The United Republic of Tanzania
President's Office
Regional Administration and Local Government
Pre-Primary, Primary and Secondary Education Statistics in Brief
2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abbreviations Preface System and Structure of Education and Training Methodology Glossary
Enrolment of Learners in Basic Education Subectors by levels
Enrolment Learners in Basic Education Subectors by Sex
Summary Table of Basic Statistics in Basic Education Subectors
1.0. Pre-Primary Education Table 1.1: Total Enrolment in Government and Non- Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2012- 2016
Chart 1.1: Total Enrolment in Government and Non- Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2009 - 2016 Table 1.2: Enrolment of Pupils by Ownership and Sex, 2016 Chart 1.2 Trend in Enrolment of Non-Tanzanian Pupils by Citizenship and Sex, 2012-2014 and 2016
Table 1.3: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Region and Sex, 2016 Table 1.4: Gross and Net Enrolment Rates (GER and NER) and Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Region and Sex, 2016 Chart 1.3: Net and Gross Enrolment Ratios (%) (NER and GER) for Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, 2010 - 2013 and 2016
Table 1.5: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, by Region, Type of Disability and Sex, 2016 Table 1.6: Number of Orphan Pupils in Government and Non- Government Schools/Streams by Region, Type and Sex 2016 Table 1.7: Number of Vulnerable Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Region, Type of Vulnerability and Sex, 2016
Table 1.8: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Number of Streams in Government and Non- Government Schools/Streams, 2012 – 2016 Table 1.9: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Teachers by Qualification in Government and Non Government Schools/Streams, 2016 Table 1.10: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Teachers by Qualification in Government Schools/Streams, 2016 Table 1.11: Teacher Absenteeism in Government and Non-Government Schools/ Streams by Duration and Sex, 2016 Table 1.12: Teacher Absenteeism in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Reason and Sex, 2016 Table 1.13: Availability of ICT Equipment in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, 2016
Table 1.14: Number of Government and Non- Government Schools/Streams with Electric Power by Source, 2016
2.0. Primary Education Table 2.1: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2012 - 2016 Chart 2.1: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Grade, 2012 - 2016 Chart 2.2: Comparison of Total Enrolment of Pupils in Primary School, 1961 - 2016 Table 2.2: Total Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship, Grade and Sex, 2016 Table 2.3: Trend in Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship and Sex, 2011-2016 Table 2.4: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Age, Sex and Percentage Distribution, 2012-2016 Table 2.5: Enrolment of Pupils with Pre-Primary Education in Std I as Percentage of Total Enrolment of Std I in Government and Non- Government Schools by Age, Sex and Percentage, 2012–2014 and 2016 Table 2.6: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) for Standard I in Government and Non- Government Schools by Age and Sex, 2011–2014 and 2016 Table 2.7: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Region, 2016 Table 2.8: Gross and Net Enrolment Ratio (GER and NER) in Percentage and Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Region, 2016
Table 2.9: Number of Orphans in Government and Non- Government Schools by Grade and Sex, 2016
Chart 2.3: Percentage of Orphan Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools by Grade and Sex, 2016
Table 2.10: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Type of Disability, Grade and Sex, 2016
Chart 2.4: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Type of Disability 2016 Table 2.11: Trend of Number of Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2011-2014 and 2016 Chart 2.5: Trend of Number of Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2011-2014 and 2016 Table 2.12: Trend of Repeaters in Government and Non- Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2012- 2016 Chart 2.6: Trend of Repeaters in Government and Non- Government Schools by Grades, 2011-2016
Table 2.13: Number of Dropout in Government and Non- Government Schools by Reason and Grade, 2015 Table 2.14: Trend in Number of Dropouts in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason and Sex, 2011-2015 Table 2.15: Standard VII Completion Rates in Percentage in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011 – 2014 and 2016
Table 2.16: Summary of Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) Results, 2008-2015
Chart 2.7: Summary of Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) Results, 2008-2015
Table 2.17: Primary Education Leavers in Government and Non-Government Schools and Form 1 Enrolment, 1961-2015
Chart 2.8: Transition Rate from Primary Education to Secondary Education,1961-2015 (Selected Years) Table 2.18: Flow Rates in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2011-2015
Table 2.19: Teaching Staff, Number of Schools and Streams in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2012-2016 Table 2.20: Number of Teachers and Pupil Teacher Ratio (PTR) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Qualification, 2016
Table 2.21: Number of Teachers in Government and Non- Government Schools by Age and Region, 2016
Table 2.22: Number of Pit Latrines, Classrooms and Pupil to Pit latrine/Classroom Ratios in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2016
Table 2.23: Permanent Buildings in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2016 Table 2.24: Number Desks and Pupil Desk Ratio in Government and Non-Government Schools by Region, 2016 Table 2.25: Number of Schools with Electric Power in Government and Non-Government by Source of Power, 2016
Table 2.26: Distance from Schools to Councils Head Quarters by Region, 2016
3.0. Secondary Education
Table 3.1: Enrolment in Government and Non- Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2011- 2016 Chart 3.1: Total Enrolment in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2006-2016 Table 3.2: Total Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship, 2016 Chart 3.2: Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship, 2016 Chart 3.3: Secondary Education Comparative Enrolment Trend, 1973-2016 Table 3.3: Gross and Net Enrolment Ratios for Government and Non-Government Schools Form 1-4, 2012-2016 Table 3.4: Gross (GER) and Net (NER) Enrolment Ratios for Government and Non-Government Schools Form 5&6, 2012-2016
Table 3.5: Gross (GER) and Net (NER) Enrolment Ratios for Government and Non-Government Schools, Form 1-6, 2012-2016 Chart 3.4: Trend in Net Enrolment Ratios (NERs) for Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011- 2016 Chart 3.5: Trend in Gross Enrolment Ratios (GERs) for Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011-2016 Table 3.6: Completion Rates Trend in Government and Non-Gcvernent Schools Form 4 Students by Age and Sex, 2011-2013 and 2016
Table 3.7: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Type of Disability, Grade and Sex, 2016
Table 3.8: Number of Orphan Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools by Level and Sex, 2016 Table 3.9: Number of Vulnerable Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools by Region, Type of Vulnerability, Grade and Sex, 2016
Table 3.10: Number of Dropout in Government and Non- Government Schools by Reason, Grade and Sex, 2015 Chart 3.6: Dropout in Government and Non- Government Schools by Reason, 2016
Chart 3.7: Number of Dropout in Government and Non- Government Schools by Grade and Sex, 2015
Table 3.11: Dropouts in Percentage of Total Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason and Sex, 2015
Table 3.12: Number of Repeaters in Government and Non-Government Schools by Ownership, Grade and Sex, 2016 Chart 3.8: Number of Repeaters in Government and Non-Government Schools by Grade and Sex, 2016 Table 3.13: Trend of Repeaters in Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2011 - 2016
Table 3.14: Trend of Repeaters in Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2011-2013 and 2016 Table 3.15: Summary of Pass Rates in Form 4 Examination (CSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2008-2015 Chart 3.9: Pass Rates Trend for Form 4 Examination (CSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2008-2015
Chart 3.10: Pass Rate Trend for CSEE Candidates Scored Division I - III and Failures in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2005- 2015
Table 3.16: Trend in Transition Rates from Form 4 to Form 5, 2005-2015 Chart 3.11: Trend in Transition Rates from Form 4 to Form 5, 2004/5 - 2014/15
Table 3.17: Summary of Pass Rates for School Candidates in Form 4 Examination (CSEE) by Subject and Sex, 2014-2015 Chart 3.12: Summary of Pass Rates for Government and Non-Government School Candidates in Form 4 Examination (CSEE) by Subject and Sex, 2015 Table 3.18: Summary of Pass Rates in Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2006-2015
Chart 3.13: Pass Rates Summary of Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2006-2015 Table 3.19: Summary of Pass Rate in Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Subject, 2014-2015 Chart 3.14: Summary of Pass Rate in Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Subject, 2014-2015
Table 3.20: Teaching Staff, Number of Schools, Streams and Pupil Teacher Ratio in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2012-2016
Table 3.21: Number of Teachers by Age and Pupil Teacher Ratio (PTR) in Government and Non- Goverment Schools, 2016 Table 3.22: Number of Pit Latrine, Classrooms and Pupil Latrine/Classroom Ratios in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2016
Table 3.23: Number of Government and Non- Government School with of Electric Power by Type of Power, 2016 Table 3.24: Number of Furniture in Government and Non- Government School and Desk Pupil Ratio, 2016 Table 3.25: Number of ICT Equipment Available in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2016
4.0. Adult and Nonformal Education Table 4.1: Number of COBET Learners by Region and Sex, 2016 Table 4.2: Enrolment Trend of COBET Learners by Region and Sex, 2011-2013 and 2016
Chart 4.1: Number of COBET Learners by Sex 2010- 2016 Table 4.3: Learner Facilitator Ratio (LFR) in COBET by Sex, 2016 Table 4.4: Enrolment in ICBAE Functional Literacy by Sex and Type of Programme, 2016 Table 4.5: Enrolment in ICBAE Post Literacy by Sex and Type of Programme, 2016 Table 4.6: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Type of Programme and Sex, 2016
Chart 4.2: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Type of Programme and Sex, 2016
Chart 4.3: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Type of Programme, Age Groups and Sex, 2016 Table 4.7: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Sex, 2010-2013 and 2016 Chart 4.4: Trend of Enrolment in ICBAE by Sex, 2009- 2013 and 2016 Table 4.8: Number of ICBAE Facilitators by Qualification and Sex, 2016 Table 4.9: Number of Learners in Intergrated Post Primary Education (IPPE) Centres by Field of Study and Sex, 2016 Chart 4.5: Number of Learners in Intergrated Post Primary Education Centres by Field of Study and Sex, 2016 Table 4.10: Number of Open and Distant Learning (ODL) Learners by Program, Level of Education and Sex, 2016 Abbreviations
ACSEE = Advanced Certificate of Secondary Education COBET = ComplementaryExamination Basic Education in Tanzania CSEE = Certificate of Secondary Education Examination DR = Dropout Rate EMSM = Elimu ya Mafunzo ya Stadi za Maisha Enrl = Enrolment F = Female GCR = Gross Completion Rate GER = Gross Enrolment Ratio GIR = Gross Intake Ratio Govt = Government GPI = Gender Parity Index ICBAE = Integrated Community Based Adult Education IPPE = Intergrated Post Primary Education KCK = Kisomo Cha Kujiendeleza KCM = Kisomo Chenye Manufaa KKK = Kusoma, Kuandika na Kuhesabu M = Male MDGs = Millennium Development Goals N/A = Not Available/Applicable NCR = Net Completion Rate NER = Net Enrolment Ratio NIR = Net Intake Ratio No = Number Non-Govt = Non-Government ODL = Open and Distance Learning PCR = Pupil Classroom Ratio PhD = Doctor of Philosophy PLR = Pupils Pit Latrine Ratio PQTR = Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio PR = Promotion Rate PSLE = Primary School Leaving Examination RR = Repetition Rate Sem = Seminary Std = Standard SU = Shughuli za Uzalishaji Mali T = Total UST = Ufundi Stadi
% = Percent Preface
The President’s Office-Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG) manages Pre-Primary, Primary and Secondary Education in Tanzania Mainland with the duty of ensuring that all schools are well managed and provide quality education. This requires adequate and equitable of teachers, physical facilities and school materials. To do this we need to have education management information especially up to date education data that will enable us assesses school needs and monitor performance. The data will also enable us and education stakeholders to carry out education planning and research necessary for improving the education system.
In order to have adequate education data, PO-RALG effective from 2013, embarked on annual preparation of statistics booklet containing pre-primary, primary, secondary and adult and non formal education. This will enable us monitor regional and council differentials in performance and inputs and hence take appropriate measures to harmonize and improve them. Most data is collected directly from schools while the rest is obtained from other relevant institutions such as The National Examinations Council of Tanzania, The National Bureau of Statistics and Ministry of Finance.
The booklets have information on student enrolment, teachers, education facilities, examination results, school inspection and education finance. PO-RALG believes these booklets will be useful to all stakeholders who have interest in the development of our education system. PO-RALG acknowledges the stakeholders from Goverment Institutions, Private Sectors and Development Partners for their contributions made for this publication. The special acknowledgement is given to Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MOEST), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Tanzania Education Authority (TEA) and UNESCO for their assistance and cooperation.
For further improvement of this booklet, the PO-RALG welcomes views from our data users and all education stakeholders so as to further enrich this publication. This publication can also be obtained from the ministry’s website http://www.tamisemi.go.tz/BEMIS DATA.
Eng. Mussa I. Iyombe Permanent Secretary President's Office - Regional Administartion and Local Government Dodoma, Tanzania December, 2016 System and Structure of Education and Training
The Education and Training Policy of 1995 stipulated the structure of the formal education and training system in Tanzania as 2 – 7 – 4 – 2 - 3+, that is; 2 years of pre-primary education (year 1 and 2); 7 years of primary education (Standard I-VII); 4 years of secondary ordinary level education (Form 1- 4); 2 years of secondary advanced level education (Form 5 and 6) and 3 or more years of higher education.
However, according to the Education and Training Policy of 2014 the structure of the formal education and training system in Tanzania is 1 – 10 – 2 - 3+, that is; 1 years of compulsory pre-primary education; 10 years of compulsory Basic education (6 years Standard I-VI and 4 years of lower secondary); 2 years of secondary advanced level education (Form 5 and 6) and 3 or more years of higher education. The official school attending age is 5 year for pre-primary, 6 – 15 years for basic education, 16-17 years for upper secondary and 18 – 21 years for higher education. Methodology Data presented in this publication is that of education levels and categories under the jurisdiction of PO-RALG. These include pre-primary, primary, secondary, adult and non-formal education. Education data is collected through annual census of education institutions using questionnaires designed specifically for the purpose. Data on Pre-Primary, Primary, Secondary and Adult &Non formal education are collected through questionnaires sent to schools/centres to be filled from school/centre records and returned to councils for data entry and processing. Data on Population is obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) while that on examinations is obtained from the National Examination Council of Tanzania (NECTA).
In order to meet publication deadline, specific reference dates have been set. The reference date for data collection in Pre-Primary, Primary, Adult and Non- Formal and Secondary is 31st March of every year. Glossary 1 Completion Rate (CR) Number of pupils/students enrolled in a final grade of a given level of education expressed as percentage of school-age population of that grade. 2 Dropout Rate (DR) Proportion of pupils/students enrolled in a given grade in given school year who are no longer enrolled in the following school year. 3 Gender Parity Index (GPI) Ratio of females to males, that is the number of females divided by males. 4 Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) Total number of pupils/students enrolled in a given level of education expressed as a percentage of the corresponding school-age population. 5 Gross Intake Rate (GIR) Total number of new entrants in the first grade of pre-primary or primary education expressed as a percentage of the official school-entrance age population. 6 Net Enrolment Ratio (NER) School age pupils/students enrolled in a given level of education expressed as a percentage of corresponding school- age population. 7 Net Intaket Ratio (NIR) Percentage of pupils/students enrolled in a first grade of a given level of education who reach final grade of that level.
8 Pass Rate (PR) Number of pupils/students who passed an exam expressed as percentage of total candidates who sat for the examination.
9 Percentage of Female Students Number of female pupils/students expressed as percentage of total number of pupils/students. 10 Percentage of New Entrants into Primary Schools with Pre- Primary Education New entrants into primary schools who have attended pre- primary education expressed as percentage of all new entrants. New entrants in the first grade of pre-primary or primary education who are of official school-entrance age expressed as a percentage of the official school entrance age population.
11 Promotion Rate (PR) Proportion of pupils enrolled in a given grade in a given school year who are in the following grade in the next school year.
12 Pupil/Student Book Ratio (PBR) Average number of pupils/students per book. 13 Pupil/Student Qualified Teacher Ratio (PQTR) Average number of pupils/students per qualified teacher in a given level of education. 14 Pupil/Student Teacher Ratio (PTR) Average number of pupils/students per teacher in a given level of education. 15 Repetition Rate (RR) Proportion of pupils enrolled in a given grade in a given school year who are in the same grade in the following school year.
16 Share of Government Budget on Education Sub-Sectors as Percentage of Total Government Budget on Education Sector Budget of education sub-sectors expressed as percentage of total government budget in the education sector.
17 Teacher Attrition Rate Proportion of teachers who leave the teaching career in a given year. 18 Transition Rate (TR) Number of pupils/students admitted to the first grade of a higher level of education in a given year expressed as a percentage of the number of pupils/students enrolled in the final grade of the lower level of education in the previous year. Enrolment of Learners in Basic Education Sector by Level, 2016
Secondary Ed. (A- Adult and Non- Level) Formal Ed. 1% 4%
Secondary Ed. (O- Pre-Primary Ed. Level) 13% 13%
Primary Ed. 69% Enrolment of Learners in Basic Education Sector by Level and Sex, 2016
4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
- Pre-primary Ed. Primary Ed. (Std I- Secondary Ed. Secondary Ed. Secondary Ed. Adult & Non (Year 1) VII) (FORM 1 - 4) (FORM 5 - 6) (FORM 1 - 6) Formal Ed. Male Female Summary Table of Basic Statistics in Basic Education Subsectors, 2016
Level of Enrolment Teaching Staff No. of Ownership Schools/ Education Male Female Total Male Female Total Streams Govt 750116 738323 1488439 4030 6964 10994 15802 Pre- Non-Govt 37627 36704 74331 610 3354 3964 1055 Primary Total 787743 775027 1562770 4640 10318 14958 16857 Govt 4115635 4225976 8341611 92096 99676 191772 16087 Primary Non-Govt 150079 147512 297591 8648 6409 15057 1078 Total 4265714 4373488 8639202 100744 106085 206829 17165 Govt 741603 727986 1469589 55446 34108 89554 3601 Secondary Non-Govt 164293 173073 337366 15277 3765 19042 1172 (FORM 1-6) Total 905896 901059 1806955 70723 37873 108596 4773 Govt 683293 693756 1377049 3566 Secondary Non-Govt 141474 157070 298544 1145 (FORM 1-4) Total 824767 850826 1675593 4711
Govt 58310 34230 92540 283 Secondary Non-Govt 22819 16003 38822 298 (FORM 5-6) Total 81129 50233 131362 581 Summary Table of Basic Statistics in Basic Education Subsectors, 2016
Level of Enrolment Teaching Staff No. of Ownership Schools/ Education Male Female Total Male Female Total Streams
Govt 45965 36055 82020 1599 977 2576 2344 ANFE- Non-Govt 178 141 319 11 10 21 8 COBET Total 46143 36196 82339 1610 987 2597 2352 Govt 178630 207830 386460 6254 3798 10052 3403 ANFE- Non-Govt 530 603 1133 31 17 48 20 ICBAE Total 179160 208433 387593 6285 3815 10100 3423 Govt 8934 5624 14558 166 ANFE-IPPE Non-Govt 46 25 71 5 Total 8980 5649 14629 171 Govt 2081 2850 4931 887 367 1254 77 ANFE-ODL Non-Govt 240 268 508 73 29 102 10 Total 2321 3118 5439 960 396 1356 87 1.0 PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION
Pre-Primary Education is a formal school system for children aged 5 years. Pre- Primary Education cycle lasts for 1 years with no examinations for promotion purpose. Pre-Primary Education Table 1.1: Total Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2012-2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Level of Aggregation F Total F Total F Total F Total F Total % Increase
Total Enrolment
Govt & Non-Govt 504304 1034729 513668 1026466 523523 1046369 534788 1069823 775027 1562770 46.1
Govt (Year I-II) 480125 985060 485963 969683 497224 992356 507411 1015030 738323 1488439 46.6
Non-Govt (Year I-II) 24179 49669 27705 56783 26299 54013 27377 54793 36704 74331 35.7
Total Year I 303672 633872 298074 595064 323591 639080 534788 1069823 775027 1562770 46.1
Govt 290574 606581 282938 564277 309886 610812 507411 1015030 738323 1488439 46.6 Non-Govt 13098 27291 15136 30787 13705 28268 27377 54793 36704 74331 35.7 Total Year II 200632 400857 215594 431402 199932 407289 Government 189551 378479 203025 405406 187338 381544 Non-Government 11081 22378 12569 25996 12594 25745 Note: Total Enrolment in Pre-Primary Education has increased by 46.1% from 1,069,823 in 2015 to 1,562,770 in 2016. The increase is a result of community sensitization as well as a prevailing strong partnership of the government and parents, faith-based organizations (FBOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) in providing Pre-Primary Education. Pre-Primary Education Chart 1.1: Total Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2009 - 2016
1,600,000
1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000 Number of Pupils of Number
200,000
- Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Male 445,867 461,628 538,478 530,425 512,798 522,846 535,035 787,743 Female 450,279 463,837 530,730 504,304 513,668 523,523 534,788 775,027 Total 896,146 925,465 1,069,208 1,034,729 1,026,466 1,046,369 1,069,823 1,562,770 = Pre-Primary Education
Table 1.2: Enrolment of Pupils by Ownership and Sex, 2016
Ownership Government Non-Government Grand Total
Sex F T F T M F T Total 738323 1488439 36704 74331 787743 775027 1562770 Enrolment
% of Total 95.3 95.2 4.7 4.8 100.0 Pre-Primary Education Chart 1.2: Trend in Enrolment of Non-Tanzanian Pupils by Citizenship and Sex, 2012-2014 and 2016
4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2012 2013 2014 2016 Male 1608 2232 2218 280 Female 1611 2242 2237 275 Total 3219 4474 4455 555 NOTE: The enrolment of non-Tanzanian pupil has decreased from 4455 pupils in year 2014 to 555 pupils in year 2016. This is due to newly naturalized Tanzanians (formerly Burundian Refugees). Pre-Primary Education
Table 1.3: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2016
Population 5 Year- Total Enrolment Enrolment of 5 Year- GIR (%) NIR (%) Olds Year 1 Olds in Year 1 F T F T F T M F MF M F MF
751811 1522519 775027 1562770 354429 710556 102.2 103.1 102.6 46.2 47.1 46.7
Source: National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) - Projected Population for Pupils Age 5 years Note: The GIR of 102.6% show the high capacity to absorb the Under and Over school age in Pre-Primary Education. Pre-Primary Education
Table 1.4: Gross and Net Enrolment Rates (GER and NER) and Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2016
Population 5 Year- Total Enrolment Year Enrolment of 5 Year- GER (%) NER (%) GPI Olds 1 Olds in Year 1 M T M T M T M F MF M F MF 770708 1522519 787743 1562770 356127 695066 102.2 103.1 102.6 46.2 47.1 46.7 1.0
Source: Projected Population from National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) Pre-Primary Education
Chart 1.3: Net and Gross Enrolment Ratios (%) (NER and GER) for Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, 2010-2013 and 2016
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0 NER & GER & NER
20.0
0.0 39.5 44.5 41.8 37.3 102.6 37.5 42.4 39.9 35.5 46.7 Population 5-6 2,344,242 2,402,848 2,472,530 2,755,525 1522519 Total Enrolment 925,465 1,069,208 1,034,729 1,026,466 1562770 Enrolment 5-6 880,207 1,018,895 986,945 977,533 710556 Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2016 NER 37.5 42.4 39.9 35.5 46.7 GER 39.5 44.5 41.8 37.3 102.6 Note: In 2016, GER has increased more than double as compared to previous years. This is due the change of Pre-Primary education system from two years (Age 5 & 6) to one year (Age 5) hence using one year population as a base. Pre-Primary Education
Table 1.5: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, by Type of Disability and Sex, 2016 Type of Mentally Albino Autism Deaf/Mute Deaf Blind Disability Impaired Sex F T F T F T F T F T Number of 158 405 40 115 163 379 120 267 492 1202 Pupils
Type of Physical Visually GRAND Multi Impaired Poor Vision Disability Impaired Impaired TOTAL Sex F T F T F T F T F T Number of 30 86 385 1039 134 347 147 331 1669 4171 Pupils Pre-Primary Education Table 1.6: Number of Orphan Pupils in Government and Non- Government Schools/Streams by Type and Sex 2016
Type of Death of Both Parents Death of One Parent Grand Total Orphan M F T M F T M F T Number of Pupils 19663 20406 40069 44310 41162 85472 63973 61568 125541 % of 31.9 68.1 100.0 TotalNote: The total enrolled orphans pupils in Pre-primary education are 125,541 of which 68.1% are those with one parent while 31.9% are those without both parents. Further, the enrolled orphans is 8.0% of total pupils enrolled (1,562,770) in 2016. Pre-Primary Education Table 1.7: Number of Vulnerable Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams by Type of Vulnerability and Sex, 2016 Pupils living Pupils using Sick Pupils for Pupils from Family near/passing marine more than 3 Others Grand Total with poor income through wild transport Months
Type of of Type animals areas Vulnerability M T M T M T M T M T M F T
58373 117362 4677 8795 933 1541 11954 23786 2706 5048 78643 77889 156532
Total Grand Grand
75.0 5.6 1.0 15.2 3.2 100.0
% of Total Total of % Vulnerable Note: Most vulnerable pupils are from family with poor income 117,362 (75.0%) while pupils using marine transport 1,541 (1.0%) recorded few vulnerable pupils. A part from the introduction of compulsory and free basic education, the Government support to education is needed especially to family with lower income Pre-Primary Education Table 1.8: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Number of Streams in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, 2012 – 2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ITEM F T F T F T F T F T Total 504304 1034729 513668 1026466 523523 1046369 534788 1069823 775027 1562770 Enrolment Govt 480125 985060 485963 969683 497224 992356 507411 1015030 738323 1488439 Non-Govt 24179 49669 27705 56783 26299 54013 27377 54793 36704 74331 Govt 4554 8768 6501 9900 7236 11028 7174 10964 6964 10994 All Teachers Non-Govt 388 584 2127 2477 2188 2572 2146 2560 3354 3964 Total 4942 9352 8628 12377 9424 13600 9320 13524 10318 14958 Teachers with Govt 1200 1456 3205 4861 1954 2566 2688 4029 Pre-School Non-Govt 1464 1639 1401 1644 2050 2357 2964 3470 Certificate Total 2664 3095 4606 6505 4004 4923 5652 7499 Pre-Primary Education Table 1.8: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Number of Streams in Government and Non-Government Schools/Streams, 2012 – 2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ITEM F T F T F T F T F T
Gross Enrolment Ratio 40.9 41.8 37.5 37.3 36.9 35.9 103.1 102.6 Enrolment Net Enrolment Ratio 38.8 39.9 35.7 35.5 33.4 33.3 47.1 46.7 Govt 112 98 90 93 135 Pupils Non-Govt Teacher Ratio 85 23 21 21 19 Total 111 83 77 79 104 Govt 34628 35557 13159 15802 Total No. of Non-Govt Streams 2158 3480 736 1055 Total 36786 39037 13895 16857 Govt 7,920 4861 5128 8789 Qualified Non-Govt Teachers 434 1644 1522 3131 Total 8354 6505 6650 6538 11920 Govt 124 199 194 169 Pupil/ Qualified Teacher Ratio Non-Govt 114 35 35 24 Total 124 158 157 131 Note: In 2016, a total of 11,920 teachers out of 14,598 (79.7%) are Qualified Teachers giving a PQTR of 1:131 against the standard norm of 1:25. The situation is worse in government streams where PQTR is 1:169 compared to 1:24 for Non- Government Schools. % of Total % of Total Teachers TeachersTotal Number of of Number Table 1.9: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Teachers by Qualification in Government and Non Government Non Governmentand Teacher in Teachers Ratio and Qualified Qualification by 1.9:Pupil Table Note 1: Teachers qualification 2: Others includeOthers Fourand Form leavers Six who have notattended anyTeacher training course. 1:131 of (PQTR) against the standard norm1:25.of Schools/streamsare Qualified Teachersthis levelfor education of giving aPupil Qualified TeacherRatio In 2016,a 11,920 total teachers of which 79.7% is 14,958 of teachersin Governmentand Non-Government 1562770
Enrolment 0.2 28 PHD 0.0 4 MASTERS 0.1 10 PGDE Pre-Primary Education 101 0.7 BACHELOR Schools/Streams,2016 852 5.7 DIPLOMA 9835 65.8 GRADE A 1090 7.3 GRADE B/C 3038 20.3 OTHERS 14958 100.0 ALL TEACHERS 11920 79.7 QUALIFIED TEACHRS PTR 104 PQTR 131 Note 1: % ofTotal Teachers Number of Teachers Table 1.10: Pupil Qualified Teacher Ratio and Teachers by Qualification in Government Teacherin Teachers Ratio and Qualified Qualification by 1.10:Table Pupil Teachers qualification 2: course. includeOthers Fourand Form leavers Six who have notattended anyTeacher training 1:169 of (PQTR) against the standard norm1:25.of are Qualified TeachersPreprimaryfor education giving aPupil Qualified to TeacherRatio In 2016,a 8,789 total teacherswhich 79.9% is 10,994 of teachersin Governmentstreams 1488439
Enrolment 0.1 14 PHD 0.0 1 MASTERS 0.0 4 PGDE Pre-Primary Education Schools/Streams,2016 0.5 57 BACHELOR 2.3 255 DIPLOMA 73.4 8067 GRADE A 3.6 391 GRADE B/C 20.1 2205 OTHERS 100.0 10994 TEACHERS 8789 79.9 QUALIFIED TEACHRS 135 PTR PQTR 169 Table 1.11: Teacher Absenteeism in Government and Non-Government Non-Government and Government in Absenteeism Teacher 1.11: Table Number of Sex Duration of Teachers Absence < 1Month F 9 Schools/ Streams by Duration and Sex, 2016 Sex, and Duration Streamsby Schools/ 19 T > 6Months 84 F Pre-Primary Education 182 T 73 F Months 1 3 - 87 T 15 F Months 4 6 - 26 T 133 M Grand Total 181 F 314 T Table 1.12:Table Teacher AbsenteeismSchools/Streams Non-Government Governmentand in by Sex
Note: Number of Duration of Teachers Absence and 33% respectively. and 36% 42%,with of Kigoma and Salaam Dar es Mwanza, are absenteeism teacher for regions leading The (68.8%). studies isattending schools/streams Pre-primary in absenteeism teachers’ for reason main The 7 F
10 Illiness T 6 F Leave without 13 T pay 48 F Maternity 59 Reason, Duration and Sex, 2016 Sex,Reason, and Duration T
leave Pre-Primary Education 2 F Secondment 2 T 112 F
216 Studies T 0 F Suspended 0 T 5 F Taking care Ill 9 T parents/relatives 1 F Truancy 5 T 133 M 181
F GRAND TOTAL 314 T Numberof Streams Schools/ Table 1.13: Availability of ICT Equipment in Government and Non- and Government in Equipment ICT of Availability 1.13: Table Type of ICT Equipment 5579 Desktop
Computers 2016 Schools/Streams, Government Pre-Primary Education 1421 Laptop Computers 717 Photocopier 279 Projector 963 Radio
634 Smart Phone/Tablets 762 TV Pre-Primary Education Table 1.14: Number of Government and Non-Government
Schools/Streams with Electric Power by Source, 2016
Wind
Solar
Other
Biogas
Generator
Source of
Electricity National National Grid
3670 16 329 1013 5 2637
Streams
Schools/ Numberof 2.0 PRIMARY EDUCATION
According to the Education and Training Policy 2014 (ETP 2014), Primary Education is a six years education cycle after one year of Pre-Primary Education. It is universal, compulsory and free to all children aged 6 to 12 years old.
The Primary School cycle begins with standard one (STD I), on entry, and ends with standard six (STD VI) in the final year of the cycle.
Currently, Primary Education Subsector has been administered by implementing both ETPs (1995 and 2014) during the transition period to fully adaption of ETP (2014). The ETP (1995) was a seven years education cycle after Pre-Primary. It was also universal and compulsory to all children aged 7 to 13 years old. Primary Education Table 2.1: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2012 - 2016 a) Total 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 % Increase Enrolment F T F T F T F T F T (2014 - 2016) Std I-VII 4160892 8247172 4165626 8231913 4175085 8222667 4218377 8298282 4373488 8639202 5.1 Govt 4049246 8019748 4068354 8033926 4061545 7994675 4225976 8341611 4.3 Non-Govt 111646 227424 97272 197987 113540 227992 147512 297591 30.5 b) Enrolment Grades Std I 698677 1404998 712407 1430231 746939 1503104 776089 1568378 1037539 2120667 41.1 Govt 679176 1364420 696045 1396634 727727 1464376 1012969 2070823 41.4 Non-Govt 19501 40578 16362 33597 19212 38728 24570 49844 28.7 Std II 663389 1377982 673059 1347898 687369 1374293 701306 1411583 673115 1359223 -1.1 Govt 645550 1295975 657303 1315931 669058 1337394 648439 1309432 -2.1 Non-Govt 17839 37007 15756 31967 18311 36899 24676 49791 34.9 Std III 619892 1239916 641224 1280308 633229 1256032 646045 1285192 632820 1257944 0.2 Govt 602696 1204603 626189 1249284 615345 1220270 609705 1211348 -0.7 Non-Govt 17196 35313 15035 31024 17884 35762 23115 46596 30.3 Primary Education Table 2.1: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2012 - 2016 a) Total 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 % Increase Enrolment F T F T F T F T F T (2014 - 2016) StdStd I-VII IV 602727 1195159 603846 1194112 608579 1198382 583541 1133652 544499 1060192 -11.5 Govt 586363 1162210 589652 1165244 591930 1164964 522504 1015722 -12.8 Non-Govt 16364 32949 14194 28868 16649 33418 21995 44470 33.1 Std V 551026 1081838 534016 1043201 534640 1042437 543851 1056365 531120 1026611 -1.5 Govt 535765 1051122 520298 1015675 519245 1011231 511026 986434 -2.5 Non-Govt 15261 30716 13718 27526 15395 31206 20094 40177 28.7 Std VI 550939 1082844 538136 1050414 520152 1008668 533983 1028328 529473 1014671 0.6 Govt 536747 1054472 525831 1025816 505993 980486 511524 978581 -0.2 Non-Govt 14192 28372 12305 24598 14159 28182 17949 36090 28.1 Std VII 474242 909435 462938 885749 444177 839751 433562 814784 424922 799894 -4.7 Govt 462949 886946 453036 865342 432247 815954 409809 769271 -5.7 Non-Govt 11293 22489 9902 20407 11930 23797 15113 30623 28.7 Note: Total enrolment has increased by 5.1% from 8,222,667 pupils in year 2014 to 8,639,202 pupils in year 2016. This has been contributed by an increase of Standard I pupils enrolment as a result of fee free education policy. Also, presence of strong partnership between government and parents, faith-based organizations (FBOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) in provision of Primary Education. Primary Education Chart 2.1: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2012 - 2016
8,700,000
8,600,000
8,500,000
8,400,000
8,300,000
8,200,000
8,100,000
8,000,000 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Primary Education Chart 2.2: Comparison of Total Enrolment of Pupils in Primary School, 1961 - 2016
486470 1962 518663 592104 1964 633678 710200 1966 740991 753114 1968 754170 776109 1970 827984 902619 1972 1003596 1106387 1974 1228886 1532953 1976 1874357 2194213 1978 2912984 3197395 1980 3361198 2004 3530622 1982 3503729 2003 3553144 2002 1984 3483944 3160145 2001 1986 3155812 2000 3157200 1988 3165113 1999 3252934 1998 1990 3373362 3507384 1997 1992 3599580 1996 3732943 1994 3793201 1995 3872473 1994 1996 3937204 4051713 1993 1998 4035209 1992 4182677 1991 2000 4370500 4875764 1990 2002 5960368 1989 6531769 2004 7041829 1988 7476650 1987 2006 7959884 8316925 1986 2008 8410094 1985 8441553 2010 8419305 1984 8363386 1983 2012 8292172 8231913 1982 2014 8222667 1981 8245382 2016 8639202 1980 1979 0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000 7000000 8000000 9000000 Total Enrolment 1978 1977 Primary Education
Table 2.2: Total Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship, Grade and Sex, 2016
Std I Std II Std III Std IV Std V Std VII Std VII Grand Total Country F T F T F T F T F T F T F T M F T Burundi 153 294 82 159 78 170 67 129 303 619 132 310 77 180 969 892 1861 Kenya 11 20 5 15 7 14 7 14 114 230 23 43 6 8 171 173 344 Outside 58 110 47 104 55 105 40 81 42 90 55 92 37 70 318 334 652 Africa Rest of 4 10 3 11 9 15 4 11 8 16 4 7 3 4 39 35 74 Africa Rwanda 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 2 5 0 0 7 4 11 SADC 6 10 13 21 13 23 13 22 14 31 18 25 0 1 56 77 133 Countries Uganda 0 0 3 5 0 1 1 7 3 6 1 2 5 8 16 13 29 Grand Total 233 446 153 315 162 329 133 267 484 992 235 484 128 271 1576 1528 3104 Primary Education
Table 2.3: Trend in Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship and Sex, 2011-2016
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Country F T F T F T F T T F T Burundi 16914 33255 16663 34556 16979 33848 1861 2830 18840 892 1861 Kenya 24 39 22 53 34 79 344 515 68 173 344 Rwanda 2 2 0 3 1 3 652 970 181 4 11 SADC Countries 3 9 4 7 3 7 74 113 24 77 133
Uganda 24 39 252 534 34 68 11 18 6 13 29 Rest of Africa 152 294 36 77 48 90 133 189 39 35 74
Outside Africa 112 204 176 285 207 362 29 45 183 334 652
Grand Total 17231 33842 17153 35515 17306 34457 3104 4680 19341 1528 3104 Note: The enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils in Primary Education has been decreasing from 34,457 in 2013 to 3104 in 2016. This is due to Political stability in the respective countries specifically Burundi and newly naturalized Tanzanians (formerly Burundian Refugees). Primary Education Table 2.4: Standard I-VII Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Age, Sex and Percentage Distribution, 2012-2016
Age in 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Years F T F T F T F T F T % of F <6 11804 22049 53.5 6 178080 336883 52.9 <7 78036 136266 75371 110447 38936 62405 56096 94613 189884 358932 52.9 7 502649 997183 547629 1085229 578504 1144892 575671 1142027 619823 1241450 49.9 8 615360 1231872 613909 1240444 657791 1316258 672761 1348780 674889 1357596 49.7 9 593623 1188861 615817 1237879 630337 1255284 648769 1290106 642348 1288356 49.9 10 608264 1208357 587816 1162272 608555 1202721 597586 1182393 587055 1160357 50.6 11 557676 1112224 532771 1050199 557477 1090845 559926 1089528 548116 1066849 51.4 12 544911 1075479 516883 1008222 531901 1034352 537222 1040473 528726 1017725 52.0 13 456525 893070 454297 890793 442992 849735 437800 834855 428610 824587 52.0 7 to 13 3879008 7707046 3869122 7675038 4046493 7956492 4029735 7928162 4029567 7956920 50.6 >13 203848 403860 221133 446428 128592 266175 132546 275507 154037 323350 47.6 Grand 4160892 8247172 4165626 8231913 4175085 8222667 4218377 8298282 4373488 8639202 50.6 Total
% of 7-13 Years 93.5 93.2 96.8 95.5 92.1
Note: In year 2016, about 92.1% of pupils enrolled complied with the official school ages of 7-13 years as stipulated in ETP (1995). Primary Education
Table 2.5: Enrolment of Pupils with Pre-Primary Education in Std I as Percentage of Total Enrolment of Std I in Government and Non-Government Schools by Age, Sex and Percentage, 2012-2014 and 2016
2012 2013 2014 2016 Age in Years F T F T F T F T % of F <6 11713 21902 53.5 6 174621 331007 52.8 <7 77518 135372 60524 91111 37860 60654 7 474469 952971 504583 1014397 546429 1092480 558604 1133143 49.3 8 112828 240273 111958 244019 125127 265080 193982 411540 47.1 9 26289 58313 27790 62841 28684 64359 66341 147526 45.0 10 6731 15945 6567 15461 7618 17544 25972 60535 42.9 11 634 1591 766 1818 912 2075 3839 9091 42.2 12 164 422 95 296 183 419 1438 3562 40.4 13 41 97 98 228 63 233 717 1677 42.8 >13 3 14 26 60 63 260 312 684 45.6 Grand Total 698677 1404998 712407 1430231 746939 1503104 1037539 2120667 48.9
New Entrants with Pre- Primary Ed. 474242 909435 473674 848773 424564 851224 573695 1161247
% of New Entrants with Pre-Primary Ed. 67.9 64.7 66.5 59.3 56.8 56.6 55.3 54.8 Note: About 54.8% of new entrants enrolled in STD I in 2016 had Pre-primary Education. However, according to ETP (2014) pupils aged 5-6 year-olds should have Pre-Primary Education before they are admitted to STD I. This implies that sensitization on importance of Pre-primary education as the base for Primary education is required. Enrolment capacity of Pre-primary schools/streams also need to be enhanced. Primary Education Table 2.6: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) for Standard I in Government and Non-Government Schools by Age and Sex, 2011-2014 and 2016 Age in 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 Years M T M T M T M T M F T <6 9836 11582 21418 6 156631 175577 332208 <7 89211 202599 57854 135372 30587 91111 22794 60654 7 443695 873141 478502 952971 509814 1014397 546051 1092480 538976 524717 1063693 8 124589 236955 127445 240273 132061 244019 139953 265080 175300 156318 331618 9 31752 57381 32024 58313 35051 62841 35675 64359 69228 56449 125677 10 9187 16373 9214 15945 8894 15461 9926 17544 27959 20709 48668 11 849 1456 957 1591 1052 1818 1163 2075 5252 3839 9091 12 150 243 258 422 201 296 236 419 2121 1436 3557 13 22 29 56 97 130 228 170 233 960 717 1677 >13 28 39 11 14 34 60 197 260 372 312 684 Grand Total 699483 1388216 706321 1404998 717824 1430231 756165 1503104 986635 951656 1938291 Primary Education Table 2.6: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) for Standard I in Government and Non-Government Schools by Age and Sex, 2011-2014 and 2016 Age in 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 Years M T M T M T M T M F T % of <7 Year- Olds 12.8 14.6 8.2 9.6 4.3 6.4 3.0 4.0 16.9 19.7 17.0 % of 7 Year- Olds 63.4 62.9 67.7 67.8 71.0 70.9 72.2 72.7 54.6 55.1 51.8
Population 7 Year-Olds 642502 1273546 661135 1310479 702056 1391468 721537 1430063 757816 744397 1502213
GIR (7 108.9 109.0 106.8 107.2 102.2 102.8 104.8 105.1 130.2 127.8 129.0 Years) NIR (7 69.1 68.6 72.4 72.7 72.6 72.9 75.7 76.4 71.1 70.5 70.8 Years) Source: Nationa Bureau of Statistics - Projected Population Data of pupils with 7 years Note: The proportion of Std I enrolment with age below 7 years was decreased to 4.0% in 2014 from 14.6% in 2011. This was due to increasingly parental awareness and implementation of government directives of the entrants age to Std I of 6 years as per ETP (2014). Through an implementation of new ETP (2014), the new entrants age to Std 1 of age below 7 years has increased the proportion from 4.0% in 2014 to 17.0% in 2016. Primary Education Table 2.7: Gross and Net Intake Rates (GIR and NIR) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2016
New Entrants Std 1 (7 Population 7 Year - Olds New Entrants Std I Years) GIR (%) NIR (%)
F T F T F T F MF F MF
Number of 744397 1502213 951656 1938291 542063 1098732 127.8 129.0 70.5 70.8 Pupils
Source: National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) - Projected Population Data 7 year-olds. Primary Education Table 2.8: Gross and Net Enrolment Ratio (GER and NER) in Percentage and Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Government and Non- Government Schools by Sex, 2016
Category/ Population (7- 13) Total Enrolment (Std I-VII) Total Enrolment of (7-13) GER (%) NER (%) GPI Sex M T M T M T M MF M MF
Number of 4615240 9270124 4265714 8639202 3927353 7956920 92.1 93.2 84.8 85.8 1.0 Pupils
Source: National Bureau of Statistics - Population Data of Pupils Aged 7-13 Years. Note: While Sustainable Development Goals-4 call for not leaving any one behind regarding education provision, there is 14.2% or 1,313,204 pupils of school age population (7-13) who are not at school. More sensitization to community to enrol pupils to schools is needed. Apart from providing free and compulsory basic education, some interventions such as providing school meals need to be introduced so as to attract more pupils to schools especially from poor families. Primary Education Table 2.9: Number of Orphans in Government and Non-Government Schools by Grade and Sex, 2016 Death of Single Death of Both Enrolment Std I-VII GRAND TOTAL Grade Parent Orphans Parents Orphans F T F T F T M F T Std I 1037539 2120667 43173 90526 14097 28077 61333 57270 118603 Std II 673115 1359223 37508 77824 12136 24033 52213 49644 101857 Std III 632820 1257944 39206 79892 11986 23552 52252 51192 103444 Std IV 544499 1060192 39716 78745 11609 22508 49928 51325 101253 Std V 531120 1026611 39899 78957 11852 22701 49907 51751 101658 Std VI 529473 1014671 42238 82272 11980 23106 51160 54218 105378 Std VII 424922 799894 40364 77746 11302 21586 47666 51666 99332 Total 4373488 8639202 282104 565962 84969 165574 364463 367073 731536 Primary Education Chart 2.3: Percentage of Orphan Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools by Grade, 2016
10.0 9.0
8.0
7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0
3.0 Percentages 2.0 1.0 0.0 Grades Std I Std II Std III Std IV Std V Std VI Std VII Averag e Single Parent 4.3 5.7 6.4 7.4 7.7 8.1 9.7 6.6 Orphans (No Parents) 1.3 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.7 1.9 Note: About 6.6% of primary school pupils are orphans of single parent while 1.9% of are orphans of both parents. Primary Education Table 2.10: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Type of Disability, Grade and Sex, 2016 Total Albino Autism Deaf Blind Deaf/Mute Mentally Impaired Grade Enrolment (Std I-VII) F T F T F T F T F T Std I 2120667 255 489 195 502 832 1792 51 115 1814 4312 Std II 1359223 151 290 57 132 430 939 31 82 668 1661 Std III 1257944 154 287 44 117 491 1055 32 70 511 1194 Std IV 1060192 116 210 43 96 298 638 26 62 233 553 Std V 1026611 87 206 26 65 377 824 26 68 204 475 Std VI 1014671 105 212 21 56 286 630 27 71 200 429 Std VII 799894 81 176 15 35 204 442 24 44 125 282 Grand Total 8639202 949 1870 401 1003 2918 6320 217 512 3755 8906
% of Total 2.6 5.0 1.1 2.7 7.9 17.1 0.6 1.4 10.1 24.0 Table 2.10: Number of Pupils with Disabilities Cont 'd… Physically Multi Impaired Poor Vision Visually Impaired Grand Total GRADE Impaired F T F T F T F T M F T Std I 109 295 1003 2594 243 549 295 624 6475 4797 11272 Std II 31 71 636 1620 173 400 153 351 3216 2330 5546 Std III 21 71 676 1739 182 440 126 296 3032 2237 5269 Std IV 23 55 636 1538 283 633 100 210 2237 1758 3995 Std V 22 49 640 1585 220 519 109 263 2343 1711 4054 Std VI 22 47 643 1563 266 560 118 244 2124 1688 3812 Std VII 19 47 484 1200 331 666 79 194 1724 1362 3086 Grand Total 247 635 4718 11839 1698 3767 980 2182 21151 15883 37034 % of Total 0.7 1.7 12.7 32.0 4.6 10.2 2.6 5.9 57.1 42.9 100.0 Note: The percentage of pupils with disabilities to total primary school enrolment of is 0.43 in year 2016. This also is 0.40 of total school population age 7-13 (9,241,970). Primary Education Chart 2.4: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non- Government Schools by Type of Disability, 2016
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000 Number of Disabilitiesof Number
1000
Type of 0 Disability Albino Autism Deaf Blind Deaf/Mute Mentally Multi Physically Poor Visually Impaired Impaired Impaired Vision Impaired Male 921 602 3402 295 5151 388 7121 2069 1202 Female 949 401 2918 217 3755 247 4718 1698 980 Primary Education Table 2.11: Trend of Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non- Government Schools by Sex, 2011-2014 and 2016 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016
M F T M F T M F T M F T M F T
17363 13070 30433 16216 11979 28195 30433 28195 31488 13929 10612 24541 21151 15883 37034 Primary Education Chart 2.5: Trend of Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non- Government Schools by Sex, 2011-2014 and 2016
40000
35000
30000 25000 20000 15000
10000 No. ofDisabilities No. 5000 YEARS 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 Male 17363 16216 16644 13929 21151 Female 13070 11979 14844 10612 15883 Total 30433 28195 31488 24541 37034 Primary Education Table 2.12: Trend of Repeaters in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2012-2016 YEARS 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 GRADE F Total F Total F Total F Total M F Total Std I 2480 5207 5351 12021 58414 123125 65474 141585 90366 79868 170234 Std II 3734 7760 4667 9857 44038 93790 45698 97102 52870 46612 99482 Std III 4717 9917 6006 13578 28841 60132 31625 66424 34222 31137 65359 Std IV 5311 11791 4701 10923 37590 76245 31842 67383 18573 17820 36393 Std V 4450 10059 1018 2233 2785 5701 2928 6011 3436 3149 6585 Std VI 5667 12976 1234 3060 3670 7480 4609 25668 5559 5587 11146 Std VII 5078 11305 2666 3630 169 332 335 723 320 321 641 Grand Total 31437 69015 25643 55302 175507 366805 182511 404896 205346 184494 389840 Note: In year 2016, the number of repeaters is much higher in lower grades compared to higher grades due to incompetency in 3Rs. However, the number of repeaters in grade VI is higher than grade V across year 2011 to year 2016 except year 2013; this could be caused by lack of readiness to seat for Primary School Leaving Examination. Primary Education Chart 2.6: Trend of Repeaters in Government and Non-Government Schools by Grades, 2011-2016
180000
160000
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000 No. of Repeaters of No. 40000
20000
0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Std I Std II Std III Std IV Std V Std VI Std VII Note: Primary Education Table 2.13: Number of Dropout in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason and Grade, 2015 Reasons for Grades Dropout/ Standard I Standard II Standard III Standard IV Sex M F M F M F M F Death 354 247 307 247 284 229 326 200 Pregnancy 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 Truancy 5696 5650 6713 5904 8718 7356 6861 5545 Grand Total 6050 5897 7020 6151 9002 7585 7187 5759
Reasons for Standard V Standard VI Standard VII Grand Total Dropout/
Sex M F M F M F M F T
%Dropout byReasons Death 182 154 249 168 110 89 1812 1334 3146 3.7 Pregnancy 0 41 0 119 0 77 0 251 251 0.3 Truancy 5067 3787 8445 6777 3430 2639 44930 37658 82588 96.0 Grand Total 5249 3982 8694 7064 3540 2805 46742 39243 85985 100.0 Note: The main cause for dropout in primary schools is truancy (95.6%) followed by dealth (4.1%). Primary Education Table 2.14: Trend in Number of Dropouts in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason and Sex, 2011-2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Reasons for Dropout T M F T M F T F T M F T
Death 2060 787 656 1443 1163 838 2001 2212 1812 1334 3146
Pregnancy 610 0 2433 2433 0 247 247 265 265 0 251 251
Truancy 66348 57744 45108 102852 35242 29547 64789 82269 44930 37658 82588
Grand Total 69018 58531 48197 106728 36405 30632 67037 265 84746 46742 39243 85985 Primary Education Table 2.15: Standard VII Completion Rates in Percentage in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011-2014 and 2016 Age in 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 Years F T F T F T F T F T 9 6 11 10 138 230 <11 104 199 24 50 23 116 531 890 144 241 11 1759 2923 1265 2157 1360 2212 2337 3871 3341 5390 12 24813 42071 26863 46123 29471 51042 30669 52093 39233 66174 13 334329 642655 302850 578795 296824 562081 314721 589380 270783 501835 >13 173740 340622 143240 282310 135260 270295 95919 193517 111421 226254 Grand Total 534753 1028480 474242 909435 462938 885746 444177 839751 424922 799894
Population 13 Years 513161 1026857 528043 1056636 509379 1016085 559122 1075976 532042 1061207
GCR (%) 104.2 100.2 89.8 86.1 90.9 87.2 79.4 78.0 79.9 75.4 NCR (%) 65.2 62.6 57.4 54.8 58.3 55.3 56.3 54.8 50.9 47.3 Note: About 47.3% of 13 year-old children reached Standard VII in 2016. This call for pupils retention in school and enhancement of Enrolment of official age. Primary Education Table 2.16: Summary of Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) Results, 2008- 2015 Candidates Sat Candidates Passed Percentage Passed Year Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 2008 514106 503759 1017865 307196 229476 536672 59.8 45.6 52.7 2009 496446 502624 999070 276083 217250 493333 55.6 43.2 49.4 2010 435077 459812 895013 256818 222094 478912 59.0 48.3 53.5 2011 462798 511011 973809 289190 278377 567567 62.5 54.5 58.3 2012 409575 455959 865534 145649 120224 265873 35.6 26.4 30.7 2013 398798 446140 844938 219379 208227 427606 55.0 46.7 50.6 2014 369497 422621 792118 224909 226483 451392 60.9 53.6 57.0 2015 354706 408900 763606 253904 264130 518034 71.6 64.6 67.8
Source: NECTA - Performance of PSLE results, 2008 - 2015 Primary Education Chart 2.7: Summary of Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) Results, 2008-2015
80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Male Female % Average Passed Primary Education Table 2.17: Primary Education Leavers in Government and Non-Government Schools and Form 1 Enrolment, 1961-2015 Enrolled to Form 1 Std VII % Enrolled Year Total Leavers Govt % of Govt Non-Govt % of Non-Gvt Form 1 1961 11732 4196 35.8 1962 13730 4810 35.0 1963 17042 4972 29.2 0 0.0 4972 29.2 1964 20348 5302 26.1 458 2.3 5760 28.3 1965 29367 5942 20.2 2329 7.9 8271 28.2 1966 41083 6377 15.5 2591 6.3 8968 21.8 1967 47981 6635 13.8 2610 5.4 9245 19.3 1968 58872 6989 11.9 2511 4.3 9500 16.1 1969 60545 7149 11.8 3021 5.0 10170 16.8 1970 64630 7350 11.4 3254 5.0 10604 16.4 1971 70922 7780 11.0 3667 5.2 11447 16.1 1972 87777 7956 9.1 4379 5.0 12335 14.1 1973 106203 8165 7.7 4964 4.7 13129 12.4 1974 119350 8472 7.1 5114 4.3 13586 11.4 1975 137559 8680 6.3 5786 4.2 14466 10.5 1976 156114 8659 5.5 6590 4.2 15249 9.8 1977 169106 8706 5.1 7165 4.2 15871 9.4 1978 185293 8720 4.7 8467 4.6 17187 9.3 Primary Education
Table 2.17 Cont'd… Enrolled to Form 1 Std VII % Enrolled Year % of % of Non- Total Leavers Govt Non-Govt Form 1 Govt Gvt 1979 193612 8908 4.6 6677 3.4 15585 8.0 1980 212446 8913 4.2 7095 3.3 16008 7.5 1981 357816 9178 2.6 7988 2.2 17166 4.8 1982 419829 9241 2.2 8469 2.0 17710 4.2 1983 454604 9899 2.2 9606 2.1 19505 4.3 1984 649560 10077 1.6 11745 1.8 21822 3.4 1985 429194 10881 2.5 12625 2.9 23506 5.5 1986 380096 11721 3.1 15709 4.1 27430 7.2 1987 380758 14626 3.8 18007 4.7 32633 8.6 1988 347978 15675 4.5 20789 6.0 36464 10.5 1989 267744 18551 6.9 23585 8.8 42136 15.7 1990 306656 19673 6.4 27554 9.0 47227 15.4 1991 383427 19282 5.0 29027 7.6 48309 12.6 1992 346514 19193 5.5 25703 7.4 44896 13.0 1993 363404 21531 5.9 26965 7.4 48496 13.3 1994 370534 24321 6.6 28498 7.7 52819 14.3 1995 386584 28412 7.3 28002 7.2 56414 14.6 1996 359337 30873 8.6 29768 8.3 60641 16.9 Primary Education
Table 2.17 Cont'd… Enrolled to Form 1 Std VII % Enrolled Year % of % of Non- Total Leavers Govt Non-Govt Form 1 Govt Gvt 1997 414069 35057 8.5 27125 6.6 62182 15.0 1998 364014 41238 11.3 28333 7.8 69571 19.1 1999 426562 41238 9.7 38775 9.1 80013 18.8 2000 389746 48404 12.4 36305 9.3 84709 21.7 2001 444903 58159 13.1 41593 9.3 99752 22.4 2002 494504 60391 12.2 46891 9.5 107282 21.7 2003 490018 98738 20.1 48752 9.9 147490 30.1 2004 499241 134963 27.0 45276 9.1 180239 36.1 2005 493946 196391 39.8 46968 9.5 243359 49.3 2006 664263 401011 60.4 47437 7.1 448448 67.5 2007 773553 395930 51.2 42971 5.6 438901 56.7 2008 1017865 480529 47.2 44255 4.3 524784 51.6 2009 999070 382207 38.3 56620 5.7 438827 43.9 2010 894889 403873 45.1 63282 7.1 467155 52.2 2011 973812 457321 47.0 65058 6.7 522379 53.6 2012 865534 444532 51.4 70060 8.1 514592 59.5 2013 844938 381801 45.2 57825 6.8 439626 52.0 2014 792118 371528 46.9 79804 10.1 451332 57.0 2015 763606 468337 61.3 70498 10.5 538835 70.6 The percentage of pupils enrolled in Form 1 is highest 2016 (70.5%) and in 2006 (67.5%) and it was lowest in 1984 (3.4%). Primary Education Chart 2.8: Transition Rate from Primary Education to Secondary Education,1961-2015 (Selected Years)
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
1961 1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1978 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1992 1993 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Primary Education
Table 2.18: Flow Rates in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011-2015
TOTAL/ YEAR Std I Std II Std III Std IV Std V Std VI Std VII AVERAGE 2011 1388216 1292706 1258485 1187828 1117152 1090519 1028480 8363386 2012 1404998 1332982 1239916 1195159 1081838 1082844 909435 8247172 2013 1430231 1347898 1280308 1194112 1043201 1050414 885749 8231913 2014 1503104 1374293 1256032 1198382 1042437 1008668 839751 8222667
ENROLMENT 2015 1568378 1411583 1285192 1133652 1056365 1028328 814784 8298282 2016 2120667 1359223 1257944 1060192 1026611 1014671 799894 8639202 2011 4516 8429 9972 12638 10214 17146 13340 76255 2012 5207 7760 9917 11791 10059 12976 11305 69015 2013 12021 9857 13578 10923 2233 3060 3630 55302 2014 123125 93790 60132 76245 5701 7480 332 366805 REPEATERS 2015 141585 97102 66424 67383 6011 25668 723 404896 2016 170234 99482 65359 36393 6585 11146 641 389840 2011 0.38 0.60 0.79 0.99 0.90 1.19 1.10 0.83 2012 0.86 0.74 1.10 0.91 0.21 0.28 0.40 0.67 2013 8.61 6.96 4.70 6.39 0.55 0.71 0.04 4.46 2014 9.42 7.07 5.29 5.62 0.58 2.54 0.09 4.92 REPETITION RATE REPETITION 2015 10.85 7.05 5.09 3.21 0.62 1.08 0.08 4.70 Primary Education
Table 2.18: Flow Rates in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011-2015
TOTAL/ YEAR Std I Std II Std III Std IV Std V Std VI Std VII AVERAGE
2011 95.46 95.15 94.03 90.23 95.77 82.36 92.41 2012 95.23 95.03 95.42 87.10 96.81 81.46 92.10
2013 89.53 88.72 87.65 86.82 95.97 79.91 88.15 ENROLMENT 2014 87.45 88.68 84.89 87.65 96.18 80.71 87.59
PROMOTIONRATE 2015 80.32 84.49 79.66 89.98 95.00 77.72 84.17
2011 4.16 4.25 5.18 8.78 3.33 16.45 6.80 2012 3.91 4.23 3.48 11.99 2.98 18.25 7.19 2013 1.86 4.32 7.66 6.79 3.48 19.37 6.86 2014 3.13 4.25 9.82 6.73 3.24 16.75 6.94
DROPOUT DROPOUT RATE 2015 8.82 8.47 15.25 6.81 4.38 21.19 10.63 NOTE: There was rapid increase of number of repeaters from year 2013 (6.86%) to 2015 (10.63%). The dropout is highest in STD III (15.3%) and STD VI (21.2%) in 2015. While highest dropout in STD III might be attributed by STD IV National exams, the independent study should be undertaken to identify the root cause of highest dropout in STD VI as there is no National exams at this grade. Primary Education Table 2.19: Teaching Staff, Number of Schools and Streams in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2012-2016 Indicator Name/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Ownership F T F T F T F T F T Total Teachers 93386 180987 98234 189487 98262 191387 102733 191420 106085 206829 Govt 89445 171986 93797 179322 94012 181005 97063 178242 99676 191772 Non-Govt 3941 9001 4437 10165 4250 10382 5670 13178 6409 15057 Qualified Teachers Total 90482 174834 97356 187566 96269 186013 102733 197420 103210 201535 Govt 86986 166630 93426 178510 92360 176660 97063 184242 97947 188668 Non-Govt 3496 8204 3930 9056 3909 9353 5670 13178 5263 12867 PTR 1:46 1:43 1:43 1:41 1:42 PQTR 1:47 1:44 1:44 1:42 1:42 Primary Education Table 2.19: Teaching Staff, Number of Schools and Streams in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2012-2016 Indicator Name/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Ownership F T F T F T F T F T Total Teachers Total No. of Schools 16331 16343 16493 16899 17165 % increase 2.1 0.1 0.9 2.5 1.6 Govt 15525 15576 15705 15966 16087 % increase 0.7 0.3 0.8 1.7 0.9 Non-Govt 806 767 788 933 1078 % increase 36.8 -4.8 2.7 18.4 14.1 Total No. of Streams 195075 190176 182726 190677 % increase -3.5 -2.5 -3.9 4.4 Govt 189530 186106 177659 182645 % increase -3.2 -1.8 -4.5 2.8 Non-Govt 5545 4070 5066 8032 % increase -11.7 -26.6 24.5 58.5 Note: In 2016, Qualified primary school teachers (teachers Grade A and above) was 97.4% of all teachers. The PQTR is 1:42 in 2016. The norm is 1:45. Though Total primary schools increased by 1.6%, the number of Government primary school has increased by 0.9% while Non-Government Schools has increased by 14.1%. NON- Total Number Teachers Governmentand TeacherTeachers in 2.20:Table Number Ratio (PTR) of Pupil and GOVT GOVT of Teachers qualification Std I-VII 297591 8341611 8639202 Enrolment 11 28 39 PhD Non-Government Schools by Qualification, 2016 Qualification, by Schools Non-Government 73 204 277 PGDE
25 67 92 Masters Primary Education
1562 5853 7415 Bachelor
3825 10989 14814 Diploma
7371 171527 178898 Grade A
831 2823 3654 Grade B/C
1359 281 1640 Others All 15057 191772 206829 Teachers Qualified 12867 188668 201535 Teachers PTR 20 42 43 PQTR 23 43 44 Table 2.21: Number of Teachers 2.21:Table NumberSchools Non-Government of Governmentand in Note: Number of Age Teachers Ranges be recruited cover this to gap andattrition.of that and above. implies This 5that years tocomeover 16.4% teachers of should 206829of Out Primaryschools teachers, 33964 (16.4%)are ofage 51 years 1148 <21 20384 21-25 48590 26-30 34376 31-35
27157 36-40 Primary Education
21055 41-45 2016by Age,
13589 46-50
13085 51-55 5186 56 3967 57 4945 58 4491 59 1936 60 354 60+ Not 6566 Stated 206829 Total Table 2.22: Number of Pit Latrines, Classrooms and Pupil to Pit latrine/Classroom to latrine/Classroom Pit Pupil and Classrooms of Latrines, Number Pit 2.22: Table Note: NON- Number GoVT Sex GoVT of Pupils Ratios in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2016 Sex, by Schools Non-Government and Government in Ratios a major challenge in primaryschools. in challenge major a isstill classrooms and latrines of adequacy The 1:45. of Standard the against is1:73 Ratio Classroom Pupil 1:20. of standard the against is 1:52 females of that and 1:25; of Standard the against is1:53 Ratio Latrine Pit male Average M 150079 4115635 4265714 Enrolment
147512 4225976 4373488 F
297591 8341611 8639202 T Latrines F Primary Education
7643 75335 82978 Pit
15026 146472 161498 T Disabled Latrines F
132 405 537 Pit
274 1091 1365 T Total Pit Latrines 7775 75740 83515 F
15300 147563 162863 T 20 57 54 M PLR 19 56 52 F MF 19 57 53
Number of 9751 108504 118255 Classrooms PCR 31 77 73 % of Number of Types of Note:
Shortag Permanent Permanent Non- Governmentand in 2.23:Table Permanent Buildings e Buildings Buildings 15,342 (88%)Libraries and 16,290 (93.9%) aidfirst rooms. administration blocks, 186,008 (81.1%)Teachers' houses, There isacute shortage10,943 of (83.4%)school Administration Administration 13117 Required Block 83.4 2174 Available Government Schools, 2016Government Schools, 10943 Shortage Primary Education
229218 Required Teachers' Houses 81.1 43210 Available 186008 Shortage 17435 Required Library 88.0 2093 Available 15342 Shortage Resting/First Resting/First
17354 Required Aid room 93.9 1064 Available 16290 Shortage Note:
Grand Types of Non- and Government in Ratio Desk Pupil and Desks Number 2.24: Table
may vary from onemay varyfrom three to seaterdesks in some schools. recommended averageDesks1:3.are ofnormally three seaterbut The pupil deskratio inprimary schools is1:5against the Total Desks
8639202 Enrolment
149371 1 Seater Primary Education Government Schools, 2016 Schools, Government 822484 2 Seaters
1177576 3 Seaters
5327067 Total Seats Ratio Pupil Pupil Desk 5 Neaded Desks (3 1104045 Seaters) Table 2.25: Number of Schools with Electric Power in Government and and Government in Power Electric with of Number Schools 2.25: Table Note: % of Schools Number of Sources of with been connected the national to grid electric power. 17165of Out Primaryschools, only 3,818 (22.2%)have Schools Elecric Power Electricity 17165
Number of 2016 ofPower, Source Non-Government by Schools Primary Education 3818 22.2 National Grid 262 1.5 Generator 1295 7.5 Solar 0.1 18 Biogas 0.1 14 Wind 9376 54.6 Other 2502 14.6 No Source Note: % of All Grand Distance (in Table 2.26: Distance from Schools to Councils Head Quarters, 2.26:Councils 2016Table Distance to Schools from Schools Total Range) Quarters. Quarters. HeadCouncil between their from kmlocated (0-25) HQwhile are Councils their 8306 (48.4%) from 51-76 km are (13.5%) 2,322 76-100km and are 1185 (6.9%) 100km, Primary aboveof are 1116 (6.5%) Schools of total a 2016, In 8306 48.4 (0-25) km 4228 24.6 (26-50) km Primary Education 2322 13.5
(51-75)km Schools Number of 1185 6.9 (76-100)km 1116 6.5 (>100)km 0.0 8 Not Stated 17165 Grand Total 100 3.0 SECONDARY EDUCATION The formal secondary education consists of two sequential cycles. The first cycle is a four year programme of Ordinary Level (O-Level) secondary education. The second cycle is a two year programme of Advanced Level (A-Level) secondary education.
The O-Level secondary education cycle begins with Form 1 and ends with Form 4 whereby Form 1 selection and enrollment in Government and Non–Government secondary schools is subject to the performance in National Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE). The A-Level secondary education has Form 5 and 6. The Selection and enrollment in A-Level for Government and Non- Government secondary education is based on prescribed performance level in the relevant A-Level subject combinations after attainment of appropriate credits in the Certificate of Secondary Education Examination (CSEE).
Form 4 and Form 6 examinations mark completion of secondary education cycles and the results of these examinations are used for and selection of students for further formal education and training. Secondary Education
Table 3.1: Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2012-2016
Level of 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Aggregation F T F T F T F T F T Form 1-6 Grand Total 873799 1884272 864865 1804056 949716 1947349 953394 1774383 901059 1806955
Govt 727272 1602752 707816 1504711 759113 1580810 1436973 727986 1469589
Non-Govt 146527 281520 157049 299345 190603 190603 337410 173073 337366 Form 1 Total 258183 522379 257127 514592 292188 588873 225558 448826 274870 538826
Govt 223007 457321 219335 444532 234309 479089 236931 467982
Non-Govt 35176 65058 37792 70060 57879 109784 37939 70844 Secondary Education
Table 3.1: Cont'd... Enrolment in Government and Non-Government..
Level of 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Aggregation F T F T F T F T F T Form 2 Total 216813 455653 292726 583443 301093 602902 207012 418345 226535 447895 Govt 179916 386250 251701 506036 250774 506170 183829 366396 Non-Govt 36897 69403 41025 77407 50319 96732 42706 81499 Form 3 Total 192633 420193 120612 261899 219505 433361 195289 387696 169851 336951 Govt 158976 355740 84995 193901 179295 356787 131535 263981 Non-Govt 33657 64453 35617 67998 40210 76574 38316 72970 Form 4 Total 180220 404585 169746 368600 112076 245144 199511 393492 179570 351921 Govt 148787 343376 135557 302963 77347 178246 141461 278690 Non-Govt 31433 61209 34189 65637 34729 66898 38109 73231 Secondary Education Table 3.1 Cont'd… Enrolment in Government and Non-Government …
Ownership & Level 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 of Aggregation F T F T F T F T F T Form 5 Total 12934 40890 12843 39173 14370 42484 39125 90987 26182 66624 Govt 8655 31206 8923 30581 10446 33619 17209 45533 Non-Govt 4279 9684 3920 8592 3924 8865 8973 21091 Form 6 Total 13016 40572 11811 36349 10484 34585 11296 35037 24051 64738 Govt 7931 28859 7305 26698 6942 26899 17021 47007 Non-Govt 5085 11713 4506 9651 3542 7686 7030 17731 Secondary Education Table 3.1 Cont'd… Enrolment in Government and Non-Government …
Ownership & Level 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 of Aggregation F T F T F T F T F T Form 1-4 5 Total 847849 1802810 840211 840211 924862 1870280 827370 1648359 850826 1675593
Govt 710686 1542687 691588 691588 741725 1520292 1339823 693756 1377049
Non-Govt 137163 260123 148623 148623 183137 349988 308536 157070 298544 Form 5-6 Total 25950 81462 24654 75522 24854 77069 50421 126024 50233 131362 Govt 16586 60065 16228 57279 17388 60518 97150 34230 92540 Non-Govt 9364 21397 8426 18243 7466 16551 28874 16003 38822 Note: Total enrolment in Form 1-6 has increased by 1.8% from 1,774,383 pupils in 2015 to 1,806,955 pupils in 2016. The increase is the results of great efforts made by the Government to expand secondary education in the past ten years by enabling all primary school leavers who pass the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) attend secondary education. Private participation in the provision of education has been more noticiable at secondary education. While Government contributes 81.3% of the total enrolment, Non-Government contributes 18.7%. Secondary Education Chart 3.1: Total Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2012-2016
2000000
1800000
1600000
1400000
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000
0 2006 2007 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Govt Non- Govt Total Secondary Education Table 3.2: Total Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship, 2016
Form 1 Form 2 Form 3 Form 4 Form 5 Form 6 Grand Total % of Country F T F T F T F T F T F T M F T T Burundi 50 113 29 61 2 7 6 10 5 7 1 2 107 93 200 28.4 Kenya 5 6 1 1 2 4 1 3 3 5 5 6 8 17 25 3.5 Outside 225 31.9 Africa 23 60 26 52 17 31 16 29 16 29 14 24 113 112 Rest of 22 3.1 Africa 1 3 0 1 1 1 2 4 2 5 3 8 13 9 Rwanda 1 1 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 4 6 0.9 SADC 219 31.1 Countries 23 38 11 25 15 25 10 15 7 16 55 100 98 121 Uganda 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 4 4 8 1.1 Grand 705 100 Total 105 226 67 140 40 72 35 62 35 65 78 140 345 360 % of
Enrolmen
32.1 18.6 19.9 11.1 10.2 9.7 8.8 9.7 9.2 21.7 19.9 48.9 51.1 100 t 29.2 Note: Out of 705 of all Non-Tanzanians pupils, 31.9% are from Outside Africa followed by 31.1% from SADC countiries pupils and 28.4% are from Burundi Secondary Education
Chart 3.2: Enrolment of Non-Tanzanians Pupils by Citizenship, 2016
140140
120120
100100 80 80 60 60 40
40 Number ofStudents Number
Number ofStudents Number 20 20 0 0 Burundi Kenya Outside Rest of Rwanda SADC Uganda Burundi Kenya OutsideAfrica RestAfrica of Rwanda CountrieSADC Uganda Africa Africa Countries Male 107 8 113 13 2 98s 4 Male 107 8 113 13 2 98 4 Female 93 17 112 9 4 121 4 Female 93 17 112 9 4 121 4 Note: Out of 705 of all Non-Tanzanians pupils, 31.9% are from Outside Africa followed by 31.1% from SADC countiries pupils and 28.4% are from Burundi% Secondary Education Chart 3.3: Secondary Education Comparative Enrolment Trend, 1973-2016
1973 47127 52260 1977 61178 64192 1979 68301 67296 1981 67602 69144 1983 71219 83098 1988 118810 132485 1990 145242 0 166812 1992 175776 180899 1994 186246 196375 1996 199093 225607 1998 226903 247579 2000 261951 289699 2002 323318 345441 2004 432599 524325 2006 675672 1020510 2008 1222403 1466402 2010 1638699 1789547 2012 1884272 1804056 2014 1947349 1774383 2016 1806955 0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000 1400000 1600000 1800000 2000000 Number of Pupils Note: The Chart depicts the increase trend of enrolment in secondary schools since 1973 to 2012, but has been fluactuating from 2013 to 2016. Secondary Education Table 3.3: Gross and Net Enrolment Ratios for Government and Non-Government Schools Form 1-4, 2012-2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Enrolment Age F T F T F T F T F T % of T <14 32583 53108 52525 88793 157061 303962 145166 277189 63204 105057 6.3 14 121352 218822 136790 247601 130487 238139 120605 217354 153074 270197 16.1 15 177109 344795 190666 367255 190240 365334 175833 333193 191547 362920 21.7 16 182880 376797 177395 359272 190400 378437 175980 344972 193813 385270 23.0 17 155374 341659 141716 306259 143375 303999 135819 282960 142576 294634 17.6 14-17 636715 1282073 646567 1280387 654502 1285909 608237 1178479 681010 1313021 78.4 18 102779 244805 85235 201088 76090 177085 76683 175296 74045 168021 10.0 19 47804 129592 36421 97151 27526 72762 32723 86457 25422 65574 3.9 >19 27968 93232 19463 61115 9683 30562 14982 56962 7145 23920 1.4 18-19+ 178551 467629 141119 359354 113299 280409 124388 318715 106612 257515 15.4
Grand Total 847849 1802810 847849 1802810 924862 1870280 877791 1774383 850826 1675593 100
Population Age 14-17 Years 1689336 3405428 1738327 3504186 1783524 3595295 1829895 3688773 1966266 3932533
GER 50.2 52.9 48.8 51.4 51.9 52.0 48.0 48.1 43.3 42.6 NER 37.7 37.6 37.2 36.5 36.7 35.8 33.2 31.9 34.6 33.4 Source: National Bureau of Statistics - Projected Population Data for Pupils aged 14-17 years Note: Both GER and NER for Form 1-4 has been fluactuating since 2011 to 2014. In most cases the NER was higher for female compared to Male while the GER for Male was higher than for Female. Secondary Education Table 3.4: Gross (GER) and Net (NER) Enrolment Ratios for Government and Non-Government Schools Form 5&6, 2012-2016 Enrolment 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Age F T F T F T F T F T % of T Under 18 2993 5689 3741 6740 3573 6672 7249 11736 5684 11717 8.9 18 6349 14763 7137 14740 6876 15607 13949 26591 11793 24583 18.7 19 8000 22663 6661 18561 7878 22431 15982 37053 15779 37624 28.6 18 - 19 17342 43115 13798 33301 14754 38038 29931 63644 27572 62207 47.4 Over 19 8608 38347 7115 35481 6527 32359 13241 50644 16977 57438 43.7 Grand Total 25950 81462 24654 75522 24854 77069 50421 126024 50233 131362 100
Population Age 18- 19 Years 800151 1603417 960946 1819354 985931 1866657 1011565 1915190 1015867 1920320 GER 3.2 5.1 2.6 4.2 2.5 4.1 5.0 6.6 4.9 6.8 NER 2.2 2.7 1.4 1.8 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.3 2.7 3.2 Source: National Bureau of Statistics - Projected Population Data for Pupils aged 18-19 years. Secondary Education Table 3.5: Gross (GER) and Net (NER) Enrolment Ratios for Government and Non-Government Schools, Form 1-6, 2012-2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Enrolment Age F T F T F T F T F T % of T < 14 32593 53118 52562 89042 157061 303962 145166 277189 63207 105064 5.8 14 121366 218837 136903 247878 130487 238139 120605 217354 153119 270271 15.0 15 177180 344871 190884 367663 190240 365334 175833 333193 191750 363257 20.1 16 183286 377410 178052 360435 190400 378437 175980 344972 195008 387732 21.5 17 157866 346634 144432 310902 146948 310671 135819 282960 146814 303471 16.8 18 109128 259568 92372 215828 82966 192692 76683 175296 85838 192604 10.7 19 55804 152255 43082 115712 35404 95193 32723 86457 41201 103198 5.7 14 - 19 837223 1752693 785725 1618418 776445 1580466 862809 1717421 813730 1620533 89.7 >19 36576 131579 26578 96596 16210 62921 14982 56962 24122 81358 4.5 Grand Total 873799 1884272 864865 1804056 949716 1947349 877791 1774383 901059 1806955 100
Population Age 14- 19 Years 2538478 5107603 2538478 5107603 2609555 5250616 2682623 5397633 3031165 5901884 GER 34.4 36.9 34.4 36.9 36.4 37.1 32.7 32.9 29.7 30.6 NER 33.0 34.3 33.0 34.3 29.8 30.1 32.2 31.8 26.8 27.5 Source: National Bureau of Statistics - Projected Population Data for Pupils aged 14-19 years. Secondary Education Chart 3.4:Trend in Net Enrolment Ratios (NERs) for Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011- 2016
2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 NER Values 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 NER Form 1 - 6 32.1 34.3 28.8 30.1 31.8 27.5 NER Form 5 - 6 2.0 2.7 1.8 2 3.3 3.2 NER Form 1 - 4 34.5 36.6 33.7 35.8 31.9 33.4 Chart 3.5: Trend in Gross Enrolment Ratios (GERs) for Government and Non-Government Schools, 2011-2016
2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011
GER Values 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 GER Form 1 - 6 36.1 36.9 32.1 37.1 32.9 30.6 GER Form 5 - 6 5.0 5.1 4.2 4.1 6.6 6.8 GER Form 1- 4 50.2 51.4 45.5 52.0 48.1 42.6 Secondary Education Table 3.6: Completion Rates Trend in Government and Non-Gcvernent Schools Form 4 Students by Age and Sex, 2011-2013 and 2016 2011 2012 2013 2016 Age F T F T F T F T % of T <16 2843 5074 3603 6358 4629 8153 6000 10116 2.9 16 12485 22836 16894 30469 20166 36137 29681 49489 14.1 17 35611 69589 53175 102977 53912 103790 68755 124300 35.3 18 45155 96889 56527 123125 50918 111208 50268 104308 29.6 19 27707 71719 30350 77301 25443 64097 19338 46082 13.1 > 19 years 19651 67531 19671 64355 14820 45490 5525 17614 5.0 Grand Total 143452 333638 180220 404585 169888 368875 179567 351909 100
Population Age 17 Years 464736 932144 478213 959177 440926 868619 464388 912579
Gross Completion Rate 30.9 35.8 37.7 42.2 38.5 42.5 38.7 38.6
Net Completion Rate 7.7 7.5 11.1 10.7 12.2 11.9 14.8 13.6 Source: National Bureau of Statistics - Projected Population Data for Pupils aged 17 years. Note: The number of students who reached Form 4 in 2016 is equal to 13.6% of corresponding school age (17 years) population. The trend shows that both Gross and Net Completion Rates are increasing gradually. Secondary Education
Table 3.7: Number of Pupils with Disabilities in Government and Non-Government Schools by Type of Disability, Grade and Sex, 2016 Albino Dea/Mute Deaf Blind Mentally Impaired Multi Impaired Grade F T F T F T F T F T Form 1 76 151 176 360 17 31 12 32 19 42 Form 2 52 117 182 310 17 31 17 34 12 36 Form 3 41 103 87 206 10 23 12 24 6 21 Form 4 51 117 101 197 17 28 10 21 10 19 Form 5 4 18 8 15 2 4 0 4 0 0 Form 6 3 19 5 12 0 2 0 2 0 1 Grand Total 227 525 559 1100 63 119 51 117 47 119 Percentage 3.0 7.0 7.4 14.6 0.8 1.6 0.7 1.6 0.6 1.6 Secondary Education Table 3.7 Cont 'd… Physically Impaired Poor vision Visually Impaired Grand Total Grade F T F T F T M F T Form 1 337 815 420 772 57 159 1248 1114 2362 Form 2 246 629 320 612 53 135 1005 899 1904 Form 3 171 435 334 546 50 101 748 711 1459 Form 4 176 416 252 448 40 86 675 657 1332 Form 5 9 34 60 112 1 8 111 84 195 Form 6 25 70 90 146 4 8 133 127 260 Grand Total 964 2399 1476 2636 205 497 3920 3592 7512 Percentage 12.8 31.9 19.6 35.1 2.7 6.6 58.37 41.63 100.0 Note: Students with poor vision and Physically Impared constitute 67% (35.1% and 31.9% respectively) of all pupils with disabilities. Secondary Education Table 3.8: Number of Orphan Pupils in Government and Non-Government Schools by Level and Sex, 2016 Total Orphans (Both Parents) Orphans (Single Parent) Total Level Enrolment F T % of F T % of T M F T % of T T Form 1 538826 9467 18373 3.4 26298 51006 9.5 33614 35765 69379 12.9 Form 2 447895 8532 17363 3.9 21779 41827 9.3 28879 30311 59190 13.2 Form 3 336951 7480 14583 4.3 17456 33568 10.0 23215 24936 48151 14.3 Form 4 351921 7215 14006 4.0 17956 34273 9.7 23108 25171 48279 13.7 Form 5 66624 1065 2342 3.5 2031 4721 7.1 3967 3096 7063 10.6 Form 6 64738 1208 2687 4.2 2021 5033 7.8 4491 3229 7720 11.9 Grand Total 1806955 34967 69354 3.8 87541 170428 9.4 117274 122508 239782 13.3 Note: About 9.4% of Secondary School Pupils have a single parent while 3.8% are orphans of both parents in 2016. % ofTotal% Note: Grand Form Form Form Form Form Form LEVEL Total 6 5 4 3 2 1 2016Grade Sex, and Vulnerability, of Type by Government Schools Table 3.9: Number of Vulnerable Pupils in Government and Non- Governmentand in Vulnerable Pupils 3.9:NumberTable of Most of theof VulnerableMost pupilsare in lowergrade insecondary. 86.1 %all of vulnerable pupilsare family from with Poorincome. M T F T F T F T F T F T F T F Type of Vulnerables 167803 85142 82661 33943 17201 34159 17091 44349 22777 52008 26710 1560 1784 86.1
611 752 Pupils from Family with poor income
Pupils living Secondary Education 6435 3008 3427 1043 1210 1702 2421 1134 460 584 825 3.3 28 31
0 5 near/passing in wild animals areas 1207 3771 1636 2135 1012 383 530 455 610 268 882 Pupils using 1.9 37 23 0 0 marine transport 12013 1274 2959 1259 4982 7031 2980 1168 2789 1140 2983
146 156 Pupils who are 6.2 70 71 head of the household 1403 4827 2631 2196 1055 1271 693 789 100 927 510 567 Sick Pupils for 2.5 34 71 38 more than 3 Months 194849 25952 59998 30422 97399 97450 39905 19794 39823 19650 51187 100.0 1871 2065 715 866 Grand Total 49.99 50.01 26.6 61.6 31.2 41.0 20.3 40.9 20.2 52.6 100 1.9 0.7 2.1 0.9 % of Total Secondary Education Table 3.10: Number of Dropout in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason, Grade and Sex, 2015 Death Pregnancy Truancy TOTAL GRADE % F T F T F T M F T Form 1 89 196 422 422 7558 16530 9079 8069 17148 27.9 Form 2 84 213 823 823 9390 21257 11996 10297 22293 36.3 Form 3 73 167 1050 1050 5461 11751 6384 6584 12968 21.1 Form 4 63 158 1068 1068 3595 7510 4010 4726 8736 14.2 Form 5 4 19 64 64 57 158 116 125 241 0.4 Form 6 3 18 12 12 8 72 79 23 102 0.2 Grand Total 316 771 3439 3439 26069 57278 31664 29824 61488 100 % of Total 0.5 1.3 5.6 5.6 42.4 93.2 51.5 48.5 100.0 Note: Dropouts in secondary schools is higher in lower level secondary as compared to higher level secondary. Form 2 has the highest number of dropouts (36.3%). The major reason for dropout is truancy (93.2%) followed pregnancy and the least is death. Secondary Education Chart 3.6: Dropout in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason, 2016
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0 Death Pregnacy Truancy
Male Female Secondary Education Chart 3.7: Number of Dropout in Government and Non- Government Schools by Grade and Sex, 2015
14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Form 1 Form 2 Form 3 Form 4 Form 5 Form 6 Male 544 942 1175 1172 78 27 Female 9337 12617 7403 5070 149 83 Total 9881 13559 8578 6242 227 110 Secondary Education Table 3.11: Dropouts in Percentage of Total Enrolment in Government and Non-Government Schools by Reason and Sex, 2015
Death Pregnancy Truancy GRAND TOTAL
for
2015
Dropout Reasons Enrolment F T F T F T M F T
1774383 316 771 3439 3439 26069 57278 31664 29824 61488
% of Total GrandTotal 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 1.5 3.2 1.8 1.7 3.5 Enrolment
1469107 273 676 3281 3281 25045 54949 30307 28599 58906
GOVT % of Total 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 1.7 3.7 2.1 1.9 4.0 Enrolment
305276 43 95 158 158 1024 2329 1357 1225 2582
% of Total
NON-GOVT 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.8 Enrolment Secondary Education Table 3.12: Number of Repeaters in Government and Non-Government Schools by Ownership, Grade and Sex, 2016 Ownership Government Non-Governmentt Grand Total % of Total LEVEL F T F T M F T Form 1 686 1613 375 648 1200 1061 2261 8.2 Form 2 10373 20426 375 650 10328 10748 21076 76.8 Form 3 704 1434 499 888 1119 1203 2322 8.5 Form 4 346 730 349 639 674 695 1369 5.0 Form 5 89 140 9 19 61 98 159 0.6 Form 6 100 232 7 9 134 107 241 0.9 Grand total 12298 24575 1614 2853 13516 13912 27428 100.0 Percentage 44.8 89.6 5.9 10.4 49.3 50.7 100.0 Note: There were 27,428 students who repeated classes in 2016 of which 49.3% were boys and 50.7% were girls. Number of repeaters is high in Form 2 (76.8%) and low in Form 6 (0.9%). Generally, repeaters are higher in Government secondary schools (89.6%) as compared to Non Government schools (10.4%). Secondary Education Chart 3.8: Number of Repeaters in Government and Non-Government
Schools by Grade and Sex, 2016
Female
Male
Form 6 Form
Female
Male
Form 5 Form
Female
Male
Form 4 Form
Female
Male
Form 3 Form
Female
Male
Form 2 Form
1 Female
Male Form
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 Secondary Education Table 3.13: Trend of Repeaters in Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2011-2013 and 2016 2011 2012 2013 2016 GRADE M F T M F T M F T M F T
Form 1
608 626 927 686
2740 3282 6022 3282 1427 4709 1234 1613
Form 2
2940 3360 6300 3360 1903 5263
34776 36525 71301 10053 10373 20426
Form 3
730 704
2994 3327 6321 3327 1829 5156 1642 1709 3351 1434
Form 4
864 384 346 730
2864 3416 6280 3416 1573 4989 1048 1912 89
Form 5 51
223 450 673 450 677 120 797 140
1376 1826 41
Form 6 41
837 878 631 158 789 132 100 232
1268 1309
Grand Total
9376
12598 13876 26474 13876 23252 39198 40186 79384 12277 12298 24575 % Change 10 -32 -12 182 329 241 -69 Secondary Education Table 3.14: Trend of Repeaters in Non-Government Schools by Sex and Grade, 2011-2013 and 2016 2011 2012 2013 2016 GRADE F T F T F T M F T Form 1 455 794 899 1627 927 1389 273 375 648 Form 2 327 607 641 1130 1862 2945 275 375 650 Form 3 378 717 633 1097 1048 1658 389 499 888 Form 4 371 703 557 979 797 1267 290 349 639 Form 5 141 277 234 424 250 374 10 9 19 Form 6 114 211 211 352 163 205 2 7 9 Grand 1786 3309 3175 5609 5047 7838 1239 1614 2853 Total % Change 78 70 59 40 -68 -64 Secondary Education Table 3.15: Summary of Pass Rates in Form 4 Examination (CSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2008-2015 Division (in %) No of Percent Percent Year Candidates Passed Failed I II III Total I-III IV Examined* 2008 3.5 6.4 16.8 26.7 56.9 83.6 16.3 163,855 2009 1.9 4.4 11.6 17.9 54.7 72.5 27.5 248,336 2010 1.5 2.8 7.1 11.4 38.9 50.4 49.6 352,840 2011 1.1 2.4 6.5 10.0 43.6 53.6 46.4 339,330 2012 0.9 2.8 5.9 9.5 33.5 43.1 56.9 397,222 2013 2.2 6.2 12.8 21.2 36.0 57.2 42.8 352,614 2014 3.1 10.5 17.2 30.8 39.0 69.8 30.2 240,310 2015 2.8 9.0 13.6 25.4 42.6 68.0 32.0 354,885 Note: Pass rates in Form 4 examinations have been fluctuating from year to year, highest in 2008 (83.6%) and lowest in 2012 (43.1%). The percentage of candidates who failed started to increase from 2008 (16.3%) to 2011 (46.4%) then 2012 (56.9%). For the past ten years Division 1 passes was highest in 2008 (3.5%) with the lowest failures of 16.3%. The pass rate is highly negatively correlated with number of candidate sat for examinations. * Candidate examined refers to candates whose results released Secondary Education Chart 3.9: Pass Rates Trend for Form 4 Examination (CSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2008-2015
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Division I Division II Division III Division IV Fail Secondary Education Chart 3.10: Pass Rate Trend for CSEE Candidates Scored Division I - III and Failures in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2005-2015
100.0 90.0 80.0
70.0
60.0 50.0
Pass Rates Pass 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Division I-IV 89.3 89.1 90.3 83.6 72.5 50.3 19.1 43.1 57.2 69.8 68.0 Failed 10.7 10.9 9.7 16.3 27.5 49.6 56.9 66.5 64.0 61.0 32.0 Secondary Education Table 3.16: Trend in Transition Rates from Form 4 to Form 5, 2005-2015 Number of Candidates Enrolled % Enrolled to Form 5 Vs Number of Number of to Form 5 Candidates Sat Year Candidates Candidates Non- Non- Sat Passed Govt Total Govt Total Govt Govt 2005 85292 76166 18211 9569 27780 21.4 11.2 32.6 2006 85865 76506 21789 11299 33088 25.4 13.2 38.5 2007 125288 113135 25240 12576 37816 20.1 10.0 30.2 2008 162855 126617 31201 11851 43052 19.2 7.3 26.4 2009 248336 173323 26065 12269 38334 10.5 4.9 15.4 2010 352840 177021 30265 11083 41348 8.6 3.1 11.7 2011 339330 180216 31206 9684 40890 9.2 2.9 12.1 2012 370837 159747 30581 8592 39173 8.2 2.3 10.6 2013 403789 235227 31480 11004 42484 7.8 2.7 10.5 2014 240410 167643 45094 20996 66090 18.8 8.7 27.5 2015 384300 240996 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Note: The trend in transition rate has been decreasing since 2006 (38.5%) to 2010 (11.7%)) which followed with a slight increase in 12.1% in 2011 and later a downward trend to 10.6% and 10.5% in 2012 and 2013 respectively. Secondary Education Chart 3.11: Trend in Transition Rates from Form 4 to Form 5, 2004/5 - 2014/15
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0 % of Transition of %
0.0 Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Govt 21.4 25.4 20.1 19.2 10.5 8.6 9.2 8.2 7.8 18.8 Non-Govt 11.2 13.2 10.0 7.3 4.9 3.1 2.9 2.3 2.7 8.7 Secondary Education Table 3.17: Summary of Pass Rates for School Candidates in Form 4 Examination (CSEE) by Subject and Sex, 2014-2015 Candidate Sat Candidate Passed % of Subject Year F T M % F % T % of T Change 2014 110523 240233 53060 40.9 37508 33.9 90568 37.7 34.12
Civics 2015 195313 384055 104901 55.6 89296 45.7 194197 50.6 2014 110536 240254 87479 67.4 79886 72.3 167365 69.7 li 11.44
Kiswahi 2015 195303 384014 142835 75.7 155270 79.5 298105 77.6 2014 110522 240236 73861 75.7 58517 52.9 132378 55.1
e 1.96 English
Languag 2015 195318 384082 113314 56.9 102486 52.5 215800 56.2 2014 107339 233652 57384 60.0 30019 28.0 87403 37.4 27.25
History 2015 192372 377436 104855 45.4 74807 38.9 179662 47.6 2014 109693 238562 69234 56.7 45993 41.9 115227 48.3 11.26
Biology 2015 194516 382356 111964 59.6 93520 48.1 205484 53.7 2014 110388 239532 57112 44.2 33826 30.6 90938 38.0
hy 28.28
Geograp 2015 195117 383055 105746 56.3 80804 41.4 186550 48.7 2014 110485 240079 30369 23.4 16632 15.1 47001 19.6
tics -14.38 Basic
Mathema 2015 195247 383795 39420 20.9 24912 12.8 64332 16.8 2014 44900 108692 34195 53.6 16580 36.9 50775 46.7 -5.17
Physics 2015 57919 129812 37528 52.2 19977 34.5 57505 44.3 2014 59733 137472 48403 62.3 29586 49.5 77989 56.7
ry 5.96
Chemist 2015 80791 171835 61218 67.2 42078 52.1 103296 60.1 Note: Pass rates by subject in CSEE was high in Kiswahili (69.7%) in year 2014 and 77.6% in year 2015 . Basic Mathematics had lower Pass rate of 19.6% and 16.8% in 2014 and 2015 respectively. The performance of boys is higher than that of girls in all subjects except in Kiswahili where girls performed higher than boys in years 2014 and 2015. Secondary Education Chart 3.12: Summary of Pass Rates for Government and Non- Government School Candidates in Form 4 Examination (CSEE) by Subject and Sex, 2015
52.1 Chemistry 67.2 34.5 Physics 52.2
12.8 Basic Mathematics 20.9
41.4
Geography 56.3
48.1
Biology 59.6 Subject 38.9 History 45.4
52.5 English Language 56.9 79.5 Kiswahili 75.7 45.7 Civics 55.6
Pass rates (%) 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 Female Male Secondary Education Table 3.18: Summary of Pass Rates in Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Division, 2006-2015 Division Percent Percent Total No of Year Candidates I II III I - III IV Passed Failed Examined 2006 18.1 31.7 36.8 86.6 9.7 96.3 3.7 21126 2007 7.7 18.5 42.2 68.4 23.9 92.3 7.7 24813 2008 10.7 22.2 39.7 72.6 20.2 92.7 7.3 32275 2009 12.8 22.2 47.9 82.9 11.5 94.4 5.6 39105 2010 9.4 23.2 49.6 82.2 11.6 93.8 6.2 48791 2011 7.3 20.2 51.1 78.6 13.5 92.1 7.9 44720 2012 5.7 20.9 53.1 79.7 12.6 92.3 7.7 44188 2013 0.8 12.5 70.5 83.8 10.2 93.9 6.1 42952 2014 10.7 27.3 47.7 85.7 12.5 98.2 1.8 35418 2015 17.4 29.8 42.3 89.5 9.5 99.0 1.0 35176 Note: Pass rates in ACSEE for year 2006 - 2015 varied from year to year ranging between 92.1% and 99.0%. For ten years, the number of candidates was high in 2010 (48,791) and lowest in 2006 (21,126). Secondary Education Chart 3.13: Pass Rates Summary of Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools, 2006-2015
80
70
60
50
40
30
20 % Pass rates Pass % 10
0 Years 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Division I Division II Division III Division IV Fail Secondary Education
Table 3.19: Summary of Pass Rate in Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Subject, 2014-2015
SUBJECTS Candidates Sat Candates % of Passed 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 Advanced Mathematics 2022 9144 1856 7774 91.8 85.0 Biology 10959 13429 10693 13313 97.6 99.1 Chemistry 16016 18491 15340 17825 95.8 96.4 English 8190 5759 8111 5755 99.0 99.9 General Studies 35255 35175 32590 30596 92.4 87.0 Geography 19188 18774 19089 18764 99.5 99.9 History 13321 11227 13308 11223 99.9 100 Kiswahili 6385 5160 6384 5158 100 100 Physics 11875 13102 9311 11228 78.4 85.7 Secondary Education Chart 3.14: Summary of Pass Rate in Form 6 Examination (ACSEE) in Government and Non-Government Schools by Subject, 2014-2015 100.0 90.0 80.0
70.0 (%)
60.0 50.0
rates 40.0 30.0 Pass Pass 20.0 10.0 0.0 Subjects
2014 2015 NOTE: The pass rates for Form 6 are higher in Kiswahili and History than other subjects for both years. Secondary Education Table 3.20: Teaching Staff, Number of Schools, Streams and Pupil Teacher Ratio in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2012-2016 Category/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Ownership F T F T F T F T F T All Teachers Total 20562 65086 23855 73407 26893 80529 32856 94598 37873 108596 Govt 17826 51469 20737 58028 23900 65390 27950 75127 34108 89554 Non-Govt 2736 13617 3118 15379 2993 15139 4906 19471 3765 19042 Qualified Teachers Total 27330 37925 22013 65513 26663 80099 92439 37632 106904 Govt 20392 29350 19482 53484 23900 65390 74168 34008 88962 Non-Govt 6938 8575 2531 12029 2763 14709 18271 3624 17942 Number of Schools Total 4528 4576 4753 4708 4773 Govt 3508 3528 3692 3593 3601 Non-Govt 1020 1048 1061 1115 1172 Secondary Education Table 3.20: Teaching Staff, Number of Schools, Streams and Pupil Teacher Ratio in Government and Non- Government Schools, 2012-2016 Category/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Ownership F T F T F T F T F T NumberAll Teachers of Streams Total 46381 43518 39398 40444 Govt 39297 35604 31951 32595 Non-Govt 7084 7914 7447 7849 Pupil Teacher Ratio Total 01:29 01:25 01:24 1:19 1:17 Govt 01:31 01:26 01:24 1:23 1:16 Non-Govt 01:21 01:20 01:24 1:19 1:18 Pupil Q/Teacher Ratio Total 01:29 01:28 1:19 1:17 Govt 01:31 01:28 01:24 1:19 1:17 Non-Govt 01:21 01:25 01:25 1:18 1:19 Note: In 2016 there were 108,596 teachers in secondary schools of whom 89,554 or 82.5% were in Government schools and 19,042 or 17.5% are in Non-Government secondary schools. The increase of teachers is by 14.8%. The number of secondary schools increased from 4,576 in 2013 to 4,773 in 2016. The Non-government schools has increased from 1,048 (2013) to 1,172 (2016). Number of Age (PTR) Ratio Government in Teacher Pupil and Age by of Number Teachers 3.21: Table NONGOVT GOVT Teachers Ranges
Total 337366 1469589 1806955 Enrolment
62 169 231 <21
1284 3794 5078 21-25 and Non-Goverment Schools, 2016 Schools, Non-Goverment and
5328 39906 45234 26-30 Education Secondary
4687 26121 30808 31-35
3010 10243 13253 36-40
1769 4176 5945 41-45
1094 2450 3544 46-50
829 1485 2314 51-55
749 843 1592 56-60
173 20 193 >60
57 347 404 Not Stated
19042 89554 108596 Teachers 18 16 17 TPR Secondary Education Table 3.22: Number of Pit Latrine, Classrooms and Pupil Latrine/Classroom Ratios in Government and Non-Government Schools by Sex, 2016 Total Enrolment Pit Latrines PLR
of of PCR ms
Sex M F T Number M F T M F FM Classroo
26 23 24 40
Pupils
45681 35349 38474 73823
905896 901059
1806955 Number of of Number
33 31 32 42
GOVT
34823 22390 23571 45961
741603 727986 1469589
13 12 12 31
10858 12959 14903 27862
164293 173073 337366 NON-GOVT Table 3.23: Number of Government and Non-Government Schools with Electric with Schools Government 3.23:Table Non-Government Numberand of
Number Sources of of Elecric Power Schools 2253 National Grid Power by Type of Power, 2016Power, byof Power Type 567
Generator Education Secondary 1554 Solar
45 Biogas
20 Wind 114 Other 520 No Source Secondary Education Table 3.24: Number of Furniture in Government and Non-Government School and
Desk Pupil Ratio, 2016
TDR
PDR
Total Total
Total Total
Chair
ITEM
tables
Pupils Pupils Pupils
Chairs
Tables TDR(t)
PDR(t)
Teachers Teachers Teachers Enrolment
1:1 1:1 1:1 1:2
Ratios
78351 62529
108596
Enrolment/ Enrolment/
1806955 1713999 1679384 Number of Types of Governmentand Available in Equipment ICT 3.25:Table Number of Equipment Equipments
2983 Deck/DVD
60451 Desktop Computers 2016 Schools, Non-Government Secondary Education Secondary Laptop 13319 Computers
6080 Photocopier
8871 Printer
3510 Projector
1711 Radio
Smart 6845 Phone/ Tablets
5952 TV 4.0 ADULT AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
Non Formal Education refers to provision of education to out of school children aged 11 to 18 years outside the formal education system. The main programme offered is Complimentary Basic Education whose cycle ranges from 2 to 3 years.
Adult Education caters for people aged 19+. The main programmes offered include Integrated Community Based Adult Education (ICBAE) which includes basic and post literacy with components of Extension services, Income Generation, Vocational Training and Non Formal Secondary education offered through Open and Distance Learning (ODL) modes. Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.1: Number of COBET Learners by Sex, 2016
LEVEL COBET learners COHORT COBET learners COHORT COBET learners COHORT I (11-13 YEARS) II (14-18 YEARS) I-II (11-18 YEARS) GPI SEX M F T M F T M F T
Total 0.8
Enrolment
7208 5639
38935 30557 69492 12847 46143 36196 82339 Note: The GPI of COBET learners is 0.8 indicating that more males than females. Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.2: Enrolment Trend of COBET Learners by Sex, 2011-2013 and 2016
YEARS 2011 2012 2013 2016 % Sex F T F T F T M F T Increase
Total
Enrolment 52.4
37621 81960 35626 76867 25193 54029 46143 36196 82339 NOTE: The enrolment of COBET Learners increased by 52.4% from 54,029 in year 2013 to 82,339 in year 2016. Adult and Non-Formal Education Chart 4.1: Number of COBET Learners by Sex 2008- 2016
150000
100000
50000
0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2016
Male Female Total Note: There is a slight decrease in enrolment of COBET learners from 2008-2016. Adult and Non-Formal Education
Table 4.3: Learner Facilitator Ratio (LFR) in COBET by Sex, 2016
Qualification of Facilitators FORM 4 FORM 6 GRADE A Others* Total
COBET COBET LFR Learners F T F T F T F T M F T 82339 619 1559 9 37 251 723 108 278 1610 987 2597 32
% of Total 23.8 60.0 0.3 1.4 9.7 27.8 4.2 10.7 62.0 38.0 100.0 Facilitators Note: Others* include facilitators with below Form 4 academic qualification, Grade B/C Certificates, Diploma, Degree and Retired Teachers. About 60.0% of COBET facilitors are Form Four leavers. Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.4: Enrolment in ICBAE Functional Literacy by Sex and Type of Programme, 2016 Extension Basic Literacy Income Generation Life Skills Grand Total Programs Activities Sex F T F T F T F T M F T
Total
Enrolment 7475
47967 85986 30080 59184 31184 53923 14249 96636
116706 213342
% Enrolment 41.1 40.3 25.8 27.7 26.7 25.3 6.4 6.7 45.3 54.7 100
Note 1: Functional Literacy = Kisomo Chenye Manufaa (KCM). 2 Enrolment of ICBAE Functional Literacy is highly focused on Basic Literacy (40.3%). Adult and Non-Formal Education
Table 4.5: Enrolment in ICBAE Post Literacy by Sex and Type of Programme, 2016
Extension Programs Income Generation Vocational Skills Life Skills Grand Total Activities Sex F T F T F T F T M F T
Grand Total
7432 8259
38600 76648 37436 64717 17141 15745 82524 91727 174251 % Enrolment 42.1 44.0 40.8 37.1 8.1 9.8 9.0 9.0 47.4 52.6 100 Note 1: Post Literacy = Kisomo Cha Kujiendeleza (KCK) 2: The ICBAE Post Literacy focuses on both Extension Activities and Income Generation (44.0%). Adult and Non-Formal Education
Table 4.6: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Type of Programme and Sex, 2016
Extension Income Vocational Programs Basic Literacy Life Skills Grant Total Activities Generation Skills Sex F T F T F T F T F T M F T
Total
Enrolment
7432
47967 85986 68680 68620 15734 29994 17141
135832 118640 179160 208433 387593
Percentage 23.0 22.2 33.0 35.0 32.9 30.6 7.5 7.7 3.6 4.4 46.2 53.8 100
Note: Out of 387,593 ICBAE learners, 135,832 (35.0%) are involved in the Extension Activities while the least ICBAE learners are involved in Vocational Skills 17,141 (4.4%). Adult and Non-Formal Education
Chart 4.2: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Type of Programme and Sex, 2016
80000 70000 60000 50000 40000
30000 Number of Learners of Number 20000 10000 0 Programmes Basic Literacy Extension Income Life Skills Vocational Skills Activities Generation Male 39313 72652 65094 15213 9816 Female 49314 74565 74400 16922 7492 Adult and Non-Formal Education Chart 4.3: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Type of Programme, Age Groups and Sex, 2016
30000
25000
20000
Number of Learners of Number 15000
10000
5000
Ages 0 < 19 19 -24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 > 55 Life Skills 1344 3442 4696 5230 5975 4274 3393 2293 1488 Basic Literacy 2676 9817 11181 12653 15070 11576 9979 7744 7931 Extension Activities 3189 13810 17867 23901 25718 23613 18282 11528 9309 Income Generation 1763 7855 15856 22442 24516 21348 16155 9406 4938 Vocational Skills 1667 2449 2807 2914 2704 1997 1522 647 601 Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.7: Enrolment in ICBAE Post and Functional Literacy by Sex, 2010- 2013 and 2016 2010 2011 2012 2013 2016 Region F T F T F T F T M F T
Enrolment
472779 923273 549219 473305 907771 444120 845380 179160 208433 387593 1046843 Note: The trend show a decrease in enrolment from 923,273 ICBAE learners in 2010 to 387,593in 2016. Adult and Non-Formal Education Chart 4.4: Trend of Enrolment in ICBAE by Sex, 2009-2013 and 2016
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2016 Male Female Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.8: Number of ICBAE Facilitators by Qualification and Sex, 2016 Extension Diploma Grade A Others Grand Total Qualification Officers F T F T F T F T M F T
Number of
420 644
Facilitators 777
1979 1974 5074 1378 1669 6285 3815 10100
% of Total 19.6 50.2 13.6 16.5 100.0 Note: The majority of facilitators of ICBAE are with Grade A qualifications (50.2%). Others are volunteers with qualifications other than Diploma, Grade A or Extension Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.9: Number of Learners in Intergrated Post Primary Education (IPPE) Centres by Field of Study and Sex, 2016 IPPE I IPPE II Grand Total Field of study M F T M F T M F T Carpentery 682 134 816 400 41 441 1082 175 1257 Civics 757 537 1294 387 284 671 1144 821 1965 Electricity 342 119 461 216 52 268 558 171 729 English 915 587 1502 534 335 869 1449 922 2371 Home Care 213 647 860 97 374 471 310 1021 1331 Kiswahili 827 610 1437 414 320 734 1241 930 2171 Masonry 467 115 582 266 43 309 733 158 891 Mathematics 917 587 1504 551 349 900 1468 936 2404 Metal Works 487 320 807 253 158 411 740 478 1218 Plumbing 170 26 196 85 11 96 255 37 292 Grand Total 5777 3682 9459 3203 1967 5170 8980 5649 14629 Adult and Non-Formal Education Chart 4.5: Number of Learners in Intergrated Post Primary Education Centres by Field of Study and Sex, 2016
1600 1400 1200 1000
800 600 400
Learners 200 0 Field of Study
Male Female Adult and Non-Formal Education Table 4.10: Number of Open and Distant Learning (ODL) Learners by Program, Level of Education and Sex, 2016 Level of Distance Learning Evening Program Grand Total Education M F T M F T M F T Level I (Form 1 & 2) 520 707 1227 1058 1428 2486 1578 2135 3713 Level II (Form 3 & 4) 116 134 250 491 624 1115 607 758 1365 Level III (Form 5 & 6) 48 80 128 88 145 233 136 225 361 Grand Total 684 921 1605 1637 2197 3834 2321 3118 5439