Fifteenth Annual Report

FI FTEENTH ANNUAL , REPORT " 5 725 OF T HE

N E W Y O R K(

‘ T Z O O L O G I O A L S O OLRT Y

CHARTERED I N 1 895

O BJE C T S OF THE SO CIETY

A PUBLIC ZOOLO G ICAL PARK T HE PRE SERVATION O F O UR NA T I VE ANIMALS T HE PROMO TION O F ZOOLO GY

1 9 1 0

N EW YORK O OF T HE S O 1 1 ALL FFICE CIETY , W S TREET

JANUARY, 1 9 1 1 ﬁx

NOV 27 1923

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT

OF T HE

N E W Y O R K

Z O O L O G I C A L S O C I E T Y

CHARTERED I N 1 895

OBJECTS OF THE SO CIE TY

A PUBLIC ZOOLO G ICAL PARK THE PRESERVATION O F OUR NATIVE ANIMALS THE PROMO TION OF ZOOLO GY

1 9 1 0

N E W YORK O OF S O 1 1 FFICE THE CIETY, WALL S TREET

JANUARY, 1 9 1 1 C O PY R G HT 1 9 1 1 BY I , , T HE N E W YO R K Z O OL O G IC AL S O C I E TY

H C S M H C O . . . IT

N E W ’ YO R K CONTENTS

PAGE BOARD OF MANAGERS OFFICERS OF THE S OCIETY OFFICERS OF THE Z OOLOGICAL PARK AN D AQUARIUM MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY REPORT OF THE E XECUTIVE CO M MITTEE ’ TREAS URER S REPORTS G ene r a l Fund Income Account Maintenance Fund e e A r I i i G round Improv m nt Fund ( pp op at on No . 5) Animal Fund ’ Stok e s Bird Fund He ads and Horns Lib r a r y Fund Aquarium Maintenance Fund e e — e 1 Aquari um Improv m nt Fund R evenu Bond No . m e — Aquarium Improve nt Fund Corporate Stock No . Endowm ent Fund S e curiti e s Own ed Endowment Fund Account ’ Audit Company s R eport ’ Auditing Committee s R eport REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR T Hor a a c D W . . n d y , S . . 63 REPORT OF VETERI NARIAN e B r D 1 1 W . R id la i , . V. S . 0 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR : AQUARIUM ha n es T owns end 1 1 1 C l H.

O : REPORT OF THE AS S T . DIRECT R AQUARIUM m s P D 1 1 m . R a y ond C . O b n , h . 7 LIS T OF G IFTS Zoological Park H e ads and Horns Aquari um DOCUMENTS Articl e s of Incorporation By - Laws INDEX

ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE ATLANTIC WALRUS Fr ontispi ec e

ADMINIS TRATIO N BUILDIN G

BAIRD COURT AN D ROCKEFELLER FOUN TAIN

CO NCOURS E

WALK : EAS T SIDE OF CO NCOURS E

HERD OF MUS K - O X

SILVER KIN G

TRANS FERRING SILVER KING T o PERMANENT Q UARTERS

SPECTACLED BEAR

CAPTURING ATLANTIC WALRUS

WALRUS I N Z OOLOGICAL PARK

LAKE A GAS S I z

HIPPOPOTAMUS

GREAT GRAY KANGAROO

CHIMPANZEE 1 00

S EA ELEPHANTS 1 1 0

O O : O N PR P S ED N . Y . AQUARIUM GR U D FLOOR PLAN 1 1 2

O OO PROPOS ED N . Y . AQUARIUM : SEC ND FL R PLAN 1 1 3

— O O 1 4 PROPOS ED N . Y . AQUARIUM FR NT ELEVATI N 1

FUR-SEAL PUPS 1 1 6

FUR-SEAL : YOUNG MALE 1 24

Ena t h nf ﬂHa na QPr ﬁ

H N O . . G A O N ew . WILLIAM J YN R , Mayor of York E X -O fﬁC l O Z H N ’ O . S E . O e e e CHARLE ST VER , Pr sid nt D p t of Parks .

C LAS S O F 1 9 1 2

. O O O LEVI P M RT N , SAMUEL TH RNE ,

G O ANDREW CARNE IE , HENRY A . C . TAYL R ,

O . G . S O J HN L CADWALADER , HU H J CHI H LM ,

OH . S K S J N S BARNE , FRANK . STURGI ,

S O G O . O MADI N RANT , GE RGE J G ULD,

S WILLIAM WHITE NILE , O GDEN MILLS .

C LAS S O F 1 9 1 3

H O S S . F . AUGU TU SC ERMERH RN , C LEDYARD BLAIR ,

O PERCY R . PYNE , FREDERICK G ILBERT B URNE , H O G . . S S O G E R E B GRINNELL, W AU TIN WAD W RT ,

R I L LI N O . H S O M M JAC B H SC IFF , E ME N o , K O . O . S . GE RGE C CLARK , ANTH NY R U ER

ODG CLEVELAND H . D E ,

C LAS S O F 1 9 1 4

S O S . HENRY FAIRFIELD O B RN , JAME J HILL ,

G O G . WILLIAM C . CHURCH , E R E F BAKER ,

L I PE N ARD . S STEWART G RANT B SCHLEY,

S W M . S O O H . CA IMIR DE RHAM , PIER N HAMILT N ,

H OS S O . S HUGH D . AUC INCL , R BERT S BREW TER,

H DW D . S S . CHARLES F . DIETERIC , E AR S HARKNE

O F F I C E R S

OF THE New ﬁnr k Znnlngir a l S mit h;

Pr esi den t :

HENRY FAIRFIELD O S BORN .

Fi r s t Vi ce-Pr esid en t : S ec ond Vi ce-Pr es id en t :

A O S MUEL TH RNE . JOHN L . CADWALADER .

S ecr eta r y : T r ea su r er : S O MADI N GRANT , PERCY R . PYNE ,

1 1 ee 3 e . Wall Street . 0 Pin Str t

Exa mi ne C ommute"

S O G ha ir ma n MADI N RANT, C .

OH . N S S J N S BAR E , WILLIAM WHITE NILE , O O PERCY R . PYNE , WM . PIERS N HAMILT N , O K S SAMUEL TH RNE , FRANK . STURGI ,

. O O LEVI P M RT N , HENRY FAIRFIELD O S BORN

Auhiiing a mmittn

r ma OS S ha i n . HUGH D . AUCHINCL , C

WILLIAM WHITE NILES . C . LEDYARD BLAIR .

D ir ec tor of th e Z oolog i ca l Pa r k : O WILLIAM T . H RNADAY,

l 8 3 d Street and South ern Boul evard .

D ir ec tor of th e A qu a r iu m :

O S . CHARLES H . T WN END

r or o e A u a r iu m : A s s t. D i ec t f th q S RAYM OND C . O BURN ,

Battery Park .

A r chi tec ts :

LA FARGE M ORRIS . ($111e of the Znnlngir a l iﬁa r k

. O WILLIAM T H RNADAY, SC . D . ,

D i r ec tor a nd G en er a l u r a tor C .

. . h . i e er r s er H R MITCHELL C f C l k a nd D i s bu ing Ofﬁc .

O . S r r e i es . RAYM ND L DITMAR . C u a to of R p t l

. E r i r s C WILLIAM B EBE C u a tor of B d .

L EE . D A r i s S CRAN ALL c ting C u a tor of B r d . D . V . e r i a r i W . REID BLAIR , S V te n a n .

hi e F r r H . W . MERKEL . C f o es ter a nd C ons tr u c to .

. O . E di tor a nd Ph to r er ELWIN R SANB RN o g a p h .

E RB W R e r G EORGE M . B E O E Ci v il E ng in e .

. a shi er W I . MITCHELL C .

(Pﬁi r pr a nf the Aqua r i um

H r e r OW S D i c to . C ARLES H . T N END,

A r r is ta n t D i ecto . O . . ss RAYM ND C O S BURN , PH D

S ci en ti c A ss i s ta n t . CHAPMAN GRANT,B . A ﬁ

r e i n s DE S in C ha e o C oll c t o . WAS HINGTO N I . NY E g f

Aqua r ium a mmittt e

H S . O S ha i r ma . C ARLE H T WN END, C n

S . S O e N ew . CHARLE L BRI T L, Univ rsity of York

S O e . BA HF RD DEAN , Columbia Univ rsity

G . n e e e . ALFRED MAYER , Tortugas Laboratory of Car gi Institut

O S . O G e . TH MA H M R AN , Columbia Univ rsity

. S O e . EDMUND B WIL N , Columbia Univ rsity

WILLIAM E . DAM ON .

ROS WELL MORS E SHURTLEFF . O CLEVELAND H . D DGE . M E M B E R S

O F T H E

New nr k Znnln ir a l S nr ir ﬁ g tg .

1 st 1 9 1 1 January , .

onor a r Mr H y mhr r ﬁ .

* ROF . J . . LLEN , S I R WILLIAM FLO ER P A A W , * * ’ F . A . L H E PRO LEXANDER AGASSIZ, DR F . O S T , S I R THE UKE OF EDFORD, DMUND . ODER D B E G L ,

E . W . . HERR F . BLAAU , DR C HART MERRIAM, * R W W . ARTHU ER IN BRO N , HON LIONEL WALTER ROTHSCH I LD,

P . I M . . S DR FRANK CHA MAN , DR PHIL P LUTLEY CLATER,

. U S PROF DANIEL GIRAUD ELLIOT, FREDERICK CO RTENEY ELOUS .

Br ur fa r tnr z .

E \VI L L I A M BAKER, GEORGE , ROCKEFELLER , , S H . H . DODGE , CLEVELAND , CHIFF, JACOB , R S C O I . . KUSER , ANTHONY , THORN , AMUEL P MORGAN , J . PIER ONT,

ﬂn uhr r a i n r r i E u ﬁ pr uitg .

* T . R . BARNEY , CHARLES , PYNE , PERCY , B R BOURNE , FREDERICK GIL ERT, OCKEFELLER, JOHN D . ,

W L . B CAD ALADER , JOHN , R O INSON , NELSON,

CARNEGIE , ANDREW, TAYLOR , HENRY A . C . ,

. P J . OULD , EORGE , THOM SON , RS FREDERICK FERRIS G G M , O * MILLS , GDEN , THORNE , MISS PHOEBE ANNA , * ' . W MORTON , HON LEVI P WHITNEY , HON . ILLIAM C . ,

Zﬂn uuhpr a .

D . W . ARCHBOLD, JOHN PERKINS , GEORGE , A S R J . VERY , AMUEL P AINEY, PAUL ,

S . S BARNES , JOHN , CHERMERHORN , F . AUGUSTUS ,

W J . S B BER IND, EDWARD , CHLEY, GRANT . ,

W B S . S D . BRE STER , RO ERT , LOANE , WILLIAM , H E S L I S PE N A R D DIETERIC , CHARLES , TEWART, , * W E . S DODGE , ILLIAM , TOKES, MISS CAROLINE PHELPS, * G OE LE T B S K . , RO ERT, TURGIS, FRANK ,

B . GOULD, MISS HELEN MILLER, TREVOR , MRS . JOHN ,

S . HARKNESS, EDWARD , TREVOR , MISS EMILY , * * P . . V A N DE R BI I . T HUNTINGTON , C , , CORNELIUS , B K MCMILLIN , EMERSON , VANDER ILT , WILLIAM * O T T E N DO R FE R O W , S ALD , WOOD, MRS . ANTOINETTE ENO,

H . C O L . O PAYNE , LIVER ,

* D ec e as e d . 1 4 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

Ammr ia tr Zﬂnunhr r z .

* S D . E S UP K . BABCOCK , AMUEL , J , MORRIS ,

. O F BLAIR, C LEDYARD, SBORN , HENRY FAIR IELD . * C . S CARTER, JAMES , R HINELANDER, MISS ERENA , * C H I S I I OL M S C H UYI .ER , HUGH J , PHILLIP, S CLARK, GEORGE CRAWFORD, CHUYLER, MRS . PHILLIP, * S . K . CROCKER, GEORGE , TURGIS, MRS FRANK , Y E . DE R AM , H CASIMIR, TIFFANY COMPAN , * H . N B E . HARRIMAN , , VA DER ILT , CORNELIUS

ﬁa tr nnz .

* * . E W BO L D ARNOLD , HICKS, MORRIS, A N , * . H D AUCHINCLOSS, MRS UGH . . MORRIS, MRS A NEWBOLD,

W . ARNE , JAMES , R N E W BO L D B Y MOR IS, ,

LISS, ORNELIUS N O U B C SBORN , WILLIAM CH RCH, * T . , O . M BLISS, GEORGE SBORN , MRS WILLIA H

. , CLARK, MRS GEORGE CRAWFORD POOR, HENRY W . , * * B A . , , Y . CONSTA LE FREDERICK P NE , MRS PERCY R * H N . COOK , HE RY , RYAN , THOMAS F. , *S HRE , EORGE , N C . E T G CHERMERHOR , WILLIAM , * P . FLO ER , OS ELL , S N W R W ELIGMA , ISAAC NEWTON ,

B . S FF H FORD, JAMES , EN , CHARLES . ,

. S N FORD, J HOWARD, IMPSO , MISS JEAN WALKER , * J R . S GOULD, , EDWIN , TICKNEY, JOSEPH,

W . ARKNESS, HARLES , S . O S E P I I H C TICKNEY, MRS J ,

R L . . R . B . HARRISON , J , GEORGE , TAYLOR, J , JAMES , * H A VE M E YE R O . , HENRY , THORNE , EDWIN,

H A VE M E Y E R F . E , WILLIAM , THORN , FRANCIS B . ,

. HAWKES , MRS MCDOUGALL, THORNE , HENRY S . ,

R S . A RAM , THORNE , JOEL W . , K HILL, JAMES J THORNE , LANDON . , * . E . OFFMAN , VER EV R . S H Y R A THORNE , J , AMUEL ,

OR N A DA Y . T . , DR WILLIAM , N S . H THOR E, BRINCKERHOFF,

J . R . HOUSE , EDWARD , THORNE , VICTO C , * * ISELIN , ADRIAN , THORNE , WILLIAM , * D JAMES, . WILLIS, TJADER, MRS . MARGARET T *

M C K . JAMES, NORMAN , TWOMBLY, H . ,

B . JAMES, DR . WALTER , VON POST, HERMAN C * B . JENNINGS , MISS A . , WEBB, WILLIAM H * S KENNEDY, JOHN TEWART, WHITNEY , HARRY, * * ' . E W LEWIS . MRS GEORG , OLFF , A

. F G . MAYER , DR AL RED ,

S us ta i ning Mr mhr r a .

D T . ARCHBOLD, JOHN BLODGETT , WILLIAM ,

D . . S . AUCHINCLOSS, HUGH , BOWDOIN , G ,

S E P . AVERY , AMU L , BOWDOIN , TEMPLE , E BAKER , GEORGE , BURR, WINTHROP,

W L . BARBOUR , WILLIAM , CAD ALADER , JOHN ,

. A . BARHYDT , MRS P . HACKLEY CANFIELD , RICHARD ,

F . BARNES , MISS CORA , CARNEGIE , ANDREW ,

J R . . S F J . BARNES, , J AN ORD, CHISHOLM , HUGH ,

S . C . BARNES , JOHN , CLARK, GEORGE , M I L H A U BLAIR, C . LEDYARD, DE , LOUIS J

* De ce as e d .

1 6 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

* E . , H CHURCH , DWIGHT GOULD, GEORGE .,

M RS . E E . HURCH , NELLI , C GRANT, MADISON ,

HURCH , WILLARD, S . R . C GUGGENHEIM, ,

HURCH, WILLIAM ONAN , G . C C T GUNTHER, BERNARD ,

. CLARK, F AMBROSE , GUNTHER , FRANKLIN L . , BA N Y E R IVI L L I A M D . CLARKSON , , GUTHRIE , ,

C O E R . , , WILLIAM HAGENBECK , CARL,

C O FPI N , CHARLES A HAMILTON , WM . PIERSON ,

, , . COLGATE WILLIAM HARDING, J HORACE ,

M RS . S COLLIER, ROBERT J HARKNESS, . V

C O L L ORD W . , GEORGE , HARRAH , CHARLES J * C O L L O R D . W . N . , MRS GEORGE , HARRIS, ALA C , * L . ON NGHAM, WILLIAM , C Y HART, FRANK ,

. T . COOK, C , HAUPT, DR . LOUIS, * J . CORNING, JOHN , HAVEN , GEORGE G * , A COXE , DAVIES HEARN , GEORGE . , *‘ . M C C . , R COXE , MRS ALICE HENDERSON , CHARLES . ,

CRANE, ZENAS, HIGGINSON , JAMES J D CRIMMINS, JOHN HILL, HUGH , * . C . B CUYLER, C , HOPKINS, GEORGE . , * E . W H DAVIS, HUBBARD, THOMAS .,

W . DAVIS, JOHN . A HUNTINGTON, ARCHER M DE C O PPE T H , EDWARD J HYDE , JAMES . ,

DELAFIELD , ALBERT , JACKSON, THEODORE F *

O E . DE R HAM , CHARLES , JENNINGS, LIV R G , N N DICKERMAN , WATSO B KANE , JOHN I NES,

D . DICKEY, CHARLES , KING, GEORGE GORDON, * DISSTON , JR HENRY, KINGSLAND, WILLIAM M . ,

R . L . E DITMARS , , KISSEL, GUSTAV E KUN H A R DT DODGE , GEORGE EGL STON , , W . B . , H ODGE , ARCE LUS AR LE , L . D M T Y LA FARGE , C GRANT ,

OELGER , HARLES R , \VO OD B Y D C LANGDON , UR G . ,

DOELGER , PETER , LANIER , CHARLES ,

T R . OELGER , E ER , J , D P LEE , CHARLES NORTHAM ,

RA ER , RS . ENR , P . M D M H Y LEEDS , MRS WARNER O RESS ER , SCAR , S M . L . D LEHMAN , ,

U OIS , ISS HEL, N S BE RY D B M ET LOU , R ICHARD P

U OIS, ISS KA HERINE , L ow . D B M T , C ADOLPHE ,

A . U OIS , WILLIAM , S D B LOW , ETH , R A D C L Y FFE UGMORE , . , D A LYDIG, DAVID, B E L S W O RT I I UNSCOM E , EORGE , . M D G LYDIG, CAPT PHILIP W D YER , THOMAS, M H CALPIN, C ARLES WILLISTON

, S U LLIO AM EL, M E . S E TT CCOM , J COTT,

, W . LLIS I ON I . C . E D X MCKEEVER , , B K * L , M ROSE E E Y A MCKIM , CHARLES ,

F . NO , MOS , E A MCLANE , GUY RICHARDS ,

FA I R C H I I B . S , ON HARLES H C MACKAY, CLARENCE H

R . FEARING , GEORGE , MACKAY , DONALD ,

. E VE RI T FERGUSON , MRS FARQUHAR , MACY, V . .

C . FERGUSON , MISS MAY, MADEIRA, PERCY , * C O RT L A N DT FIELD , DE PEYSTER , MAITLAND , ALEXANDER

. J . FISHER , MRS HENRY , MALLORY , CHARLES H M E DL I C O T T P M FLEITMANN , WILLIAM , MARC , THEO HILUS

B . FLINT , CHARLES MARKO , DR FRANCIS H

S . FRENCH . BARTON , MARSHALL , LOUIS , V V. GERRY ELBRIDGE T MERKEL , HERMANN .

W . N . GOOD IN , JAMES J MILLER , DR GEORGE ,

* D ec e as e d . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 7

* . R . S MITCHELL, H , CHIEFFELIN , EUGENE , S S MITCHELL, MASON, CHIEFFELIN , CHUYLER, F G . S L MITCHELL, ROLAND , CHIF , MORTIMER . , B S N MONELL, AM ROSE , ETON, ERNEST THOMPSO ,

. S L MOORE, MRS JAMES AMORY, HE DON, CHARLES,

P . S I MOORE , FREDERIC , HERMAN , GEORGE , I E . MORAN , DANIEL , S HERMAN , WILL AM WATTS,

J R . . P . S L O . MORGAN , , J , HIE DS, GEORGE , B P . S . J R . . . MORGAN, , MRS J , LOAN , BENSON , * * S S E MORRIS, JAMES, LOAN , AMU L,

S JR . S NESBITT, A . G ., LOAN, , AMUEL, * B S NEW OLD, THOMAS, LOAN, JOHN ,

E W L A N D . M . S N , V , PEYER, JAMES, I S NICHOLS , MRS . W LLIAM GILM AN , TETSON , FRANCIS LYNDE,

S T . L . NILES, J . BARRON, JOHN , FRANK ,

I L E s S O E . N , WILLIAM WHITE , TOKES, MISS LIVIA PHELPS,

W . S NORTON, JOHN , TURGES, FREDERICK,

S . O . . R SBORN, MRS WM CHU CH TARLTON , LESLIE ,

PARISH , HENRY, THALMAN , ERNST,

E S . PARRISH , JAMES C THOMPSON, L WIS ,

PEABODY, CHARLES A THOMPSON , WILLIAM P I F PERKINS , WILL AM H TIL ORD, FRANK,

. R . R . PHELPS, MRS VON , TODD, WILLIAM ,

M . PHILLIPS, JOHN , TOWNSEND, CHARLES H

PHIPPS, HENRY, TREVOR, HENRY G

PHOENIX, LLOYD, TREVOR, JOHN B R PHOENIX, PHILLIPS, T ITTON , CLAUDE H N PIERREPONT, JOH JAY, TUCK, EDWARD, * W . PINCHOT, J . , UHLMANN , FREDERICK , * . W POTTER, MRS HENRY C WADSWORTH , MAJOR . AUSTIN ,

W . A . POTTER, WILSON , WADSWORTH , MRS . ,

B . T PRATT, DALLAS , WAINWRIGHT, RICHARD . ,

. PH I M I S T ER PROCTOR, A , WALKER, DR . HENRY FREEMAN ,

PULI ZER, ALPH , M . T R WARBURG, FELIX , * M . NE , TA LOR, VVA RR E N S D . PY Y , AMUEL , * * W . W A . QUINTARD , GEORGE ATSON , FRANCIS , R S . AYMOND, CHARLES H WATSON , JAMES ,

R . W S . S RIKER, J , AMUEL, WEBB, DR . EWARD ,

BE . N VVE L C H ER . Y RO , J HAMPDE , , MRS FANN AVERY,

ROBBINS, MILTON , WETMORE , GEORGE PEABODY, R UR W H E A L T O N OBINSON , ARTH , , LOUIS N W ROGERS, ARCHIBALD, HITEHEAD , PAUL, R UN GI US P , CARL, WHITNEY, CAS AR , R USS, EDWARD, WHITNEY, MISS DOROTHY ,

RUTHERFURD, WINTHROP , WHITNEY, HARRY,

S . S ALTUS, J ANFORD, WHITNEY, HARRY PAYNE , S W AMPSON , HENRY, HITNEY, PAYNE , S ANFORD , HENRY, WILLETS, HOWARD, * D S R WING, JOHN . , ANDS, WILLIAM * S . , CHERMERHORN , J EGMONT, WOOD , MISS ELEANOR DENNISTON

Zﬂr llnmz of 1119 Nu n ignr k Zunl ugir a l ﬁ nr ir tgi

B . \V. R BARBOUR , THOMAS , LAIR , DR EID ,

. L BEEBE , C . WILLIAM, BRISTOL, PROF CHARLES

* Deceased . "T he class of F e llows of the N e w York Zoological S ocie ty was organize d 1 909 e me m e the S e a r e e ﬁ e arly in , and includ s b rs of oci ty who working and sci nti c zoologists . 1 8 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

. . FRE BROOKS, DR HARLOW, MAYER, DR AL D GOLDSBOROUGH,

. C . W . BUMPUS, DR HERMON , MERKEL, HERMANN ,

D . E S F T AVENPORT, DR CHARL B MORGAN , PRO . HO MAS H ., F . D O F . R E L DEAN, DR BASH OR , SBORN , PRO HENRY FAI FI D, N D L S R DITMARS, RAYMO ETON , E NEST THOMPSON , U E R L S R D TCH , WI LIAM, HELDON, CHA LES, R N T DI O H . R E . G A , MA S N , TOWNSEND, DR CHA L S ,

G R L . E R E . F . U B . INNE L , DR G O G B WILSON , PRO EDM ND , H OR I I NADAY, DR . W LL AM T

l Annua l ﬁa i hPr E .

. RI E M H . ABBOTT, MRS MA ARMSTRONG, JOHN , R E ABEEL, GEO G , ASTOR, JOHN JACOB, H S ABEEL, JOHN ., AUCHINCLOSS, MRS . EDGAR E A ABERCROMBI , DAVID T AUCHINCLOSS, EDG R S A C H E L I S H , FRITZ, AUCHINCLOSS, UGH,

A C H E L I S N W . , JOHN , AUCHINCLOSS, JOH , A Y C R I GG ADAMS, FRANK LANSON, , B . ARTHUR ,

. E S . ADAMS, FREDERICK B BACH , JULES , * W . ADAMS, FREDERICK T BACON , GEORGE , S E ADAMS, MISS MAUDE , BAKER, T PHEN , H S . ADAMS, AMUEL, BALDWIN , FREDERICK ,

M . R . G . ADAMS, THATCHER , BALDWIN , J , JARED ,

. L . AGENS, FREDERICK GIRARD, BANGS, DR BOLTON , H G . . AGNEW, ANDREW , BANKS, THEODORE ,

. R G . AGNEW, MRS CORNELIUS ., BARBEY, HENRY ,

W R . . S AITKEN , JOHN BARCLAY, J , J EARLE , Y ALDEN, R . PERC , BARCLAY, MRS . REGINALD,

. T . ALDRICH, MRS JAMES HERMAN , BARLOW, PETER , S ALEXANDER, MRS . CHARLE B BARNARD, J . AUGUSTUS,

C H AR L OT T E A . ALEXANDER , DOUGLAS, BARNES, MISS ,

A D . W . ALEX NDER, FRANK , BARNES, EDWARD ,

. S N R . . F ALEXANDER, MRS HELE B BARNES, J , J AN ORD,

X . Y . . S ALE ANDER, MRS HENR A BARNES, MRS JOHN

. E A . L . ALEXANDER, DR WELCOM T B RNEY, A ,

R H . ALEXANDE , MRS . WILLIAM, BARNEY, ASHBEL , Y . S ALEXANDRE , J HENR , BARNEY, MRS . J . TEWART, A R ALL ND, MAU ICE , BARNEY, N . C . , M ALLEN , ETHAN, BARNUM, WILLIAM A L L IE N D , FREDERICK, BARRON , GEORGE

C . W ALTSCHUL, , BARRO , MISS, L E AMEND, R OBERT F BARTON , WI LIS . Y L Y T E AMOR , COP E , BAT ERSON, JAM S G A M S , CHARLES M . , BAUMANN , GUSTAV,

N A H . O AMUNDSON , JOH . , BAUR,

U E R . S . ANDERSON, P . CHA NC Y, BAXTER, J , GEORGE ,

A N DRE I N I M . P . , J . , BAYARD, LOUIS ,

L . E L . B AY L I ES ANDROUS, GEORG , EDMUND ,

LE N R BAY L I E S . E E APP TO , F ANCIS R , MRS NATHALI

APPLETON , JAMES W . , BAYLIS, WILLIAM ,

H . ARCHBOLD, MRS . J . F BEACH, RALPH ,

E ER R . AREND, F . J B ACH, WALT , UR E BEA DL E S T O N F E ARMO , GEORG A ., , AL R D N

MRS . N R ARMOUR, HERMA O BEAL, WILLIAM * A E R E N ARMSTRONG, CH RL S , BECK R, CHRISTIA , L E R ARMSTRONG , DR . WI LIAM, BECK R , CON AD ,

a e De ce s d . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 9

L BECKER, PHI IP, BOWDOIN, TEMPLE , R P BEHR, ROBE T, BOWDOIN, MRS . TEM LE ,

R E . BELL, PA K , BOWEN , CLARENCE WINTHROP,

D AR M . BEMENT, E W D, BOWERS, JOHN BE N K A RD A R H N D , H R Y ., BOWNE , FRA CIS

A H . BE N K RD . , MRS HARRY , BRACKETT, GEORGE C . ,

BE N A N S . A . J MIN , EUGE E , BRADLEY, ALLAN B . , ON“ I RY BENS ; M SS MA , BRADY, MRS . J . R . : BENSON , R LAWRENCE , BRADY, NICHOLAS F B T H BENSON, RO ER , BRAINERD, IRA . ,

T H Y R Z A O J . BENSON, MISS , BRAND, SCAR ,

T T W H . BENNE , . , BRANDRETH , COURTENAY, M BERGSTRESSER, CHARLES BRANSOM , PAUL,

BE RO L Z H E I M ER E . , , BRAUN , FREDERICK, R L M BERNHEIME , CHARLES . BREIDENBACH, CHARLES

S E F . BERNHEIMER, IMON BRENNER, AUGUST , S . O . BERRY, AMUEL, BREWSTER, MRS CHARLES ,

BE RT R O N S . . , R BREWSTER, MRS BENJAMIN , M A x E O S . BEYER, J BREWST R, GE RGE ,

R F . S I T BICKMORE, P O ALBERT BR DGES, ROBER ,

. S F BIER, MRS YLVAN, BRINCKERHOF , ELBERT A

I . K . G . N I . D B LLINGS, C , BRISTOL, JOH B BILLINGS, FREDERICK, BRISTOW, WILLIAM . ,

I W . H . F B RCHALL, , BROCKE , RUDOL , R BI CKHEAD, HUGH , BRODMERKEL, CHARLES,

BIRD, EDWARD DIMON, BRONSON , DR . EDWARD BENNET, W BIRD, GEORGE , BRONSON , MAYHEW B BISHOP , MISS MARY CUNNINGHAM , BRONSON , EDGAR . , O H BISHOP, GDEN , BROUGHTON , MRS . N . . ,

L . V . B AGDEN , MRS GEORGE , BROWER, GEORGE ,

BLAGDEN, GEORGE , BROWN , HORACE ,

. G . BLAGDEN , MRS JULIA , BROWN , HON . ADDISON , I BLA R, MRS . LEDYARD, BROWN , CHARLES F

D . C . BLAIR, , BROWN, DICKSON Q . ,

R . H BLAI , J INSLEY, BROWN , EDWIN . ,

BLAKE, DR . JOSEPH A BROWN , FRANKLIN Q . , L B AKESLEE , T . J BROWN , JOHN BARKER,

C . BLISS, ERNEST , BROWN , VERNON CARLETON , BL O DG E 'IT I T I L DO N VVA L DR O N , W LLIAM , BROWN, P

F. W BLOODGOOD, ROBERT , BRO NING , WILLIAM H

B . BLOOMINGDALE JOSEPH , BROWNING , J . A O BLOSS, JAMES BRUCKER , CARL,

. W . D BOETTGER , H , BRYANT , DR . JOSEPH .,

C . BOGERT, EDWARD , BRYCE , MRS . WILLIAM , * BOGERT, EDWARD LANGDON, BUCHANAN , WILLIAM ,

. L A . BOISSEVAIN , G BUCKNER , THOMAS ,

W . N A . BOLTON , JOHN , BUDD , HE RY ,

R . BOLTON , J , THOMAS, BUECHNER , C . FRED , F R M . BOND, AL ED H BULKLEY, EDWIN ,

. . N M BONNER, G T BULKLEY, MRS EDWI

. R . UL K L E Y L . BONNER, MRS PAUL , B , DUNCAN ,

E G . N BORGST DE , JOHN , BULL , CHARLES LIVINGSTO ,

. L BORLAND, J NELSON , BULL, ROBERT MAC AY, VI L L I A M \ G . L . BORLAND, , BULL , WILLIAM , * E . BORNE , JOHN , BUMPUS, DR . HERMON C A K — W BOSTWICK , ALBERT C B UR c z C BALK , H . . ,

S . J R . A . BOTELER, ELIJAH , B URDEN , , JAMES ,

“ a De ce se d . 20 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

U J R . . . . O A . B RDEN , , MRS JAMES , CHISOLM, MRS B GDEN ,

H . BURGESS, EDWARD G CHOATE, JOSEPH , W BURLEIGH, GEORGE ., CHUBB, PERCY, R L BURLEIGH, MRS . GEORGE W CHU CH, CHAR ES T

E . D . U J R . BURNHAM, MRS . DOUGLAS W ., CH RCH, , , U E B RR, WINTHROP , CHURCH , FREDERIC .,

S . . S . BUSH, JOHN , CHURCH , F ,

T C H UR C H T H E D RE . BUSK, FRED . , , O O W ,

H . BUTLER, MRS . P . , CLAFLIN , JOHN,

R R . C . BUTLER, MISS VI GINIA CLARK, J , LOUIS ,

W D . BUTLER, ARTHUR CLARK, CRAWFORD, R BUTTNER, GUSTAV, CLA K, J . FRANCIS ALOYSIUS,

J R . . . C . . BUTTS, , DR A , CLARK, J MITCHELL,

H . L . CABOT, F . , CLARK, C ., I CAESAR, HENRY A CLARK, MISS MAR AN AVERELL,

P W . A . CAHEN , JULIUS . , CLARK, ,

H . E . CALEF, AMOS , CLARK, WALT R G

R . R I CALLENDER, MISS MARY , CLA K, WILL AM N

N E . . S . CALMA , ALBERT, CLARKE, A , N N Y L S I CALMA , HE R ., CLARKE , THOMAS H ELDS,

R C . CAMMANN, EDWA D C . , CLAUSEN, GEORGE ,

N L OR I L L A D . CAMMA N , HENRY RD, CLEVELAND, CHARLES , N N H L CAMMAN , HERMAN . , CLYDE , WI LIAM P W E . S . CANFI LD, GEORGE FOLGER, COCHRANE , A . F * W A . CAN IELD, RICHARD , COCHRANE , JOHN

J R W . C O O K E R O FT E . V . CANNON , . , H . , , MISS , H O N N . W . CANNON , JAMES G . , COCKRA , BOURKE,

H . O CANROBERT, A . . , CODMAN , MRS GDEN , I CAREY, FREDERICK F COFFIN , W LLIAM EDWARD, H C OL DR O N U CAREY, ENRY T ., , PA L TOWNSEND,

S U E . CARHART, A . IBLEY, COLB RN , ALBERT ,

C AR PE N DE R Y A A . , WILLIAM, COLB , HOW RD ,

T E F. CARPEN R, PHILIP, COLE , EDWARD ,

R N . UF CA RERE, JOH M COLE, MRS R US,

D . CARROLL, ROYAL PHELPS, COLT, HARRIS ,

P . C . CASE, HENRY , COLT, RICHARD ,

CASS, CHARLES ANDERSON , COLLIER, PRICE ,

CASSARD, WILLIAM J COLLIER, MRS . R . J

H . CASWELL, JOHN , COLLINS, CLARENCE LYMAN,

E N N I E R . . S CATHCART, MISS J , COLLINS, DR TACY BUDD, L T U CERERO, R . . , COLLINS, MISS GER R DE,

. G . CHABOT, THEODORE J COMSTOCK , MRS H . ,

R . CHAMBERS, FRANK , CONDON, THOMAS GERALD, N E CHAMPOLLIO , ANDRE , CONT NT, HARRY, * Y . F . CHAPIN , MRS AL RED , CONWA , MRS MAUD ALLIS, * CHAPIN, MISS MARIA BOWEN, COOGAN, JOHN J

O . O CHAPMAN , HENRY TIS, COOMBE, T G RTON ,

CHAPMAN , JOHN JAY, COOPER, THEODORE , Y R CHAUNCE , ELIHU, CO BIN , AUSTIN ,

. C OR L IE S CHEESMAN , MRS , , HOWARD,

L . . R . CHENEY, GEORGE , CORNING , C ,

C H E S E BR O UGH A C O RW I N E R . , ROBERT . , , WILLIAM ,

N N H . CHICHESTER, CHARLES DARWI , COSTAI , EUGENE , E CHILDS, EV RSLEY, COSTER, EDWARD LIVINGSTON ,

. P . CHILDS, MRS LEWIS , COWDIN, WINTHROP,

D Avm S . CHILDS, WILLIAM H . , COWLES, ,

O F. CHISOLM, B . GDEN , Cox , CHARLES ,

“ Dece as ed . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 2 1

C ox . , JENNINGS S , DE RHAM, CHARLES,

CRAM, MRS . KATHRINE G . DE R HAM, MRS . H . CASIMIR, D T D CRAVATH , MRS . PAUL DESPARD, WAL ER . , \VI L L I A M B CRAWFORD, , DEVEREUX, WALTER .,

C R A Y E N . , DR GUSTAV A DE VINNE , THEODORE LOW, W I 'I'T A CROMWELL, FREDERIC DE , WILLI M G S W CROMWELL, JAMES W DEXTER, TANLEY . ,

CROMWELL, LINCOLN , DEY, ANTHONY,

W . E . CROSS, REDMOND, DEYO, ROBERT ,

D . CROSS, GEORGE . , DICK, J HENRY,

. R E . CROSS, MRS C . VANDE BILT, DICKERSON , N H CROSSLEY, G . REGINALD, DIEHL, GEORGE . ,

K . P. CRUIC SHANK, JAMES, DIENST, A ,

W . O A D . CUNNINGHAM, DEL DIKE, SC R , E CURIEL , H DIMOCK, GEORGE

Y R R . CUSHING, HARR A DITTMA , J , JOHN ,

E L P . CUTT R, RALPH . , DIXON, THEODORE , T T CU ING, R . FULTON , DODD, MISS GERTRUDE,

W . R D . S CUTTING, BAYA D, DODGE , TUART,

. W . W . CUTTING, MRS BAYARD, DODGE , MISS ELIZABETH ,

CUYLER, MRS . C . C . , DODGE, MISS GRACE H

D O M M E R I C H L . F CUYLER, MISS ELEANOR DEG , . ,

F E . S . DAILEY, GRANVILLE . , DOR MUS, F ,

DALY, MRS . MARCUS, DOUBLEDAY, F . N E DAMON, WILLIAM DOUGLAS, WILLIAM HARRIS,

DANA, PAUL, DOUGLAS, JAMES,

I B . DANA , W LLIAM , DOUGLASS, ALFRED, D A N N H E I M E R L . , WILLIAM , DOWNEY, JOHN L ,

D A . R . . DAR S, CHARLES , DOWS, J , MRS DAVID,

. R DAVENPORT, DR CHARLES ; Dows, TRACY, D R A K E N FE L D DAVENPORT, MRS . IRA, , B . FERDINAND,

K . DAVIDGE , WILLIAM H DRAPER, DR . WILLIAM ,

I M . DAV ES, FREDERICK DRAYTON , J COLEMAN , I D RA z DAV ES, J . CLARENCE , , FRANCIS,

I UL IE N I . DAV ES, J TAPPAN , DRUMMOND, WYMAN , E DAVI S, MRS . WILLIAM GILBERT, DUANE , RICHARD BACHE ,

E . T T B . DAVIS, DANI L A DUBOIS , DR MA HEW ,

R . R B DAVIS, GHERA DI, DUEL, DR ARTHU . , U DAVIS, HOWLAND, D ER, MRS . JOHN BEVERLEY

P . R . DAVIS, JOSEPH , DULLES, J , WILLIAM ,

I . . G . DAV S, MORGAN, DUN , MRS R , S E N S DAVISON, CHARLES T WART, DU CAN , TUART, W DAVISON , GEORGE HOWARD, DUNCAN , . BUTLER, Y M DA , ARTHUR . , DUNDAS, RALPH WURTS,

DAY, MRS . HENRY MILLS, DUNHAM , DR . CARROLL N F . K DEA , DR BASH ORD, DUNHAM , EDWARD

. H DE COPPET, HENRY, DUNHAM , MRS G . . ,

E A S . DEEV S, RICH RD, DUNN , GANO ,

W . R E . B DE FOREST, ROBERT , DU Y A, MRS H . . ,

H . DEFOREST, MISS CAROLINE , DURYEA, HARRY , U E E N I DEGENER, J . F D RY A, G . H RAM, D E G O I C O UR I A V , A . DUTCHER, WILLIAM,

F . DE KLYN, B . , DWIGHT, MRS . EDMUND, F P N E DELA IELD, FREDERICK ., DWIGHT, JOH E S L A I R R DELAFI LD , MIS JU I L VINGSTON , EASTON , CHA LES , BB H DELANO , WARREN , E ING, A . . , A E DE LANOY, WILLI M C . , E CKST IN , GEORGE , D E . N . R . DEMAR ST , MRS WARRE G , EDGA , ,

L . R H L . R DEMING, . C , EDGA , ERMAN . , 22 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

L . EDGAR, NEWBOLD FISHER, . G , S M EDGELL, GEORGE FISK, DANIEL

M W . E R Y ED ONDS, JOHN , FLAGL , HARR HARKNESS,

R G . E EGER, THEODO , FL ISCH , S AMUEL, M R . EGERTON, FLINT, J , AUSTIN, E GGE L I N G R . , FLOWER, FREDE ICK S , E I DL I T z E , ROBERT JAM S, FOHR, FRA N Z, E E E IL RS, CARL, FOLLETT, RICHARD

. F D ELBERS, MRS FRITZ, OOT, JAMES E E L A E LDRIDGE, FR DERICK FOR N , GEORG J D T EL RIDGE , WILLIAM . , FORD, MISS LESTA, D ELLIS, WILLIAM . , FORDYCE , JOHN A

E N S . W . LLSWORTH, DUNCA , FOSTER, EDWARD , R ELLSWORTH, LINCOLN , FOSTER, GI AUD,

E M A N UEI . R . . H . F N , J , J , OSTER, J . HEGEMA , T E MME , C. TEMPLE , FOSTER, MACOMB G

F. S E MMET, MISS LYDIA , FOSTER, COTT, E E EMMET, ROBERT TEMPL , FOWLER, THOMAS POW LL, A E NDICOTT, ROBERT, FR LEY, JOH N U

E R K . E NO, JOHN CHEST , FRASER, MISS J . , E RBS L O H , R FRASER, ALEX . J

N N . V ERDMA N, MARTI , FRASER, ALEX ., E Rx M E YE R F , H . ., FRASER, MRS . GEORGE S . ,

T N E I A S . E TLI G R, LOU S, FR SER, MISS GRACE,

E N E . M USTIS, JOH , FRASER, WILLIA C ., * . N E EVANS, MRS CADWALADER, FREEMA , MISS GERTRUD ,

D W . F. EVANS, MRS . . , FREES, JOHN ,

. I EVANS, RICHARD, FRENCH, DR CEC L, R EVARTS, MISS MA Y, FRENCH, DANIEL C . ,

W . N MRS . EVARTS, A . , FRE CH, JOHN, S N EVARTS, S HERMAN , FRIED, AMPSO ,

N R . R D FABBRI, ALESSA D O, FRIES, DR HA OL H

G . . . FABBRI, ERNESTO , FRISSELL , A S ,

FABBRI, MRS . ERNESTO G FULDA, DR . CLEMENS,

IS . D FAHNESTOCK, HARR C , FULLER, CHARLES . ,

FAHNESTOCK , WILLIAM, FULLER, MRS . EUGENE, Y U FAIRBANKS, HENR P FUNKE , EDM ND A

. . S . FUT T E R E R F . FAIRCHILD, MRS C , , CHARLES ,

FALK, GUSTAV, GALLATIN , ALBERT, T T B FALLS, MRS . DEWI CLINTON, GALLATIN , GO LET,

C . T T N W FARGO, JAMES , GARRE , JOH

A . FARLIE , , GAUNT, JAMES, E FARNHAM, PAULDING , GAUTIER, CHARLES

R Y Y G . FAR ELL , T . CHARLES, GAUTIER, DUDLE , N E FARRINGTO , HARVEY, GAY, JOSEPH

B . FAY, FRANCIS , GEISENHEIMER , THEODORE ,

W . . FENNELL , GEORGE GELBACH, DR R WILLIAM,

L . . FERGUSON , HARRY , GEER, MRS WALTER,

H . W FERGUSON , REV . ENRY, GERARD, MRS JAMES H FERNSTROM, ., GERRISH , JOHN BROWN ,

. W . R G . FEUSS, CAPT ANDREW , GERRY, PETE ,

. H . G . FIELD, MRS WILLIAM . , GERSTER, DR ARPAD ,

. O G . FIELD, WILLIAM B SGOOD , GERSTLE , EDWARD ,

A . . O FIELD, MRS WILLIAM B . SGOOD, GIANINI, CHARLES , T FIELDING , GEORGE . , GILBERT, CLINTON,

FI N C K E . . , MRS REGINALD GILLESPIE, ROBERT MCM ,

G I L S E Y R . FISCHER , WILLIAM H , J , HENRY ,

* De ce as ed .

24 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

HOLT, HENRY, JACKSON, R . G

. E . O . S HOLTER, MRS , JACKSON , AMUEL MACAULEY,

S . HOOKER, DR . RANSOM , JACOB , LAWRENCE, S N R . A . HOOLEY, EDWI JACO I, DR ,

JACORUS, JOHN S . , P R A C UE L I N B . HOP IN, MISS F ANCES, J Q , HERBERT T . , * L . H . HOPPIN , HAMILTON , JACQUELIN, JOHN ,

J R . W . B HOPPIN , , WILLIAM , JAMES, MRS . WALTER . ,

. . C . S HORNADAY, MRS J , JAMES, ARTHUR CURTI S,

H OS K I E R . C . . . , H , JAMES, DR ROBERT C ,

H W . B . A N E W A Y . A OTCHKIN, , J , DR EDW RD G

I B . HOWE, W RT, JENKINS, WILLIAM ,

. H . HOWELL, GEORGE C JENKINS, MRS HELEN , A HOWELL, T . . , JENNINGS, FREDERICK B .

W E . HO LAND, HENRY , JENNINGS, PHILANDER R

. E . HOWLAND, MRS HENRY , JENNINGS, WALTER,

T E S UP . HOY , COLGATE , J , RICHARD M ,

S O H N E S . HOYT, JOHN HERMAN , J , WM FOULKE,

S . . HOYT, WALTER , JOHNSON , F COIT,

G UY B . HOYT, GOOLD , JOHNSON , ,

HOYT, MRS . JESSE , JOHNSTON , J . HERBERT,

E E . S E D HUGHES, CHARL S , JOHNSTON , AMU L

. I HUMPHREYS, MRS EDWARD WALSH , JOHNSTON , W LLIAM J

. W . R . HUNTINGTON , REV , JOLINE , ADRIAN HOFFMAN ,

M . HUNTINGTON , MRS . A . , JONES . MISS BEATRIX,

. P . HUNTINGTON , MRS R . , JONES, MRS . CADWALADER,

P . G . . HUP EL, J CHRISTOPHER , JONES, H BOLTON, B T R M HURL U , F ANK . , JONES, DWIGHT A

L A H . HUSSEY, WI LI M , JONES, LEWIS Q M HUSTED, MISS . KATHARINE, JONES, TOWNSEND,

R S L . UDS O N . I HUSTED, J . , EYMOUR , J , H N S KAE GEBE H N F HUTCHI S, AUGUSTUS CHELL , , AL RED, KA E GE BE H N K HUTCHINSON , CARY T , MISS BERTHA T T N HU ER, KARL, KAH , LOUIS, D N O T H HUYLER, C . . , KAH , TO . ,

U N L . H YLER, JOHN C KAME A , WILLIAM , H UYLER , FRANK DEK . , KANE, MISS LOUISA LANGDON , - I I Y DE f&UG US T US I L KA UT z E UL E N BE RG , , , MISS P . R

D B . HY E , B . T . BABBITT, KEECH , FRANK ,

. Y P . HYDE , MRS CLARENCE M . , KELLE , AUSTIN ,

MR . . E . S HYDE , DR FREDERICK , KELLOGG , CHARLES, Y INCHES, GEORGE B KELL , E UGENE ,

T . IJAMS, J . , KEMP, ARTHUR T Y C . IRONS, HENR , KENNEDY, EDWARD G M R S . IRVIN , RICHARD, KENT, EDWIN C \ I L L I A M . V E . ISELIN , MRS , KEPPEL, DAVID,

R . ISELIN, J , ADRIAN , KEPPEL, FREDERICK , K UFFE L W G . ISELIN , C . O LIVER, E , . , ’ . S ISELIN , COLUMBUS O DONNELL KEYSER, MRS AMUEL,

ISELIN , MISS GEORGINE , KIDDER, JAMES HATHAWAY, R H . ISELIN , JOHN , KIMBALL, ALFRED

E . . . ISELIN , WILLIAM , KING, MRS J HOWARD, ’ O F . ISELIN , WILLIAM DONNELL, KING, AUGUSTUS ,

B N E S . ISHAM , CHARLES . , KI G, BEV RLY , *

H . E ISHAM , CHARLES , KING, JAMES GOR , S ISHAM, AMUEL , KING, MISS ETHEL,

JACKSON , DR . GEORGE THOMAS, KING, MRS . LEROY,

* e De ce as d . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT

. KINNEY, MORRIS, LEWIS, MRS AUGUST, W KITCHING, FRANK LEWIS, PERCY PYNE ,

S , E IS, WADS OR H USSELL, KITTREDGE , AMUEL DANA L W W T R

. KITZ , JOSEPH, LEWIS, DR WILLIAM J W E ISOHN , DOLPH , KLAW, MARC, L A

INCOLN , O ELL , KLEE , BENJAMIN , L L W

E . R . I CHFIELD, UBER , KNIGHT, CHARLES L T H T

H . KNOEDLER, ROLAND F LITCHFIELD, EDWARD , L I T T A UE R KOHLMAN , CHARLES, , WILLIAM,

M . L S . KOHLSAAT, MISS EDITH , LIVINGSTON , WI LIAM ,

E F . L O BE N S T I N E C . KOLB, GUSTAV , , WILLIAM ,

C . R . KOLB, J , GEORGE , LOCKWOOD, EMERSON ,

KOLB, FREDERICK , LORD, MRS . GEORGE DEFOREST,

N . W T KREMER, MRS . WM . , LO ELL, MISS CARLOT A RUSSELL,

C H E I D . D . W B . KR UN S , C , LO ELL , JAMES , A N N H A R L E S KUGEL M , C , LOW, ETHELBERT IDE , N H A R DT R KU , HENRY LUCHSINGER, JACQUES,

L A . KUSER, JOHN . , LUDEKE , HENRY , T R O FF UD - KUT , ADOLF , L LOW, REAR ADMIRAL NICOLL,

B H O N . E . A . LACOM E , HENRY , LUEDER , ,

S . LAD ENBURG, MRS . ADOLF , LUSK, PROF . GRAHAM, * R . R S . L UT T GE LADEW, M EDWARD , N , WALTHER,

. L UT Y E LAGAI, DR GEORGE , , EDWARD N H LAING , EDGAR . , LYMAN , FRANK ,

L . LAMBERT, DR . ALEXANDER , LYON, E MORY ,

. . S . . W LAMBERT, DR A . V , MCALPIN , MRS CHARLES . ,

W . S L . LAMBERT, DR . AMUEL , MCALPIN , GEORGE ,

S . B . . M C C A G G LAMONT, MRS DANIEL , , LOUIS ,

H . . E . . S . LANDON , MRS , MCCULLOH , J ,

G . A . LANDON , FRANCIS , MCKIM , JOHN ,

Z . LANE , EDWARD V . , MCKIM, LE ROY, ”W LANE , JAMES ARREN , MCKINNEY, GLENN FORD,

L . LANGE , MISS CARMEN , MCLANE , THOS . ,

D . LANGE , J . , MCLEAN , JAMES, M A LANGELOTH , J CLEAN , M RSHALL,

G . R . G . LANGDON , J , WOODBURY , MCMURTRY, ,

. M C V I C K AR A LANGMANN , DR GUSTAV , , EDW RD,

R M C W H L IA M S W . LATTING, CHARLES , , DANIEL , - A UDA UE R I . L , N MACFARLANE , WALLACE ,

R M A C V E A G H S . LAWRENCE , JOHN BU LING , , CHARLES ,

E W BOL D H . LAWRENCE , N T MACY, GEORGE ,

M A E R L E N DE R H . LAWRENCE , TOWNSEND, , EDWARD ,

LAWRENCE , WALTER BOWEN , MAGEE , JOHN ,

W . V . . LAWRENCE , , MAGER , F ROBERT,

F . LEARNED, WALTER, MAHONY, MISS HELEN , H R . . LEDOUX, DR . ALBERT , MAIRS, GEORGE ,

S . LEE , MRS . FREDERIC , MALI, PIERRE , ’ S . LEE, PROF . FREDERIC , MANN , WILLIAM D ALTON ,

R . LEE, J . BOWERS , MAPES, J , DANIEL,

L . . S . LEE , WILLIAM H , MAPES, ERNEST , B LEDLIE , GEORGE , MAR URY, MISS ELIZABETH ,

M A R K O E . . W LEDYARD, EDGAR MADISON , , DR J

. F C E . LEFFERTS, MARSHALL , MARLING , AL RED , P LEWIS, FREDERIC ELLIOTT, MARSH , C . . ,

L . H . LESHER, A . , MARSHALL , CHARLES , L E T K E M A N N V S , H . . , MARSTON, EDWIN Y S LEV , EMANUEL, MARTIN , JOHN

“ D e c eas ed . 2 6 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

. H . M D R D MARTIN, WILLIAM R , ORRO, E WA ,

R . R R MARTIN, J , B ADLEY, MORTIMER, ICHARD, R MARTIN , HOWA D T MORTON, A . L . ,

R . N . S UE MARTINEZ, MIGUEL , MORTO , MRS HENRY AM L ,

H . MASON, WILLIAM, MOSELEY, WILLIAM , T M O S L E Y MAS ERS, MISS, , A . HENR , T E Y MATHEWS, THOMAS, MOT , H NR C . , N E N MAXWELL, ROBERT, MOTT, JOH BOW ,

E T T R . N L . MAY R, JESSE, MO , J , JORDA ,

MAYNARD, MRS . WALTER, MOTT, LAWRENCE, E MEHL, HENRY, MUELLER, CHARL S F M U MEISSNER, CARL A HLFELD, FRANK J

R S . L I MELLEN, CHA LES , MULLER , WI L AM, E Y W . MERKEL, AUGUST, MUNROE , H NR ,

C . N MERRITT, HENRY , MURGATROYD, JOH ,

H E A S . METCALFE, CAPTAIN ENRY, MY RS, WILLI M ,

MEYER, CHARLES, NAEGELI, R OBERT,

N S . MEYER, WILLIAM, NEILSO , DR . HOWARD , T T MEYER, MISS HELOISE, NEILSON, WALLACE PLA ,

N W . M E YR O W I T Z B . , EMIL , NELSO , JAMES , D L E S M I T H MI D EBROOK, FREDERICK, N , JAMES, DE MI L H A U E UM ER , LOUIS JOHN, N , FERDINAND, N E UM O E GE N M L MILBANK, ALBERT J , . N I C I I O L S MILBURN, JOH G ., N , ACOSTA ,

A W . T . MILTON, MRS . WILLI M F NICHOLS, JOHN , B L E E . . MILL R, MRS . CHARLES , NILES, RO ERT , I F M LLER, ROSWELL, NOBLE, AL RED, RR I E F O . N R S . M . MILLIKEN, , N , A LA EA , N B . MILLS, ABRAHAM G ORTH, GEORGE ,

F. MILLS, ANDREW , NORTON , GEORGE , * . D . M I I . L S D . O . NO ES, RS ENR , Y M H Y

E O , MILMINE , C . BERMAYER CHARLES J O F . F ERMAN , JOHN , MINTURN , MRS ,

O R W . M . P , MITCHELL, A . . , GDEN CHA LES , H M E I M O S . . MITCHELL, WILLIAM, , P , O H M E I S FF , JOHN, MO AT, GEORGE BARCLAY, T T D E Q E O LCO , U L , N D, MONTANT, ALPHONS , D Y N O LI , RS . S T E HEN M . P MONTGOMERY, RICHARD , M H O I DE L PHAN , OBER , MOORE , CASIM R R Y T R T

O M . R . R L PHAN , OBER , MOORE , J , CHARLES ARTHU , Y T R T O NA IVIA , JOHN IC OR, MOORE , MISS FAITH, T V T ’ N K O OUR KE , JOH F. , MOORE , MISS . R O N Y F D SBORN, RS . E R FAIR IEL , MORAWETZ, VICTOR, M H

O T T L . N E ERSON , R HUR , MORGA , MISS ANN T A T O O, US AV, L . MORGAN , MISS C . TT G T

O UT E RBR ID GE . L N D , R PAU , MORGAN , EDWI D

O . VER ON , DR FRAN , H . K MORGAN , GEORGE , T O Y E EN , ENR B . MORGAN , MRS. J . , W H

E . . ACKARD, RS . W , MORGAN , MRS . J . PIERPONT, P M

N N AGANELLI, APHAEL . MORGA , JU IUS S . , P R

PAGANE LI, . I CHARD, . U S . L T R MORGAN , MRS J NIUS

. H . R . PAGE , WM , MORGAN , P OF THOMAS H

M . . H . . PAIN ER, R C , MORGAN , WM FELLOWES, T D M

H ALMER, S . S . , MORRIS, DAVE . , P * . . S MORRIS, FORDHAM, PALMER, DR T B MORRIS, JOHN JACO , PARKER, WINTHROP , F E MORRIS, DR . LEWIS RUTHER URD, PARPART, WILLIAM

De ce ase d . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 27

S BRE VO OR T PARSONS, EDWIN, POTT , WILLIAM ,

N B . PARSO S, MRS . EDWIN, POUCH, A . , T T D PARSONS, MISS GERTRUDE, PRA , GEORGE . ,

. DE B. N PARSONS, H , PRENTICE, JOH HILL,

N E . PARSONS, JOH , PRESS, T . CHANNON, R Y N . V E RY L PARSONS, MISS MA , PRESTO , DR , I L E PARSONS, WILL AM BARC AY, PRIM , MISS CORNELIA, R PA SONS, WILLIAM H PRINCE, EDWARD S . ,

R L N F. D Y N E LE Y PART IDGE, EDWARD PRI CE, PRO J . ,

E W . PAT RSON, R . , PROCTOR, WILLIAM, A PAUL, JOHN J PRYER, CH RLES,

W . . O . UL PAUL, A , P ITZER, MRS . JOSEPH,

Y S E N J. PEABOD , TEPH , PUTNAM, . BISHOP

N . S . I PEARSO , F , PUTNAM, WILL AM A S N P PY I E PELL, TEPHE H . . , , JAMES TOLMAN ,

E E KE Y N E . M P NDL TON , FRANCIS , PY , MRS . TAYLOR, Y R . Q N PENFOLD, EDMUND, PYNE , PERC , D, H A A . RD PENFOLD, WILLI M LL, QUINTARD, DR EDWA ,

L . . D F PERCIVAL, A RAD ORD, HARRY V . ,

P. PERKINS, ROBERT , RANDALL, FRANK E . ,

PERRY, WM . A RANDOLPH, EDMUND D . T L L I PE ER, EMI , RANDOLPH, WI L AM W E E FT PET RS, CHARL S G RAN , RICHARD,

S L T . D PETERS, AMUE , RAPALLO, E WARD S L I O R A S C O VA R PETERS, WI L AM RICHM ND, , JAMES, F FE E R A T H BOR N E P EIF R, GEORG , , RICHARD C

R . PFIZER, J , CHARLES, RAUCH , WILLIAM, T R D L A PICKHARD , CA L, REA , WI LIAM ., * F E E Y PIEL, GOTT RI D, REDMOND, H NR S . , E PIEL, MICHA L, REDMOND, MISS EMILY, E RY L AY PIERC , HEN C , REED, CHARLES, N Y PIERREPONT, MISS A NA JA , REID, JOHN,

. S E O T PIERREPONT, R TUYV SANT, REIMER, TO E UGENE,

G E N . PIERSON , J . FRED, REINCKE, E . A . ,

W . PIKE, R . , REINHARDT, GEORGE N FF PINCHOT, GI ORD, REMSEN , CHARLES,

H . N E B PLATT, CHARLES , REY OLDS, . . , T H PLAT , FRANK ., REYNOLDS, JAMES BRONSON, N RS E N PLATT, MISS MARIO E KIN , RHETT, MISS FLORE CE ,

T . W . R I I I N E L A N DE R PLA TEN, J , , CHARLES E

PLAUT, ALBERT, RHINELANDER , FREDERIC W . ,

M . B PLYMPTON, GILBERT RICE , MRS WILLIAM . ,

POEL, FRANK, RICHARD, MISS ELVINE ,

M N A . POLK, WILLIAM RICHARD, EDWI ,

E E E . . POLLOCK, GEORG . , RICHARDS, O , Y R I C H M O N D W A T T POOR, HENR V , S L D POPE , G . . , RIDDER, HERMAN ,

L R E C . PORTER, C A ENC , RIGGS, GEORGE ,

PORTER, HORACE, RIKER, S AMUEL,

L . . PORTER , WILLIAM , RIPLEY, H DILLON, E N POST, ABRAM S . , RIPL Y, JULIA A

. A A . POST, MRS CHARLES . , RIPLEY, LOUIS ,

E L . POST, EDWARD C . , RIV S, GEORGE ,

R . B POST , J , GEORGE . , ROBBINS, CHANDLER,

POTTER, MISS BLANCHE, ROBBINS, MRS . HELEN C

M . M . POTTER, EDWARD CLARKSON , ROBERTS, MISS ,

POTTER, FREDERICK, ROBERTS, G . THEODORE ,

‘ e e e D c as d . 2 8 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

S . H . ROBERTSON , ALBERT . CHOLLE , A ,

. P S A . ROBERTSON, MRS FANNY . , CHRAG, CHARLES , H S ROBERTSON, R . . , CHREIBER, LOUIS, S C H RE Y VO G E L ROBINSON, EDWARD, , CHARLES, K S ROBINSON, ELI CHULTZE , CHARLES,

H . S R OBINSON , G . , CHULTZE , FRED, A S ROBINSON , HENRY ., CHUYLER, MISS LOUISA LEE , S M ROBISON , WILLIAM, CHWARCZ, MAX . , S c H W A R z F ROCKWOOD, WILLIAM H , HENRY . ,

F. S A M . ROE, CH RLES , CHWERIN, CLARENCE ,

O . S . R M ROE, FRANK , COTT, HON F ANCIS . ,

L . T T H N S . ROE , IRVI G , CO , FRANK , R OE L K ER FR S , AL ED, COTT, WILLIAM,

E . L S S ROGERS, . , COTT, TUART,

. B S R OGERS, MRS WILLIAM . , COVILLE , ROBERT, H S ROGERS, JAMES . , CRIBNER, ARTHUR H

B E . S C RY M S E R ROGERS, HU ERT , , JAMES

R O K E N BA UG H S . S , HENRY , EDGWICK, ROBERT,

W N S E E . B . ROOSEVELT, . E MLE , , A , S L ROOT, ELIHU, ELIGMAN, ALFRED . ,

W . S N R OSSITER, ARTHUR , ELIGMA , JEFFERSON, S T E W . ROSSI ER , . V. , ETON, ALFRED,

R . S N E ROTH, FREDERICK G . , EXTO , LAWRENCE . ,

E . S E Y BE L E ROTHWELL, JAMES , , DANIEL S I D ROWLAND, THOMAS, HAP RO, . ,

R . S . R UNYON, CARMAN , HARDLOW, MRS JOSEPH , E W S R UNYON , . HAW, CHARLES HERBERT, S A RUPPERT, JACOB H W, JAMES G

. S . E . A . R UPPERT, MRS JACOB, HEETS, DR , S F R . RUPERTI, JUSTUS, HEF IELD, JAMES , B D S N R RUSSELL, ARCHI ALD HELDO , GEORGE . ,

F . R USSELL, DR . JOHN , S HELDON , WILLIAM C . ,

N D . S RYA , J . , HOEMAKER, HENRY W . , R S B RYLE , ARTHU , HOPE , JULIAN . , L S FF RY E , GRAHAM, HURTLE , ROSWELL MORSE , E S T . S . W . ACKET , MISS GERTRUD T IBLEY, MRS H , - S H . S MA L E E AGE , JOHN , ICKLES, GEN . DANI L . ,

S . S R AGE , MRS RUSSELL , IEGEL, JACO .

S E . I L L E C K R . S J . G AMPSON , CHARLES , , , HENRY ,

S . I L L E . S C K J R . G . ANDS, MISS ANNE A , , MRS HENRY ,

S T T E . . L S A RLEE , MRS H ILLIMAN , HARPER , S S N AUTER, FREDERICK, IMPSON , JOH W

H . S . S ENFF, MRS CHARLES , INGER, ARTHUR J

S F . S . R D . CHAEFER, ANDREAS , KEEL, DR F ANK E F S C . S I E L CHA ER, EDWARD , K DMOR , WILLIAM S S L CHAEFER, HENRY, ADE , FRANCIS LOUIS , S F G T R B . CHAF , HERMANN , S LAU H ER , . ,

S E . S Y CHANCK , GEORGE , MILE , DANIEL , S CHANG , FREDERICK, S MILLIE , JAMES C . ,

S . F . S F CHAUE , C , MILLIE , CHARLES . , S C H E FE R S . , CARL , MITH , DR . A ALEXANDER ,

FFE . S M . S T CHIE LIN , MRS H . , MITH, AUGUS INE J S S M CHIEFFELIN , WILLIAM JAY, MITH , ERSKINE . ,

S D E . S . . CHIRMER, R U OLPH , MITH , MRS F HOPKINSON ,

H . S D . S . M . CHMI T, WM , MITH , F ,

S T . S S CHMIDT, ADOLPH , MITH , H . ANBORN ,

S C H M mT . S . , F LEOPOLD, MITH, NATHANIEL S ,

S . A . S . S E CHNABEL, R , MITH , DR AMU L, S C H N I E W I N D F S , . , MITH , WILLIAM ALEXANDER , FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 29

S S . MITHERS, CHARLES, ULLIVAN, MRS JAMES,

S S . S M ITHERS, F . S . , UTPHEN, JOHN ,

S S . A . S E . G . NOW, , WENSON, ,

S E G . OLTMANN , . , TABER, MISS MARY, F W S O R C H O N M RS . , VICTOR , TA T, HENRY S PALDING, KEITH , TALCOTT, JAMES,

P . E . . H . S W . ARROW, EDWARD , TALMAGE , MRS T ,

S R . . . PEAR, J , JAMES, TAMS, MRS J FREDERICK ,

S . PEDDEN , FREDERIC O , TATHAM, CHARLES,

S . H . PENCER, EDWARDS, TATUM , A ,

S L ORI L L A R D W . PENCER, , TAYLOR, DWIGHT ,

S . PEYER , MRS JAMES, TAYLOR, GEORGE,

S . O PITZNER, GEORGE W TAYLOR, MRS HENRY SBORN ,

S L . POFFORD, MRS . J . , TAYLOR, HENRY R S PRAGUE , MRS . FRANK, TAYLOR, HERBERT C S PRING, MISS ANNA RIKER, TAYLOR, JAMES B S R E W PU R, . TAYLOR, KNOX,

S . H QUIBB, DR EDWARD ., TAYLOR, LLOYD, S FF TA ORD, WILLIAM FREDERICK, TAYLOR, MOSES, S N TANDISH, MYLES, TAYLOR, S TEVENSO ,

S R . Y . H . TANTON , JOHN , TENNE , C S Y TARR, LOUIS MORRIS, TERR , JOHN T

S . W G . TARKE , ALBERT , THACHER, MRS GEORGE S TEARNS, LOUIS, THACHER, THOMAS, S N TEBBINS, JAMES H THAW, BENJAMI , S A R . M S . TECKER, ADAM , THAYER, EZRA RIPLEY, S R TEE S, HENRY, THAYER, HARRY BATES,

S . M . . R TEELE , MRS CHA LES, THOMAS, DR ALLEN , * S F S E . TEEVES, JOHN . , THOMAS, ETH , S TEINBECK, EDWARD, THOMAS, MRS . WASHINGTON , S N TEINMETZ, JOH A THORNE , JONATHAN ,

S O . TEPHENS, LIN J THORNE , MRS JONATHAN ,

S N E W BE R RY D . TER , ISAAC, THORNE , N ,

S . S TEVENS, ALEXANDER H THORNE , MRS AMUEL , S W . . W . . S . TEVENS, FREDERIC , THORNE , MRS V ,

S W . . S . TEVENS, RICHARD, THORNE , V , S F. T W . TEVENS, THEODOSIUS , HORP, EDWIN ,

S A C . TEVENSON , PAUL EVE, TIFF NY, LOUIS , S M . TEWART, JAMES, TILFORD, HENRY S . N TEWART, MRS PERCY H TILT, BENJAMI B

S W . TEWART, WILLIAM R TILTON, JOSEPH , S A . . TILLMAN , JAMES , TIMKEN , J HENRY,

S . M G . TIMSON , DR DANIEL TIMMERMANN , HENRY , S B . TOKES, H . , TOD, J . KENNEDY, S Y M . . . H TOR , MRS H TODD, H S . W . S . I TOUT, JOSEPH , TOLER, MRS V RGINIA , S G . B OR G FE L DT TOW, GEORGE , TOMBY, ,

S . B A TRANGE , A . , TOUSEY, WILLI M , S T A M Y RAUSS, FREDERICK, TOWNSEND, MISS C S TREAT, JAMES , TOWNSEND, ISAAC, S JR . D . D . S TREETER, , , TOWNSEND, EDWIN S TRONG, THERON G . , TOWNSEND, J . HENRY, S TURGES, MISS, TOWNSHEND, JOHN , S C O E TURGES, HENRY C Tows, DOWNING, S N TILLMA , C . C . , TRA CY, THOMAS, - S T R A VE LL I . L E S I . TILLMAN , MRS . C . C . , , MRS CHAR ,

R . S S . TROS EL, J , FERDINAND, TROOCK, LOUIS , T

* D ec e as e d . 3 0 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

A . TROWBRIDGE , MISS LOUISE , WATERBURY, MISS, E K T U Y N I TROWBRIDGE, FR DERICK . , WA ERB R , JOH * H H S N F. O N . A . TRUAX, CH RLES , WAT O , CHARLES ,

F N R EV. . E R TUCKERMAN, AL RED, WATSO , J H N Y, T UC K ER M A N VVE A T H ERBE E N N , PAUL, , EDWI H

. E R . , TU NBULL, MRS RAMSAY, WEBB F GERTON ,

T UR N UR E R , . W M . S , MRS . ARTHU , WEBB MRS EWARD,

R D R . T UR N URE E . , , , GEORGE , WEBE LEONARD A T . M . , , TUT LE , DR G . , WEBER CH RLES

TWEDDELL, WILLIAM H WEEKS, JAMES,

W E , . . G O UVE N E UR , T INING, . S . , WEIR MRS C

UN WELLS, O LIVE R J DERWOOD, WILLIAM LYMAN ,

UPM A N N WENDELL, VER JANSE N , , CARL, E T

. . WENDELL, RS JACOB, A . VALENTINE , DR WILLIAM , M

. . R N JR . T . WERNER, VAN BEU E , , FREDERICK , C H

WER HEIM, . P M . M . T H VAN BEUREN, , E R M F C O RT LA N DT U WESTOV , . . , VAN , A GUSTUS, E WE MOR , DMUND, . T E VAN INGEN , MRS EDWARD, T P A F WHEELER, EVERE T . , G . VANDERBILT, L RED , WHEELER, WAL ER S . , . T A . VANDERPOEL, MRS JOHN ,

. G . S WHEELOCK, MRS G VAN DER MISSEN , DR . G . J

M . E M BUR G H D B WHITE , A . , VAN , . . , * E WHI , LAIN V A N M R . T A C S T . NEST, ALEXANDER ,

R T . T T WHITE , HA OLD , VAN NEST, G . WILLE , WHITE HORACE , VAN NOSTRAND, B . T

J R . S A WHITE , , JOHN JAY, VAN INDEREN , HOW RD, D E B WHITE , LEONARD . , VAN WINKL , EDGAR . ,

W . WHITE , WILLIAM , VECCHIO, LOUIS, A WHITEHOUSE , J . HENRY, VICTOR, ., M WHITEHOUSE , WILLIA F VIETOR, THOMAS F

A . WHITING, DR . CHARLES , VINCENT, FRANK, D WHITING, MISS GERTRU E , VOGEL , HERMAN , V E B E L I A M WHITING, GILES, VON D EL , V L H V O N DE R M UH L WHITMAN , CLARENCE , , ALFRED,

R . L L E N GE R K E WHITMAN, J , WIL IAM, VON , JUS US, T * E . . WHITNEY, MISS C , WADDINGTON , GEORGE , WHI RIDGE , F . W . , . T WAGNER , H WILLIAM C WICKERSHAM , EORGE W . G WAGSTAFF, C DU BOIS, WILKINS, F . H . , WAINWRIGHT, J . HOWARD,

T . T T WILLETS, JOHN , WALCO , FREDERIC C

G . H WILLIAMS, RS . G . , WALES, EDWARD . , M E Y WILLIAMS, RS . P RC R . M H WALLER, J , ROBERT,

I A . . WILL MS, R H , WALSH , S AMUEL A . ,

H . R . WILLIAMS, J , RICHARD , WALTER, EDGAR, L WIL IAMS, THOMAS, . E WALTER , F . , ' W WILLIAMS, WALDRON , ALTER , MARTIN , W A N N I N GE R Y E , CHARLES, WILLOUGHB , MISS MARY CAR W,

M T . WARBURG, PAUL WILLS, CHARLES ,

L N . N WARD , ARTEMAS , WI SO , PROF EDMU D B

. E N E WARD, MRS GEORG CABOT, WILSO , GEORG T R Y W I N A N T D R WA D , HENR C , FRE E ICK, * VVI N C K E L BA C H L O WARD, J . Q . A . , , .

L . WARDNER, HENRY S TEELE , WINTHROP, EGERTON ,

L J R . L . WARDWE L, ALLEN , WINTHROP, , EGERTON ,

R . . L . WARDWELL , WILLIAM T . , WINTHROP, J , MRS EGERTON , H R . . R WARREN , MRS J OBA T, WINTH OP, ROBERT DUDLEY, N WARRE , LLOYD,

* D ec e as ed .

REPORT O F TH E EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

T O T HE BOARD OF MANAGERS

HE most notabl e event in th e year j ust closed is th e compl e

tion of th e ﬁrst quarte r million of th e Endowm ent Fund . In th e r eport for th e year 1 9 09 th e n ecessity for th e e stablishment T he N ew of such a fund was set forth by th e Committee . York Z oological S oci etv last year stood in a position somewhat unique a m th e si - the ong u publi c institutions of this City , owing to fact that although it has raised in annual contributions and out

- right gifts to th e Park over one half million dollars , it had no e e e e E ndowment . A larg portion of this half million was xp nd d e e e th e for buildings , paths , f nc s and oth r construction work in e th e th e Zoological Park , in spit of fact that cost of work of this character in th e othe r institutions had been defraye d by th e City . e e e For thi s reason , mon y which in oth r institutions would hav ee e e ee e b n plac d in an Endowm nt Fund , has b n actually sp nt by th e Soci ety in orde r to e stablish th e Park in public favor ; and th e result has certainly j u stiﬁed the wi sdom of this course of a ction . T h e Soci ety was at a furth er disadvantage owing to th e fact that whil e th e coll ection s of animals were purchased by and b e e e e e em e long to the Soci ty , th ir valu is highly ph ral , and tends e to d ecrease rath er than to increase . A coll ction of picture s or other museum material is constantly growing in valu e with th e t e me m a r increasing rarity of h e sp ci n s , but ani als e not immortal e T h e a n d require constant replac m ent . Park having been con s tructe d and fully stock ed with on e of th e b est coll ections of th e e e ee e animals in th e world , Ex cutiv Committ f lt that the n ext s tep was to secure an Endowment Fund of at l east one million e e : d ollars , for th e following gen ral purpos s

— e e th e e h e Fi r s t P erman nc of Soci ty , and thus of t Park and

Aquarium .

ec n —S c i entiﬁc S o d Exploration and Publication , such as i s e e e h e c onducte d by oth er S imilar soci ti s in oth r parts of t world .

’ T r — e m e th e e hi d Prot ction of Ani al Lif , as Soci ty s part in t h e gene ral con s ervation movem ent which i s going on not only th e i n th e Unite d States , but in all parts of world . 3 4 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

e th e e e As a nucl us of a Million Dollar Fund , Ex cutiv Com e th e mittee d e cid e d to rai se , by imm diate subscription , sum of e e the 1 1 1 th e e b for ﬁrst of January , 9 , and with sp cial e m e th e e e e m assistanc of so of fri nds of th Soci ty , thi s a ount was T e e e s ecured . he incom d erive d from this su m will do littl mor than enabl e th e Soci ety to comfortably carry on its work on th e e e e n the pres ent basis , without any nlargement or xt nsio ; but Committee hop e s that thi s p ermanent fund will rapidly incr ease through sp ecial subscription s and more particularly through b e T h e e e e the qu ests . incom from a million dollars would nabl e e e Soci ety to greatly ext nd and p rf ct its work . T h e Executive Committee tak es thi s opportunity to extend th e tha nks of th e Soci ety for th e timely gene rosity of th e sub e a r e : scrib ers to th Fund , who as follows

Samuel Thorne f Jacob H . Schif . e G eorge F . Bak r e Cl eveland H . Dodg e J . Pi rpont Morgan e e e E st . Pho b Anna Thorn . Ogden Mills

Levi P . Morton

P e rcy R . Pyn e

e . Edward S . Harkn ss Andrew Carn egi e Miss Emily Trevor A Fri end e Samu el P . Av ry

Frank K . Sturgis e John L . Cadwalad r . e G orge C . Clark . e G eorge W . P rkins e e Robert S . Br wst r

e . . H nry A C Taylor .

John D . Archbold . e Fre d erick G . Bourn e e e Charl s F . Di t ri ch e G eorg J . G ould .

Hugh J . Chisholm

Mrs . F . F . Thompson . L i spena r d Stewart e Miss S erena Rhin land er . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 3 5

Br ou g ht for wa r d

e . G rant B . Schl y e m e F . Augustus Sch r rhorn e Walter B . Jam s Miss H ele n Mill e r Gould e e Misc llan ous , including G eneral Fund

1 1 1 1 Total , January , 9 .

e e e th e . e e I n sl B qu st du from e E stat of Mrs H l n C . ee , condi ti on ed upon two live s , T h e original Charter of th e Soci ety provid ed that th e S o ciety could not hold real and p ersonal prop erty in a greate r amount than was sufﬁci ent to provid e an annual income of 6 1 9 1 0 mm ee e e On May , , your Co itt s cur d an amend e e e m ent to th e Chart r r moving this r striction , and a copy of e e e e e 1 42 this n w amend d Chart r i s print d on pag of this re port . T h e Endowment Fund has been invested by th e Treasurer and th e Finance Committee in securiti e s that will n et th e Soci ety T h e e m e about per cent . e d tails of its inv st nt app ear more ’ e particularly in th e Treasurer s stat m ents . T e e th e e 1 1 9 1 1 h e m mb rship of Soci ty on January , , showing an increase over 1 9 1 0 is :

B en efactors Found ers in P erpetuity Found ers Associate Found e rs Patrons Life M emb ers Annual M emb ers m e Honorary and Corre sponding M e b rs .

FINANCES A nima l Fu nd —T h e receipts for th e Animal Fund have b een as follows

R eceived from sal e s of animals R eceive d from Park Privil ege s

Balance from th e ye ar 1 9 09 .

Total receipts

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 3 7

A n ima l Fu n — d Cont . R ec eip ts b r ou g ht for wa r d Exp end ed for animals during 1 9 1 0 Birds Mammals R eptil es Inse cts

e e e Expr ss and oth r charg s . e e e e Trav ling and oth r xp nse s .

Balance

T h e e m e e e e e D part nt of Privil g s , und r Chi f Cl erk Mitch ell , e e e e e d s rv s a word of sp cial comm ndation . This D epartm ent of th e e e e Park has prov d a v ry substantial sourc of incom e , and th e Committee d e sire s to mak e spe cial acknowledgme nt of th e man n er ee e in which it has b n administ red . — I ncome A ccou n t T h e income rece ive d from Life M emb ers during th e year 1 9 1 0 , amounte d to From Annual M embers From Sustaining M emb e rs

Total T h e total amount exp end e d and chargeabl e against this fund amounted to making a d eficit of which r e du ced th e cash balance on hand at th e en d of th e year to th e figure of T h e incom e re ceived from th e Endowm ent e th e e 1 9 1 1 Fund , which will accru during y ar , will provi de suf fici ent additional funds to wip e out any deficit in this fund for 1 1 1 e e th e e e h e 9 . With this additional r sourc n c ssity of placing t fee s for Life M emberships in this fund has ceased , and on and e 1 1 9 1 1 ee e e e e e e aft r January , , f s r c iv d from Lif M mb rships will b e cre dited to the Endowment Fund . T e e e ee e m e h e Sustaining M mb rships hav thr y ars or to run , and it is hop ed by that time that th e income from th e Endowm ent Fund will b e suffici ently large to do away with th e n ece ssity of such sp ecial subscription s . From now on your Committee exp ects th e Income Account ‘ th e e e to b e su fiici ent , with strict economy , to carry on g n ral work e m e of th e Soci ety , but until a much larg r Endow nt Fund is pro 3 8 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY v ided e e e , no gr at xt nsion of th e activiti e s of th e Soci ety can b e e charg d against this fund .

Mr . John D . Rockefell er donated during th e year th e sum of e e of which , tog th r with accru e d intere st , is to b e e e annually cr dit d to this fund .

G r ou nd I m r ov emen t Fu nd —O n 1 1 9 1 0 e e p January , , th r was a balance of to th e credit of th e G round Improvement 1 9 1 F und , and during August , 0 , we re provide d by th e th City , for e following sp e ciﬁc purpos es :

E rection of B e ar D ens ; R emoval of Mo os e House ; Yak Shelter and Yards Z ebra House Eagl e and Vulture Aviary N ew e e & Walks , F nc s , c

e e e 3 1 1 9 1 0 e e On D c mb r , , th r was a balance of to the e cr dit of thi s fund .

’ S tok es Bi r d Fu nd — O n 1 1 9 1 0 e e January , , th r was a cash e th e e balanc of to credit of thi s fund , and during th year inter e st accumulated in th e amount of Th ere have ee e e e ﬁ e b n no xp nditur s , and was invested in v Illinois

e e r e . e e C ntral Railway , four p c nt gold bonds , l aving a cash balanc e 1 1 of on D c emb er 3 , 9 1 0 .

M a in te n — e e na c e of th e Pa r l a By th e most str nuous conomy , t h e amount provid ed by th e City for th e maintenance of th e Park for 1 9 1 0 , viz . , proved s u ﬁi ci ent to carry th e Park th e e S e e e e e f through y ar , in pit of sp ecial xp nditur s in an f ort to keep th e Park exc eptionally cl ean and in providing additional attendants .

A substantial increase for 1 9 1 1 was requ e sted in ord er to m eet the charge s for additional attendants and increas ed cost of e e e e e e living , as w ll as to enabl th e Soci ty to r comp ns its faithful em ee e e e r e ploy s on a more liberal basis . A notic , how v r , was ei e m e c v d from th e Board of E stimate and Apportion nt , stating e that instead of an increase , w e would have to mak provision for e e a reduction of ten p er c ent . A vigorous prot st was mad by t e e e h e ofﬁcers of th e Soci ety , who show d cl arly that a r duction in our pre sent inadequate maintenance was impossibl e owing to th e fact that th e animals require d food and attendants and that e men e no re duction in the scal e of wage s was possibl , our b ing em T h e greatly und erpaid in comparison with City ployee s .

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 41

ANI MAL COLLECTION S

During th e year the animal coll ections mad e a notabl e in creas e in extent and zoological value over their condition at th e e th e e T h e f e b ginning of y ar . principal ef ort of th e Soci ty has ee e e b n dir ct d toward strengthening th e coll ections throughout , e the f e e rath r than in obtaining of a ew costly rariti s . By r ason of this , it i s only fair to state that th e coll ections as a whol e a r e th e e th e e strong st and e rich est , zoologically , that they ev r hav e b en .

e e e e e h ir ec A not worthy f atur was th formation , und r t e d m e e e tion of Curator Dit ars , of an conomi c coll ction of ins cts , an d e e e e e e e e T h e e anoth r of r ptil s and rod nts xhibit d tog th r . form r was installed and exhibited in the pavilion b etween th e O strich and Small -Mammal House s and attracted much attention throughout th e months of mild weath er that it was possibl e to m T h e e m e e e aintain it at that point . cono ic xhibit of r ptil s and rodents was p erman ently installed along th e south ern sid e of th e e e e e main hall of the R ptile House , and asid from gr atly incr asing the e e e e e e th e sp ci s on xhibition , both of r ptil s and of rod nts , coll ection i s calculated to serve th e us eful purpose of informing th e public concerning th e r elations existing in nature b etween e e rod ents and th e reptil e s that de stroy th m , and c rtain sp eci e s of carnivores that esp ecially prey upon reptil es . Aside from th e usual annual loss of small and S hort - lived

h e e e e e . animals , th e deaths during t y ar w r quit insigniﬁcant

T h e only losse s worthy of note consisted of a mal e tiger , a kiang

e e e . of mature years , and a Bak r roan ant lop th e T h e census of th e mammals , birds and reptil es living in 1 1 9 1 1 : Park on January , , i s as follows

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 9 0 9 44 e e Th es e ﬁgures show an increase over , of sp ci s and

1 63 sp ecimens .

h e th e e With th e balance on hand in t Animal Fund , Soci ty proposes to organize exp e dition s to se cure som e of th e large r e ee m e w animals . Arrangem ents hav b n ad ith a ﬁrm in Nairobi , e th e e Briti sh East Africa , to captur for Soci ty , a pair of living 42 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

e e e whit rhinoc ros s . P ermits have b een s ecure d and th e exp edi e tion will start arly in 1 9 1 1 .

ROCKEFELLER FOUNTAIN

th e e th e e e e e e e th e D uring y ar Rock f ll r Fountain , pr s nt d to m . R e e Park by Mr Willia ock f ller , was remove d from its original e th e e th e sit to circl in Concourse , and th e exp ense was d efrayed by th e donor .

N EW BUILDINGS AN D INS TALLATIO N S

In addition to several small buildings and an important c en tral P ublic Comfort Station that were constructed during th e t e th e year , h Administration Building was at last thrown op en to u se th e e e h e th e of m mb rs of t e Soci ety . It i s locat d at north e e e ast corn r of Baird Court , and can b e closely approach d by e u se e e th e e automobil s and carriages . Its i s r stri ct d to ofﬁc rs m e e t e e e e a ccom and mb rs of h Soci ty and th ir gu ests , and sp cial moda tion s have b een provid ed for th e comfort of ladi es and chil f dren . Every ef ort has b ee n made to r ender th e u se of this build e e m em e mm ee e e e ing conv ni nt for b rs , and your Co itt b li v s that it will s erve as a m eeting place for m embers . T h e building contains th e library of th e Soci ety and th e e spl endid coll ction of heads and horns , which has now attain ed most notabl e proportions .

NATIONAL COLLECTI ON OF HEADS AN D H ORNS

Thi s und ertaking has already s ecure d th e inte rest of a large numb er of S portsm en an d naturali sts , and its importanc e and e m e valu e i s steadily growing . Already th e Coll ection has b co e m e famous throughout th e world , and its standing as a p r an nt feature I n th e Park is thoroughly assure d . e h e e e D uring the late wint r and early spring, t Dir ctor sp nt months of diligent labor in m easuring , arranging , hanging and T h e labe lling th e H eads and Horns Coll ection of 68 8 sp e cim ens . Coll ection compl etely ﬁlls th e two picture gall eri e s in th e Admin T e r e e e e i str a tion B uilding . h walls a e so d ns ly crowd d with sp ci mens it i s plainly evid ent that a spe cial buildi ng is n eede d to a c e T h e commodate th e Coll ection and provid for its growth . gen eral public i s keenly de sirous of vi ewing th e H eads and b e e Horns , and it is only fair that provisions should mad whi ch will enabl e th e Zoological Soci ety to gratify thi s l egitimate d esire . A separate building for th e National Coll ection S hould b e pro e v ided at an early dat . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 43

T h e most important gifts to th e H eads a nd Horns Coll ection were :

Indian buffalo ; Burmese banting ; Turkestan sh eep ; Ka r elin

sh ee . L i v i n ston e e r ed ee p ; g suni ; E urop an d r , from N ew Z ea land ; Astor markhor ; sabl e antelope ; Barre n - G round musk - ox ;

e e m . m N wfoundland caribou and bl sbok , all fro H Casi ir deRh a m .

N ew m e e K Brunswick oos h ad , from E dwin C . ent .

e- e ee e e e Whit tail d d r h ad , from G org Bird G rinn ell . f ee . Barasingha d r ; Congo buf alo , from Frank Hart

m me . . Bongo , fro Ja s L Clark

LIBRARY

e — - T h e op ening of th re ading room and stack room , which for m th e library accomm odati ons of th e Admini stration B uild em e th e th e ing, has painfully phasiz d fact that thus far Zoo logical Soci ety poss e ss e s a library which is littl e more than a e e th e e th e e e om nucl e us . It is n ith r int ntion nor d sir of your C mittee to e stabli sh a library which will contain an imm ens e num t e b er of books and pamphl ets of valu e only to systematists . On h e em m a e b e e oth e r hand , ther is a strong d and for what y w ll call d e e e e e e e a library of practical zoological knowl dg , d v lop d with sp e c ia l reference to th e actual n eeds of th e public . It should includ th e e all works that d eal with th e living fauna of arth , but par e e e e e m — ti cu l a r ly th e ve rtebrat s and ins cts , b caus thos for s to day e e a r e of th e gre ate st importance to mankind . It is also d sirabl that th e library S hould contain th e illustrate d zoological works e that a r e calculate d to b e of practi cal assistanc to artists , sculp

e . tors and S portsmen , as w ll as to working zoologists Funds to provide additional books a r e gre atly n ee d e d as th e Library Fund on th e ﬁrst of th e year contain ed only an amount quite sufﬁci ent to provid e e ven for th e imme diate r e q u i r em ents of th e Soci ety .

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT

T h e M e dical D epartm ent has been e sp e cially fortunate dur ing th e past ve ar in that it has not b een call e d upon to d e al with T h e e any s erious epid emic among th e mam mal coll e ctions . d ath rate continu e s to r emain at th e low mark of th e past few ye ars . ’ T h e d etails of this d epartme nt a r e cl early s et forth in Dr . Blair s r eport .

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 45

FORES TRY DEPARTMENT T h e Forestry D epartm ent during th e year did a large m e t a ount of work in prot cting h e tree s and S hrubs , as well as in T h e n ew planting . e Chi f Fore ster has had charge of th e con th e struction work during year , which is more fully set forth in

his report . T h e gen eral app earanc e of th e Park de pends largely on the e T z eal and thoroughn ss of thi s d epartment . h e re sult has b een e em e mm ee xtr ly sati sfactory , not only to your Co itt , but to visit r e e e o s , and has fr qu ntly call d forth favorabl e comment .

PUBLICATIO NS

th e e 1 9 1 0 h e th e e e e For y ar , t publications of Soci ty w r :

T h e e . e e th e Bu lletin Annual R port Six r gular issu s of , two e e he ﬁi e of which wer pr pared by t Aquari um o cer s . A pap r on “ ” e Cultivation of Fi sh s in Natural and Artiﬁcial Ponds , by the e Director of th e Aquarium , was reprint d , as well as additional ” e e m articl es on R ec nt Progr ss in Black Bass Culture . Cha e ” th e ea T h e e e l eons of S and Color Chang s in Fish s , by the e e e e Director of th e Aquari um , w r r print d from th e C entury

Magazine . e e e e Two folders , pr par d with gr at car , w ere sent out during T e . h 1 9 1 0 , and proved succ ssful e n ecessity of increasing th e membe rship of th e Soci ety i s th e most pre ssing duty of th e C om em e th e e e mittee . M b rs of Soci ty can gr atly assi st by sending in n ew nam es for m embership .

PHEAS ANT EXPEDITIO N A S stated in th e report of th e Executive Committee for last e e e e year , funds w r provid d by Colon l Anthony R . Kuser , of e e e e e B ernardsvill e, N . J on a g n rous scal , for an xp dition to secure living and dead specim ens of th e known S pe ci es of ph eas e e e e e ants and to study th s birds in th i r nativ nvironment . This

e e e . . ee e xp dition , und r Mr C William B b , our Curator of Birds , e em e 29 1 9 09 r s tarted from N ew York on D c b r , , and after a p e th e m e h e liminary inve stigation of at rial in t London Museum , e sail ed directly to C eylon wh re ﬁ eld work began . India was n ext Vi site d and th e foot hills of th e Himalayas were searche d th e e e e . for sp ecim ns From India party w nt to Singapor , m a k h e e e e ing that city t bas for trips to North rn Born o , Java , th e T h e e e n ow M alay State s and Burma . xp dition is on its way to e e C entral China , and aft r visiting Japan it will r turn to N ew

York during th e summ er of 1 9 1 1 . 46 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

th e e e e e Upon r turn of thi s xp dition , th e r esults and th e ﬁ ld note s will b e brought togeth er in th e form of a monograph on e e e f T Ph asants , on whi ch no xp nse or ef ort will b e spared . h e illustrations of th e book a r e b eing prepare d by such artists as

e . K e e e Charl s R night , Loui s Agassiz Fu rt s and Bruc Horsfall .

N EW YORK AQUARIUM

D uring the year 1 9 1 0 your Committee grante d a l eave of e m e . e . abs nc to Dr Charl s H Townsend , Director of th e Aquariu , to enabl e him to accept temporarily th e position of Acting D i e of th e e c e e r ctor Am ri an Mus um of Natural History , with th dis tinct unde rstanding that h e S hould return to th e se rvi ce of the e e 1 9 1 1 Soci ty arly in . D uring his absence th e management of the e Aquarium was intrust d to th e Assistant Dire ctor , Dr . Ray ’ T h . e . e e . e mond C O sburn , und r D r Towns nd s sup rvi sion Aquarium has continu ed to enj oy the high e st degree of public e favor , and th n ece ssity for an enlargement of th e building b e e come s constantly more pr ssing .

T h e m e e t e Aquariu , tog th r with h e Park , participat d during t e m e e e e h e h onth of Octob r in a B udg t Exhibit , h ld und r t aus pi ces of the Board of E stimate and Apportionm ent ; and on S ep e e 2 1 1 th e e e e e e e t mb r 7, 9 0 , Am ri can Fi sh ri s Soci ty h ld its Forti th

Annual M eeting at th e Aquarium .

th e e e e th e D uring latt r part of Nov mb r , First Annual Ex hib it of th e Aquarium Soci ety was also h eld at th e Aquarium . With a new and enlarged building opportuniti es for m eetings and exhibitions of thi s sort can become p erman ent feature s . T h e March and N ovemb e r numbers of th e Bu lletin w ere e sp e 1 1 0 the e ci a lly d evoted to th e Aquarium in 9 , and for futur two of th e yearly i ssu e s of th e Bu lletin will b e d evote d sol ely to th e inte rest of thi s institution .

e e T h e usual amount of replacem ent and repairs , tog th r with som e small improvem ents to th e m echanical d epartm ents of th e e e S e ee Aquarium has be n mad , and additional kylights hav b n install ed .

e e th e Additional el ectri c lights have b een suppli d , nabling Soci ety to throw th e Aquari um op en to th e public at night dur 1 9 1 1 th e ing th e latte r part of th e summ er . In Aquari um will b e k ept open at night during th e summ er months . T h e coll ection s have b een maintain ed at a high degree of e e e m efﬁci ency , an d th eir furth r xt nsion is an i possibility owing th e e e to th e lack of space . In addition to W st Indian s als , a

4 8 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY unde rstands that the proj ect in general m eets with th e approval f h e o t e . b e authoriti s If thi s true , and th e ﬁnancial conditions o f th e e City admit , it i s b li eved that th e valley of th e Bronx c a n b e e e sav d from furth r de secration .

PLANS FOR 1 9 1 1

th e e e e At pr s nt tim , contracts have b een award ed for an a e e e e E e dditional s ri s of B ar D ns and an agl and Vulture Aviary , t he latter to occupy the site in Bi rd Valley formerly occupi e d by T h the Moose Range . e plans for th e Z ebra House a r e p r a cti cally compl ete d and a contract will b e awarde d for its construe t ion during th e early spring . ’ Your Committee has d eci de d that there i s to b e a M emb ers th e e D ay annually , on third Monday in May of ach year , May ’ 1 1 9 1 1 e h 5 , ; a Sportsm n s Day annually , on t e ﬁrst Thursday in ’ e e e e 1 1 9 1 1 e Jun of ach y ar , Jun , , and a Ladi s Day annually , ’ h e e the e under t auspic s of Ladi s Auxiliary, on th e ﬁrst Thurs

4 1 9 1 1 . day of May, M ay , In thi s conn ection your Committee d e sires to thank th e ’ Ladi es Auxiliary for the ir z eal and en ergy and for their great success in obtaining new m embers for the Soci ety ; and in stimu ’ l th e e e th e e ating i nt r st in Soci ty s work , not only among ladi es , ee e e b ut among children . Your Committ d sir s to take thi s oc casion to make sp ecial acknowl edgment to the ladi es who have e e e e contributed so larg an amount of tim and int r st to this work .

OBITUARY

e Your Committee reports with regret th death , during th e

e e . p ast year , of Prof . Al xand r Agassiz , and Dr Arthur E rwin

e e . G e e e e Brown, Honorary M mb rs ; M r org Crock r, an Associat N e e K e e . . w Founder ; M r . John St wart nn dy , a Patron ; Mrs A

. . e . e e b old Morri s , a Patron ; Mr . C C Cuyl r , Mr S amu l D . Warr n

e e e . and Mr . William E . Sands , Lif M mb rs

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Your Committee de sire s to clos e thi s report with th e usual acknowl edgm ents to the Directors of the Z oological Park and T h e Aquari um and th eir re sp ective staffs and assistants . suc e e e th e e c ss , continu ed popularity and w lfar of Soci ty and its e e e e th e coll ections , depend to a v ry larg xt nt on good will of its force ; and your Committee d esires to again expre ss its a pp r eci a tion of th e loyal devotion of all those concerned in the w elfare a n d care of th e animals . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 49

As an evid ence of th e cordiality b etween th e City and th e N ew e t York Zoological Soci ty , h e following extract from a l etter addre ssed to th e Presid ent of th e Soci ety by th e executive h ead of the previous admini stration will b e of general interest :

th e e e D uring last six y ars that I was Mayor , I took a gr at h e e e t . e e int r st in Zoological Park I vi sit d it oft n , and b ecam e e a quit familiar with its work . You may , or m y not , know that e e e t e e I am mor or l ss of an nthusiast on h subj ct of zoos , so much ee e so that I have b n to n arly every on e of any importance . “ I do not think that there can b e any que stion but that th e N ew York Zoological Park i s the b e st managed on e I have ever e e e e e e s een . More than this , I b li v that for v ry dollar th City sp ends upon th e Zoological Park th e p eopl e receive full value in

- return . This has b een d u e to th e untiring and public S pirited e e e devotion of your coll eagu e s in th manag m nt , and of yourself . “ e e e e I a m , with kind st r gards an d b st wish s ,

e Yours v ry truly , “ GEORGE E . MCCLELLAN .

1 2 1 9 1 0 . D ecemb er ,

i r eld To Profe ssor Henry Fa ﬁ Osborn , “ ” 8 50 Madison Avenu e .

O ur relations with th e Park D epartm ents and th e respe ctive e b e th e m commi ssion ers , have continu d to of ost satisfactory e e e th e characte r . T h e Mayor , Comptroll r , Pr sid nt of Board of Ald ermen and Pre sid ents of th e Boroughs of Manhattan and of

th e . e . e th e Bronx , and especially Hon Charl s B Stov r , Commis

th e . sion er of Parks for th e Borough of Manhattan , and Hon m e the Thomas H . Higgins , Co mission r of Parks for Borough of e e e e e th e th e Bronx , have all manif st d th ir good will and int r st in e e e e e welfare and development of th e Soci ty , and hav giv n v ry m ee e possibl e assistance , and your Co mitt tak s this opportunity to expre ss its cordial s ense of appreciation th erefor .

m e R e sp ectfully sub itt d ,

ha i r ma n MADI S O N GRANT , C ,

O H S . S O , JO N S . BARNE , WM PIER N HAMILT N

K . S . K TU , PERCY R PYNE , FRAN S RGI

. O O , S AMUEL THORNE , LEVI P M RT N

D S O , WILLIAM WHITE NILES , HENRY FAIRFIEL O B RN - ex oﬁi ci o . ’ Er ea a ur er u Re u a p r t .

A B 3 1 1 9 1 FOR THE YE R E NDING DECEM ER , 0 .

G ener a l l unh .

Exhibit A .

e 1 Cash in Tr asury, January , 1 9 1 0

N o R ec ei ts p . N EXPE DITUR ES .

Cash transfe rre d to Endowme nt Fund

. . I CHELL, ERC R . NE H R M T P Y PY , i C h e C le k . a s f r T r e u r er . 1 1 9 January , 1 1 .

JJRenme A r ma ni .

Exhibit B .

e a 1 1 Cash in Tr sury, January , 9 1 0

RECEIPTS . S p ec i a l S u b s c rip tio n s W m e . Rock felle r a /c fountain D e e e John . Rock f ll r Misc e ll a neous

Life Memb e rship Annual Due s S ustaining M e mb e rship Aquarium Publications Int e re st me m e E ndow nt Fund , Inco Account , Transfe r 20 3 6

EXPENDITUR ES . S e fﬁ tation ry , printing and o ce suppli es . fi G e ne ral Of c e expe ns es . Library ’ Tre a sure r s oﬂi ce exp ens es Bulle tin Aquarium e xp e nse s Mus eum suppli e s Annual R e port Mailing circulars e H ads , horns and tusks S alary and e xp e nse s O f librarian e e e e Exp ns s , Annual M ting Aid to employe e s ’ S ecretary s salary Photographs and slid e s Library fund (transfe r ) Publications for m emb e rs Aquarium sp ecime ns Audit of accounts ’ E mploye rs insuranc e

C a rri ed forwa rd FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 51

— B C on ti nu e Exhibit d . Zoologica Engin ee ring e xp e ns es G a rtland c a s e Exp e nse s of r ec e ptions D e signs and sp e ciﬁcations Insurance Moving Rocke fe lle r Fountain Misce ll a n eous e xpe ns e s

B a la n c es e e 4 Y . L Inv st d in % N . , . W . T e rminal Bonds S ust a ining m e mb e rship available in 1 9 1 1 S usta ining m emb e rship avail a ble in 1 9 1 2 S ustaining me mb e rship availabl e in 1 9 1 3 a e a e e e m e 3 1 1 9 1 Cash b lanc avail bl D c b r , 0

. . M I T C H E L I C , ER R . NE H R P Y PY ,

C hie C l e k . T f r r ea su r er . 1 1 9 1 1 January , . Ma intena u e h r Iﬂu n .

Exhibit C .

C RE EIPTS .

R e c e ive d from the City account Maint e nance Appropria tion of for the ye ar Balance d u e from the City on account o f Mainte n a nc e P EX ENDITURES . M a inte nanc e of buildings and care of coll e ctions Mainte nance and care of grounds G e ne ral administration Food for animals Fue l

Paints a nd oils Lumbe r Uniforms and badge s Ele ctric lighting S anitation Plumbing supplie s and e xpe nse s ’ J a nitor s suppli e s T e le pho ne s e rvice Fre ight and Postage and tele graph " O fﬁce supplie s and printing Furnac e re pairs and re plac em e nts S and and c em ent

O fﬁc e furniture and ﬁxture s Rubbe r hos e

Drugs and me dicine s . R epairs S igns and lab els ’ Glass and glazie rs supplie s .

C a rri ed forw a rd 52 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

C -C n tinu ed Exhibit o . B rou g ht forw a rd I ce Nurse ry supplies F encing and netting Mats and ﬂ oor cove rings a d Medical tt . e Nurs ry stock and s ee ds - n

S table supplie s and repairs . Hors es and vehicle s Enginee ring supplie s S urgical instrum ents and appliance s Miscellane ous supplie s

H . R . MITCHELL, PERCY R . PYNE ,

C hi e C l e k . T ea s u e f r r r r . 1 6 1 9 1 1 . January ,

(ﬁr uua h Jlmpr nuement Iliunh

Exhibit D . S 5 . HOWING S TATUS OF APPROPRIATION N O .

e e e e 4 u Un xp nd d balanc of appropriation No . bro ght forward

e etc . R ductions on various contracts , , old account

RECEIPTS .

Appropriate d by Board of Estimate and Apportionment a e 1 908 Avail bl , July, e 1 9 09 Availabl , August, e 1 9 1 0 Availabl , August,

m m e em e 3 1 Pre iu on bonds to D c b r ,

EXPENDITUR ES . the Z oolog i c a l S o ci ety Baird Co urt Boundary and Co ncourse Cre m atory and Fuel S he d Axis a nd S ika D ee r fenc e s Guard rails Boundary fenc e s Ele phant House walks and yards Fore stry and planting Misc ellaneo us West F a rms block N e w wa l ks Llam a y a rds R e construction of walks Filling Duck Aviary Boston Road Public Comfort North end of Baird Court t n e e Public Com fort S ta io , El phant Hous

Zebra and Wild Hors e installa tion . S m all D ee r House walks and yards Polar B e ar D en N ew B e ar D e ns Adm inistration Building FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 53

— D " C on ti nu ed Exhibit . B rou g ht fo rwa rd

B th Z o y e ologi c a l S o c i e ty throu g h P a rk D ep a r tm en t :

Fore stry and planting Ele phant Hous e yards Boundary fe nc es Guard rail s N ew walks Misce llan eous We st Farms block Llama ya rds S m all D e e r Hous e yards Axis and S ika D ee r fe nce s Crem atory and fue l she d North e nd O f Baird Court Electric conduit N ew Administration Public Comfort S tation ne a r Ele phant House

Z ebra and Wild Hors e installatio n . Furnishings and ﬁttings for Administration Building

T hrou g h P a rk D ep a rtm en t

O f e e Contract , Construction E agl s and Vultur s Aviary l m t a . E e . H se C o . S Contract, H . F . English, Pub . d n r m . m S Fu . A Contract, Abraha traus Bldg a e e D a m Contr ct , r pairing Bronx Riv r e a e Contract , construction of B r D ns e a Contract, granit coping, B ird Court Miscellane ous exp e nditure s through Park D e pt

e e e e em e 3 1 1 9 1 0 B a lanc e available for xp nditur , D c b r ,

R . H . R . MITCHELL, PERCY PYNE ,

l k T ea su e . C hi ef C er . r r r

1 1 9 1 1 . January , 54 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

e r 1 1 1 0 Cash in Tr asu y, January , 9

RECEIPTS . R ec eip ts fr om P a r k Admissions Che cking Misce llaneous S ale of Animals R ent Rocking S tone R estaurant Privilege D epartme nt

EXPENDITURES .

Pu rc ha s e of A n im a ls Mamm als Birds R e ptile s Inse ct Collection

Express and othe r charge s Trav eling and othe r exp ense s

e em e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Cash balance , D c b r ,

H . R . MITCHELL, PERCY R . PYNE ,

hi e l k T ea su er . C f C er . r r

a 1 1 9 1 1 J nuary , .

’ h ﬁtukea Eir h Zﬁua .

Exhibit F .

Inve ste d in Illinois Ce ntral Railway 4 % Gold Bonds e 1 1 9 1 0 Cash Balanc , January ,

RECEIPTS .

en di tu es N o E x p r .

w 4 Inv e ste d in Illinois Ce ntral R ail ay, % Gold Bonds e e em e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Cash balanc , D c b r ,

C . H . R . MIT HELL , PERCY R PYNE ,

i le k T ea su e . C h ef C r . r r r

a 1 1 9 1 1 . Janu ry ,

56 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

Eihr a r h g Eﬁu u . b Exhi it H . P RECEI TS . S p ec ia l S u b s c rip tio n s :

e e Cl v land H . Dodge

H e le n M . Gould

Inte re st

EXPENDITURES . S ubscription to p e riodicals m e Books , pa phl ts , Expre ss and othe r charge s

a e e e m e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Cash b lanc D c b r ,

H . R . MITCHELL, PERCY R . PYNE , hi e le k C . f C r T r ea su r er .

1 1 9 1 1 . January , ll Aqua r ium ﬁl a iuteua ur e E unh .

Exhibit I .

N ew Appropriation , York City on account of Aquarium Mainte nanc e for 1 9 1 0 P EX ENDITURES .

El ectric Light I c e Uniforms Cartage of Fishe s and Tanks S tation ery and Books Fish Food Liv e S pe cimens Incid ental Exp e nses (ofﬁce ) Continge nci e s Ge ne ral S upplie s Mate rials for R e pairs and R e place me nts by D epart me ntal Labor n R e pairs and R e plac eme ts by Contract or O p e n O rde rs . Gas Balanc e un exp e nd e d

. O RAYMOND C SBURN , A ss t D ir ec t . or . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 57

A ua r ium Em r uuemeu ll h q p t I uu .

B . F . . . P N O . 1 R , R . D . .

Exhibit K .

R eve nue Bond Fund issue for alte rations a nd R epairs to Aquarium

P R EX ENDITU ES .

e e Charl s Will , Contract for above alte r a tions ’

O . m e mm H . Chap an , Archit ct s Co issions

e e e e e e e m e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Balanc availabl for xp nditur D c b r ,

. O JOHN J DELL ,

C hie B o k k ee e D e a tmen t o P a k s f o p r, p r f r , Ma n ha tta n a n c d R i hmon d .

1 1 9 1 1 . January ,

u i Aqua r ium Empr u emeut Zl uuh.

D N O . 4 . Corporate S tock C . . P .

Exhibit L .

RECEIPTS .

e a e e 1 9 09 Balanc avail bl , R port Pre m ium Corporate S tock Pre mium Corporate S tock

EXPENDITURES . 0 1 9 1 .

e 1 8 F bruary , Pay Roll 2 March , Pay Roll 9 M arch , Pay Roll e e e e m e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Balance available for Exp nditur D c b r ,

O JOHN J . DELL ,

C hi e B ook k ee e D e a tm en t o P a r k s f p r, p r f , n n i c m n d M a nha tta a d R h o . 1 J anuary , 58 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

Euhummeut Iﬁ h uu . M Exhibit . e 1 1 9 Cash in Tr asury, January , 1 0

S ec i a l S u b s c i ti on s : p r p RECEIPTS .

Jacob H . e e a e Cl v l nd H . Dodg S amue l Thorne e e a e G org F . B k a J . P . Morg n O gde n Mills e L vi P . Morton

E . e S . Harkn ss Andre w C a r n e g i E mily Tre vor

e G orge J . Gould

P e rcy R . Py ne m e S a u e l P . Av ry D John . Archbold M r s e e . m Fr d rick F . Tho pson e G e o . W . P rkins ’ Fr e d k e G . Bourn e T a l o H nry A . C . y e John L . Cadwalad r

S e re na Rhine lande r L i sp e n a r d S te wart S e Grant B . chl y S e me F . Augustus ch r rhorn

H e le n M . Gould .

D r e . me . Walt r B Ja s

C . N . Bliss

H . C . von Post Lloyd Pho e nix e Be a dl e ston Alfr d N . J r Woodbury G . Langdon 226 4550 0

e a e Ge n r l Fund , Transf r E ndowm e nt Fund Income Account Tr a nsfe r

I n v es tmen ts t e e e A S S O . 5 n e M t . W stch st r Racing % , First g Bonds e O e 6 2n d M t Clara N . Gib rt and th rs , % $500 0 par Color a do S outh e rn 4 % Bonds 500 0 par Michigan Air Line 4% Bonds

1 0 000 par N ew York City Bonds .

1 000 t . 0 par S . Paul , Minn Manitoba Bonds 5 S . S e e S 5000 0 par U . t l , inking Fund % Bonds

l . T e l T e . 4 o s 5000 0 par Am e rican . and % B nd o e S u b 4 2500 0 par Rh d Island . % Bonds 20 000 par N ew York City ( 1 9 58 ) 4% Bonds 1 0 000 par N e w York City ( 1 957) 4 % Bonds 1 0 000 par N ew York City ( 1 958 ) 4 %

4 s . e . en . 20 000 par Chicago N o . W st G % Bond Accrue d inte re st on s e curiti e s at tim e of purchas e e e em e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Cash balance uninve st d D c b r ,

. H . R . MITCHELL, PERCY R PYNE ,

l k T r ea su r e . C hi ef C er . r 1 1 1 9 1 . January , FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 59

ﬁ er ur iti ea (T mueh.

Exhibit N .

E N VVBI E N T DO FU N D .

e e We stche st e r Racing Association First Mortgage 5 pe r ce nt . Guarant d

Gold Bonds .

o e R . . a e 4 e r e . Colorado S uth rn y Co First Mortg g p c nt . Gold Bonds

e a R . R . a e 4 e r e . e . Michigan C ntr l C O . First Mortg g p c rit Air Lin Bonds

e S the N e w 1 9 57 4 e r e . Corporat tock of City of York, , p c nt

R O . e 4 er S t . a u e a a . C e P l , Minn polis M nitoba v Consolidat d Mortgag p

e . c nt Gold Bonds . a 5 e r e Unite d S t te s S te e l Corporation p c nt . S inking Fund Gold Bonds . m a a a e 4 e r e . . A e ric n T e le phone Te l e gr ph C O . Coll t ral Trust p c nt Bonds

4 e r e . . e a C O . e Rhod Isl nd S uburban R y . First Mortgag p c nt Gold Bonds

S the N ew 1 9 58 4 e r e . Corporate tock of City of York , , p c nt e S the N ew 1 9 58 a 4 Corporat tock of City of York, ( Rapid Tr nsit ) , er e p c nt . o e S the C it N ew 1 9 57 4 C rporat tock of v of York , ( Rapid Transit) , er p ce nt .

e R O 4 e r e . e e o . Chicago Northwe st rn y . C . p c nt G n ral M rtgage Bonds n d e 6 e r e e e M . e a . S cond Mortgag , Clara Gib rt oth rs , p c nt

INCOME ACCO UNT .

O m e e R . e m N ew v . C e me York , Lackawanna W st rn T r inal and I prov nt

4 er e . Bonds , p c nt

’ STOKES BI RD FUND .

e e 4 e r e . Illinois Central Railway Co . R funding Mortgag p c nt Gold

Bonds .

R . . R . H MITCHELL, PERCY PYNE ,

ie le k T ea s u e . C h f C r . r r r

1 1 9 1 1 . January ,

iEu hummeut Eﬁuuh Zﬂur ume A r r uuut.

Exhibit P .

RECEIPTS .

Inte re st from Endowme nt Fund

EXPENDITURES .

Transfe rre d to Endowm e nt Fund on account accrue d inte r e st ou se curiti e s paid at time of purchase

e e e . Y . Transfe rre d to Incom e Account accru d int r st on N , m a a t m e R . O e W . C . L . y T r in l Bonds paid ti of pur chas e

e e em e 3 1 1 9 1 0 Cash Balanc , D c b r ,

R . H . R . MITCHELL , PERCY PYNE ,

ler k T r ea su e . C hi ef C . r r

1 1 9 1 1 . January , 60 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

“ (t e Auhit (llnm a u a t h p g New T ur k .

T H E C ERT I FICAT ES O R R EPO RT S UPON AUDIT S O R EXAM IN AT IONS MAD E BY T H E AUDIT C O M PAN Y O F N E W YO RK A R E DE L IVER ED T O C LI EN T S W IT H T H E UN DERS T ANDIN G IN E AC H C AS E T HAT A N Y ADVERT IS EM E N T O R PUBL IC AT ION O F S UC H C ERT I FICAT ES O R R EPO RT S O R PUBL IS H ED REFEREN C E T H ERET O S HAL L BE IN A FO RM T O BE PP O ED BY T H E PRES ID EN T T H I P A R V O F S C O M AN Y .

D . E S . HUGH AUCHINCLOSS, Q , m mm Chair an, Auditing Co itte e ,

N ew S e York Zoological oci ty,

22 m e e Willia S tr t ,

N e w York City . DEAR S I R

e e e e we e e th Agr ably to your r qu st, hav audit d e books and a ccounts of the

N E W S the e e e em e 1 YORK ZOOLOGICAL OCIETY, for y ar nding D c b r 3 , 1 9 1 0 .

T he e a r e e e e e e e r sults of this audit pr s nt d, attach d h r to , in twe lve Exhibits

e e eme w of Cash R c ipts and Disburs nts , as follo s

GENERAL FUND INCOME ACCOUNT MAINTENANCE FUND GROUND IMPROVEM ENT FUND ANIMAL FUND ’ S TOKES B I RD FUND NATIONAL COLLECTION OF HEADS AND HORNS LIBRARY FUND AQUARIUM FUND E NDOWMENT FUND S ECURITIES O WNED — E NDOW MENT FUND INCOME ACCOUNT

T he Cash on hand as of th e date of our examination was counte d and found

T h ﬁ me e ﬁ e e e m he correct . e Cash on d eposit was con r d by c rti cat s r c e iv d fro t “ ” e T he e e e e e e m d positori es . s curiti s as call d for in Exhibit N w r also xa in ed and

e e the e e found as r port d by Tr asur r . W e c e rtify th a t the a ccompanying S tatem e nts a r e true Exhibits of th e a c

O f th e S e the e e the e e e e e en counts oci ty, with xc ption of xp nditur s shown to hav b m e the e n ot e e e ﬁ e ad through Park D epartm e nt . Th s e hav e b n v ri e d by us . T h “ m a r e e e e b D e e a ounts pr s nt d in Exhi it . and aggr gat and “ ” “ ” ’ the m m em e K L the e e Also Aquariu I prov nt Funds , Exhibits and of Tr asur r s

e a e ee ﬁ m e the me e . R port, h v not b n con r d for sa r ason W e have also examine d the Cash re c eipts and disburse me nts of the Privile ge

e me the e — m e e e m e 3 1 1 9 1 0 a n d e D part nt for tw nty four onths nding D c b r , , hav

e h e T he e ' o f e found them to b e corr ct a ccording to t e r cords . d tails th s e accounts a r e e e e cov r d in a s parate report .

e V ry truly yours , T H E A UDIT CO MPANY O F N E W YO R K

w . W N e . W . . Y o r k , A DUNNING, G H BO ERS ,

2 9 1 sid en S ec e a : 4 1 1 . P e t . t March , r r ry FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 6 1

N E W l 1 O st 1 9 1 . Y RK , April ,

T O the Pr esi d en t a nd Boa r d Of M a na g er s of T h e N ew Yor k Z oolog i ca l S o ci ety :

T h e und ersigned b eing a maj ority Of th e Auditing Commit tee Of th e N ew York Zoological Soci ety appointe d for th e year 1 1 1 e m ending D ecemb er 3 , 9 1 , in th e absence of th ir Chair an , e e e Mr . Hugh D . Auchincloss , who is abroad , h r by r port that th ey have examine d th e sp ecial audit Of th e books and accounts Of the N ew York Zoological Soci ety for th e year e nding D e r 1 1 9 1 0 e T h e m f N e cemb e 3 , , mad by Audit Co pany O w York , and a r e satisfied that th e same is a compreh ensive and compl ete audit of said books and accounts and sets forth cl early th e ex pen ditu r es and receipts Of th e various accounts and certifi es that cash on hand and on deposit has been counted and found corre ct ’ and that th e s ecuriti e s in which th e Soci ety s funds a r e invested e ee e m e e e hav b n xa in d and found as r port d , and that all th e a c f th e e e ee e e th e x counts O Soci ty hav b n v rifi d by sai d auditor , e e e e e e K T c pt c rtain xp nditur s shown on Exhibits D , and L of h e ’ e e e e Audit Company s r port , whi ch xp nditur s were mad e through th e Park D epartm ent , th e mon eys not passing through th e hands Of the Soci ety and which exp enditure s w e understand a r e checke d e a r e e e by th e Comptroll r and not v rifi d by this audit .

e e R esp ctfully submitt d ,

H S WILLIAM W ITE NILE ,

m n i a i r a . A u di ting C ommi ttee A ct ng C h

C . LEDYARD BLAIR .

64 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

e s nse it is therefor e quite fair to j udge every important col e t l ction by h e numb e r O f record or world - record sp ecimens it contains . A re cord head i s one which by reason O f its com S e e Of S e e e manding iz or oth r points p cial xc ll ence , i s entitled to ’ a place in every printe d list Of th e world s b e st S p ecim ens ; and a e h ad may thus stand as a record h ead without its being impli ed by that titl e that it i s the longest or largest O f all known sp e ci

e Of - m ns its kind . A w or ld r ecor d S p ecim en i s suppose d to b e , e according to all availabl information , th e longe st or large st of its kind in the world . T h e following list of th e more noteworthy record horns and antl e rs in th e N ational Coll ection i s Of interest

O O S S O A W RLD REC RD , FAR S KNOWN

e - Low r California Big Horn . e D rby Eland . e ee L ch Antelop e . G e e r at r Kudu . R OO i R ee dbuck . Ke nai Caribou . G rant Caribou . e N wfoundlan d Caribou . e ee M ul D r , (for spread ) . e ee Mul D r , (for l ength ) . e Sudan African El phant tusk , (for l ength ) .

Paciﬁc Walrus tusks .

S O O S FOR T H EC ND REC RD , E WORLD N O . 1 1 . Siar Argali .

- - 675 . e G Barr n round Musk Ox .

20 . 0 Arizona Wapiti . 42 1 . Springbuck , femal e . e e Sudan African El phant tusk , (for l ngth ) .

T h e two picture gall eri e s in th e Admini stration Building have already proven inad equate to contain t h e coll ection Of h eads e e e n f h e th e d t e e f e e . and horns , v n at O third y ar O its xist nc All th e walls a r e S O crowd ed with S p ecimens that a systematic a r e e rangement is at pre s ent quite impossibl e . It is imp rativ ly n ece ssary that a sp ecial building for th e collection should b e pro e v i ded , forthwith , in ord er that it may daily b e seen and enj oy d h e e by th e million s of p erson s who visit th e Park , and at t sam time that th e sp e cim ens may b e protecte d from dust and insect

- p ests by air tight cas e s Of glass . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 6 5

It is a satisfaction to b e abl e to report that th e coll ection contains a numbe r Of valuabl e gifts which were received from m e e e Engli sh sports n and fri nds , notably M ssrs . P ercy R a dclyffe ,

. . e . . e e F C S lous , R A Ward , W . H sk th Prichard , Rowland Ward a r h T h e and William J m a c . most notabl e acc essions of th e year were th e following : A white rhinoceros he ad from ex -Presid ent Roosevelt ; Af e e e e e m e e rican l phant h ad , d posit d by Sa u l Thorn ; bongo from N ew me . e m Ke Ja s L Clark ; Brunswick moos fro Edwin C . nt ; ﬁfty -nin e-inch Am erican elk from th e Iowa State University ; S e e e glaci er bear kin from G . Fr d ric Norton ; barasingha d er f m e and Congo buf alo fro Frank Hart ( Doyl stown , Pa . ) and from deRh a m the e e S e me Mr . H . Casimir following rar and choic p ci ns : 2 m e f K r lin 2 Astor markhor , Hi alayan ib x , Indian buf alo , a e S e e e e e - - sheep , Turk estan h e p, sabl ant lop , barr n ground musk ox and Newfoundland caribou .

ATTENDANCE OF VIS ITORS

. h e T h e attendance of visitors at t Zoological Park , as shown T e e . h e by th e turnstil e re cords , app ars b low total shows that the attendance during 1 9 09 was incre ase d by th e Hudson - Fulton C el ebration to th e n umb er O f abo ut

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total for th e year

DEPARTMENT OF M AMMALS

m . m L . William T Hornaday, Curator ; Ray ond Dit ars , Assistant Curator

Notwi t hstanding the fact that th e O pe ning O f th e year 1 9 1 0 e e e found all our in stallations for mammals d n s ly populat d , and 6 6 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

PO LAR BEAR S ILVE R KI N G IN T HE N EW Q UART ERS E R ECT ED FO R HIM IN T HE

Z O O LO GICAL P AR K.

K TR AN S FE RRI N G S ILVE R KI N G T O HIS P E RMAN ENT Q UARTE R S IN T HE Z O O LO GIC AL PAR . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 67

e e m e with v ry littl roo availabl for additions , many opportuniti es e e th e e e e to str ngth n coll ctions w r d eemed too good to b e lost . T h e most note worthy accession Of th e year was th e gift O f e f - - Mr . Paul J . Rain y , consi sting O six white fronted m usk ox e e me e W calv s from Ell s r Land , two young Atlantic alrus , two

- e on e e . th e m x n polar b ars and blu fox Of usk o calve s , o e ar e e ld riv d b aring an O wound , from which it died S hortly after ar T e e e K . h e e rival larg st polar b ar , call d Silv r ing , i s - probably th e only fully-adult mal e b ear Of its sp e ci e s eve r capture d alive e T and brought uninj ur d to a zoological park . h e strength and e m e e e ferocity of this hug ani al r nd r d its transfer , in a ﬂimsy t e S th e e e cage , from h hip to Park , a matt r attend d with con sid e S e er a b l e danger , l e st th e b ar hould t ar its way out O f its cage and the e u se - e scap e . B ut for lib ral of chloroform in half way ane s e th etiz ing th e b ear whil in transit , th e troubl e some captive might n have earn e d for himself a tragic e d . For Silve r King it was n e cessary to construct with all pos sibl e haste a small cage which can b e cl ean ed wholly from with e e m a n e e e me out , b e cause n ith r nor b ast v r can co within that ’ T b ear s S ph ere of influ ence without b eing quickly de stroye d . h e othe r n ew polar be ar could b e accommodated only in on e Of the e e e e em outside cage s O f th e Lion Hous , wh r it will hav to r ain

e e a r e e e e . until th e ten n ew b ear d ns , now und r contract , r ct d - e T h e femal e musk ox from M elville Island , purchas d in 1 9 09 , T h e e e e e e . continu e s to thrive , and has mad xc ll nt growth pr s e nt he rd of S ix musk-ox is on e Of th e greatest rariti es to b e found e th e e e e e one on exhibition , but unfortunat ly in ntir lot th r is only

T ﬁ e S e me e e e . e e ee femal e . h e v p ci ns pr s nt d by M r Rain y hav b n e e e f maintained in pe rfe ct h ealth , and w e b li v that all O t hem will live to maturity . m e e T he young walrus a rrived in a uch maciat d condition , e e e ee e but thanks to th e j udicious car b stow d upon it by its k p r , e O f it quickly b egan to acc ept food . Its r gular food consists —soft em e e m e ﬁsh . S helled clams , suppl nt d by a s all quantity of fr sh cod

e ee e . e e ee Of th e form er , it partak s with k n r lish For s v ral w ks f e th e walrus consumed twenty pounds O food p r day , and gained - r in weight at th e rate Of three quarte rs of a pound p e day . Upon e em e 1 0 1 9 1 0 the m e e 1 50 a r r i v a l , on S pt b r , , ani al w igh d pounds ,

1 4 1 9 1 1 e e 23 5 . and on January , , it w igh d pounds

T h e walrus i s quartere d at th e north en d of th e Alligator e e Pool n ear th e e astern en d O f th e R eptil Hous , and it has sur , v iv ed th e winte r without any apparent di scomfort . 68 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

PE CT CL ED BE R S A A .

P s nt d b Ed a r B c h r B o ns o n re e e y g ee e r .

Among th e m ost noteworthy accessions O f the ye ar w ere th e : e e e e t following a pair of lands , pr s nt d by he Duke of B e dford ; a

- - two y ear Old sp ectacl e d be ar , ( Ur sns or na tu s ) , presente d b y e Edgar B eech er Bronson ; three sol nodons , from Hayti , presented

m . . n e by Mr . and Mrs . Franklin Ada s , of Washington , D C ; o e e th e e m O f m e sol enodon , d posit d by Mus u Co parativ Zoology , f e e l e . O eo Cambridg , Mass ; a pair young Sib rian tig rs , a snow p S ee - ard , a Congo itatunga , two chimpanz s , an orang utan , a chacma baboon and two wand eroo monk eys . ’ T h e greate st rarity Of th e year s accessions was th e half grown mal e spectacl ed bear that w e ow e to th e enterprise an d FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 69

m eme e th e f good anag nt , as w ll as good will , O Mr . Edgar B eech er “ ” O f e e Bronson , author Through Clos d T rritory . For th e past t en years our efforts to s e cure a sp ecime n O f this rare st Of all American b ears have b een pe rsi stent and continuous ; but until th e e e e e pr s nt y ar , unsucc ssful . In Q uito , E cuador , Mr . Bron 8 0 1 e u S m e e th e 1 obtain d for a lusty young al b ar , and through O f e O f th e m er G good f ic s A ican Consuls at uayaquil and Panama ,

e . e m . e G . e e M ssrs H r an R Di trich and Alban Snyd r , coupl d with th e e e e c o-O e Of th e m e m m xc ll nt p ration Pana a St a ship Co pany , e e e e I n our priz b ar r ach d us most p erfe ct condition . This sp e ci e s i s remarkable for two things : its extraordinary e - rarity in coll ctions , and th e two huge dull white circl e s that sur th e e e e a f S e e round y s , lik pair O p ctacl s magniﬁ e d about six T h e e e f m e e . O th e m e e dia t rs g n ral color ani al is a d ns , glossy e a r e black , but ther bold white markings on th e cheeks and w e a r e e throat . S O far as aware , thi s S p cimen i s th e ﬁrst live sp ectacl ed b ear that has eve r been exhibited in North Am erica ; and it is doubtful wh eth er th ere is to- day even on e sp ecim en alive e e e O f th e e in all E urop . S v ral tours E urop an zoological gard ens S e 1 8 9 6 e e e e one S e e m e inc , hav r v al d only p cim n , at A st rdam , in 1 9 02 BIRTHS DURIN G YEAR 1 9 1 0

T h e e 1 9 1 0 th e m mm birth rat during , in a al coll ection , has e e th e e e b een ntir ly satisfactory , with xc ption that among th e de er and b ears births have been S O numerous as to cause serious embarrassm ent . In several coll ections w e have b een compell e d to prevent breeding in ord e r to keep from overcrowding our a c comm oda ti on s for animals . T h e list Of births for th e year is as follows :

1 . Axi s D ee r . Rocky Mountain G oat

2 e e . 1 Sika D eer . P rsian Ib x

2 m . 1 Hog D eer . Hi alayan Tahr

2 . 3 Fallow D eer . Aoudad M ﬂ n 1 ou o . 6 Eld D ee r .

2 e e . 3 Barasingha D ee r . P ccari s 2 6 R ed D eer . Hyrax .

2 e . 1 Altai Wapiti . G rizzly B ars 3 e 7 Am erican Elk . Hybrid Russian and Brown B ars .

- 1 e e e . 2 White Tail e d D eer . Litt r Timb r Wolv s 1 e m e . 2 Mul e D eer . Litt r Com on Coyot s 1 - e e . 1 Congo Sitatunga . Litt r Black Back d Jackals 1 e e e 1 Nylghai . Litt r Egyptian Porcupin Mic . 4 - e em 6 Am e rican Bi son . Ring Tail d L urs . 70 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

In the mammal coll ection th e loss e s by d eath have b een very T . he e e e e e e triﬂing only not worthy d partur s w r an ag d kiang, e e e a B ngal tig r and a Bak r roan antelope . T h e gen e ral physical condition Of th e mammals has been e . e e e ee e e v ry satisfactory Th r hav b n no pid mics , and th e im portant animals have b een kept in a state Of h ealth S O plainly a p a e ee e e p r nt that it has b n a pl asur to look at them . T h e census for th e close of th e year i s as follows :

MAM MALS OF T HE ZOOLOGICAL PARK

’ O s b or n s la s si ca ti ( C ﬁ on . )

e Sp e ci s . MARS UPIALIA 6 INS ECTIVORA 1 CARNIVORA 67 Pinnipe dia 2 RODENTIA 46 EDENTATA 3 PRI MATES 4 1 ARTIODACTYLA (Even - to ed Ungulate s ) 60 PERIS S ODACTYLA ( Odd - To e d Ungulate s ) 1 0 PROBOS CIDEA 3 HYRACOIDEA 1

Total

T H - E ECONO M IC RODENT REPTILE COLLECTIO N .

A S an answ er to a frequ ent que stion f what u se a r e r e — O p tile s a new coll ection has b een install e d in th e R eptil e Hous e .

e e e e e e e . It i s suppli e d with de scriptiv lab ls , and s rv s s v ral purpos s In th e ﬁrst place th er e i s pre sente d an elaborate seri es Of th e e n e Of th e S e e Of small gnawing animals , or rod nts , a umb r p ci s which a r e highly inj urious to the intere sts O f agri culturi sts ; sec e e e e e Of e e e on dly , th xhibition contains a larg s ri s thos sp ci s of — e e snake s that prey upon th e d estructive rod ents , thus pr s nting

e m e . for O bservation the s erp ents of marked cono ic valu Finally , th e entir e seri e s stands as a cl ear d emonstration Of th e p erfect logic of Nature in which th e production Of a ll animal life is care fully balanced ; for a part Of th e exhibition i s composed of r ep r e e th e ser senta tiVe S pe ci e s Of mammals that , in turn , pr y upon p ents thus keeping even th e d estroyers Of the small e r inj urious , " creature s within bounds

* R e port pr epar e d by Curato r Ditmars .

72 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

MICE AN D RATS M nr ida e ) e th e e Unusual Color Phas s of Dom stic Mouse . M u s mu s cu lu s e e Japan s Waltzing Mouse M u s mu s cu lu s R Black at . M . ns r a ttu s - - Black and White Rat M i i . s nor w eg i cn s G ray-and - White Rat M . u S nor w eg icns Porcupine ouse M . A c omys ca hi r ini ts gyptian G erbill e er r E . G bi llns p y a midu m Musk Rat Fi b er z i b e thicns otton Rat C . S ig modon Ii i spidi ts

JERBOAS (D ip odi da e ) G e e er r at r J b oa D ip ns a eg yp ti ns COYPU AN D S PINY RATS ( O c todon tida e ) M Coypu Rat . y oca stor c oypn Hutia : Cuban Tree Rat C a p r omy s pilor id es Short-Taile d Hutia C a p r omys b r owni PORCUPINES (Hy s tr i c ida e )

Canada Porcupin e . E r e thi zon d or sa tns B razilian Porcupine S p hi ng u r u s p r eh ens ili s e r African Porcupin . Hys t ix cr is ta ta

‘ VI S CACHAS A N D CHINCHILLAS ( C hin c hilli da e ) Vi scacha L a g os toma tr i choda c tylns AGOUTIS (D a syp r oc tida e ) G olden Agouti D a syp r octa a g ou ti G ray Agouti D a syp r oc ta p r ymn olop ha CAVIES ( C a viida e ) Dom estic Cavy C a v ia p or cellu s Capybara Hydr ochoer u s ca py ba r a Patagonian Cavy D oli choti s p a ta g oni ca

T HE INS ECT COLLECTIO N th e e f f Through diligent f orts O Mr . Ditmars and Keep er e e e e Charl s Snyd r, a coll ction of ins cts was form ed and place d on e e f e xhibition during th e arly summ er O the past year . Whil this e e e e e e e ﬁrst xhibit was not laborat , it xcit d such int r st that it was f d ecide d to enlarge it , by taking advantage O th e season which m th en was at its b est for insect collecting . Mr . Dit ars reports upon this collection as follows : “ A s eri es Of long sh elve s was built in th e pavilion b etween

- e th e e - th e Small Mammal Hous and Ostrich Hous , and thirty ﬁv e - f glass fronted cages , togeth er with a row O aquaria for aquatic m e f e e e e e . O e e sp ecim ns , w r install d A nu b r coll cting trips w r FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 73

CAPT URI N A YO UN ATLANTIC WALR U G G S .

R a in Ex di i n ey p e t o .

YO UN ATLANTIC WALR US IN T HE Z O O LO IC AL P R G G A K. 74 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY mad e into th e country within a radius Of twenty-fiv e mil e s O f th e u e city , with s ch mark d succe ss that by th e middle Of July th e col l e ction was pronounc ed by a numb e r Of visitors to equal in i h ter e st any exhibition Of the kind h eretofore attempte d in this e country , or in E urop . In vi ew Of th e m arked intere st cr eated the by thi s display , insect coll e ction will h er e afte r b e a p erma e e e f n nt f atur O the Park . “ There a r e S O many possibiliti e s in exhibiting living ins ects e e that it was difficult to s l ct groups to feature for th e summer . T h e e e e e e first st ps , how v r , w r dire cte d toward exhibiting a s eri e s “ ” O f th e fe e e dif r nt ins cts that S ing , and also a s eri e s Of sp eci e s th e e e Of th e inj urious to int r sts agriculturi sts , togeth er with a m e Of e O f e m nu b r ins cts cono ic valu e . T h e coll ection Of S inging ins ects was such a marke d s ucces s that it will b e con ti nue d dur th e m T ing co ing summ er . h e oth er fe atures will b e change d e e few ee th v ry w ks during e warm season . W e a r e now gath e ring from both th e Old World and th e N ew fi e , a ne coll ction O f th e larger S ilk moths . T h e cocoons will b e S hown on panels, and inasmuch as a numbe r Of the moths will b e em e e S e th e rging daily , this xhibit hould b popular . D uring winte r th e insect coll ection i s mad e up largely Of tropical sp e ci es ;

- and in thi s s eri es w e include th e large bird killing spid ers , seor e e e e e r e e pions and centip ed e s , ven though th s cr atur s a not to b classifi ed as tru e in sects . “ T h e colle ction Of S inging in sects of the past summ e r was e e e e e- e e compose d Of th e m eadow locust , gr at r and l ss r con h ad d K — - e e e e e locusts , th e aty did , broad wing d locust , fi ld crick t , l ss r - e e S e e O f ee fie ld crick et , smooth wing d crick t and two p ci s tr crick f e e S e m e th e e ets . Th ere w ere about iv hundr d p ci ns in coll ction , an d at tim es th e ‘ n oi se mad e by th em was S O great that vi sitors T he had to S hout to on e anoth er to mak e th eir own voice s cl ear . sounds coming from this collection vari e d according to th e time e th e e e th e e Of day . It was lat in aft rnoon , wh n larg r locusts comm e nced th eir S inging (which is continu ed throughout th e th e S e e e e et night ) , and inasm uch as strictly diurnal p ci s w r y

e e e . active , th e ins ct chorus was quit vocif rous “ It was only with considerabl e difficulty that th e S inging in m e e th e e s ects we re coll e cte d . I t i s i possibl to captur larg r e a r e ee Of e e locusts during th e day , for th y k n sight and , whil th y e s e m e b egin singing late in th e afternoon , th ir song i int r itt nt , T h e and stops as soon as th ey note th e presence Of th e coll ector . e th e e th e b est tim e to capture them is at night , wh n coll ctor stalks e e e loud e st S ingers , and by approaching within d ﬁnit inv stigating distance can accurately locate th e insects by bringing into u se , FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 75

e e ﬂ a sh - T an l ctric lamp . h e glare Of the light usually cause s th e e ins ct to stop its calls , but it remains motionl e ss upon a branch e m a b e e e e O f e or l af and y grasp d with a d licat pair forc ps , pro ’ v i ded th e movements O f th e collector s arm a r e p erform e d out e th e f sid rays O light . If th e locust has b ecome S il ent and cannot b e e e e e th e h d t ct d wh n light is thrown upon it , t e coll ector S imply e O ff th e em e fe switch s light and . r ains qui t . In a w minute s th e e e e e e cr atur continu s its song , wh n its xact location is again de ter mine d . e Working in this mann r , th e capture Of th e larger singing inse cts i s a comparatively S impl e matter to one S kill ed in d etecting such creature s . What th e coll ector looks for I S not th e ’ e e th e ins ct s body , which in color match s surrounding vegetation , h e but t long , waving antenna e . These m a y b e imm ediately de

- tected by th e train ed eye , whil e th e outlin e s O f th e l eaf gree n a r e e eme see e th e body xtr ly hard to unl ss locust is moving . In

' ni t e f e a r e this way th e g h songst rs O a big m adow collected , one e e S by on e , and th e coll ector l av s behind him a il ent ﬁ eld that a few hours before resound ed with th e stridulations Of th e inse ct chorus . “ h e e K - the e e O ur search for t elusiv aty did , loud st sing r of

me e e . th e local locusts , was for a ti quit unsucc ssful Judging from th e many qu eri e s concerning this tree-top songster O f th e e e t e e f in late summ er , without this S p ci s h coll ction O singing e S e me e e s e cts would have appeared incompl ete . Som p ci ns w r

th e e e e . located in high tree s , along roads of W stch st r County In an end ea vor to g et th em a swivel searchlight was mounted on ee- m e e b e an automobile , but a tr cli bing xp dition was found to h e e e e e much more difﬁcult than stalking in t op n m adows , b caus in th e former th e swaying Of th e branch es caused th e locusts to stop S inging before th e investigator could g et n ear enough to e w e O e discover thei r exact Whe reabouts . By good fortun btain d e e th e S e e a numb e r Of S pecimens from Sullivan County , wh r p ci s was found living in small saplings and easily collecte d with th e

- e em e the e e ﬂ a sh lamp . During August and S pt b r Park r sound d S e e with th e characteristic calls Of this S p eci e s , many p cim ns of which w e liberated . “ e e e e e th e Among th e more inte re sting ins cts xhibit d , w r e e e e Of th e O f th e walking stick , s v ral xampl s big praying mantis , e r ed— e Of th e th e tropics , th e hug wing d locust South , Egyptian me scarab th e luminous b eetl e Of C entral and outh A rica , and a , S T h e e O f th e number Of broods of S ilk worms . lif hi story mosquito was demonstrate d by a seri e s of tanks , and adj oining e th e se was an exhibit of the natural enemi e s Of the se p ests . O n of the most popular feature s Of th e coll ection was th e seri e s of 76 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

S th e l a I v a e O f e e O f tanks howing various sp ci s dragon ﬂi es , or T h mosquito hawks . e larvae O f th e se inse cts fed daily upon th e

e . th e e O f living mosquito larva At clos th e ye ar , with th e col e e th e e e l ction wint ring in R ptil House , th e most intere sting fea ture is a large femal e bi rd -killing spid er from outh Am erica , S , h er e - S h e with g g cocoon , which guards most care fully . T h e insect coll ection i s suppli ed with inte re sting descriptive labels . D uring th e latte r part of th e com i ng spring it will b e em e th e e e e e e the r ov d from R ptil Hous , wh r , during winter , the e O f e ee numb r its cag s has b n much re duced , and re placed in th e e e th e quart rs occupi d during summ e r O f 1 9 1 0 .

DEPARTMENT OF BIRDS

L e a e S . a m e S e . Crand ll , Acting Curator ; u l S tac y, H e ad K ee p e r th e e th e During past y ar , in absence O f th e Curator , th e ef forts O f this department have b een ex erted toward maintaining th e e th e Of e e coll ction at high point xc ll ence previ ously attaine d , and also in striving to advance its standing both in specie s and in

S e m e . e e e O f e p ci ns In all th s lin s activity , xc ell ent re sults have ee e e th e b n achi v d , and Acting Curator i s entitl e d to g reat cre dit the refor . T h e growth of th e bird coll ections during the year i s r ep re sente d by 1 0 7 n ew S pe ci e s and 1 3 3 S p e cim ens that have been th e e e f e e add ed . With xc ption O ight portabl e cag s that were e th e S e the e e f th e e plac d in public pac at w st sid O O strich Hous , n ew a c comm da tion s e e no O for birds w r provid ed , th e gain in sp eci e s having been effe cte d chi e ﬂy by decreasing th e number Of

S pe cimens Of several S p eci es and introducing others . e e r N O epid emics hav occurr d , and th e death rate has e m main ed at its custo ary low point . e e m e ee S e e A s eri es of wild ge s , nu b ring nin et n p ci s , was ar e ranged in systemati c orde r in the Duck Aviary , and anoth r

- f e e e S e e m e game bird seri es , consisting O l v n p ci s of A rican quail , f t e - e e e was exhibited in th e G lass Court O h e Larg Bird Hous , wh r e h e it h a s attracte d much attention from sportsm n , as well as t gen eral public . Among th e most conspicuous acce ssion s a r e three greater P r i s e a a f e e birds Of paradise, ( a a d a p od ) , and a pair O s cr tary

er r i n s s er en ta r ins . e e e e a c birds , (S p en ta p ) Both sp ci s w r e e O f e a r e e quired by purchase , and from v ry point Vi w of gr at e a r e e e e inte rest . T he birds Of paradi s not at pr s nt in poss ssion O f th e brilliant yellow plume s that a r e th eir chi ef feature of

e e d u e e . b eauty , but th e se will b e d ev lop d in s ason e Well worthy Of note among th e bi rds n ew to th e coll ction , FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 77 a r e e e m thos s nt fro Asia by Curator B eebe , including Javan e G a llns v a r ins e v r i j ungl fowl , ( ) hybri d Javan j ungl fowl , ( G . a a s l n G . a l s . x g var dom . ) and Nicobar pigeons , ( C a loena s ni co ba r i ca ) T h e hybrid fowl a r e ve ry inte re sting in th e posse ssion O f e e - e a larg m dian throat wattl , and two rudimentary late ral one s . T h e collection now contains three Of th e four known sp eci e s Of e —r ed G a llns a l ns nn j ungl fowl , ( g l ) S o er a t , (G . s onn er a ti ) and

’ i a r ii i s . Javan , ( G . ) e e th e e By xchang with Zoological Soci ty of London , many e e e e e int r sting birds hav be n r ceived , including th e S onn er a t j un le G a llns s onn er a ti e S e e r g fowl , ( ) paradi s h ldrak , ( C a sa ca c a r i e a ta e e e C a lo elia a el a - g ) , Schl g l dov , ( p p l ) , and black tail ed galli e Mi cr otr i b n x v e r i s nul , ( o y n t a l ) e Not particularly showy as xhibits , but of surpassing value th e e a r e th e r e - to stud nt , d faced and stria te d coli e s , ( C olins r t r ome ow s r e y h l and C . t i a tu s ) . The se a r e birds Of small siz e f e and dull coloration , but O remarkabl structure and habits . e They a r e abl e to direct forward ith er two , three or four to es , at will " e — Two handsome speci s of cran es th e Manchurian , ( Gr i ts s h e e- e e Ps eu do er a nns l enca n ch en ja p on ensi ) and t whit n ck d , ( g ) , e em e m e were Obtain d , and an att pt i s b ing ad to acclimatize them th e A n ti on e a n ti in th e Cran e Paddock with Indian sarus , ( g

e . g on e ) , and th e whooping cran An unusually large seri es of S hore birds collecte d by mem e e e Piso bi a ma cu a ta bers Of th e d epartm nt , includ s p ctoral , ( l ) , — es nsi l ns e e P semi palmate d , (E r enn et p l ) and l ast sandpip rs , ( . e x echns v oci emi s e - e minntilla ) killdee r plov r , ( O y f ) and y llow l gs , N u meni u s hnds oni cns ( T ota nu s ﬂa vip es ) . Hudsonian , ( ) , and - e e e u a ta r ola e c u r low N . a r u a ta " , S q E urop an , ( q ) black b lli d plov r ( e e - e Ha ema to u s a llia s qu a ta r ola ) , and Am rican oyst r catch r , ( p p tns ) w ere add e d by purchase . e e m C r tnmts ci n Oth er important additions w r , cinna on , ( yp il ea tns e T i na mns na momen s ) pil eated , ( C . p ) and gr at tinamou , ( r e e e Pil er odi ns i lea tns e e ma jo ) , pil at d h rons , ( p ) , l ss r vasa par r a C a su a r iu s a rot, ( C or a c op sis nig ) and papuan cassowary , ( n K e e e e e-e e e V . pu a na s ) . Mr . nyon Paint r pr s nt d two whit y A r ta mi i s su er ci li osns on e m e browe d wood swallows , ( p ) and ask d er s ona tns e e th e wood swallow , (A . p ) , notabl as b ing only pas e - e e rin e birds that a r e known to posse ss powd r down patch s . e O f e e me Observations concerning a numb r xp ri nts in color , e ee e th e e institute d by th e Curator , hav b n continu d during y ar , and much data O btain ed . T h e Dire ctor take s pl easure in expre ssing th e satisfaction of 78 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY th e Ex ecutive Committee and himself in the standard of exc el l ence that has b een maintain e d throughout th e year in th e D e a r tment f p O Birds .

CENS U S OF BIRDS LIVING I N T HE ZOOLOGICAL PARK Ja n u a r 1 1 9 1 1 e me . y , S p e cie s . S p ci ns e e Rh iform s , Rh eas 1 e Struthioniform s , O strich es 2 m e me e 3 Casuari ifor s , E us and Cassowari s .

Tinamiformes , Tinamous 5 G e e 76 alliform s , Q uail and Ph asants . m e Colu biform s , Pigeons and Doves 58 R a llifor mes 1 , Coots and G allinul e s . 5 L r if r es a o m , G ulls and Te rns 1 2 e Colymbiform s , Loons 1 m e Charadriifor s , Plove rs and Sandpip ers 1 9 e 1 m e e e e t . 5 G ruifor s , Cran s , S ri mas , c . A r deifor me s e e 1 7 , Ibis s , Storks and H rons Pa la edeifor mes e e 2 m , Scr am rs en e e m e 2 Pho i copt riform s , Fla ingo s 9 e e ee e . 5 Ans riform s , Swans , G s and D ucks r i if r e e 6 C a tha t d o mes, N w World Vultur s e P el ecaniform es , Cormorants and P licans 8 e e Accipitriform s , Hawks and Eagl s ; Old World Vultures e Strigiform s , Owls

Psittaciform es , Parrots , Macaws and Cockatoos 71 Kin ﬁsh er s 5 Coraciiforme s , g and Hornbills 1 Trogoniform es , Trogons 5 Cuculiform es , Touracos and Cuckoos 1 2 Scansore s , Toucans e e 6 Piciform e s , Woodp ck rs e Pass eriforme s , Thrush s , Sparrows and 3 3 4 a ll P e rching Birds . .

Totals ‘ 772

2 6 O rd ers . G ain ove r 1 9 0 9 DEPARTMENT OF REPTILES

m e E . S e e e e e . Raymond L . Dit ars , Curator ; Charl s nyd r , H ad K p r ’ A successful featur e Of last year s exhibits was th e s eri e s of economic reptil e s displaye d in conn ection with an elaborate ex

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 8 1

T he most important loss that occurred during th e year was our Old e st specimen Of th e king cobra which was purchas e d in 1 8 9 9 me e e th e , im diat ly aft r e R ptil e House was ready to rece ive th e e T h coll ction . e snak e di e d of a glandular disease that was e e e e e d tect d four y ars ago . W had s veral tim e s tak en thi s dan g er ou s serpe nt from th e cage and remove d swoll en glands from ' ’ T e th e throat . h reptil e s d e ath was caus ed by th e suppuration f - e O a gland too d eep s ated for tr eatm ent . ortunately w e have F — , a ﬁne substitute for th e big cobra , and this spe cim en now about — ten feet long occupi e s th e cage Of th e original feature O f our seri e s of poisonous serpents . T h e coll ection Of local r eptile s was greatly strength ened by e th e t e a coll ecting trip mad by Curator during h past summer . ’ Two weeks work in th e mountain s of Sullivan County re sulted i n f e e T en e th e capture O about thr e hundr d snakes . sp ci es wer e e e e e -fou r ' r a ttle represente d in th e seri s . By this xp dition tw nty e snak es wer e add e d to th e coll ction . i Contin uing his O bs ervations on th e occurrence Of . pO sonou s snake s in th e eastern state s , th e curator and his assi stant , e e e e e O f th e m th e Charl e s Snyd r , inv stigat d s v ral ountains in B erkshire region and note d numerous l edges where rattl e snake s e e e were abundant . Thi s work i s b ing carri d on with a vi w to th e publication Of a m a p S howing localiti e s wh ere dangerous r ep u e e th e m e e e til es a r e frequ ently enco nt r d , and any and xt nsiv e e e areas in which th ey a r e se ldom or n eve r found . Fr qu nt qu r ies on this subj ect S how it to b e well worth inve stigation and re por t . T h e census for th e year i s as follows :

Speci e s . Chelonia 3 9 Crocodilia 6 Lacertilia 3 0 Ophidia 54 Amphibians 1 9

Total 1 48 S UM MARY OF COLLECTIO NS

Sp eci e s . Mammals 240 Birds 772 1 48 R eptil e s and Amphibians .

Total Increase over 1 9 09 82 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

GROUND I MPROVEMENTS AN D MAINTENANCE WORK OF T HE DE PART M E N T OF CONS TRUCTI ON AN D FORE S TRY

e m W . e e e H r an M rk l , Chi f Constructor and Foreste r .

T h e most important work Of our own ground improvement force for th e year 1 9 1 0 was th e removal of th e Old Moose Hous e and th e building O f the yards and fence s for th e n ew Wild Hors e e e t e installation . Corral f nc s to h extent Of 60 0 lin eal feet were T - e re cte d on iron posts set in con crete . About square feet - O f tar macadam paving was put down along th e corral fence s ,

and surrounding th e buildings . T h e Old S h elte r hous e that for th e e R e e e m erly stood in Moos ang was car fully tak n down , and - S e e e e f h r e e rected as a h lt r hous for wild hors s . On account O t e - e f h e e h r e arrangem nt O t int rior , t e great number Of n ew doors e e and windows consid r ed n ec ssary , and b e cause th e building

originally stood on sloping ground , whil e it now st ands on a l evel e e e foundation , much mor work was n c ssary than at ﬁrst had b een Of th e e e th e anticipated . On account uns ttl d conditi on of plans e th e e e th e for th e Z ebra Hous , f nc s of corrals facing this building T he have not b een e re cte d . total cost of our work on this instal lation was and eve rything is now in a good state O f h e e e f th e e e preparation for t r ction O Z bra Hous , and its yards .

‘ the n ew the e Around Comfort Station , on El phant Walk ,

‘ f e e e e th e e T about 600 yards O soil w r us d in r grading surfac . W O n ew walks and a new pip e- lin e were built and th e building planted

out with evergreens , mostly h emlock , taken from our border f e plantation . T h e cost O this work amount d to

T h e macadam p a v mg Of th e yards east of th e Small - D ee r House had b een S O badly loosened by th e hoofs Of th e animals that

th e yards pres ented a very untidy app earance , th e loose ston e was ’ hard on th e animals feet and th e yards could n ot b e cl eane d satis r i e e e e e e e fa cto ly . It b cam absolut ly n c ssary to cov r thos yards f e ee e e w with concrete , O which squar f t w r put do n , at a 1 T e e f th e total cost Of $5 5 . h yards w st O building , that were pave d with tar- macadam at th e tim e of th e construction Of th e e em building , a r e in a v ry sati sfactory condition , and will r ain

S O for many years . t At th e Boat-House a storm -door portico was ere cted in fron e e h e O f th e main entrance , to serv as a prot ction both to t build

ing and its patrons .

T h e un exp ected gift Of two polar bears by Mr . Paul Rain ey e n n ece ssitate d th e erection of a n ew and very strong b ar de , FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 8 3

e e e which could b cl aned from without . A cage to m eet th most urgent requirem ents was hurri edly plann ed by th e Director and ’ e Chi f Constructor , and ere cted in two weeks tim e by our ground m em e f r e e e . i prov nt forc , und r th e direction O Mr . d W ellwo th m e e Although s all , thi s cag is not bad looking, it i s v ry strong and e e w ll suit d to its purpose , and its cost was only T h e important S pace on Baird Court north and east Of th e Primate House that n ever b efore had b een prop erly grade d and e e - pav d , was surfac d with tar macadam at a cost O f about $1 0 0 . T h e grass plot surrounding th e Administration Building was covered with soil , grad e d and s ee d e d . A S soon as th e contract th e work for surrounding coping was compl ete d , th e iron fence e bought last y ar for th e front of thi s plot was erecte d thereon . T h e planting O f eve rgreens north and south O f th e n ew building th e em e e - was compl eted early in the spring . In bas nt stor rooms O f th e building many small improvem ents in th e line Of additional painting and carp entry work were made . O utsid e Of th e work done at th e Administration Building and ew m h e e m n Co fort Station , t planting consist d ostly of additional shade tree s though som e small additions were made to th e rho d oden dr on s in B eave r Vall ey and to th e planting surrounding th e th e e e f th e Concourse . Thi s , with xc ption O usual number Of e small misc ellan eous ground improv m ent items , such as the ere c tion of guard rails and fence s , th e building of various small cages - e ee a n d a sh elter house in th e White Tail d D r corral , compl etes e e e th e record Of ground improv m ent work for th y ar .

M AINTENANCE AN D REPAIRS T h e amount O f work n ecessary to maintain in good condition ell th e great number O f animal installations and buildings , as w as th e in di stributing food suppli es , cl eaning and policing grounds , ﬂ w er pruning and S praying tree s , and maintaining lawns and o

e e e th e m e e e . b eds , at times thr at n d to swamp aint nanc forc O f th e e Of th e When it b ecam e n ecessary , on account gr at drought m e e O f e - e p ast sum r , to run a numb r additional wat r pip s , and do

e th e e e e e e e . a gre at deal O f wat ring , xtra burd n was s v r ly f lt Another unusual tax on th e maintenanc e force was caused by e th e e e e t h e stoppage of th e main sew r from El phant Hous , ast e e w s S O m e e w ard Of th e El ephant Walk . This s w r a co pl t ly clogge d that th e cellars O f th e Lion House and El ephant Hous e e e e e o m e . _ e e , y. t p w r badly ﬂood d It b cam n c ssary not onl" u p out ' “ sewer 1 8 fe et e th e t hose buildings , but also to dig down to a b low em e th e m e r e s urface Of th e ground , r ov obstructing at rials , and 84 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

e e e ee - plac n arly a hundr d f t of very poorly lai d pipe . This work e e e was carri d on und r high pr ssure , almost continuously day and night , until fini sh ed . T h e struggl e to maintain cl eanlin e ss and ord erly conduct m ee a ong visitors has b n long and continuous , as has also been th e fight against fore st fires . Only seven arre sts were mad e dur th e e e m a n s n ing y ar by Sp cial Patrol an V Ben ch ote , but it i s e e e e gratifying to r port that in v ry cas a conviction was Obtained . In th e repairs and replacem e nt of cage work it has been our constant aim to eliminate as far as possibl e the n ece ssity for t e f further repairs by h substitution O concrete for wood , and by f th e installation O stronge r cage work . T h e condition of th e various heating plants n ece ssitate d a f e vast a mount O f r epair work , a list O which i s includ d h erewith , in orde r that th e s eriousn e ss O f this feature Of our annual work e e e Of th e e e m S may b e appre ciat d . B caus law that do s not p r it u th e e w e e to s el ect for any new building furnac that most d sire , w e now find ourselves obliged to keep in repai r nin e different kinds

e "T h e e O . Of furnac s burd n upon us i s bvious T he compl etion Of th e n ew Comfort Station enabl ed us to do f e e away with four O ld toil et buildings . Two O th s e were us d for th e e Of ee th e w a s d ee r S h elte rs , one for storag f d and fourth moved to th e Nursery .

th e Of em e At th e Nursery , usual work cr ating garbag and e e r efuse , rai sing and caring for ornam ntal plants , liv stock and vegetabl e s was carri ed on . T h e Soda Stand in front O f th e B ear D ens was move d to it s T h e e e . n ew situation , and a larg wood n platform built around it e e n ew n e walk l eading to its former site was r mov d , and a o f met th e e e built . T h e cost O thi s work , which was by privil g e fund , amount d to th e m O f e b T h e Rock efelle r Fountain , oving which was don y e e e m e th e e e contract , was transf rr d to its p r an nt position in c ntr T h e Of th e r s O f th e Concourse . work moving , building of d ain th e O f th e immedi and wate r Conn ections , and grading ground ately surrounding the fountain was under th e direction of thi s

D epar tm ent .

e e Afte r th e fountain had b een mov d , it was thoroughly wat r proofe d by th e C a ffa ll proce ss ; and through this and othe r meas th e m e its ure s w e b eli eve that th e fo u ntain i s now , for ﬁrst ti in

e e e e Of e e e , a nd hi story , in a r ally ad quat stat m chanical p rf ction

O f pre servation against th e ravage s Of tim e and the elem ents . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 8 5

REPAIRS UPO N VARIOUS BUILDIN GS

W e pre sent h erewith a list O f th e important repairs that e e m e th e e e e i w r ad during y ar to our p rman nt plant . In con s d e ring it , it is well to be ar in mind that in th e planning and con Of m eme struction our i prov nts , w e have from th e ﬁrst ende avored to make them as p ermanent as possibl e in ord e r that th e cost of e e e e e e r pairs and maint nanc might b r duc d to its lowest te rms .

T he sch edul e , in bri ef , i s as follows :

T h e violations d u e to faulty wiring in eve ry building suppli ed e e e with l ctric curr nt throughout th e entire Park , were cor

r ecte d .

T h e Boston Road Comfort Station claim ed a great d eal O f labor th e i n su ﬂi c i e t e through n wat r supply and faulty plumbing .

th e e e e e e e e e e All ntranc s r c iv d th ir usual painting , as w ll as xt n e e S iv repairs to th ir roofs .

T h e e e e e Ostrich Hous was paint d and varnish d insid and out , m e e e e and some i provem nts w re mad to cag work .

T e - ee e e e e th e e h Small D r Hous and yards w r paint d , h ating sys

tem improved , and consid erabl e repair work was don e by

th e blacksmith a n d wire workers . T h e fence s Of th e Elk Range require d consid erable painting and

repairing .

T e e e e e e e r e he Elephant Hous and yards w r paint d , and xt nsiv pair work was don e by th e blacksmith and wire workers on

doors damaged by el ephants .

e e e e th e T h e Wolf and Fox D ns w r paint d , and iron work e strengthen d . T h e B ear D ens we re painte d ; s everal Of th e cage ﬂoors were r e n ewe d ; and h eavy m e sh wire- cloth was wired to th e parti n tion s to prevent th e animals from inj uring o e anoth e r .

- P l e T h e fence around th e S ea Lion O O was paint d .

e e th e e e th e T h e Wild Fowl Pond f nc , Burrowing Rod nt Enclosur , e e m - ee e e Ph easant Aviary , and s v ral S all D r corrals w r

painte d throughout .

e e th e e e T h e bottom O f th e Alligator Pool was concr t d , and f nc

surrounding the p OO l was painte d .

Extensive r epairs we re made to s everal cage s in th e R eptile ew e e e e th e e House , and ﬁfty n cas s w r construct d for Rod nt

and th e Insect Coll ections .

8 8 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

DEPARTMENT OF ADMINIS TRATION

. R . e e e a n d e a i , i l Wi m i e a e . H M tch ll Ch f C rk Manag r ; lli M tch ll , C shi r

For s everal years thi s department has b ee n greatly in need O f O f e T additional f ic room . h e room s originally assigne d for th e u se O f th e Chi ef Cl erk and his Office force had be com e e nti re ly I e e e nad quat . Wh n th e Dire ctor move d to th e n ew Administra e the e tion Building , lat i n y ar , his previous quarte rs b ecam e e th e u se O f availabl for this d epartm ent . Advantage was tak en O f th e e th e e ﬂi — opportunity to hav ntire O ce r e arranged . O n e Of th e n ew rooms has been ﬁtte d up for th e u s e Of cashi e rs and gate men e e in making th ir daily r ports and s ettl ements . H e retofore ther e has b een no place availabl e for thi s purpos e exc ept th e m e th e e f s all , cramp d lobby in gen ral Of ice . With th e additional m roo now availabl e for thi s d epartment , all its Office work will b e gr eatly facilitate d .

Pr i v il e es T h e n- e e e . h g Hudso Fulton C l bration , during t fall 1 9 0 f of 9 , brought thousands of strangers to th e city , many O whom visited th e Park during th ei r stay , and th ereby materially e f e increas ed th e privileg busin ess O that y ar .

Notwithstanding a falling off Of about in vi sitors at 1 th e Park during 9 1 0 , as compared with th e pr evious year , w e we re abl e to S how a consid erabl e increas e in n et proﬁts from privil ege s . Thi s re sult w a s s ec u red only by th e stricte st care , and many new e conomi es in all branch e s O f operation and pro duction . O ur transportation equipm ent for th e distribution Of privi e e Of th e e m e l ege suppli e s , and for th e g n ral work d part nt , had b e com e so se riously inadequate that it was nece ssary to improve th e e Of on e- e e it , early in th e year , by purchas a ton l ctric auto e th e e e e mobil e truck . Ev n with this addition , s rvic was tax d to e m e its utmost during th e summer s eason . Anoth r auto obil , e e b e e eith er el ectric or gasolin e , will undoubt dly hav to add d in th e S pring Of 1 9 1 1 .

An impre ssion Of th e rapid growth Of th e privil ege busine ss ‘ ma y b e gaine d from th e fa ct that about s even years ago th e en tire s ervice O f th e d epartment was handl ed with on e two - wh eel ed

- push cart .

th e e e th e n et T h e following tabl e , S howing annual incr as in e e th e ﬁv e e e e e proﬁts in p rivil g s for past s asons , will furth r s rv to

d emon strate th e rapidity of th ei r growth and d evelopment . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 8 9

S S I N O S OF PERCENTAGE INCREA E PR FIT PRIVILEGES ,

FRO M 1 9 0 6 T O 1 9 1 0 .

26 e e 1 9 0 6 e e % incr as in ov r pr vious year . 1 9 e e 1 9 0 7 e e % incr as in ov r pr vious year . 1 e e e 1 9 08 4 % d cr as in from previous year . 8 e e 1 9 09 e e % i ncr as in ov r pr vious year . 1 9 e e 1 9 1 0 e % incr as in ov r previous year .

A u di ti ng Of Pr i vil eg e A c c ou n ts —T h e accounts Of th e Privi e e e e l g D partm nt having grown to such proportions , it was thought wise by th e Executive Committee to arrange for their h e auditing , and t Audit Company Of N ew York was engaged for ’ T th e work . h e accounts we re carefully ch ecked for a p eriod O f e e ee m 1 1 9 1 0 e s v nt n onths prior to August , , and found to b in a satisfactory condition . T h e system Of reports an d accounting now in u se was d evis e d by th e Chi ef Cle rk and his assistant wh en th e developm ent O f th e e privil ge s b egan . From time to time it has been revi sed and ex e e ee e e t nd d to m t th e demands of the busine ss . It is entir ly pra tical , and is as compl ete as i s consistent with th e very small a c ﬂi e e e e e counting and O ce xp ens e . C rtain chang s that w r sug ge sted have been mad e .

S oda W a ter —T h e arrangem ents for tabl e s and chairs for e e e parti s at th various soda stands last season , we r continu ed and I e e e increased to keep pac e with th e d emand . ce cream con s w r e h e e e e e e e o u a dd d to t usual soda se rvic . Th y prov d xtr m ly p p lar with the children and as they have no wrapp ers or refuse to e e e b e thrown on th e walks , their sal e was encourag d until it r ach d e e e e e e com large proportions . Sp cial car was tak n to s cur con s

e e . plying with th e pure food laws , without r gard to th i r cost Arrangements have been mad e to make our own con e s next sea son S O as to insure th eir b eing se rved fresh . T h e Soda Pavilion near th e Bird House was again k ept O p en th e e e e e e e during the winter months , and s rvic xt nd d to includ th e sandwich es . Table s and chairs , with muslin curtains at win

e . e e e e dows , mad e th e pavilion attractiv In s asonabl w ath r , a

e e th e e . good busin e ss was done , without int rf ring with r staurants — R emov a l Of S oda S ta nd N ea r B ea r D en s Owing to th e lo cation Of th e n ew seri es Of B ear D ens along th e rock l edge north e e r e west Of and parall el to th e pre sent d ens , it was n c ssary to

‘ move th e soda stand that for seve ral years had occupi ed that e e S e O f th e O ld location . A n ew S it was chos n a hort distanc south 9 0 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY on e e th e e f e, and much n ar r lin O traffic between the B e ar D ens th e e e and R ptil Hous e . In orde r that th e busin e ss of th e stand b e e th e should not disturb d during summe r , th e work Of removal m e e e th e e was acco pli sh d b for s ason op en ed . — L u n ch Pa v i lion T h e provi sion s mad e in 1 9 09 for th e a c commodation of lunch and bask et parti es in th e Sh elter Pavilion e the e e e e n ar Fox D ns w r continu d and enlarge d this season . By the addition Of more tabl e s an d the introduction O f a gas lin e e th e f e e to supply h at for co f urns , th e whol e service was put on a e e b tt r basi s . It was found that th ere was great demand for e e e e e m e sandwich s , and arrang m nts w r ad to supply it . Inas the S e ne en f much as narrow pac across o d O th e pavilion , previ ’ ou sl e the y occupi d by soda stand and cashi er s booth , was i n su ﬂi ’ e t e t e ci nt o giv h additional room required , a cashi er s booth was f e e built in th e centre O th e pavilion . This gave xc llent S pace for e e di splaying postals , souv nir books and oth r publications , and th e e re sult was a large incr ase in th e sal e Of those articl e s .

- to r — R ock in n e R es ta u a n t . e g S Unfortunat ly , funds have not b een availabl e for th e much -n eed ed extension to th e main dining ’ f th e - e e e e e e room O Rocking Ston R staurant , r f rr d to in last y ar s e re port , and w e hav b een obliged to go through anothe r season without th e sati sfaction Of being abl e at all time s to take care Of e e e e e our patrons . It is , how v r , v ry important that thi s xt nsion

S hould b e mad e at the earli e st possibl e moment . In all oth er re spects the season has been a sati sfactory one e e for th e r estaurant , and it shows a consistent gain ov r pr vious

e e Of e n et . W e e ee years , in th volum busin ss and proﬁts hav b n fortunate i n retaining practically th e same force Of employee s for — th e e Of r es a u several years , a h important factor in succ ss any t rant . O ur plan Of sending our own wagon to market for fruits and e e e e vegetabl e s as O ften as is n cessary, which was start d s v ral f r es e e . O years ago , is a continu d succ ss In this way both our ta u r a nts a r e suppli ed with th e highest grade Of produce the mar e e Of e e k et affords . By S p ecial arrang m nt , our supply butt r com s N ew dire ctly from one Of th e best cre ameri e s in northern York , and our eggs com e from a Conn e cticut farm . — Boa t-Hou s e R es ta u r a n t D uring th e past year th e patron a g e O f th e Boat-House R e staurant has made a ve ry encouraging S O e Of e gain , suffici ently to assur us its popularity with its r gular

e th e e e . patrons , and its growing r putation with public g n rally FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 9 1

th e e em e e e Early in s ason , arrang nts w re mad e to s rve a ’ ta bl e d h o te e e dinn r on Sundays and holiday evenings , th O bj ect ' b eing to make th e Boat- Hous e known to a large numb er O f Park T h e visitors . plan was an immediate succe ss , and in a S hort tim e e e e our faciliti s wer tax d to th ei r utmost during th e dinn e r hour . Thi s plan will no doubt b e continu ed during 1 9 1 1 as it has a l ready brought th e re staurant many fri ends . — T Boa ting . h e boating was gre atly hamp ered during th e last season by th e extrem ely low wate r in th e Bronx River and T n e . h e O ld da m 1 82 d ee m th e e Lak at Str t , which for s lak , had e been l aking badly for some years , and during th e dry months O f summ e r , with but littl e water coming into th e lake , it was im possibl e to keep th e water up to th e require d l evel . This mad e it ﬂi very di c u lt to unload passengers from row boats , which at th e lowe st water l eve l were two feet b elow the dock . - The re were also S O many stumps and sunken logs in th e lake chann e l that it became dangerous to operate th e launche s wh en

th e e e th e e e f t e da m . ne wat r was b low l v l O h On o occasion , at a f tim e O th e low wate r , wh en th e launch Albatross was load e d with visitors , it struck on e O f th ese logs , which op en e d a hol e suffici ently large to swamp the boat b efore th e Bronxdal e land e h e e ing could b e reache d . Fortunat ly t pilot was abl e to b ach th e e e e S h e h er ee e boat on som rocks b for sank , and sixt n pass n f ge rs land ed without inj ury . As a result O thi s accident , plan s were mad e and a contract let for extensive repairs to th e da m and raceway that Will make it possibl e to hold th e lak e at th e normal l evel at all tim e s . This work was und ertaken as soon as

e e e . e the boating season was ov r , and is now compl t d Advantag has been taken Of the opportunity Offered whil e th e lake was ff em e f th e drain ed for thi s work , to cut O and r ov as many O e sunken logs and stumps as could b reached . W e th erefore b e li eve that our troubl e s with low wate r in Bronx Lak e a r e now ove r . — G u i de Book s Although th e Bison Edition O f th e G u id e

' Book Of e e e e e th e Of 1 9 0 9 , which copi s w r print d lat in fall , e e e m b e is still on sal e , th e work of g tting out anoth r dition ust e n ew e b e e e th e taken up soon , b ecaus a dition will r quir d in e e e e th e G e spring of 1 9 1 1 . It r ally i s r markabl how w ll uid con eem e e e tin u es to sell . It would s that v ntually our r gular visit e ors would b e fully suppli e d with copi e s , and sal s would diminish

th e e . m e accordingly ; but such is not cas In fact , any r gular e e visitors who come to th e Park carrying pr vious ditions , will ew e purchase other copi e s a s soon as a n dition i s availabl e . 92 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

S ou v eni r Book s a n d P os ta s —T l . h e pric e of th e n ew color ed e dition Of the Souvenir book was re duced from fifty to twenty fiv e e the e c nts during s ason , on account Of th e O ld i ssu e O f twenty e- e ee e fiv c nt books having b n xhauste d . This change in pri ce e e e the e the e h e e gr atly incr as d sal s during latt r part of t s ason , but w e now find ours elve s without eith er of the more costly edi O f e e e tions , for both which th r i s som d emand . T he issuing Of m e e O f e e e a li it d dition ach s ri s i s now being consider ed . T h e e e e last i ssu of souv nir postals is disapp aring rapidly , and arrangements a r e now und e r way for a new and much larger

. th e e Of e e e supply In all probability numb r subj cts will b doubl d , th e m e e e e and n u b r print d incr as d to more than a million . — R iding A nima ls With th e children th e riding animals a r e e as popular as ve r . Som e improvements have b een made ; and two Sh etland colts were adde d to th e collection last season by

. e e e e e birth Th y w r k pt in a small , t mporary corral at the stand . m th e e e e uch to amus m nt and d light Of th e children . — Ba nd C on c er ts T h e practice Of giving band conce rts in th e the mm e e Park during su r , whi ch was stablish ed last season , was e e e continu d again this y ar . O ur r qu est for a mod e st sum from th e e city for thi s purpos not having b een granted , it was again e e th e e e e th e e n c ssary to put xp ns on Privil eg Account . e m e e An att mpt was ad to give daily concerts , and th e arrang e e e m nt was continu d for a month , but th e funds that could b e us d for th e purpose we re so limite d that a band O f prop er size could

b e e e e e e e . not ngag d , and daily conc rts w r giv n up Sunday con e e e e e e e e e e e c rts , how v r , w r continu d throughout th s ason . R n w d

‘ application was mad e to th e Board Of E stimate with ou r r eq u est f 1 9 1 1 s u m con for maintenance O th e Park for , for a for band T h e th e m e certs , but th e item was not allowed . budget for aint nance O f oth e r parks in th e Bronx Carrie d an iteni of for e th e e e band conc rts , but , notwithstanding fact that att ndanc at th e Zoological Park seems to b e in excess of that O f any other w e eem e th e b en efits Of th e park in th e Bronx , do not s to shar musi c appropriation .

G a te R ec eip ts — A n annual increase in r eceipts at th e en T e e e trance on pay days has b ecom e th e rul e . h y ar j ust clos d

e 1 9 09 . was no exc eption , S howing a substantial gain ov r Many visitors now com e by prefe rence to th e Park on pay days , to avoid th e crowds and see th e coll e ctions to better advantage . , — Bu r ea u of I nfor ma ti on D uring th e ye ar it was de cide d to u se th e alcove in th e Lion Hou se for th e opening Of a bureau of FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 9 3

m . T h e infor ation e alcov was suitably furnished , and a number Of attractive e nlargem ents and transparenci e s from our coll ee O f m e e e T tion ani al photographs w r display d . h e bure au op en e d h e m e in May , wit Mi ss N w an in charg , and it has prove d an en f tire succ ess . In addition to ﬁlling th e n eed O a place conv en n l e e e i e t y and c ntrally locat d , wh re visitors could mak e inquiri e s the th e e e about Park and Zoological Soci ty , it furnish s an opp or f tu nity for a display O our various publi cations . Sal e s at this bureau S ince its O p ening have been s u ﬂi ci ent to j ustify its ex m i sten ce , a n d a ssure its p er an ency .

e r i r a t r P a n t L a u ndr a nd I c e F t r — R f g e o l , y a c o y . Unfor t u n e ately for thi s department , funds for th construction and equip e m ent O f this improvement , tentativ plans for which have long

e e e m e e . e bee n prepar d , hav not b co availabl It is hop d , however , that the way will open for this greatly-n eed ed building b efore th e 1 1 9 1 0 e m e e close O f 9 1 1 . Early in it b co impossibl longer to handl e the work O f our laundry without some ad equate machin e e e m e e er y , and it was d cid d to purchas fro privil g funds what e t e e e w e n eeded , and instal it t mporarily in h pr s nt laundry in - e e e em th e Rocking Ston R staurant , with a vi w to r oving it to th e permanent building whe n constructed . This was don e , and very materially increase d th e quality and quantity of our laundry work .

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLICATIO NS A N D PHOTOGRAPHY

R . S e . Elwin anborn , Editor and Photograph r

— 1 1 0 T he Bu lle tin N O S p ecial publications we re printe d in 9 , i -m but th e Bu ll etin was cha nge d from a quarterly to a b onthly , f th e m e N O and issued regularly . Two O nu b rs , for Mar ch and e e th e th e m th e v emb er , were d vot d to work of Aquari u , and T e m e e e e e others to th e Park . h e add d nu b rs hav s rv d a us ful th e m em e Of th e e e purpose , inasmuch as b rs Soci ty do not now los sight Of th e last issue befor e th e following number is printed . T h e contributors r ecognize mor e vividly th e re sponsibility O f th e e e furnishing th eir material promptly , and pr ssur of work is rend ered more uniform and constant . — A nnu a l R ep or t T h e 1 4 th Annual R epo r t app ears in a new th e e r e e e — set m m e face O f typ e , C ntu y Expand d S ri s fro atri c s T h e m Of th e e e m a k owne d by th e Soci ety . for typ was chang d , ing it mor e suitable for th e r eproduction O f full - page illustra T h e Of e e e th e e tions . original this typ was d sign d for C ntury GREAT GRAY KANGAROO .

9 6 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

T h e following is a list O f photographi c prints mad e during year : For Park Album s u se e For in Soci ty Publications . e i e For Adv rti s ng and Sp cial Purpos es . For File s

Total

CONTRACT WORK I N GROUND IMPROVEMENTS

Conducte d und e r the direc tion of the Park D e partm e nt of the Borough of the

S e e ee . Bronx , Martin ch nck , Chi f E ngin r — A dmini s tr a ti on B uilding This structur e was compl ete d in t e 1 9 1 h spring of 0 , but owing to th e tim e require d for th e manu e f r e factur O its fu nitur and rugs , it was not re ady for occu

em e 20 . e e e e e pancy until Nov b r On that dat , how v r , it was op n d t e e to h us s for which it had b een d esign e d , with a minimum e f e e- e T h numb r O att ndants and car tak rs . e H eads and Horns Coll ection there upon b eca m e acce ssibl e to all p ersons entitl ed to s f th e th e u e O Admini stration B uilding . T h e Dire ctor occupi ed his n ew Offic es in th e Administration e 1 1 e e f e e e B uilding on Novemb r 1 5 , 9 0 , th r by af ording th Chi f Cl rk th e additional Office room for which his d epartm ent had long Stood e f e th e u se f th e n ew in urgent need . A cod O rul s for O building e e the e e th e e e was pr par d by Di r ctor , and approv d by Ex cutiv m er Committee . Inasmuch as it is a physical i possibility to p mit annua l vi sitors to have free acce ss to a small Offic e n e building , it was arrange d that admission to th e w building th e m e m e th e m e e should b e by card only . At sa ti , illions d sir f e o th e Z O O to see th e National Coll e ction O H ads and H rns , and e e S logical Soci ty is not only willing , but anxi ous that th y hould e f th e th e do S O . In vi w O this fact , and additional fact that two picture gall eri e s in th e n ew building a r e now fill ed full to ove r m e e e e flowing with th e h e ads and horns , any p rsons hav sugg st d th e O bvious alternative that a se parate building S hould b e e re ct ed for th e H eads and Horns Coll ection , to which all visitors could T h e m e O f th e have free acce ss eve ry day in th e ye ar . i portanc e e m e a th e coll e ction , its educational valu , its ph no n l growth and th e l egitimate de sire O f th e public to s ee it , all point to only solu — tion that s eems possibl e a sp ecial building on Baird Court for T h e e Of th e e e e th e H eads and Horns . r moval Rock f ll r Fountain FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 9 7 to a bette r location has l eft between th e Primate House and th e new building a building site which would s erve such a purpose e e th e O f e as that for shadow d by logic xisting conditions . — T h e Fu r nis hing of the A dmi nis tr a ti on Bu ilding After long e e e th e e e m and car ful d lib ration , Ex cutiv Co mittee cause d plans e b e e e and sp cifications to pr par d for th e furniture , rugs and a e e e e th e n e h ngings that w r r quir d to furnish w building . On e e thos plans , a contract was r gularly advertised , and at a public e e m f l tting was award d to Abraha Straus , O Brooklyn , as th e e e T e low st bidd r , at h work was very promptly tak en e e e in hand , and pros cut d with th utmost regard to th e vi ews and h wishe s of th e Soci ety . All t e work and materials call e d for e e e m e th e e w r furnish d in a ann r highly satisfactory to Soci ty , e and th e contract was compl ted within its time limit . T h e n ew building is plainly but substantially furnished , and its equip m ent has been chos en with a vi ew to long we ar with a m inim um of dete rioration .

D m e B a - u — i r i r onx R iv er a a t th o t Ho s e . R ep a ng B , Through e ld a e th e da m th e - e d ete riorations du to O g , at Boat Hous across f e m e e me th e course O th e Bronx Riv r , which for s Bronx Lak , b ca

S O full Of ﬁssure s that th e l eakage Of water became very se rious . e m e - e e th e In dry se asons , it was impossibl to aintain a wat r l v l in lak e that was ad equate for our boating busin ess . In addition to e e e e e e e th e da m m e e that , grav f ars w r nt rtain d that ight ntir ly e m O f e e b e give way , and caus a cala itous loss lif and prop rty low it .

e e e th da m O f e It was de cid e d that imm diat r pairs to e , a v ry

e e e e m e e . compreh ensive natur , w r quit i p rativ Accordingly , a

f m . e mm e O . reque st was mad e to th Co ission r Parks , Mr Tho as J b e e e e ee Higgins , that plans pr par d by his Chi f Engin r , and a

a ll e e . contract l et for th e work required , with possibl d spatch e mme e e ee This requ est was grant d , and i diat ly Chi f Engin r Schenck prepared a plan for a very substantial concrete facing th e Old e e for th e entire dam , set against structur , and fac d on m e e e th e outsid e with rustic ston e , so laid as to ak a pictur squ

- - e cascad e instead of th e Old fashion e d smooth fronte d wat rfall . - - e e T h e plan provid ed for a thirty S ix inch wast way , and a valv th e e e b e e O ff e e e to match , by which lak can asily drain d wh n v r n ece ssary . A contract for th e very consid erable construction work r e T h e quire d was awarded to H enry E . Fox , at work was 9 8 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

m e e e De em e th e s a ti sfa c pro ptly und rtak n , and ﬁni sh d i n c b r , to Of e e e tion all parti s conc rne d . Whil e th e lak e was mpty our maintenan ce force took advantage Of the opportunity to r emove th e sunken logs and stumps that long had inte rfere d with th e u s e f O our el ectric launche s . — C en tr a l Pu bli c C omfor t S ta ti on T h e Public Comfort Sta e e e O ff th e e h e e tion r ct d j ust El phant Walk , almost in t g ograph f e e O e e m e e th e . . ical c nt r our nclos d grounds , was co pl t d by H F f English Building and Construction Company , at a cost O e h 1 e im and O p n e d to t e publi c on April . This v ry sati sfactory provem ent enabl e d us to r emove th e temporary wooden str u c ture s that for ten ye ars had intrud e d upon th e grounds surround i th e e Hou se wh ch e . th e ing El phant , , was quickly don With e re ction of this station th e Zoological Park i s at last fairly equipp ed with comfort stations Of a b ecoming and thoroughly sanitary characte r .

DEPARTMENT OF EN GINEERING

b owe r e e . e e M . Be e r G org , Civil Engin r

T h e most important singl e se rvice p erform e d by our Civil Engin eer during 1 9 1 0 was th e preparation O f a compl ete s eri es O f working plans and S p ecifications for th e Eagl e and Vulture e Aviary and th e shelte r hous e to conn e ct with it . An ffort was e me made to produce an amply larg , handso and thoroughly e th e m e e mode rn structure for exhibition purpos s , and at sa tim provid e for its tropical habitants a good S h elter-house wh e rein e e th ey can comfortably b e housed in mi dwinte r . Th s plans w ere prepare d with such constant r egard to l egitimate e conomy that both structure s will b e erecte d for which is und er th e e stimate d cost . T h e Eagl e Aviary will occupy practically th e whol e Of th e O p en hill - sid e S pace imm e diately south of th e Aquatic Bi rd House e th e e an d new Soda Pavilion . It will fac south ast , with a front fiv e e e e a g e Of 2 1 0 feet . It will contain v ry larg flight cag s for e e e e e e agl es , condors and oth r larg vultur s , and six small r cag s , e f th e e e b e for small er sp e ci es . T h e h ight O larg st cag will thirty

m e b e 24x 3 3 ee . th e e feet , and its ﬂoor di n sions will f t Along r ar e O f th ere will b e a suitabl e storm sh elter for each cag , built con T he e e e b e e . crete , on a n w plan sh lt r hous will built of brick , e b e and will stand in th e rear Of th e aviary its lf , by which it will e Of b e partly hidd en . Whil e th e cont nts that building will not e — mme regularly on exhibition to the gen ral public , and in su r

C I P NZ EE BALDY. H M A , REPORT O F THE

VETERINARIAN AND PATH OLOGIST

. D . . W REID BLAIR , V . S

e th e e m HILE fortunat during past y ar , in that no epid e ic Of infectious or contagious dis eas e has occurre d among our m w e e e e ani als , hav , how v r , lost a numb e r O f valuabl e sp ecime ns m e e fro rath r unusual disord rs . Among th e s e were th e young African rhinoceros ; th e mal e B engal tige r ; a Rocky Mountain t goat and h e kiang . D uring th e past year the re has b ee n th e usual numb e r O f in ter e stin g m e dical and surgical cas e s : an orang- utan with a c om pound fracture n ear th e h ead of th e right femur ; a musk - ox calf with an infected wound and n e crosis of th e spine s of th e e sacral vertebra e and hip bone , r e sulting from inj uri s re ceived from Eskim o dogs at th e time th e animal was capture d by th e Rainey exp e dition a femal e African el ephant with s eve re ke ra f e m th e O f t e e titis O th e l eft ey , caused by inj ury fro tusk h mal el ephant Ka r tou m ; chimpanz ee with broncho - pne umonia ; cara

em e e e e m . cal lynx with dist p r , and a cloud d l opard with pn u onia — em er em e conta io u s . fe r il e D i s t p . Dist p r is a highly g , b dis e e e e e e e as e , tending to spr ad rapidly and to produc d g n rativ changes in th e lungs , inte stin e s , kidneys and n ervous system .

s e ti e — e e e m A nima ls S u c p bl Wolv s , fox s , coyot s , E ski o dogs ,

e e e m e . squirrels , dingos , Cap hunting dogs , oc lots , lynx s , onk ys

— I e m e e e S ymp toms n th e gr at aj ority of cas s O bs rv d by us , m " one Of th e earli est and most constant sy ptoms is conj unctiva — — congestion swollen eyelids and r ed mucosa with wee ping . Within twenty-four to forty- eight hours th e watery tears b e

- nt e e th e e e e . com e muco p er u l e , matting tog th r lash s and y lids

Vomiting is usually mark e d at th e b eginning O f th e attack .

a r e e m . Thirst and refusal Of all food , also , promin nt sy ptoms th e e e Diarrh ea occurs early , and f cal discharg s , at ﬁrst black

e m e e m . T h e a b and pasty , soon b co mix d with ucus and blood e e domen is tense and contracte d , and w akn ss and prostration m e th e S O e r ost r a t follow rapidly . At ti s attack is sudd n and p 1 02 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

th e e ing that animal n ve r ralli es . The se case s gen e rally S how e e T mark d n rvous symptoms from th e beginning . h e animal is e e e e e e v ry r stl ss , fr qu ntly g tting up and moving about , twitching th e m e O f th uscl s e fac e and limbs , and rolling th e eye s . E p il ep e i h th e e tic attacks app ar arly stages O f th e disease . Th ese m e spas s follow each oth r in rapid succe ssion . Tonic spasms , h e f affecting t muscl e s O th e n eck , cause th e h ead to b e turn ed rigidly to on e S ide ; and involuntary movements of th e limbs a r e

seen wh en the animal is lying . In the n ervous form death usu a lly tak e s place on th e second or third day after th e ﬁrst symp r T h e e toms a e note d . skin ruptions that occur in such a large f proportion of case s O di stemper among domestic animals , have ee e e e rarely b n O bs rv d by m among our wild animals . Paralysis m a e e O f the hind limbs y occur arly , but mor frequ ently afte r th e e acute symptoms hav subsid ed .

T r men — e e ea t t Di st mp r i s a highly contagious disorder , and e e medical treatment i s O ft n v ry unsatisfactory . Th ere i s no h e T speciﬁc rem edy known at t e pr sent time . he method that

w e end eavor to follow in regard to this disease is , to closely in spect and quarantine susceptibl e animals when they first reach e the Park , and to imm ediat ly i solate such animals upon th e first e h suspicious symptoms Of th malady . Unless t e animal i s valu ee e e e e able , it has a lways s m d b st to d stroy it at onc and thor e oughly di sinfe ct th e cage in which it has been confin d . Owing to the large numbe rs O f animals in zoologi cal collections that a r e h f dire ctly susceptibl e to t e contagion O distemp er , no pr eca u b e e e e e . O ne m a ee tions , how v r string nt , would unj ustifiabl y f l e em f m e r easona bly safe from an pid ic O di ste p r , only so long as

such m easure s a r e strictly enforced . c e O f e m fe em e Such as s valuabl ani als suf ring with dist p r , as e e t e a r e d e sirabl e to treat , should b handl d with h utmost care to

prevent th e spreading O f th e di sease .

e e th e e e e e In case s wh r app tit is not ntir ly lacking, and in e e i n e me e e e which w e succ d administ ring dicin s , tr atm nt i s suc e e c essfu l ; r e cov ry taking plac in about two to three weeks . e m n i E skim o dogs , fox s , Azara dog , dingo , caracal lynx , coati u d s , e ee O possum s and raccoon dogs hav all b n successfully treated .

f e e e n T h e pati ent , O cours , should b i solat d from all compa e ions ; if possibl e in a s parate building with concrete ﬂoor . It should b e r end ere d comfortabl e and e specially guard ed against f e f cold . This is O vital importanc , as any sort O chill is apt to aggravate symptoms and set up complications .

1 04 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

T h e association Of rh e umatism with cold and dampn e ss has always been so notori ous that no argum ent i s n ee d e d to emphasiz e

- . r e e e e e that fact It is p min ntly a di s as of cold climates , and e e th e sp cially along Atlantic slop e . Animals that a r e kept in m e fe cold , da p , sunl ss buildings , suf r most . A sudd en change Of e e w et th e w ath r , to cold and , is signal for aggravation of th e . ex e e i stin g diseas . Whil cold and dampn e ss a r e potent factors in e pr cipitating or aggravating an attack , th ese must not b e looke d th e e e e e f upon as sol or ss ntial caus s O rh eumatism . T h e num er e e th e e e O f e ous th ori s , such as xc ss lacti c aci d , n uropathic , i n fectiv e , etc . , each have their staunch supporters . — S ymp toms T h e attack i s usually sudden and marke d by a S e e th e e . e e h e slight chill , hiv ring and lam n ss Of j oints aff ct d , t kn ee i s most frequ ently attack ed ; th e hock and ankl e s next in T e ord er . h e t ndons and their synovial sh eaths a r e very O ften e implicate d . A j oint that i s w ak by reason of previous inj ury e e e f T f or disease is sp cially liabl to suf er . h e af ected j oint is usu h ally swollen , hot and tend er ; t e sensitivene ss being as a rul e e e e e e e e th e gr at st wh n th r is pr ssur upon capsular ligament . In e som e cas es , howeve r , th e sw lling ma y b e entirely abs ent , and the e e e e e troubl e i s th n locat d only by th vid nce of pain during motion .

ne e f e e e h e e In o cas O a Bak r roan ant lop , t l ft kn ee has fr e e th f e qu ently b en e site O rh umatic attacks . This animal would f walk on three l egs , or upon four with great stif ne ss , avoiding as f T far as possibl e all ﬂex i on O the j oint . h e j oint was always e much swollen . D uring th ese attacks th animal would li e most f me e fe O th e ti , but , if compell d to walk , his suf rings was shown by hastene d breathing and dilated nostrils .

e f e th e e In the cas O an African rhinoc ros , kn es and hocks e e e h e fe f we r S im ultan ously attack d , and t suf ring O th e animal T i was intense . h e animal would l e on its side with a ll four l egs e em e e ext end ed , and wh n any att pt was mad to disturb him h would groan with pain , and could only gain his feet with great f th e e e e e e m ef ort . All j oints w r v ry painful on pr ssur and uch swoll en ; th e skin was dry and hard ; th e m ucous m embran e O f th e nose and mouth conge sted , and the eye s very much inj ect ed . e h e S e e f Wh en made to mov would do O with v ry gr at dif iculty , e e slowly and stifﬂy , grunting or groaning at ach movem nt .

T r ea tmen t —T O place an animal suffering from rhe umati sm

e th e m e e . in warm , dry , quart rs , i s ﬁrst i portant st p to tak Car niv o r ou s animals have been greatly b en eﬁte d by th e following : FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 0 5

z e th e e m e . Sodi um salicylat , half o , wat r six oz dos for any ani al up to ﬁfty pounds we ight be ing on e or two teaspoonsful . This mixture should b e given every two or three hours in a few ounce s eme O e e e e e O f milk , until improv nt i s bs rv d ; th n at long r int rvals e b e e to compl ete recove ry . Exposur to cold should car fully e e guard ed against during th e conval escent stag , as th re is great e m e e e e tend ency to relaps . An ani al with rh umatic t nd nci s should not b e allowe d to li e on concrete ﬂoors .

h e sa l l n e In th e case of t e young African rhinoc ros , O in o dram doses was tri e d for about a week , but without any mark e d e e b eneﬁt . This was th n discontinu d and salicylate Of sodium substitute d with th e re sult that th e animal show ed almost im e ee ee m ediate reli ef . This continu d for thr w ks when entire r e

cov er e e . e e y had tak n plac Whil this was a v ry striking cas e , w e e e e th e e me still , hav had qually good r sults in tr at nt O f rh eu i sm e m th e m ma t in oth r ani als by ad inistration of this drug .

It appears that th e s ecret Of succe ss with salicylate com e th e ee O f th e em pounds , li s in sp dy saturation syst with th e drug , m e e m rathe r than its od rat and continuous ad ini stration . It is e e e not d esirabl e , how v r , to continu this ind eﬁnitely , but when im e e ee e e e th e e me diate r li f has b n s cur d to giv ag nt but twice a day . m e e e e e If th e salicylate of sodiu fails to r li v , wh n w ll admini stere d e e e e e e for two or thre days , th r i s r ason to b li ve that th e case i s e not on e O f genuin e rh eumatism . In such cas s a combination Of quinin e and potassium internally might b e employe d with som e hop e O f succe ss .

e m m e a r e In acute j oint rh u ati s , anodyn s O ften appli ed to th e e e affected parts with good results . In such cas s l ad and O pium lotion appli ed freely to th e j oints and th e parts covered with cot e b e f h ton and bandag d , will found to af ord much reli ef . If t e ’ - e e e e e e O f e pain is exc ssiv , r p at d dos s Dov r s powd er will b e found th e useful in allaying the pain . In e l ss viol ent cases camphorate d me m O f e e oil , soap lini nt , or a co bination ss ntial O ils , as turpentine e e m mm ee O il ee il or p pp r int with aqua a onia and lins d or sw t O , T - may s ecure much reli ef . h e local application Of anti rh eumatic e h e e il f agents would embrac all t salicylat s , O O Wintergreen and e p epp rmint .

A cour se O f tonics is Often th e b est r esort in chronic rh eu ’ e e f ma ti sm . Whil Fowl r s solution and tincture O muriate O f e th e e m iron have been ben ﬁcial in larg r ani als , iodid e Of iron has T h e e me been helpful in othe r case s . local tr at nt re commended for acute rhe umatism is even more applicabl e to th e chronic 1 0 6 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

m . e form War th , a sunny corral or cag , and a vari ed n utritiou s e e e e a r e m and asily dig st d di t i portant conditions . — I nﬂa mma ti on of the L ip s a n d N os e in M on k ey s Thi s troubl esome condition i s quite a common affe ction among South e m e th e fe Am rican onk ys , but animals principally af cte d a r e , e sapaj ous , spider monk ys and marmosets .

T h e e e e e e e e dis as is charact riz d by r dn ss , sw lling, heat and f e e tend ern e ss O th lips , cracks , bli st rs and abrad ed surface s sur h rounding t e mouth and nostrils .

a u s es — e e e C Th s may b classed as m echanical , ch emical a nd microbian . T h e disease occurs frequently among those animals whose a r cages e bedde d with dry , ﬁbrous hay containing vegetabl e irri r ed e tants , such as and whit clover , fungi or musty substances . Th ese substance s acting as temporary irritants a r e usually the Of th e starting point an abrasion on lips and surrounding skin , and th e inﬂammation is furth er aggravated by attacks of bac T h e e e e th i e m e . e ter a l f r nts bact ria pr s nt in mouth , food or e e fe e e h e wate r , Would hav had no f ct what v r upon t healthy mem e e bran e or skin , but as soon as th s surfaces become denude d Of e e e th e e th e prop e r prot ctiv cov rings , bact ria at once begin to make s erious inr oa dsf T he affection i s also th e result Of fer e Of mented and d ecompos d food , and too hot food and liquids .

m m —T he a r e r ed m e f w S y p to s lips ﬁrst and inﬂa d . In a e days they exhibit exce ssive moisture and later th e formation Of e e th e S th m blisters and scabs , which xt nd to kin around e outh T h e e e e e e e and und e r th e j aws . sw lling may b com xc ssiv and S O h e m e em e painful that t ani al will no long r att pt to f ed . In severe case s emaciation and weakn ess follow and th e animal di e s from

e . th e a r e e e ee xhaustion If scabs forcibly r mov d , raw , bl ding surface s a r e l eft exposed . — T r ea tmen t These case s should b e r emove d to a cage with e e out be dding , and th e lips tr at d by painting with ﬁv e p er cent . i alcoholic solution of blue py ok ta nn n , or l ead and opium lotion . m e e et e e e ma In ild cas s , which hav as y no xc ssiv scab for tion , saturated solutions O f boracic acid a r e us eful , and if appli e d sev

m e b e th e e m e e e . eral ti daily , will only tr at nt n c ssary For sus i l e m e e h a cept b ani als , avoid irritating substanc s , such as clov r y for bedding .

1 0 8 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

2 . th e e e e n e If di s as app ars in o or more birds , they should b e m e e e e m th e i m diat ly s parat d fro h ealthy on e s . If possibl e , th e e O f th e e e sourc inf ction should b d etermin e d and removed .

3 . e th e e Of Aft r r moval sick birds , disinfect th e hous es and ﬁv e er e . O f runs with a p c nt solution carbolic acid or creolin , and rep eat thi s disinfection at l east once a week whil e th e dis ease r e e mains . B urn or saf ly bury all birds dying from this affection .

T r ea tme t —T h e n sick birds should b e place d in a warm , e e e dry , w ll v ntilat d hospital room , wh ere th ey will not b e ex e e e pos d to draughts , and can b r adily caught for examination and e treatm nt . th e e During past two y ars , exp erimental treatm ent with e m e e Diphth ria Roup Antitoxin a ong hawks , h rons , ph asants and e e e le oth r susc ptibl birds has d to gratifying results . When e ee the birds hav b n discove red in th e early stages Of th e di seas e, f f e e e a singl e inj e ction O c . c . of antitoxin suf ic d for a compl t cure . Intra -muscular inj ecti on Of antistreptococcic serum has also been Of beneﬁt in mild case s . T h e diphth er etic m embran e s forming in th e m outh S hould b e remove d j ust as soon as thi s can b e don e without causing e e e blee ding from th aff ct d surface , after which tincture Of iodine th e should b e appli ed to part . Birds that have b een affected with diphth er eti c roup should not b e r eturn ed to cage s with other birds for four weeks after recovery ; otherwise th ey might still communicate contagion . — I nfecti ou s E n ter o-Hepa titis i n T u r k eys This i s an infec tious di sease of turkeys e specially de structive to th e young birds . It i s du e to a protozoan (A moe ba mel ea g r i dis ) and characteriz ed by an inﬂammatory thickening Of th e walls Of th e caeca , yellowish f f he e e or gree ni sh areas O degen e ration O t liv r , and cong stion with blacki sh discoloration Of those portions O f th e h ead that a r e not covered by down or feath ers . — S ymp toms T h e disease is most frequent and fatal in young birds and th e symptoms Of different case s vary considerably in proportion to th e intensity O f the disease and th e relatively ex T h e m tensive l esions in th e different organs . com on symptoms e O f the e a r e those Of gen eral ill h ealth ; dulln ss , drooping h ad f e e e th e between th e wings , er ection O th e f ath rs , s paration from

T e m the m e . ﬂock . h e bi rd moping alon and sitting uch of ti FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 0 9

e e Th r i s always a loss Of appetite , greenish diarrh ea and a y el lowish or brownish discoloration of th e visibl e mucous m em a e e e f h e e . m br n s , sp cially O t yes E aciation become s extreme if th e e subj ct survives long enough , and a more or l e ss blackish discoloration Of th e gobbl e and bare portion Of th e skin covering th e head occurs . — L esi ons T h e l e sions Of this di sease a r e quite characteristic th e e e e e and constant ; ca ca b ing fr qu ntly enlarged , th e walls e e e e e thick n d by a g latinoid d posit arrang d in laye rs , whil e th e e Of th e e a r e cont nts bow l soft , pasty or of a greenish liquid a p r n T p ea a ce . h e comparative stagnation Of th e contents O f th e e th e e Of e ca ca , as in app ndix man , app ars to favor infection by microbes . T h e live r chan ges consist O f extensive infective in ﬂa mma e e e e e T tion , follow d by d g n ration and n crosis . h e surface over th fe e S e e af ct d parts how a vari ty of colors , as brown , r ed , gray i sh or dirty white

T r ea tmen t —Treatm ent would b e along th e lin e s Of inte s tina l antiseptics , as X eroform , bismuth , salol or sulphuric acid with a laxative Of O il to carry the s e agents unchanged to th e e e e e caeca . But no succ ss has att nd d our att mpts in this dirc e e tion , and th e danger that com s from keeping th e infecte d birds f around , and th e constant multiplication o th e mi crob e far more e than counterbalances any possibl e recoveri s . — Pr ev en ti on I t has been re peatedly shown that th e a mo eba e f e e e passed with th e faeces O th inf ct d bird , contaminate s th e food and water and the n actively p r op og a te th e di se ase . Preventive measure s m ust then b e mainly dire cted toward th e puriﬁcation T of the se infe cting me dia . h e ground as well as th e compart ments containing th e infected birds will require thorough di si n e e e fection . All droppings as w ll as oth r litt r must b e car efully T remove d and burned . he nests , roots and drinking vessels , e e m e Of n - should b e disinf ct d with a ixtur sulphuri c acid , o e half ne- e e gallon , carbolic acid , o half gallon and wat r , tw nty gallons .

R e spectfully submitted ,

. V . S . W . REID BLAIR , D ,

P o s t 1 eter ina r i a n a nd a th lo i . 1 1 1 . V January , 9 g

- FUR S EAL PUP S .

N ew Yo r k Aq u a r iu m . REPORT O F T HE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF THE AQUARIUM

T O T HE BOARD OF MANAGERS

PLANS FOR IMPROVING AN D ENLARGIN G T HE AQUARIUM BUILDING

N th e R eport Of th e Director for 1 9 09 considerabl e space was d evote d to outlining the n ee d O f a bui lding and equipm ent com mensurate with the work Of an institution occupying th e positi on e e ee ee e les Of th e N ew York Aquarium . Th s n ds have b n nowis th e e e e ee sened during past y ar , but on th e oth r hand th y have b n e e e consid rably augm nt d . T h e e e e th e e e xhibition spac , although as gr at as pr s nt build ing will allow , i s crowd ed to the limits of its capacity by the col l ections now on hand ; a condition that has existe d for s everal e f e years . Whil e in th past th e Aquari um has O nece ssity confin d e e e the e f e e its lf almost ntir ly to xhibition O fish s , oth r groups of aquatic animals Offer attractive and instructive material for dis T e e e e f h e e play . h e v ry int r sting xhibit O t Napl s Aquarium con sists largely Of invertebrates , whil e our coll ection of lower forms fe e is limited to the w that can b e accommodated in small , portabl aquaria place d on th e coping of th e floor pools and suppli ed with e e f r e th e harbor water . Whil th conditions O lighting a as good th e e e e a r e e as can b e provided in pr s nt building , w unabl e to ke p aquatic plants succe ssfully for th e reason that they do not r e ceiv e su fli ci ent sunlight . W e a r e thus limited absolutely to our pres ent classe s Of exhibits with no opportunity for improvem ent or growth . Although our present Aquarium contains th e large st collee e tion O f living fishe s in th world , our work is nece ssarily very f - su flicient e th e O f one sid ed . With spac , in form an addition to e e w e b e e e e Of th e our pr s nt building , should abl to xhibit mor e large r sp eci e s Of fish es , tog ther with reptile s and amphibians ,

* T he ffi e e ee m e e m e M r ma O c of Assistant Dir ctor has b n ad p r an nt, and . Cha p n

m e S e . . Grant, B . A . (Willia s was appoint d ci ntific Assistant EDITOR 1 1 8 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY and also to add and prop erly display collections Of inve rtebrate s e - and aquatic plants , both marin and fre sh water , for th e in str u c e e e f tion and nt rtainm nt O th e public . e e Furth r , it has b com e necessary to increase th e Ofli ce and e filing spac , and the only room availabl e for this purpose was th e laboratory room , which has for a long time b een at th e service Of the e publi c school t ach ers , th eir classe s and oth ers esp ecially in r e te sted . Thi s room was equipp ed with balanced aquaria con e taining many small r animals which could not , under existing b e e e the e T conditions , xhibit d in hall op n to th e public . he labo r a tor y was also used as a monthly m eeting place by th e Aquarium e e e h Soci ty, and occasionally by such sci ntific bodi s as t e American e e e the f Fi sh ri s Soci ty, National Associati on O Shellfish Commis si n e r s e T h e e f o , tc . d votion O thi s room to administration pur pose s makes it impossible in th e future to extend such courte si es e e e to sci ntific soci ti s or to provide for teach ers and th ei r classe s , e e e s f xc pt as th y can make u e O the public exhibition hall . Constantly growing demands a r e being made on th e A q u a r ium for assi stance in sci entific matters and laboratory faciliti e s and material for carrying on scientific research . Unfortunately th e most of the se reque sts m ust b e r efused or met in an imp erfect T e e f manner . h Aquari um has alr ady becom e a sort O gen eral in formation bureau oh all things aquatic as well as other matters h Of a sci entific nature , not only locally , but for t e world at large . Until now th e entire sci entific staff Of the Aquarium has consi st e h e f th e ed Of th e Di re ctor , who has manag d all t af airs of insti m tu tion , who has b een re sponsibl e for its develop ent along cor e th e e rect lin es , who has plann ed and overs en all work of improv ment to th e building and equipment and th e collections and looked e e e after th e finances , b sid s att nding to a constantly growing cor e e e m Of respondence . Whil e thus ov rwh lm d with a ultiplicity f e duti e s in conn ection with th e administration O th Aquarium , the Director has n everth el ess undertaken to prepare two Of th e N ew York Zoologi cal Soci ety Bu lletins with Aquarium items each f year and publish various pap ers Of sci entific value . All O this work has been carri e d on with the aid Of a S ingle cle rk . e e e T h e addition Of an Assi stant Dir ctor , who will d vot a O f e portion of his time to th e Aquarium , and a Sci ntific Assistant , e th e e Of the e to th e administrative staff will , aft r r turn Dir ctor , reli eve th e congestion som ewhat and permit th e completion of a the e e e Of greater amount of sci entific work . But d v lopm nt a sci entific institution cannot d epend entirely upon th e work of one e fi e e b e th e N ew or two men , however f ci nt th y might , and if York

1 2 0 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

r f mark . Plans a e under way in a numb er Of the large r citi es O th e country for th e building Of aquari ums ; notably Boston , Wash i n ton e h g , Philad lphia and San Francisco ; and t e N ew York Aquarium has been called upon to furnish data not only for these but for a number Of oth ers the world ove r ; some as r emotely S itu

e . I at d as Manila , P . , and D urban , South Afri ca . If the N ew York Aquari um is to occupy a place on a plane the e e f with oth r gr at sci entific institutions O th e city and country, and if it i s to m eet th e d emands imposed upon it by an ever in e e f r a e cr asing public att ndance , it i s essential that plans o an d quate building and equipm ent should b e brought to fulfilment as soon as possibl e . T h e preliminary plans of a proposed addition to the A q u a r ’ ium building were publi sh ed in the Di rector s report for 1 9 09 . These plans have been revise d during the past year and a r e p r e e e 1 1 1 1 e th e s nt d on pages 2 , 1 3 and 1 4 . It i s probabl that Director will find it nec essary to make a trip to inve stigate con iti n s h d o in t e various aquariums O f E urope . Th ere seems no room for doubt that som e radical change should b e und ertak en in making th e Aquarium building pre sent T able . he circl e O f magnificent buildings enclosing Battery Park e e th e e e Of e ee i s now compl t , with xc ption a short block b tw n e G re nwich and Washington Streets , and no doubt this will soon e e e e h e b e rebuilt . Surround d by th s gr at buildings , t Aquari um T he e e e pre sents a ve ry humbl e app earance . only xcus for r tain t e ing th e pres ent building at all , i s found in h fact that it is con e e n ected with certain histori cal events . How v r , it is not a par t of our plan to do away with the pre sent building , but to build around and over it in such a mann er as to r end e r it more pl eas ing in app earance and at th e same time make it much more s er

v i a le e e e e . ce b , whil r taining substantially its pr s nt form Situ e f e ated as th e Aquari um is , at th e v ry front door O our gr at city , it should b e mad e one Of the most striking and monumental build e e e e ings O f th e waterfront , instead O f the archit ctural y sor that it now pre sents . e the e th e e e In th e m antim e, public continu s to throng pr s nt e e Aquarium to a greater extent than any oth r aquari um , mus um , e e e or similar institution in the world , O ft n in much gr at r num bers than can b e accommodated . I MPROVEMENTS AN D REPAIRS A numbe r of breaks in th e piping occasion ed the loss Of th e stor ed sea - water to such an extent tha t it was found n ecessary FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 2 1

- to bring in three tank steamer loads Of water , aggregating fully e gallons , to supply th e d fici ency . This water is s ecured outsid e th e Ambrose Chann el lightship and i s th e pure st that can e b e e r adily O btain d . That it is satisfactory, both from the stand O f f point purity and O salinity, i s S hown by the fact that no spe cia l difii cu lt e ee e e e y has aris n in k ping B rmuda fish s , s eahors s ,

etc . , sinc e this reservoir was ﬁll ed and th e circulation put in run

ning ord e r .

e e Th r is a constant small loss Of this water , d u e to usage , that cannot b e prevented ; but this would amount to only a few

thousand gallons a year at most . T h e principal loss during the past year was d u e to the break Of th e e e ing s v n inch suction pip e leading from th e reservoir . This break occurre d in a portion Of th e pip e ﬁtte d with screwed e e e - - conn ctions . Anoth r break occurr d in th e salt water feed pip e e - e supplying th e r serve tanks on th e salt wat r S ide, but occasione d f e no great loss O wate r . Thi s pip e was also j oin d with screwed e conn ctions at th e point O f th e break . Whil e all thi s piping is e l ead lin d , the l ead O ften do es not ﬁt closely enough at th e j oints ,

in screwe d conn ections , to prevent th e salt wate r from coming in

conn ection with th e iron , and the gradual disintegration Of the f pip e results . Most O f this seri e s O piping had already been taken a n d fitted e e e th e e up , with flang d conn ctions , and in r pairing abov breaks flanged j oints w ere install ed T h e e ntire stored water , fe e e e e e system , with a w xc ptions , i s now fitt d with flang d conn c f th e e e tions , obviating the rusting out O j oints , with cons qu nt e loss of water and possibl e damage to th coll ections . Whil e h these and othe r repairs have b een under way , t e coll ections have e m b een carri ed without loss by the aid of th air pu ps . A n ew cross connection has been installed b etwee n th e iron e e e e O f e e pumps , making it possibl to plac ith r th s pumps on the e th e e e harbor wate r as w ll as on stor d wat r circuit , in cas e it e O f on e Of the e becomes n ecessary from a br akdown oth r pumps . A new fresh water h eate r has b een placed on the circuit supplying th e West Indi e s seal pool .

h e e e e T he repairs to t e roof , m ntion d as b ing und r way in th e e e ee e e sa ti sfa last r eport Of th e Dir ctor , hav b n compl t d in a c tory manner .

f e e ee ed Five additional skylights , O an oval shap , hav b n plac th e illu m in th e ceiling over th e main hall , materially adding to e the ina tion . Whil e this work was in progr ss , it was found that ceiling was mu ch in n eed O f strengthening and this was attended 1 22 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

T h e e to . r pairs to th e roof and ceiling and th e placing Of th e e e Of th e skylights , w r paid for out Improvement F und . In order to make possibl e th e night O p ening Of the A q u a r e ium , additional el ctric and gas lighting was installe d as follows : an additional row Of gas lights on th e gallery columns to illumin a te the lab els on th e tank s ; a double cluster Of el ectric lights on th e inn er face of each of th e central row and a S ingl e light on h e e f m th e each of t out r row O colu ns on main floor , and a cluster of el ectric lights in th e ve stibul e . An el e ctric S ign with th e word “ ” h Op en was also placed on t e front Of th e building . th e m A partition across laboratory roo , which has b een used chi efly by the public school teachers and th eir classe s , has fli made additional space for O c e purpose s . Thi s change affords ’ e e O fi e e e S e room for th cl rk s f c as w ll as storag pac for library ,

e e c . e e ee e Offic e suppli s , t A larg wall cas has b n construct d in this room for storage purpose s . A wire partition has been built in th e lower Office s , enclosing a space to b e us ed as a coat room for class es vi siting th e Aquari um . ’ T h e Offices on both floors and th e women s retiring room s e on th e ground floor have been repainted . Som painting was also don e on th e balcony columns , and the service gall eri es and wall space b ehind th e tanks have b een given a fre sh coat of - e e O f white wash , incr easing th e light refl cting capabiliti s this e ar a . An improvement which seems to have met with th e a p proval O f our visitors i s a cabin et for exhibiting smaller animals O f e e e ee b ehind large reading glasse s . Four th s hav b n built and various small e r living spe ci e s were shown which could not oth er T he e wi se have b een w ell exhibite d . numb r of visitors waiting e h e for an opportunity to look through the l enses , indicat s that t public i s j ust as much inte r ested in th e smalle r as the larger

e b e e ee . forms , when th y can prop rly s n A touch of color has been added to the main hall by th e in tr odu ction Of palms and bay tree s around th e copings Of th e ﬂoor pO Ol s and within th e entrance .

COLLECTI ONS AN D EX HIBITS

T he addition Of specimens to th e Aquarium collections has gone on steadily during th e year with the re sult that th e exhibits a r e at present as compl ete as at any time during the history of e b e e the th e institution . All th e spac that could utiliz d for pur pose has b een crowd ed in th e attempt to exhibit these coll ections . e f th e As a re sult Of th e continu ed exp eri enc O our Aquarist ,

1 24 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

F R - E L N L U S A Y U MA E . , O G

A ve ry unusual addition to our coll ections i s a pair Of fur

e . th e f th e e s al pups from St Paul Island , Alaska , gift O Unit d e e e e m e e Stat s Bur au of Fish eri e s . Th s attractive littl e ani als w r e e e N e e 3 r c iv d on ov mb r 2 , and were , at that tim e , not more than ﬁv e l e em e e months O d . Sinc that time they have made th s lv s at home in one O f th e large ﬂ oor -pools and have grown nicely ; th e mal e adding four pounds and th e femal e three pounds during th e

first month . The se a r e th e first sp ecim ens O f this seal eve r ex hib ited N ew th e e e f in York City , and , with xc ption O two which e ee e h e hav b n k pt in Washington for t e past year , th e first to b exhibite d in th e eastern Unite d State s . T he N ew York Zoological Soci ety has voluntarily undertaken to pay out O f its own funds for all sp ecim ens purchased by th e e th e e e e e Aquari um . Sinc Soci ty took thi s matt r ov r in Jun , 1 9 1 0 e e e th e e , it has xp nd d toward Aq uarium coll ctions and has secured through gifts exhibits to th e value Of $625 . T he Aquarium coll ection s have been furth er augmented by

e ee e e e . . our own mploy s , sp cially by our Coll ctor , Mr John J e e Of th e m f e e e m a b e D eN y se . Som id a a ount O th s coll ctions y gain ed from th e following figure s : e f - ee e e e For exhibition , 500 fish s O thirty thr sp ci s ; sp ci f -fi e e e sev m ens O f the larger inve rtebrate s O thirty v sp ci s , and f h e e th e eral thousan d eggs and young O t e hors sho crab . For - e f the e o e fish - fish hatch ery, ggs O y ll w p rch ; for food - e f 1 1 2 Of and exhibition , thirty nin quarts O shrimps ; lots small e e th e s ea crustacean s ( sand fleas , sp cially for food for e e e e hors es ; 3 0 0 quarts O f k illifiSh es , b sides consid rabl quantiti s FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 25

ﬁs - f e e h . O hake , whit bait and h rring for food Aquatic plants Of seve ral kinds were also brought in from time to tim e for ex hib i e tion and for aerating th e balanc d aquaria .

FIS H -HATCHERY

Through th e kindne ss of th e Unite d States Bureau of Fish e e the e O f N ew h e ri s , Tux do Club York , and t Blooming G rove f e e P O a . f Hunting and Fishing Club G l n Eyr , , all O whom have e w e e supplied us with fish ggs , e hav b en abl e to keep th e model - O e e e f fish hatchery in p ration for a consid rabl part O th e time . T h e following sp eci es have been exhibited in proce ss Of hatching : la ck s otted Whitefish , steelh ead trout , b p trout , brook trout , quin e T nat and Atlantic salmon and y llow p erch . he last mention ed we re suppli ed through th e efforts O f our coll ector from Wading ha r lottes r T h R b u . . ive r , Long Island and C g , N J e output of th e e e w e e e e e hatch ery , xc pt such as hav r tain d for xhibition pur ee e th e N ew e poses , has b n distribut d by York For st , Fish an d

G am e Commission .

AS S IS TANCE T O TEACHERS AN D INVES TIGATORS

e e w e e e A S in form r y ars , hav continu d to stock balanc ed

- salt water aquaria with wate r , small animals and plants for the e e e e public schools , wh n v r call d upon and the large laboratory room on the secon d ﬂoor has b een O pen to teach ers with their classes until recently for th e purpose Of studying th e animals and e w e e plants in th e balance d aquaria . Sinc w re comp ell ed to make u se Of this room for administration purpose s it has b een

e e th e e e . e e n ecessary to xclud public altog th r How v r , a number Of the balance d aquaria have been put on exhibition in th e bal e th e u se Of cony , and S pac for a cloak room for visiting classes

has been provide d in th e lower Office . Professor Jacqu es Lo eb e ee e e Of th e Rockefell e r Institut , has b n suppli d with c rtain mate f G . O th e e e e . G . f rial for res arch , and M r Scott Coll g O th e City Of N ew York has been abl e to make u se of our limited laboratory t e f space to carry on inve stigations on h blood O ﬁsh es . ATTENDANCE

A considerably large r number Of vi sitors made u se Of the

Aquarium during 1 9 1 0 than in any previous year except 1 9 09 . T he unusually large atte ndance O f that year must b e attributed in part to th e great inﬂux O f visitors to th e city in conn ection - e with th e Hudson Fulton C el ebration . Whil th e attendance for 1 9 1 0 did not reach that for 1 9 09 ; it was som e larger 1 2 6 N E W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIET Y

1 9 08 e than , and a glanc at the comparative tabl e will show it to b e about the normal incre ase .

Following i s th e attendance by months at th e Aquarium during 1 9 1 0 :

Daily average ( C ( C

Total

T h e following tabl e shows th e number Of visitors annually at th e Aquari um for th e past fou r teen years and give s a good i d ea of th e rapid and constant growth in attendanc e :

Vi sitors Daily ave rage . 6 ‘ ( 6

Total for 1 4 years

T h a t of $ 6 15 H I T O T E Z OOLOG CAL SOCI ETY .

m J a n u a 1 1 9 1 0 o J a nu a 1 1 F o t 1 1 9 . r ry , , ry ,

I L . ABBEY, RAYMOND, Hollis , wl Acadian O .

D . ADAMS, MR . AND MRS . FRANKLIN , Washington , C e 3 me S ol nodon ( sp e ci ns ) .

J R . . R . e . ALYEA , , G , R uth rford, N J

Blacksnake . U N ew AMERICAN M SEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, York City e S Europ an ong Thrush . N ew ANONYMOUS, York City

Macaw .

H A N D K . e A S C E N BR . , , Port J rvis , N Y

S ham a Thrush .

A S T L E T T . A . N ew , H , York City 1 S u n e 1 VVhi te - e m e e 1 - e Bitt rn , Back d Tru p t r , Brown Nap d Wood Rail ,

m e . 5 me 2 e S e e . Horn d cr a rs Total, sp ci ns B S N ew : AUDU ON OCIETY, York City

H e rmit Thrush . A il Pa . . O AVERY, MRS . A , City,

Alligator .

L . . BAGG, DR . CLINTON , Lyons Falls , N Y e 2 e me Marsh Harri r ( sp ci ns) .

M . e e L . I BAGLEY, HENRY , Whit ston , £ 4 e 1 . Pr ying Mantis , Mantis Cocoons N ew : BAKER , WILLIAM MUNFORD, York City 2 e me Milk S nake ( sp ci ns ) . B N e w : BAR OUR , WILLIAM , York City

Hoode d C obra ( 7 spe cimens ) .

W . N ew : BECHTEL, , York City e Europ an S iskin .

e . BECKER , CONRAD, Hobok n , N J

Ce ntral Am e rican Boa (3 sp ecime ns ) . VVob u r n BEDFORD, DUKE OF, , England 2 e Eland ( sp e cim ns ) .

W . C . e . BELL, MRS . , Baysid , N Y e Chamel on . m E . W . e e e BENEDICT, B thl h , Conn 2 e e e 2 e e a 2 e L adb at r Cockatoos, Bar Ey d Cock toos , Ros ate Cockatoos , 2 - me e e e . 8 e Gray H ad d Gallinul s Total , Sp ci ns .

BERGSTROM, MISS GERTRUDE , Passaic , N . J 2 m Alligator ( sp eci e ns ) .

S . a e BIRD , CHARLES , E ast W lpol , Mass T one w e . . . s his o . Lione ss . ( Lasso d by Col C J and c boys R N e w BLACKHU ST, JOHN , York City 2 e me Tovi Parrake e t ( sp ci ns ) .

F . N ew C itV BLASCHKE , , York

B arb a ry Turtle Dove . w BL A UE RT . J . N e , F , York City

Laughing Gull . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 29

O ee B LES, GEORGE , Gr nwich, Conn i e- r e S a a Wh t Th oat d p jou . N ew BOPP, ARTHUR , York City me e Cha l on .

. H . W . N ew BREARLEY, MRS , York City e w- e e m Y llo H ad d A azon Parrot . E BE I H O F M N w . e , MISS , York City :

Alligator.

C . N e w BRISSON , MRS . , York City - S late Co lore d Junco . A N ew BROWNING, WILLI M, York City S e e 2 e me Ruddy h ldrak ( sp ci ns) .

E E . N ew BUCKINGHAM, MISS . , York City

Box Tortoise .

R . M . N ew r BU NS, MRS , Yo k City e - a Blu Fronte d Am zon Parrot . D N ew CAMPBELL, DAVI , York City

White R at . A D C REY, HENRY . , City Island , N . Y

O celot .

A A . e a CLEMONS, MISS CLAR , N w rk, N . J

Box Tortois e . O R N e w C LLINS COMPANY, CHA LES, York City a ld a e B E gl .

CRAMER, EDWARD, Brooklyn, N . Y . C

Rose ate Co ckatoo .

MR S . L . S N ew CRANDALL, York City

R e e d Bun ting .

R . . B . S e . C ANE , MRS A , carsdal , N Y

O po ssum .

V . N ew CRASTER , DR . CHARLES , York City 2 ee 3 e l e me 1 R ed - e S cr ch O wls , Turk y Vu tur s , 1 A rican Crow, Tail d Hawk , - 1 2 R e d S u e e . 1 0 e me . Fish Crow, ho ld r d Hawks Total, Sp ci ns w R . N e DAMM , J , JOHN , York City

Alligator . m W . S DAVIS, J ta ford , Conn

H e rring Gull .

BR I C H Y A . e Fa ll s DE , , B acon , Conn - Hog Nos ed S nake .

E . N ew DE FERE , PAUL , York City - White Face d S apaj ou .

E . D PARTMENT OF FOREST, FISH AND GAME, Albany, N

ol dﬁnc hes 1 . 2 G , Junco

W . T . N ew DILLON , , York City - S napping Turtle .

N . L . e . DIMO , C , Mount V rnon , N Y

Mockin gbird . N ew DORN, RICHARD, York City 4 e me Viviparous Fish ( sp ci ns ) .

D . S DRAKE , , haron , Mass

Flying S quirrel (4 sp e cimens) .

R . S . N ew : D AKE , J , York City

Canary .

L . N ew M . . S EDDY, DR . G . , AND C MITH , York City - e me s Te xan Bob VVhite (2 Sp ci n ) .

B . N ew EUSTIS, MRS . J . , York City

Alligator ( 2 sp ecime ns) .

. EVANS, MISS MABEL LOUISE , Montclair, N J

Keele d Lizard . 1 3 0 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

FAGAN , R . J Rahway, N . J S d olitary S an pipe r . N e w FLACH , EMMA, York City R e d - e e 2 ec me Fac d Lov birds ( sp i ns ) .

H . . S : FLYNN , R , outh Norwalk, Conn .

O possum . N ew FORDHAM HOSPITAL, York City S ee wl cr ch O . T R A N G A T T N ew FRANCKE, , York City e w S cre ch O l .

. N ew FULLER, MRS E UGENE , York City

Canary. w . A . N e GEIGER, H , York City 1 e l — E urop an Goldﬁnch , Cut Throat Finch . K T . C . o e GILLE TE , MRS . , Bro klin , Mass 3 O e e e 1 e e 1 rang W av rs , Madagascar W av r , Dwarf We ave r, 1 Paradise W d a h 1 - e W d a h 2 S tr a wb er r r e 1 e y , Pin Tail d y , y Finch s , Fir Finch, 3 e 2 mm l Cordon Bl us , Co on Waxbills , Bronze Manakin , 2 S pice Mana 1 - e e 1 e- e e - kins, Black H ad d Manakin, Whit H ad d Manakin, 2 R e d Taile d e 1 - e N on a r iel 1 VVhite - e e Finch s , Pin Tail d p , Throat d S ed e ate r, 1 Hoode d S 1 e e S 2 e e e 2 e iskin, Gr n inging Finch , B ngal s , Z bra Finche s , 1 Diamond S 1 Bu llﬁnch 1 - e . 3 3 parrow, , Long Tail d Grass Finch Total , sp ecime ns . 1 e e a nd larg bird cag stand .

R . N w GILMAN , MAJOR EDWARD , e York City 2 Indian Pe acock ( sp e cimens ) . F Y H N e w GOD RE , MISS FRANCES ERMINE , York City 2 Alligator ( Spe cime ns ) . O L L N I K N ew G , MISS PAULINE , York City wl Acadian O . w . N e GONZALEZ, MRS , York City - e ee e e 2 e me Long Tail d Gr n Parrak t ( Sp ci ns ) . w M R . N e GORDON , , York City e Purple Gallinul . N ew GORDON , MASTER WILLIAM, York City m O possu .

S . e . . GREENBERG, MRS . , Van N st , N Y C - Blue Fronte d Amazon Parrot . H N ew : ALTER , CLARENCE , York City 3 mm Fr O s mm 1 e 1 e 2 Bullfrogs, Co on g , Co on Toad , Ribbon S nak , Gart r m e 1 2 e 3 S e S e . S nak , pott d ala and rs , Wood Frog, Box Tortois s Total, 1 me 4 spe ci ns . T N ew HALTER, CLARENCE , AND ALFRED MANNHARD , York City 1 0 e 1 5 e S e 6 1 e t e 1 3 8 Bullfrogs , Ribbon S nak s , Gart r nak s , Paint d Tur l s , 25 m e 1 e 1 e 2 ee S potte d Turtle s, S ala and rs, Wood Turtl , Box Turtl , Gr n 3 - e S e 4 e 1 - e e S e S nake s, Hog Nos d nak s , Blacksnak s , Ring N ck d nak ,

6 S e 6 D e Ka S e S e . 1 57 e me . Wate r nak s , y nak s , 1 Milk nak Total , sp ci ns

A H A GE N B . N ew H S , HENRY , York City

Tarantula . A L E R R S e o H US S , MASTER AYMOND , h lton, C nn e Gre at Blue H ron .

A V E YE R . A . N ew H E M , T , York City 2 - e ee e 3 e ee e 2 e Indian Black Back d G s , Australia n Man d G s , Whit Fantail ed a cob in e 2 e e 2 R u ell S Pige ons , 2 R J Pig ons , Black Carri r Pig ons , pp pur

me . e e 2 e e e . 1 5 e Winge d G es , Y llow Pout r Pig ons Total , sp ci ns

N . N ew HEIMA , DR J York City - Gree n Cheeke d Amazon Parrot . N ew H . ENNING, MRS , York City e Brown Thrash r .

1 3 2 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

MC H . N ew CANDLESS, JOSEPH , York City e a e B lgian H r . Mc oL A c G N E . l m , , Ba ti ore , Md 1 5 e 1 e C o e 2 O e - Canari s , M xican nur , rang Checke d Waxbills, 1 Common Afri 2 S e i e 1 - e can Waxbill, trawb rry F nch s, Black H ade d Manakin , 2 Bronze M a na k I ns 1 e 2 e ve 2 ea l dﬁn , Linn t, Madagascar W a rs, E urop n G o che s, 2 e a v S 2 a ee 1 -H e e e Whit J a parrows, Gr ss Parrak ts , Gray ad d Lov bird . 3 4 e m Total, sp ci e ns . N ew MCDERMOTT, MISS MARTINA, York City o M ckingbird .

. H UN N ew MCGRATH, MRS ROBERT TER, York City S - e e o oo ulphur Cr st d C ckat . Y N ew MCINT RE , HUGH , York City : omm e a C on Guin Pig.

Y . R MACKA , R GO DON , Brooklyn, N . Y . C R e d- e - Bill d Hill Tit . I N ew MAG LL, RAYMOND, York City i All gator.

N W . M a ve MAN , P ciﬁc Gro , Califa 3 e S e 1 e e 3 S e 1 - e e e Boyl King nak s, Blu Rac r, Bull nak s , Ring N ck d S nak ,

1 Keele d Lizard . N N A F HA N ew MA H RDT, AL RED, AND CLARENCE LTER , York City 8 1 0 S e 1 5 e S e 61 a t es 1 3 Bullfrogs , Ribbon nak s , Gart r nak s , P inte d Tur l , e 25 m e 1 e 1 2 e S pott d Turtles , S ala and rs, Woo d Turtl , Box Turtle , Gr e n e 3 H - e S e 4 e 1 - e e S nak s, og Nos d nak s , Blacksnak s , Ri ng N cke d S nak ,

K a 1 e . 1 6 e e 6 D e S e S 57 me . Wat r S nak s , y nak s , Milk nak Total, sp eci ns T R o e MARS EN, MISS MY A, C n y Island, N . Y a ee Grass P rrak t .

M . A . . EAD, B— , Mount Kisco , N Y Hog Nos e d S nake .

W . N ew ER E . M K L, H , York City me A rican Crow .

. N ew MICHEL, FRED , York City

1 mm e 1 e e 1 e . Co on Box Tortois , Paint d Turtl , Musk Turtl l MICHEL, MRS . FRED . , Brook yn, N . Y . C 2 m Painte d Tu rtle ( spe ci e ns ) . e e e MI LLER, MISS ELEANOR , W stch st r, N . Y e Tovi Parrak e t .

MILLER, O SCAR , Brooklyn, N . Y . C

6 s 1 me e . Iguana , S outh A rican Tortois

L S e . MIL S, MISS TEI LA, Kingsbridg , N Y

Rose ate C o ckatoo . N ew MITCHELL, MISS ADDISON, York City

Undulate d Grass Parrakeet .

E E . D . N ew MOOR , , York City

Canary .

C . e o MOREHOUSE , FRED . , Bridg p rt, Conn - S h a rp S hinne d Hawk . W N ew MORGAN, C . York City - C oati Mun di . N ew MORSE , MRS . GEORGE R York City a Can ry. N ew ss . I t Mo , MRS ADR AN , York Ci y - - ﬁn h l R e d e . 1 Bull c , Bill d Hill Tit R N ew N E W YORK AQUA IUM , York City

e l i . 2 We st Indian Tortois s, All gator A N N ew NIL E S, JULI , York City 2 e me B arbary Turtl e Dove ( sp ci ns) . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 3 3

. H . S NISKT, MRS ROBERT , outh Ke nt, Conn S e l pott d S a amande r . O BT H C L I FFE , LORD, London, England oo e 1 1 e me W d Pig on ( sp ci ns ) .

O E R . N w ASTL R, MRS . F . , e York City mm e Co on Guin a Pig .

O . N ew ESTRICH, MRS CHARLES, York City e e a Ros at Cock too . e e PAINTER, KENYON V Cl v land , 0 1 e S 2 e - E e- e l Mask d Wood wallow, Whit y Brow d W oo d S wal ows .

H . e e e PAPKE , , J rs y City H ights, N . J s t e 4 e me Mu k Tur l ( sp ci ns ) .

W . PEARCE , GEORGE , Brooklyn, N . Y . C d R e Fox .

W R . N ew PETERS, . , York City S ee O wl 3 e me cr ch ( sp ci ns ) . I N ew P EL, MRS. MICHAEL, York City a f 2 e Ch f inch ( sp cime ns ) .

H . N e w PIERCE, MRS . C . , York City 1 e o Europ an G ldﬁnch, 3 Canarie s . N ew : POOCK, CAPTAIN, York City m Li pkin .

T T . B . . PO ER, R , Nyack, N Y oo 2 e me W d Tortoise ( sp ci ns ) .

. M . Y e . PYNE , MRS TA LOR, Princ ton, N J a e 2 e Gil Monst r ( sp cimens ) . N ew RAGOT, CHARLES, York City e e e 1 e 1 Band d Rattl snak , Garte r S nak . U N ew o RAINEY, PA L J Y rk City 6 -O e 2 W a l r u sse s 2 ea e 1 m Musk x n, , Polar B rs, 1 Blu Fox, Pu a . T ota l , 1 2 e sp c imens .

W . N e w REMER, JOHN , York City

C a rrion B eetle . R E Y L N ew , MASTER GEORGE , York City 2 e me Box Tortois e ( sp ci ns ) .

M . A . N e w RICE, , York City - 2 S ff e 1 e 1 1 Re d He ade d Cardinal , a ron Finch s , S up rb Calliste, Brazilian - m e e . 5 e e . S ilve r B e ak d Tanag r Total, sp ci ns

R V t . : RICHA DSON , JENNESS, Rutland , e l e 1 - e S e 3 e S e 1 5 Box 1 Milk S nak , Blacksnak , Hog Nos d nak , Gart r nak s, me a 2 1 s e . Turtle s . Tot l, p ci ns N e w : RICHTER, MRS . , York City

S cree ch O wl .

I R E . R DGWAY, JACO , Picacho Basin, Califa

Agassiz D ese rt Tortoise (4 sp ecime ns ) .

L . I L . o e ROBINSON , G . , L cust Vall y,

Ame rican Magpie .

W . N ew ROEDER, MRS . GEORGE , York City

Painte d Turtle (2 Spe cime ns ) .

L . N e w ROGGE , JOHN C . , York City

Flemish Gi a nt Rabbit .

e . . ROMANO, FRANK , Van N st, N Y C

Night Hawk . S a RUSTAN , ANNIE , aug tuck, Conn e S napping Turtl .

F e . S . S CHA ER, MRS . , High Bridg , N Y - Ye llow H e ad e d Amazon Parrot . W T a ttle Pr esiden a thr u h . B . t o S CHAGHTICOKE RATTLESNAKE CLUB ( o g , ) , S tr tf rd, Conn Bande d Rattle snake (3 spe cimens ) . 1 3 4 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

S E N ew COFI LD, MASTER LEONARD, York City

Box Tortoise .

S . A . O COTT, B , ttawa, O ntario , Canada

Loon .

' S C O IT . W . A . N w , MRS , e York City 1 es e m 1 - e e m F tiv A azon Parrot, Gray H ad d A azon Parrot . S EGE L K E N e e y , ROBERT, J rs y Cit , N . J ee e Gr n Monk y .

S T . ETON , ERNEST , Cos Cob, Conn

S kunk .

S R . e ve HAW, J , QUINCY ADAMS, B rly Farms, Mass e e 7 e me North rn Ground Dov ( sp ci ns) .

S . E . e e V a . : HAW, R , Charlott svill , S e S e e King nak , outh rn Gre n S nake .

S . T . N ew HELDON , MRS ROBERT , York City ma S ha Thrush .

S . D . N ew HEPARD, A , York City :

Coo pe r Hawk .

S . N ew IGLER, MRS LILLIAN , York City 2 e me Canary ( Sp ci ns) .

. L . . M . N e w S . MITH , C , AND DR G EDDY, York City e - e 2 e me T xan Bob Whit ( sp ci ns ) . N ew S MITH, C . R York City

Alligato r .

S F . S o MITH, WILBUR , outh Norwalk, C nn - Re d S houldere d Hawk . YD N ew S N ER, GEORGE , York City

Java S parrow .

L . . S PENCE, BERNIE , Brooklyn, N Y . C - Broad Winge d Hawk . “

I S . S . e . . S TILL, CLIFFORD Allianc , N Y

We st Indian Gophe r Tortoise .

K I E N E W . N ew C itv S T O C , . , York

Woodchuck . N ew S TRICKLAND, GEORGE , York City

wl e . S cre e ch O , T rrapin w ' E C . N e TAG, FR DERICK , York City

Alligator .

G . . . TAYLOR, , Brooklyn, N Y C

. e Flick r . N ew it D G . C v THACHER , MRS . ARCHIBAL , York

Mock ingbird . w E . N e THEW, GILMORE , York City Hog- Nose d S nake (2 spe cim e ns

L . N ew THOMPSON , G . , York City

l a e e 1 o e . 2 R ose l Parrak ts , C ckati l N e w THOMPSON , S AMUEL, York City — a a Blue Fronte d Am zon P rrot .

L . N ew TRENT, H—. , York City Hog Nos e d S nake .

P . . TRUSLOW, G . , Brooklyn , N Y . C a Californi Quail . ” N e w A S . S . S e VAN BOG ERT, CHARLES, anturc , York City

Duck Hawk . N ew M R S . VAN DE WATER , York City m e Blue Jay (2 sp eci ns ) . I S . . . VON BRIESEN , ARTHUR , Fort Wadsworth, , N Y - e Hog Nos e d S nak .

1 3 6 N EW YORK Z OOLOGICAL S OCIETY

G ifts to the ﬁthr a r q

A E N M . e o S e us e m a CL RK , JOH , Dir ct r tat M u , Alb ny, N . Y N e w S e e m em N 1 2 a 1 o f N w b York tat Mus u M oir o . , P rt , Birds e York, y a Elon How rd E aton . L U I A E Y RE N e w CO MB UNIV RSIT P SS, York City a m em N a t the a a o um . r o A tur lis in B h as (M orial V l e ) , by John I North p .

H L B . N ew : A L, CHARLES , York City

79 Ol d e ngravi ngs o f animal subj ects . 1 3 e a v e o f men O f e e ngr d p rtraits O sci nc . FE t r ou h J A c G u ir e e v 10 O UTDOOR LI ( h g . . M ) , D n er, C0 “ ” me 1 9 1 909 3 B ou nd Volu s of O utdoo r Life, for 08 and .

R e . USS, E DWARD, Hobok n, N J w — — R e por t of the N e J e rsey S tate Mus eum Inse cts 1 909 .

F H . . TR USTEES O THE BRITISH MUSEUM ( Natural istory) , London, S W , England

Memorials of Charle s Darwin . o h e o e h e Gui de t t e Crustac a, Arachnida , O nychophora and Myriop da x ibit d m f e m h e e O . in t e D part nt Zoology, British Mus u ( Natural History) e e e the e a r m o Guide to the British Vert brat s e xhibit d in D p t ent of Zool gy,

British Muse um ( Natural History) . - . S e L L . D . H a nd List of Birds, Vol . V, by R Bowdler harp , N ew VINCENT, FRANK , York City

T he Plant World .

Through and Through the Tropics .

T he Land of the W hite El e pha nt .

a the om o e . Actu l Africa, or C ing C ntin nt

v e . ( All the abo e by M r . Vinc nt )

R H . a . WRIGHT, ARTHU , Ithac , N Y

5 Zoo lo gical Publica tions . l i s t of Gifts to the NATIONAL COLLE CTION O F H EADS AND H ORNS

A r il 1 1 9 1 0 to A il ( p , , pr I ,

A Y A . N e w CAES R, HENR , York City

O d o b a enu s o b esu s . Paciﬁc Walrus , ( ) Pair of tusks on skull .

R L . N ew CLA K, JAMES , York City la hu s u r er s o o T r a e e c u . . B ng , ( g p y ) Horns

e S . : CROSS BAKER, Gl nwood prings , Colo e e e e ee O do c ileu s hemi nu s Int rlock d Antl rs of Mul D r, ( o o ) .

R e . DE RHAM, H . CASIMI , Tux do, N Y R a n i er t r r a n a e u e c ov e . e N wfo ndland Caribou , ( g f ) Mount d he ad .

D a ma lis cu s a lbi r on s . e e e . Bl sbok, ( f ) Mount d h ad H i tr a u s ni S e e e o e . e e abl Ant lop , ( pp g g r) Mount d h ad . - - e O x O vib os mos ha tu s . e e Barr n Ground Musk , ( c ) Mount d h ad .

C a a a lc n e i . Astor Markhor, ( p r f o r ) Mounte d he ad . Male ; Horns and

e . e . S calp . Mal ; Horns and skull Mal

R e d ee C r vu s ela hu s . Europe an D r, ( o p ) Antle rs .

v n s o e S N es otr a u s livin s toni a n u s . Li i g t n uni, ( g g ) Horns .

n ee vis k a r elini . e Ka r eli S h p, ( O ) Mounted h ad and horns .

e S ee O vis ni r im onta n a . e e Turk stan h p , ( g ) Mount d h ad and horns .

m a e C a a sib i i c a . H o e . 2 Hi al yan Ib x , ( pr r ) rns and skull . Mal sp ecime ns .

A r c a l S ee O vis c c loc er os . : e . S hapo o h p , ( g ) Horns and skull . Mal

onod on monoc er a s . \V 2 M . Narwhal, ( ) ith tusks , in skull ' T ou h W A thu BA N N A T AL e m h T . . D UR , , Mus u ( r g r r ) n id c a s u h r e A t o e c o . . 2 e S pringbuck, ( r ) Horns sp cime ns . N N ew : GRANT, MADISO , York City - O vi s c a n a ensi s . S . Big H orn, ( d ) kull and horns

L . e R . HARRISON , J , GEORGE , Philad lphia, Pa

e C a r a s ibi r i ca . e e . S ibe rian Ib x, ( p ) Mount d h ad

a e lu s a r u s . e e S ibe rian Ro e , ( C pr o pyg g ) Mount d h ad .

e Pa . : HART, FRANK, Doyl stown,

ff B os n a nu s . HOr ns . Congo Bu alo, ( )

e er vu s d u va u c eli . e Barasingha D e r, ( C ) Antl rs . u H me D ill o th o h R . I a IOWA S TATE UNIVERSITY ( r g o r ) , I wa City , l e v u s a na ns s k C r c d e i . e . Ame rican E , ( ) Antl rs Male .

C . N ew o : KENT, EDWIN , Y rk City e m e i a nu s se A lc s a c . e N ew Brunswick Moo , ( r ) Mount d he ad . I a E . E . B . e MCDANI L, DR , C dar Rapids, “ t a e e C er vu lu s r eevesi . e Chi ne se M un jac, or B rking D r, ( ) Antl rs . N e w i NORTON , G . FREDERIC, York C ty

e Ur su s emm on si . S . Glacie r B ar, ( ) kin

M . PHILLIPS, JOHN , Pittsburgh , Pa

ea mn s m n ta nu s . e O e me . Rocky Mountain Goat, ( r o o ) Mount d sp ci n (he ad, - shoulders and fore le gs) . N e w : ROSE, JOHN J York City

e e G a z ella cu v i er i . . em e . Atlas Gaz ll , ( ) Horns F al

A . WARD, R . , London , England

o ﬂ on O vi s mu sim n . e e . e . S ardinian M u , ( o ) Mount d H ad Mal 1 3 8 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

T he following h a v e m ade cash contributions to the National Co lle ction of * H e ads and Horns . e m e . e e S 3 r d Frank Hart, Charl s Farr lly, John J Paul, G org hiras , , Tho as Row R e e e m . . e land , Towns nd Lawr nc , Edward uss, Willia R C oe , W F . Gibson , H nry R o e s e m e w e e e . t . e b e r r A . Ca sar, Archibald g rs , Loui Maur r, Ja s W ks , A S John N y, m e M . r e r W . . e s o . . J . M . . H Chas , Ba c Littl , G Laughlin, J , John T . Piri , , F

We stove r . Eia t nf G ifta tn the Aqua r i um

E N ew : AARON, MRS . FANNI , York City

Young Alligator .

T T N D . em ABBO , JOH , North Dik an , Mass t e 4 e me Young S napping Tur l ( sp ci ns ) . ANONYMOUS :

Young Crocodile .

R . . BANBU Y, HOWARD, Brooklyn , N Y C

e e 2 e . 9 Paint d Turtl s , Box Turtl s R N ew : BLAI , REGINALD, York City m e Dia ondback T rrapin . O N ew : BL OM, J York City

Young Alligator .

e e . BLOOMING GROVE HUNTING AND FISHING CLUB, Gl n Eyr , N Broo k Trout S pawn

G . N ew BOLAND, WM . , York City

Young Alligator .

S e e L . I BOWDITCH , J . BLAIR , h lt r Island,

Young Alligator .

A . o . . BROWN , CHARLES , Bro klyn , N Y C e Young S napping Turtl .

K . T E . BRUCE , , hornburg, Iowa me Fanc y Japane se Goldﬁsh ( 1 2 sp eci ns ) . V H A US S E V e stﬁeld . BUR , AMU L, , N J

Woo d Turtle .

e . CADMUS, IRWIN , Bayonn , N J

Large S n a pping Turtle . N e w CO HN , DAVID , York City e Young Woo d Turtl .

L . I B . e DAVIS, A . , Wading Riv r ,

Large S napping Turtle .

B . e . DECKER, A . , Lak Hopatcong, N J

e e 6 e e . 8 Pick r l, Y llow P rch N ew DECKERT, RICHARD, York City

Young S napping Turtle (2 spe cimens) .

E N A . . DODGE ISS W A R R , , Y , M Brooklyn N C

Young Alligator .

J . . . DONOHUE , JOHN , Brooklyn, N Y C

e . 2 Diamondback T rrapins , Young Alligator N e w : DORN , RICHARD, York City

e 1 1 M a e . 1 0 S oft S hell Turtl s , p Turtl s

H . r . . ERSKINE , WM . , B ooklyn , N Y C

Young Alligator .

e e L . FERGUSON AS ERS FE AR C H A R AND RAIG, l s , , M T C Ha it

Young Alligator ( 6 Spe cime ns) .

o . . GALE , A . H Br oklyn, N Y C

Come t Goldﬁsh ( 2 sp e cime ns ) . w B . N e GALBRAITH , THOS . , York City

Young Alligator .

* ’ S ee Tre asure r s R eport .

1 40 N EW YORK Z OOLOGICAL S OCIETY

N L F N OB E , J . . , ew York City e e o 5 e me Gr n Fr g ( sp ci ns ) .

H . e e PAPKE , , J rs y City, N . J e 2 e me Musk Turtl ( sp ci ns ) . RA E C O . PA DIS BROOK TROUT , Parkside , Pa 3 0 - - e o , 50 e e two y ar lds y arlings and a coll ction of Brook Trout fry .

. A . R id eﬁel d PEARD , C , g Park, N . J

Young Alligator. R N ew PEA SON, PETER, York City e m a L a nd c r a b B r ud .

R E DPI E L D E . F. e , , Clost r, N . J oo e 5 S m e W d Turtl , ala and rs, quantity of frog spawn .

I L . N w RE D, FRED , e York City :

Musk Turtle . I N ew R DGWAY, J . J York City e a Fiddl r Cr b .

R . R OBERTS, CAPT . J . , Brooklyn, N . Y . C e e Young Gr n Turtle .

G . o . ROLSTON, HOWARD , Br oklyn, N Y . C o l Y ung A ligator .

S R . N ew o ANBORN , ELWIN , York Z ological Park

Axolotl .

A . N ew : S CHALL, , York City 2 S e S o e . p t napp rs , Blu Grunt S H OE N GO LD o , JOSEPH , Bro klyn, N . Y . C

S napping Turtle . ’ S S D S B a I OUTH I E PORTSMAN S CLU , O kdale, L . 44 o 8 R r o Bro k Trout, ainbow T ut .

S T E E GE R S e . , tapl ton, N Y

Young Gre e n T ﬁl r tl e . ‘

W . N e w S UMNER, F . , York City 5 e m 2 e e Larg outh Black Bass , Paint d Turtl s .

O D . N e w THEES, SCAR , York City

Mantis S hrimp .

R R . ‘ Voodha v en L . I THOMPSON , MA K , ,

L a rge Goldﬁsh . r d i n K en t e E th ou h M . E w 0 . N . TUX DO CLUB ( r g ) , Tux do Park,

e e a w . 1 8 larg S teelh ad Trout, sp n

th ou h H on G e e M . B ower s C o iss n S . . mm i o e U . BUREAU OF FISHERIES ( r g org , r) —S e S e ﬁ e Pair of Fur al pups ; pawn , Whit sh White P rch S ha d Atlantic S almon Bl a ck spotte d Trout Brook Trout

ob ok en . VOIGTLANDER, AUGUST, H , N J

Young Alligator.

y L . I WALLACE , MRS . MABEL , Far Rockawa ,

Young Alli gator . T N ew WAL ERS, ROBERT, York City m e Painte d Turtle ( 8 sp eci ns ) .

C . N ew : WOODS, WM . , York City

Young Alligator .

e . WUR ZBURGER, HENRY, Elizab th, N J

Blue Crab . N ew : YOUNG, JAMES, York City

Young Alligator .

o . . ZELT, MRS . , B ro klyn , N Y C

Painte d Turtle . Z L UM E R R N ew , CA L, York City

Hawksbill Turtle . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 41

Gifts In thr ﬁihr a r y

U F thr u h n H o . eo G e M . B owe s C ommi ssion e B REAU O FISHERIES ( o g rg r , r) , Wash in ton D g , . C e 1 9 R ports and Publications for 1 0 . E D CARNEGI INSTITUTION , Washington , . C 1 9 1 Publications for 0 .

F. DIMICK , F . , Boston, Mass 3 5 e e e e th Annual R port, Boston Fish ri s Bur au . S R F R h u D r t h . S . A Fo b es ILLINOIS TATE LABO ATORY O NATU AL HISTORY ( ro g . r , D i r ec tor ) e 8 9 Bull tins and .

. E . N ew JENNINGS, G , York City T he i e e- e e Fish ng Gaz tt W kly .

E G . D r MAY R, DR . A . , y Tortugas , Fla e s e the 3 M du a of World ( A . G . Maye r . N E W S th ou h M or s e S . R . C u r a tor JERSEY TATE MUSEUM ( r—g , ) e t . . S e e m 1 909 R por , N J tat Mus u . N E W YORK FOREST, FISH AND GAME COMMISSION , Albany, N . Y e s a 1 9 1 0 R port and Public tions for .

S N I D . MITHSONIA INST TUTION , Washington, C e 1 9 1 0 R ports and Publications for .

H . N ew TOWNSEND, C . , York City —H T he M . e . Apodidae . B rnard

. S . t D . U BUREAU OF EDUCATION , Washing on , C T h S e— 2 e Biological tations of Europ Kofoid ( copie s) .

T M . N ew WINGA E , HAROLD , York City ee he e A e m e Proc dings of t Philad lphia cad y of Natural S ci nce s .

ﬁmr ha a r a

O . N ew e AMERICAN FISH, GAME YSTER C O , O rl ans,

Large Hawksbill Turtle (4 sp ecime ns) . E GGE L I N G 0 N ew , , York City m S ire n (3 spe ci e ns ) . N N ew OLES, LOUIS, York City 4 e me Large Bull Frog ( sp ci ns ) . 8: S O N ew ROBINS NS, York City

e e ee . Lo bst r, w ighing sixt n and a half pounds

Ext ha ng r n

e c DETROIT AQUARIUM, D troit, Mi h c a ll u n e 8 e e S e 4 e e 7 e- e 3 S ee e 3 M u s g , R dhors uck r, Pick r l , Pik p rch, h ph a d ,

fi h 3 e 6 ee e 6 . 1 1 D r u m s , S pott d Catfish , Gr n Pik , Dogfish I A . G . e e e . H ZARD, R , P ac dal , R 2 e e 4 2 S e S s 5 ve 5 Largemouth Black B a ss , Pick r l, Catfish, uck r, unfi h, S il r 2 e a k fish 2 e 5 Bl a ck fish 2 o e Kin fish e S Gar, W , Cunn r, , P rgi , g , Mitch ll cul

2 e e 2 S e a 9 e . pin , S tarry Flound r, Fluk , Robin, Blu ﬁsh C HAR T E R

O F T H E

N E W YO R K Z O O L O G I C AL S O C I E T Y

43 5 F 1 95 CHAPTE R , LAWS O 8 .

AN ACT to incorporate the N ew York Zoological S oci e ty and to provid e for the e i me o e h w stabl sh nt of a z ological gard n in t e city of N e York . A S ame nde d by Chapte r 1 46 of th e Laws of 1 9 02 ; and by Chapte r 240 of the 1 9 1 0 Laws of .

S e e e 43 2 th 9 Chapt r of e Laws of 1 0 0 .

S ee e the N ew e 626 he 1 9 1 Chart r of City of York , S ction of t Laws of 0 .

T he P e le o the S ta t e o N ew Y r k r e esen ted in S en a te a nd A ssemb l op f f o , pr y, d o ena c t a s fo llows

S 1 . e m t nd r fer e . ee ECTION Charl s A . Dana , O swald O t e o , Andr w H Gr n , Willia

. e e m eo e . . S e D . e e H W bb , H nry H Cook, a u l B abcock, Charl s R . Mill r , G rg G m e e e . e W D e V oe . e e e u . Hav n , J Ha pd n Robb , Fr d ric . , J S av r Pag , R sh C Haw

me a e E . hV er S e e . e r . kins , David Ja s King, g wayn , Charl s A P abody, J , Charl s

m e m e E . e e e . S o r . s Whit h ad , Charl s R Flint, a u l Pars ns , J , Mornay Willia , H nry

e W . e e . m e D Gr gory, Isaac . Maclay, Isaac Ros nwald, Hugh N Ca p , Andr w Park r,

e u m H a ve me er e e honna r d m W . Corn li s Van Cott, Willia F . y , Fr d rick S , Willia m e e e e L O e . S S . Tho pson , Al xand r Hadd n, E dward . w n , John H tarin , Rush Huid

e a m . e h W . e e . kop r, Willi Goodrich, Alb rt H Gallatin, Fr d rick S Churc , E dward L m . S e . e o L a e C pitzka, Rob rt Nil s , Madis n Grant, C . Grant Farg , Willia —Van e e e m a e the b Valk nburg, and such oth r p rsons as y, und r provisions of its y laws , e me m em e the e e e e a r e e e e e b co b rs of corporation h r by cr at d , h r by cr at d a body

e e he me o f h N ew oo S e . corporat and politic , by and und r t na t e York Z logical oci ty 2 S E C . . S e m aid corporation shall have pow r to e stablish , aintain , and control e e e o h m zoological parks , gard ns, or oth r coll cti ns for t e pro otion of zoology and

e e the r e th e e . kindr d subj cts , and for inst uction and re cr ation of e p opl S aid cor o r a tion ma e a n d e e for o e e p y coll ct, hold , xp nd funds zo logical r s arch and publica the e n m e a nd e s e m a tion, for prot ction of wild a i al lif , for kindr d purpo s , and y m e m c o- e e e h m e pro ot , for , and op rat with oth r associations wit si ilar purpos s , and m a a e e e m e me a e the y purch s , s ll , or xchange ani als , plants , and sp ci ns appropri t to e a obj cts for which it was cre te d .

m e E 3 . T h m e e S C . e anag rs of said corporation shall have pow r to ak and b - h - ff e adopt y laws for t e manageme nt and governme nt of its a airs and busin ss , the m e e s m em e the e m for ad ission , susp nsion , and xpul ion of its b rs , and for t r s and conditions of memb ership ; to pre scribe the numbe r and mod e of e le ction of fﬁ - e its o c ers ; to de ﬁne the ir dutie s ; to provide for the safe keeping of its prop rty, m m m - a and fro ti e to ti e to alte r and modify its b y l ws .

4 T he a fi a ir s e a b e m a e S E C . . and busin ss of said corporation sh ll an g d and e the m e m a b e e e controlle d by a board of manag rs , nu b r of who sh ll pr scrib d by - T he m e b e e o ee the b y l a ws . first board of anag rs shall divid d by lot int thr e ffi e o ne e a n l a e e a l m e r, one l sh ll h f r y , c ss s , qu in nu b of which c ass s a old o c o ar he e for ee e e e e e be other for two ye ars , and t oth r thr y ars ; and all p rsons l ct d to ee e i m anage rs at any subse que nt ele ction shall hold office for thr y ars , and unt l - e e b e e e v e e en , othe rs a r e e l ecte d in the ir st e ad . Th r shall a pr sid nt, two ic pr sid ts

e e e the m e , who tre asure r and s e cre tary, to b e l ct d by board of anag rs annually T he ﬁ me e i e Shall hold oﬁi c e until othe rs a r e ele cte d in their ste ad . rst t ng und r

N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

1 T he w S ECTION . board of estimate and apportionment of the city o f N e ma l e ex eu York y annua ly, in its discr tion, include in the budge t for the then n t e i n su m m a b a te suing ﬁnancial y ar, addition to any m or su s which y e appropri d for the ad e quate support and mainte nance of the N ew York Zoo logical Park or a e e the the m e e a nd e g rd ns , situat d in borough of Bronx, and ad inist r d contr oll d the N ew oo S e e su m um e for by York Z logical oci ty, a furth r or s s, in its discr tion, the u se the N e w o S e o e e e the of said York Z ological oci ty, pr vid d , how v r, that addi ti ona l appropriation he reby authorized shall b e m a de only in case an agree me nt is e nte re d into be tween the said N ew York Zoological S o cie ty and the city of N ew e m e m e the e a e e e York, acting by its board of sti at and apportion nt for ad qu t k ping, e e e e e e v he a r e maint nanc , xt nsion , pr s r ation and exhibition of t building and pp oach s l m the re to and col ections of aquatic ani als and plants containe d the re in, known as he N e w m e the e the M a n t York Aquariu , situat d in Batt ry park in borough of r e e n d hattan in said ci ty, and also for furnishing Oppo tunities for study, r s arch a e e th publication in conn ction with said coll ctions , which contract e said board of e ma e me e e e e ze e sti t and apportion nt is h r by xpr ssly authori d, in its discr tion, to make upon such te rm s and conditions as m a y b e agre ed upon with the s a id N ew e h w h York Zoo logical S oci ty, and which contract shall also provid e o t e duty of the commissione r of parks for the boroughs of Manhattan and Richmond in r e sp e ct to maintaini ng the said aquarium now impos e d upon him by law shall b e me perfor d .

mme a e . C . 2 e e f e S E . This act shall tak f ct i di t ly BY - L AW S

O F T H E

N E W YO RK Z O O L O G I C AL S O C I E T Y

AM E N D E D T O JA N UA R Y 1 1 1 2 , 9 0 .

A RTICLE I .

F H E MEETIN G S O T SOCIETY .

S 1 T he oﬂi c a ECTION . e and plac e of busine ss of the N e w York Zoologic l S e a b e the l N ew u e e e . oci ty sh ll in City of York , n ess othe rwis ord r d

S E C . 2 T he S o e a me i th e e M a n . ci ty shall hold its annu l e t ng for e l ction of e nd e e the e e d a e e ag rs , a oth r busin ss , on s cond Tu s ay of J nuary, or such day th r afte r during the month of Janu a ry to which said annual m ee ting shall adj ourn .

E 3 e a me e h a th e e a S C . . S e e p ci l tings of t e S oc ie ty sh ll b call d by e S cr t ry, upon the e e the e e the a m a the e e mm e e a t r qu st of Pr sid nt or Ch ir n of Ex cutiv Co itt , or th e e e n m e writt n r qu st of te emb e rs .

S E 4 . e me e a b m e e me m e the S o e C . Notic s of all tings sh ll e ail d to ach b r of ci ty e ee e me e at l ast thr days b fore such ting .

m e h e e n e a m . E C . 5 e t e e me m S . At tings of S oci ty tw nty b rs shall co stitut quoru

6 T he e e S E C . . ord r of busin ss shall b e as follows 1 C . . Roll all

2 e m e e e a . R ading of inut s not pr viously r d .

R e port of Exe cutive Committe e .

n a s R e port of S e cre t ry .

n r a i r r g R eport of T e sr e .

s g R eport of the Dire ctor of the Zoological Park . m q R eport of Dire ctor of the Aqu ariu . n g El e ction of Manage rs . o m . c Com unications

e e e . 1 0 . Misc llan ous busin ss

1 1 e a n d e n . . R ports r solutio s

A RTICLE I I .

BOARD O F MANAGERS .

T h a a a e - me m e e e 1 . e S E C . Bo rd of M n g rs shall consist of thirty six b rs , tog th r e th e a mm e with the Mayor of N ew York and Pre sid nt of Park Bo rd, or Co ission r

- a b e m e m e em o i c i o the . for the Bronx, who sh ll b rs ﬁ of Board

a t e m te n m er m a E 2 . e e e a e S C . Nin t n M nag rs sh ll consti ut a quoru , but anag s y u e the e e transact curre nt busine ss , and adj o rn , subj ct to subs qu nt approval of a mee ting at which a quorum sh a ll b e pre se nt . 1 46 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

3 T S E C . he . Board of Managers shall hold an annual mee ting on the third Tue sday of January or 0 11 such d a v the re afte r to which s a id annual m e e ting shall e m adj ourn . R gular e etings of the Board m a y also b e call e d by the S e cretary on the third Tue sdays of O ctob e r and April upon the r e que st of the Pre sid e nt or m the e e mm ee S e me he a b e Chair an of Ex cutiv Co itt . p cial etings of t Bo rd shall a e a t me th e S e e the e e f he e e c ll d any ti by cr tary, upon r qu st o t Pr sid nt or Chair m a n f h e mm e a o t e e e the e e ﬁv e e . Ex cutiv Co itt , or t writt n re qu st of Manag rs

E C . 4 S . Notice s of m e e tings of the Board shall b e m aile d to e ach Manage r e ee e e m ee at l ast thr days b for such tings .

E 5 . T h e S C . e succ ssors to the o u tgoing class of Manage rs Shall b e ele ct e d by the S e m ee a e the m a b e e he oci ty at its annual ting, but v canci s in Board y ﬁll d for t e m he h e e t e t e e e C mm ee . un xpir d t r by Board of Manag rs , or by Ex cutiv o itt

E 6 m n mm b e x c S C . . A No inati g Co ittee shall e annually appoint d by th e E e u e mm e e ee m em e the S e e tiv Co itt , and shall consist of thr b rs of oci ty at larg , who shall nominate and post t en days b e fore the annual e l ection the name s of twelve pe rsons to succ e e d the outgoing cl a ss of Manage rs in a conspicuous pl a c e in the ofﬁce of the S oci e ty .

7. e b e e e he e S E C . No p rson shall e ligible for l ction to t Board of Manag rs e e e e me e e e e a s e xc pt to ﬁll vacanci s , unl ss his na shall hav b n post d a candidat mm e e e t en m em e w by such co itt , or by not l ss than b rs , in riting, in a Conspicuous a A ll place in the ofﬁc e of the S oci e ty ten days b e fore the annu l e l e ction . candi e e e e m b e e e m e e dat s for l ction as Manag rs ust Lif M b rs , Patrons , Associat Found e r s e the S e . , or Found rs of oci ty

E C 8 e e ee e e me e S . . Any Manag r who shall fail to att nd thr cons cutiv tings of

the e e e e th e e e b e e . Board , unl ss xcus d by vot of Board , shall c as to a Manag r

m e a e e E C 9 . T he 1 e ee e S . Boa d of Manag rs shall at its annual ting l ct Pr sid nt, S e e a nd e a e ﬁ e one two Vice Pre sid ents , a cr tary, a Tr sur r , who shall hold of c for

e e e a r e e e e . T he e e e e e y ar, or until th ir succ ssors l ct d Pr sid nt, Vic Pr sid nts , and h Tre asur e r shall b e m emb e rs of t e B o ard .

T he e the the e the m S E C 1 0 . . Dir ctor of Zoological Park , Dir ctor of Aquariu , e the e b e o e the and all oth e r p e rsons employ d b y S oci ty, shall app int d by Board mm ee a nd fﬁ e the e e of the or by the Executiv e Co itt , shall hold o c during pl asur

B oard .

C o m E 1 1 T he . its m ee e e e e S C . . Board shall at annual ting , l ct an Ex cutiv mm ee ﬁ e one e mitte e and Auditing Co itt , which shall hold of c for y ar , or until el ect ed T he a M e the e e Com the ir succ e ssors a r e . Bo rd of anag rs and Ex cutiv mittee Shall also have authority to appoint such othe r Committe e s or O ﬁi c e r s as a m e d ee m d c si r a b l e e e a e em e they m y at any ti , and to d l g t to th such pow rs as a b e e m y e n c ssary.

E 1 2 T he e e the m e e th e b e S C . . ord r of busin ss of tings of Board shall as follows :

Roll call .

R e ading of m inute s not pre viously re ad .

R e port of Exe cutiv e Committe e .

R e port of S e cre tary .

R eport of Tr ea sure r . R eport of Auditing Committe e

R epO I t of Dire ctor of the Zoological Park .

R e port of Dire ctor of the Aquarium . fﬁ e Ele ction of O c rs .

Election of Committee s .

Ele ction of n e w membe rs .

Communications .

Misc e llane ous busin e ss .

1 48 NE W YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

A RTICLE I V .

C O lVI M I T T E E S .

S E C . 1 . e e b e mmi e Th r shall two standing co tt e s , the Executive Committe e the mm e e fﬁ n and Auditing Co itt , which shall hold o c e for o e ye ar or until th eir e a r e e e e succ ssors l ct d .

S E C . 2 . T he e e mm e e a e e e e Ex cutiv Co itt sh ll consist of s v n Manag rs , togeth r the e e S e e t the e ex - i a with Pr sid nt and cr ary of S oci ty oﬁ c o . Four m emb e rs sh ll e m a ll me e b e e h e a he constitut a quoru , and tings shall call d by t Ch irman . T Exe cutive Committe e shall ﬁll all vacanci e s in its own numbe r a n d shall have the e th e M e e e so e e full pow rs of Board of anag rs , xc pt far as such d l gation o f powe r m a b e y contrary to law .

3 . T he e e m m e a S E C . Ex cutiv Co it t e sh ll h a ve the control and re gulation of the e l e e the e a coll ctions , ibrary, and all oth r prop rty of S oci ty, and sh ll hav e

“ e o e e e e e me em pow r t purchas , s ll , and xchang sp ci ns and books , to ploy and control a ll fﬁ e m e e the S e m e e o cials and ploy s of oci ty, Park , and Aquariu , and g n rally to carry out in de tail the dir ections of the Board of Manage rs and the te rms of e ee th e the e . any contract b tw n City, or Park Board , and S oci ty

4 . A ll the e a n d e i S E C . rul s r gulat ons for the e xamin a tion of applicants for

' the v a r i o u S position s in the Park and Aqu a rium shall b e m ad e or approve d by e e ve mm ee th Ex cuti Co itt .

E 5 T he e e mm ee m a e e the S C . . Ex cutiv Co itt y r gulat auditing and payme nt for all curre nt accounts .

E 6 T he e e omm e e n S C . . Ex cutiv C itt shall a nually appoint an Aquarium C om m ittee W e e e a r e se t o S e o 1 1 e I , hos duti s and pow rs f rth in cti n of Articl V of - the se By Laws .

E C 7. T he e e mm e e S o m C om S . Ex cutiv Co itt hall annually app int a No inating mitte e whose ' d u t ie s we a r e se t S e 6 7 e I I , — and po rs forth in ctions and , Articl , of the se By Laws .

ﬁ E 8 . I S e n e e S C . t shall also appoint a ci nti c Cou cil , whos pow rs and dutie s 2 V e e B - a r e se t forth in S ection of Articl e of th s y Laws .

“ m e m e e e e e me e E . 9 T he m e S C . Co itt shall ak a writt n r port at ach r gular ting

the o f M a n a er s . of Board , g

E C 1 0 T he n mm ee e e e m em e S . . Auditi g Co itt shall consist of thr r gular b rs of

‘ o the e e S e e m em e ex —o i c i o the S oci e ty, in additi n to Pr sid nt and cr tary, b rs ﬁ , and I t b e the v acanci e s sh a ll b e ﬁlle d by the Exe cu tive Committee . shall duty of ' m e e a d t e the e u e the the Auditing Com itt to u it , annually, h accounts of Tr as r r , of f he a n d the e the m Dir ector o t Zoological Park , of Dir ctor of Aquariu , and any ‘ othe r a c c o u nt s th-e S oc i et e o the o e _ of y, and shall r p rt to B ard of Manag rs at its ee annual m ting .

E 1 1 T he e e m m ee m S C . . Ex cutiv Co itt shall annually appoint an Aquariu e e e e me m e o f S c e fi e Comm itte e, not to xc d ight b rs this o i ty , who shall hold of c until A l l e b e fi e the e C om the ir succ e ssors a r e chos e n . vacanci s shall ll d by Ex cutive — T e e o i the a m b e ex o c i o m em e the m itt e e . h Dir ctor Aqu riu shall fi a b r and mm ee omm ee m a e him Chairman of the Aquarium Co itt , and such C itt y v st in 2 T he a m the e e mm e e a n d the any or all o f its powe rs . Ch ir an of Ex cutiv Co itt S ecr e tary of the S ocie ty shall also b e em- ofi ci o m emb e rs of the Aquarium C om

e e m em e i e m . T he e i e C mm e e mitte e . Thr b rs shall const tut a quoru Ex cut v o itt m a e em m a y d e le gate to the Aquarium Committe e such powe rs as it y d prop e r . FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 49

A RTICLE V .

SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL .

E C 1 T he e m m ee a a a S . . Ex cutive Co itt sh ll annu lly appoint S cie ntific Council m e t e n m e m e a nd a fill a ll a a e m e of not or than b rs , sh ll v c ncie s . M b rs of the fi e a Council shall hold of ce until the ir succ ssors r e appointe d .

E 2 . T he e the b e to a S C . duti s of Council shall act as an dvis o ry bo a rd in all m e e a the e a m a the S e att rs p rt ining to sci ntific d inistr tion of oci ty, and e spe cially o the e ﬁ e e the a the m as t sci nti c f atur s of P rk , pro otion of zoology by publications e e the e e the a e a me and oth rwis , and pr s rvation of n tiv f una of A rica .

m em e the m a l S E C . 3 . u e Four b rs , including Chair an , sh l constit t a quorum . a b e e e a the T h T he Chairm n shall e l ct d annu lly by Council . e Ch a irm an of the — Exe cutive Committe e and the S e cre tary of the S ocie ty sh a ll b e me mb e rs em oﬁi c i o of the council .

I A RTICLE V .

DI E M BE R S .

h e 1 . T e e mem a nd a m e S E C . pr s nt b e rs such othe rs s shall b e co e ass ociat d t em e the e e the B - a a b e m e m e o f with h , und r conditions pr scrib d by y L ws , sh ll b rs e a - this S ocie ty as long as th y sh ll comply with the By Laws .

- 2 . e m e m a O d S E C . e e B e o M b rs failing to co ply with th s y L ws , or for oth r g a nd fﬁ e e m a b e e e e m he e he e e om su ci nt caus , y xp ll d fro t S oci ty by t Ex cutiv C mi t e e t .

3 . m e S E C . Candidates for emb rship shall b e propos e d and se conde d by me m th T h a m e a a n d e e S e . e e e e e e e b rs of oci ty n , occup tion plac of r sid nc of v ry me mb e r a s propos e d sh a ll b e submitte d for e l e ction to the Board of Manage rs or the e e mm e e e e e e e e m e a m em e Ex cutiv Co itt , and such p rson, wh n l ct d , shall b co b r me h e e h t t e ee e c e e . upon pay nt of annual du s , or of f s as pr s rib d b low

S E C . 4 . e e b e o a s e a Th r shall a class kn wn F llows , which sh ll consist of me m e o f the S e e e e e m e e e e e s ha ll b rs oci ty who hav r nd r d ark d s rvic s to sci nc , and e e T he e e a n d e e b e chose n by the Exe cutive Committ . privil g s du s of F llows shall f b e e e the me a s e o e me m e the S o e . , in all r sp cts , sa thos r gular b rs of ci ty

S E C . 5 . T he e a b e t e n a e i n e the annual du s sh ll doll rs , payabl advanc , on ﬁ o f M a e e a the ec e mm e e m a em the e rst day y of ach y r , but Ex utiv Co itt y r it du s for the curre nt ye ar in the c a se o f m e mb e rs e le cte d b e twee n January l st and M a y T he e me m e a b e l st of e ach ye ar . class s of b rship sh ll as follows

E T he a me 200 a t one m e m m e e 6 . e e S C . p y nt of $ ti shall constitut any b r a Lif

Membe r . A memb e r who h a s p a id annual d ue s for a p e riod of ﬁve ye ars m a y the re a a t a n m e the a me the ffe e e e ee the m fte r, y ti , upon p y nt of di r nc b tw n a ount of e a 200 e me e em e me b e due s alr ady p id and $ , b co a Lif M b r, but such pay nt shall 1 not le ss than $ 00 .

T he me on e me the a e e em e E 7. S C . pay nt of at ti , or in c s of a Lif M b r, m em 800 e e . of $ , shall constitut any b r a Patron

' E 8 T he me o f 2 500 a t on e me the e a S C . . pay nt $ , ti , or in cas of Patron of or of a Life Me mb e r of shall constitute a ny memb e r an Associat e e Found r .

m em e e the S e or e 9 . S E C . Any b r who shall donat to oci ty prop rty e e e u e e of qual valu , or any Associat Fo nd r who shall donat or any Patron who shall don a te m a y b e e le cte d by the B o ard of Manage rs or Exe cutive

Committee a Founde r . 1 50 N EW YORK ZOOLOGICAL S OCIETY

S E C . 1 0 . m Any me b e r who Shall hav e donate d to the S oci e ty t en thousand e e m a b e e dollars or its quival nt, y le cte d by the Bo a rd of Manage rs the e ve mm ee e e e or Ex cuti Co itt a Found r in P rp tuity . S uch Founde r in Pe r pe tu ity sh a ll have the powe r to d e signate by a last will and te sta me nt his suc e e e o b e e c ssor, who shall th r up n ntitle d t o a ll the rights and privile ges of the a e e e origin l Found r in P rp tuity, including the right of de signating in turn his e succ ssor .

E C . 1 1 mem e S . Any b r who shall h a ve do n ate d to the S oci e ty or its e e m a b e e e e the l , y l by f e , the xe e mm ee quiva nt ct d Board o Manag rs or E cutiv Co itt , e e a B e ne factor . B n factors shall have the rights and privile ge s of a Founde r in

Pe rpe tuity .

1 2 e s who en S E C . . P r ons have r der e d m a r k e d se rvic e in the scie nce of zoology m a b e e e e em e or natural history y l ct d Honorary M b rs , but not more than thre e em e b e e e e one e e such Honorary M b rs shall l ct d in any cal ndar y ar .

E . 1 3 e e mem e S C . A r sid nt b r who sh a ll have r ende re d m arke d scie ntiﬁc or profe ssiona l se rvic e s to the S oci ety in any branch of its work ma y b e e lecte d by the e e mm ee e em e te e Ex cutiv Co itt a Lif M b r, Patron, Associa Found r, or Founde r . A re side nt o f N ew York who shall have r e nde re d m arke d s e rvice in zoology or ma b e e e e the e e mm ee e m e natural history y l ct d by Ex cutiv Co itt a P r an nt Fe llow. — S E C . 1 4 . ou e e who mm e e m N r sid nts co unicat valuabl infor ation to the S oci ety,

e e e e m e e e . the e e o or who hav r nd r d ark d s rvic in sci nc of Zool gy or natural history, e e e em e m a y b e e l ct d Corr sponding M b rs .

S E C . 1 5 . e e e e e e B n factors , Found rs in P rp tuity, Found rs, Ass ociate Found e r s e em e em e e m e , Patrons , Lif M b rs , Honorary M b rs , P r an nt F ellows , and Cor em e b e e em -m re sponding M b rs shall x pt fro annual due s .

A RTICLE V I I .

E F PRIVILEG S O MEMBERS .

’ m em e e m the mem e a nd hi mm f m l o E 1 . t s e e t S C . A b r s tick ad its b r i diat a i y h e e e e e e e m a b e t e Park on r s rv days , and to all l ctur s and sp cial xhibitions , and y ’ e mme e m b h e use d by the m emb r s i diat fa ily, and shall e good for t e curr nt ye ar .

m e the m E C 2 . s e e e S . Ad i sion tick ts to Park and Aquariu on r s rv days a r e m m e a r e o the e e issue d to e b rs for distribution , and g od for curr nt y ar .

’ E 3 me m e the S e e e me m e e S C. . E ach b r of oci ty is ntitl d annually to a b r s tick t and to t en admission ticke ts .

4 me m e e e e one the e h S E C . . E ach b r shall also r c iv copy of catalogu or and h e fﬁ the e l e the book, t e r port and o cial publication of S oci ty , and sha l hav all ’ e m e pri vilege s of the Library and M b rs Building .

E C 5 m em e b e e e the e e e m e e S . . No b r shall ntitl d to privil g s nu rat d in this

Article unless his annual dues shall have b ee n paid .

me m e e n E C . 6 T he e em e ve the e e t S . Lif M b rs shall ha all privil g s of b rs and m e additional ad ission tick ts .

o e e er S E C . 7. e e e e e B n factors , Found rs in P rp tuity, F und rs , Associat Found s ' h e e f m e t and Patrons Shall h a v e all t e privil g s o Life Me b rs , and shall in addi ion re ce ive copie s of all scientiﬁc works publishe d by the S o cie ty .

fiJuhr x

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