Species/Country Combinations Subject to Long-Standing Import Suspensions

Species/country combinations subject to long-standing positive opinions

(Version edited for public release)

Prepared for the

European Commission Directorate General E - Environment ENV.E.2. – Development and Environment

by the

United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre

May, 2011

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CITATION UNEP-WCMC. 2011. Species/country combinations subject to long-standing positive opinions. SRG 58. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ...... 4 2. Species/country combinations with longstanding positive opinions and current and anticipated levels of trade ...... 5 3. Species/country combinations with longstanding positive opinions with relevant taxonomic changes ...... 5 4. Species/country combinations with longstanding positive opinions where there may be demand for wild or ranched specimens...... 5 5. Annex I. Summary of trade in species/country combinations subject to positive opinions formed in 2001 or earlier, which have not received any subsequent opinions or suspensions...... 19 6. Annex II. Countries for which there is a CITES suspension or national legislation restricting trade ...... 74 7. Annex III. Key to Purpose and Source Codes...... 75

1. Introduction The Scientific Review Group may form ‘positive opinions’ for species/country combinations, indicating to Member States that, given current and anticipated levels of trade, introduction into the European Union would not be considered to have a harmful effect on the conservation status of the species or on the extent of the territory occupied by the relevant population of the species (Council Regulation EC No. 338/97). Positive opinions for some species/country combinations have been in place for a relatively long time. For this reason, it was agreed that a review of species/country combinations subject to longstanding positive opinions be undertaken. There were found to be 300 positive opinions in place since 2001 or earlier, which have not been updated or replaced by any subsequent opinions or EU suspensions (Table 1). As 40 per cent of these longstanding positive opinions were formed for ‘all countries’ the total number of species/country combinations subject to longstanding positive opinions amounts to 1923. This report presents an overview of trade levels in the 1923 abovementioned species/country combinations (see Annex I to this document). Table 1. Regional and taxonomic breakdown of species/country combinations subject to longstanding positive opinions (in place since 2001 or earlier and that have not been updated or replaced by any subsequent opinions or suspensions).

No. of species/country Region (number of opinions) Group No. of positive opinions combinations All countries (120) Mammals 6 56 Birds 4 58 Reptiles 17 163 Invertebrates 49 1276 Plants 44 189 Africa (48) Mammals 8 8 Birds 11 11 Amphibians 2 2 Reptiles 23 23 Plants 5 5 Asia (59) Mammals 2 2 Birds 10 10 Reptiles 23 23 Invertebrates 11 11 Plants 13 13 Europe (1) Mammals 1 1 Central and South America and the Mammals 4 4 Caribbean (60) Birds 36 36 Reptiles 16 16 Amphibians 1 1 Plants 3 3 North America (4) Birds 2 2 Reptiles 1 1 Invertebrates 1 1 Oceania (8) Birds 1 1 Reptiles 3 3 Invertebrates 4 4 Total 300 1923

2. Species/country combinations with longstanding positive opinions and current and anticipated levels of trade An analysis of trade data 2000-2009 (see Annex I) identified those species/country combinations with no or very low current or anticipated trade. These included species-country combinations for which there was:  no or virtually no trade1 to either the EU-27 (including re-exports) or non-EU countries 2000- 2009 (Table 2)  no or virtually no trade1 in wild or ranched individuals to the EU-27 (including re-exports) 2004-2009, and i) low trade2 in wild or ranched individuals to non-EU countries 2000-2009, or ii) virtually no trade1 in wild or ranched individuals to non-EU countries 2004-2009 (Table 3). In addition to meeting the above criteria, some longstanding positive opinions were for captive-born or captive-bred specimens (for which the SRG no longer forms country-wide opinions), and some longstanding positive opinions were from countries for which there are national trade restrictions (Djibouti, India, Israel, Mauritania, Nigeria, Paraguay, Philippines and Somalia, see Annex II), hence no trade is anticipated. 3. Species/country combinations with longstanding positive opinions with relevant taxonomic changes Several longstanding positive opinions were found to be in place for countries which, due to taxonomic changes, are no longer considered range States of the species involved (Table 4). Following the elevation of nine former subspecies of Naja naja to species status (based on the adoption of Wüster, 19963 as a standard nomenclatural reference for Naja spp. at CITES CoP12), there are longstanding positive opinions for seventeen countries which are no longer considered range States of Naja naja. Likewise, the adoption of Broadley (2006)4 as a standard nomenclatural reference for Cordylus at CITES CoP12 meant that six countries with longstanding positive opinions are no longer considered range States of Cordylus tropidosternum. 4. Species/country combinations with longstanding positive opinions where there may be demand for wild or ranched specimens Species for which trade data indicate there may be demand for wild or ranched specimens, globally or to the EU-27, are presented in Table 5. Details of trade volumes are available in Annex I.

Table 2. Species/country combinations subject to long-standing positive opinions with no or virtually no trade1 to the EU-27 (including re-exports) or non-EU countries.

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Mammalia Ovis ammon hodgsonii NT (sp.) China Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (int), Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Pecari tajacu (All countries) LC Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America, Uruguay, Venezuela Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (int), Tayassu pecari (All countries) NT Ecuador, El Salvador (ex), French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay

1 Virtually no trade was defined as 10 or fewer individuals for mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, or 50 or fewer individuals for invertebrates, plants or any species with a global IUCN threat category of Least Concern. 2 Low trade was defined as fewer than 500 individuals. 3 Wüster, W. (1996): Taxonomic change and toxinology: systematic revisions of the Asiatic cobras (Naja naja species complex) – Toxicon, 34: 339-406. 4 Broadley, D. G. (2006): CITES Standard reference for the species of Cordylus (Cordylidae, Reptilia) prepared at the request of the CITES Nomenclature Committee

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List (ex), Venezuela Conepatus humboldtii (All countries) LC Chile, Paraguay Lontra canadensis LC Mexico (ex) Lycalopex culpaeus (All countries) LC Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Lycalopex gymnocercus LC Paraguay Lynx lynx (Hunting trophies) LC Norway Ursus americanus (All countries) LC Mexico Chlorocebus pygerythrus LC Mozambique Loxodonta africana VU Ethiopia Aves Amazilia amazilia (All countries) LC Ecuador Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Colibri coruscans (All countries) LC Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Leucippus baeri LC Peru Myrtis fanny (All countries) LC Ecuador Afghanistan, Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti?, Egypt?, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Phoeniconaias minor (All countries) NT Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Réunion, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe Tauraco porphyreolophus LC Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe Accipiter cooperii LC United States of America Aquila nipalensis LC Kazakhstan, Russian Federation Aquila rapax LC United Republic of Tanzania Buteo poecilochrous LC Peru Buteo polyosoma LC Peru Crax alector LC Suriname Agapornis swindernianus LC Democratic Republic of the Congo Alisterus chloropterus mozskowskii LC (sp.) Indonesia Charmosyna josefinae LC Indonesia Poicephalus meyeri LC Mozambique Rhea americana NT Paraguay Reptilia Caiman crocodilus LR/lc Cuba, Ecuador, Trinidad and Tobago Chamaeleo bitaeniatus - Kenya, Somalia, Sudan Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Chamaeleo dilepis (All countries) - Ethiopia, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Somalia, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe Angola, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte Chamaeleo gracilis (All countries) - d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan Chamaeleo johnstoni (All countries) - Burundi Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Chamaeleo senegalensis (All countries) - Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Nigeria, Sierra Leone Cordylus cordylus (All countries) - Lesotho, South Africa Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Cordylus tropidosternum - Malawi, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe Corucia zebrata - Papua New Guinea Furcifer oustaleti (All countries) - Kenya (int) Furcifer pardalis (All countries) - Mauritius (int), Reunion (int)

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Anguilla (int), Aruba, Barbados (ex), Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Ecuador, French Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Iguana iguana (All countries) - Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Iguana iguana - Costa Rica Tupinambis duseni (All countries) - Brazil Tupinambis rufescens (All countries) LC Brazil Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Tupinambis teguixin (All countries) LC Republic of) Varanus jobiensis LC Papua New Guinea Varanus salvadorii - Papua New Guinea Kinyongia excubitor (All countries) - Kenya Candoia carinata (All countries) - Palau, Papua New Guinea Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela Corallus caninus (All countries) - (Bolivarian Republic of) Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela Corallus hortulanus (All countries) - (Bolivarian Republic of) Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Paraguay, Epicrates cenchria (All countries) - Venezuela Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, India, Iran Naja naja - (Islamic Republic of), Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Afghanistan, Bhutan, Hong Kong SAR, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Ptyas mucosus (All countries) - Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam Amphibia Mantella ebenaui LC Madagascar Insecta Ornithoptera caelestis (ranched) - Papua New Guinea Trogonoptera brookiana (All countries, Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar (?), Philippines, South China Sea - ranched) (disputed territory), Thailand Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Troides aeacus (All countries, wild & - Japan, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan (Province of China), Viet ranched) Nam Troides amphrysus (All countries, wild & Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar, Singapore, South China Sea (disputed - ranched) territory), Thailand Troides andromache (wild & ranched) LR/nt Malaysia Troides cuneifer (All countries, wild & - Thailand ranched) Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia (?), China, Hong Troides helena (All countries, wild & - Kong SAR, India, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Thailand, ranched) Viet Nam Troides miranda (All countries, wild & - Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia ranched) Hirudinoidea Hirudo medicinalis LR/nt Croatia, Norway Bivalvia American Samoa (ex, reint), Australia, Cook Islands (int), Guam (ex), India (?),Japan, Kiribati, Malaysia, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Hippopus hippopus (All others) LR/cd Islands (ex, reint), Papua New Guinea, Samoa (ex, reint), Singapore, Taiwan (Province of China), Tuvalu Hippopus porcellanus (All countries) LR/cd Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Palau, Philippines Guam (ex?), India (?), Northern Mariana Islands (ex?), Papua New Tridacna crocea (All countries) LR/lc Guinea, Singapore, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu (?),United States of America (ex, int) American Samoa (int), Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Guam (ex, reint), Tridacna derasa (All others) VU Malaysia, Northern Mariana Islands (ex, reint), Papua New Guinea, Tuvalu (int?), United States of America (int?)

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List American Samoa (int), Cook Islands (int), Japan, Kiribati, Myanmar, Tridacna gigas (All others) VU Northern Mariana Islands (ex, reint), Samoa (ex, int), Taiwan (Province of China) (ex?), Thailand, Tuvalu (?),United States of America (int) American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory (?),China, Christmas Island, Comoros, Egypt, Guam, Hong Kong SAR (ex), India, Kenya, Maldives, Mauritius, Myanmar, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Tridacna maxima (All countries) LR/cd Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia (?),South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tokelau, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, Unites States of America (int), Wallis and Futuna Islands American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory (?), Comoros, Cook Islands, Egypt (?), Guam (ex, int), India, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Myanmar, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands (ex?), Papua Tridacna squamosa (All others) LR/cd New Guinea, Pitcairn, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia (?), South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Tokelau, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America (int), Wallis and Futuna Islands Gastropoda Anguilla, Bermuda, Brazil, Costa Rica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Strombus gigas (All countries) - Montserrat (?), Panama, Puerto Rico, Venezuela Anthozoa American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Guam, India, Japan, Kiribati, Malaysia, Maldives, Heliopora coerulea (All countries) VU Mauritius, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Seychelles, Singapore, Tuvalu, Vanuatu French Polynesia, Guam, India, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Acropora echinata (All countries) VU Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United States of America, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cook Islands, India, Japan, Kenya, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Acropora florida (All countries) NT Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Singapore, South Africa, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mozambique, Acropora humilis (All countries) NT Myanmar, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Palau, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, New Acropora nasuta (All countries) NT Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Yemen Catalaphyllia plicata (All countries) - Australia, New Caledonia, Palau, Philippines American Samoa, Australia, China, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua Ctenactis echinata (All countries) LC New Guinea, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United States of America, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Japan, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Euphyllia cristata (All countries) VU Islands, Taiwan (Province of China), Viet Nam Euphyllia glabrescens (All countries) VU American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling)

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Islands, Djibouti, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Madagascar, Maldives, Mauritius, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Viet Nam American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States Fungia concinna (All countries) LC of), Mozambique, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Fungia fungites (All countries) NT Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Timor-Leste, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Christmas Island, Djibouti, Fiji, French Polynesia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Fungia repanda (All countries) LC Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Leptoria phrygia (All countries) NT Zealand, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Myanmar, Lobophyllia corymbosa (All countries) LC New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Tonga, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Merulina ampliata (All countries) LC Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Australia, China (?), Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Fiji, India, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Pectinia lactuca (All countries) VU Myanmar, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Djibouti, Egypt, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Plerogyra sinuosa (All countries) NT Mauritius, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sudan, Taiwan

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Pocillopora capitata (All countries) LC Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Chile, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia (Federated States of), New Caledonia, New Pocillopora damicornis (All countries) LC Zealand, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Island American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, New Pocillopora eydouxi (All countries) NT Caledonia, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Vanuatu American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Chile, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia (Federated States of), Myanmar, Northern Mariana Pocillopora verrucosa (All countries) LC Islands, Oman, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, South China Sea (disputed territory), Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Yemen American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mozambique, New Psammocora contigua (All countries) NT Caledonia, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, Australia, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Fiji, French Polynesia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, Palau, Sandalolitha robusta (All countries) LC Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Seriatopora hystrix (All countries) LC Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, New Stylophora pistillata (All countries) NT Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Yemen American Samoa, Anguilla, Aruba (int), Australia, Bahamas, Belize Tubastraea coccinea (All countries) - (int), Brazil, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands (int),

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (int), Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guadeloupe, Honduras, Hong Kong SAR, India, Jamaica (int), Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Korea (Republic of), Kuwait, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, Netherlands Antilles (int), New Caledonia, New Zealand, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico (int), Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Turks and Caicos Islands, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, United States Virgin Islands, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (int), Viet Nam Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Brunei Darussalam (?), Christmas Island (?), Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Comoros (?), Cook Islands, Djibouti (?), Egypt, Eritrea (?), Guam (?), Israel (?), Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar (?), Malaysia, Maldives (?), Tubipora musica (All countries) NT Marshall Islands, Mauritius (?), Micronesia (Federated States of) (?), Mozambique, Nauru (?), Northern Mariana Islands (?), Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion (?), Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Somalia (?), South Africa, Sudan (?),Taiwan (Province of China), United Republic of Tanzania (?), Vanuatu, Viet Nam, Yemen (?) Hydrozoa American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Brunei Darussalam, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Millepora platyphylla (All countries) LC Mozambique, Northern Mariana Islands, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Flora Galanthus elwesii (All countries except - Ukraine, former Yugoslavia Turkey) Galanthus gracilis (All countries except - Ukraine Turkey) Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syrian Arab Sternbergia clusiana (All countries) - Republic, Turkey Echinocactus grusonii (All countries) CR Mexico Cycas revoluta (All countries) LC China, Japan Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Dicksonia sellowiana (All countries) - Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela Aerangis modesta (All countries) - Comoros Aerangis stylosa (All countries) - Comoros Angraecum ramosum (All countries) - Mauritius, Réunion Ascocentrum ampullaceum (All countries) - China, Bangladesh, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Viet Nam Ascocentrum curvifolium (All countries) - India, Lao PDR (?), Viet Nam (?), Myanmar Ascocentrum miniatum (All countries) - Lao PDR Bulbophyllum lobbii (All countries) - Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Myanmar Calanthe rosea (All countries) - Myanmar Cleisostoma capricorne (All countries) - Malaysia, Thailand Cleisostoma crassifolium (All countries) - Philippines Cymbidium dayanum (All countries) - Cambodia, China, Japan, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam Cypripedium barbeyi (All countries) - China, Korea, Russian Federation, Ukraine (?) Belarus, Canada, China, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Cypripedium guttatum (All countries) - Korea (Republic of), Mongolia, Russian Federation, United States of America Cypripedium passerinum (All countries) - Canada, United States of America

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Cypripedium shanxiense (All countries) - China, Japan, Russian Federation Dendrobium chrysotoxum - Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal Dendrobium delacourii (All countries) - Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar (?) Dendrobium farmeri (All countries) - Bangladesh, Bhutan, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal Dendrobium hercoglossum (All countries) - Cambodia, Hong Kong (SAR), Philippines, Taiwan (Province of China) Dendrobium lindleyi (All countries) - Bangladesh, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar Dendrobium oligophyllum - Viet Nam Dendrobium senile (All countries) - Lao PDR, Myanmar Gastrochilus dasypogon (All countries) - Lao PDR, Nepal, Viet Nam Habenaria rhodocheila - China, Lao PDR, Malaysia Laelia purpurata - Brazil Phalaenopsis gibbosa (All countries) - Lao PDR, Viet Nam Phalaenopsis pulcherrima (All countries) - Cambodia, India, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam Rhynchostylis coelestis (All countries - Cambodia except Thailand) Rhynchostylis gigantea (All countries) - Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore (ex) Rhynchostylis retusa (All countries) - Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka Schoenorchis fragrans (All countries) - China, Myanmar Schoenorchis pachyacris (All countries) - Indonesia Vanda coerulescens (All countries) - Myanmar, Taiwan (Province of China)

Table 3. Species/country combinations subject to long-standing positive opinions with no or virtually no trade in wild or ranched specimens to the EU-27 (including re-exports) after 2004, and low levels of current or anticipated trade in wild and ranched specimens to non-EU countries.

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Mammalia Cebus apella LC Suriname Saguinus midas LC Suriname Aves Myrtis fanny (All countries) LC Peru Afghanistan, Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti?, Egypt?, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Phoeniconaias minor (All countries) NT Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Réunion, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe Paroaria capitata LC Paraguay Paroaria coronata LC Paraguay Agapornis swindernianus LC Cameroon Amazona finschi VU Mexico Aratinga acuticaudata LC Paraguay Eos rubra LC Indonesia Eos reticulata NT Indonesia Eos squamata riciniata LC (sp.) Indonesia Lorius garrulus VU Indonesia Myiopsitta monachus LC Paraguay Nandayus nenday LC Paraguay

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Psittaculirostris desmarestii LC Indonesia Psittaculirostris salvadorii VU Indonesia Rhea americana NT Bolivia, Brazil, Uruguay Reptilia Caiman crocodilus LR/lc Peru, United States of America Bradypodion spinosum (F-1) EN United Republic of Tanzania Chamaeleo bitaeniatus - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia Chamaeleo calyptratus - Yemen Chamaeleo dilepis (All countries) - Burundi, South Africa Chamaeleo goetzei (F-1) - United Republic of Tanzania Chamaeleo gracilis (All countries) - Guinea Chamaeleo incornutus (F-1) - United Republic of Tanzania Chamaeleo johnstoni (All countries) - Burundi Chamaeleo laterispinis (F-1) - United Republic of Tanzania Chamaeleo tempeli (F-1) - United Republic of Tanzania Iguana iguana (All other countries) - Guatemala, Honduras, United States of America Tupinambis rufescens (All countries) LC Paraguay Tupinambis teguixin (All countries) LC Bolivia, Colombia, Paraguay Varanus panoptes - Indonesia Boa constrictor - Peru Corallus caninus (All countries) - Brazil Epicrates cenchria (All countries) - Argentina, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago Naja naja - China, Philippines, Viet Nam Ptyas mucosus (All countries) - Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Malaysia, Myanmar Insecta Ornithoptera paradise (All countries, LR/lc Papua New Guinea ranched) Ornithoptera priamus (All countries, wild - Australia, Solomon Islands & ranched) Troides aeacus (All countries, wild & - China, Malaysia, Thailand ranched) Troides cuneifer (All countries, wild & - Malaysia ranched) Hirudinoidea Hirudo medicinalis (All countries) LR/nt Belarus, Russian Federation Bivalvia Hippopus hippopus (All others) LR/cd Fiji, Indonesia, Palau, Philippines Tridacna crocea (All countries) LR/lc Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines Tridacna derasa (All others) VU Australia, Indonesia, Samoa Tridacna gigas (All others) VU Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Tridacna maxima (All countries) LR/cd Philippines, Samoa Tridacna squamosa (All others) LR/cd Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Samoa, Thailand Gastropoda British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic, United Strombus gigas (All countries) - States Virgin Islands Anthozoa Heliopora coerulea (All countries) VU Fiji Acropora echinata (All countries) VU Australia Acropora humilis (All countries) NT Malaysia, Micronesia (Federated States of), Viet Nam Acropora nasuta (All countries) NT Tonga

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Ctenactis echinata (All countries) LC Fiji Euphyllia cristata (All countries) VU Vanuatu Euphyllia glabrescens (All countries) VU Malaysia, Vanuatu Fungia concinna (All countries) LC Fiji Fungia fungites (All countries) NT Fiji Leptoria phrygia (All countries) NT Fiji, Malaysia, Viet Nam Merulina ampliata (All countries) LC Australia Plerogyra sinuosa (All countries) NT Marshall Islands Pocillopora capitata (All countries) LC Fiji Pocillopora damicornis (All countries) LC Australia, United States of America, Vanuatu Pocillopora eydouxi (All countries) NT Australia, Fiji Pocillopora verrucosa (All countries) LC Fiji, Mozambique, New Caledonia, Philippines, Vanuatu Seriatopora hystrix (All countries) LC Viet Nam Stylophora pistillata (All countries) NT Fiji, Vanuatu Tubastraea coccinea (All countries) - Ecuador, Malaysia Tubipora musica (All countries) NT New Caledonia Hydrozoa Millepora platyphylla (All countries) LC Tonga Flora Dicksonia squarossa (All countries) - New Zealand Alluaudia procera LR/nt Madagascar Aerangis citrata - Madagascar Aerangis curnowiana - Madagascar Aerangis fuscata (All countries) - Madagascar Aerangis modesta (All countries) - Madagascar Ascocentrum ampullaceum (All countries) - Thailand Ascocentrum curvifolium (All countries) - Thailand Ascocentrum miniatum (All countries) - India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam Bulbophyllum lobbii (All countries) - Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand Calanthe rosea (All countries) - Thailand Cattleya walkeriana - Brazil Cymbidium dayanum (All countries) - India, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand Cypripedium macranthos - Taiwan (Province of China) Cypripedium montanum (All countries) - Canada, United States of America Cypripedium parviflorum (All countries) - Canada Cypripedium tibeticum (All countries) - Taiwan (Province of China) Dendrobium chrysotoxum - India, Taiwan (Province of China), Viet Nam Dendrobium delacourii (All countries) - Thailand Dendrobium farmeri (All countries) - India, Malaysia, Thailand, Viet Nam Dendrobium hercoglossum (All countries) - Lao PDR, Malaysia, Thailand, Viet Nam Dendrobium lindleyi (All countries) - India, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Viet Nam Dendrobium senile (All countries) - Thailand Gastrochilus dasypogon (All countries) - India, Thailand Phalaenopsis gibbosa (All countries) - Taiwan (Province of China) Phalaenopsis pulcherrima (All countries) - Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand Phalaenopsis schilleriana - Philippines Rhynchostylis coelestis (All countries - Viet Nam except Thailand) Rhynchostylis gigantea (All countries) - Malaysia, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Viet Nam India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan (Province of China), Rhynchostylis retusa (All countries) - Thailand, Viet Nam Schoenorchis fragrans (All countries) - India, Thailand Sophronitis coccinea - Brazil Vanda coerulescens (All countries) - India, Thailand Sarracenia psittacina (All countries) - United States of America

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Sarracenia purpurea (All countries) - United States of America

Table 4. Species/country combinations subject to long-standing positive opinions for which the country is no longer considered a range State of that species.

IUCN Species Countries* Red List Reptilia Cordylus tropidosternum - Angola, Botswana, Ethiopia, South Africa, Swaziland Afghanistan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Naja naja - Singapore, Taiwan (Province of China), Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam *Note that some range States were also selected for the low trade criteria in Table 3. Table 5. Species/country combinations subject to long-standing positive opinions, where there may be demand for wild or ranched specimens.

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List AFRICA Mammalia Botswana, Cameroon, Namibia, South Africa, United Republic Loxodonta africana (Hunting trophies) VU of Tanzania, Zimbabwe Aves Tauraco hartlaubi LC United Republic of Tanzania Tauraco livingstonii LC United Republic of Tanzania Poicephalus cryptoxanthus LC Mozambique Reptilia Chamaeleo dilepis (All countries) - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique, Uganda Chamaeleo gracilis (All countries) - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda Chamaeleo johnstoni (All countries) - Uganda Chamaeleo melleri - Mozambique Chamaeleo senegalensis (All countries) - Guinea, Mali, Senegal Amphibia Mantella betsileo LC Madagascar Anthozoa Acropora florida (All countries) NT Madagascar Pocillopora damicornis (All countries) LC Mozambique Flora Aloe ferox (All countries) - South Africa Aerangis fastuosa - Madagascar Aerangis hyaloides - Madagascar Aerangis stylosa (All countries) - Madagascar ASIA AND OCEANIA Mammalia Capra falconeri EN Pakistan Aves Chalcopsitta cardinalis LC Solomon Islands Reptilia Candoia carinata (All countries) - Indonesia

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Ptyas mucosus (All countries) - Lao PDR, Thailand Insecta Ornithoptera aesacus (ranched) VU Indonesia Ornithoptera chimaera (All countries, ranched) LR/nt Indonesia, Papua New Guinea Ornithoptera goliath (All countries, ranched) - Indonesia, Papua New Guinea Ornithoptera meridionalis (ranched) EN Papua New Guinea Ornithoptera paradisea (All countries, ranched) LR/lc Indonesia Ornithoptera priamus (All countries, wild & - Indonesia, Papua New Guinea ranched) Ornithoptera rothschildi (ranched) VU Indonesia Ornithoptera urvillianus (wild & ranched) - Papua New Guinea Ornithoptera victoriae (wild & ranched) ‘- Papua New Guinea Trogonoptera brookiana (All countries, ranched) - Indonesia, Malaysia Troides amphrysus (All countries, wild & - Indonesia, Malaysia ranched) Troides criton (wild & ranched) - Indonesia Troides cuneifer (All countries, wild & ranched) - Indonesia Troide dohertyi (ranched) - Indonesia Troides haliphron (wild & ranched) - Indonesia Troides helena (All countries, wild & ranched) - Indonesia, Malaysia Troides hypolitus (wild & ranched) - Indonesia Troides miranda (All countries, wild & ranched) - Indonesia Troides oblongomaculatus (All countries, wild & - Indonesia ranched) Troides plato (ranched) - Indonesia Troides prattorum (ranched) VU Indonesia Troides rhadamantus - Philippines Troides riedeli (ranched) - Indonesia Troides vandepolli (All countries, wild & ranched) - Indonesia Hirudinoidea Hirudo medicinalis (All countries) LR/nt Ukraine Bivalvia Hippopus hippopus (All others) LR/cd Marshall Islands, Solomon Islands Tridacna crocea (All countries) LR/lc Japan, New Caledonia, Palau Cook Islands, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States Tridacna derasa (All others) VU of) (ex, int) Tridacna gigas (All others) VU New Caledonia (ex) Australia, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Japan, Kiribati, Tridacna maxima (All countries) LR/cd Palau, Seychelles Tridacna squamosa (All others) LR/cd Marshall Islands, Palau Anthozoa Heliopora coerulea (All countries) VU China, Taiwan (Province of China) Acropora echinata (All countries) VU Fiji, Indonesia Acropora florida (All countries) NT Fiji, Indonesia, New Caledonia Acropora humilis (All countries) NT Fiji, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu Acropora nasuta (All countries) NT Fiji, Indonesia Euphyllia cristata (All countries) VU Australia Australia, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Solomon Euphyllia glabrescens (All countries) VU Islands Fungia fungites (All countries) NT Australia, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, Tonga Fungia repanda (All countries) LC Australia

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Leptoria phrygia (All countries) NT Australia, Tonga Lobophyllia corymbosa (All countries) LC Australia, Indonesia Merulina ampliata (All countries) LC Fiji, Indonesia, Solomon Islands, Tonga Plerogyra sinuosa (All countries) NT Australia, Malaysia, Solomon Islands Pocillopora damicornis (All countries) LC Fiji, Marshall Islands Pocillopora verrucosa (All countries) LC Indonesia, Solomon Islands, Tonga Seriatopora hystrix (All countries) LC Australia, Fiji, Indonesia, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu Stylophora pistillata (All countries) NT Indonesia, Tonga Tubastraea coccinea (All countries) - Indonesia Tubipora musica (All countries) NT Fiji, Indonesia Flora Dicksonia antarctica (All countries) - Australia Dendrobium chrysotoxum - Lao PDR Dendrobium delacourii (All countries) - Viet Nam THE AMERICAS Mammalia Pecari tajacu (All countries) LC Argentina, Bolivia, Peru Conepatus humboldtii (All countries) LC Argentina Lontra canadensis (All countries) LC United States of America Ursus americanus (All countries) LC Canada, United States of America Saimiri sciureus LC Suriname Aves Amazilia amazilia (All countries) LC Peru Colibri coruscans (All countries) LC Peru Phoenicopterus ruber (ranched) LC Cuba Pteroglossus aracari LC Suriname Pteroglossus viridis LC Suriname Ramphastos tucanus LC Suriname Ramphastos vitellinus LC Suriname Amazona amazonica LC Suriname Amazona dufresniana NT Suriname Amazona farinosa LC Suriname Amazona ochrocephala LC Suriname Ara ararauna LC Suriname Ara chloropterus LC Suriname Ara severus LC Suriname Aratinga aurea LC Suriname Aratinga leucophthalma LC Suriname Aratinga pertinax LC Suriname Brotogeris chrysoptera LC Suriname Diopsittaca nobilis LC Suriname Forpus passerinus LC Suriname Orthopsittaca manilata LC Suriname Pionites melanocephalus LC Suriname Pionus fuscus LC Suriname Pionus menstruus LC Suriname Pyrrhura picta LC Suriname

IUCN Species (scope) Countries Red List Reptilia Caiman crocodilus LR/lc Bolivia, Nicaragua, Suriname Colombia, El Salvador, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Iguana iguana (All other countries) - Suriname Tupinambis rufescens (All countries) LC Bolivia Tupinambis teguixin (All countries) LC Argentina, Suriname Boa constrictor - Suriname Corallus caninus (All countries) - Guyana, Suriname Corallus hortulanus (All countries) - Suriname Epicrates cenchria (All countries) - Guyana, Suriname Eunectes murinus - Suriname Chelonoidis carbonaria - Guyana Kinixys erosa DD Togo Amphibia Epipedobates trivittatus LC Suriname Gastropoda Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Colombia, Cuba, Honduras, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Strombus gigas - Vincent and the Grenadines, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States of America Flora Cypripedium parviflorum - United States of America

5. Annex I. Summary of trade in species/country combinations subject to positive opinions formed in 2001 or earlier, which have not received any subsequent opinions or suspensions. All trade data are for the period 2000-2009, with scientific specimens excluded. If importer and exporter reported figures differ, both are given. Importer reported figures are listed first, and exporter reported figures are subsequently listed [in square brackets]. If trade 2000-2009 involved fewer than 500 individuals, this was considered to be ‘Low’ and details are given. If trade involved 500-1000 individuals, this was considered to be ‘Moderate’, and if trade involved more than 1000 individuals, this was considered to be ‘High’. If trade was considered to be moderate or high, only the main terms and sources were indicated between brackets. All positive opinions refer to wild-sourced specimens unless otherwise indicated.

2009 Argentina: High (mostly skins, W) 2007 Argentina: 24 trophies (W), 1 trophy High (I), 6 pairs of small leather products (W), 1 skin (W), 1 skull (W) [97 trophies (W), 1 skin (W)] 2008 Bolivia: High (skins, W) - - -

2005 Brazil: 3 skulls (W), 2 teeth(W), 1 skin 2004 Brazil: 2 small leather products (W), 1 - (W) unspecified (W) [3 skulls (W), 3 teeth (W), 1 skin (W)] [2 unspecified (W)]

- - 2005 Ecuador: - - [10 garments (W)] - - 2007 Guatemala: - - [2 trophies (W)] - - 2007 Mexico: 4 trophies (W) - [-]

- - 2004 Brazil: 2 small leather products (W) - [1 tooth (W), 1 unspecified (W)]

2001 Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of): - - - - [3 small leather products (W)]

Conepatus humboldtii LC 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Chile, Paraguay - (3) 2001 Argentina: High (mostly skins, W) 2009 Argentina: High (skins, W) Low Lontra canadensis LC 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Mexico (ex) (2)

2009 United States of America: High 2005 United States of America: High High (mostly skins, W) (mostly skins, W) Lycalopex culpaeus LC 11/11/1997 All countries No trade from: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador - (5)

- - 2002 Chile: - - [1 skin (W)]

- - 2001 Peru: 1 skin piece (I) - [-] Lycalopex gymnocercus LC 23/06/1999 Paraguay 2000 - 2001 5 live (W) - [1 live (W)] Lynx lynx LC 11/02/1998 Norway 2007 3 bodies (W), 1 skin (W) - - - (Hunting [5 bodies (W), 1 skin (W)] trophies)

- - 2009 Mexico: 3 teeth (I), 2 skulls (W), 2 - claws (W),1 trophy (W), 1 claw (I), 1 skin (I), 1 feet (I) [20 teeth (W), 1 live (C)] 2009 United States of America: 126 trophies 2009 United States of America: High Low (W), 4 trophies (I), 33 skins (W), 1 skin (mostly plates, W) (I), 14 claws (W), 11 small leather products (-), 9 live (C), 2 live (F), 3 skin pieces (W), 1 body (W) [200 trophies (W), 1 trophy (I), 40 kg meat (W), 26 plates (W), 22 skins (W), 19 skulls (W), 12 skin pieces (W), 10 claws (W), 6.5 kg garments (W), 6 garments (W), 6 live (C), 5 live (F), 5 teeth (W), 4 bodies (W), 2 unspecified (O), 1 bone (W)] Cebus apella LC 22/07/1997 Suriname - - 2009 231 live (W) - [264 live (W)] Chlorocebus pygerythrus LC 27/01/1999 Mozambique - - - - -

Saguinus midas LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2004 4 live (W) 2008 256 live (W) - [346 live (W)]

Saimiri sciureus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2004 25 live (W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) - [1553 live (W)] Loxodonta africana VU 11/11/1997 Botswana 2009 Moderate (mostly tusks and trophies, 2009 High (mostly tusks and trophies, W) Low (Hunting W) trophies)

11/11/1997 South Africa 2009 Moderate (mostly skins, skin pieces 2009 High (mostly skins, skin pieces, tusks High (Hunting and trophies, W) and meat, W) trophies) 11/11/1997 United 2009 Moderate (mostly trophies and tusks, 2009 Moderate (mostly tusks and trophies, Moderate Republic of W) W) Tanzania (Hunting trophies) 11/11/1997 Zimbabwe 2009 Moderate (mostly trophies and tusks, 2009 High (mostly skins, trophies and Low (Hunting W) tusks, W) trophies)

AVES Amazilia amazilia LC 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Ecuador - (2) 2006 Peru: 210 live (W) 2009 Peru: Moderate (live, W) - [88 live (W)] Colibri coruscans LC 11/11/1997 All countries No trade from: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Venezuela (Bolivarian - (9) Republic of)

- - 2008 South Africa: 1 body (C) - [-] - - 2009 United Republic of Tanzania: 231 live - (W) [-]

Phoenicopterus ruber LC 10/09/1998 Cuba 2009 Moderate (live, R) 2009 High (mostly live, R) - (ranched) Tauraco hartlaubi LC 13/05/1998 United 2009 Moderate (live, W) 2009 Moderate (live, mostly W) - Republic of Tanzania Tauraco livingstonii LC 13/05/1998 United 2009 467 live (W) 2009 Moderate (live, mostly W) - Republic of [386 live (W)] Tanzania Tauraco porphyreolophus LC 13/05/1998 Mozambique 2002 - - - - [30 live (W)] 13/05/1998 South Africa 2004 - 2008 3 bodies (W) - [10 live (C)] [3 bodies (C), 1 body (W)] 13/05/1998 Swaziland - - - - - 13/05/1998 Zimbabwe - - 2003 - - [2 trophies (W)] Accipiter cooperii LC 07/11/2000 United States - - - - - of America

Ramphastos tucanus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2007 324 live (W) 2009 180 live (W), 2 live (C) - [329 live (W)] [159 live (W)]

Ramphastos vitellinus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2009 Moderate (live, W) 2009 303 live (W) - [280 live (W)] Agapornis swindernianus LC 11/07/2000 Cameroon 2000 - 2000 25 live (W) - [100 live (W)] [75 live (W)] 10/12/1999 Democratic - - 2000 - - Republic of [30 live (W)] the Congo Alisterus chloropterus LC 26/11/1998 Indonesia 2003 - 2000 - - mozskowskii (sp.) [4 live (C)] [2 live (C)] Amazona amazonica LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2007 High (mostly live, W) 2009 High (live, W) -

Amazona farinosa LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2007 High (live, W) 2009 Moderate (mostly live, W) - Amazona finschi VU 07/11/2000 Mexico 2002 84 live (W), 50 live (C) 2007 158 live (W), 81 live (I), 4 bodies (W) - [303 live (W)] [341 live (W), 4 live (C)] Amazona ochrocephala LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 High (live, W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) - Ara ararauna LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 High (live, W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) - Ara chloropterus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 Moderate (live, W) 2009 Moderate (mostly live, W) - Ara severus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 402 live (W) 2009 Moderate (live, W) - [389 live (W)] Aratinga acuticaudata LC 23/06/1999 Paraguay 2002 High (live, W) 2002 155 live (W) - [176 live (W)]

Aratinga aurea LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 67 live (W) 2007 77 live (W) - [59 live (W)] [46 live (W)]

Aratinga leucophthalma LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 Moderate (live, W) 2008 296 live (W) - [476 live (W)]

Aratinga pertinax LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 High (live, W) 2008 High (live, W) - Brotogeris chrysoptera LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 Moderate (live, W) 2009 351 live (W) - [238 live (W)]

Chalcopsitta cardinalis LC 23/06/1999 Solomon 2005 110 live (W), 50 live (C) 2009 High (live, C and W) - Islands [-] Charmosyna josefinae LC 10/09/1998 Indonesia - - - - - Diopsittaca nobilis LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 263 live W 2009 89 live (W) - [140 live (W)] [53 live (W)] Eos reticulata NT 10/09/1998 Indonesia 2004 - 2004 101 live (C) - [15 live (C)] [135 live (C)]

Forpus passerinus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2004 High (live, W) 2009 High (live, W) - Lorius garrulus VU 10/09/1998 Indonesia 2008 147 live (C) 2003 139 live (C), 1 live (W) - [170 live (C)] [176 live (C), 1 live (W)] Myiopsitta monachus LC 16/09/1999 Paraguay 2003 High (mostly live, W) 2002 400 live (W) - [451 live (W)]

Nandayus nenday LC 16/09/1999 Paraguay 2003 High (live, W) 2002 300 live (W) - [258 live (W)] Orthopsittaca manilata LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 Moderate (live, W) 2005 212 live (W) - [70 live (W)] Pionites melanocephalus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 High (live, W) 2009 High (live, mostly W) - Pionus fuscus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 Moderate (live, W) 2009 High (live, W) - Pionus menstruus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2005 High (live, mostly W) 2009 High (live, W) - Poicephalus cryptoxanthus LC 10/09/1998 Mozambique 2007 Moderate (live, W) 2005 30 live (W) - [53 live (W)]

Poicephalus meyeri LC 10/09/1998 Mozambique - - 2002 1 live (C) - [-] Psittaculirostris LC 10/09/1998 Indonesia 2003 188 live (C) 2004 156 live (C) - desmarestii [209 live (C)] [198 live (C)] Psittaculirostris salvadorii VU 10/09/1998 Indonesia 2001 57 live (C) 2001 34 live (C) - [51 live (C)] [48 live (C)] Pyrrhura picta LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2004 350 live (W) 2008 Moderate (live, W) - [336 live (W)] Rhea americana NT 11/11/1997 Bolivia - - 2007 22 feathers (W), 3 feathers (C) - [22 garments (C), 3 garments (W)]

REPTILIA Caiman crocodilus LR/lc 11/07/2000 Bolivia - - 2009 9 skins (I), 9 small leather products (I), Moderate 4 bodies (I), [-] 11/07/2000 Cuba - - - - - 11/07/2000 Ecuador - - 2009 10 small leather products (I), 4 shoes - (I) [-] 11/07/2000 Nicaragua 2007 High (small leather products, skins 2009 High (mostly small leather products, High and large leather products, W) skins and bodies, W)

11/07/2000 Peru 2003 - 2008 40 teeth (W), 40 live (F), 2 skulls (I), 1 Low [120 live (C)] large leather product (I) [5 live (F), 2 live (W)] 22/07/1997 Suriname 2009 Moderate (live, W) 2008 Moderate (mostly live, W) - 11/07/2000 Trinidad and 2006 - - - - Tobago [1 live (C)] 11/07/2000 United States 2007 2 small leather products (I) 2009 68 small leather products (C), 3 live High of America [-] (C) [45 small leather products (C)] Bradypodion spinosum EN 23/06/1999 United 2009 52 live (F) 2009 24 live (F), 10 live (W) - Republic of [23 live (F), 10 live (W)] [31 live (F), 11 live (W)] Tanzania (F-1)

2004 Burundi: Moderate (live, W) 2004 Burundi: - - [400 live (W)]

2005 Democratic Republic of the Congo: - 2009 Democratic Republic of the Congo: - [201 live (W)] High (live, W)

2001 Kenya: 1 live (I) - - - [-]

2009 Mozambique: High (live, W) 2009 Mozambique: High (mostly live, W) Low

- - 2009 Namibia: - - [4 bodies (W)]

- - 2008 Nigeria: 6 bodies (I) - [-]

- - 2002 South Africa: 225 live (W) - [-]

2009 Uganda: High (mostly live, W) 2007 Uganda: High (mostly live, W) - - - 2001 Zambia: 1 live (W) - [-]

2007 Zimbabwe: 2 live (I) 2007 Zimbabwe: 1 live (W) - [-] [-]

2005 Democratic Republic of the Congo: 2003 Democratic Republic of the Congo: - Moderate (live, W) High (live, W)

2001 Guinea: 71 live (W) - - - [200 live (W)]

2009 Uganda: 185 live (W), 60 live (I) 2006 Uganda: Moderate (live, W) - [357 live (W)]

Chamaeleo incornutus - 23/06/1999 United 2008 52 live (F), 52 live (I) 2008 24 live (F), 4 live (W) - Republic of [48 live (F)] [35 live (F)] Tanzania (F-1) Chamaeleo johnstoni - 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Rwanda (3) 2004 Burundi: High (live, W and R) 2004 Burundi: High (live, W) - 2007 Uganda: High (mostly live, W) 2008 Uganda: High (mostly live, W) Low Chamaeleo laterispinis - 23/06/1999 United 2008 31 live (F) 2009 10 live (W), 7 live (F) - Republic of [17 live (F)] [5 live (F)] Tanzania (F-1) Chamaeleo melleri - 27/01/1999 Mozambique 2009 High (mostly live, W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) High Chamaeleo senegalensis - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Guinea - (13) Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Nigeria

2008 Guinea: - 2004 Guinea: 50 live (W) - [275 live (W)] - - 2009 Mali: Moderate (live, W) -

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade 2008 Senegal: - - - - [60 live (W)] - - 2004 Sierra Leone: - - [4 live (W)] Chamaeleo tempeli - 23/06/1999 United 2009 232 live (F) 2009 78 live (F), 30 live (W) - Republic of [191 live (F)] [178 live (F), 4 live (W)] Tanzania (F-1) Cordylus cordylus - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Lesotho, South Africa - (2) Cordylus tropidosternum - 27/01/1999 Angola - - - - - 27/01/1999 Botswana - - - - - 27/01/1999 Democratic - - - - - Republic of the Congo 27/01/1999 Ethiopia - - - - - 27/01/1999 Kenya - - - - - 27/01/1999 Malawi - - - - - 27/01/1999 South Africa - - - - - 27/01/1999 Swaziland - - - - - 27/01/1999 Zambia - - - - - 27/01/1999 Zimbabwe - - - - - Corucia zebrata - 11/11/1997 Papua New - - - - Low Guinea Furcifer oustaleti - 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Kenya (int) - (1) Furcifer pardalis - 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Mauritius (int), Reunion (int) - (2) Iguana iguana - 02/09/1997 All other No trade from: Anguilla (int), Aruba, Barbados (ex), Bolivia, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, French - countries Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, (31) Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

- - 2004 Cayman Islands: - - [3 live (W), 1 live (F)] 2000 Colombia: Moderate (live, C) 2009 Colombia: High (mostly live, C and High W) 2005 Ecuador: 1 live (I) 2008 Ecuador: 1 body (W), 1 egg (I) - [-] [-] 2009 Guatemala: High (live, C) 2009 Guatemala: High (mostly live, C) -

2009 Guyana: High (live, W) 2009 Guyana: High (mostly live, W) - - - 2009 Honduras: 184 eggs (I), 91 eggs (W), - 50 live (W), 12 bodies (I), 4 bodies (W), 5 kg meat (I), 1.4 kg meat (W) [152 live (W)] - - 2009 Mexico: Moderate (bodies and meat, - W and I) [-] 2009 Nicaragua: High (mostly live, C) 2009 Nicaragua: High (mostly live, C, W Low and R) 2004 Peru: Moderate (live, W) 2008 Peru: High (mostly live, W) - 2009 Suriname: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Suriname: High (live, W) Low

2008 United States of America: High 2009 United States of America: High Low (mostly live, C) (mostly live, C and unspecified)

12/12/2000 Costa Rica - - 2004 20 eggs (I), 1 live (C) - [4 live (C)] 02/09/1997 El Salvador 2009 High (mostly live, C and F) 2009 High (mostly live, C and W) High (captive- bred) Tupinambis duseni - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Brazil - (1) Tupinambis rufescens LC 22/07/1997 All countries 2008 Bolivia: Moderate (small leather - - - (4) products, W)

2004 Paraguay: High (skins and live, W) 2003 Paraguay: High (skins W, live, W and High C) Tupinambis teguixin LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (13)

2001 Argentina: High (skins, W) 2000 Argentina: High (skins and skin High pieces, W) - - - - Bolivia: Moderate

2001 Brazil: 2 live (C) - - -

- - 2009 Colombia: High (mostly live, C) Moderate

2009 Guyana: High (live, W) 2009 Guyana: High (mostly live, W) Low 2009 Paraguay: High (mostly skins, W) 2000 Paraguay: - High [214 skins (W)]

2008 Suriname: 146 live (W) 2009 Suriname: Moderate (live, W) - [247 live (W)]

- - 2005 Trinidad and Tobago: - - [5 live (W)]

- - 2002 Uruguay*: - - [1 live (W)] Varanus jobiensis LC 22/02/2000 Papua New - - - - - Guinea Varanus panoptes - 22/02/2000 Indonesia 2009 274 live (F) 2009 Moderate (mostly live, F) - [289 live (F), 6 live (C)]

Varanus salvadorii - 22/02/2000 Papua New - - - - - Guinea Kinyongia excubitor - 09/10/1997 All countries - Kenya:- - Kenya:- - (1) [-] [-]

Boa constrictor - 22/02/2000 Peru 2009 Moderate (mostly live, C and F) 2009 High (mostly live, C and F) -

2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) Low

Corallus caninus - 11/11/1997 All countries No trade from: Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (8)

2004 Brazil: 16 live (W) - - - [-] - - 2003 Colombia: High (live, C) - 2009 Guyana: High (live, W) 2009 Guyana: High (mostly live, W) Low 2009 Peru: 6 live (F) 2009 Peru: - - [2 live (F)] 02/09/1997 Suriname 2009 High (live, W and F) 2009 High (live, W and F) Low Corallus hortulanus - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (8) 2008 Brazil: 16 live (W) - - - [-]

- - 2009 Guyana: High (live, W) Low 2003 Peru:- 2007 Peru: 25 live (F), 24 live (C), 15 live - [14 live (C)] (W) [39 live (C), 5 live (F)] 22/07/1997 Suriname 2009 High (mostly live, W) 2001 High (live, W and F) Low Epicrates cenchria - 11/11/1997 All countries No trade from: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Paraguay - (11) 2005 Argentina: 49 live (C) 2009 Argentina: 119 live (C), 6 live (W) - [69 live (C)] [144 live (C), 6 live (W)] 2009 Guyana: 832 live (W) 2009 Guyana: High (live, W) Low [715 live (W)]

- - 2004 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): 6 - live (C), 3 live (W) [-] 22/07/1997 Suriname 2009 249 live (W), 69 live (F) 2009 Moderate (mostly live, W and F) - [304 live (W), 69 live (F)] Eunectes murinus - 22/07/1997 Suriname 2009 296 live (W), 66 live (F) 2009 High (live, W and F) Low [212 live (W), 66 live (F)]

Naja naja - 22/07/1997 Afghanistan - - - - - 22/07/1997 Bangladesh - - 2004 1 skin piece (W) - [-]

22/07/1997 Bhutan - - - - - 22/07/1997 Brunei - - - - - Darussalam

22/07/1997 Cambodia 2008 1 bodies (I) 2009 High (mostly live, W) - [-]

22/07/1997 China 2000 52 derivatives (I) 2009 Moderate (mostly meat and - [-] derivatives, W)

22/07/1997 India - - - - - 22/07/1997 Iran (Islamic - - - - - Republic of)

22/07/1997 Lao PDR - - 2009 High (mostly live, W) - 22/07/1997 Malaysia 2006 Moderate (mostly skins and live, W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) Low

22/07/1997 Myanmar - - 2006 High (mostly live, R ) -

22/07/1997 Singapore - - 2003 1 body (I) - [-] 22/07/1997 Sri Lanka - - 2009 - - [8 live (C)]

22/07/1997 Taiwan - - - - - (Province of China) 22/07/1997 Tajikistan - - - - - 22/07/1997 Thailand 2009 High (mostly skins and small leather 2009 High (mostly skins and small leather Low products, W) products, W) 22/07/1997 Turkmenistan - - - - -

22/07/1997 Uzbekistan - - - - - 22/07/1997 Viet Nam 2008 70 live (C), 35 bodies (I), 1 kg bodies 2009 65 bodies (I), 32 bodies (W), 17 - (I), 4 bodies (C), 1 body (W) derivatives (I), 11 derivatives (W), 1 [70 live (C), 12 bodies (C)] bottle derivatives (I), 1 skin (I) [-] Ptyas mucosus - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Afghanistan, Bhutan, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan - (19) (Province of China), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

- - - - Bangladesh: Low - - 2003 Cambodia: High (live, W) - 2003 Hong Kong SAR: 1 small leather - - - product (I) [-] - - 2001 India: 50 large leather products (I) Low [-] - - 2009 Lao PDR: High (live, R, W and C) -

- - 2005 Viet Nam: 3 live (W), 1 body (I), 1 - body (U) [-]

- - 2006 Singapore: High (skins, O) Low - - 2008 Thailand: Moderate (mostly large High leather products, small leather products and shoes, W)

Chelonoidis carbonaria - 15/12/1997 Guyana 2009 High (mostly live, W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) Low Kinixys erosa DD 11/11/1997 Togo 2005 476 live (R) 2007 190 live (R), 170 live (W) Low [190 live (R), 55 live (W)] [220 live (W), 160 live (R)]

AMPHIBIA Epipedobates trivittatus LC 22/07/1997 Suriname 2007 100 live (W) - - - [-]

Mantella betsileo LC 10/11/1999 Madagascar 2009 High (mostly live, W) 2009 High (mostly live, W) - Mantella ebenaui LC 10/11/1999 Madagascar - - - - -

INSECTA Ornithoptera aesacus VU 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2009 Moderate (mostly bodies, R) 2009 High (mostly bodies, R) Low (ranched)

Ornithoptera caelestis - 11/02/1998 Papua New - - - - - Guinea (ranched) Ornithoptera chimaera LR/nt 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies, R) 2009 Indonesia: Moderate (mostly bodies, Low (2) (ranched) R) 2009 Papua New Guinea: High (mostly 2009 Papua New Guinea: High (mostly Low bodies, R) bodies, R) Ornithoptera goliath - 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies, R) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies, R) Low (2) (ranched)

2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies, R) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies and Moderate live, R) 2009 Papua New Guinea: High (mostly 2009 Papua New Guinea: High (mostly Moderate bodies, R) bodies, R, W and C) 2000 Solomon Islands: 84 bodies (R) 2003 Solomon Islands: 322 bodies (I), 188 - [-] bodies (R) [-] Ornithoptera rothschildi VU 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2009 High (bodies, R) 2009 High (mostly bodies, R) Low (ranched)

Ornithoptera urvillianus - 11/02/1998 Papua New 2008 Moderate (mostly bodies, R and W) 2007 High (mostly bodies, R and W) Low Guinea (wild & ranched) Ornithoptera victoriae - 11/02/1998 Papua New 2009 High (mostly bodies, R) 2009 High (mostly bodies, R) Low Guinea (wild & ranched) Trogonoptera brookiana - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar (?), Philippines, South China Sea (disputed territory) - (7) (ranched)

2009 Indonesia: Moderate (bodies, R) 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, mostly R) Low 2009 Malaysia: High (mostly bodies, W) 2009 Malaysia: High (mostly bodies, C and Low W)

Troides amphrysus - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar, Singapore, South China Sea (disputed territory) - (7) (wild & ranched) 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, mostly R) 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, mostly R) Low

2008 Malaysia: Moderate (mostly bodies, W 2009 Malaysia: High (mostly bodies, W and Low and C) C) - - - Thailand: 3 bodies (I) - [-] Troides andromache LR/nt 11/02/1998 Malaysia - - - - - (wild & ranched) Troides criton - 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) Low (wild & ranched) Troides cuneifer - 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, mostly R) 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, mostly R) Low (3) (wild & ranched)

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade 2009 Malaysia: 14 bodies (W), 12 bodies C) 2009 Malaysia: 112 bodies (W), 16 bodies - [12 bodies (C), 10 bodies (W), 1 trophy (C), 10 bodies (I) (C)] [308 bodies (W), 60 bodies (C), 2 trophies (C)] 2001 Thailand: 2 bodies (I) - - - [-] Troide dohertyi - 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2009 214 bodies (R), 30 bodies (C) 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) Low (ranched) [268 bodies (R), 36 bodies (C)] Troides haliphron - 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) Low (wild & ranched) Troides helena - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia (?), China, Hong Kong SAR, - (15)(wild & India, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Viet Nam ranched) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies, R) 2009 Indonesia: High (live and bodies, Low mostly R and C) 2009 Malaysia: High (mostly live, C) 2009 Malaysia: High (mostly live, C) Low 2008 Thailand: 6 bodies (I) 2005 Thailand: 1 body (I), 1 body (W) - [-] [-] Troides hypolitus - 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) 2009 High (bodies, mostly R) Low (wild & ranched) Troides miranda - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: Brunei Darussalam - (3)(wild & ranched) 2009 Indonesia: 88 bodies (R), 4 bodies (F) 2009 Indonesia: Moderate (bodies, mostly Low [98 bodies (R), 4 bodies (F)] R) 2004 Malaysia: 4 bodies (W) 2006 Malaysia: - - [-] [4 bodies (W), 1 body (C)] Troides oblongomaculatus - 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly bodies, R) 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, R) Low (2) (wild & ranched) 2009 Papua New Guinea: High (mostly 2009 Malaysia: High (bodies, mostly R) Low bodies, R)

Troides prattorum VU 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2008 229 bodies (R), 25 bodies (C) 2009 Moderate (bodies, mostly R and C) - (ranched) [306 bodies (R), 65 bodies (C), 2 bodies (F)] Troides rhadamantus - 11/02/1998 Philippines 2009 High (mostly live and bodies, C) 2009 High (mostly live and bodies, C) Low Troides riedeli - 11/02/1998 Indonesia 2006 70 bodies (R) 2009 246 bodies (R) - (ranched) [238 bodies (R), 100 bodies (C)]

Troides vandepolli - 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Indonesia: 191 bodies (R), 20 bodies 2009 Indonesia: High (bodies, mostly R) Low (1) (wild & (C) ranched) [231 bodies (R), 76 bodies (C)]

HIRUDINOIDEA Hirudo medicinalis LR/nt 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Croatia, Norway - (5)

- - 2006 Belarus: - - [250 live (C)] 2009 Russian Federation: High (mostly live 2009 Russian Federation: High (mostly live, Low and derivatives, C) C)

2009 Ukraine: High (mostly derivatives, C 2009 Ukraine: High (live, C) High and unspecified and live, C and R) Hippopus hippopus LR/cd 22/07/1997 All others No trade from: American Samoa (ex, reint), Australia, Cook Islands (int), Guam (ex), India (?), - (22) Kiribati, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands (ex, reint), Papua New Guinea, Samoa (ex, reint), Tuvalu - - 2002 Fiji (ex, reint): 200 live (C), 36 live (W), - 100 shells (C) [-] 2009 Indonesia: Moderate (mostly live, F) 2009 Indonesia: 100 live (W), 86 live (F), 9 - shells (I), 6 shells (W) [385 live (F)] - - 2005 Japan (ex?): 3 shells (W), 2 shells (I) - [3 carvings (W)]

2001 Solomon Islands: 150 live (C), 100 live 2005 Solomon Islands: Moderate (mostly - (F) live, C, W and F) [-] - - 2007 Taiwan (Province of China) (ex?): 3 - shells (W) [-] - - 2006 Thailand (?): 1 carving (I) - [-]

BIVALVIA Hippopus porcellanus LR/cd 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea - (5)

- - 2006 Palau: 10 shells (C) - [-]

2004 Philippines (ex?): Moderate (shells, I) 2009 Philippines (ex?): High (mostly - carvings, I) Tridacna crocea LR/lc 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Guam (ex?), India (?), Northern Mariana Islands (ex?), Papua New Guinea, Taiwan - (16) (Province of China), Tuvalu (?), United States of America (ex, int)

- - 2009 Philippines: 23 live (W), 18 shells (I), - 12 shells (-), 4 shells (W), 2 carvings (W) [-] - - 2008 Singapore: 8 live (W) - [-] 2004 Thailand: 1 shell (I) - - - [-] Tridacna derasa VU 22/07/1997 All others No trade from: American Samoa (int), Guam (ex, reint), Northern Mariana Islands (ex, reint), Papua - (14) New Guinea, Tuvalu (int?)

2008 Australia: High (mostly live, C) 2007 Australia: Moderate (mostly live, C) - - - - - Cocos (Keeling) Islands: Low 2009 Cook Islands (int): High (mostly live, 2008 Cook Islands: High (mostly live, C) - C and W) 2009 Indonesia: 355 live (F), 30 live (C), 10 2009 Indonesia: Moderate (mostly live, W - shells (I), 3 live (W) and F) [455 live (F)] 2005 Malaysia: 50 live (C), 1 shell (I) - - Low [-]

- - 2002 Samoa (int): High (mostly live, W) - - 2006 United States of America (int?): 3 live (W) [-] Tridacna gigas VU 09/10/1997 All others No trade from: American Samoa (int), Cook Islands (int), Japan, Kiribati, Myanmar, Northern - (16) Mariana Islands (ex, reint), Samoa (ex, int), Taiwan (Province of China) (ex?), Thailand, Tuvalu (?), United States of America (int) 2004 Australia: 2 shells (O) 2008 Australia: High (mostly shells, C) Low [3 shells (C), 1 shell (O)] 2007 Indonesia: 50 live (C), 25 live (F), 1 2008 Indonesia: 72 live (F), 21 shells (W), 9 - shell (I) shells (I), 1 shell (U) [75 live (F)] [113 live (F)] - - 2008 Malaysia: High (mostly live, C) - 2009 New Caledonia (ex): - 2008 New Caledonia (ex): - Low [322 shells (W), 144.1 kg derivatives [1 carving (W)] (W), 116.2 kg derivatives (O), 32 carvings (W)] - - 2009 Philippines: 300 live (W), 34 shells (I), - 7 shells (W), 7 shells (-), 2 carvings (W), 2 carvings (-) [-] Tridacna maxima LR/cd 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory (?), Christmas Island, Comoros, - (44) Egypt, Guam, Hong Kong SAR (ex), India, Kenya, Maldives, Mauritius, Myanmar, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Pitcairn, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Somalia (?), Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tokelau, Tuvalu, Wallis and Futuna Islands 2009 Australia: High (mostly live and 2009 Australia: High (live, mostly C and W) Moderate shells, C) 2006 China: 4 shells (I) - - - [-]

2009 Palau: High (live, mostly F and C) 2009 Palau: Moderate (mostly live, W and - C, and shells, C) 2000 Papua New Guinea: - - - - [4 shells (W)] - - 2009 Philippines: 43 shells (-), 18 shells (W), - 18 shells (I), 10 kg shells (C), 4 carvings (I), 3 carvings (W) [-] - - 2002 Samoa: High (live, mostly W) - 2008 Seychelles: High (mostly live, C) 2002 Seychelles: 400 live (C) - [400 live (C), 1 shell (W)] - - 2008 Singapore: 2 live (W) - [-]

- - 2006 South Africa: 1 shell (I) - [-]

2007 United Republic of Tanzania: 7 shells 2002 United Republic of Tanzania: 2 shells - (I) (I) [-] [-]

- - 2002 Kenya: 2 shells (W) - [-] 2005 Madagascar: 2 shells (I) - - - [-] 2006 Malaysia: 185 live (C), 15 live (I) 2009 Malaysia: 303 live (C), 145 live (W), 13 - [-] shells (I) [-] 2008 Marshall Islands: High (mostly live, C 2009 Marshall Islands: High (mostly live, C, Low and F) W and F) - - 2004 Micronesia (Federated States of): 6 live - (W), 2 live (C), 1 shell (I) [-] 2009 Palau: High (mostly live, F and C) 2009 Palau: Moderate (mostly live and - shells, W) - - 2009 Papua New Guinea: 4 shells (I) - [-] 2002 Philippines: 5 kg shells (I) 2009 Philippines: High (mostly live, C) - [-] - - 2002 Samoa: 67 live (W), 42 live (C) - [-]

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade 2000 Seychelles: 1 shell (W) 2004 Seychelles: - - [-] [2 shells (W), 1 carving (W)] - - 2006 South Africa: 1 shell (I) - [-] - - 2008 United Republic of Tanzania: 4 shells - (W) [-] 2002 Thailand: 1 carving (I) 2000 Thailand: - - [-] [100 live (C)] GASTROPODA Strombus gigas - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Guadeloupe, Montserrat (?), Puerto Rico - (26) 2008 Anguilla: 5 shells (I) 2005 Anguilla: 4 shells (I) - [-] 2009 Aruba (?): 5 derivatives (W) 2009 Aruba (?): High (meat, mostly W) Low [194 shells (W), 5 shells (C), 52 carvings (W)] 2009 Bahamas: High (mostly shells and 2009 Bahamas: High (mostly meat, shells Low meat, W) and carvings, W) 2008 Belize: 46 shells (W) 2009 Belize: High (mostly meat, W) Low [400 pieces meat (W), 13 shells (W), 1 body (W)] 2002 Bermuda: 2 shells (I) 2003 Bermuda: 3 shells (I) - [-] [-] 2002 Brazil: 7 shells (I) - - - [-] 2003 British Virgin Islands: - 2009 British Virgin Islands: 109 kg meat (I), - [5 kg meat (W), 3 shells (W)] 24 shells (W), 3 shells (I), 9 carvings (W), 1 carving (I) [11 shells (W), 3.63 kg meat (W)] 2007 Cayman Islands: 24 shells (I), 2 shells 2009 Cayman Islands: 144 shells (I), 34 Low (W) shells (W), 11 shells (U), 12 carvings [56 shells (W)] (W) [297 shells (W)]

2009 Cuba: High (mostly meat, W) 2009 Cuba: High (mostly meat, W) Low 2009 Dominican Republic: Moderate 2009 Dominican Republic: High (mostly Low (mostly shells, W) meat, W and C) 2009 Honduras: High (shells, W) 2010 Honduras: High (mostly meat, W and - shells, C and W) 2006 Martinique: 2 shells (I) - - - [-]

2009 Netherlands Antilles: 171 shells (W), 1 2009 Netherlands Antilles: 67 shells (W) - shell (I) [-] - - 2009 Nicaragua (?): High (mostly meat and - shells, W) 2008 Panama: 75 shells (I) 2000 Panama: 1 shell (I) Low [-] 2009 Saint Kitts and Nevis: High (mostly 2009 Saint Kitts and Nevis: High (mostly Low meat, W) meat, W) 2005 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 3 2009 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: - shells (W), 2 shells (I) High (mostly meat, W) [10 shells (W)] 2009 Turks and Caicos Islands: High 2009 Turks and Caicos Islands: High - (mostly shells, W) (mostly meat, W and shells, W and R) 2009 United States of America: 45 shells (I), 2009 Unites States of America: High - 43 shells (W), 33 shells (U) (mostly meat, W) [1 shell (W)] 2007 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): 9 2006 Venezuala (Bolivarian Republic of): 1 - shells (I), 1 shell (W) shell (I) [-] [-]

- - 2009 China: Moderate (mostly carvings, W) - - - 2009 Fiji: 450 raw corals (W), 10 g raw - corals (I) [2 raw corals (W)] - - 2009 Marshall Islands: 2 live (W), 0.262 kg - raw corals (I) [-] - - 2009 Micronesia (Federated States of): 1 - raw coral (I) [-] 2000 New Caledonia: - - - - [1 raw coral (W)] - - 2006 Palau: 1 carving (I) - [-] - - 2000 Philippines: 10 raw corals (-) - [-] 2005 Seychelles: - - - - [1 raw coral (W)]

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade - - 2007 Taiwan (Province of China): High - (carvings, W) Acropora echinata VU 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: French Polynesia, Guam, India, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall - (24) Islands, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Vanuatu, Viet Nam - - 2009 Australia: 132 live (W) - [-] 2002 Fiji: 179 live (W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) - [-] 2008 Indonesia: High (live, F and W) 2009 Indonesia: High (live, mostly F and - W) - - 2009 Malaysia: 16 live (W) - [-] - - 2007 Palau: 36 live (C), 2 live (W) - [-] - - - - Solomon Islands: Low - - 2009 Tonga: 35 live (C) - [-] - - - - United States of America: Low Acropora florida NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: British Indian Ocean Territory, Cook Islands, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Maldives, - (30) Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Samoa, Singapore, South Africa, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu - - 2009 Australia: 14 kg raw corals (W), 3 live - (W) [24 kg live (W)]

- - 2009 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) -

- 2008 Japan: - - [11 raw corals (W)]

2001 Madagascar: Moderate (live, W) - - -

2004 New Caledonia: - 2002 New Caledonia: - - [70 raw corals (W)] [3 raw corals (W)] - - - - Philippines: Low Acropora humilis NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) - (49) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America - - 2009 Australia: 43 live (W) - [-] 2003 Fiji: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals and live, Low W) 2003 French Polynesia: - - - - [1 live (W)] - - 2009 Malaysia: 54 live (W) - [-] - - 2009 Micronesia (Federated States of): 138 - live (W), 71 live (F) [-] - - 2000 Papua New Guinea: - - [13 raw corals (W)] - - 2009 Singapore: 4 raw corals (W) - [-] 2008 Solomon Islands: Moderate (raw 2009 Solomon Islands: High (mostly raw - corals, W) corals, W)

2008 Vanuatu: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Vanuatu: High (live, W) - - - 2001 Viet Nam: High (raw corals, W) Low Acropora nasuta NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, - (47) French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Yemen 2009 Australia: 50 live (W) 2009 Australia: 43 live (W) - [-] [-]

2001 Fiji: 62 raw corals (W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) - [-] 2007 Indonesia: High (live, F and W) 2009 Indonesia: High (live, mostly F and - W) - - 2009 Tonga: 170 live (C), 158 live (W) - [-] - - 2009 Vanuatu: 20 live (W) - [-] Catalaphyllia plicata - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Australia, New Caledonia, Palau, Philippines - (4) Ctenactis echinata LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, Australia, China, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, - (32) India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United States of America, Vanuatu, Viet Nam 2002 Fiji: 80 live (W) 2002 Fiji: 40 raw corals (W) - [-] [2 raw corals (W)] Euphyllia cristata VU 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Japan, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan (Province of - (9) China), Viet Nam

2009 Fiji: High (live, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly live, W) Low - - 2009 Malaysia: 329 live (W), 20 live (U), 19 - raw corals (R) [-] 2002 Marshall Islands: 3 live (W) - - - [-] 2009 Micronesia (Federated States of): High 2009 Micronesia (Federated States of): - (live, mostly F) Moderate (live, mostly W and F) - - 2009 Singapore: 25 raw corals (-), 14 raw - corals (W) [-] 2009 Solomon Islands: High (live, W) 2009 Solomon Islands: High (mostly live, - W) 2003 Vanuatu: 5 live (W) 2008 Vanuatu: 51 live (W), 2 raw corals (C) - [15 live (W)] [70 live (C), 26 live (W)] - - - - Viet Nam: Low Fungia concinna LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cocos (Keeling) - (38) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Vanuatu, Viet Nam

Fungia fungites NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Christmas Island, Cocos - (50) (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Timor-Leste, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu 2009 Australia: High (live, W) 2008 Australia: 2 live (W) - [54 live (W)] 2003 Fiji: Moderate (live, W) 2008 Fiji: 5 live (W) - [-] 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) Low - - 2004 Japan: 3 live (W) - [-] - - 2008 Malaysia: 10 live (F), 10 live (U) - [10 live (W)] 2009 New Caledonia: High (mostly raw 2007 New Caledonia: - - corals, W) [11 raw corals (W), 5 carvings (W)]

2002 Solomon Islands: 236 live (W) 2009 Solomon Islands: Moderate (live, - [-] mostly W) 2008 Tonga: 425 live (W) 2009 Tonga: 165 live (W), 1 kg live (W) - [-] [-] - - - - United States of America: Low - - - - Viet Nam: Low

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade Fungia repanda LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Christmas Island, Djibouti, - (36) Fiji, French Polynesia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam 2009 Australia: 61 live (W) 2009 Australia: 11 live (W) - [-] [-] Leptoria phrygia NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Christmas Island, Cocos - (49) (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu 2009 Australia: 165 live (W) 2009 Australia: 366 live (W), 3 live (I) - [16 live (W)] [316 live (W)]

- - 2002 Fiji: 422 raw corals (W) - [2 raw corals (W)] - - 2009 Malaysia: 10 live (R), 2 live (W), 7 raw - corals (R) [-] - - 2006 Solomon Islands: 4 live (W) - [-] 2009 Tonga: 72 live (W) 2009 Tonga: High (mostly live, W) - [-] 2003 Viet Nam: High (raw corals, W) 2001 Viet Nam: High (raw corals, W) - Lobophyllia corymbosa LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cook Islands, Djibouti, - (42) Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam

2009 Australia: 3 live (W) 2009 Australia: 33 live (W) - [10 live (W)] [-] - - 2009 Cook Islands: 7 raw corals (W) - [-] 2006 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly live and raw corals, Low W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) Low - - 2009 Malaysia: 3 live (W) - [-]

- - 2009 Singapore: 9 raw corals (W) - [-] 2008 Solomon Islands: 70 live (W), 33 raw 2009 Solomon Islands: High (mostly raw Low corals (W) corals, W) [-] 2006 Tonga: 70 live (W) 2009 Tonga: 421 live (W), 8 live (C), 2 kg - [-] live (W) [-] - - 2008 Vanuatu: 10 live (W) - [16 live (C)]

- - 2002 Fiji: - - [2 raw corals (W)] - - 2007 Malaysia: 5 live (U) - [-] 2002 New Caledonia: - - - - [3 raw corals (W)] - - - - Philippines: Low - - 2009 Singapore: 3 raw corals (W) - [-] - - 2009 Solomon Islands: 36 live (W) - [-] Plerogyra sinuosa NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Djibouti, Egypt, Guam, India, - (31) Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Mauritius, Northern Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Viet Nam 2009 Australia: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Australia: 243 live (W), 3 live (I) - [327 live (W), 15 raw corals (W)] - - 2009 Malaysia: Moderate (live, mostly W) - 2004 Marshall Islands: 110 live (W) - - - [-] 2002 New Caledonia: 2 live (W) - - - [-] - - 2007 Palau: 16 live (W), 4 live (C) - [-] - - 2009 Singapore: 40 raw corals (W), 8 live - (W) [-] 2007 Solomon Islands: 376 live (W) 2009 Solomon Islands: High (mostly live, Low [-] W) 2003 Vanuatu: 50 live (W) - - - [-]

- - 2001 Fiji: 58 live (W) - [-] Pocillopora damicornis LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Chile, Christmas Island, Cocos - (55) (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia (Federated States of), New Caledonia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands - - 2009 Australia: 36.98 kg raw corals (W), 6 - raw corals (W), 1 raw coral (U), 1 live (W) [-] - - 2008 Cook Islands: 10 raw corals (W) - [-] 2003 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals and - carvings, W) - - 2003 Jordan: 15 raw corals (W) - [-] 2007 Madagascar: - - - - [10 live (R)] 2005 Marshall Islands: 88 live (W) 2007 Marshall Islands: Moderate (live, - [-] mostly W) 2000 Mozambique: High (raw corals, W) 2000 Mozambique: - - [350 raw corals (W)] - - 2000 Philippines: 4 raw corals (-) - [-] 2006 Seychelles: - - - - [1 raw coral (W)] - - 2008 United States of America: 25 live (-), - 15 raw corals (F) [-]

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade 2001 Vanuatu: 20 live (W) 2009 Vanuatu: 70 live (W), 5 live (F), 10 raw - [40 live (W)] corals (W) [200 live (W)] Pocillopora eydouxi NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, - (41) Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guam, India, Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, New Caledonia, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Vanuatu - - 2009 Australia: 22 kg raw corals (W), 5 raw - corals (W), 2 live (W) [71.8 kg live (W), 2 live (W)] - - 2009 Cook Islands: 5 raw corals (W) - [-] 2001 Fiji: Moderate (raw corals, W) 2003 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) - 2003 French Polynesia: - - - - [1 live (W)] 2009 Indonesia: High (live, mostly F) 2009 Indonesia: High (live, mostly F) - Pocillopora verrucosa LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Chile, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, - (57) Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia (Federated States of), Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, South China Sea (disputed territory), Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Yemen

2007 Australia: - 2009 Australia: 1 live (W) - [10 live (W)] [7 kg live (W)] 2002 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly raw corals, W) - 2003 French Polynesia: - - - - [1 live (W)] 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and F) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and Low F) 2002 Mozambique: High (raw corals, W) - - -

Direct trade from countries subject to positive opinion Date IUCN positive Country EU trade Non-EU trade Re-exports Species Red opinion (no. of to EU List first in countries) Last Last 2000-2009 place in Trade levels 2000-2009 in Trade levels 2000-2009 trade trade 2007 New Caledonia: - 2006 New Caledonia: - - [69 raw corals (W)] [3 raw corals (W)] - - 2007 Palau: 19 live (C), 2 live (W) - [-] - - 2000 Philippines: High (raw corals, mostly - W) 2007 Solomon Islands: High (mostly raw 2009 Solomon Islands: High (mostly raw - corals, W) corals, W) 2009 Tonga: Moderate (live, W) 2008 Tonga: High (mostly live, W) - - - 2000 Vanuatu: 30 live (W) - [65 live (W)] Psammocora contigua NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cook Islands, - (43) Djibouti, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mozambique, New Caledonia, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Sandalolitha robusta LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, Australia, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Djibouti, - (29) Fiji, French Polynesia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam

Seriatopora hystrix LC 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Djibouti, - (38) Egypt, Guam, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sudan, Thailand, United Republic of Tanzania 2009 Australia: 285 live (W) 2009 Australia: 12 kg raw corals (W), 2 raw - [130 kg raw corals (W), 20 kg live (W), corals (W), 1 live (W) 10 live (W)] [54 kg live (W), 1 live (W), 3 raw corals (W)] 2009 Fiji: High (live, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly live and raw corals, Low W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and F) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and - F)

2008 Vanuatu: 40 live (W) 2009 Vanuatu: 43 live (W), 10 live (C) - [100 live (W), 20 live (C)] [91 live (C), 7 live, (W)] 2002 Viet Nam: High (raw corals, W) 2004 Viet Nam: Moderate (raw corals, W) - Stylophora pistillata NT 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Djibouti, Egypt, Guam, India, (45) Israel, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mozambique, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Tuvalu, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Yemen 2007 Australia: - 2009 Australia: 0.17 kg raw corals (I) - [10 live (W)] [-] 2003 Fiji: Moderate (live, W) 2002 Fiji: Moderate (mostly raw corals, W) - 2003 French Polynesia: - - - - [1 live (W)] 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and F) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and Low F) - - 2008 Japan: - - [6 raw corals (W)]

2003 Vanuatu: 32 live (W) 2003 Vanuatu: 80 live (W), 10 raw corals - [5 live (W)] (W) [40 live (W)] Tubastraea coccinea - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: American Samoa, Anguilla, Aruba (int), Bahamas, Belize (int), Brazil, British Indian (63) Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands (int), Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (int), Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, French Polynesia, Guadeloupe, Honduras, Hong Kong SAR, India, Jamaica (int), Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Korea (Republic of), Kuwait, Madagascar, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, Netherlands Antilles (int), New Caledonia, New Zealand, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico (int), Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Province of China), Thailand, Turks and Caicos Islands, United Republic of Tanzania, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, United States Virgin Islands, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (int), Viet Nam

- - 2009 Australia: 26 live (W) - [-] - - 2005 Ecuador: 67 live (W) - [-] - - 2006 Fiji: 9 live (W) - [-] 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) Low - - 2009 Malaysia: 31 live (W), 30 live (F), 8 live - (R), 10 raw corals (R) [-]

2009 Australia: 33 live (W) 2009 Australia: 32 live (W), 2 live (I) - [-] [22 live (W)]

- - 2009 Cook Islands: 0.1 kg raw corals (W) - [-] 2009 Fiji: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Fiji: High (mostly live and raw corals, - W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W) 2009 Indonesia: High (mostly live, W and F Low and raw corals, W)

2006 Kenya: 1 raw coral (I) 2002 Kenya: 680 g raw corals (W) - [-] [-]

- - 2009 Malaysia: 14 live (W), 9 live (R), 6 live - (U) [4 live (W)]

2002 Marshall Islands: 19 live (W) 2001 Marshall Islands: 146 g raw corals (I), - [-] 2 raw corals (I) [-] 2008 New Caledonia: - - - - [73 raw corals (W)]

2004 Philippines: 2 raw corals (I) 2008 Philippines: 2 raw corals (I) Low [-] [-]

2005 Seychelles: - - - - [1 raw coral (W)] - - 2007 Taiwan (Province of China): 5 g raw - corals (I) [-]

Sternbergia clusiana - 15/12/1997 All countries No trade from: Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic, - (7) Turkey

CACTACEAE Echinocactus grusonii CR 02/09/1997 All countries 2009 Mexico: 1 live (A) 2008 Mexico: 2 live (I) - (1) [2 live (A)] CYCADACEAE Cycas revoluta LC 22/07/1997 All countries 2009 China: High (mostly live and leaves, 2009 China: High (mostly live and leaves, High (2) A) A)

2009 Japan: High (mostly live, A) 2009 Japan: High (mostly live and seeds, A) Low

Dicksonia sellowiana - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, - (16) Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela Dicksonia squarrosa - 09/10/1997 All countries 2001 New Zealand: High (mostly live, W) 2001 New Zealand: High (mostly flower - (1) pots, W)

DIDIEREACEAE Alluaudia procera LR/nt 15/12/1997 Madagascar 2008 171 live (A), 2 live (W) 2005 2 live (W) - [65 live (A), 29 live (W)] {7 live (W), 5 g seeds (W)]

LILIACEAE Aloe ferox - 22/07/1997 All countries 2009 South Africa: High (mostly extract, 2009 South Africa: High (mostly extract High (1) derivatives and leaves, W) and derivatives, W)

ORCHIDACEAE Aerangis citrata - 02/09/1997 Madagascar 2008 35 live (A) 2008 60 live (W), 10 live (A) - [38 live (A), 36 live (W)] [196 live (W), 112 live (A), 15 fruit (W)] Aerangis curnowiana - 15/12/1997 Madagascar 2008 28 live (A), 2 live (W) 2009 109 live (W) - [29 live (A), 22 live (W)] [161 live (W), 79 live (A), 4 fruit (W)]

Aerangis fastuosa - 02/09/1997 Madagascar 2009 59 live (W), 35 live (A) 2008 70 live (W), 7 live (A) - [111 live (W), 43 live (A)] [203 live (W), 100 live (A), 5 sets of seeds (W)] Aerangis fuscata - 09/10/1997 All countries 2008 Madagascar: 74 live (A), 10 live (W) 2007 Madagascar: 34 live (W), 2 live (A) - (1) [64 live (A), 53 live (W)] [187 live (A), 31 live (W)] Aerangis hyaloides - 02/09/1997 Madagascar 2008 34 live (A) 2008 68 live (W) - [86 live (W), 41 live (A)] [72 live (A), 61 live (W), 15 fruit (W), 5 sets of seeds (W)] Aerangis modesta - 15/12/1997 All countries No trade from: Comoros - (2) 2009 Madagascar: 10 live (W) 2006 44 live (W), 6 live (A) - [28 live (A), 22 live (W)] [54 live (A), 23 live (W)]

Ascocentrum ampullaceum - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: China, Bangladesh, Lao PDR, Nepal, Vietnam - (7)

- - 2003 Myanmar: - - [l live (W)]

2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, A) - Ascocentrum curvifolium - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: India, Lao PDR (?), Viet Nam (?) - (5)

- - 2007 Myanmar: - - [25 live (A), 1 live (W)]

2009 Thailand: High (live, A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) - Ascocentrum miniatum - 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Lao PDR - (7)

2008 India: 64 live (A) 2009 India: - - [3 live (A)] [60 live (A)]

2007 Indonesia: Moderate (live A) 2006 Indonesia: 1 live (A) - [469 live (A)]

2007 Malaysia: 21 live (A) 2009 Malaysia: 93 live (A), 5 cultures (A) - [221 live (A)] [372 live (A)]

- - 2005 Philippines: High (live, mostly A) - 2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, A) - 2000 Viet Nam: - 2004 Viet Nam: 78 live (W), 1 live (I) - [100 live (W)] [50 live (W)]

2007 Indonesia: High (live, A) 2008 Indonesia: High (live, A) - 2009 Malaysia: High (live, A) 2009 Malaysia: High (mostly live, A) - - - 2006 Myanmar: 5 live (A), 1 live (W) - [7 live (A), 1 live (W)]

2008 Philippines: 187 live (A) 2008 Philippines: Moderate (live, A) Low [-]

2009 Thailand: 321 live (A), 8 live (-) 2009 Thailand: High (live, A) - [185 live (A), 1 dried plant (W)]

Calanthe rosea - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Myanmar - (2)

2009 Thailand: 276 live (A), 10 live (-) 2009 Thailand: Moderate (live, mostly A) - [179 live (A)] Cattleya walkeriana - 15/12/1997 Brazil 2009 High (live, A) 2008 High (live, A) Low Cleisostoma capricorne - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Malaysia, Thailand - (2)

Cleisostoma crassifolium - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Philippines - (1)

Cymbidium dayanum - 22/07/1997 All countries No trade from: Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar - (11)

- - 2006 China: - - [3 live (A)]

2009 India: - 2009 India: - - [32 live (A)] [99 live (A)]

2005 Japan: 25 live (A) 2004 Japan: - - [25 live (A)]

2009 Malaysia: 10 live (A) 2009 Malaysia: 5 live (A) - [-] [142 live (A)]

- - 2004 Viet Nam: 48 live (W) - [-]

Cypripedium barbeyi - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: China, Korea, Russian Federation, Ukraine (?) - (4)

Cypripedium guttatum - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: Belarus, China, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Korea (Republic of), - (8) Mongolia, Russian Federation, United States of America

- - 2007 Canada: - - [9 live (A)]

Cypripedium macranthos - 27/01/1999 Taiwan - - 2001 China: High (live, A) - (Province of China) Cypripedium montanum - 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Canada: 545 live (A) 2008 Canada: 3 live (A) - (2) [147 live (A)] {131 live (A)]

2008 United States of America: 366 live (A), - - - 0.5 kg seeds (I) [-] Cypripedium parviflorum - 11/02/1998 All countries 2009 Canada: High (mostly live, A) 2008 Canada: Moderate (live, A) - (2) 2009 United States of America: Moderate 2001 United States of America: 20 live (W) - (live, mostly W) [40 live (W)] Cypripedium passerinum - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: United States of America - (2)

Cypripedium shanxiense - 11/02/1998 All countries No trade from: China, Japan, Russian Federation - (3) Cypripedium tibeticum - 11/02/1998 All countries 2005 Taiwan (Province of China): 330 live 2006 Taiwan (Province of China): 250 live - (1) (A) (A) [-] [-] Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 Bhutan - - - - - Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 China 2008 Taiwan (Province of China): 60 2008 Taiwan (Province of China): 10044 live - cultures (A), 10 live (A) (A), 57 live (I) [-] [-]

Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 India 2009 394 live (A) 2009 - - [196 live (A)] [12 live (A)]

Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 Lao PDR - - 2009 High (mostly live, A and W) - Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 Myanmar - - 2003 1 live (W) - [5 live (A), 1 live (W)]

Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 Nepal - - - - - Dendrobium chrysotoxum - 15/12/1997 Viet Nam 2004 70 live (W), 28 live (A) - - - [-]

Dendrobium delacourii - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar (?) - (5) 2009 Thailand: 497 live (A), 5 live (-) 2009 Thailand: High (live, A) - [409 live (A)]

2003 Viet Nam: 250 live (W) 2003 Viet Nam: 10 live (W) - [50 live (W)] [-]

Dendrobium farmeri - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Lao PDR, Nepal - (9)

2009 India: 298 live (A) 2009 India: Moderate (live, A) - [16 live (A)]

- - 2003 Myanmar: 6 live (A), 1 live (W) - [1 live (W)]

2009 Thailand: High (mostly live, A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) - 2004 Viet Nam: 28 live (A) 2004 Viet Nam: Moderate (live, W and A) - [-]

Dendrobium hercoglossum - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Cambodia, Hong Kong (SAR), Philippines - (8)

- - 2007 Lao PDR: 7000 kg roots (W) - [-]

2003 Malaysia: - 2008 Malaysia: - - [20 live (A)] [120 live (A)]

2002 Taiwan (Province of China): 10 2001 Taiwan (Province of China): 10 live - cultures (A) (A) [-] [-]

2009 Thailand: Moderate (live, A) 2009 Thailand: Moderate (live, A) - 2003 Viet Nam: 100 live (W) 2005 Viet Nam: 223 live (W) - [50 live (W)] [-]

Dendrobium lindleyi - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Bangladesh, China, Lao PDR - (8) 2009 India: 193 live (A) 2008 India: 40 live (A) - [12 live (A)] [285 live (A)]

- - 2006 Myanmar: 25 live (A) - [5 live (A), 1 live (W)]

2008 Taiwan (Province of China): 60 2008 Taiwan (Province of China): High - cultures (A), 20 live (A) (live, A) [-]

2009 Thailand: High (mostly live, A) 2009 Thailand: High (mostly live, A) -

Dendrobium oligophyllum - 15/12/1997 Viet Nam 2003 30 live (W) 2005 43 live (W) - [-]

Dendrobium senile - 15/12/1997 All countries No trade from: Lao PDR, Myanmar - (3)

2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) 2009 Thailand: High ( mostly live, A) - Gastrochilus dasypogon - 15/12/1997 All countries No trade from: Lao PDR, Nepal, Viet Nam - (5) 2009 India: Moderate (live, A) 2009 India: 90 live (A) - [410 live (A)]

2009 Thailand: 119 live (A) 2009 Thailand: 1 live (A) - [89 live (A)] [372 live (A)]

Habenaria rhodocheila - 15/12/1997 China - - - - - Habenaria rhodocheila - 15/12/1997 Lao PDR - - - - - Habenaria rhodocheila - 15/12/1997 Malaysia - - - - - Laelia purpurata - 15/12/1997 Brazil 2009 High (mostly live, A) 2009 High (mostly live, A) - Phalaenopsis gibbosa - 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Lao PDR, Viet Nam - (3) 2009 Taiwan (Province of China): 15 live 2005 Taiwan (Province of China): 2 live (I) - (A) [-] [-] Phalaenopsis pulcherrima - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: Cambodia, India, Lao PDR, Myanmar - (9) 2005 Indonesia: 2 live (A) 2006 Indonesia: 3 live (A) - [-] [73 live (A)]

2007 Malaysia: High (live, A) 2007 Malaysia: Moderate (live, A) - 2007 Taiwan (Province of China): 110 live 2007 Taiwan (Province of China): 496 live - (A) (A) [-] [-]

- - 2003 Viet Nam: 4 live (W) - [-]

Phalaenopsis schilleriana - 02/09/1997 Philippines 2009 358 live (A) 2008 1859 live (A), 142 live (I) Low [-] [-]

Rhynchostylis coelestis - 15/12/1997 All countries No trade from: Cambodia - except Thailand (2) - - 2003 Viet Nam: 534 live (W) - [1000 live (W)]

Rhynchostylis gigantea - 02/09/1997 All countries No trade from: Cambodia, Myanmar, Singapore (ex) - (9)

- - 2007 Lao PDR: 5 live (W) - [-]

2006 Malaysia: Moderate (live, A) 2009 Malaysia: High (live, A) - 2008 Philippines: 1 live (A) 2007 Philippines: 2 live (A) - [-] [-]

2008 Taiwan (Province of China): 6970 live 2008 Taiwan (Province of China): 20096 live - (A) (A) [-] [-]

2009 Thailand: High (mostly live, A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) Low - - 2003 Viet Nam: 144 live (W), 3 live (I) - [80 live (W)] Rhynchostylis retusa - 15/12/1997 All countries No trade from: Bangladesh, Cambodia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka - (13)

2009 India: 413 live (A) 2009 India: - - [111 live (A)] [517 live (A)]

2006 Indonesia: 78 live (A) 2006 Indonesia: 83 live (A) - [77 live (A)] [430 live (A)]

2009 Malaysia: 106 live (A) 2009 Malaysia: Moderate (live, A) - [37 live (A)]

2005 Philippines: 119 live (A) 2008 Philippines: 371 live (A) - [-] [-]

2008 Taiwan (Province of China): 15 live 2007 Taiwan (Province of China): 102 live - (A) (A) [-] [-] 2009 Thailand: High (live, A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, A) - 2001 Viet Nam: 50 live (W) 2004 Viet Nam: 72 live (W), 12 live (I) - [-] [-]

Schoenorchis fragrans - 09/10/1997 All countries No trade from: China, Myanmar - (4)

2009 India: 12 live (A) 2009 India: - - [240 live (A)] [239 live (A)]

2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) 2009 Thailand: High (live, mostly A) - Schoenorchis pachyacris - 22/07/1997 All countries - Indonesia: - - Indonesia: - - (1)

Sophronitis coccinea - 15/12/1997 Brazil 2009 High (live, A) 2008 High (live, A) - Vanda coerulescens - 09/10/1997 All countries 2009 India: 444 live (A) 2009 India: 50 live (A) - (4) [110 live (A)] [393 live (A)]

- - 2003 Myanmar: 9 live (A), 1 live (W) - [1 live (W)]

2009 Taiwan (Province of China): 5 live (A) - - - [-]

2009 Thailand: Moderate (live, A) 2009 Thailand: Moderate (live, A) -

Sarracenia purpurea - 22/07/1997 All countries 2008 United States of America: High 2006 United States of America: High (live, - (1) (mostly live, A) A)

6. Annex II. Countries for which there is a CITES suspension or national legislation restricting trade

County CITES Notification Notes

Djibouti No. 2011/010 CITES suspension to suspend commercial trade in CITES-listed species The Management Authority of India has informed the Secretariat that the Government of India has banned the export for commercial purposes of all India No. 1999/39 wild-taken specimens of species included in Appendices I, II and III, but permits the export of cultivated varieties of plant species included in Appendices I and II. Israel prohibits the export of specimens of its native wildlife. Exceptions Israel No. 2004/025 might be made inter alia for scientific or educational purposes. Mauritania No. 2004/055 CITES suspension to suspend commercial trade in CITES-listed species Standing Committee recommends that Parties should refuse any import Nigeria No. 2005/038 from and export or re-export to Nigeria of specimens of CITES-listed species. Paraguay maintains its voluntary moratorium in exports of CITES Paraguay No. 2011/009 Appendix II species, except for stocks of legally acquired reptile skins and trade in essential oil and timber of Bulnesia sarmientoi. The export for commercial purposes of wild-caught specimens of wild terrestrial fauna is prohibited. The export of CITES-listed aquatic species is Philippines No. 2010/038 also prohibited (however, an exemption may be granted for limited quantities, if the export is for scientific purposes). No. 2004/005 & Somalia CITES suspension to suspend commercial trade in CITES-listed species No. 2006/074

7. Annex III. Key to Purpose and Source Codes

Source of specimens Code Description W Specimens taken from the wild R Ranched specimens: specimens of animals reared in a controlled environment, taken as eggs or juveniles from the wild, where they would otherwise have had a very low probability of surviving to adulthood D Appendix-I animals bred in captivity for commercial purposes in operations included in the Secretariat's Register, in accordance with Resolution Conf. 12.10 (Rev. CoP15), and Appendix-I plants artificially propagated for commercial purposes, as well as parts and derivatives thereof, exported under the provisions of Article VII, paragraph 4, of the Convention A Plants that are artificially propagated in accordance with Resolution Conf. 11.11 (Rev. CoP15), as well as parts and derivatives thereof, exported under the provisions of Article VII, paragraph 5 (specimens of species included in Appendix I that have been propagated artificially for non-commercial purposes and specimens of species included in Appendices II and III) C Animals bred in captivity in accordance with Resolution Conf. 10.16 (Rev.), as well as parts and derivatives thereof, exported under the provisions of Article VII, paragraph 5 F Animals born in captivity (F1 or subsequent generations) that do not fulfil the definition of ‘bred in captivity’ in Resolution Conf. 10.16 (Rev.), as well as parts and derivatives thereof U Source unknown (must be justified) I Confiscated or seized specimens (may be used with another code) O Pre-Convention specimens

Purpose of trade Code Description T Commercial Z Zoo G Botanical garden Q Circus or travelling exhibition S Scientific H Hunting trophy P Personal M Medical (including biomedical research) E Educational N Reintroduction or introduction into the wild B Breeding in captivity or artificial propagation L Law enforcement / judicial / forensic