teeth. Fluoride in water exceeding about 1.5 ppm is associated with the dental defect known as mottled enamel, if the water is used for drinking by young children.

Nitrate (NO3). - Nitrate is usually present in natural waters in relatively small quantities. It is derived from decaying organic matter, sewage, nitrate fertilizer, and nitrates in soils. It has been reported that as much as 2 ppm of nitrate in boiler water may prevent intercrystalline cracking of boiler steel. Studies indicate that nitrate in excess of about 44 ppm in drinking water may be a contributing factor or the cause of a condition in infants known as methemoglobinemia or infant cyanosis (Waring, 1949).

Dissolved solids. - The quantity reported as dissolved solids (the residue on evaporation) consists mainly of the dissolved mineral constituents in the water. It may also contain some organic matter and water of crystallization. Waters with less than 500 ppm of dissolved solids are usually acceptable for domestic use and some industrial uses. In some industrial processes such as steam-power production, where chemical quality is critical, the concentration should be much lower. , In other processes such as cooling, waters with higher content of dissolved solids may be used. The dissolved solids may be detrimental or beneficial depending upon the concentrations of the individual constituents and the particular use to which the water is put. Hardness. - Hardness in water. in respect to both domestic and industrial use, is of great importance. In domestic use, hardness is recognized by the difficulty in obtaining a lather without an excessive consumption of soap; the insoluble, sticky curd that results with the use of soap; and the scale formed in vessels in which the water is boiled. Industry gives great attention to hardness in water supplies because of its effects in the various processes of manufacturing and on the manufactured product, and because of the scale deposited in hot-water pipes, hot-water heaters, and steam boilers result- ing in economic loss through loss of heat transfer, increased fuel consumption, and breakdown of equipment. Calcium and magnesium are the principal constituents that cause hardness. Other constituents, such as iron, manganese, aluminum, bari- um, strontium, and free acid, also cause hardness but generally they are not present in sufficient quantities to have an appreciable effect. Water with a hardness of less than 60 ppm is usually rated as soft and suitable for most purposes. Waters with hardness ranging between 60 and 120 ppm may be considered moderately hard, but do not seriously interfere with the use of water except in high pressure steam boilers and in some industrial processes. Waters with hardness ranging from 121 to 200 ppm are considered hard, and, in many in- stances, laundries and industries may profitably soften the supply. Waters with hardness greater than 200 ppm usually require some softening before being used for most purposes.

Color. - Color in water analysis refers to the appearance of water that is free of suspended material. The color of surface waters varies with the regions through which the waters flow. Generally, waters are colored by organic matter leach- ed from plants, tree roots, and organic compounds of soils. Highly colored waters may contain enough organic matter to cause foaming in boilers, may hinder iron removal and hot phosphate softening, and can stain processed products. Also, color is objectionable in public water supplies from an esthetic point of view.

pH. - pH is a logarithmic expression of the hydrogen-ion concentration. It is the negative logarithm of the number of moles of ionized hydrogen per liter of water. A pH value of 7.0 indicates that a solution is neutral being neither acid nor alka- line. Waters having pH values progressively lower than 7.0 have logarithmically increasing hydrogen-ion concentrations, whereas waters having pH values progressively above 7.0 have logarithmically decreasing hydrogen-ion concentrations. An ar- bitrary value of 4.5 has been selected as the reference value of pH to delineate between waters with free acidity and those with alkalinity. Waters having pH values below 4.5 have free acid; those above 4.5, alkalinity.

Specific conductance. - Specific conductance is the recipro- cal of resistance and indicates the ability of a water to conduct an electrical current. It varies with the concentration and degree of ionization of the different minerals in solution and with the temperature. It furnishes a rough measure of the mineral content of the water but, by itself, does not give any indication of the relative quantities of the constituents in solution.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS IN SOUTH ,CAROLINA

Plzysiographic regions in South Carolina. - South Carolina is divided into three physiographic regions, the Blue Ridge province, the Piedmont Plateau, and the Coastal Plain province. The Blue Ridge province, in the northwest part of the State, extends over an area of approximately 500 square miles in the northwestern parts of Oconee, Pickens, and Greenville Counties. Generally, this province is rugged and timber covered and is underlain by granite, gneiss, and schist. The Pied- mont Plateau, an area of about 110,500 square miles, covers most of the northwestern third of the State and also is underlain mainly by crystalline rocks. Soils in the Piedmont are generally rich sandy loams suitable for profitable cultivation. The Coastal Plain province, with an area of approximately 20,0100 square miles, extends from the Piedmont Plateau to the Atlantic Ocean. It is underlain mostly by unconsolidated rocks. The elevation ranges from about 400 feet to sea level. Swamps and marshes are prevalent near the ocean. Headwaters of the larger river basins such as the Pee Dee, Santee, and Savannah Rivers originate in other states. The Edisto River which has a drainage area of 2,983 square miles rises in the Piedmont Plateau between Columbia and Aiken and flows southeast into the Atlantic Ocean. River basins originating in the Coastal Plain are the Combahee and Broad River Basins. Except for streams subject to salt-water intrusion, the surface waters analyzed were of good chemical quality and would be suitable for nearly all domestic and industrial uses with little treatment. Most of the samples were low in dissolved mineral matter and soft. The dissolved solids ranged from 13 to 298 ppm and the hardness ranged from 1 to 51 ppm. Ob- jectionable amounts of iron and color were present in some of the Coastal Plain streams. In the tidewater regions of the Coastal Plain, the chemical quality of surface waters varies with the tide and the extent of salt-water intrusion. The influence of salt-water intrusion on the chemical quality of the surface water in the Combahee River is shown in figure 2. Both points, Combahee Landing and Cherokee Landing, are within the tidal reach. During the period of record, the chloride content ranged from 6.0 to 12,000 ppm at the Combahee Landing; whereas about 4% miles upstream at the Cherokee Landing, the chloride content ranged from 5.0 to 5,290 ppm. Some streams in South Carolina, particularly in the Pied- mont Plateau, carry relatively large quantities of suspended sediment during flood periods. The Mountain and Coastal Plain regions have more vegetal cover than the Piedmont Plateau; this tends to prevent heavy erosion of land, which is the largest contributing factor to suspended sediment in streams. The relatively level topography of the Coastal Plain also tends to retard rapid runoff.

TABLES OF ANALYSES

The following tables present the data on chemical quality and water temperatures of surface waters examined during the period 1945-55 in the following order: daily stations, monthly stations, and miscellaneous sampling stations. The heading of each table for the daily station includes a descrip- tion of the station location, drainage area, records available, and values for extremes of dissolved solids, hardness, and water temperature. This is followed by the chemical analyses ,of the water for composite periods and a table of daily water temperatures that were obtained at the time the samples were collected. Tables of chemical analyses for monthly stations follow the tables for the daily stations. Miscellaneous streams are listed in alphabetical order. Following the table of miscellaneous analyses are data showing influence of salt water intrusion in the Combahee River. TABLES BCO'I 698 LOL L98 BZ1'1 098 0 V1 CT Oat 8.5 0.c 6.i. I1 CS 0.L 1T 1.L 91 S'S 8'9 2.1 E'E L'9 8 TT C'S 1.L t'C T'L 9 6'E 8.C B'L ------9'L W2 9 6'C 7,'s O't 0'8 ------oc-1:: "ON 8 O'S O'L 0.7 6'L -----.----oz-I1 '&ON I1 I't 0'8 t.C --..-.-----01-1 '"ON B 91 9.q 2.6 9'Z ::: ------1c-TZ '150 W ST t.t 9.8 6'2 t.8 ------02-71 '150 L.0 C'C ----- SZ 8.8 21 O'R 1 L5t81 .01-1 '150

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BROAD HIVGR NEAR BOILINI' EPBINGS. N. C.

MCATI0N.--At bridge on county road, a quertar of n mlla domstrel. from gaelng atstlon, a qwrtor or a mils upmtrenm from Sandy Run Creak, and 3-1/Z milea southreat of Bolllng Springe. clevsland County.

DRAINAGE IRE*.--BE4 aquare mllss. RECORDS AVAILABLE.--Chsmlcml anelgacs: October 1915 to Ssptsmbsr 1916. Water temperatures: October 1815 to September 1816. ??'?'? ??9?'?? RRNNNN NONNNN 8 s x :: .2 - 01 N,m - -4 B u I..60-

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9-288 h Chemical mnl~ae.. in put. par million, of .pot .ample. I-7 -1 I I I

NO". 3, 1944------827 -- 7.1 0.06 0.8 0.7 5.0 11 2.3 3.2 -- 0.2 Sept. 29, 1948------6.1 .11 2.0 .7 1.6 1 2.1 3.2 0.3 .3 Jan. 5, 1849------5.8 .07 1.8 .6 3.7 5 3.2 5.0 .1 .3 act. 1------698 -- 7.2 .09 1.2 .6 3.3 6 2.0 3.8 .O .3 Pab. 1, 1855------1,240 42 -- -- 2.4 .7 -- 2 8.0 1.2 -- .5 sept.1 ------1,180 -- 8.9 .67 1.8 .1 3.8 1.1 4 4.2 1.3 .O .I PEB DEE RIYPl U8II

PEE Dm RIVE3 YEAR ROCKINGHAM, Y. C.

IDCATION.--At gaglne atatlon at brldg. on U. S. Hlgtm.9 74, 1 mllo upetrou from Palling Creek, 4 mils. dommtrou from 81.-att Pall. hydroelectric plant, and 6 milea maat of Hocklngham. hlctmond County.

RECOhm AVAILABLE.--Chmlc.1 an.1y.o.: October 1846 to 8ept-be* 1947. Wmter tsmpemturea: October 1046 to September 1847 EXThEYES. 1846-47.--Dlsaolvad aolido: Maximum, 67 ppm J.n. 1-10: rinlmru, 44 ppm lur. 1-10. Hardno..: Maximum, 21 ppm Dec. 21-31. Jan. 1-10, May 21-31, June 1-10; mlnl-, 16 pp* Mu. 1-10. 11-20. Apr 11-90. Sept. 21-30. Water temperatures: Mmxlmum, 83' F. Aug. 23-27; mlnlmum, 30' P. Peb. 0.

..tor 7o.r October 1846 to Septabsr 1947 P.---- Bpctlic ca.d"ct- Date of collection mce pA Color (micro- mhos .t 25'C) Oct. 1-10. 1846--- J1 oct. 11-20------Oft. 21-31------NO". 1-10 ------NO~.11-20------NO". 21-SO------

Dee. 1-10------.- hc.11-20---.---- kc.21-31------Jan. 1-10, 1847--- J.". J.". 11-20------Jm.21-51------

Feb. 1-10------Qeb. 11-IS------Peb. 20-28------Mar. 1-lo------I.r. 11-20------Ysr. 21-51 ------Apr. 1-10 ------Apr. 11-20------Apr. 21-30 ------1-10------May 11-20------May 21-31------.- Y??"? 9"???4?1 =tCDDDDD WDCCCC

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Average------

.... '

Data of collactlon psndrd Udll- FU- att" tered tered

Lars. proportton or orsanlc mmttar pr.0rc.t; .Yor nlrar.1 cor..tl*u.r.tm 33 pp.. bra. prrportlon or 0rp.slc mattar pr...nt; .u or mlnkr.1 cc~..tltuanra 28 ppm. Urge proportion of or#ullo r*tt.r pr...nt; muor m1Rr.l cor..tltu.nr. 25 ppr. LYNCHES RIVM BEAR BISHOPVIUE. 9. C.

8-267 b Temperature (O F.) or water. water year October 1945 to September 1946

Day October November December January February June July August September -- 4 5 68 46 70 45 68 4 3 6 9 43 --

Average ------SALUDA HIVEH AT CHAPPLLLS, S. C.

9-267 b Temperature (O F.) of water. rater year October. 1946 to September 1947

October November April May June

48 64 68 51 64 67 53 54 70 52 63 71 53 6 5 69

54 65 70 54 6 6 73 56 6 5 74 56 64 74 57 63 75

56 62 74 56 60 73 59 64 73 58 65 71 58 66 72

50 66 72 60 67 73 60 68 73 60 60 74 60 b8 74

60 69 74 60 68 70 60 60 73 61 60 7 1 62 60 73

65 68 73 62 68 74 60 70 74 02 70 75 6 3 70 74 -- 70

58 66 72 WATnIIEE RIVW HEAR CAMLIW. 8. C.

emperature (D F.) of ptember 1947 October 1 November December Janwry July 1 September -- BROAD RIVER HEAR BOILING SPRINGS, N. C.

Day I October

Average ------LUMBER RIVER AT BOARWAN, N. C.

9-261 b Tsm~eraturelo F.) of water. water year October 1946 to September 1947

Day October November December January February March April May June July August September

1 ------66 67 -- 42 54 40 52 72 74 80 80 79 2 ------61 66 50 42 53 4 1 58 71 74 80 80 7 9 3 ------61 66 4 5 50 4 5 4 1 62 66 75 78 60 80 4 ---.------60 66 45 50 49 42 58 66 76 79 76 79 -- 65 65 76 5 ------.------62 66 43 40 40 78 77 80

6 -.------63 61 43 50 39 4 4 6 5 66 7 6 78 77 80 I -.------65 58 43 45 46 43 71 65 77 77 77 80 8 ------68 6 3 -- 50 43 43 68 68 77 75 78 80 9 ---- 68 61 45 49 - - 43 66 65 74 72 78 77 10 ------67 60 4 5 45 -- 41 65 65 8 1 72 78 77

11 ------65 60 49 44 36 4 3 68 6 5 82 75 76 78 12 ------.---66 61 62 - - 38 44 72 62 81 78 79 76 13 ------..-----62 58 56 51 42 48 72 68 7 9 78 78 77 14 ------58 53 53 50 40 55 65 72 78 76 7 9 77 15 -----..------.58 52 - - 51 4 5 53 64 72 78 7 6 80 78

16 ------....------58 51 52 6 5 70 11 54 4 5 5 3 79 75 81 76 ------60 - - 52 55 44 47 68 72 76 77 80 18 7 5 ------64 55 51 50 48 4 9 64 72 81 76 80 76 19 ------65 53 46 -- 46 4 5 64 75 80 76 80 77 20 ----.-----.------63 53 44 51 45 43 64 - - 77 76 80 7 6 21 -.------63 55 46 51 4 4 51 70 77 76 76 81 76 22 ------61 56 -- 23 ------45 43 53 6 3 76 76 7 6 79 78 58 55 4 4 42 43 53 62 75 72 76 79 77 24 ------.---...-- 58 - - 44 42 38 54 66 73 7 5 75 78 66 25 ------63 54 45 44 42 5 5 67 74 7 5 72 79 68 26 ------62 56 4 4 4 4 42 5 1 67 27 ------.---- 75 74 76 79 64 63 58 4 5 48 39 48 67 7 7 77 79 62 28 ------..------.64 58 46 48 39 49 - - 78 7 4 76 • 79 62 29 65 56 - - 50 ------46 68 78 7 4 76 77 60 65 56 53 59 30 ------..------46 69 75 70 79 78 63 31 ------67 -- 4 9 56 -- 56 -- 74 -- -- 78 --

Average ------63 58 47 48 4s 47 65 71 77 1 76 1 79 1 74 PEE DEE RIVW NEAh ROCKIUGHAY, I. C.

Temperature (O F.) of water, water year October 1846 to September 1947

Day I October May June September

Average ------62 51 48 ra 16 GO 6 8 PEE DEE RIVW UEaR ROCKINCHAM, U. C. W0,

9-267 b Temperature (O F.) of rater. rater year October 1947 to September 1948

Day October November December January February Much April May June July August September

1 ------64 64 48 - - - - 39 49 66 73 79 83 78 2 ------64 64 48 -- 34 39 49 67 72 79 82 78 3 64 64 49 - - 35 39 60 68 72 79 82 78 ------50 78 4 ----.----.------65 64 50 -- 35 39 67 71 79 81 65 6 4 49 - S 40 50 67 72 80 81 78 5 ------..------

6 ------..------69 64 49 - - 36 4 1 51 67 7 4 80 81 77 7 ------.--..----.---69 64 49 - - 35 4 1 52 66 74 81 80 77 8 --....-.------.----68 64 49 -- 35 40 53 66 74 80 7 9 77 9 ..69 64 50 34 39 53 66 74 80 80 76 - - 64 76 10 ---.----...------69 - - 50 -- 34 40 67 7 5 80 80

11 ------6 9 62 49 43 - - 40 54 67 74 7 8 79 76 12 ------68 61 49 43 -- 40 55 68 73 78 79 75 13 ------68 69 48 42 33 41 55 68 7 4 78 78 74 14 ------.-.-.----.--68 58 48 39 34 41 5 5 68 73 78 78 74 55 73 15 ---.------.----Be 57 47 41 34 42 6 9 74 79 - -

16 ------...------67 56 4 7 42 34 4 3 56 69 74 80 78 72 17 ------67 55 4 7 42 35 44 56 70 75 80 78 72 18 -.------67 54 46 42 36 45 56 70 75 80 77 73 19 -.--.-..------68 53 46 40 36 4 5 57 70 7 5 81 77 73 20---.------.------68 52 46 41 36 4 5 58 69 76 81 77 74

21 ------77 73 22 ------64 51 45 39 35 46 62 69 75 80 67 51 45 39 35 4 6 63 69 75 80 77 73 23 ------67 51 44 38 35 46 63 70 76 80 78 72 24 ------67 51 43 38 35 46 64 70 77 81 78 72 25 ------.-67 50 42 37 35 4 7 65 70 77 81 79 7 1

25 ------67 50 42 37 36 27 ------47 66 71 76 82 79 71 65 49 42 38 37 47 68 70 76 82 80 70 28 ------.65 49 42 39 38 47 67 70 77 82 80 70 29 ------65 4'3 42 39 39 48 66 70 7 7 82 80 7 1 30 ------64 40 42 38 - - 48 6 5 71 78 83 79 7 1 31 ------64 -- 43 38 - - 48 - - 71 -- 83 79 - -

Average ------67 57 46 - - - 35 43 1 57 69 75 80 79 7 4 WACCAKAW RIVkh AT FREELAND. N. C.

Day I October 1 November 1 July ( August 1 September

50 fin

Average ------I bROAD hKm Urn CARLISLE, S. C.

L.QCATIO,~.--A~gagin= atatlon nt bridge on State Hlgbway 72, 2 miles upatream from Slndy River, 2 m11sa doatream fro. Seaboard Alr Line hallway brldgc, 2-1/2 milea saat of Carllalo. Union County, and 5 milaa domatreem from Iisslm Shosls am. P DRAINAGL AhEd.--2,780 square miloa. approzIlutel7.

RBC(IIIDS AVAILA~LL.--Chemical analyaea: October 1847 to September 1018. water tsmperntwea: October 1847 to Scptmber 1848.

EXTRUdES, 1847-48.--Masolved solida: Inximum. 46 pa June 15; minimum. 32 ppm Yob. 17. Hardnsaa: Maximum. 18 ppm Dec. 15; rinlmu. 11 ppm Oct. 15, Psb. 17. July 16. hater temperature.: Maxlmum, 81° F. July 16: mlnlmum, 37' P. Jan. 18.

8-268 h Chemicnl uraly.s., in part. per million, water yeu October 1047 to September 1948. ..I0 9 Dissolved 4pscUlc Tem- ~~d~~~~ Oxygen solids taco, conduct- consumed SLiica lron Uate Nitrate SUS- 8 ate d collection dlgehgge YL- mce pondad ((514) (Fe) ) (Nos) on wsp- NO"- (micro- (crs) (~1) (F) alcium, F,,- Imtter tG orattcn mhos at ",,f"- &,,,luFarbon- tered tered a 180'~) ate 2s.c) z, Oet. 15, 1847------2.070 -- 8.8 0.17 2.8 0.8 4.0 18 2.5 2.4 0.1 0.5 56 11 0 7.0 7 5.6 1.0 108 Nov. 17------7,880 -- 8.8 .05 3.5 1.2 4.3 18 4.2 2.0 -1 .1 37 14 0 6.8 10 4.P 2.7 104 M 15------3,650 42 14 .08 4.5 1.e 4.3 25 3.2 2.5 .I .3 44 18 0 6.8 8 3.0 2.5 21 Jan. 19. 1848------3,640 37 14 .06 3.8 1.7 5.0 24 3.6 2.5 .1 .1 42 16 0 7.1 40 1.2 1.0 10 <* ~cb.17------ti,Z00 44 10 .02 2.8 1.0 3.7 14 3.5 2.5 .O -6 32 11 0 6.9 16 5.2 1.8 R6 ei ~al.12------3,840 52 12 .O1 3.6 1.3 5.1 18 3.3 4.8 .1 .4 35 14 0 7.1 5 .8 .I 18 m Apr. lo------4.L40 66 13 .02 3.3 1.6 4.3 21 2.4 2.8 .I .3 38 15 0 7.1 25 1.1 1.0 4O Pa, 19------5,140 72 12 .09 3.8 1.3 4.6 21 3.3 d.5 .1 .7 40 15 0 7.1 5 1.2 .8 0 $ juns is------5.8 25 2.2 1.1 .1 .6 46 15 0 75.8 6.8 18 5.7 4.5 64 8 ;uly 16...... ::fit :P ::: ::: 4.3 ie 2.1 2.1 .i .a 37 11 o 6.4 5 3.8 2.6 105 ~ugI&------2,100 13 .02 3.3 1.5 6.2 22 3.0 3.8 .1 1.5 44 14 0 6.7 3 2.2 1.3 56 14------P .JOO 12 .02 2.8 1.3 5.2 21 2.2 2.4 .1 .6 42 12 0 6.8 6 2.4 1.4 42 - "?: t??? t"? 99 A**- OONN OIOW a* ~DODnwoo -re- D-

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OOOC 0000 03000 o-mm me-. moc~o ?* m.0.'9 ON-- 44'"- d '"dm BWPLLO CREEK UEAU BUCKSBURG, 8. C.

LOCATION.--At brldge on State Bigh.ap 5, l-l/4 mllo. northelat of 81.sknburg. Cherokee County, and l-1/P alla. .bow. mouth. DRAINAGE AREA.--176 aquare mllos. RECORDS AVAILABLE.--Chomlc.l amlpos: Oetobor 1952 to September 1953. water tompormturea: October 1952 to September 1953. EXTREUkS, lD52-53.--Dlasolved solldm: Marlmum, 54 ppm May 1s; mlnimum, 42 PPm Jme 12. Hardnc..: Y.rlmu, 17 ppm Oct. 15. DBc. 15, Ptb. 17, July 16; mlnlmum. 12 ppm June 12. Wster temperatures: Mulmm. 81' P. Aug. 14; mlnlmum. 34' P. DBc. 15.

0-268 h Chomlcal amly~a.. in part. per mllllon, rater year October 1962 to September 1953 - - - .'..' Diesolved @acULc Tem- Po- ~~d~~~~ Oxggen rn- Blcnr- sollds ,C~O, conduct- consumed %-- bonde Suunte (residue MC~ slum (tin) slum :%- :$- (ACO,) (80.) (CI) (F) (NO*) on evnp- c.lciw, NO"- (micro- (He) (,) Oratlm ~gneslu~carbon-mhos at UdU- PU- at 180°C) ate 25°C) tered tered

Oet. 15. 1952------91.1 59 16 0.13 4.3 1.5 6.2 1.2 24 2.8 6.0 0.1 0.6 53 17 0 68.9 6.5 6 2.5 1.8 8.6 26 3.0 6.5 .1 .6 53 16 0 70.1 7.0 5 2.2 1.5 7.0 23 3.3 6.2 .1 .6 52 17 0 68.1 6.6 16 3.4 2.0 5.1 2.7 20 4.0 5.5 .1 1.1 50 16 0 63.0 6.6 4 4.8 2.6

46 13 .07 1.0 1.6 5.5 18 5.1 5.1 .1 1.2 46 17 2 58.8 6.8 6 8.1 2.5 57 13 .07 3.8 1.4 6.0 19 4.5 4.9 .1 1.1 44 15 0 61.1 6.4 7 2.6 2.3 60 14 .03 3.5 1.5 4.D 1.0 21 3.4 5.6 .1 .4 44 15 0 61.3 6.6 4 2.0 2.0 71 15 .06 3.2 1.7 8.0 24 2.7 6.0 .1 1.6 54 15 0 77.7 6.8 18 2.9 1.9 72 12 .04 3.2 .9 6.8 17 5.8 1.2 .1 1.6 42 12 0 70.1 6.2 18 -- -- 7.5 25 4.3 5.2 .1 1.4 52 17 0 75.0 6.5 8 -- -- 10 25 2.4 8.2 .2 .6 53 14 0 86.6 6.9 6 5.1 2.7 7.9 2.2 24 3.0 7.4 .1 5 50 15 0 76.6 6.9 6 3.0 2.6 rnro aro~yo

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e..U I. R 2.3:: EDISTO RIVW BASIN

EDISTO hlVkR NLAH IhANCHVILLE. S. C.

LOCATION.--At eaglng atation IW reet dornatrssm from bridge on IT. S. Hlghrsy 21, 4.7 nilea dometream from Briar branch, and 5.2 mllss south of Branchville, Oran&sburg County. DRAINAGE A=.--1.720 aqlura mllas,~pprorl~rsly.

FBCOLDS ~v~1~AILL.--Chsmlc.1arullyass: October 1849 to September 19SO. h'eter temperature^: October 1948 to September 1850.

ExTHmES, 1948-50.--Dlaaolvsd aollds: Maxlmum, 13 ppm July 18; minlmm, 25 ppm Apr. 19. Bardnoas: Maxlmum, 11 ppm Julg 19; minimum, 6 ppm Fab. 20. Wrtar tempcraturaa: Maximw, 790 B. Julg 19; mlnlmum, 49" P. Peb. e0.

8-268h Chmlcel analgses, In parts per mlllion, water year October 1849 to September 1850 *a,,, Dissolved SpecUic Tem- Po- ~~d~~~~ Oxygen MBM solids taco, conduct- SUB- per.- ~uica ~ron z-Miurn ~ne- SuUate Nitrate consumed dtgchuge Slum slum bonate '2; T9- penasd () 'FB)S10,) (Fe) S;? (Na) (HCO.) (804) (CI) (F) on evw- .matter ;yj (He) (Kj oration ;alc'Ym, carbon- mhosat "dl,- Fil- at 180~~)ma~C"uu ate 25'') tered tered

0Ct. 16, 1818----- 1.850 68 8.6 0.13 2.e 0.7 2.8 0.6 8 1.8 3.8 0.1 0.2 38 8 2 28.8 5.9 45 15 9.5 No-. 16------1,540 57 8.0 .06 2.2 .6 2.4 6 1.5 3.5 .0 .1 ms. 15------1,510 51 9.0 .05 1.9 .6 3.1 8 1.6 3.8 -0 -3 gz Jan. 17, 1850----- 1,610 58 6.2 .07 2.1 .7 2.8 -7 1.8 4.0 .1 .5 28 28.7 ii! Fcb. 20------1,540 48 6.2 .07 1.7 .5 2.5 6 1.4 3.6 .1 .1 26 25.1 8.2 6.1 Mar. 18------2.160 56 3.2 .05 2.3 .6 3.1 10 1.8 3.5 .0 .O 27 29.5 5.9 l:!: 6.9 APr. 18------1,300 58 3.8 .07 2.0 .5 2.7 .5 8 1.7 3.1 .0 ,I 25 25.7 6.1 20 8.0 5.8 Yay la------815 72 5.1 .07 2.0 .5 3.3 8 2.1 3.0 .0 1.6 26 [ [ 28.5 5.8 12 I 6.0 3.5 June 11------1.300 71 6.4 .23 2.1 .5 2.6 7 2.1 3.2 .O .7 34 7 2 28.6 5.8 27 8.1 6.5 Julg 19------1,310 79 10 .27 2.8 .8 3.0 .5 8 3.7 4.0 .1 .7 43 11 4 37.0 5.7 40 11 8.1 Au(. 15------720 76 8.1 .07 2.0 .7 2.6 0 1.7 2.E .1 1.1 26 8 1 25.2 6.0 17 4.1 2.7 Sept. 21------1.580 73 7.6 .16 2.1 .5 3.1 .6 8 1.8 1.4 .0 .2 41 8 2 30.5 5.9 1 50 12 10 EQLDO omn NRIE ON",

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c no,-" 25s .04N ooom om*. =s ,-SI 1 O4NN 4NNN N4NN 1 Chemical snalysaa. In psrts per milllon, of

0.09 2.6 :".32 I::3.8 1 Jsn. 5, 1952------,ihY5------Jsn. 14. 1853------June 25------SAVANNAR RIVER BASIN

LOCATION.--At gaging statla" 0.4 mile upatream from Sirmlle Creek. 1 dle domatrssm frm Little River, md 1.5 .Ilea saat of Nesry, Oeonee County.

DRAINAGE AHFA.--455 .QU*rs Mils.

RECORDSAVAIL*BLE.--C~~~~.~ malyaca: October 1853 co September 1854. Water tempcrnturea: October 1853 to September 1951.

EXTREYIS. 1853-51.--Dlaaolved aollda: Mazlmum. 31 ppm Sou. 16; mlnlmm. 19 ppm Jan. 16. nardne..: Marlmum, B ppm act. 11. NO". 16, M.~ 16, 16. sept. 17; m~n~mum.5 ppm. DL~.15, JB~.16. ~eb.1:. Her. l5 Water temperaturae: Hazlmum, 82' P. Aug. 15; mlnlmum, 15' P. Dec. 15.

8-288 h Chsmlcsl malgaea, in pwta per mlllion. mattr year October 1913 to September 1954 L.).I Dissolved Specllle Tem- Po- nvdness Oxygen ~01- ~~eu- aolldtl ca.o, conduct- consumed pera- SUicn on %-- sodium t"- SuUate Nitrate (restdue ., Date of collection dLsycge bowe yz tue (Na) slum ("a) 0" NO.- (~10,) (Fe) (HCO,) (CL) (F) evw- lclum, (z::O- udil- FII- (OF) 7:: (W) (=) carbon- mhos at tered tered :Fenealm ate 25'C)

Ort.14.1Bb3----- 500 61 13 0.05 2.2 0.7 2.8 1.1 14 1.5 1.2 0.1 0.1 30 8 0 13.0 6.3 8 2.5 1.6 sov. 16---.-.----- 102 18 15 .07 2.1 .6 5.2 15 1.1 1.2 .0 .3 31 8 D 18.7 6.4 11 1.6 1.2 ~c.15-.....--.... 2,700 15 8.8 .08 1.1 .I 1.1 6 1.8 .8 .O .2 20 5 0 37.2 6.3 21 3.0 2.6 Jan. lE, 1951----- 11.100 16 5.7 .03 1.1 .I 1.1 .6 5 2.0 1.2 .O .I 19 5 1 20.6 5.6 6 -- 1.8

~~b,IS------.. 878 48 10 .01 1.1 .5 2.6 9 .8 1.2 .1 .2 22 5 0 20.2 b.4 3 2.1 2.0 yap, 15-.-..-.---- 1,500 52 8.0 .02 1.1 .I 1.8 7 1.2 1.0 .1 .5 20 5 0 21.1 5.7 lh 1.5 2.1 Apr.. I.------1,210 58 8.8 .O1 1.8 .b 2.1 .7 0 .R 1.2 .2 .5 23 7 0 6.6 8 2.5 1.1 May16------1,290 61 7.R .00 1.1 1.1 1.2 .7 10 2.5 .O .O .I 25 8 0 :::: 1 6.1 3 2.b 1.8 June 16------740 76 11 .OO 1.8 .8 1.5 .8 10 1.5 1.2 .1 .7 26 8 0 25.8 3.2 1 2.6 ( 1.6 ~~l~16...-----.-- 376 79 12 .05 2.0 .5 2.1 .7 14 1.2 1.2 .O .1 29 7 0 28.5 6.3 8 -- I 1.6 A~~.16- ...-..--.- 235 82 11 .04 1.8 .7 2.1 .8 11 .6 1.2 .O .I 28 7 0 28.2 6.6 7 .- 1.6 Srpt. 17------203 80 10 .06 1.9 .8 2.5 1.1 15 .7 1.5 .O .6 30 b 0 31.7 6.6 1S -- 1.8 - Chcmlcal anrlyaas. In parts per mllllon, of spot .amplea - - Z0.9". 2t-04...... 'N'O -C?- R?-. -0.C coo0 0000 rooe rmmr rm~mrcmr

cccc occn wwwo

I s NIIO RccN 0o.o mmd 4: ." 23 3; me-rn m40c emme -4 4 2 Fi o *a 4 - hX 2l 3 Z~H~IZwmro Nyoc Nwwn --oc *cay RILO~ ;$EZ Z aPz -go% V1 o Q= -0-N. . . . y~y?yryy sp 0 ::m E- : A8- ?99"991? 1191 4 2~50

g-: ?9?9 +OAR mmnw. . . . rccc 4 4 4 LLLLLL,, YU-YUII CICCIIC CCCCCCL) aaamaa3 8686161

YUUYUYY 3333333 CCCCCCC woo0 ooow mmwm ~a~~~~~ - mmawm?Oa LLCLLCL AN AN. 0000000 CCCCC*I 0000000 CCCCCCC I,,, IIII ,888 0000000 I,,, ,I,, ,Iff 31331d3 ,,,, sm,, ,,,a C.+CCC" ,I,, I,,, ,,I, LLLLLCL t,,, ,,,, t,tt 0000000 ,888 ,!,, ,,mm 6azanaaa 011- ill, ,,ll 0000000 o1,n 88,' llll m1,m 111, ,111 kkkkkk~ 4,,4 ,,,, ,,m, -8,- 11,' 111c wnna onw, men4 4444 -Ado 444 ...... a,..> CZoC PLCAg:sa zzzi .ow*. .n+o NNO 1 I ;dad d,;dd ddd 1

22 a- -0-0 -0-m a u $e:C id;; in;; 4:: u$s;"i-$ ......

1 ON" I

r(r(r(r(r(r(r( om* ****.I* LLLLLLL CCCCCCC 3-43333 aaaaaee 4-4 CCCCCCL. 0000000

COCCiiC ,st, ,,#P 888 I I I 0000000 ,,a, ,,,m 888 , , , 33333d3 ,,,, , (0, 18, I,, """UIU" I,,, IJII ,!I 1 I I LLLLLLL I I I 0000000 I,,, ,I,# I,, I I I aG.aaaaa NI10 ,a,, ,,a wmo 0000000 "3,~n(I~I III .*LO LLLLLLL m,,m ,I,, I,! mmm aEIaaaEIa 48,- ,,a, 888 ,, ,098 ,,a UOYUaIVII .I I - I I I I 1111 - -- III*mIII%UC C annn wan, no4 iVIW ii6.6.6.6.- r(Ar(r( dd". rtrl r(Nr( *ma**** ...... -2-3.2-2.2.24 2,YC Y**X Ldi uoo* oaa* m t. a onn- ax41 sum 1 2 Vra h'nk\'b\\ =. 4 N r( m~rtw...... mor YIYI'D. oow =.". (D "-

.-.A.... ?77?9 NNN" C.,N*"N

N.2:..a,.,. N'DNr(k-4 o.o'D 'Doorno

ON30 N'O'D-40 9999 91199

OWNN "NIC-* 4NA -444 NNN NANN NNNr(r(

"ON0 0O.I I 'NO "r('D'DLO I lPW PC-YIP0

? mror '~mrn-~ mom. 001- + 4.

,n,m ,,m,, ,#,# I,,,, ,I,! I,,,, so%:888, t,,,, ::: mom1 100 44- 8 mm 8-4 ---,8 -4 ,,- - 0.I.O -.m -* 4N-4 r(mrt*C" ..e. " N ... gp;?: mowoi. . . . 00-3. . . . "79 wwe1 ewww nemw

Nom mNm3 mmvu ."""I... .NPC

1 ON00 Or"- CON"

ormr r~owwmwr

Nm-m%.WOW moo*mmNm om"mmo: mrrr 4m.r NNmw 4 1 ?!: 2.;:: :: NNN DNN* N4

40. ONN0 odor -040

2 WrfN ma52 f.omm

m, 32klm 1 . ; ; ws - ; $?g@20:: 4.N" 0-1- -0-Dl On"" "No" RNN* 5 ,$:.am C 0.0 -0 d 1 2 - ?"NA...... "NN" 4*0" 2%-$g-

9999 ?39? 1??? ""NO ""ON ANN" I

0'. 'D N. m - m DNON DNNN r( 3 ;i: -I..-= $ 2,: E 4 4dl - L k .- a ; :zk C ." 4 P C. 0 -.U asiPC h om C. sa2 0 PPC ij B ;+ PP4 ADdN ""NO .-,",A. 4 B 9 2: gw.. ???? ???? ???? D -. m $$ @; 0 a j "0 4ca E sm0 12;;: C .-a .. m ..A0 2 .'m*mm ' 25 ;*- P .4 C : :: :-i 2 .P 0 wE.5 E 6 -45 :a2 4 a 00 -Na 5. 2 a.. 91.. "J ." "" ;jri: ;; 2 ;j ,.;? LU w 4. mma SANTE6 RIVER BASIN

NORTH PACOLLT hIVLh AT Z'INGEHVILLL. S. C.

LOCATION.--At eeging stetlon at McMlllln Mill, .bout 400 feet domatream from Obsd Creek, and 1 mile aouth of Pingarvlllc, Spartenburg County.

DPAINAGE ARE*.--116 Bqusre milea.

RECORDS IVA1LAMLL.--Chemld anelyaee: October 1951 to September 1952. Water temperntu~ea: October 1951 to September 1952.

EXThLFrS, lBbl-62.--Dlaaolved aolida: H.ximum. 58 ppm Nor. 15; minlmum. 33 ppr Her. 17. Herdneaa: Marlmum, 18 ppm Oct. 15; minlmum, 11 ppm Map. 17.

8-288 h Chomlcel analyses, in perta per mlllion, water year October 1951 to September 1952 bx

aywn consumed Date of collection

tered tered

Chemical malyse., In psrta par mllllon. of spot ssmplaa ~ - 111 lS41 4117 0.47: 1 CRNR ANON R."N 1 m s

IIII ,#I#IIII I,,, IIII ,I,, I,,, ,,,I I,,, S I,#, IIII I,,, n,,, ,084 o,,, 0 I,,, IIII I,,, a m,,m 0~14818, .I I. I I I I I,,, m,,m loll ,888 A,," I),, I,,, I, I,!, II1, c ? .;Add Add: Add2 4""" "A"" ""A 4 ...... Oh.' 7 L*" P*Lh "ma ssri :as1 2s:: 1 tzzg Size 00.. mmm* 0. NNNN 4-44 am2X El22 2: -, 9

I,,, I,,, ,111 ,,I# 4 4 I,,, I,,, IIII ,111 wmI,,, iI,,, ;$; i,,,I iii i;;IIII ; ii

444 I 1141 1101 1411 om 0 h 0 4 l.c 4 u cU 0C

0 3s L *>Ch YOU. 4 ? Y % $2 . . iE - * s I G d Q 5m -02; rl ..C . 2 Bb E .c..

; 2 "?Fmrl* a" Y a AC. . LID 0 -4s *L 'A. ,? .a 0: -sz g., Y, $2, nu N a E L U~L m u* my . A, 8 -2 L. :;0" ;; ilk ,, 3; 222 3 " -> 0; a:,: Y) L0 m m ..N a hE '0 .. Oi .-'a :: z;" R dB. a- . AK. -0 rn :=E! 2Y Z 51 '%S 0 4 Y 0PL YI E 4" 0 a 2; z0 :2= mu 6.3. 0 , 15.. 1-.. C 0 0. z ;; 2:: em 8, ?52 ma N IY I I(Y 0, 4 .a .a- -3 N "16. OZi 6.8 1 1-10 10 u P N I 2: $..D $2I I $ $J 23" tN u >L CL ie :z $:: WB 4 CIS ID* C ZZ li u hO il: 0 <" C S BP 5 MCATI0N.--At bridge or. U. 5. High-ly 76 at Peadea, Marion Count]., 0.2 lallc domatream from Atlantlc Coast Line he:lrosd bridge and 8-1/2 dlcs downatream from Black Creek.

DRAINAGE MFA.--@,83O aqlure mllear npprorlmtely. mCOrDS AVAILA3LL.--Chemical malyara: Oetaber 1848 to September 1P49. Water tempsr.aturos: October 1848 to September 1848.

1XThthE. 1948-4P.--Dlraolvsd solids: Maximum. 15 ppm Nov. 20. Dec. 18, Apr. 17; mlrrimum, 61a ppm Jan. 15. Hardness: Yelinm, 18 ppm Ear. 17; minimum. 13 ppm Oct. 15. Jan. 15, Peb. 16. hettr temperatures: Maximum, H6O F. Stpt. 18; minimum, 16O F. Jan. 15.

anelyaer, in parts per million. wetrr gear October 1948 to September 1949. *.I,. ~issoived nardness specuic conduct- Orygen Sodium sulfate' (:::iEe as consumed ha- :k:i 'g- *- ance ended slum (N~) slum5 pH Color 1 (HCO,) (So4' 1; (NO,) on evap- mleium. (mlcro- 1 Unftl- FII- 1%-(Hg) 1 1 1 1 1 1 sgne.1 arbon- mhos at ate 25°C) tered tered

Oct. 15, 1948----- 6.6 25 NO". 28------6.6 11 L mc.lo------6.6 20 Jan. 15, 1948----- 6.6 11

6.3 16

6.6 6 6.4 11

Chemical analyaea, in pert* per million. of apot aamplas

Apr. 23, 19.53------8,3e0 64 8.8 .03 3.6 June 11------7,MO 78 -- -- Apr 28, 1954 8,540 2 1::; 08 4.0 Pm. 17, 1955------I 11,100 I I I .O1 I 1.1 m-ma mln~rt- -4-4- ddd.4-

"'4 "'4 . . 4749 CON" 0 A + ;;;;I

5 ,a? mm-a 4-0- -*nu, = NNN- -ANN NNR* g:: . :a5 a .f h N.-: c.4 - . m , 2:; -N 8 " 4:. 2 k .-."

4 0." .. 0 +nC.m $ IN 2 j:; "t 5;: 0 L .-a 4 .+ ,, 22 .. .=& YO. mum ., . -3 c h og. 2 2. ?: 2-4 I..CO nag . '9 0, e -0 .:; &. &. .o :,a . 0 4N z,*. 0

'.a P: ;j8, 92:."": 8.: 8.: !MU ;.; .,: 2:; n,ma, il ,a,, ,a,, 888, a,,, #!,, ,,,, "l(l JII, I,,, 4 $a g is a,,* ,111 I,,, mtau, I,II II,, l * >l. C* AIIm I,,, I,,, #I4 ,,I, I,,, ; w *J zz: -0, llll ,,lo o 0 ;o 2 2.m= W..2x1 mom - -Om I mm-0 ...... LLC 22; U>YY DLLn "Od. m.aq OZ~Pa=** ??mm5; tt SANTEE RIVW BASIN

SALUDA hIVm NEAk GREMVILLL. S. C.

LOCATION.--At bridge on State High.ay 13. 500 feet dommtraam from gaging atation, 1.5 milo. do-natream Pro. Smludm Lake Dam. 2.6 mlloa upatrou from George Creek, md 4.5 milom rest or Greenvilla. Greanrrilla County.

DRAINAGE ARE*.--283 aqlulra milea. HECORDS AVAILABLE.--Chamical amlymoa: October 1950 to September 1951. Wet~rtemperatures: October 1950 to September 1951. EXT~~MLS,1950-51.--Dlaaolvod aolida: Maximum. 36 ppm July 16; nlnimum. 24 ppm Apr. 16. Hardness: Maximum. 10 ppm Aug. 15; minimum. 5 ppm Apr. 16. Weter temperstur.ea: Maximum, B4O P. Aug. 15; minimu. 41' F. Jm. 13.

8-268 h Chemical analyses, in pnrts per million. mator year October 1950 to September 1951 ..I,'

Qrygen COnSumed

UdU- PU- tered tersd oct. 16, 1950------307 6 14 0.06 2.2 0.6 2.8 1.0 15 1.4 1.4 0.1 0.1 30 0 0 28.8 6.8 7 2.0 1.4 Nov. 15------361 54 14 .O4 1.8 .6 3.3 13 1.1 1.6 .O .1 28 7 0 29.7 6.5 7 1.3 1.2 mc. 15------536 42 10 .02 1.4 .5 3.3 11 1.5 1.5 .O .2 25 6 0 25.1 6.5 8 1.8 1.1 Jan.13.1951------283 41 9.4 .O4 1.0 .6 3.6 1.0 13 2-6 1.2 .2 .3 28 7 0 26.7 6.8 11 3.5 .7 Feo. 15------422 45 15 .02 1.5 .5 3.1 11 1.6 1.2 .O .2 28 6 0 27.5 6.4 3 2.2 1.7 Mar. 15------660 48 14 .Oe 1.6 .6 3.2 12 1.2 1.4 .O .4 28 6 0 26.9 6.4 2 5.8 2.4 Apr. 16------636 60 11 .O4 1.3 .5 1.3 1.1 8 1.1 1.1 .O .2 24 1 0 24.1 6.3 3 2.7 2.2 May15------436 69 13 .O4 2.2 .7 3.7 16 1.2 1.2 .1 .3 31 8 0 31.8 6.2 4 3.6 2.4 June I&------344 11 12 .05 1.6 .6 3.7 13 1.2 1.5 .1 .4 28 6 0 26.0 8.2 4 4.1 2.4 July16------406 80 15 .03 2.2 .8 3.9 .0 16 3.3 1.5 .O .3 3d 8 0 32.1 6.9 23 2.0 1.6 Aub 15------227 84 15. .O4 2.4 .8 4.2 18 1.3 1.6 .1 .2 32 10 0 31.3 6.2 5 3.8 1.6 sept. 17------.- 210 13 11 .02 2.0 .7 2.9 1.2 14 2.0 1.4 .O .3 28 0 0 28.0 6.2 7 3.8 2.4

Chemical tnllyaam, in part. par million, of mpot smmp1.a

Pup. 13, 1946------310 -- 13 0.35 2.3 0.9 3.0 June 14, 1949------755 71 14 .02 2.0 .8 3.6 15 1.51.4 APr. 21, 1955------473 66 11 .06 2.0 .5 1.9 0.9 11 1.4 7 2 ' a- *NAN...... *ON0 ..CNN o NNNN 4NNN NNNN 8. u- mmew .OAO 6 9999 9999 XZ.8; b22 - 0

ja LO. . NIN~e.4~-. - - 444 444 j; m ?,--A

NOON 90w0 OW00 woe* DLOW~cmcm O4mw ;82-

NWWC "0"N a*** mnrc mrrm OW~LO

4 SAhTEL RIVER BASIN

LOCATION.--At gsglne .tatLon 3.0 mllea upstream lrom Deld Rlver, 3.3 allss d0rn.tre.m lros Like Yerlon Dm, md 6.7 mllea weat of Ylnovllle. Berkeley Countg

Dh~rNAchAhEA.--14,700 squrre mllea ~pproxlmatelg.

HtCOhm AVAIUL8Lb.--Chemlca1 Inalgsea: October 1851 to September 1852. wa~erfempsratu!er: October 1951 to September 1852. u~i,trt~,lY51-52,--D~ssoloedsolids: Mnllmum, 64 ppm Oet. 18; mlnlmum, 13 ppm Apr. 15. Hardneea: haxlmum. 22 p~mAnp. 15; mlnimum, 15 ppm Jan. 15, Apr. 15. Rater temperatures: Kaxlmum, 840 P. ~uy.15: mlnlmum. 51' F. Jsn. 15, bat. 15.

V-260 h Chemlcsl nnslyars, In parta per mllllon, water year Octooer 1851 to September 1852 - I.))I 'em- Dissolved Hudness SpecUlc Po- sallde hygen Mem Cal- t=- Blear- as taco, conduct- consumed discharge Iron tz- sodium Sulfate Nitrate Date of c~lleetl~n slum slum bonlle YL- ::- ance (",=) (SIO,) (Fe) (N.) (SO.) on evw- NO.- (micro- if; 7:; (Hg) (,) (HCO,) (CI) (F) Calclun Unfil- FiI- ,naeneaiu;carb~n- mhos at ate 25°C) lered tered

Oct. 18, 1851------68 12 0.05 5.2 2.0 8.3 1.7 32 7.0 7.2 0.2 0.5 21 0 80.1 6.9 33 3.2 3.0 15------18 0 18 0 78.276.4 7.27.1 108 4.65.4 3.82.1 D~C.Jan. It,15------1 19ti------ii i! .06 3.6 1.1 6.11g.5 !i 1 !:i !:! 15 0 67.> 6.8 8 3.7 2.8 Feu. 15------584 51 6.0 .05 4.2 1.6 7.6 24 6.2 4.5 1.1 46 17 0 76.4 6.6 5 3.0 2.7 Mar. 15-.-.-----.--- 12,200 53 8.7 I .10 3.6 1.6 I 6.3 20 6.3 3.e 44 16 0 63.3 7.0 6 4.2 2.8 Apr. 15------1,050 58 8.7 .04 3.8 1.1 4.8 1.0 18 5.0 3.4 13 15 0 52.5 6.5 10 5.8 1.1 May 1>-..------..- 671 68 8.1 .10 4.6 1.6 5.6 21 5.5 3.0 ::.5 48 18 0 60.8 6.5 6 3.5 1.1 Jun. 16-...------671 HO 7.0 .10 4.5 1.6 5.e 25 4.2 3.6 ii.O .6 15 18 0 65.1 6.1 4 3.8 2.8 July 15-.-.-.------756 81 8.2 .05 4.8 1.8 6.0 .8 28 3.3 3.6 .2 .6 48 19 0 70.1 6.1 5 4.0 2.8 Auk. 15--..-..------515 84 li .02 6.4 1.5 6.6 30 5.1 4.0 .2 .5 51 22 0 71.3 6.6 2 2.2 2.0 scpt. 15------528 76 11 .03 3.8 1.4 6.7 .8 24 4.6 3.8 .2 .8 50 16 0 66.0 6.3 25 3.8 2.1

Chemle~lanalyses, In plrtr per mllllon, of apot sample. vmcm.... mmm~.... onrr.... 5 mmmm mmmm OOOD I

'.=af? "ON.... 1 IN"" INN" 9- :=a?T y?lY ???? Ii 1 NNWN NNNN "NNN 1

- .Ln 2:; 2:; aGY gq 0 .. L ":LO ":LO %$ P. m 2 .$ ei5 c 5 z *,on- nnno ~non -..-a .. ?1?? "?? ???? g2: a C 2 .a "6.9 IS.d.C - 4 J, n.. -0 0.3 .m 'P 'P

P""i 6.4 2 a* 4 s m0 413 1 :;;4 ... ,I,, ,I,, 0 * L #II#I,,, "7 a. ,,,, ,,,, 010I1L 0081 It,, I#,, I,,, x .. @ ,408 I,,, U 1a .AX?, : A ; 2:; u rwm 8 0 l ol"2 . -44 8 m 8 4- 3 3; 4 .., 8 4,, -. .m0 1 .OON gs: N4-m "NAN w. w. " AY3 . . i l" I. ", - -. E..L *C 0 a . ., *a - NS 0 "a 3 a - - I . EW. i N 3-u

MU. i L s d .--0

i 0 :: g ;:- 0. "3. ,;9 ' .B --.5 Y 4s E6i A 3 CGr( r( n ~LB B ma-i i o....

A2 :$ur ;.;;66. -4 --.< '- oyU *d, m a .-a A .. +n n i., .. 0 i?0 .m mA 0-

4 c- -r r. ;3 v.86 " B *: ,g; 00c:i * . CO 7 ir 0.i 4 a=- 0 no",. om*. "NRN 1

0 n I, Id, W N . YIaiiIc,. .

-iil L 013' :: s 5: 2;: *LL 4

994? t?rf. yq?? -:a 4 zm- ~m~mwmrm m~mw

oaa# ,388 ,483 a,,, ,844 ,,,a ,a,, ,,#, ,,,, 880, ,,,I ,a,, ,,,, ,a,, ,,,, a,,, ,a,, ,,,, 011" ll,, l,,, "7110 a,,, I,,, maam I,,, 1\01 A##+ #,,, ,,,, a, I,,, ,/I, -1,. ,884 I,,* C'ODW 'Om I mww3 334" "330 ""3 rl ...... Vb.0 CCYE PGLX;g%g 52:: SANTET RIVER BASIN

SOUTH TYGIiR HIVE8 NMWOODRUPF, 9. C.

LOCATION.--At &a&ine station at Cheanes Shoals, 0.5 mile.upstrean from eonrluancs with North Tyger Elver and 5-314 milea east of Woodruff. Spsrtsribure County.

D~AINAGF.AREA.--171 square milea. RKCOilUS AVA1LABLb.--Chemical analyasa: October 1952 to September 1953. water temperatures: October' 1Ft2 to September 1953. IXThLMIS, 19b2-53.--Dla%olved rolida: Hsximum, 50 ppm Aue. 15; minlmum, 30 ppm Peb. 15. Ha~dnasa: Maximum. 16 ppm Apr. 27; minimum. 10 ppm Ost. 15, Fet. IS. Were? L~mptraturt~:M~ximum, 77" P. july 15; minimum, 38" F. he. 15.

ar,slyara, In parts per mlllion, ahtrl year OctoLrr 1952 to Srptembt~ 1953

Tern- Mem Blear- conduct- dischuge pera- Silica iron Date of collection bonate (,,,) (,,,) tun (910,) (Fa) ;$ I I I I mhos at Oct. 15, 1952----- 80". Is-.--.------Dee. IS------Jan. 15, 1953----- Fe,,. 15--.------$isr.. 15------API. 27---.--.-..- 21 Mas I>--.-.------20 ?'O.'Y.? 9: 1'1 '0. 9 :? 9'": im. ?%'0.'0.17:LD.Y.S A " 0 "ON 0"" 0 m~'0- ca $szg= a o azm c- wan c momma ooX08

u a I 6 5;;Br LCi I 1 15'. ?".& x7l ;x?;<:'97 ?".YN. &?? c u u om mm oo am 30 ~rnncowoo moon^ 'N a mr "20 *.

Ouah Rlvsr at Ncrbarry------r'sb. 21. 1951- Cane Creek near Beat Ilnlon------Jlmt 13, 1950- 67.8 Ccne Creek near Heat Unlon------Oct. 4, 1951-- 24.2 Cane Creek near. Weet Unlon------May 21, 1952-- 56.1 Cane Bevsnnah Crsak near Sumtor--- Au6. 10. 1951- 10.0 CannonaCrssk near Yomaria------I hag 10 1950-- I--17.8 Catarbn iliver near hock mil------I se~t.64. ie46 1 2.510~ iatarba Fiver nsel Hock Hill------~ei.14, 1951- Catsrts River. near Rock Hill------Apr. 15. 1955- 1.500 9 Cedar Creek at Society 9111------Yay 31, 1949-- P 58.6 MISCELIAhEOUS ANALYSLS OP 8TWSIN SOUTH CAROLINA--Continued (pag. 8) 4 A

Chemicsl a-lysea, In pnrta per million. October 1845 to September 1855

Chlo- Fluo- source

Csdsr Crsev at Society Hill------Nov. 28, 1818- Cedar Creek st Soslety Hill------Feb. 27. 1850- Ced.1 Creek at Soslsty Hill------Apr. 25------Cedar Creek st Society Hl11------June I------cedar creek at Society Hill------June 26------Cedlr Crsrk st Soslety Hill------Nor. 22------Cedlr Creek at Society Hill------Lay 11, 1851-- Cedlr Creek at Society Hill------Sopt. 12------Cedax Creek at Society Hill------May 27, 1852-- Cedar Creek st Society Hl11------Apr. 24, 1933- cedar Creek at Society Hill------June 2s. 18:s- Cedar Creek at Soslety Bill------Oct. 29------Cedar Crser st Society Hill------Apr. 29. 1951- Csdsr Creek st Society Hill------bay 26. 1955- CI,nug. hlvsr near nratmlnlater---- bar. 16------

Ch.u&e hivsr near hentmlnirtsr---- hay Bb------173 Cherokee Creak st Cafrney------Pet. 11, 1821- -- Coneross "rsok at Richlend------ms. 1, 1848-- 70.5 Coneross Crsek st Rlchlend------May 12, 1850-- 53.2 Coner~ssCreek st Rlchland------1 No". lb------50.2 Consross Creek at Rlehland ------I Mev 17. 1851.- 1 48.3 1 15 I .03 1 2.8 coniro.s Creek ~t a~rnm~nd------1 oci. li------1 27.1 Cansross Creek p. Richland------Pny 22. 1952-- 57.6 Conbelee Craek nap? Cnvee------her. 30. 1948- 252 Conpalre Creek near csyee------I hou. a:------1 212 1 6.5 1 .02 1 1.0 I Conearee Creek near Cayee------IApr. 24. 1850- 3.3 Conkwee Creak near Cayee------Jan. 20. 1951- con~srseCreek near Csyce------bay I,/------coneeree Creek ncn~Csyce------Se~t.12------1.8 C~ngsrreCreek nelr Ceyce------~pr.16, 1952- 3.1 """9. . <"999 49419

"99 99Y1 Y? ' NNNON NAAO", OEOOR 4

,,,,, ,,,,, ,,,m, ,m,,, ,I,,, ,I,EC I!,,, 1llOO I,,,, 1,1114 #,,,I IIfaa It818 11166 #,#I,,,I** ,,I,, IIIDZ w1)aoo owa """YO UUULS. *,.X*X *-**a 0**00 UCIXULI U""EE u L. Lk'.*L ..LC.** 1*.'3 *a*** **a** aYaa4 aouoc &-urn>> >>!Pa ccci. EOE34 -r- 6.G 6L '11 xrssx 191 OYaDY OoaYD 000 OIYDa aoa3- -3 Jxx L-LLk LkiSd SdlOd "JUOCI UUUU" "UJYY 11" L'. DUOO* UYO** -=*OX aYwDa uouz: izu kilil ii~siirm~n *a**- ***a- *ccac Pl_lll*l LOIUW.,", .I. 0"" 29,228CSEEC 88882ECCOO OC-C 0 0 ????? ?"??: "993; CO<

1 # :9- 4 '4'49 m. ?? '4 0 .+M N rl NN LL a- - a"??. . 9 4 4 T"?Y ? 4 99 91 NPON P 1 ~m **-PO 20: o nn 10 9- A 1- e0 -I ? ??4 f. m. C; N "PP 0 OW (0 (0 4 y?:94 FYN.?? ?9?11 41F424 ???91 -A N ~nr( n l 0 -4 A A MNN.?" 4::3c a-

, ???:? 199197 ??? 4 ????? 99141 ??? NmnRD 110NN OfOOf NNNDI PR0Wn NN-43 :<: 4 4.- a WNONW @-ON0 1O0NO NOfNO NfNON 4DNPm o -o ??"< 71999 ?9??? ????? 99999 49949 --LS 0 a - 0 0 f. q N. '4 m. 0: rl N ??%? ?rn . . -0. f04PC NO1OO WODOm 0-000 ONPPP -44-I- 41+I 34- *NAN- A 4- A4 m- I!! I

l!III IIIII #8,8# I,,,, ,,,8# I,,,,,,,,# ::A3: I I,,4 1 ,'01 I,,,, IOL4, ,PI, 1 ,Aon, 10.0- m-na,

"::9 :'::& .dCEL: CdUU* LLLLt. LLOOL aIYIYIY0 Us)1rlO ceecc r>--.r ,,,,,+ + + + 4 ;=?El 00000 OODD" *'Y" LuuuO mmrnrnm DDCCL ++++I( I(+YWO nwwS5: n 3%Zw"6 Kings Creek st Kinge Creak------Kov. 16------1 18.0 lb .09 14 9.8 4.0 63 4.0 2.2 .1 .1 75 61 0 118 7.6 / ti Kine. Lreek st Kine0 Lrsak------Yay 8, 1851--- 33.e 12 .O1 14 3.e 4.9 b4 4.4 2.6 .1 .4 74 51 0 118 b.e 3 hinee Creek st Kin~eCreek------Dct. 15------12.1 15 .04 12 3.3 17 87 4.7 d.0 .2 .2 88 44 0 157 '1.1 7 aines Creek st Kine8 Creek------Apt. 22, 1952- 40.1 13 .01 14 3.2 8.0 72 4.3 2.6 .0 .1 81 48 0 129 7.2 3 ~inestlecSrsmp Cerml neer metre Me) 23. 1851-- 2.24 14 .04 e.3 1.6 1.C 31 5.6 0.0 .? .P 65 27 2 58.3 6.b e

c GNB: D Canal >ear Kln~~t~eeOct. 31------.68 17 .l? 11 1.7 a.3 46 4.7 b.1 .3 .5 75 24 0 107 7.0 li, Leken Is, lor-: anlti ir Diversion canal ,!ear tinrvllle------btpt. 21, 1846 11,100 1/ 10 .16 3.e 1.4 6.7 25 3.e 2.9 .2 .8 46 15 -- b.6 :j Lakes barion-houltiic Iriv~rrion Carlnl nrar Ptntvtlle------FsD. 15, 1849- 29,500 9.6 .10 3.6 1.5 5.0 21 3.5 3.0 .2 .4 42 1t 52.5 6.8 7 5 Lawtori loxk Creck st Spe~tnnb~r&--Nov. 13, 1953- 29.1 11 .06 4.0 1.1 7.C 25 3.4 4.0 .2 1.0 47 14 L~WSO~~30rk Lreek at sportsr,our.~-- JL~L:.., 1gL,4- 46.2 12 .GO 4.4 .8 6.9 22 5.9 4.2 .1 1.8 48 lb

~j~ht~ood?not Crroli nesr L<~evilltNav. 2, 1048.- 11.0 6 1.5 2.e .0 .3 22 6 1 19.6 5.4 23 Little Lgnche. litver near tctl.una- \:a; 8. 1951--- 102 10 5.6 3.8 .? .7 34 19 2 40.C 6.0 30 r Llttlc Lynrhre ~ivernear I ttnune- Mar,. 18, 1953- 253 9.5 .15 2.8 5 13 3.6 .C .2 45 17 Little Lynehas hiucr near Lethune- June 23------96.0 3 b.3 3.5 .O 1.0 31 Little Lyr,ehcs hiver neal trthune- Get. 29------71.1 9 3.0 0 .& 30 4 1 29.2 5.6 28 0 1 4

Lerkb proportion 01 olgenie mstttr prrscnt; sum al' minrral eonetituerrte 24 ppm. 2 LPzke propor;ionor orpenle mstttr prc~cnt;sum ol mincrsl eon~tituer.ta25 ppm. ?// oxvrcrr cancumce: Ur~filtercc2.1: Liltertc 1.o oum. C~CCOorm~n ooonr omoar 0- Noon- 4

9 ? '4'0 ? N N + ":? ":? 4'0?-. on...... moofr sm o cmor o NO -mc-a- OC" eofr~NO r f>mn 4 d '0. N . 'D.4 "i ": " O WC O N C1

1 "?9? YOO'"'...... "momo yoyyy yq:?: lqrnqq _ =CmI 0 d 4 NNNN4 dNNNO NNN 4 -4000

4 *-O N roe" N I 4??rn? '0 ?4 fomom.... rm.om "-Now -0-ma. . fmafm m--om m- d NNNNN NNdNN NNN OCCR - i zu ; ;; y?:;: " '0: '?99N " :" <"A >spy; CC- no m;-ON mar01 mr xw ~woowmrxar GYU ow ~nocrom NR on oo --om- A?. 4 4-4 -2-: - ii- ~ Korth 1,ork Irllsto hiuer near horth Jan. 31. 1951- 151 5.5 .05 1.0 .3 3.4 7 1.3 2.5 .1 .3 Borth Fork rdisto Hivtr near North Ley I------561 4.a .07 1.6 1.1 1.4 8 1.4 2.4 .O .1 No~thFork bdlst3 Hlvsr near North Sept. 12------344 6.3 .07 1.4 .I 2.0 6 1.2 2.1 .1 .3 North Pork Edlsto hiv~rnear' North Apr. 8, 1952-- 829 1.8 .08 2.0 .6 .4 3 1.4 2.8 .'I .6 :I=rth Pork hdisto Elver near North Apr. 15, 1953- b34 2.1 .09 1.4 .3 1.7 4 .8 2.9 .O .6 horth Fork kdlsto hiver near North Nov. 5------37 5 6.5 .08 1.7 .3 1.6 4 1.5 2.5 .O .1 North Pork Gdlsto hlver near North bay 12, 1955-- 221 -8 .21 .9 .2 1.2 .1 4 2.5 .5 .O .O 2:orth Ty~rrHlver nebr Feirmont--- Pcb. 16, 1951- 17 5.2 42+/ .36 1.1 3.0 15 2.0 2.9 .O .7 North Tyger Pivcr near Fnlrnont--- Yeb. 7, 1852-- 13 .10 3.0 1.5 3.0 14 3.3 2.6 .1 2.1 irorth '.gjer hiver near Feirnont--- Jan. 1:. 1953- 10 .02 2.7 1.0 5.0 It 5.7 2.6 .1 1.0

North T~~LIICIVL~ near YsIrmont--- NO". la------211/ 14 .07 3.2 .7 5.1 10 2.1 2.5 -2 .8 Xorth Tyger Ilivrr near Falrmont--- May 25. 1955-- 2.2 3.0 lmO l6 4'P Pacolet hlver near Clifton------Yeb. 26, 1846- 7 :: ::: 2:44 ::? 14 2.4 1.8 .O .6 Peeolkt hlver near Cllfton------Pab. 15. 1548- u211/ 11 .02 2.4 1.1 3.6 16 1.8 2.0 .1 .3 Paeolrt hlver neer Cliiton------Apr. 13. 19::- 884Y 13 .OO 2.5 1.2 3.3 1.1 17 3.4 2.0 .1 1.3 I I lean discharge. larpc proportion of organic mstter present; aum of mineral eonatltuents 15 ppm. lOJ lOJ hrge propo~tlonof organic matter present; aum of mlneral eoriatltuente 11 ppm. q ;!; d Lr "

D5 mn-SIP

. ? ?Y ?? ":?9 '9 $1 mofmn amwoo mccor arrnm udcnor om>on~ -m d 4- d Ad.+** +Add 4 * 4- dd 4 on-

I,,,,

,,,I, I,,,, ,I,,,

LCdCB -do-0 00rsl Sr5rU OUUUa 406b.k DUIU* OaCCk QQ44' 44 4C CCCCC 0-La# EQb:: Em..- CCaaa *dam o :=us3 **L3S 4<""" "UU"L L'.L'.c. **:A3 ...... L do000 iTi,.i **El: xz::: ::::: :::a2 :;=a= :s;;s LC%.* DOCCC CCCCC CCCC UOW x 00 a UODOY *LLLL >*>x0 CCLC* C%.I*L ILLr.3 33333 WDWUW 333a0 uoomo ussoo oauar rrrra .>>cc aara~ >>> Z>>ZZ >>>>u DUODO +-+++ LO :x-31 333-3 3313* YIYII LSz;r omoo c~~r;axrsr LZLL: #mama kAh~: gszgq :;a:; dBBcC ZZAA~EkGZE z*xXA :*x*x Y 972, oo*;: ww::: 0"""" """"4 44444 444.4 SVO.. SUVO* 00000 0000- 4aaaa amma* , LLL~~aaaar cza~er~sezo mmmmm mm~)mn Ssluds klver near Wsrc bhoals----- Sandy Hlver nt Che3ter------Sandy hlvrr nasr Lreds------Sandy hlv~rnssr Lreds------10 Sandy hlver near Lecds------

Ser,dy hiv~rnror Lrrds------Sandy hlver near Leach------Sandy k.lvor nrmr Lerda------Ssnly hluer at Sand)- hive=------Santce hlvrr nsnr Jernestawn------G.B 1.1

Santec liivel near Salnt Stephen--- June 6------520 9.7 ,021 L,6 2.1 7.8 32 4.Q 5.0 .? 1.0 52 23 0 4 1 81.8-- 6.8 Ssvsivllrh lilver near Calhoun rells- Yu'. 15, 1946- 12 .03 2.2 1.2 4.2 lQ 2.2 2.0 .1 .4 35 12 0 -- 5 Savannah hlver near Cnlhoun bslla- lar. 4, 1940-- ::;% .04 2.7 1.2 3.8 16 2.7 2.1 .1 .6 35 12 o 38.1 6.8 7 Savsnr,ah hlve~near Calkour, bnlls- ,..a,. 24, 1855- 6 400-l/ 3.4 1.3 15 5.1 2.2 .1 1.3 36 12 0 41.5 7.3 5 Savannahhlver r,ear Vllhssve~,.- a 2 1940- 10 2 ::I i:: 1 1 1 4.6 18 3.0 3.C .1 .9 41 14 0 40.7 6.7 6

1/ Mean dlschsrpe. 11 Collected st brldge on State Hlehwsy 64. $ Collected at brldee or1 Stat6 Highway 3. 4 Z-f- N -'vm". -.0mw WON "?.w.,e --N".- NRN -0 -4 IT, 344R I9

e m u, ou ?O.G-.A. 0+&,00..... CC---..... 911 ? 9 49111 """""..... 2 2 2 0 * 4 kc- Thompson Creek near meraw------Oct. 28, 1047- Thompson Creek near Cheran------Mar. 3, 1850-- Thompson Lreek near Chrrar------baI 24------mompeon Lrsek near Ctreraw------NO". 22------mompaon Creek near Chcrar------May 8, 1951--- rh0.p: ,n Creur near ct.era.------Sept. 12------Thompsor Creak near Chorav------Uay 28, 1052-- rhom~sor.~retk neLr Ct.exa.------June 23. 1953- mompson Creek near Cneraw------;a) 24, 1055-- momphon Creek at Seneca------Jan. 28------

'lbrkay Creek at Lancester------Apr. 3, 1853-- Turkey Creek at Yo=*------Fob. 14, 1955- melvcmlle Creek near Pickens----- June 15. 1849- Tyger Hlve~near Delta------May 10. lorn-- Tygar hlvar near Delta------Peb. 5, 1951-- -!+99 ? 995 1

,1111 IIIII ,I#,, IIIII It,,, I,,,, 5III9 I,,,, IIIII I,,,, I' I,,,, I,III IS,,, IIIIJ I,,,, I,,,, IIIII I,,,, ,,,I, I,, ,111, IIIII I,,,, ,,I I, ,,,:: ;j !:::I :;:I: :::I: ::A:; :;;A; 8, I ,ill 'IIII lLLCL 6.i-1- 33-33 *n I I I I I I I 18 I IOUO. 8n mmmmm ;z a f > 8, 9** a ! >,,, ,>* 8 :;;; : n"""" 0""'" "2""" *" ;2?zF '.uruu Y4C ,* **a*- oannm rn- ne uuoulv "" CYYYY *nzcc CB... 33-33 4oocc O~~WS FF.252 2; "3-z 211x5 ;z . BddEX 892dd 3,,,, .L ma** d9LL.L e hCLCC kiCuy urn.pa ..... :52r: 2: : *.*.d .--am aELCc OGOL. .UOO. 2 muma0 oaa CCC CCECE a CCGCL: :: E2EFE cCci%EE;?: Ckkkk ZZfikExss sxx,,tiEEi 5 3-3-3 -33 ouo uoooo ==r'zz 4ZLzL'. CUOUO mr 5: 00 0a0uu UDLCC CECEE LLCLL '.LL33 3*LLC *,.moo ODDOO :g I3 uumuu ~OOLLLUOUY uezmm ...nm MMmWU YWLLL L1YeY YYL3d 34333 22 ECCCC ;::s: 2::;; ;;;;; ;p >,

*~.Y)*A N~OANOee~)rnnomr(~ NNNNNN ""4NNN NNNN"" .+4n"8:

s4 ORNR.. SZ%NN" sR Wx z : 3 5: A 4 .+

1,111, 1,1111 11,111111111 I 11,111 ,11111 111111111111 ,1111, ,11111 I,,,,,IIIIII + I,,,,, ,11111 III1II II1III ,11111 1,1111 I,,,,,#I,,,, ,,,IN, IIIIII "IIIIIIIIIII 4 A,,,",, 1,111, 011111*1111, 4 ",,,,m, 1,1111 PIIIIIU?IIIII - 0Y 0,1131 !11111 r(11111m11111 A,,, 11,1111 ,1111-1,111 I,,., 1,1111 -11100 11111 .IrlN",W cm..ww **""-A ..a 8N" NNr(4NN 44444r( ++NN U?U?WWNN ;/ Large proportion of or&snic msttor proasnt; mum of minerd eonetltuonte 42 pp~. Large proportion of orglnie mstter prsaont; sum of mineral eonstltuonta 45 p. / Large proportion of organic matter present; mum of mineral conatituente 37 ppm. Large proportion of orgenlc matter promont; sum of mineral constitu~lna41 pp. Large proportion of orgsnlc matter pn8cnt; mum of mineral eonatituont. 44 ppm. Large proportion of orglnlc mtter present; aum of mlnersl constituentB 40 ppm. 5 Llret proportion or orb'nic utter preaent; .um OC mineral conatituanta 46 ppm. hrpe ~roportionof orrsnie mattar present: sun or rnlnsrel oonetltusnts 4% pp, hrge proportion of oresnic mattar present; sum of mineral constituents 44 ppm. hrpe propertlon of orpnnle mstter present: sum of mlnar.1 constltusnta 45 pp. hrpe propertlon of orpan10 rnettsr prss?nt: - of rnqn?rsl con-bltusnts 44 up. COMbAHhL EIVLA BASIN

LOCATION.--7.7 mlles upstream irom U. S. Hi~hwly17.

hhCOkDS AVAILABLE.--Chemical malyses: Cstober 1951 to August 1955. bter tempsrsturee: October 1951 to Aueuat 1955.

LXTktGbS, 1951-55.--DI~solvedsallds: Maximum, 23,500 ppm Ost. 26, 1954; mlnlmum, 75 ppm Siar. 26, 1952. Hardness: Maxlmum, 4.230 ppm Oct. 26 1954' mlnimum. 20 ppm Jan. 5. 1951. hater temptr*turea: Maxlmum. 88' F. iune lb, 1952; mlnlmum, 45O F. Dec. 16, 1852

Chemical analyses, in parts per sllllan, October 1951 to Aueust 1955 ..I.. I-1 I I 1 I I I I mte or coll.ction I Tld. I Aue. 24------Hlgh 24--.------Lo. Oct. 26------High Oct. 28------..-- Lo. Apr. 5, 1955----- High Apr. 5------Lo.

JU~~14 --...--.-- ~i eh 82 78 5.8 .15 47 105 898 37 .,me 11 ------hr 79 8.4 .19 21 27 239 9.8 Aui 29------High 70 85 6.1 .31 50 139 1.180 44 AU~. 24------Lor 84 6.5 .33 24 39 350 14

1/ La¶.&= p~oportlonOC ol~anicmatter Prearnt; sw of mlnkral curlstltucnts 41 ~pm. Zf Zf Larie proportion aC organic matter present; sum of mlntral eoristltuents 4R om. Leree proportion of organic matter present; sum of mlncrsl cor~stiturnts om. .OOC

,000

IOC

0 I- SAMPLES COLLECTED AT COMBAHEE LANDING. 7.7 MILES UPSTREAM FROM U.S. HIGHWAY IT. 2- SAMPLES COLLECTED AT CHEROKEE LANDING 12.1 MILES UPSTREAM FROM U S. HIGHWAY IT.

FIGURE 2. CHLORIDE CONTENT OF THE COMBAHEE RIVER DURING RRODS OF HIGH TIDE INDEX TO MAP OF SOUTH CAROLINA, FIGURE I SHOWING APPROXIMATE LOCATIONS OF SAMPLING STATIONS, 1945-55 INDEX TO MAP OF SOUTH CAROLINA, FIGURE 1 SHOWING APPROXIMATE LOCATIONS OF SAMPLING STATIONS, 1945-55

hInp Drainage Period Number Frequency Stream and Location Area in of of No. of n Sq. Mi. Record Analyses Sampling1 mF1

Big Geilerostee Creek near Starr ...... Black Mingo Creek at Nesmith ......

Black River at Kingstree ......

Broad River near Carlisle ......

Broad River near Gaffney- ......

Broad River at Richtex ......

Broadway Creek near Anderson ...... Buck Creek near Mayo ...... Buffalo Creek near Blacksburg ......

Bullock Creek near Sharon ......

Cane Creek near West Union ......

Cane Savannah Creek near Sumter ...... Cannons Creek near Pomaria ......

Catawba River near Rock Hill ......

Cedar Creek at Society Hill ...... 16. Chauga River near Westminister ...... 852 17. Combahee River at Cherokee Landing near Yemassee ...... 18. Combahee River at Combahee Landing near Yemassee ...... ---. 19. ,Conneross Creek at Richland ...... 40.6 20. Congaree Creek near Cayce ...... 136 21. Congaree River at Columbia ...... 7,8502 22. Coosawhatchie River near Hampton ...... 203 23. Coronaca Creek near Greenwood ...... 372 24. Edisto River near Branchville ...... 1,7202 25. Edisto River at Canadys...... 1,8702 26. Edisto River near Givhans...... 2,7302 27. Eighteenmile Creek at Liberty~~~...... 20.6 28. Eighteenmile Creek at Pendleton ...... 532 29. Enoree River near Enoree ...... 307 30. Fairforest Creek near Union ...... 183 31. Fishing Creek near Fort Lawn ...... 2702 32. Gills Creek near Columbia ...... 65.7 33. Grove Creek near Piedmont ...... 14.6 34. Island Creek near Mayo ...... 142 35. Keowee River near Jocassee ...... 148 36. Keowee River near Newry ...... 455 Kings Creek at Kings Creek ...... 37. 47.6 -- 1 D-Daily; M-Monthly; X-Miscellaneous. 2 Approximately. INDEX TO MAP OF SOUTH CAROLINA, FIGURE 1 - Cont.

Drainage Period Number Frequency Map Streain and Location No. Area in of of of Sq. h4i. Record Analyses Sampling1

Kingstree Swamp Canal near Kingstree ...... Lake Moultrie Tailrace

near Moncks Corner ...... Lakes Marion-Moultrie. . Diversion Canal near Pmeville......

Lawson Fork Creek at Spartanburg ...... Lightwood Knot Creek near Leesville ......

Little Lynches River near Bethune ...... Little Pee Dee River near Dillon ...... Little Pee Dee River at Galivants Ferry......

Little River near Mount Carmel ......

Little River near Silverstreet ......

Little Saluda River at Saluda ......

Long Cane Creek near Abbeville ...... Lynches River near Bethune ...... 380 Lynches River near Bishopville...... 675 Lynches River at Effingham ...... 1,0302 Middle Tyger River at Lyman ...... 68.3 Ninety Six Creek near Ninety Six ...... 222

North Fork Edisto River near North .--- -. --- 396 North Fork Edisto River at Orangeburg 683

North Pacolet River at Fingerville ...... 116

North Tyger River near Fairmont ...... 442 North Tyger River near Moore . 162 Pacolet River near Clifton ...... 320 Pacolet River near Fingerville ...... 212 Pee Dee River at Cheraw ...... 7,3202 Pee Dee River near Mars Bluff ...... 8,8502

Pee Dee River at Peedee ...... 8,8302

Pee Dee River near Society Hill ...... 7,980 Red Bank Creek at Red Bank ...... 17.6 Reedy River near Ware Shoals...... 228

Rocky River near Anderson ...... 32.8 Rocky River near Calhoun Falls ...... 267 Salkehatchie River near Barnwell (State Highway 64) ...... 64.6 Salkehatchie River near Barnwell (State Highway 3)...... 109

Daily; M-Monthly; X-Miscellaneous. 2 Approximate INDEX TO MAP OF SOUTH CAROLINA, FIGURE 1 - Cont.

I Drainage Period Number Frequency Stream and Location Area in of of of Sq. hli. Record Analyses Sampling1

Salkehatchie River near Miley ......

Saluda River at Chappells ...... Saluda River near Columbia ......

Saluda River near Greenville ...... Saluda River near Irmo ...... Saluda River near Pelzer ......

Saluda River near Ware Shoals ......

Sandy River near Leeds ......

Sandy River at Sandy River ...... Santee River near Jamestown ......

Santee River near Pineville ...... Santee River near Saint Stephens ...... Savannah River at Augusta, Ga ......

Savannah River near Calhoun Falls ...... Savannah River near Iva ...... Savannah River near Millhaven, Ga ...... Seneca River near Anderson ..~ --...... ---.....------~

Seneca River at Clemson .------~~ ....------~ Shaw Creek near Eureka ...... ---- South Fork Edisto River near Denmark. ~.~-. South Fork Edisto River

near Montmorenci ~ ~------~- ~--~---~------~ South Tyger River near Reidville~------.-

South Tyger River near Woodruff . ~~~ ~ ----~-

Stevens Creek near Modoc - ...... ~~- ~ --.

Thicketty Creek at Thicketty . .~--~~ -~~ ------~--~

Thompson Creek near Cheraw---~---~. -- ~-~----. ~

Twelvemile Creek near Pickens ..-~

Tyger River near Delta - ~~ ~ ~ ------~ Tyger River near Woodruff ... -~~.--

Warrior Creek at Lanford ...... ~ ~..

Wateree River near Camden -- --~-~----... -.- ---~....---

Wateree River near Eastover .~------....------..-.----- ~

Waxhaw Creek near Springdell -~----~ ------~---~

Wilson Creek near Iva ~ - -~~~--. ----~------~

Wilson Creek near Ninety Six ...... -

1 D-Daily; hl-Monthly; X-Miscellaneous. 2 Approximately. REFERENCES

(1) Lamar, W. L., 1948, Chemical character of surface waters of South Carolina 1945-47: South Carolina Research, Planning and Development Board and U. S. Geol. Sur- vey, Bull. no. 16. (2) Pauszek, F. H., 1951, Chemical character of surface waters of S.outh Carolina 1945-50: South Carolina Re- search, Planning and Development Board and U. S. Geol. Survey, Bull. no. 16A. (3) - Resources of South Carolina, 1955: State Develop- ment Board, Bull. no. 22. (4) Waring, F. Holman, 1949, Significance of nitrates in water supplies: Am. Water Works Assoc. J'our., vol. 72, no. 2. ORANGEBURG

GEORGETOWN

- -.. - .. .- .. .. .

LE GEN @ DAILY STATIONS

() MONTHLY STATIONS 8 A MISCELLANEOUS SAMPLING POINTS CITIES

FOR NAMES OF SAM1 ATIONS AND PDlNTS SEE INDEX TO MAP FIGURE I. MAP OF