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World Bank Document E2072 Public Disclosure Authorized Government of Balochistan Local Service Delivery and Governance Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Management Framework Document Reference: BLG-ESMF - Final.doc Public Disclosure Authorized Jan 2009 Balochistan Local Service Delivery and Governance Improvement Executive Summary The Government of Balochistan (GoB), with support from its development partners (including the World Bank), plans to extend the Performance Grant System (PGS) and other funding modalities to the Tehsil Municipal Administrations (TMAs) and Union Administrations (UAs), for expanded service delivery and basic infrastructure development as well as governance improvement across the province. In order to address the environmental and social issues associated with the subprojects and developmental schemes likely to be implemented by the TMAs and UAs using these enhanced development grants, the present environmental and social framework (ESMF) has been developed. Objectives of ESMF The objective of this ESMF is to develop a system and build-up the capacity of the TMAs and UAs to identify and mitigate the potential environmental and social impacts of the subprojects and service delivery functions. The ESMF has been developed as an environmental and social screening tool to be used by the TMAs and UAs during the subproject planning stage. The ESMF also provides generic mitigation measures to be implemented during the implementation stage, in order to address the environmental and social impacts caused by these subprojects and service delivery functions. Study Methodology The ESMF was developed following the relevant aspects of the environmental and social assessment methodology prescribed by the national and international agencies, including Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency and WB. The ESMF development process was highly participatory and consultations with the TMA/UA officials, elected local representatives, community members and the NGOs working in the communities were consulted, in order to make the environmental and social management system relevant to the ground realities, and local capacities. Regulatory Framework The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act of 1997 is the apex legislation governing environmental and social aspects of the development projects and municipal service delivery functions. The WB safeguard policies relevant to the proposed initiative include Operating Policy 4.01 (Environmental Assessment), and Operating Policy 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement). Environmental and Social Management of TMA/UA Subprojects and Service Delivery Functions The present ESMF provides a simple procedure to address the environmental and social impacts of the TMA and UA subprojects and service delivery functions. The procedure includes initial screening to determine the type of environmental assessment to be carried out for each individual subproject. After the initial screening, the subprojects are categorized as having high sensitivity, moderate sensitivity and low sensitivity with respect to their environmental and social aspects. For the projects categorized as having high and moderate Environmental and Social Management Framework; Jan-09 iii Balochistan Local Service Delivery and Governance Improvement sensitivity, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) studies, respectively, would need to be carried out. However, very few of the TMA and UA subprojects are likely to fall in these categories, and almost all of these subprojects are expected to have low environmental and social sensitivity. For such subprojects (having low sensitivity), the environmental and social review will be carried out, with the help of checklists. These checklists provide likely environmental and social impacts associated with the most common development subprojects, and also recommend generic mitigation measures to address these negative impacts. These checklists also include mitigation measures to address the environmental and social impacts of the service delivery functions at the UA and TMA levels. The ESMF defines organizational structure and roles and responsibilities of TMA and UA officials and other relevant personnel in order to implement the environmental and social management procedure discussed above. The Tehsil Officer (Infrastructure and Service) of each TMA, and the Secretary of each UA, have been assigned environmental and social focal pointing responsibilities. In addition, the ESMF proposes appointment of the Environmental and Social Coordinator (ESC) as part of the Project Cell (PC) of the proposed project. The ESC will be responsible for providing technical support and backstopping to the TMAs and UAs, as well as fulfilling their capacity building needs. The Framework also provides the consultation strategy, community participation mechanism, gender mainstreaming and conflict resolution system for the environmental and social aspects of the proposed project. The ESMF also defines the awareness raising and capacity building needs, with respect to the environmental and social aspects of the development subprojects and service delivery functions, and presents a plan to fulfill these needs. Environmental and Social Management Framework; Jan-09 iv Balochistan Local Service Delivery and Governance Improvement Acronyms ARP Abbreviated Resettlement Plan BEPA Balochistan Environmental Protection Agency BHU Basic Health Unit BLGO Balochistan Local Government Ordinance BOD Biological oxygen demand BRDRS Balochistan Rural Development and Research Society BRSP Balochistan Rural Support Program CBO Community based organization CCB Citizen community board COD Chemical oxygen demand DCO District Coordination Officer DFID Department for International Development DO Dissolved oxygen DTCE Devolution Trust for Community Empowerment ECA Employment of Child Act EDO Executive District Officer EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESC Environmental and Social Coordinator ESFP Environmental and Social Focal Point ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESR Environmental and Social Review FY Fiscal year GoB Government of Balochistan Ha Hectare IEE Initial Environmental Examination IFC International Finance Corporation IPDP Indigenous People Development Plan IPM Integrated pest management LAA Land Acquisition Act (of 1894) LEAD Leadership for Environment and Development LGO Local Government Ordinance NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NGO Non Governmental Organization NOx Oxides of nitrogen NWFP North Western Frontier Province OP Operational Policy O&M Operation and Maintenance Environmental and Social Management Framework; Jan-09 v Balochistan Local Service Delivery and Governance Improvement Pak-EPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency PAPs Project affected persons PC Project Cell PEPC Pakistan Environmental Protection Council PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act PGS Performance Grant System PM Particulate matter P&DD Planning and Development Department RH Relative humidity RHC Rural Health Center RP Resettlement Plan RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SIA Social Impact Assessment TDS Total dissolved solids TMA Tehsil Municipal Administration TMO Tehsil Municipal Officer TO Tehsil Officer TO (I&S) Tehsil Officer (Infrastructure and Services) UA Union Administration UC Union Council WB World Bank WBG World Bank Group WESS Water, Environment, Sanitation Society WHO World Health Organization WPS Women Political Schools Environmental and Social Management Framework; Jan-09 vi Balochistan Local Service Delivery and Governance Improvement Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................... iii Acronyms...................................................................................................... v 1 Introduction ........................................................................................ 1-1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Objective and Scope of ESMF........................................................... 1-2 1.3 Study Methodology ............................................................................ 1-3 1.4 Document Structure........................................................................... 1-4 2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework.................................. 2-1 2.1 The World Bank Operational Policies............................................... 2-1 2.2 Laws and Regulations........................................................................ 2-6 2.3 National Institutional Setup for Environmental Management ....... 2-15 2.4 Environmental and Social Guidelines ............................................ 2-16 3 Description of Project........................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Performance Grant System for TMAs and UAs................................ 3-1 3.2 Development Schemes and Service Delivery Functions - TMAs.... 3-2 3.3 Development Schemes – UAs ........................................................... 3-5 4 Stakeholder Consultations................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Objectives ........................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Stakeholder Identification and Analysis........................................... 4-1 4.3 Consultation Process........................................................................
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