May 1978 RIPON fOOlM COMMENTARY COMM ENTARY 2 HOLLIS COLBY 4 The Hawkins Gore Historical, Uterary. and Athletic Wagering An Society discusses the Carter Ad­ ministration's Urban Policy Anti -Carter Strategy COVER STORY 6 Is Not Enough A Conversation Wi th John Anderson The Ripon Fornm discusses poli­ tics with Rep. John Anderson, Chairman of the House Republi­ can Conference resident Ca rter's political troubles are so severe that HOW FORD LOST 12 it is easy for an ardent Republican to become euphor­ THE ETHNICS P ic. If an election were held today, it is possible the An Inside Account on the series of President would lose everywhere except Georgia and the costly blunders by the Ford District of Columbia. Disaffection is rife: White House which cost the former Presiden t valuable votes • Black voters who a year and a half ago provided massive margins to Carter are concluding that they BUR EAUCRACY were had. MARCHES ON 15 A new feature • Hispanics feel that they have been shut out politi­ cally, and that the few crumbs that Carter has passed POLITICAL out to minorities have gone to blacks. POTPOURRI 15 • Many Jewish voters who supported Carter because of Cover Photo; Fred lIutcherson his ardently pro·lsraeli campaign stance have cooled Rockrord (Ill.) Mornfng 5tor on the Administration as Carter has pressured Israel to withdraw from the Occupied Territories.

• Many Catholic vote rs have been turned off by Car­ KIPON FOK\JM ter's about-face on tuition tax credits. Editor: John C. Topping, Jr. • Feminists have been repelled not onl y by the Admin· Managing Editor: Ar1 hllf M. HiIl,lI istration's opposition to Federal abortion funding Executive Editor: Steven O. Live ngood but also by the macho style of the Georgia males Art Direction: Elizabeth lee, The Graphic Tuna closest to Carter. THE R IPON FORUM is published monthly by the Ripon Society. Inc. • We sterners have been taken aback by Carter's clamp­ In the publication, the Society hopes to provide a forum for ing down on water projects for their region and have fresh ideas, well researched proposals, and 3 sp irit of creative begun to mutter that this is punishment for the criticism and innovation in the Republican Party, Manu­ West's strong support of President Ford. scripts and photographs arc solicited, but do not represent the views of the Society unless so stated. • Now that Carter has begun to backpedal on his Contents are copyrighted 0 1978 by the Ripon Society. Inc .. 800 18th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006. opposition to water projects conserva tionists are shouting "sellout." Subscription rates: SIS per year, 57.50 for students, service­ men, Peace Corps, Vista, and othcr volunteers. Overseas, add 56. Please allow five weeks for address changes. • Oil and gas state voters feel they were gulled by Carter's preelection telegrams professing strong The Ripon Society. In c., Glenn Gerstell, President, is a support for natural gas deregulation. Republican research and policy organization whose members are business, academic, and professional men and women. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., with fifteen chap­ At first glance, these fissures in core portions of Carter's ters, several affiliated subchapters, and National Associate members throughout the United States. The Society is sup­ 1976 constit uency would seem to translate to paydirt for ported by chapter dues, individual contributions, and reve­ Republicans ill 1980. Seemingly, the safest Republican fl lles from its publications and contract work. st rategy fo r 1980 and even for the 1978 midterm elections would appear to consist of riding the waves of an ti-Carter 2 Ripon Forum sentiment. Yet in politics, as in life , appearances can be Senator. Meanwhile, the South has begun to revert to its deceiving. once solidly Democratic stance. Super conservative Repub­ lican appeals since 1960 have antagonized the South's growing black electorate while the submergence of race as an issue has evaporated earlier gains among while voters. is Carter's Dlness Contagious? The relatively modest Republican prospects in the 1978 The precipitous plunge in the President's popularity would House elections reflect in significant part the enormous ad· seem to augur huge Republican Congressional gains in the vantage that incumbents have reaped since 1974 as a result November elections. The latest Gallup Poll reports, how· of a huge hike in Congressional perquisites (staff allowances ever, that. if the election were held now, Democrats would and publi c funding of Congressional communications with receive about 57 per cent of all votes cast for the House of constituents). These institutional advantages have tended Representative s. This means little change in the lop­ to free ze in the topheavy Democratic majorities resulting sided Democratic majority that prevails today. These pro­ from the 1974 Watergate elections. jections match closely with poll data in individual Con­ gressional races, showing incumbents of both parties look­ ing unusually strong. What About 1980?

It is clear that Democratic incumbents have succeeded in Although Carter's growing unpopularity may not produce separating themselves from the President, an art Southern the mid tenn bonanza Republicans could have anticipated a Democrats have practiced for several generations. Recently, few years ago in similar circumstances, can it be expected No rthern Democrats have skewered the White House for to deliver control of the White House in 1980? Sadly, the shortchanging the big cities. Western Democrats have lash­ answer is no. ed out at the Administration for an anti-Western bias in its environmental policies. Faced with the first President from If Carter's popularity continues to deteriorate, there is an the Deep South in over a cen tury, Sputhern Democrats excellent chance that he will not be the 1980 Democratic have chided the President fo r letting his "liberal advisers" Presidential nominee. He could step aside a to LBJ and mislead h.im on energy policy, labor law reform, and throw his support to Walter Mondale, who might yet prove foreign policy. In each case, Congressional Democrats formidable. If he persists in the face of a substantial ero­ seem to have pulled off a masterful sleight of hand. sion of intraparty support, Carter might lose the Demo­ cratic nomination to a challenger such as Jerry Brown, In the Southwest, where Carter's natural gas policy is a Edward Kennedy, or Daniel Patrick Moynihan . Anyone clear repudiation of widely publicized campaign pledges of these individuals would have a fa ir shot at the White favoring deregulation, Democrats, nevertheless, seem on House as the Democratic nominee. the verge of picking up two Republican U.S. Senate seats, one in Oklahoma and another in Texas. Despite Carter's On the other hand, Carter could discover tlle miraculous slippage in the South among blacks as well as whites, two potential of incumbency revealed to Richard Nixon in 1971 incumbent Republican Senators, Jesse Helms of North and Brendan Byrne in 1977. Midway through his term, Carolina and Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, seem in· Nixon's political stock was weI! on the wane. In August creasingly vulnerable to their Democratic challengers. The 1971 , the President drew on the powers of his office to race for the Virginia U.S. Senate seat being vacated by re­ promulgate a politically popular, al though economically tiring Republican incumbent William Scott appears to be dubious, wage and price control program. A few months a tossup. later his breakthrough vis ils 10 China and the Soviet Union had helped to turn an uphill campaign into one of the Presidential popularity, never sky high in the Midwestern greatest reelection triumphs in American history. Farm States, has reached subterranean levels. Yet in the two traditional Republican strongholds of Kansas and Ne­ Governor Byrne 's recent smashing reelection victory in braska, Democrats are favored to pick up the U.S. Senate New Je rsey further underscored the recuperative potential seats being vacated by Republicans Jim Pearson !lnd Carl of political incumbency. Elected in 1973 in a landslide, Curtis. Republicans may balance these possible losses with the Democratic governor's ineptness and repudiation of his gains in the same region, but their prospects seem more a campaign promise not to impose a state income tax decima­ function of local ci rcumstances than national trends. Voter ted his popularity. Yet by November 1977 , Byrne had disaffection with the "appointmentitis" of Minnesota's closed an earlier 14 point gap in the polls to register a land­ Democratic-farmer-Labor Party and South Dakota Repub· slide triumph over his able Republican opponent, Ray lican Larry Pressler's high voter popularity, more than anti­ Bateman. Byrne succeeded in turning his grealeslliability, Carler disaffection, underlie the the most likely Re publi­ the state income tax, into a winning asset . Bateman's ex­ can gains. cessive reliance on an anti·Byrne appeal played into the governor's hands. The underwhelm ing Re publican prospects in the 1978 Con­ gressional elections reflect in part some basic political and The surest path to Republican success in the long tenn-and structural changes. The hemorrhage in Republican identi­ perhaps in the near term as well- is to stake out distinct fication has produced a situation in which there are no Republican positions on issues that have profound conse­ longer any safe Republican states. The once rock-ribbed quence to millions of Americans. These issues must have Republican states of Maine, New Ham pshire and Vermont more than a symbolic or protest aspect ; they must relate boast between themselves a total of one Republican U.S. to the public's perception of a party's competence to May 1978 3 govern.

The re la tively limi ted potential of the New Right can be traced to thai movement's almost exclusive focus on pro­ test causes- anti·abortion, anti-ERA, anti-gay rights, anti­ gun control, and anti·Panama Canal Treaty. Even when these protest causes are woven together by the computer list wi1.3rdry of a Richard Viguerie, they are hardly the stufT of which dreams are made .

Enduring political coalitions are built instead on a positive vision of life . The political coalition forged by Franklin Roosevelt was glued together by the se nse of hope the Hyde Park patrician conveyed to a demoralized Ameri ca.

Now that the intellectual capital of the New Deal is thoroughl y spen t, RepUblicans must shape a new vi sion 10 lead America. Its elements should include: View From • A champiollshifJ of the smafl entreprelleur. The Republican Party can readily shed its country club, big business image by fi ghting for the small Hawkins Gore entrepreneur, whether he or she is a black beautician, a I-lispanic American restaurateur, an !talo·American home builder, or a Yankee fisherman . Ini tiatives such Business Helps The Hard Core as those proposed last month by the Ripon Society could give credence 10 this pro-ent repreneur position. by Hollis Colby • Reform of the lax system to reduce the negative effects of laxes on work produclilJity and ;m·est­ ment copilol. The term tax reform has been misappropriated by some poli ticians to characterize tax changes that "G reetings gentlemen ," said the cheery young man as would further penalize work productivity or capi tal he marched into the midst of the Hawkins Gore investment. Yet an in tellectual revolution is now Historical, Ulerary and Athletic Wa ge ring Society, sweeping the economics profession and undermining duly assembled in Blodge tt's General Store. "For those of the thin props undergirding Democratic li beralism. you who may not know me"- meaning all ofus- "my name Arthur Laffer's breakthrough discoveries of the drag is Lance Flounder, and I represent the Greal Eastern Com­ effects of lax policy have bee n skillfully popularized mode Furniture and Bobbin Works Corporation over in Ul e by such individuals as Jude Wann iski and U.S. Rep­ Greater Burlington area." resentatives Jack Kemp and David Stockman. Tax reducti on, alwa ys politically popular, now h~ s de­ '" am here," he continues, "on an important mission." monstrable economic advantages over the " tax and spend" approach. Republicans should hammer the " Ain 't we all ," interjected Luther Leach. tax reduction issue home to every American family, always linking it to job ge neration. " I am here to recruit the young men of this community for a project of great importance 10 the President of the Unit­ • Grcaler consumer oo",rol o~'er public services. ed States," the bright young man went on, pausing brieny The Democratic Party is inex tricably allied with to surve y the effect on his listenen of the mention of so many service provider interests. Increasingly, the exal ted a figure as the erstwhile Georgia peanut famler. public is growing disenchanted with the quality and cost of public services. Republicans can identify Noting no perceptible effect, other than an instinctive themselves with taxpayer/consumer interests and de­ motion by my cousin Ebenezer to protect his wallet, young mand sweeping reforms in the ways public services Flounder said in his gravest lones, " You see , ge ntlemen, are rendered. These may include changing govern­ Preside nt Carter has proposed a major new program to reo ment from a provider to a financier of many services. duce unemployment among America's youth and rebuild A number of these alternatives will be explored in our decaying cities. He calls it his urban poli cy. He has fo rthcoming issues of the Forum. made it perfectly clear that before now there was no urban policy, and it was all confused besides. Now he is going At the heart of a new Republican vis ion is the notion that to move boldly forward and the Great Eastern Commode America's progress de pends on strengthe ning incentives for Furniture and Bobbin Works is prepared to move forward economic initiatives and innovation. A determined effort pat riotically with him." to give concrete meaning to such a vision can lay the groundwork fo r future electoral success at all levels of "Waal ," said 'Uas 13l 0dgett, the proprietor, " we all knew government. • lhal the Great Eastern Commode Furniture and Bobbin

4 Ripon Forum Wor ks has always been in the vanguard of excessive patri­ of the Great Eastern , is that it?" inquired Ebenczer. otism, aside frolll their laying off 'bout half their work force the day before they would qualify fo r unemployment "Gentlemen, gentlemen, it's no t a question of patriotism, payments, of course," not when Jimmy Carter chooses to abandon the corpora· tions which responded 10 his urge nt appeal ," said Flounder, "My company ," Flounder continued, "plans to hire the a touch of sorrow in his voice. " You see ," he we nt 011 , hard core unemployed. And I am here to recruit a bunch "after two years the Great Eastern will no longer be allow­ of ' em into tlle well known CETA program." ed to claim the tax cre dit for hiring these CETA workers. So in fairness to our sha reholders, we will have to look " If your company is so keen to hire these lads," inquired about for some more CETA employees to hi re. The fi rst Perley Fa rnham, "how come you are recrui ting 'em for this bunch will just have to go back to the CETA program where they came from. But Great Eastern hasn't forgotten here guv'mint program called CET A instead of straight them, no si r. We have an agreement wi th Grandma Perkins out hiring them?" Jam and Jelly Company, a subsidiary of International Ex­ tractive Industries of New York , Frankfurt , an d Kinshasa, "A perceptive question, my rustic friend," said Flounder. that they will hi re all the fellows we return to the CET A "Under President Carter's plan , we can't just hire any old program, and we']] hire all the ones they return. That will unemployed youth. They have to do some time in th is get us thru the first fo ur years of the Carter urban policy, CETA program first. Then we hire 'em and our country and if the government is still offering the same deal by grows in strength and vital ity thereby." then, we')] find a couple more companies to swa p hard cores with." "What difference does it make to those wonderful folks down on Wall Street, who now own the Great Eastern, "Now since you are such a perceptive group," said Floun­ whether you hire folks out of the CETA program or off of der. " I'll tell you exactly how it works oul for us. II will the street?" Perley persisted. cost us about $7 thousand a year to hire these hard cores. Since we are , despite our best efforts, still in the 40 per "The reason is ," Flounder replied, "that if our company cent tax bracket, it really only costs us $4200 of real hires people out of the CET A program we will be handed money. Then Jimmy Carter gives us $2 thousand of that. $2 thousand a year by Jimmy Carter's Treasury Depart ­ I reckon we can get S2200 worth of work out of them the ment, whereas if we hire someone off the street we will first year, and S3200 the second year. Then we trade 'em receive absolutely nothing from Jimmy Carter's Treasu ry in for a ne w ba lch and start over again. De partment. "And to make sure we slart out with a wide selection to "You mean that a feller don't stand much chance of get · choose from ," Flounder continued, " I am here 10 recruit ting hired unless he goes down and surrenders himself to as many youths as possible into the CETA program. Now, this CETA program first?" asked Perley, who was always are there any idle youths in the vicini ty thaI might like to quick about seeing thru things . get involved in an effort to make President Carter look good?" "Well , if you want to pu t it that way ," says Floun der, " I guess you're right. If you're poor and out of work, you We all thought a momen.l on that one. Then Perley says would be making a mistake to go down and try to hire on slowly, "Waal. yes , we have a fine young feller name of with a company directly because the company would lose Pod Cru mmley hereabouts. Just the sort your company $2 thousand a year by hiring you. And the Great Eastern might look fo r. You'll probably find him down on the Commode Furniture and Bobbin Works is not so stupid as Greenbanks Holler Road reading Plutarch's Li ves of the to throwaway that $2 thousand, I can assure you of that," Noble Romans, polishin' his job skills, and hopin' for a Flounder said with great em phasis . "The way to play the genuine economic opportunity." game is to sign up for this CETA program. Then all kinds of wonderful things happen. Employers li ke mine will "Tha nks fo r the tip, fe ll ows," said Flounder, and proceed­ clamor for your services. Ci ty governments will insist tha t ed to the door. public works contractors put CETA employees on all their crews. The world will beal a path to your door. " He'll be back right quick , I'd say," said ' Lias. But eschew the beckoning hand of CETA , friend, and you can plan on watchi ng the economy pass you by ." <' How so?" inquired Luther.

"Waal ," mused Perley , puffing at his pipe , "once these " Cuz all the time he waS in here I could sec Pod out fron t young'uns get into this CET A program an d then get hired taking the tires and battery off of his sports car. By now by the Great Eastern, and the Great Eastern relieves the Pod'll be half way to Quebec to the spare parts store." taxpayers of S2 thousand apiece for its patriotism, do these fellers continue into the higher reaches of compensation at "Serves the Great Eastern right , if you ask me ," says Eb· your ill ustrious manufaclOry?" enezer.

"Of course they do," replied Flo un der. " I mean, they do "That President Jimmy Carter, he sure falls in with some for two years. TIle n of cou rse we get rid of them." strange folks to carry out his urban policy with," says I. And to this date, ain't no one ever look issue with tha t "Two years of employment about exhausts the patriotism analysis. •

May 1978 5 RIPON FORUM : Congressman. when was it first apparent A Conversation With that the New Right was going to make the primary elec­ tion a major test of sttength?

John CONGo ANDERSON: Well , it came some time after the man who turned out to be my opponent began to make ( noises about his tentative decision to enter national poli­ tics. That occurred around Memorial Day of last year.

Then I made a speech in September at the Michigan State Convention of the RepUblican Party, on Mackinaw Island , around the 18th of September last year. It wu in that speech that I targeted specifically wha t I saw as the emerg­ ing threat to the Republican Party of this New Right. I warned against the divisive effects that it might produce, and singled out, as I recall it, specifically, by name, some of , the people and some of the organizations. So we identified more than just a shadowy presence, and we tried to give some flesh and meaning to the whole idea that there was something indeed that could be called the New Right.

It seems to me that rather steadily from that time forward, On March 21, Illinois lIore,svepelled a skillfully orchestra­ they had decided this race would be a good one on which ted New Right attempt to defeat Congressman John Ander­ to larget, obviously because it is such an early primary, but sen, Chairman of the House Republican Conference. An­ I think also because of their unhappiness with the fact that derson accumulated huge majorities in his home city o[ they had been fingered . Rockford /0 of/sel Q heavy lJole for his ultracQmen.'o!ive opponent, Fundamentalist minister Don Lyon. Anderson The speech was fairly widely quoted and reported around swept to Q 58-42 percent liictory. A substantial number o[ the country. As I recall it, even the New York Times had nomlolly Democratic or Independent "olen croued over to a piece. vOle [or Anderson, Q facl the New Right used to excuse their defeat. In Rock/ord, these voters tended to support It drew some attention around the country, and that was Anderson. But ill some 0/ the rural areas, the crossovers the immediate cause, I think, that produced maybe the in/lated Lyon J vote. coming together of Viguerie and my opponent and altrac­ ted the support of these other people. n,e mosl remarkable feature of the Allderson-Lyon cam­ paign was the in/eme involvement of a cluster of closely RIPON FORUM: Did the activities of these various organi­ linked New Right organiZations. New Hampshire Governor za tions include, in addition to support for your opponent, Meldrim nlOmson clearly enul/ciated their strategy when work in the district directed against you without mention­ he said in llis fundraising letter, "Liberal Republicans ... ing your opponent? realize the result of this primary reaches far beyond /flinois' borders. AI/derson hit the nail on the head when he said, CONGo AN DERSON: Yes. For example, at one time we 'As a colleague (old me recently, if they can knock you oft. had ploddi ng th rough the area this fellow by the name of Jolm, the rest of us are in serious trouble~" Proctor, who used to be with the Committee for the Sur­ vival of a Free Congress. He was in there nOSing around. In what may have been a remarkable coincidence, although Then we had other re ports of people that were going to the some cynics might suspect concerted actiol/, Anderson's district. I never did discover who they were or what organ­ district was showered with a deluge of anti-Anderson mail­ iution was really responsible for sending them there. ings shortly before tile primary. Some examples follow: • On February 6, Gun Owners of America sent out a The National Conservative Political Action Committee was broadside prominently gunning for "anti-gunner" Anderson there. How much time they spent, I do not know, but they in the Illinois J6th Congressional District. were there long enough to have an interview with the local press, and to repeat some of the familiar charges about • all February 10. the National Conservative Political what a bad person I was for the district, and the country. Action Committee sent robotyped letters to Allder:ron J and so on . constituents blasting him for among other things "hurtillg the image of the RepUblican Party. .. So they were there, but it was not always obvious to us • 0" March 10. the National Right to Work Committee who they were. blizzarded Anderson J district with letters auacking A I/der­ Son for his support of public campaign finandng. RIPON FORUM : We re there many anli-Anderson mailings se nt into the district that may have been from New Righ t To get more perspective 011 the race and its portellt for the or other out-of-district organizations? Republican Party, the Ripon Forum editorial staff inter­ viewed COllgressman Anderson Oil April 7. Portions of that CONGo ANDE RSON: Yes. The Na tional Right to Work interview follow: Organization very strategically timed their mailings to come 6 Ripon Forum into the district just shortly before the primary date. members of Congress who would be identified as conserva­ tive on the political spectrum. Do you sense a growing RIPON FORUM : Did these make mention of particular aversion among both Republican moderates and conserva­ candidates? tives with the tactics of the New Right?

CONGo ANDERSON: Yes. They made mention of me as CONGo ANDERSON: Actually I think there is some basis being a person who was backing a bill that was dear to the for that feeling. But to some extent, as a result of this heart of big labor, and that anyone who supported it was exercise, which after all failed, it would be premature to say the darling of the big labor bosses, and that was picked up that they did themselves in, because I think the New Right in some of Lyon's own campaign literature. is fully capable of ri sing again. This machinery that they have is still intact. It is not as if somebody made a bombing The National Rifle Association came in with a specific en· run over the target and wiped it all out. It is still there, and dorsement of him during the two-week period before the it can be, and I feel undoubtedly will be, used again. election. But I do have in my file letters from a number of my col· Then the Gun Owners of America had an extensive mailing leagues here in the House of RepresentatIves who expressed that went into the district. pleasure at the outcome of the race , who even before the election indicated support for me , not necessarily be· cause they felt that they were ideological blood brothers with me. As a matter of fact, some of them even frankJy said "We wish that you would move your pOSition a little I think that the New Right bit in a rightward direction." has damaged their credibility fairly seriously But , they were put off by the tactics and the obvious purge with some who might otherwise be effort. They did feel that it was dangerous and divisive and targets for their approval." debilitating for the party overall to have that kind of struggle going on and the public obviOUsly taking it all in.

So to that extent, I think that the New Right has damaged The National Conservative Political Action Committee, their credibility fairly seriously with some who might had, I think, more than one piece of mail. I know of at otherwise be targets for their approval. least one mailing that they sent out. RiPON FORUM: Do you nnd a general feeling that the RiPON FORUM: It is revealing that the dollar expendi. tactics of the New Right are essentially negative, that they tures on the part of the out-of·district groups on these mail· are fastening on such issues as gun control, abortion, ERA, ings may have been quite substantial in addition to any­ the Panama CanaJ Treaty, and that this is not sufficient thing that may have been reported on the part of your to build a coalition for party success? opponent. CONGo ANDERSON: I have never been more certain of CONGo ANDERSON: I think they were substantial and anything in my life. Their whole strategy is one that is they were classified, I am sure, as independent expendi­ based on a totally negativistic philosophy. Again, I have tures, because they have not shown up in any of the reports letter after letter in my files from people, both before the that I have seen to date. election and since the election, who said that it was too much for them to swallow. They would say, "John, we My impression is that most of these mailings that I just certainly do not agree with you on many of the positions deseribed would come under the category of independent that you have taken and we wish that you would somehow expenditures, which were not reported as contributions to correct some of those that you have taken in the past. But him. but which were sufficiently extensive so that they did for Heaven's sake we are not about to climb aboard this represent a sizeable contribution to his campaign. kind of an eITort that we think would be disastrous for the future of the Republican Party." RiPON FORUM: Aside from personal animosity the New Right may have developed because of your outspoken So, yes, it was a totally negative kind of campaign, and if positions. what other motives do you think they had? my opponent offered one single positive solution to any problem, I would be glad to stand up in public and tell you CONGo ANDERSON: I think they felt that if I collided what it was. with the New Right , it would produce a little whiplash in­ jury to the Republican Party; that they would be jerked But, no, there was nothing, just an absolute total void of back to the right a considerable distance if I could be dis­ any positive program of any kind. ciplined and defeated in this primary. So I think they were after bigger game than just me. They had an idea that it would strengthen their effort to have this whiplash effect The Need For Unity on the Republican Party. RIPON FORUM: At the same time the New Right is put­ RIPON FORUM: We noticed in the campaign thai you had ting togethe r this national computer network of various a very substantial degree of support from Republican causes you characterized as negative appeals, it seems that May 1978 7 there is a considerable amount of fermen t among Repub· and the problems are just a little bit too much for him, and licans in Congress of a variety of persuasions about putting he has not reall y grown up in the job Ihe way a lot of forward new Republican approaches to deal with various people had hoped that he would. ideas. Whlch of these do you see over the next few years providing considerable opportunity for the development of But that still does not suggest that voters are going to vote a Republican consensus that can be carried successfully willy·nilly for Candidate X if they do not know that he has against the Carter administration? more to offer than Jimmy Carter.

CONGo ANDERSON : Well, certainly in the area of taxes; RIPON FORUM: How do you gauge the streng!ll of !lIe changing the tax system so that it is not as oppressive as Republican moderates within the party at this point? most people feel it now is. CONGo A DERSON: Well , I think there is a hidden kind I don't think that we should allow Carter to preempt the of strength. I think the strength is there. Yet obviously we issue of tax reform, as for a time it appeared that he might , are not organized to the extent that the hard core, far right with his statements about what a disgrace it was, and conservatives are. recently repeated by Secretary of Treasury Bl umenthal. I expressed the thought in an interview that I had at home a I think that Republicans have got to come up with some day or two after the election thaI something ough t to be constructive proposals in the area of tax relief and tax reo done to try to bring togethe r in a better and more coherent form. We have some now , of course. nlere is the much way the moderate fo rces within the party so that they discussed Roth·Kemp Dill, with a 33 percent ac ross· the­ could come in a collective way to the assistance of someone board reduction. But beyond just a rate reduction , I think who found himself beleaguered, whether it be a John we are going to have to come up with something that will Anderson or a Pete McCloskey or a Cliff Case. There must be a little more inspirational, as far as really solving prob· be other moderates around the country who coul d be re o lems like capital formation are concerned. cruited. Maybe we could not initially match the kind of sophisticated computerized operation that Viguerie can I have not had an opportunity to read your piece about reo throw into the breach. But we ought 10 at least try to bring viving sma ll business, or the entrepreneurial class, (Ripon some out-of·district or out-of·state resources together to Forum, 'April , 1976) but that kind of approach to the help people who find themselves beset by these fo rces of whole question of taxes and the economy is going to be ter­ the Far Right. ribly important.

RIPON FORUM: In view of the tremendous drop that has occurred in the last several months in the President's popu· larity, why do you suspect that there has yet to show up in the same polls any indication of any strong vote r swing in the 1978 congressional elections to the Republican Party?

CONGo ANDERSON : Well, that's a good question. I sup· pose in part it is because we have not sufficiently enunci· ated a counterstrategy to that which the Administration has been following.

I do not believe that we can si t back and think that a wave of vague, gene ralized protests against the bumbling and the fumblin g of the Ca rter Administration is going to auto· matically ride a lot of Republicans into office. ~ We are still a minority party , and to overcome that disad· Anderson's celebrate primary victory. ~ vantage and to get !lIe attention of the country that we are L-______~~ a viable alternative, we are going to have to have some fairly specific proposals on how we would act differently than I still feel that there is a fairly .substantial moderate force Carter has acted. Otherwise, people are just going to lump out there, but it has not coalesced. It has never succeeded all politicians together and say, "Well the Democrats cer· in coming together the way I would like to see that occur, tainly are mishandling things , but who are the Republicans and it has not had the kind of coordinated and centralized to do any better?" leade rship that it ought to have.

Until we give them a prescription of some kind, a formula , RIPO N FORUM : What do you !llink officials, particularly a reason, a program, I do not think we are going to be able those in national office who are moderate Republicans, to transfer Carter's growing unpopularity into something of could be doing to try to bring together moderates through. a positive nature as far as ou r candidates are concerned. out the coun try?

People may not like Carter, but he st ill- according to the CONGo ANDERSON: Well, it goes wi thout saying, I sup· polls I've seen, at least- clings to the reputation of being pose , the first thing would have to be that they would have this honest, good, sincere ma n who is trying to do his best, to agree to sit down from time to time and talk among • Ripon Forum themselves. A group of us do that. of course, every in charge? Nobody really knows. Wednesday aftemoon.here on the Hill. RIPON FORUM: Do you lind that Democrats at large are But on a broader scale, on a nationwide scale, I would like developing the skill thai the Southern Democrats have been to see some coming together of groups that I'm convinced particularly adept at for a number of years, that is, differ­ do exist in other states and other parts of the country and entiating themselves from a President of their own party? on some basis, formal or otherwise, have a meeting and see if we could prepare an agenda. CONGo ANDERSON : Yes, indeed. And I think that this is going to be clearly manifested in the 1978 congressional elections. Carter And TIle Democrats I beli eve that based on any number of conversations I have RIPON FORUM : How does Congress view Carter's recent had wilh Democrats. who indicate that they are going to be urban st rategy proposals? quite independent in the conduct and o peratio n of their campaigns from any Whi te House innuence. They will put CONGo ANDERSON: Well, maybe I am unkind, but if just as much distance between themselves and the failures they have evoked anything much more than just a yawn of this administration as they possibly can. They are show­ from most people at this point, I am no t aware of what that ing very clearly, in more wa ys than we would have time to reaction would be. I think that at this point, to most sit here and enumerate, how disdainful they are of White Members of Congress they are just a lot o f rhetoric. 1·louse opinions.

Carter, for example, contin ues to insist that Congress should not go back and undo what it did in 1977 on Social "TIl is is definitely a n administration that has Security. Yel. (Chairman of Ihe House Ways and Means no really clear perceptio n of h ow it's going to Committee) Al Ullman. who has compare d himself to the get from here 10 there." little Dutch boy with his finger in the dike, now realizes that he's about to be ro ll ed over and inundated by th is mad. pelhnell rush to get rid o f this ~ I batross around our necks in the form of these higher Social Security taxes. I believe we have ye t to come up with some thing that So the Democrats are going to go ahead and do something would reaHy be clea rly identified as ~n urban strategy that in that area whether Carter likes it or not. we could sell to Congress and to the country. You know, he's pretty soon going to be in pretty much the I firmly believe that the RepublicallS ougl1l to have some­ sallie situation as the French revolutionary who had to look thing to offer in that area. We have not seen it yet. out the window and say, " 1 must see which way the mob is headed before I can hurry and get around to the front. for I RIPON FORUM : Is there a gene ral fee ling in the talk that am thei r leader." you have with your colleagues here on the Hill , Ihat the Administration basically does not have its act together? If Carter does not watch himself, he's going to find himself pretty much in that situation, I think. He is not controlli ng CONGo ANDERSON: There is a growing conviction of that events at all . on the part of Republicans, and I think Democrats as well. I hear almost as llIany complaints and anguished cries from I am a conferee on th at energy bill . so I have perhaps a little Democrats as I do from Republicans, that this is definitely better knowledge of that than some of these other matters I an administration that has no reall y clear perception of how have been talking about. If there is any parallel for inepti­ it's going to get from here to there. tude on the part of the PJesi dent with a majority as hand­ some as he has on Ihal committee, and in the Congress as a Now, it has some broadly defined foreign policy goals that whole, I do not know what it is. are very nice, of a peaceful world whe re we have reduced if not eliminated the stock of nuclear arms and all of that;of RIPON FORUM: If this same trend continues through the advancing the cause of majorilY rule in Africa; and of reach­ election , what would you imagine would be the relationship ing a new plateau of detente with the Soviet Union. But in between the Congre ss and the Presider, t in 1979 and 1980? the field of foreign affairs, thin gs are going very, very badly at the moment, most people fee l. CONGo ANDERSON: Well , I suppose you could argue that as you came closer to 1980, the Democratic Congress When you look at the scene here at home, and read that the would want to close ranks and shore up an incumbent so-called built-in rate of inflati on is just creeping up all the President. But that would be Irue were it not for the fact time, from 6 to 7 per cent , and the short-term rates may thaI there seem to be a number of signs on the horizon that be a lot higher than that this year, you realize that the Ad· the Democrats might look for a new leader themselves. miniSlration is really at sea as far as ils economic policy And if it becomes clearl y apparent that others really are is concern ed. emerging as viable prospects to oppose Carter at the con­ ve ntion in 1980, 1 think that trend toward a runaway Can· We are adrift and if ulere is a captain on the bridge I do not gress would continue and migh t even increase , and that know who it is, whether it is Mike Blumenthal or whether Ca rter would be in worse sh:we the last two years o f his it is Jimmy Carter, or whether il is CharlieSchultzc. Wh o is term than he was the first two years. •

May 1978 9 You are cordially invited to attend The Ripon Society's 1:978 Hationallssues Conference and Dinner Saturday, May :10,1:978 Washington Hilton Washington, D.C.

------Registration Form RIPON SOCIETY 1978 National Issues Conference o Yes, I wish to attend this year's issues conference and enclose my check for __ reservation(s). o I cannot attend but enclose my contribution to the Ripon Society. o I wish to attend the reception and dinner, enclosed is my check for __ reservations at $35 each. NAME ______

ADDRESS ______

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Conference fee (includes lunch) is $30.00 per person, $20.00 for students, payable to Ripon Society Issues Conference, 800 18th Street, N.W., Washi ngton, D.C. 20006.

'0 Ripon Forum Conierence Agenda

Friday, May 19 ment; George Shrafran, President. Better Homes Realty, Inc.. John 6:00 - 8:00 PM Reception--Capitol Hill Club C. Topping, Jr., author of Ripon 300 First Street. S.E. Policy Paper, "How to Reinvigorate Washington, D.C. Small Business." No Host Reception 3:()() PM Panel Discussion Neighborhoods' Key to Urban Re­ Saturday, May 20 vival Moderator: The Honorable Vin­ 9:00 AM Conference Registration cent A. Cianci, Mayor of Provi­ dence, Rhode Island 9:30 AM General Session Participants: Neil Seidman. Co-oi· Remarks by John C Topping, Jr., rector, Institute for local Self-Re· Editor, Ripon Forum liance; Mark Frazier, Director, 10:00 AM Panel Discussion local Government Center, Santa "The Middle East Where Do We Barbara Go From Here?" Participants: Senator Jacob K. 4:30 ·5:00 PM Conference Closing Session Javits; Senator James Abourezk, Remarks by Glenn S. Gerstell, The Honorable Mohamed I. Hakki, President, Ripon Society Minister of Press and Information, 6:30 PM Congressional Reception and Din­ Embassy of Egypt; Mark Frazier, ner featuring "A Saturday Night author of Ripon Policy Paper, Revue of Administration Follies" "Free Trade Zone for the West The Honorable Alan W. Steelman, Bank," Master of Ceremonies 11 :45 AM Lunch, Guest Speaker Host Committee: Representative John B. Anderson 1 : 15 PM Panel Discussions Senator Edward W. Brooke Carter's Moral EQuivalent of War on Attorney General J. Marshall Coleman the Middle Class: Taxes and Social Representative Silvio O. Conte Security Representative Millicent H. Fenwick Moderator: Or. Richard Rahn, Ex­ Senator Mark O. Hatfield ecutive Director, American Council Representative Margaret M. Heckler for Capital Formation Representative Paul N. McCloskey Entrepreneurship' A Vanish ing Representative Stewart McKinney Representative Joel Pritchard Vocation? Representative Philip E. Ruppe Moderator: The Honorable Mitch­ Senator Robert T. Stafford ell Kobelinski, former Administra­ tor of SBA Bl ack Tie OPtional $ 15.00 Reception Participants: Philip Johnson, for­ mer President, National Congress 35.00 Dinner and Reception for Community Economic Develop- 100.00 Patron . --~~----~----~--~~--~--~------~------~. . Housing Registration NATIONAL ISSUES CONFERENCE

If you should require overn ight accommodation for either Friday or Saturday evenings, May 19th and 20th. complete the form below and return to: Ms. Ardell Fleeson. Housing Chairman, National Issues Conference. 2069 Hopewood Drive. Falls Church, Virginia. All forms must be submitted on or before Saturday. May 14th. NAME ______

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Please check the following : o Hotel o Friday, May 19th o Private Home o Saturday, May 20th

May 1978 11 HOW FORD LOST THE ETHNICS: An Inside Account

Well into the Carter Administration's second year, prospective ca ndid ates fo r the next Presidential race are beginning to test the wa ters for 1980. As they begin their careful minuet, they would be well advised to heed the lessons learned from the 1976 cam paign. This article, prepared by members of the Ripon Forum editori al staff, details a classic case of lost political opportunities, the consequences of which future candidates can ignore only at their own peril.

ERALD FORD lost his 1976 City Hall in many cities, long con­ ian-American nanled Myron Kuropas bid to retain the PreSidency for troll ed by Democrats, is seen as the as Special Assistant to the President G a number of reasons well un­ enemy and oppressor of the neighbor­ for Ethnic Affairs_ Kuropas had been derstood by the general public: the hood. Furthennore, the Federal the regional director fo r the ACTION Watergate disaster, the Nixon pardon, legislation which adds to the oppres­ agency in Chicago, where he was in­ high unemployment, and dissatisfac­ sion was conceived and enacted by timately familia r wi th the leaders of tion with the governmen tal stalemate Dem ocrats in the White House and various ethnic neighborhood groups , underscored by his lengthy string of Congress. In addition, the best or­ and he had earned a doctorate in vetoes. By the time the campai gn year ganized and most vocal of these neigh­ ethnic studies. Backed up by rolled around all these facto rs were borhoods are those peopled by white Baroody, Kuropas began to engineer a largely beyond Mr. Ford's control. ethnic stock, particularly second and White House Conference on "Eth­ The President, however, still had the third generation Italians and Eastern nicity and Neighborhood Revitaliza· opportunity to develop new issues for Europeans. tion." The significance of this title his campaign, issues around which a was that, unlike previous overture s to majority could have been cemented. These urban white ethnics are swing white ethnics built around Cold War Yet Mr. Ford and his top advise rs voters who may, give n the right in­ and captive nations themes, this ap· failed to seize this opportuni ty. Their centives, vote RepUblican. Finally , the proach was founded on the rapidly failure is nowhere so astonishing as in rhetoric of the neighborhood move­ growing interest of urban white the area of preserving declining urban ment has a striking similarity to tra­ ethnics in preserving their neighbor­ neighborhoods. ditional Republican rhetoric about hoods. self-help, resourcefulness , grassroots In the past few years, an increasingly leadership, local control , and pro­ The approach espoused by Kuropas strong movement has arisen in the tection of property values. It would and Ba roody differed in at least old~r cities of the eastern and mid­ certainly require no ideological prosti­ two respects from earlier neigllbor­ western industrial states. That move­ tution for traditional Republicans to hood appeals. First , this approach ment is an uncoordinated, spontane­ embrace the neighborhood preserva­ emphasized wo rking partnerships be­ ous, block-by-block movement to ti on cause. tween black, Hispanic and white "save the neighborhood." The threats ethnic city dwellers rather than the to the urban neighborhood are legion. This potential for political su pport was polari7jng tactics of such self pro­ They include housing decay , mortgage at least dimly recognized in the Ford claimed ethnic spokesmen as Phila­ redlini ng, deterioration of city serv­ While House by early 1976. The delphia Mayor Frank Ri zzo. Second, ices, ever-higlle r property tax rates, recogni tion perhaps dawned first in learning from the fai lures of sixties crime and vandalism, busing, air the agile mind of Assistan t to the style confrontation politics, this stra­ po ll ution, and the depredations of President William J. Baroody, Jr. In tegy stressed the imporlance of close freeways and urban renewal . The in­ late 1974 President Ford had named re lationshi ps between city hall and habitants of threatened neighborhoods Baroody to head a new Office of neighborhood groups. have organized in block clubs, citizens Public Li aison. Its purpose was to leagues, and neighborhood associa­ maintain congenial and politically tions, de temlined to reverse the de­ profitable contacts with various Ethnic Con ference cline and protect thei r way of life , private interest groups, and to give their communal associa tions and their those groups a respectful hearing at Working closely with Msgr. Geno property values. the White 1·louse itself. Baroody (him­ Baroni, the politicall y shrewd head of self of Lebanese extraction) realized the National Center for the Urban Four reasons make thi s situation ad­ that whi te ethnic Americans dese rved Ethn ic Affairs, Ku ropas organized the mirably suited as the target of a Re­ re cognition along with the traditional ethnic conference for May 5, 1976, in publican appeal. In the first place , the categories such as agriculture, veterans, the White House East Wing. Some 78 labor, business, professions, and the ethnic leaders attended. people with media. To build a bridge in their names like Cyganowski and DiPippo, direction , he accepted the urgings of Pugevicius and Von Ri estenberg. Ocopyright 1978 by Heartland Publica tions numerous ethnic leaders and brought Leading the ad ministra tion delegation Cor!>Ora tion, all rights reserved. to the White House in 1975 a Ukrain- were Commerce Secretary Elli ot 12 Ripon Forum Richardson (Representing America's But, strangely and significantly, HUD well before the fall cam paign. They first immigrants, said one wag), Small Secretary Ca rl a Hills was not present. pointed out that Senator William Business Administrator Mitchell In her place came two lower level Proxmi re, Chairman of the Senate Kobelinski, Minority Business Enter­ officials. One , Deputy Assistant Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs prise Director Alex Annendaris, and Secretary Warren Bu tler. admitted the Committee and a strong neighborhood President Ford himself, who spoke in­ follies of past urban renewal efforts, formally to the group in the Rose but seemed unwilling to go beyond Garden before lunch. the administration's advocacy of gen· eral reven ue sharing fo r Ihe cities. The The confe rence was built around a other, Assistant Secretary for Con­ " 'We have fa iled to realize powerful position paper written by sumer Affairs Constance Newman , that people live in Baroni, entitled "Neighborhood Re­ who is black, spent most of her al­ neighborhoods, not cities.' vitalization: Neighborhood Policy for lotted time dwelling on the possibility said Baroni." a Pluralistic Urban Society." Arguing that "neighborhood revitalization" that the Fede ral policy of the preced­ might become a code word for racism. ing decades had "nearly destroyed the This feeble HUD participation was to various levels of human associations foreshadow disastrous problems for which make urban life possible," President Ford in the months ahead. policy backe r, had introduced a bill to Baroni called for the beginning of a create a presidential commission on new urban policy founded on the rich neighborhoods. The Whi te House, TIle Reagan Effect variety of ethnic differences, and on they said, would seize the issue preservation and revitalization of before it appeared to be only a reo urban neighborhoods. "We have failed Moreover, the White House Confer· sponse to the initiative of a Demo· to recognize that people li ve in ence on Ethnicity and Neighborhood cratic Congress. (The bill later passed neighborhoods, not cities," said Revitalization opened on a Wednesday the Senate without opposition, but Baroni. "And worse yet," he added, morning only hours after Ford had died on the House calendar when "we have transferred so much author­ suffered crushing Presidential primary Congress adjourned in October.) ity and decision making power to losses to Reagan in Indiana, Georgia, various levels of government that the and Alabama. These defeats, coming A contrary opinion came from OMB vitality and problem solving capacity on lop of Ford's shellacking in the Director James Lynn, a fonne r Secre· of ou r neighborhoods arc steadily dis­ Ma y I Texas prinlary, had riveted tary of HUD. Lynn was, necessa ril y, appearing. Power," explained White House staff attention on the aghast at the current $60 billion Baroni, "must be returned to the President's intra·party rival. Public budget deficit and had regularly axed people." To begin to move toward emphasis at this point on an urban almost every proposal for new expend· that goal. Baroni called for creation of policy of any sort would, some Ford itures. TIle CommiSSion, Lynn argued , a Presidential Commission on Neigh­ strategists perceived , be viewed as an would not in itself cost much money, borh ood Policy. Its task would be to opening to the left susceptible to ex· but it would undoubtedly produce review all existing Federal programs ploitation by Reagan . Thus, the White recommendations for vas tly increased impacting on neighborhoods, and to House Press Office gave minimal play urban spending which the Ford develop from that review and from to the very successful conference Administration, assuming it was new suggestions a national neighbor. which Baroody had convened . This continued in office, could ignore only hood policy. same White House preoccupation with at its political peril. Crucial to Lynn's the Reagan challenge delayed se ri ous argument was the premise that any Baroni 's eloquent address was received thought on general election initiatives problems would require vast amounts with almost wild emhusiasm by the that might appeal to swing voters in of Federal funds, funds which simply invited ethnic leaders. So was that of large Northern cities. Meanwhile, could not be expended with a mon· Secretary Richardson. He recognized Jimmy Carter, having recove red from strous budget deficit hanging over­ that the Federal govemment was often his ve rbal gaffes on the subject of head. Lynn apparently failed to per­ more the cause of neighborhood "ethnic purity," had quietly begun to ceive that a grassroots, self·help problems, than a source of assistance. develop close contacts with ethnic "neighborhood power" program might He joined in the call for development leaders around the country. not require significant new spe nding. of a national neighborh ood policy, Baroody and Kuropas, his chief adver­ even suggesting experimentation with Saries on the issue, lacked the program gen uine neighborh ood government. 1.11 The White li ouse expertise to defeat Lynn's premise and The Boston Brahmin, fanner Ambass· confined their advocacy 10 poli tical ador to tJl e Couri of St. James, per· Although, the May fifth Ethnic Can· grounds. fectly attired in pin striped suit , also ference developed, as Baroni and convulsed his audience by observing Kuropas had hoped, a strong consen· While this debate raged within the that, "There can be no doubt that the sus among participants for a Presiden· White House , a group named Federal government has pissed away tial Commission on Neighborhood "National Peoples' Action" (NPA) billions in the cities." OMBE Director Policy, debate raged within the White sponsored a well·attended conference Armendaris and SBA Administrator House on the wisdom of such a course . in Washington on June 13. 14 , 1976. Kobelinski enthusiasti cally pledged Baroody and Kuropas urged creation Their slogan was "Neighborhoods supporl for development of a nat ional of at least a high level task fo rce to Firs!." Led by Gail Cincotta, a neighborhood policy. reap the poli tical harvest of the issue skilled Chicago organizer and orator. May 1978 13 the conference·goers pilloried hapless For in the statement announcing the cabinet official whose department he federal officials sent to defend govern· fonnation of the group there appeared recognized, was a large part of the ment policies. Delegations from a new and primary concern with problem; staff work by an unimagina­ practically every large and medium "cities," not neighborhoods. "Neigh· tive HUD bureaucracy; a steady shift sized Northern city east of the Mis· borhood life" everywhere became of focus away from neighborhoods sissippi were in attendance. Kuropas "urban and neighborhood life ," the and toward larger city issues; and was there, one of the few Federal of. locus of the problems became "cities election day rapidly approaching. The ficials to get a decent welcome. and and urban neighborhoods." The need opportunity for capturing the urban his first hand observations fortified for greater problem solving capacity at ethnic vote was rapidly being lost. his detennination to press for White the "local level" began to look like House action despite Lynn's strong "power to city hall" rather than objections. "power to the people." New Tack

Late in June it became clear that the It was not until July 21 that HiUs So Kuropas tried another tack. He President would side with Baroody called the organizational meeting of arranged a meeting with the Vice and Kuropas and appoint some sort of her Committee- only 15 weeks reo Chairman of the President Ford high level study committee. The mained before election day. As its Commillee, Elly Peterson . As a skilled question then arose: Who would chair chief of staff Hills named HUD Assist· and experienced political organizer, it? Richardson was eager for the ant Secretary for Research and Tech­ who had herself worked to mobilize opportunity. But Richardson was also nology Charles Orlebeke , a fonner ethnic groups in early Romney eager to be named Vice President on newsman who had been an aide to campaigns in Michigan, she would the 1976 ticket with Ford, which fonner HUD Secretary George Kuropas thought, be able to persuade added a new dimension of intrigue. Romney both in Michigan and in the Ford high command to do some· HUD Secretary Hills, who had earned Washington. While personable, thing intelligent- and quick- to win high marks for her quick mastery of Orlebeke was hardly noted as an urban white ethnic votes. urban affairs, was eager. If the Com· original thinker. Working with merce Secretary were named to head a Orlebeke was Hills' Special Assistant Kuropas appeared in Peterson's office task force on urban problems over the Leonard Zax. with Kobelinski and Chicago Repub­ HUD Secretary, it could only be view· lican Congressman Edward Derwinski, ed as a stunning rebuff to her aspira· Three weeks into the committee's a longtime champion of ethnic issues. tions and a boost for Richardson's. work, National Peoples' Action came Hills absolutely insisted that she, not back to Washington to find OUt what Richardson. be named to chair any progress was being made. As always, task force. its spokesmen were loaded fo r bear. The need for greater problem NPA had had a running battle with solving capacity at the Hills over FHA and HUD policies, 'local level' began to look The President's Decision adopting as its unofficial ~ogan "Fire Her Ass." Nothing they learned in like 'power to city hall' On June 30 the President announced August 7 meeting with Kuropas and rather than his decision. There would be a "Presi· Orlebeke changed their minds. Rev . 'power to the people.' .. dent's Committee on Urban Develop. B.ill Tanguay of PACE , Providence , ment and Neighborhood Revitaliza· R.I. objected that a committee made tion," chaired by Hills and including up only of high level Federal officials 12 other top level officials, among could scarcely be expected to level any One after another they pleaded with them Lynn, Baroody, Richardson , and criticisms against Federal policy. Paul Peterson; who seemed to exhibit Kobelinski. The assignment of the Bloyd, a neighborhood organizer from little interest in their message . The new group was to "examine urban Oak Park, m., and NPA Chairwoman President Ford Committee, she sta ted problems and to make re commenda· Cincotta joined in protesting the firmly, was not organized to make tions to improve current Federal absence of neighborhood people. any special appeal to ethnics, and programs in order to revitalize urban Kuropas agreed with them ; Orlebeke the neighborhood issue was obviously and neighborhood areas." Specifical· said that decisions in such matters entrusted to other hands. Finally she Iy, the group was to recommend were up to the President, but the NPA agreed to confer upon a junior staff changes in current programs "to place delegation was not offered the member the additional title of Ethnic maximum decision making responsibil· opportunity to take the matter up Committee Chainnan. Kuropas and ity at the local level." with Mr. Ford in person. Orlebeke Kobelinski were astonished and announced that the report would be dismayed; Derwinski was completely lltis mandate contained two highly made publ.ic October I-a mere five disgusted. There was to be no support significant points. One was that the weeks before election day. Said from the President's re-election task force was implicitly confined to Cincotta, disgusted with the meeting, committee. reshaping existing programs, ratller "Back to the streets in September; than breaking any new ground. back to Washington in October." Perhaps more important, the neigh­ Platform Statements borhood focus unanimously urged by The whole development of this issue the May fifth Ethnic Confe rence parti­ alanned Kuropas. He saw a long, Ironically, even earlier when the cipants had been Significantly diluted. dilatory process; leadership by a Ford White House and Campaign '4 Ripon Forum Comntittee had s.hown al most no ment :lIld Ne ighborhood Revitatlzation return by Friday, the eighth. interest in publicizing the Administra­ to include repreii!lntati~1 of state and local officials and th e private sector. tion's urban stance for fear this could The first draft report was, to put it play into Reagan 's hands. two innova­ mildly, pedestrian and tedious. Its tive Republican leaders succeeded in The Reagan platfonn watchdogs who focus was not on neighborhoods, but hammering a strong neighborhood slapped about the Ford forces on on cities. The long range goal of the oriented "National Urban Strategy" several issues readily accepted this committee was "to shape policies and plank in the Republican P1atfonn. strong neighborhood language of An­ programs which make the most of the Congre"man John Anderson of Illi­ derson and Cianci. In the early stages cities' potential so that millions of nois, co-chairman of the subcommittee of the campaign Reagan had begun to Americans of diverse ethnic and racial for urban policy, refashioned the incorporate neighborhood movement backgrounds can preserve or re-create bland White House language into an rhetoric into his critiques of the Wash ­ healthy urban neighborhoods." The ington bureaucracy. In choosing report acknowledged that certain past Richard Schweiker as his prospective actions of the Federal government had ru nning mate, the former California been injuri ous to the cities, but touted governor was not only bidding for 3. the advent of Republican-sponsored Northeastern delegate breakthrough. block grant programs as the dawn of a " Ironically . at the same time but also angling for urban ethnic votes. new era. The report promised admini­ that the Ford White House The Pennsylvania Senator had become strative improvements in block grant and Campaign Committee had noted among neighborhood and ethnic programs and extens.ions of that device shown almost no interest in spokesmen as one of their leading to the areas of housing, education, publiciz. ing the Congressional champions, particularly health care, and transportation, Administration's urban on such mailers as the Ethnic Heritage stance ... two innovative Bill. Despite the fact that the Secretary of Republican leadcrs succeeded Treasury was included on the commit­ Having succeeded in pressing strong tee to help appraise the impact of in hammering a strong neighborhood language into the plat­ ncighborhood oriented Federal Tax policies on housing fo rm , Cianci sought to address the problems, the report declined to offer 'National Urban Strategy' whole convention on the neighbor­ any concrete proposals for tax plank into the Republica n hood issue. The only opening he was changes. Instead, it urged yet another pJatfonn." offered was a chance to introduce "general review" of selected areas. John Connally, The resourceful and The onl y concrete legislative proposals irrepressible Cianci turned tltis to of consequence in the report were the advantage in an introduction which espousal of the Brown-Griffm was much more memorable than countercyclical block grant measure, a Connally's lengthy "gloom and doom" rejiggering of the community devel­ eloquent statement tuned to the aspir­ address. Poking fun at Carter's Ac­ opment block grant formula to real­ ations of the neighborhood movement. ceptance Speech reference to Eye­ locate some 532.5 million to declining A number of the specific initiatives talians, Cianci then went on eloquent­ eastern cities, and an increase from $5 endorsed in the platform had been put ly to urge a Republican espousal of to $15 million of the HUD urban forward in February 1976 in a provoc­ neighborhood revitali zation . Despite homesteading program. Since the staff ative paper "Neighborhood Revitaliza­ the brief nurry of interest in neigh­ work was done by HUD research chief tion: An Alternative to Bureaucratic borhood self help at the Kansas City Orlebeke, the draft report not sur­ liberalism" to a Ripon Society spon­ Convention, the Ford high command prisingly re commended an "ambitious sored discussion in which Monsignor still seemed oblivious to the potential proaram of research and demonstra­ Ba roni participated.' Anderson's of this issue. This same lack of ur­ tions aimed at finding out which ap­ language was further strengthened by gency was renected in snail's pace proaches to solving problems work Providence's young Mayor Vincent A. progress by the President's Committee best"- this, despite the fact that HUD (Buddy) Cianci who secured the addi­ on Urban Development and Neigh­ Research and Technology had been tion of the following paragraphs: borhood Revitalization. funded at about the $65 million-a-year level for a number of years, apparently We need a comprehensive approach to plan, develop and implement I variety of By late summer Orlebeke was assem­ without being able to discover "which progl'ams which take into account the bling material for the Hills report and approach to solving problems works many diverse needs of each neighbor­ circula ting it to members of the Presi­ best." hood . The establishment of a National dent's Committee. It was not until Neighborhood Policy will signal I com­ The draft report was not enthusias· mitment to the improvement of the October I , the date originally sc hed­ quality of our life in our neighborhoods. uled for public release , that Hills got tically received by at least some of the a draft on her desk. She was, re­ participating Secretaries. Richardson we call for :lIl expansion of the Presi­ portedly, not satisfied with what she complained about the lack of neigh­ dent's Committee on Urban Develop- sa w, but since the report was overdue borhood focus. OMBE Director she agreed to circulate it to the other Armendaris, in his comments to members for comment. The draft Richardson , hammered hard at HUD's I. John C. Topping, Jr. and Michael C. arrived in the offices of the other abandonment of neighborhood policy Wells, "Neighborhood Revitalization," and argued strongly fo r more emphasis Ripon Qutlrterly, Sumrner 1976. Vol. 3 members on Monday, October fourth, No.1. with instructions for comment and on neighborhood commercial strip May 1978 15 revitalization. Th e OMBE Director shredder. TIle I'IUD Secretary never· broad scale allack on neighborhood was able to push 3dditional language theless had few illusions about the problems under the control of neigh ­ into the final report on the latter quality of the report. As one of her borhood people. but his protest about the abandon· top aides has since explained, she mellt of the neighborh ood focus fell doubted the Ford White House could TIle 1967 Percy bill was emasculated on deaf ears at II UD . be receptive 10 anything th3t might by Sen3te Democrats (led by Sen. seem 100 imaginative. Secretary Hills Walter Mondale) and the destruction was prepared 10 bailie for this thin of the bill's neighborhood orientation A Final Draft gruel she was serving in the belief that sent McClaugtllY off in disgust to the alternalive was total Ford silence H3rvard's Institute of Politics. After a With comments from the agencies , on urban policy. all October 17 , a year at Harvard he returned home to Orlebeke and Zax produced what Sunday. she and Transportation Secre· Vermont and was elected to two lenns proved to be the final version. While tary William Colem3n, who was con· in Ule Vermont legislature. During the organization and prose were cerned tha t some Ford st31emenl be that lime, however, he maintained his improved in places and some of the made on urban policy, came to the national contacts, and was the prin. more unintelligible parts deleted, there White House 10 shoot il out with Lynn cipal supplier of the domestic policy was little change in substance. The and the staff in frotH of President ideas enunciated by Richard Nixon in goal of the task force was revised Ford. The debate waxed hot and his " Bridges to Human Dignity" slightly: "to sha pe policies and heavy , but finally Ford 1ll3de his de· addresses during the 1968 campaign, programs which ma ke the most of the cision. "They're always saying this the basis for the subsequent Federal economic and social resources of the Administration has no policy for the minority enterprise program. cities, re cognizing the unique assets of cities," he said , "Now," w3ving the the cities' diverse neighborhoods and reporl in the air, "they won't be able McClaugilry had steadfastly retained people." Commerce and SBA won to say it anymore." TIle President was his detenllination to make Republi· recognition of their efforts to rejuven· apparently unaware of the drastic shift cans aware of the need to unleash ate inner city economies. The of focus from the neighborhood con· "people power" in declining urban imagined vi rtues of Labor's CETA cerns expressed in the Ma y fifth Eth­ neighborhoods, and wrillen a number training program were expounded lIic Conference to the macro·solutions of reports and articles on the subject. upon at greater length. The proposal aimed at City UaJl by the I'!ills report. He was friendly with the leaders of the to reallocate $32.5 million in com' Public release dale was scheduled for "neighborhood movement" like munity development revenue sharing Wednesday, October 20- just two Baroni and Cincolla. By hook or by evaporated into a promise 10 review the weeks before election day. crook, McClaugilry got his hands on alloca tion fomwla with Ihe needs of the first draft of the Hills report early the older cities in mind. The S 10 mil­ The McOaughry Effort in October. Having attended the May lion increase for Urban Homesteading fifth Ethnic Conference at Baroody's became an "honorable mention" with At this poinl occurred a remarkable, invita tion, he was appaUed at the no specified amount. Orlebcke's but ultimately futile , laSI ditch effort transfomlalion of a project for rev ital­ " ambitious" program to discover what to rescue the silUation. It was izing neighborhoods inlo a groping and several hundred million dollars worth mounted, single handed, by a com­ tOla ll y unsuccessful effort to placate of research had f3iled to discover plete outsider, a longt ime Republican the overwhelmingly Democratic City du ring his years of innuence at HUD operative and idea peddler na med Halls. Catclting a plane to Washington was reduced to 3 call for a "coor­ John McCla ughry. Nine years before, on October 19 , he was determined to dinated" effort. McCla ughry, then special assistant to rallle all the bars of his friends in the Senator Charles Percy, had developed White House. in an attempt to gener­ TIlis final version wellt to tIle White and drafted 3 major " Republican ate a document that could not only House Ihe week of October 11, where alternative" to the Creat Society produce a genuine Republican neigh­ it sparked a passiona te controversy. urban progranlS. The Percy bill. borhood policy , but also win votes for Lynn, who had opposed the whole ultimately sponsored by all 36 Repub· President Ford . project from the beginning, urged that Iican Senators and 11 2 Republican the report - now deSignated an "interim" report - be pigeonholed. It 1lle White Hou se lnvasion was too late to get any election mileage out of it, Lynn argued, and its "At this point occurred 3 On the morning of Wednesday. release , containing essentially nothing ultimately remarkable, but October 20. McClaughry arrived at the for mayors or for neighborhoods, futile, last ditch effort to White House with a 23-page draft would merely give the Democrats rescue the situation." campaign ammunition. Taking Lynn's Presidential statement in his briefC3se. side were White House aides Jim Cavanaugh, deputy to Chief of Staff The vocal Vermonter made impas. Richard Cheney. and Domestic Coun­ members of the House, was buill sioned arguments wherever he could cil staffers James Cannon and Arthur squarely on a "neighborhood get a hearing. Quem. strategy:" expanding residen t owner­ ship, encouraging private sector McClaughry's draft statement differed But Ca rl 3 I·lills W3 S not about to see involvement , grassroots initi3tive by drastically in philosophy and con lent her handiwork fed to the paper- neighborhood associations, and a from the Hills Report. although it reo '6 Ripon Forum tained some of the laller's harmless tion benefits when a slum owner Cavanaugh, who did not kn ow provisions. In ringing rhetoric akin to donated the building to a NHS or McClaughry, opened the interview Baroni's it affirmed the primacy of simil ar rehab program . The draft also with the obvious expectation that it neighborhoods. and the necessity for proposed a one per ce nt Federal Home would conclude in five minutes. When empowering the people of those Loan Bank rediscount rate bonus to McClaughry poured out his arguments neighborhoods to mount their own savings and loans which gave invest­ why the Hills Report would be a grass roots efforts to deal with ment support to NHS-typc neighbor­ disaster, Cavanaugh started to perk neighborhood problems. It con­ hood rehab cfforts, but firmly rejected up. It was in the ensuing half hour demned institutional structures and the idea of federal credit allocation as that McClaughry began to learn how se rvice bureaucracies. It promised a a "solution" for redlinin g. Finally, impossible it was for thc fragmented strong Federal elTort not to shower McClaughry's draft proposed impartial Ford White House to make hard deci- money on City Hall. but to sweep arbitration of claims made under away barriers- many of them erected HUD's "518" program, which indem· by governmen t itself-to spontaneous nifies buyers of FHA-insu red homes when those homes turn out to have " Ultimately the decision was self help by neighborhood people and made: the President would the priva te sector. It was , in shorl , an se ri ous structural defects which the eloquent restatement of what Republi ­ FHA appraiser should have observed. issue a statement praising the cans say they think about social As it stan ds, HUD itself makes all Hills Report, once again problems, but rarely know how to ac­ detcrmination on claims, and to win a reciting the now-familiar list compli sh once in power. claim a homeowner must force I-I UD of the President's to admit its own mist ake and pay up achievements. " out of its own pocket. This has The high points of McClaugh ry's draft proven not only difficult to do, but emphasized the effectiveness of the also eminentl y offensive to the home­ Ne igh borhood Housing Services (NI'IS) sions, even wilh the election a mere buyer's sense of fair play. program, operated in 26 cities by an two wceks away . orphan task force initiated by the Armed with tltis audacious document, Federal Home Loan Bank and Cavanaugh had asked McClaughry to McClaughry set up shop in Kuropas' funded- reluctantly- by HUD to the suggest a strategy 10 salvage the sit ua­ office. Buy this time KUr opas was a extent of a mere $4.5 million in 1976. ti on at thc II tit hour. McClaughry's thoroughly discouraged man . Lured to The NBS program had been ci ted In first effort was straightforward but thc Wh ite House by the prospect of the Hills Report , but no reeommen da· naive : stamp the Hills Report " Re ­ spearheading policy changes beneficial tions had been made concerning it , jected" and ship it back to HUD ; let to white ethnics and their neighbor­ quite possibly because IfUD, which the press find out what had been done hoods, Kuropas had discove red to his COnlroll cd the housing recommenda­ to create in terest; then issue something sorr ow that he had become the White tions in thc Hills Rcport, was jealous resembling McClaughry's draft at a Houses's "token Ukrainian." His of NHS's success. That success, ac· news confe rence. That was amusing du ties seemed to be princi pall y cc rc­ cording to an eval uation by two but impOSSible , Cavanaugh replied. monial. Indeed. when he was asked to Unive rsity of Pittsb urgh re searchers, Hills and Coleman got the President to prepare a mcmo on President Ford's lay in the fact that NHS was nOI a agree on release last Sunday, he said , accomplishments on behalf of ethnic governmental program, but a dcvice to Amcrica, hc was reduced to leading off and if we don't relcase it our only encouragc mobilization of ncighbor­ female cabinet officer and maybe our witll the dccla ration thaI , as a lad, hood people and local lending institu· only black cabinet office r just might Gerald Ford had a pal of Latvian ex ­ tions for locally-controlled nCighbor­ resign. 2 traction. hood re habilitation. McClaugh ry's draft proposed an increase in Fedcral ;'Well, then," said McClaughry, "sup­ support of NHS from S5 to S25 mil· pose we rewrite the re port to make lion in 1978, and at the same time a Deadline Time some sense out of it?" No, replied decentralizing and "cntreprcneurializ­ Cavanaugh, the report is what Hills ing" of the program to thc regional From Kuropas, McCla ughry quickly sent over and can't be tampered with . Icvel to prevent the creation of yet learn ed tha t thc Bills Rcport was to be Well , then why not release the Hills an other ossificd Washington bureau­ re leased that afternoon. Frantically , Report with a minimum of publicity, cracy. McClaughry ra ced to the office of and have the President make a major Chicf of Staff Cheney, with whom he policy address two days later in a Other Im:jor proposals in McClaughry's had served on Capitol Hill years be­ campaign stop in one of the large draft included a Fcderal reinsurance fore. McClaughry im plored Chency's eastern cities on his itinerary? No, system for private rehab loan pools secretary, Kathy Berger, to tell her said Cavanaugh, we can't get any of insured in the first instance by a boss not to let the Hills Report out this into a Presidential address, private mortgage insurance company. until he (McClaughry) bad a chance to because all speeches are controlled by McClaughry also advocated two con­ make his case for an alternative. As it speech writer Robert Hartmann who crete tax law changes: a five year turned out, the report's release had obstinately refuses to include substan- writeoff of home improvemcnt and al rcady been reschcduled for Thurs· rehab in arcas where an NI-I S or similar day , October 21. Cheney asked his program was under way, and a wai ve r deputy, James Cavanaugh , to give 2 The Forum has found no indicalion Ihal of recapture of accele rated dep recia- McClaughry a hearing. IhclC was a risk of such resignations. May 1978 17 tive proposals in speeches. provide detailed recommendations on inclusion of one paragraph recognizjng McClaughry, though experienced in 12 clearly defmed issues. While far the "rich variety of urban neighbor· the ways of Washington , began to get short of a declaration of administra­ hoods" and pledging 10 work with that sickening feeling that he had tion policy, the statement WOUld, citizen groups to preserve and improve stepped through the looking glass. McClaughry hoped, reaffirm the Presi­ them. There were no specifics. dent's nebulous commitment to neighborhoods, and give a concrete in­ A Better Idea dication of the direction he intended Media Reception to move if re-elected. It was late, very But then Cavanaugh had an idea. "We late, McClaughry knew; but if this The combination of a tedious report have one thing to work with," he said , much at least could be produced, it and a bland, self-serving Presidential "the statement the President will issue might be possible to rush it to the statement had a totally predictable tomorrow upon receiving the Hills front lines as last minute ammunition effect on the news media: Ho Hum. Report. Maybe we can beef that up­ in the urban industrial states, where, Said one reporter covering the so long as he doesn't make any everyone knew, Ihe election would be "story" for the New York Times , " If concrete proposals." decided. this had come a couple of months ago maybe- just maybe- we'd have made "Why," McClaughry asked, "could he Cannon accep ted the draft with a something out ofiL But now, this lale get away with this when Hartmann grunt, and on the way out McClaughry in the game , it's not something we are forbids discussion of substance in dropped a copy off with Cavanaugh , likely to attach much importance to." statements?" also working late in the West Wing. As Perhaps the lack of media attention he walked out inlo the chi ll aulumn was merciful. "Aha," said Cavanaugh, "because ai r, McClaughry knew that he had while presidential addresses are con­ gone as far as he could go; that the During the final 10 days of the trolled by Hartmann, presidential fmal decision would be made the next campaign, Ford continued to narrow statements are written by Jim Reich­ morning, and that there was no chance Carter's lead , thanks in large part to ley, and Jim was brought on board by that he could get into the meeting to Bailey and Deardourffs brilliant ad­ Cheney and works for us." argue his case at the actual point of vertising campaign and a growing decision. public impression that Jimmy Carter With this information, McClaughry, a might not be adequate to meet the good frie nd of Reichley's, hastened demands of the Presidency. Yet on back to Ku ropas' now abandoned of- The Baroody Appeal election night a number of Eastern and Midwestern industri al states- New During that hectic day one key actor York , Pennsylvania, Maryland , Dela­ was not in Washington. Bill Baroody ware , Ohio, WisconSi n, and Missouri­ "The combination of a tedious was on a campaign swing scheduled 10 narrowly tilted to Carter. The rural report and a bland, self·serving last several more days. He was thus Georgian's margins in each of these Presidential statement had a not on hand to lend his weight to states were built not only on massive totally predictable effort on McClaughry's efforts. But on that majorities in minority neighborhoods, the news media: Ho Hum." Wednesday night Baroody decided to but also on more modest victories in cu t short his tri p and return to Wash­ the much more vo te-laden white ington. When the hour of decision came on the Ford neighborhood fice to rew rite his 23·page address into policy , or lack thereof, on Thursday "Had Ford campaign a seven-page statement . As he typed, morning, Baroody was there. he received a call from Domestic strategists perceived the Council chief James Cannon, who had receptiveness of those working heard from Cavanaugh what was afoot. But what he didn't know was that class voters to a neighborhood "When can you have this thing on my McClaughry had roared through the preservation appeal, Jimmy desk?" asked Cannon. "Before 10:00 building the previous day , making the Carter might well be back in pm.," McClaughry replied. It was case for a far stronger neighborhood Georgia today shelling then past 7:00 pm. Extracting, reo policy ap peal. Though bolh Cannon peanuts. " viSing, editing, and typing the fmal and Cavanaugh had McClaughry's copy at the same time , McClaughry proposed statement, Baroody (and his raced to meet Cannon's deadline. deputy (Kuropas) were both unaware working class neighborhoods in New of its existence. Neither Cannon nor York City, Buffalo, Philadelphia , A few minutes before 10:00 p.m. Cavanaugh, listening to Baroody's Pittsburgh, Baltimore, Wilmington, McClaughry appeared in Cannon's pleas, let on that a draft along the lines Cleveland, St. Louis, Milwaukee, and office with the completed draft in Baroody advocated was in their file other industrial centers. Had Ford sextuplicate. Since the self-imposed folders. Ultimately the decision was campaign strategists perceived the White House rules precluded 'the Presi­ made: the President would issue a receptiveness of these working class dent from making new proposals, the statement praising the Hills Report, voters to a neighborhood preservation same ideas were recast in the form of a once again reciting the now·familiar appeal , Jimmy Carter might well be charge to the Hills Committee to con­ list of the President's achievements. back in Georgia today shelling tinue beyond its "interim report" to The only concession to Baroody was peanuts. • '8 Ripon Forum EDITOR'S NOTE: Some primitives in the American coumryside still cling 10 the quaint notions o[ limited govemmel/t alld individual liberties. These antediluvians [oil to recognize rllor no great civilization has been built excepllhrough Ihe sweat and inspiration of countless under recognized bureaucrats. This column. which we are afraid may become a regular fealure of the Forum, will recog­ nize particularly noteworthy breakthroughs of our belters MarchesOnl in Wa shington Qnd other founts of governmental power.

Joe Califano. who seems in lent on winning the title of Control authority who swooped down upon a Saint America's Ch ief Busybody, strikes again . HEW tells Patrick's Day party in a community room of a Northern sc; hools in Oak Ridge , Tennessee " It also will be neces­ Virginia apartment building. To their horror, they sary that varsi ty cheerleaders chee r equally for both discovered a young woman selling admission tickets to boys' and girls' varsity teams." Among the other fla­ residents al one dollar each. For this heinous act, this grant assauh s on human rights uncovered by Califano's malefactrix has been charged with selling liquor without charges is the practice of one Oak Ridge civic association a pe rmi t, a crime punishable in the Land of Patrick Hen· to occasionall y treat the all·male football team to steak ry by up to a year in jail. dinners without providing "such se rvices fo r any female team." Meanwhile, across the Potomac, HEW gives us a taste of the state of bliss we can anticipate when Joe Califano be· In another strike fo r human rights, the Massachusetts comes our health czar. The local folk in Velva, North Insurance Commissioner has banned the use of age , sex , Dakota have been trying to re cruit a doctor to re place or marital status in determining auto insurance rates. the town 's only physician who hopes to retire soon. Due to the very disproportionate number of accidents They succeeded in recruiting a foreign physician only to attributed to teenage males, this new policy should re· find that he could not begin work until he had passed suh in a hefty jump in insurance premiums fo r women. an HEW·required English language test which is given Will the next such "reform" be to ban use of sex in life once a year. As a result , there will be a one year delay insurance classifications? This would result in much before the citizens of Velva can experience the healing higher rates for women who because of their much art of British·born Dr . Ian Foster. Perhaps Secretary greater ave rage longevity are normally considered much Califano could extend the same English language re· lower risks. quirement to his employees, especially those who write and enforce HEW regulations. Fort""e reports that the U.S. Department of Labor has be· latedly discovered another threat to the American Our survey of advances on the bureaucratic front would be worker posed by a bordering country- this time Canada, incomplete without a salute to two United States Sena· not Mexico. It seems that U.S. professional hockey toTS. As Washington hands know, behind every ten teams are dominated by Canadian nationals, thus de· thousand bureaucrats stands one U.S. Senator or Con­ priving many mediocre American hockey players of po· gressman whose bright idea spurred a fu rther jump in tential job opportunities. American hockey fans should Federal employment. Two Democratic Senators, Wil · be cheered by the thought that their guardians at Labor liams of New Jersey and Hathaway of Maine, recently might solve the problem by shipping the surplus Cana· announced that they would push legislation requiring dian talent back to Canada to play for such hard·up Federal contractors to se t up alcohol treatment and pre· teams as the Montreal Canadiens. vention programs. The courageous solons pointed out that alcohol abuse costs the American public $20 bil· In Virginia , a stirring blow for public morality was reo lion annually. It is rumored that the Williams·Hathaway cently slruck by agents of the state's Alcoholic Beverage initiative , if enacted, may cost slightly less than that. •

Ea rly Line On Th e Senate Races

Republican strategists see the likeliest Senate gains in South Dakota. where Democrat James Abourezk is re tiring, and Maine, where Senator William Hathaway trails popular Republican Congressman William Cohen. Cohen's vi ctory, together with that of South Dakota Congress· man Larry Pressler. another articulate Republican moderate. would bolster the growing strength of younger Republican progressives in the Senate.

Party strategists se nse a somewhat better than even chance of upending Democratic Senators Floyd Haskell of Colorado and Jennings Ran· (colltillued on nexf page)

May 1978 19 POLITICA L POTPOU RRI Meanwhile, President Carter is pushing legislation allowing continued from page 15 him to double the size of his top personal White House mIT. The Administration-backed legislation would in­ dolph of We st Virginia. In addition, Republicans have a fair crease from 55 to 100 the number of White House staffers chance of taking one or even two Democratic Senate seats entitled to draw annual salaries ranging from 542,500 to in Minnesota, as well as the Mississippi Senate seat being S57,500. Cousin Hugh Carter, Jr. explained to the Na­ vacated by the retiring James Eastland. tiollal Journal: "We wanted to have plenty of flexibility for the future in the evenl of an emergency like World Republican prospects have been dimmed substantially by War III .... " the retirement of incumbents in Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. The early favorites are all Democrats: former A voice from the past surfaced recently in an interview Kansas Congressman Bill Roy, who came within an eyelash from the White House basement conducted by William of defeating Bob Dole in 1974; Nebraska Governor U. Claiborne of the Washington Post. Dr. Peter Bourne, the Exon; and Oklahoma Governor David Boren. British·born Atlanta doctor who together with his wife Mary King formed Carter's advance guard· in winning The GOP's Achilles heel may be the South, where all five Washington establishment support fo r the Georgian's long­ Republican seats are at stake. Only one-that of Tennes­ shot bid, is alive and well. Countering rumors that he has see's Howard Baker- looks safe. Even at the peak of the been shoved aside, Bourne proclaimed, " I deal in human Panama Canal debate, Jesse Helms has slipped behind his concerns. My role now really encompasses al l humanitar· probable Democratic opponent, Luther Hodges, Jr., whose ian issues, particularly in the international area." father was a popular governor and Kennedy Administration Cabinet official. Strom Thurmond has shown greater Bourne added, " I've neve r cared to get into the internal ideological flexibility than Helms, but the South Carolina battles that some people do who see their total role as de­ palJiarch sees his probable Democratic opponent, Charles pendent upon winning or losing those ballies. Those of us (pug) Ravenal , rapidly closing the gap. In Virginia, William from Georgia have a kind of longevity that is secure. His Scott's retirement has given Republicans some hope of (Carter's) commitment to Bert Lance, even in adversity, saving that seat; nevertheless, the outlook is not much reflects that," Bourne said. more than 50·50. As reported in the April Forum , John Tower's Senate seat in Texas remains vulnerable thanks to The President's continued close ties to Lance are beginning the kamikaze tactics of the far right. meanwhile to trouble a number of White House staffmem· ben. Lance's close ties with wealthy Mideastern investors The Democrats could count on a virtually certain pickup if have led some such as New York Times columnist Wil­ New Jersey Republican Clifford Case were upset in his liam Satire to charge that Lance is peddling Presidential primary. Jeff Bell, Reagan's former speechwriter and a access for a very handsome sum. conservative intellectual, has minimal New Jersey ties and would provoke strong union opposition in the general election. Most observers expect Case to survive the primary challenge, but wonder whether Bell's campaign will dent the appeal of New Jersey's strongest votegener of the past Longley Bows Out In Maine generation. Governor Brendan Byrne is flexing his muscles to see tha t his party takes this seat from the GOP. The decision of Maine's Independent Governor James Longley to retire from politics al the end of his four year The rathe r modest Republican Senate outlook is in part a term was good news to both major parties. Had Longley function of the facl Ihal 17 of 34 seats at stake this year sought reelection as Governor, he would have been strongly are now held by Republicans. Carter's growing unpopu­ favored. Longley was also believed to be weighing the larity and runaway inflation may enhance Republican pro­ possibility of entering the U.S. Senate race , now hotly con­ spects, but few sweeping gains seem in sigh\. tested between incumbent Democrat William Hathaway and Republican U.S. Representative William Cohen. Longley's action leaves Cohen the favorite.

Inside The Populist Palace

Despite reams of adverse publicity over his after hours activity. Hamilton Jordan's stock with the President reo Another Scranton In Pennsylvania Politics mains high . The Administration's narrow victory in the Senate on the neutrality treaty with Panama was attribu­ For years, many Pennsylvania Republicans have nurtured table in good measure to the skillful strategy mapped out the hope that former Governor William W. Scranton, Jr. by Jordan. Opinion makers in states whose Senators would relurn to state polilics. Scranton's popularity has were on the fence were given red carpet treatment and remained quite high in the eleven years since he left the thorough briefings in the White House. As a result , key Governor's mansion. In 1978, Keystone State Republicans Southern Democratic Senators swung to a pro-treaty po· again have a chance to vote for a Scranton. But this time, sition despile the organized anti·treaty sentiment in many 3 1 year old William W. Scranton III is seeking his party's of their states. Jordan is now ramrodding a reorganization nomination for lieutenant governor. The younger Scran· designed to spruce up the White House staffs current ton is favored to win the primary and may soon be follow· abysmal reputation for competence. ing his father's footsteps to Harrisburg. •