INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE CLOUD ARCHITECTURES
CS 595 LECTURE 5 IAAS CLOUD ARCHITECTURES
• Introduction to IaaS • IaaS Ecosystems • Open Source • Hardware virtualization • Eucalyptus • CPU • Openstack • Memory • Cloudstack • I/O • OpenNebula • Nimbus • Network • Public Clouds • Software virtualization • Amazon AWS • Hypervisors • Google App/Compute Engines • Microsoft Azure • KVM • Xen • Other Cloud Issues • VirtualBox • Live Migration • Full Virtualization • Scalability • Para Virtualization • Availability • Host OS Virtualization • Management 2 Performance • Container-based Virtualization • • Security AMAZON AWS • Grew out of Amazon’s need to rapidly provision and configure machines of standard configurations for its own business. • Early 2000s – Both private and shared data centers began using virtualization to perform “server consolidation” • 2003 – Internal memo by Chris Pinkham describing an “infrastructure service for the world.” • 2006 – S3 first deployed in the spring, EC2 in the fall • 2008 – Elastic Block Store available. • 2009 – Relational Database Service • 2012 – DynamoDB • Does it turn a profit? $2.57 billion in 2015 (56% of Amazon’s total operating budget) AMAZON AWS – DATA CENTERS • 13 regions: • United States: • Virginia, California (2), Oregon • Brazil: • Sao Paulo • Europe: • Ireland, Germany • Asia: • Mumbai, Singapore, Tokyo, Seoul, Beijing • Australia: • Sydney • 5 new regions by the end of 2017 • Canada, China, India, Ohio, United Kingdom AMAZON WEB SERVICES
A set of APIs and business models which give developers access to Amazon technology and content Compute Services Storage Services Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud “EC2” Amazon Simple Storage Service “S3” Amazon Elastic MapReduce Amazon Glacier Amazon Lambda AWS Import/Export Networking Services Other Services Amazon Route 53 Amazon Mechanical Turk Amazon Virtual Private Cloud Amazon Simple Notification Service AWS Direct Connect Amazon Elastic Transcoder Elastic Load Balancing Amazon Simple Email Service AWS Elastic Network Adapter
AWS COMMERCIAL SIDE • Standard licensing terms • Commercially usable • Aggressive pricing • Monthly credit card billing • Self-serve model: • Sign up as developer • Choose services • Agree to service licenses • Enter payment info • Start coding AMAZON EC2 • Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) • Hardware As A Service • A Web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. • Designed to make Web-scale computing easier for developers. • really Xen virtual machine instances running on AMD x86; each instance has 2GB RAM and 150GB disk • A simple Web service interface that provides complete control of your computing resources • create/destroy from the command line AMAZON EC2 CONCEPTS
• Amazon Machine Image (AMI): • Bootable root disk • Pre-defined or user-built • Catalog of user-built AMIs • OS: Fedora, Centos, Gentoo, Debian, Ubuntu, Windows Server • App Stack: LAMP, mpiBLAST, Hadoop • Instance: • Running copy of an AMI • Launch in less than 2 minutes • Start/stop programmatically • Network Security Model: • Explicit access control • Security groups • Inter-service bandwidth is free USING AMAZON EC2 • Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). • Upload the AMI into Amazon S3. • Configure security and network access. • Choose the type(s) of instance you want to run. • Start, terminate, and monitor as many instances of your AMI as needed, using the web service APIs. • Pay for the instance-hours and bandwidth that you actually consume.