Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences www.eurasianjvetsci.org - www.ejvs.selcuk.edu.tr

Helminthiasis in theSHORT COMMUNICATION of Rangamati district of Bangladesh

1, Debaraj Chakma2 3 4, Ausraful Islam4*

Safiul Ahad Sardar , Anisuzzaman , Kamal Hossain

Özet Abstract

Sardar SA, Chakma D, Anisuzzaman, Hossain K, Islam A. Sardar SA, Chakma D, Anisuzzaman, Hossain K, Islam A. - Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 4, 233-236 desh. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 4, 233-236 Bangladeş’in Rangamati bölgesi domuzlarında helmintiazis. in the pigs of Rangamati district of Bangla - This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of - helminths among domestic pigs. Totally 135 local pigs and Araştırma evcil domuzlarda helmint prevalansını belirle- cross-breed pigs were sampled. The faecal samples were mek amacıyla yapıldı. İnceleme 135 yerel ve melez ırk do muzda yapıldı. Dışkı örnekleri Stoll`s ova tekniği uygulana rak incelendi. İncelenen örneklerin Metastrongylus 75 (%55.5)’inin sp. ve bir veya speciesexamined of byhelminths. using Stoll`s The ovaprevalence counting of method. Metastrongylus Among thesp. daha fazla helmint ile enfekte olduğu belirlendi. 0-12 ay yaş- andsampled Fasciolopsis pigs 75 (55.5%) were infected with one or more ile 0-70 kg domuzlarda - dasp. Fasciolopsisprevalansı 12 ay ile 70 kg üzeri olanlardan önemli oran- sp. was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the da (p<0.05) yüksek belirlendi. Erkek ve lokal ırk domuzlar Thepigs prevalenceof 0-12 months of Fasciolopsis age and 0-70 kg body weight groups sp. prevalansı dişiler ve melez ırklardan yük- highercompared in males to over and 12 local months pigs and than 70 females kg body and weight cross-breed groups. sek (p<0.05) tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak domuzların birçok pigs, respectively. In conclusion,sp. pigs was aresignificantly infected with (p<0.05) sev- helmint türü ile enfekte olduğu ve sürekli tedavilerin gerek eral species of helminths. So regular dewarming is neces- tiği gözlendi. Uygulamalar ise domuzların sağlık durumları sary which will not only develop the health status of the düzeltirken zoonoz riskini de düşürebilecektir.

domestic pigs but also will reduce the risk of the zoonoses.

1 2 *[email protected] 3Department of Parasitology, FacultyUpazilla of Livestock Veterinary Officer, Science, Veterinary Bangladesh Surgeon, Agricultural Upazila Livestock Office, Rangamati Sadar,4Centre for Communicable Diseases, icddr,b, Bangladesh Anahtar kelimeler: Helmint, prevalans, domuz University, Mymensingh-2202, Keywords: Helminth, prevalence, Received: 12.09.2012, Accepted: 03.10.2012 Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 4, 233- 236 Pig helminths Sardar et al 234

Pig population, reared in the household of Bangladesh, Table 1. Overall prevalence of helminthes in pigs. Name of helminth Fasciolopsis sp. Dinajpur,is 326.000 Naogaon (Anonym and 2010). Tangail Although districts ethnic rear familiespigs for affected (%) Ascaris sp. of Chittagong Hill tracts, Narayangonj, Mymensingh, 27 (20%) Oesophagostomum sp. - 25 (18.5%) Metastrongylus sp. householded in the southeast consumption Bangladesh. (Islam et Helminths al 2006), onlynot onlyone 21 (15.6%) Brachylaemus sp. Governmentdeprive the pigs pig farmfrom is nutrients at Rangamati, but also a district damage locat in- 16 (11.9%) Necator sp. ternal tissues making them more vulnerable to other 2 (1.5%) Trichuris sp. diseases, and the end result is great economic loss 2 (1.5%) Overall 1 (0.7%) 75 (57.8%) buski.(Johnson The et prevalence al 1972, Soulsbyof this parasite 1982). Moreover,in Bangladesh few ity occurred may be due to geographical location and helminths have zoonotic importance. Fasciolopsis Fasciolopsis wasVery confirmed few studies in were previous conducted studies in (Islam Bangladesh et al 2006). to ad- Ascarissampling time. Among Oesophagostomumthem the prevalence (20%) of Metastrongylussp. (Figure 3) was the highest followed by - of Brachylaemussp. (Figure sp., 4), Necator sp. and Trichuris sp. (Figure- troldress program, the parasitic it is essentialproblem ofto pigsknow (Islam parasitic et al preva 2005,- 2) and sp. (Figure 1). The prevalence lenceIslam ofet anal area.2006, For Islam this et reason, al 2008). this For study strategic was under con- these parasites was also reported by Nwoha sp.and (Fig Ek- taken to know the parasitic prevalence of pigs. ure 5) was very low (below 2%). Low prevalence of For the study of prevalence of parasites, local pigs Necator sp., Fasciolpsis sp., Trichuris wurike (2011). Interestingly, among the identified reared in semi-scavenging system from different plac- helminths ( sp.) had zoonotic importance (Soulsby 1982, Graczyk et al The prevalence of Metastrongylus sp. and Fasciolop- es of Rangamati district and cross-breed pigs reared 2001, Azam et al 2007, Lobo et al 2011). Farm were sampled from September to November, sis 2011.in intensive A total system of 135 in faecalthe Government samples were Rangamati examined Pig months age group compared to higher age group - sp. was higher (p<0.05) among the pigs of 0-12 at 3.49 and 8.36 times more risk of being infected by (Cable 1957, Soulsby 1982). Faecal sample examina conducted in the laboratory, Department of Parasi- Metastrongylus(Table 2). The pigssp. ofand 0-12 Fasciolopsis month’s agesp., grouprespective were- tology,tion, parasites Faculty of identification Veterinary Science, and preservation Bangladesh were Ag- - Brachylaemus sp. and Trichuris sp. were ab- sently. These among findings the pigs are of inup agreementto12 months with age Islam group. et Ne- al ricultural University, Mymensingh. For the conveni cator(2006). sp. was absent among the pigs of more than12 ent of the study, the pigs were divided into age (0-12 months, >12 months), sex (83 females, 52 males), management systems (85 local pigs, 50 cross-breed months age group. Low prevalence of these helminths Prevalence of the helminths in age, sex, management pigs) and body weight groups (0-70 kg, >70 kg). in pigs was also documented previously (Permin et al systems and body weight groups was evaluated by Fasciolopsis sp. was higher among males than females 1999, Nwoha and Ekwurike 2011). The prevalence of - Fasciolopsis sp. was 2.9 times higher among the males pigs compared chi-square test. p<0.05 value was accepted statisti (Table 2). The risk of being infected by cally significance level. to the female. This finding contradicts with Sangeeta A total of 75 (57.80%) pigs were infected with one or et al (2002), Eijck and Borgsteede (2005) and Nwoha more species of helminths (Table 1). This finding is not- studies.and Ekwurike Prevalence (2011). of TrichurisDisparity sp.might was have not observedoccurred supported by the findings of Islam et al (2006) who due to geographical location and sample size of the reported 100% prevalence of helminthiasis. Dispar

Figure 1. Ova of Metastrongylus sp. Figure 2. Ova of Oesophagostomum sp. Figure 3. Ova of Fasciolopsis sp. Figure 4. Ova of Ascaris sp. Figure 5. Ova of Trichuris sp.

Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 4, 233- 236 Pig helminths Sardar et al 235

Necator

among the males (Table 2). The prevalenceTrichuris of sp. was 1 b b prevalentsp. was significantly only among (p<0.01) the local higher pigs and among absent the among local thepigs cross-bred than cross-bred pigs. As pigs the (Table cross-bred 2). pigs are raised (1.4%) 1 (1.4%) 2 (2.7%) 7.48 2.93 5 (6.8%) 13 (17.8%) in better management system, it is likely that preva- 5 (6.8%) 1 Metastrongyluslence among them sp. willand beNecator lower. This finding was in a a agreement with Lai et al (2011). The prevalence of sp. was significantly (p<0.05) associated with body weight and higher (1.6%) 0 0 Odds ratio 11 (17.7%) Odds ratio Odds ratio 22 (35.5%) among the pigs of 0-70 kg compared to over 70 kg (kg) weight Body 8 (12.9%) 15 (24.2%) 10 (13.7%) (TableIn conclusion, 2). control strategies including regular deworming and proper sanitation should be done. Hence, this application may improve the health status

of the pigs and reduce the risk of human infection by b 1 (2%) 0 1 (2%) 0.74 1 (2%) zoonotic Reference parasites.

poultry survey 2009. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, 1 a Anonym, 2010. Report of the household-based livestock and

Statistics Division, Ministry of Planning, Government of - the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. 1 (1.18%) Odds ratio 26 (30.59%) testinal parasites and sanitary practices among the rural Breed Azamchildren. SAS, Bhuiyan J Teachers MMR, Assoc, Choudhury 20, 1-5. MZ, Miah KA, 2007. In

- a Berger H, Garces TR, Fisher RK, DeLay RL, Gale GO, Boyd JE, Simkins48, 852-854. KL, 1987. Efficacy, safety, and residue evalua tion of levamisole gel formulation in sows. Am J Vet Res, 0 16 (30.77%) Buckley JJC, 1939. Observations on hominis M (n=52) Local (n=85) (n=50) Cross (n=60) 0-70 kg (n=75) >70 kg

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