Acari, Laelapidae (Ectoparasitic Mites), Central and Southern Chile

n Acari, Laelapidae (ectoparasitic mites), central and pecies S

southern Chile of

istribuitio Marcela Lareschi 1* 2 D ists L and Daniel González-Acuña raphic

g 1 Centro de Estudios Parasitoló[email protected] y de Vectores, CEPAVE (CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP) calle 2 # 584, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. 2 Universidad de Concepción, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Departamento de Ciencias Pecuarias. Avenida Vicente Méndez 595. Chillán, Chile. eo * Corresponding author. E-mail: G Abstract: he fauna of mites of many Neotropical n o

central and southernLaelapidae Chile: Acanthochela mites include chilensis ectoparasites of small mammals. T Dromiciops gliroides Thomas 1894;

otes Lukoschusareas is still maresi understudied, Radovsky and and such Gettinger is the 1999 case fromof Chile. Abrothrix We report olivaceus the results (Waterhouse of a survey 1837) carried; Laelaps out echidninus in N Berlese 1887 from Rattus rattus (Linnaeus Ewing1758) 1933and R. is norvergicus reported from (Berkenhout 1769); and Gigantolaelaps wolffsohni (Oudemans 1910) and Mysolaelaps microspinosus Fonseca 1936 from Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (Bennett 1832) Abrothrix sanborni Osgood 1943 with G. wolffsohni and M. microspinosus was accidental, since these mites are common ectoparasites of oryzomine rodents (Rodentia, Cricetidae, . TheLaelaps association maresi, L.of echidninus and M. microspinosus

Sigmodontinae). are reported for the first time for Chile. The results of this study increase the number of ectoparasitic laelapid mites known from Chile to five species.

Introduction Materials and Methods Mites of the family Laelapidae include ectoparasitic Study Sites species of small mammals, mainly rodents and marsupials Chilean weather conditions, such as humidity and (Strandtmann and Wharton 1958 temperature, are diverse because of its vast variation in the laelapid fauna associated with mammals in the ). Knowledge of Andes mountain range in the east, the Humboldt Current, Strandtmann and Wharton (1958) listed 23 species for latitude and altitude; the Pacific Coast in the west and Neotropical Region However, has the grown fauna significantly of mites of many since The transition from arid to cold and rainy conditions Neotropical areas is still understudied (Furman 1972; beginsthe Pacific from anticyclone the southern and the part proximity of central to the Chile Antarctic. (Iriarte South America. Locality names and coordinates for each sampling where its ectoparasitic laelapid fauna is one of the least point (Figure 1) are: Valparaíso (33°03’ S, 71°36’ W; urban knownStrandmann in the and continent, Wharton since 1958). a few Such species is the were case reported of Chile, zone),2008). Río Melado (35°51’ S, 71°05’ W, farm zone), Campus Chile has Chillán (36°35’ S, 72°05’ W; urban zone), Huemules de borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia in the northeast, Niblinto (36°45’ S, 71°29’ W; forest zone), Concepción (Furman 1972; Radovsky and Gettinger 1999). (Carriel sur) (36°46’ S 73°03’ W; rural zone), Chiloé (Ancud) (41°52’ S, 73°49’ W; rural zone) and La Junta, Inand contrast, Argentina 20 to species the east. of Little laelapid is known mites about were the recorded fauna from Peru Argentina and Bolivia (Lareschi (Gettinger and Mauri and 1998; Gardner Gettinger 2005). In the MiteAysén collections (43°57’ S, 72°23’ W; forest zone). last years two laelapid species were described from the The mammals were captured alive with Sherman and Argentineanand Lareschi Patagonia2009; Lareschi (Radovsky and Gettinger and Gettinger 2009). 1999; collected from the rodent Abrothrix longipilis (Waterhouse mammalTomahawk was traps. removed Traps fromremained the trapopen and throughout transferred the 1837)Gettinnger (Cricetidae, and Lareschi Sigmodontine), 2009). These which species also inhabits were night and were checked in the early morning. Each small Chile (Wilson and Reeder 2005) when the mammal was torpid, it was removed from the geographical distributions of rodent and marsupial host to a plastic bag. After anesthesied with ketami-xilacin, species from neighboring countries. Based (Wilson on andthe current Reeder 2005) bag, identified, and marked, and entire body was brushed Thewith acari a toothbrush were put in over alcohol a white 70 % tray. and After after recoverin laboratory from In year, the 2009, possibility we received of finding a collection new recordsof laelapid of mites mite anesthesia, the animal was released at the point of capture. sampledspecies for by Chile one is of high. the authors (DGA) and collaborators from the skin and pelage of small mammals from central nomenclaturewere examined under of Wilson a stereoscope. and Reeder (2005) as: In the present study we report the MicrobiotheriaSmall mammals: Dromiciops were identified gliroides Thomas following 1894 the mite species encountered, new host and locality records (Microbiotheriidae); Rodentia: Rattus rattus (Linnaeus and southern Chile. 1758), Rattus norvergicus (Berkenhout 1769) (Muridae: are also reported.

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Lukoschus maresi Radovsky and Gettinger 1999 One female was collected on the rodent A. olivaceus from Huemules de Niblinto, and a deutonymph on A. longipilis L. maresi studied

Lukoschus from(Radovsky Chiloé. and Specimens Gettinger of 1999), with its only specieshere fit theL maresi original, was description described of the on thespecies. basis The of genus mites collected on A. longipilis from Neuquén Province (2 . Lukoschus maresi and A. chilensis are the only species included in thekm subfamilyS Lonco Luan Acanthochelinae along Hwy 23), (Radovsky Argentina. and Gettinger Lukoschus maresi was also recorded parasitizing the rodents Irenomys tarsalis (Philippi 1900), O. longicaudatus and1999). one individual of an undetermined species, from localities in Neuquén Province, Argentina (Villa Pehuenia and Villa La Angostura) A. olivaceus (Radovsky and Gettinger 1999). The present record is the first in Chile and Subfamilyconstitutes Laelapinae a new host Berlese for this 1892 mite.

Laelaps echidninus Berlese 1887 Figure 1. neighboring Brazil and the close association of Porto Murtinho region R. rattus and R. The major Paraguay ecoregions (modified from Cacciali 2010) norvergicus respectively, from sampling sites in Porto Murtinho Chaco region, state of Mato Grosso do LaelapsSix and echidninus 5 females is a cosmopolitan were collected parasite on in temperate with the Chaco biome (A). Points represent approximated herpetofauna and tropical areas, primarily parasitizingCampus Chillán,murid rodents, Ñuble. Sul (B). especially species of Rattus, and the record of mammals Murinae); Abrothrix olivaceus (Waterhouse 1837) and other than Rattus represents accidental and temporary Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (Bennett 1832) (Cricetidae, associations (Strandtmann and Wharton 1958; Furman Sigmodontinae); and A. longipilis and Abrotrix sanborni Laelaps echidninus Osgood 1943 following et al. Mites were Laelaps echidninus is the natural vector of cleared in lactophenol and mounted in Hoyer´s medium Hepatozoon1972). muris (Balfour is 1905), recorded and for has the been first found time (D´Elía 2007). in Chile. lafor Plata, taxonomic Argentina identification. and Collection Voucher of Laboratory specimens of Zoology were Juninto experimentally virus (the causing transmit agent the of epidemic agent of hemorrhagic tularemia deposited in the Collection of Entomología del Museo de fever)(Strandtmann has been andisolated Wharton from this 1958). species Moreover, in South since America the (Parodi et al. of the Veterinary Faculty, of the University of Concepción, Chile. The list of mite specimens collected is given below. 1959), the first record of this mite in Chile is commentsNumber of on specimens geographical of each distribution sex, developmental and host species stage, Gigantolaelapsimportant from wolffsohni an epidemiological (Oudemans standpoint. 1910) host and locality are also given. A brief report including One female on A. sanborni from Chiloé, and 6 females on O. longicaudatus from La Junta Aysen, Río Melado, Resultspreviously and known Discussion is also included for each species. Gigantolaelaps wolffsohni has Neotropical distribution Family Laelapidae Berlese 1892 andValparaíso is a common and Concepción parasite of oryzomyine (Carriel sur) rodents were collected.(Furman Subfamily Acanthochelinae Radovsky and Gettinger 1999 1972); thus, the present association with the abrotrichine A. sanborni Gigantolaelaps Acanthochela chilensis wolffsohni small Two females and 2 deutonymphs were collected on rodent from must be considered accidental.Gigantolaelaps wolffsohni the marsupial D. gliroides Ewing 1933 Specimens of A. has already wasbeen reported described associated from an with unidentified O. longicaudatus chilensis in northwesternValparaiso, Argentina Chile. (Lareschi et al. La Junta from Chiloé. Aysen, Río Melado and Concepción (Carriel sur) represent Radovsky studied and Gettinger here fit 1999); descriptions one of the given females for females had an new localities for G. wolffsohni 2003). and deutonymphsAcanthochela (Ewing chilensis1933; Mauri was describedand Alzuet on1985; the basis of specimens collected from the marsupial Thylamys , which extends the southern elegansegg inside. Acanthochela Mysolaelapslimit of its known microspinosus distribution. Fonseca 1936 chilensis was also reported associated with D. gliroides from One female on A. sanborni from Chiloé, and 2 females San Martín(Waterhouse de los Andes, 1839) Neuquénfrom Lota, Province, Chile. Argentina on O. longicaudatus from Aysén, Concepción, were (Mauri and Alzuet 1985), and Malleco, Sanbern, in Chile Mysolaelaps microspinosus is known only from The species was described A. chilensis fromcollected. an undetermined rat from (Radovsky and Gettinger 1999). The new reported record the southern neotropics. extends the distribution of to Chiloé. São Paulo, Brazil. In Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 4 | 2010 547 Lareschi and González-Acuña | Acari, Laelapidae (ectoparasitic mites), central and southern Chile northwestern and central Argentina this mite has been recorded in humid environments from oryzomine rodents Parasitiformes: Laelapidae) associated with the abrotrichine rodent Gettinger,Abrothrix D. and longipilis M. Lareschi. (Waterhouse) 2009. A new (Cricetidae: species of laelapine Sigmodontinae) mite (Acari: in (Mauri 1965; Lareschi and Mauri 1998; Lareschi et al. Comparative Parasitology he present association with the abrotrichine Mamíferos de Chile A. sanborni Mysolaelaps Argentina. 76(2): 162-166. In Iriarte, A.W. 2008. . Santiago:Biodiversidad Lynx Ed. 420p. de artrópodos microspinosus2003). Thus, t has been previously recorded associated Lareschi,argentinos. M. and Una R.perspectiva Mauri. 1998. biotaxonómica. Dermanyssoidea; p. 581-590 with O. longicaudatus must be considered from Tucumán accidental. Province (Mauri J.J. Morrone and S. Coscarón (dir.). La Plata: Sur. Lareschi, M., A. Autino, M. Díaz, andRevista R. Barquez. de la Sociedad 2003. NewEntomológica host and M. microspinosus Argentinalocality records for mites and fleas associated with wild rodents 1965; Lareschi and Mauri 1998). The present record is the from northwestern Argentina. A new species of Androlaelaps (Acari: firstThe mention results of obtained in this study in Chile. increase the number Parasitiformes) 62(3-4): from 60-64. the akodontine rodent Deltamys kempi Thomas, Lareschi, M. and D. Gettinger. 2009. Journal of Parasitololgy of laelapid species ectoparasitic on small mammals known Since some host species 1919 in La Plata River Basin, Argentina. 95(6): 1352-1355. Segundas Jornadas Entomoepidemiológicas de considered in this study are cosmopolitan and the others Mauri,la Argentina R. 1965. Acaros Mesostigmata parásitos de Vertebrados de la inhabitfrom Chile Chile from and two Argentina to five. (Wilson and Reeder 2005), República Argentina. Acanthochela chilensis where some lelapid species have been previously recorded ectoparásito I: de65-73. mamíferos de ubicación sistemática discutida in association with them (Lareschi and Mauri 1998; Mauri, R. AndHistoria A.B. Alzuet. Natural 1985. Ewing, un ácaro Radovsky and Gettinger 1999), a similar laelapid fauna (Acari). 5: 279-280. Parodi,(epidemic A.S., H.R. hemorragic Rugiero, fever) D.J. Greenway, from the N. mites Mettler, of the A. epidemic Martinez, area M. (BoxacanaEchinolaelaps and J.M. echidninus de la Barrera. 1959.Prensa Isolation Médica of the Argentina Junin virus 46: Acknowledgments: We are grateful to Ricardo Figueroa, Juan Carlos was equally expected to be found. , Berlese). Acanthochelinae, new Subfamily (Acari:2242-2244. Parasitiformes: Laelapidae), with redescription of Torres-Mura and Gustavo Valenzuela for capturing the small mammals Radovsky,Acanthochela F.J. and chilensis D. Gettinger. 1999. and providing mite specimens used in this study. Assistance of Karen species from Argentina. International Journal of Acarology Ardiles, Lucila Moreno, Jonathan Lara, Carlos Barrientos and Evelin Ewing and description of a new genus and BrionesLiterature in the Cited collections of mites is deeply appreciated. Manual of Mesostigmatid25(2): Mites 77- 90. diagnosis of a new tribe of sigmodontine rodents (Cricetidae: Strandmann, R.W. and G.W. Wharton. 1958. Mammal species of the world. A. D’Elía, G., U.F.J. Pardiñas, P. Teta and J. Patton. 2007. DefinitionGayana and taxonomicMaryland: Contributionand geographic 4 of reference. The Institute Baltimore: of The Acarology. The Johns 330 Hopkins p. Wilson, D.E. and D.A.M. Reeder. 2005. Sigmodontinae), and a revised classification of the subfamily. 71(2): 187-194. Proceedings of the United States Natural University Press. 2142 p. Ewing,Museum E.W. 1933. New genera and species of parasitic mites of the superfamily Parasitoidea. : November 2009 Brigham 82(30):Young University 1-14. Science Bulletin, Biological Series : May 2010 Furman, D.P. 1972. Laelapid mites (Laelapidae: Laelapinae) of Venezuela. Received : August 2010 of laelapine mite (Acari: Parasitiformes, Laelapidae) from the27: rodent 1-58. Revised : October 2010 Gettinger,Neacomys D. and spinosus S. Gardner.Journal 2005. of Parasitology Bolivian Ectoparasites: A new species Accepted : Ana Lúcia Tourinho Published online . 91(1): 49-52. Editorial responsibility

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