Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) (Report as on 30.4.2020)

Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) is caused by Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV), a member of the virus family Flaviviridae. KFDV was identified in 1957 when it was isolated from a sick monkey from the Kyasanur Forest in Karnataka State, India. Since then, between 400-500 humans cases per year have been reported.

Hard ticks (Hemaphysalis spinigera) are the reservoir of KFD virus and once infected, remain so for life. Rodents, shrews, and monkeys are common hosts for KFDV after being bitten by an infected tick. KFDV can cause epizootics with high fatality in primates.

Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) has been reported in Thirunelli panchayath in the district of Wayanad. This is a seasonal disease usually reportec from December to May. During these periods nymphal stage of Tick is very active, the exposure of human is also more in the forest. Since humans are affected, it can be presumed that there is an infective nymphal stage of tick being transmitted from monkeys to humans. There are reports of monkeys showing symptoms of Kyasanur Forest disease, and few death reports in monkeys.

A team of officers under the leadership of District collector is actively working to control the spread of KFD virus and to eradicate the disease. Health, Animal Husbandry, Revenue, Forest, Local Self Government, Veterinary University, Tribal Development and other related departments are under mission mode activities to prevent the KFD. Awareness camps have been conducted; Firewood, fodder and Grocery kits have been supplied to families residing near forests; disinfecting measures have been adopted and treatments for the affected peoples have been given.

This year a total of 24 cases have confirmed as KFD and 14 cases are under observation. So far 3 deaths have been occurred due to KFD in Wayanad.

Economics and Statistics Page 1

Number of KFD Patients in in Last two years (Reported Cases Month -Wise)

Confirmed cases of KFD Probable cases of KFD Month 2020 2019 2020 2019 Case Death Case Death Case Death Case Death January 4 2 1 6 February 5 3 March 5 1 3 1 3 1 April 10 1 1 1 10 1 May June 1 1 July August September October November December Total 24 2 7 2 14 1 11 0

40 38

35

30

25

20 18 Total Case Death 15

10

5 3 2

0 2019 2020

Economics and Statistics Page 2

Number of KFD Patients in Wayanad District in 2020 (PHC/CHC wise -Wise)

2020 Name of PHC/CHC Conf. Prob Total Sl No Case Death Case Death Case Death 1 Appapara 22 1 11 1 33 2 2 Poothady 0 0 0 0 3 Mullankolly 0 0 0 0 4 Chethalayam 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 7 Chethalayam 0 0 0 0 8 Meppadi 0 0 0 0 9 Periya 0 0 0 0 10 Begur 1 1 3 0 4 1 11 Chulliode 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 13 Porunannore 0 0 0 0 14 Padinjarathara 0 0 0 0 15 Kurukkanmoola 1 0 0 0 1 0 Total 24 2 14 1 38 3

35 33

30 Cases Deaths

25

20

15

10

5 4 2 1 1 0 0 Appapara Begur Kurukkanmoola

Economics and Statistics Page 3

Number of KFD Confirmed and Probabale Patients in Wayanad District Since 2013

(Reported Cases Month -Wise)

Confirmed Cases Probable Cases Total Cases Year

Case Death Case Death Case Death 2013 1 0 0 0 1 0 2014 1 0 0 0 1 0 2015 102 11 112 0 214 11 2016 9 0 5 0 14 0 2017 0 0 0 0 0 0 2018 0 0 0 0 0 0 2019 7 2 11 0 18 2 2020 24 2 14 1 38 3 Total 144 15 142 1 286 16

250 Case Death 214

200

150

100

50 38 18 11 14 10 1 0 00 0 0 0 2 3 0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Economics and Statistics Page 4

Details of Vaccination done in the year 2020. (Month – wise) 2020 Month General ST Total M F M F M F Total January 74 122 158 182 232 304 536 February 117 191 242 268 359 459 818 March 1013 1275 1089 1757 2102 3032 5134 April 427 238 435 532 862 770 1632 May 0 0 0 Total 1631 1826 1924 2739 3555 4565 8120

Details of Vaccination done in the year 2020. (Institution – wise) 2020 Institution General ST Total M F M F M F Total Appapara 698 845 1242 1881 1940 2726 4666 Poothady

Mullankolly

Chethalayam

Noolpuzha 18 3 89 107 3 110

Pulpally

Chethalayam

Meppadi

Periya Begur 915 978 593 858 1508 1836 3344 Chulliode

Meenangadi Porunannore

Padinjarathara Kurukkanmoola Pakkam Total 1631 1826 1924 2739 3555 4565 8120

Economics and Statistics Page 5

Details of Vaccination done in the year 2019. (Month – wise) 2019 Month General ST Total M F M F M F Total January 78 58 68 41 146 99 245 February 16 4 3 4 19 8 27 March 65 55 325 402 390 457 847 April 14 12 95 122 109 134 243 May 3 23 52 108 55 131 186 June 4 1 47 86 51 87 138 July 0 0 0 August 0 0 0 September 0 0 0 October 10 55 40 55 50 105 November 8 66 53 99 61 165 226 December 3 1 63 106 66 107 173 Total 191 230 761 1008 952 1238 2190

Details of Vaccination done in the year 2019. (Institution – wise) 2019 Institution General ST Total M F M F M F Total Appapara 56 60 575 815 631 875 1506 Poothady 5 7 28 5 33 12 45 Mullankolly 35 137 15 58 50 195 245 Chethalayam 0 0 0 Noolpuzha 27 5 57 34 84 39 123 Pulpally 30 4 3 33 4 37 Chethalayam 14 14 2 16 14 30 Meppadi 14 14 0 14 Periya Begur 81 96 81 96 177 Chulliode Meenangadi Porunannore Padinjarathara Kurukkanmoola Pakkam 10 3 10 3 13 Total 191 230 761 1008 952 1238 2190

Economics and Statistics Page 6