JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY VOLUME 170 * DECEMBER 1988 * NUMBER 12 Samuel Kaplan, Editor in Chief (1992) Kenneth N. Timmis, Editor (1992) University ofIllinois, Urbana Centre Medical Universitaire, Richard M. Losick, Editor (1993) Geneva, Switzerland Terrance J. Beveridge, Editor (1992) Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. University of Guelph, Guelph, Graham C. Walker, Editor (1990) Canada L. Nicholas Ornston, Editor (1992) Massachusetts Institute Yale University, New Haven, Conn. of James D. Friesen, Editor (1992) Technology, Cambridge, Mass. University of Toronto, Robert H. Rownd, Editor (1990) Robert A. Weisberg, Editor (1990) Toronto, Canada Northwestern Medical School, National Institute of Child Chicago, Ill. June J. Lascelles, Editor (1989) Health and Human University of California, Los Angeles Development, Bethesda, Md.

EDITORIAL BOARD Sankar Adhya (1990) James G. Ferry (1989) David E. Kennell (1988) Rudiger Schmitt (1989) David Apirion (1988) David H. Figurski (1990) Wil N. Konings (1990) June R. Scott (1990) Stuart J. Austin (1990) Timothy J. Foster (1989) Dennis J. Kopecko (1990) Peter Setlow (1990) Frederick M. Ausubel (1989) Robert T. Fraley (1988) V"i Krishnapillai (1988) James A. Shapiro (1988) Barbara Bachmann (1990) David I. Friedman (1989) Terry Ann Krulwich (1990) Louis A. Sherman (1988) Manfred E. Bayer (1988) Masamitsu Futai (1988) Mary E. Lidstrom (1990) Howard A. Shuman (1988) Margret H. Bayer (1989) Robert Gennis (1988) Lasse Lindahl (1990) Thdmas J. Silhavy (1990) Claire M. Berg (1989) Costa Georgopolous (1990) Jack London (1990) Issar Smith (1990) Helmut Bertrand (1988) Jane Gibson (1988) Sharon Long (1989) John L. Spudich (1988) Donald A. Bryant (1988) Robert D. Goldman (1988) Paul S. Lovett (1990) Catherine Squires (1990) Joseph M. Calvo (1990) Susan Gottesman (1989) Paul W. Ludden (1990) Anne 0. Summers (1990) A. M. Chakrabarty (1989) E. Peter Greenberg (1988) Ben J. J. Lugtenberg (1989) Robert Switzer (1990) Mick Chandler (1990) Nigel Grindley (1990) Robert Macnab (1988) Godfried D. Vogels (1990) Keith F. Chater (1988) Carol Gross (1990) Abdul Matin (1990) Judy D. Wall (1990) Terrence G. Cooper (1990) Robert P. Gunsalus (1990) Philip Matsumura (1989) Barry Wanner (1990) John E. Cronan, Jr. (1989) Scott R. Hagedorn (1988) Larry McKay (1990) Bernard Weisblum (1989) Jorge H. Crosa (1988) Barry G. Hall (1988) S. Mizushima (1988) Peter A. Williams (1989) Walter B. Dempsey (1989) R. E. W. Hancock (1990) Edward A. Morgan (1990) Malcolm Winkler (1988) Patrick Dennis (1988) Richard S. Hanson (1988) Gisela Mosig (1988) David Womble (1989) Gary'Ditta (1990) Shige Harayama (1990) Robert A. Niederman (1988) David R. Woods (1989) Timothy Donohue (1990) Robert Haselkorn (1990) Hiroshi Nikaido (1989) Henry C. Wu (1990) W. Ford Doolittle (1988) Gerald L. Hazelbauer (1990) John S. Parkinson (1990) Duane C. Yoch (1989) David A. Dubnau (1989) Dennis Henner (1988) Allen T. Phillips (1988) Ryland Young (1990) Martin Dworkin (1988) James Hopper (1988) Linda Randall (1990) Howard Zalkin (1988) Alan D. Elbein (1989) Martha M. Howe (1990) Charles 0. Rock (1990) Bert Ely (1988) Karin Ibler (1990) Barry P. Rosen (1989) Wolfgang Epstein (1990) A. W. B. Johnston (1989) Lucia B. Rothman-Denes (1989)

Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications Board Kirk Jensen, Director ofPublications Linda M. Illig, Managing Editor, Journals Sara Joslyn, Production Editor

The Journal of Bacteriology (ISSN 0021-9193), a publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006, is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning bacteria and other microorganismns. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Publications Department. The Journal is published monthly, one volume per year. The nonmember subscription price is $340 per year; single copies are $30. The member subscription price is $41 (foreign, $63 [air drop shipping]) per year; single copies are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006 (phone: 202 833-9680). Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because of failure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Journal ofBacteriology, ASM, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006. Made in the United States of America. Copyright © 1988, American Society for Microbiology. a* 1 ;;9$ rz,Ji&±IsI1.f ' (U1 All Rights Reserved. The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the arti- cle may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index

Aasland, Rein, 5916 Evans, H. J., 5594 Lee, Stephen C., 5806 Randall, Linda L., 5654 Abee, Tjakko, 5647 LeGall, J., 5545 Ray, Jill M., 5500 Actis, Luis A., 5539 Faucher, Catherine, 5489 Leisinger, Thomas, 5698 Richardson, Delwood L., Jr., Alexieva, Zlatka, 5642 Favreau, M. Anne, 5572 Levy, Stuart B., 5416 5564 Ally, Abdul, 5557 Finch, Lloyd R., 5922 Lewis, Ruthven N. A. H., Riegman, Nico, 5870 Ally, Delphine, 5557 Francesconi, Stephen C., 5963 5739 Rogers, Elizabeth J., 5642 Ambulos, Nicholas P., Jr., Furuichi, Teiichi, 5620 Li, Shengfeng, 5552 Rosenberg, Charles, 5489, 5642 Little, John W., 5913 5718 Andou, Naoko, 5883 Garcfa-Horsman, Arturo, 5908 Liu, M.-C., 5545 Ruiz-Herrera, Jose, 5946 Aoyama, Akira, 5564 Gauss, Peter, 5830 Lovett, Michael A., 5789 Russell, S. A., 5594 Armitage, Judith P., 5673 Gennaro, Maria Laura, 5709 Lovett, Paul S., 5642 Ryu, Jun-ichi, 5785 Arnold, Judy W., 5765, 5771 George, Rajan, 5739 Luisi-DeLuca, Cynthia, 5797 Ausubel, Frederick M., 5718 Ghosal, D.,' 5409 Lundie, Leon L., Jr., 5705 Saito, Hiuga, 5935 Gill, James S., 5953 Lupas, Andrei, 5928 Sanders-Loehr, Joann, 5539 Baldauf, Sandra L., 5588 Lupski, James R., 5759 Sankar, Pushpam, 5433, 5440, Barquera, Blanca, 5908 Giroux, Sylvie, 5601 Givskov, Michael, 5855 Lurquin, Paul F., 5669 5446 Bauerle, Ronald, 5500 Sasaki, Takashi, 5939 Beaudet, Julie, 5601 Godal, Tore, 5919 Godson, G. Nigel, 5759 MacAlister, Thomas J., 5963 Sasaki, Yasuko, 5939 Becker, M. M., 5594 Schlegel, Hans G., 5837 Bender, Robert A., 5588 Gofshtein-Gandman, Lia V., MacNeil, Douglas J., 5607 5895 Maeda, Mitsuo, 5960 Schmitt, Michael P., 5579 Berg, Susan T., 5507 Scholtz, Rudolf, 5698 Bergmans, Hans, 5870 Gold, Larry, 5830 Mahajan, Sandeep, 5739 Graham, Lennox, 5613 Maier, Robert, J., 5613 Schubert, Peter, 5837 Bhattacharjee, J. K., 5968 Seki, Tatsuya, 5935 Boursier, P., 5594 Gross, Dennis C., 5680 Maillet, Fabienne, 5489, 5718 Gruber, Heribert, 5830 Marahiel, Mohamed A., 5662 Setlow, Barbara, 5963 Boyd, Jessica, 5949 Setlow, Peter, 5963 Brasch, Michael A., 5806 Guillaume, Jean, 5925 Martin, Gregory B., 5452 Gunsalus, I. C., 5409 Maruyama, Y., 5778 Shanmugam, K. T., 5433, Bullas, Leonard R., 5785 McCloskey, James A., 5633 5440, 5446 Haldenwang, William G., 5863 McElhaney, Ronald N., 5739 Shimkets, Lawrence J., 5552, Cano, Carmen, 5946 McMurry, Laura M., 5416 5765, 5771 Capuano, Veronique, 5512 Hanus, F. J., 5594 Hayashi, Masaki, 5564 Miller, James N., 5789 Shioi, Junichi, 5507 Cardani, Mary Ann, 5588 Mills, Dallice, 5479' Shirahige, Yoh-Ichi, 5883 Cedergren, Robert, 5601 Heinonen, Jukka K., 5705, 5901 Milner, Yoram, 5895 Silhavy, Thomas J., 5928, Chapman, Ken A., 5452 Mojumdar, Monalisa, 5522 5971 Chatterjee, Arun K., 5689 Hellingwerf, Klaas J., 5647 Herrera-Estrella, Alfredo, Molin, S0ren, 5855 Sloma, Alan, 5557 Chelm, Barry K., 5452 Moore, Patricia H., 5633 Smith, Cassandra L., 5916 Clark, Alvin J., 5797 5822 Herrera-Estrella, Luis, 5946 Moreillon, Philippe, 5931 Stader, Joan, 5928 Cohen, Seth P., 5416 Morgan, Michael K., 5689 Steinbuchel, Alexander, 5837 Cohen, Stanley N., 5806, 5814 Higgins, N. Patrick, 5751 Stewart, Richard Hill, Sylvia A., 5913 Morris, Troy D., 5633 C., 5728 Coleman, Jack, 5916 Mortlock, Robert P., 5423 Sugimura, Keijiro, 5625 Cook, Alasdair M., 5698 Hillyard, David, 5751 Hoekstra, Wiel, 5870 Moura, I., 5545 Sugio, Tsuyoshi, 5956 Cook, Linda Sarles, 5468, Moura, J. J. G., 5545 Sweetser, Douglas, 5919 5473 Holck, Askild L., 5916 Brian 5739 Houmard, Jean, 5512 Mukhopadhyay, Pradip, 5479 Sykes, D., Costa, C., 5545 Murphy, John R., 5949 Coursin, Thdrese, 5512 Mustafa, Abu Salim, 5919 Tabita, F. Robert, 5468, 5473 Courtois, Bernard, 5925 Igo, Michele M., 5971 Takahashi, Hideo, 5935 Courtois, Josiane, 5925 Ilta, Ilpo, 5901 Nakano, Michiko M., 5662 Taketomo, Naoki, 5939 Coutinho, I. B., 5545 Im, Hana, 5473 Tano, Tatsuo, 5956 Crosa, Jorge H., 5529, 5539 Inagaki, Kenji, 5956 Nanjoh, Akimi, 5883 Nerland, Audun H., 5919 Taylor, Barry L., 5507 Crosa, Lidia M., 5539 Inatomi, Ken-ichi, 5960 Thom, Julia R., 5654 Cummings, Cheryl W., 5863 Inouye, Masayori, 5620 Nesin, Mirjana, 5759 Nishihara, Tatsuro, 5625 Tomasz, Alexander, 5931 Cunpingham, Thomas M., Inouye, Sumiko, 5620 Tribhuwan, Rajanikant C., 5789 Ishihara, Fumiyo, 5877 Novick, Richard P., 5709 Nozawa, T., 5778 5507 Ishino-Arao, Yumiko, 5883 Truchet, Georges, 5489, 5718 Dahlquist, Frederick W., 5728 Trun, Nancy J., 5928 Dandekar, Abhaya M., 5943 Katagiri, Takayuki, 5956 O'Brian, Jeffrey J., 5633 Tsujita, Yoshihiko, 5956 Daniel, Steven L., 5747 Kato, Takeo, 5848 Ohue, Hideki, 5877, 5883 Tsukagoshi, Norihiro, 5848 Dean, Sara I., 5705 Katze, Jon R., 5633 Olsen, Lars, 5855 Debelle, Frederic, 5718 Kern, Gunther, 5830 Omer, Charles A., 5806 Udaka, Shigezo, 5848 de Billy, Franqoise, 5718 Keynan, Alex, 5895 Ono, Bun-Ichiro, 5877, 5883 Uratsu, Sandra L., 5943 Del Arenal, Patricia, 5908 Khan, Saleem A., 5522 de Marsac, Nicole Tandeau, Kirtland, G. Mark, 5633 Papen, H., 5594 Valvano, Miguel A., 5529 5512 Kitamoto, Noriyuki, 5848 Payne, Shelley M., 5579 Valve, Eeva, 5901 Denarie, Jean, 5489, 5718 Klein, Ronald D., 5572 Perkins, Edward J., 5669 van Brussel, Anton A. N., Dhundale, Anil, 5620 Kleppe, Kjell, 5916 Pero, Janice, 5557 5489 Drake, Harold L., 5705, 5747 Klug, Gabriele, 5814 Pitkaranta, Taru, 5901 Van Die, Irma, 5870 Dworkin, Martin, 5953 Kolodner, Richard D., 5797 Poole, Philip S., 5673 Van Megen, Ingrid, 5870 Konings, Wil N., 5647 Pouwels, Peter, 5870 Van Montagu, Marc, 5822 Edmonds, Charles G., 5633 Kukko-Kalske, Eila, 5901 Pozzi, Gianni, 5931 van Pee, Karl-Heinz, 5890 Egli, Christine, 5698 Kumamoto, Carol, 5928 Vasse, Jacques, 5489, 5718 Elsinghorst, Eric A., 5423 Raetz, Christian R. H., 5916 Vernade, Didier, 5822 Enger-Valk, Betty, 5870 Lahti, Reijo, 5901 Rajadas, Phillip T., 5785 Escamilla, Jose E., 5908 Lee, Jong Ho, 5440 Ramfrez, Remedios, 5908 Wackett, Lawrence P., 5698 ii

Walker, Eldon M., 5789 Xavier, A. V., 5545 Yang, Hsiuchin, 5705 Young, Richard A., 5919 Wang, Kan, 5822 Xu, Guo-Wei, 5680 Yanofsky, Charles, 5500 Wauben, Marca, 5870 Ye, Zhi-Hai, 5968 Williams, Janet, 5479 Yoshikawa, Hirofumi, 5935 Zhang, Shiping, 5460 Wolf, Marcia K., 5539 Yamagata, Hideo, 5848 You, I.-S., 5409 Zubay, Geoffrey, 5460 Wu, Zhongren, 5747 Yan, Lianfang, 5460 Youil, Rima, 5922 Zuber, Peter, 5662 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The following have served as invited special reviewers for the Journal ,uring 1988, and their help is greatly appreciated.

Ann L. Abeles Howard Bussey Peter Dimroth Richard L. Gourse Henk Jansz Julius Adler Mark P. Buttner Joseph DiRienzo Jay D. Gralla Kenn Jeffrey Nina Agabian Jerry Buysse Karen Dodds Ronald C. Greene Randall M. Jeter Sidney Altman Harlan D. Caldwell Walter Doerfler Marcelle Grenson Gerald C. Johnston Bruce Ames Richard Calendar Roy Doi John Grinsted Mark Johnston Giovanna Ferro-Luzzi Allan M. Campbell Willie Donachie Sergio Grinstein Keith Johnstone Ames Gerard Cangelosi Caroline Donnelly Arthur P. Grollman Elizabeth W. Jones Dwight Anderson Frank Cannon Reed C. Doten Dennis C. Gross George H. Jones Yasuhiro Y. Anraku Charles R. Cantor William Dove Alan Grossman Peter M. Jordan Werner Arber Marian B. Carlson John S. Downard David A. Grove Ronald H. Kaback Daniel J. Arp Russell Carlson Ron J. Doyle John R. Guest Robert J. Kadner Katharine Atkinson Casey Case Gerhart Drews Walter R. Guild Clarence I. Kado Clinton Ballou Sherwood Casjens Adam Driks Donald G. Guiney Michael L. Kahn Richard H. Baltz Charles T. Caskey Karl Drlica Gary N. Gussin Saleem A. Kahn Ian Bancroft Richard W. Castenholz Jack J. Dunn Lynne Haber Armin D. Kaiser Vytautas A. Bankaitis Doug Cauldwell Stan Dunn William Haldenwang Chris Kaiser Flora Banuett Glenn H. Chambliss Charles Earhart Paul L. Hallenbeck Dale Kaiser Z. Barak John W. Chase Harrison Echols Yeheskal Halpern Otto A. Kandler James Bardwell Bruce M. Chassy A. A. Eddy Dean H. Hamer Eva R. Kashket Philip Bassford Arun Chatterjee Stanislav D. Ehrlich Phil Hanawalt William W. Kay Deepak Bastia Dhruba K. Chattoraj Eric Eisenstadt Theo A. Hansen Noel Keen John Battista Ian Chopra Abe Eisenstark Wim H. Harder Edward Kellenberger Carl E. Bauer Gail Christie Barry I. Eisenstein Rasika M. Harshey Donald P. Kelly J. Thomas Beatty Vincent P. Cirillo Irena Ekiel Wesley G. Hatfield J. T. Keltjens Jonathan R. Beckwith A. John Clark David J. Ellar Peter J. Hawkey Christina Kennedy Joel G. Belasco Anthony Clark JoAnne Engebrecht Margo G. Haygood Eugene Kennedy Robert M. Bell Josie Clark-Curtiss Jerald C. Ensign John E. Hearst Martin Kessel Robert A. Bender Steven Clegg Harold J. Evans Fred Heffron Tobias Kieser David R. Benson Jenny D. Clement-Metral B. A. Federici Charles E. Helmstetter Douglas G. Kilburn Spencer Benson Donald B. Clewell Jared E. Fein Roger Hendrix Donald R. Kirsch Teruhiko Beppu Royston C. Clowes Michael Feiss Charles L. Hershberger Nancy Kleckner Douglas Berg Michael D. Coffey Grant Ferris Christopher F. Higgins Bruce Kline Howard C. Berg Stanley N. Cohen Robert H. Fillingame Michael L. Higgins Arthur Koch Kostia Bergman Alan Collmer Turlough Finan Robert J. Highet Tokio Kogoma Hans Bergmans Ronald Cooper Brett Finlay Eilo Hildebrand Richard Kolodner Mervyn Bibb David L. Coplin Samuel B. Formal Gilberto Hinterman Helmut Konig Thomas Bickle Pascale Cossart Patricia Foster Stephen M. Hinton Jordan Konisky Alan J. Biel James W. Coulton Maurille J. Fournier Sota Hiraga Christopher Korch Paul E. Bishop Donald Court Maurice S. Fox Rona Hirschberg Timo Korhonen Linda Bisson Charles D. Cox Daniel Fraenkel Penny J. Hitchcock Daniel E. Koshland Glenn R. Bjork Graeme Cox Ernst Freese James A. Hoch Susan F. Koval Fred Blattner Nicholas R. Cozzarelli Irwin Fridovich David Hodgson Stephen C. August A. Bock Alain Cozzone Cornelius G. Friedrich Ronald Hoess Kowalczykowski Peter Boger Irving P. Crawford Georg Fuchs Philippe Hoet Lee R. Kroos Joan M. Boggs Stanley T. Crooke Anthony V. Furano Werner Hoffman Andrew M. Kropinski Winfried Boos Stan Cryz Clement E. Furlong M. Hofnung Herbert E. Kubitschek Ian W. Booth Laszlo N. Csonka Jonathan Gallant I. Barry Holland Peter L. Kuempel Lionello Bossi Richard Cunningham Jeffrey Gardner Bruce W. Holloway Michael Kuhn Kenneth F. Bott Harry A. Dailey N. J. Gay Randall K. Holmes Carol A. Kumamoto Jean P. Bouche Fevzi Daldal Martin Gellert Arne Holmgren Yankel Kupersztoch Graham J. Boulnois Lacy Daniels Robert Genors Stanley C. Holt Donn J. Kushner Joseph M. Bove Ann Danzig David T. Gibson Joachim V. Holtje Sidney R. Kushner David H. Boxer Richard D'Ari Michael Gill Ulfert Hornemann Sydney G. Kustu Erik Boye Victor L. Davidson Ronald E. Gill John E. Houghton Harald Labischinski Stephen M. Boyle Rowland H. Davis Charles Gilvarg F. Marion Hulett Sanford A. Lacks Marjorie Brandriss John Davison Thomas L. Glass Charles R. Hutchinson Joseph Lam Volkmar Braun Donald F. Day Jane Glazebrook Frank Hutchinson Alan Lambowitz Patrick J. Brennan Frank B. Dazzo Alex N. Glazer Robert Hutkins Arthur Landy Nathan Brot Dennis R. Dean Florence K. Gleason John J. landolo Timothy J. Larson Gene M. Brown Donald H. Dean Ulf Gobel Julia M. Inamine David Leach Robert C. Brunham Frits K. De Graaf Werner Goebel John L. Ingraham Donald J. Leblanc James L. Brunton Gerard H. de Haas Larry Gold Masayori Inouye Jeane-Pierre Lecocq William Brusilow Bruce Demple Howard Goldfine Randall T. Irvin Nancy Lee Bob B. Buchanan Walter Dempsey Hughes Goldie Edward E. Ishiguro John A. Leigh Helen R. Buckley Jean Denaire E. William Goodell Janice Ito Terrence Leighton Bernd Bukau Murray P. Deutscher Sol H. Goodgal George Jacoby Joseph W. Lengeler Vickers Burdett Raymond Devoret Max Gottesman Richard James John Leong Richard Burgess Gert E. De Vries Gerhard Gottschalk Gary Jansen Leonard Lerman Thomas G. Lessie Noreen Murray Christian A. Raetz Keeinatham T. Thomas A. Trautner Steve Levy Robert E. G. Murray K. V. Rajagopalan Shanmugan Peter W. Trudgill Stuart Levy David P. Nagle, Jr. Uttam RajBhandary Lucille Shapiro Robert Trumbly Margaret Lieb Teruko Nakazawa Bodo Rak Fred Sherman Joseph G. Tully Edmund C. C. Lin Nanne Nanninga Elizabeth Raleigh Diane Shevell Olli H. Tuovinen Tomas Lindahl Howard Nash R. Nagaraja Rao Lawrence J. Shimkets Charles Turnbough Gerald D. Shockman Jan Ross Turner Stuart M. Linn Frederick C. Neidhardt Shmuel Razin H. Edward Umbarger Peter E. Lipke Ellen L. Neidle Jason Reed Janet Shrader Ethan Signer R. Chris van der Drift John Little John B. Neilands John N. Reeve Marc Van Montagu Robert G. Lloyd Joseph B. Neilands Henry C. Reeves Julie C. Silver Alexander Varshavsky Susan Long David R. Nelson Peter R. Reeves Simon Silver G. Venema M. A. Lovett W. David Nes R. L. Regnery Michael Silverman Malabi Venkatesan Sue Lovett Eugene W. Nester Peter E. Reynolds Melvin I. Simon Desh Pal Verma K. Brooks Low Francis C. Neuhaus William S. Reznikoff Robert D. Simoni Michael Volkert Donald Lueking John W. Newland Charles Richardson Robert W. Simons William Waites Carl J. Lusty Austin Newton Paul D. Rick Nigel Skipper Robert G. Wake Joseph F. Lutkenhaus Kenneth W. Nickerson Sidney C. Rittenberg Ronald A. Skurray James R. Walker P. Lutty Knud H. Nierhaus Jeffrey Roberts Clifford L. Slayman Susan Wallace Alberto J. L. Macario Donald P. Nierlich Marilyn C. Roberts John K. Smit Anthony E. Walsby Russell T. MacKenzie Alexander Ninfa G. Shirleen Roeder Cassandra Smith Christopher T. Walsh George Mackie Makoto Nishiyama Palmer Rogers, Jr. Gerald R. Smith James C. Wang Hamilton Smith Robert Webster Michael T. Madigan Takehiko Nohmi Antonio Romano Joel Weiner Boris Magasanik Sumihare Noji Nino Romano Paul F. Smith Paul R. Smith George Weinstock Paul T. Magee Masayasu Nomura Clive Ronson Alison Weiss Karl-Eric I. Magnusson J. Staffan Normark Julian J. Rood Esmond E. Snell Irvin S. Snyder Bernard Weiss Robert J. Maier Nancy Nossal Eugene Rosenberg Richard L. Weiss John J. Makalanos Richard Novick J. Rosenbusch John R. Sokatch Robert Weiss Louis P. Mallavia Edwin V. Oaks John R. Roth Pamela A. Sokol P. D. J. Weitzman Stanley Maloy Mark R. O'Brian Joel H. Rothman Abraham L. Sonenshein Rodney A. Welch Jack Maniloff Dennis Ohman Josette Rouviere-Yaniv Kevin Sowers Carl A. Westby John Mankovich Charles Omer Dean Rupp Philip F. Sparling Donald W. Westlake Mohammed Marahiel Fred R. Opperdoes Antoinette Ryter Brian G. Spratt Jan Westpheling Martin Marinus Paul E. Orndorff Harold L. Sadoff Dennis G. Sprott Chris M. Whitfield Robert E. Marquis Mary Jane Osborn Milton H. Saier Gary Stacey William B. Whitman Stephen A. Martin Dale Oxender Abigail A. Salyers Thressa C. Stadtman Anthony J. Wicken Warren Masker Norman R. Pace Leona D. Samson Mortimer P. Starr William T. Wickner Werner Mass William J. Page Aziz Sancar Brian Staskawicz Michael Wigler Ann Matthysse Sharon M. Panasenko Gwendolyn Sancar George Stauffer William Wilkins William R. McClure Nicholas J. Panopoulos Joann Sanders-Loehr Deborah A. Steege Neil Willetts Ronald N. McElhaney Michel Paquet Kenneth E. Sanderson Rolf Sternglanz Jim C. Williams Keven McEntee William J. Paranchych P. Sansonetti Kenneth J. Stevenson Jimmy W. Williams Joan E. McEwen James Ted Park Robert Sauer Murray Stewart Peter H. Williams Estelle J. McGroarty Donna Parke Julius D. Schachter Valley Stewart Robert P. Williams Charles S. McHenry Malcolm Paterson Alan T. 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International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology .3...... 35 ...... IJ Journal of Bacteriology ...... 41 .71 ...... JB Journal of Clinical Mi crobiology...... 35. 61 ...... JC Journal of Virology ...... 41 .71 ...... JV Microbiological Reviews ...... 16. 32 ...... MR Total Journal Fees $ - Add your $10 Membership Dues + $10 Total $ - PAYMENT IN U.S. DOLLARS MUST ACCOMPANY APPLICATION A membership card and the journal(s) of your choice will be sent within 90 days upon completion of processing. ASM dues are tax deductible to the extent permitted by law. ASM designates $7 of your dues for ASM News. Rates are for 1989 only. Applicants must remit in U.S. dollars by check or draft payable to ASM through a U.S. bank located within the Continental U.S. Applicants from Canada may use check made out in U.S. dollars and drawn on a Canadian bank or applicants may choose to pay with VISA, MasterCard, or American Express. If that is your preference, please fill in the box below. O VISA # ______EXPIRATION O MASTERCARD # I I I I I I I I I DATE: O AMEX# MO YR TODAY'S DATE IMDAYI -YEAR SIGNATURE______|__12/88 MONRTH DY EA MINIMUM CHARGE $1500 JB 12/88 __ 1989 APPLICATION FOR FULL MEMBERSHIP IN THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY 1913 I Street, NW * Washington, D.C. 20006 * (202) 833-9680 COMPLETE ALL INFORMATION REQUESTED AND RETURN FORM WITH REMITTANCE IN U.S. FUNDS Eligibility ASM welcomes to full membership anyone who is interested in its objectives and has a minimum of a bachelor's degree or equivalent in microbiology or a related field. Initiation Memberships are initiated and renewed in January each year Unless there are directions to the contrary, membership nomina- tions received prior to September 1 are credited to the current year, and back issues of the selected publications for the current year are furnished, if available. Nominations received after September 1 will become effective the following January. NAME MS. (CIRCLE ONE) MRS. MR. FIRST INITIAL LAST MAIL NAME AS YOU WANT IT TO APPEAR ON YOUR MAILING LABEL ADDRESS WHERE YOU WANT TO RECEIVE YOUR SUBSCRIPTIONS

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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ...... $35 $61 $ AA Applied and Environmental Microbiology .3...... 61 ...... AE

Molecular and Cellular Biology ...... 43 .71 ...... _ CB

Clinical Microbiology Reviews ...... 16 .32 ...... _

Infection and Immunity ...... 41 .70 ...... _ IA International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology.... 35...... 35 ...... _ IJ

Journal of Bacteriology ...... 41 .71 ...... JB Journal of Clinical Microbiology.... 35...... 61 ...... JC

Journal of Virology ...... 41 .71 ...... Microbiological Reviews...... 16.... 32 ...... _ MR Total Journal Fees $ - Subtract your $43 Member Journals Credit - $43 Subtotal (if less than zero, enter zero) $ - Add your $65 Membership Dues + $65 Total (Dues plus Journals). If total is less than $65.00, enter $65 $ - PAYMENT IN U.S. DOLLARS MUST ACCOMPANY APPLICATION A membership card, voting registration form, ASM Placement Service information and the journal(s) of your choice will be sent within 90 days upon completion of processing. ASM dues are tax deductible to the extent permitted by law. ASM designates $12 of your dues for ASM Nevs. Rates are for 1989 only. Applicants must remit in U.S. dollars by check or draft payable to ASM through a U.S. bank located within the Continental U.S. Appli- cants from Canada may use check made out in U.S. dollars and drawn on a Canadian bank or applicants may choose to pay with VISA, MasterCard, or American Express. If that is your preference, please fill in the box below. O VISA # EXPIRATION O MASTERCARD # DATE: O AMEX # MO YR TODAY'S DATE I SIGNATURE MINIMUM_CHARGE______I MONTH DAY YEAR MINIMUM CHARGE $15.00 JB 12/88 AUTHOR INDEX VOLUME 170

Aasland, Rein, 5916 Ayala, Juan A., 3333 Berg, Barbara L., 4437 Abee, Tjakko, 5647 Berg, C. M., 468 Abou-Zamzam, Ahmed M., 3294 Babcock, Martin J., 2802 Berg, Susan T., 5507 Actis, Luis A., 1913, 5539 Baccino, Daniel, 5236 Bergeron, Raymond J., 3711 Adachi, Takahiro, 935 Badfa, J., 2159, 2884 Bergman, Kostia, 3249 Adams, Craig, W., 203 Bailone, Adriana, 4392 Bergmans, Hans, 5870 Adhya, Sankar, 1417 Baker, C. Jacyn, 4748 Berka, Thomas, 21 Adjimani, Jonathan P., 1377 Baker, Jeffrey C., 2344 Bernard, Theophile, 3142 Adler, Lars-Ake, 5337 Balasubramanyam, P. V., 3274 Bernlohr, R. W., 4113 Adsit, Jean C., 5161 Baldauf, Sandra A., 2240 Betlach, Mary, 4903, 4910 Agabian, Nina, 4706 Baldauf, Sandra L., 5588 Betley, Marsha J., 34, 2954 Aguilar, J., 416, 2159, 2884 BaldomA, L., 416, 2159, 2884 Betts, Paul W., 218 Ahmad, Darakhshan, 3443 Baldwin, William W., 452 Bever, Robert A., 4309 Ahmed, Sohail, 2448 Ballou, Clinton E., 1393 Beveridge, Terrance J., 834, 4165 Ahrweiler, Patricia M., 3301 Ballou, David P., 4458 Beyreuther, K., 1746 Akiyama, Kiyotaka, 4537 Balodimos, Iphigenia A., 2301 Bhagwat, Ashok S., 4967 Alaeddinoglu, N. Gurdal, 482, 1018 Baltz, Richard H., 2276 Bhasin, Ramaninder, 5076 Alam, Jawed, 3448 Band, Louise, 136 Bhattacharjee, J. K., 5968 Alam, Kiswar Y., 3601 Banks, S. W., 2395 Bhriain, Niamh Ni, 2816 Albright, Lisa M., 1279 Bankston, Patrick W., 452 Biel, Alan, 4382 Aldea, Marta, 5169 Bannwarth, Wilhelm, 2212 Biel, Susan W., 4382 Alderete, Jason, 4373 Barbd, Jordi, 1346, 1354 Biemann, Klaus, 2406 Aldrich, Teri L., 1297 Barber, Ted S., 4315 Bilous, Peter T., 1505, 1511 Alexieva, Zlatka, 5642 Barbes, Covadonga, 1339 Bird, P., 1311 Aliabadi, Zarrintaj, 842 Barcak, Gerald J., 365, 372 Birkenhead, Kate, 184 Allan, Brenda, 3668 Bardwell, James C. A., 2977 Bishop, Paul E., 27, 1475 Allardet-Servent, Annick, 4603 Barile, M. F., 2692 Bishop, Russell E., 1505 Allen, Bradley L., 3547 Barja, Juan L., 1920 Bisson, Linda F., 2654, 4838, 5396 Allen, E. Randall, 2705 Bar-Ness, Ronit, 4361 Bitoun, Remy, 3870 Allmansberger, Rudolf, 568 Barns, Susan, 3584 Bjork, Glenn R., 3025 Ally, Abdul, 5557 Barquera, Blanca, 5908 Bjornsti, M.-A., 4757 Ally, Delphine, 5557 Barr, Gordon C., 2816 Black, Paul N., 2850 Alonso, Juan C., 3001 Barr, Kathleen, 228, 4008 Blakemore, Richard P., 834 Altamura, Sergio, 4353 Barra, Ricardo, 3269 Blanchard, A., 2692 Amako, Kazunobu, 3567, 4960 Barrett, Ericka L., 213 Blanot, Didier, 2031 Amasino, Richard M., 790 Barrette, William C., Jr., 3655 Blasco, Belen, 5224 Ambulos, Nicholas P., Jr., 2933, 5642 Bartlett, Douglas H., 1575 Blaseio, Ulrike, 3718 Amemura, Mitsuko, 4322 Basafova, Gabriela, 5192 Blaut, Michael, 1369 Ames, Bruce N., 736, 2344 Bastarrachea, Fernando, 821 Blazquez, Jesds, 1275 Amsterdam, Adam, 3485 Bastien, Cathryn A., 141 Bleicher, Frangoise, 89 Anderson, B. E., 4493 Batley, Michael, 1848 Blum, Paul H., 5125 Anderson, Dawn J., 2254 Bauer, Wolfgang D., 3164 Bobik, Thomas A., 2711, 3946 Andetson, Denise G., 4890 Bauerle, Ronald, 5500 B3ock, August, 540, 5330 Anderson, Wayne F., 2448 Baum, Ellen Z., 71 Bockrath, R., 5371 Anderson, William L., 598 Baumann, Linda, 2045 Bognar, Andrew, 967 Andou, Naoko, 5883 Baumann, Paul, 2045 Bokranz, Martin, 568 Andrup, Lars, 1333 Baumner, Gerhard, 568 Bomberg, Anders, 4562 Angov, Evelina, 459 Baumstark, B. R., 4493 Bonitz, Susan, 4874 Ankel-Fuchs, Dorothe, 568 Beachey, Edwin H., 676 Boos, Winfried, 883, 4125 Ankenbauer, Robert G., 5344, 5364 Beall, Bernard, 4855 Boquet, Paul L., 4916 Anraku, Yasuhiro, 2676, 2683, 2687, 5185 Beaman, Blaine L., 1137 Bornemann, M. Cramer, 5289 Aoyama, Akira, 5564 Beatty, J. Thomas, 877 Bottacin, Annalisa, 3396 Aparicio, Jesus F., 1339 Beaudet, Julie, 5601 Boulnois, Graham J., 1305 Appelbaum, Edward R., 12 Becerril, Baltazar, 985 Bouloc, Philippe, 65 Armitage, Judith P., 5673 Becker, M. M., 5594 Bourg, Gisele, 4603 Arnold, Gail Ferstandig, 4266 Bedale, Wendy A., 223 Bourgouin, Catherine, 3575 Arnold, Judy W., 5765, 5771 Bdguin, Pierre, 4576, 4582 Bourret, Robert B., 1672, 1683 Aronson, Arthur I., 916 Behal, Vladislav, 5192 Boursier, P., 5594 Arp, Daniel J., 3891 Belaich, J. P., 2827 Bowdin, Linda J., 2763 Arraiano, Cecilia M., 4625 Bower, Stanley G., 3243 Arthur M., 1739 Bellini, W. J., 4493 Boyd, Jessica, 5949 Arvidson, Staffan, 5337 Bellis, Michel, 4603 Boye, Erik, 852, 2549 Asami, Yukio, 775 Belunis, Charles J., 828 Boyer, Herbert, 4903, 4910 Asano, Yasuhisa, 3189 Bender, Robert A., 2240, 3774, 4986, 5588 Brada, Daniela, 2775 Ashby, Alison M., 4181 Benedik, Michael J., 4141 Brady, Rhonda A., 2379 Atkinson, Merelee M., 4748 Benesi, Alan J., 4569 Brahamsha B., 4023 Atlung, Tove, 1333 Bennett, George N., 4613 Brahmbhatt, Himanshu N., 98 Ausubel, Frederick M., 5718 Benson, Spencer A., 528, 3611 Brandsma, Jourica A., 1012 Avila, Pilar, 1350 Bentley, Alice T., 1063 Brasch, Michael A., 5806 Avrahamy, Naftali, 4361 Benz, Roland, 84 Braun, Volkmar, 2716, 3177, 5146 Axley, Milton J., 1007 Berenguer, Jose, 2441 Bravo, Alejandra, 980, 985 ii AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL .

Brawner, Mary E., 203, 3924 Chaudhry, G. Rasul, 3897 Crosby, Louise K., 2229 Bremer, Erhard, 108 Chebrou, Marie-Christine, 4576, 4582 Crossley, Robin E., 2106 Brill, Julie A., 2599 Chelm, Barry K., 5452 Csonka, Laszlo N., 2374, 2379 Brinton, Charles C., Jr., 3350 Chen, Hancai, 1848 Cubbage, Sharon, 4165 Brisson-Noel, A., 1739 Chen, Jiun-Wei, 4798 Cull, Millard G., 5279 Broadwell, Andrew H., 2045 Chen, Lingling, 126 Cummings, Cheryl W., 5863 Brody, Howard, 2040 Chen, Min-Wei, 3810 Cunningham, Philip R., 3601 Brot, Nathan, 4065 Chen, Thomas, 352 Cunningham, Richard P., 4542, 5141 Brothers, Paul, 4376 Chen, Victor J., 3817 Cunningham, Thomas M., 5789 Brouwer, Jaap, 1012 Chen, Y.-C. Jack, 781 Curtis, Stephanie E., 3448 Brown, David P., 2287 Chernak, Jeffrey M., 5368 Cusi, M. Grazia, 1969 Brunel, Francoise, 4924 Chevalier, Dominique, 1153 Cuskey, Stephen M., 393, 3742 Brusilow, William S. A., 459 Chiang, Shu-Jen D., 2287 Cutting, Simon M., 796, 802 Bryan, Lawrence E., 512 Chiong, Mario, 3269 Bryan, Sharon K., 456 Chisnell, John R., 27 Dahl, Jean, 2022 Bryant, Marvin P., 2472 Christie, Peter J., 2659, 5161 Dahlbeck, D., 4846 Bryson, Mary F., 234 Chung, Chin Ha, 921 Dahlberg, James E., 2083, 3110 Brzoska, Pius, 4125 Chung, Shiau-Ta, 1955 DahlquiNt, Frederick W., 5728 Buchanan, Bob B., 2406 Chung, Taeowan, 386, 2763 Dai, Dexi, 2197 Buikema, William J., 4406 Cirillo, Vincent P., 5375 Dalbey, Ross E., 4395 Bullas, Leonard R., 5785 Cisar, John O., 2229, 3803 Daldal, Fevzi, 2388 Bullerahn, George S., 4466 Clark, Alvin J., 5797 Dale, Emily C., 3543 Bulthuis, R. A., 2359 Clark, David P., 3601 Danchin, Antoine, 3827 Burdett, Vickers, 676 Clegg, Steven, 3547 Dandekar, Abhaya M., 5943 Burgess, Richard R., 534 Cleton-Jansen, Anne-Marie, 2121 Daniel, Anne S., 1775 Burgett, Stanley G., 3817 Clewell, Don B., 245, 3046, 4343 Daniel, Steven L., 5747 Bush, C. Allen, 2229 Click, Eva Marie, 2005 Daniels, Gregory A., 1698 Busscher, Henk J., 2462 Coene, Marc M., 1934 Dankocsik, Cathy, 4732 Byers, David M., 967 Cohen, Seth P., 5416 D'Ari, Richard, 65, 3094 Byrne, Carolyn R., 3150 Cohen, Stanley N., 2174, 4634, 5806, 5814 Dasch, Gregory A., 5012 Cole, Stewart T., 2448 Datta, Atin R., 2568 Cabane, Kettly, 1046 Coleman, Jack, 1268, 5916 Datta, Prasanta, 5352, 5360 Caetano-Anolles, Gustavo, 3164 Coleman, James P., 611, 2070, 4555 Davies, R. W., 2984 Cai, Yuping, 1239 Collins, Carleen M., 1041 Davila, Guillermo, 1191 Caillet, Joel, 4147 Collmer, Alan, 4748 Davis, John, 320 Calderwood, Stephen B., 1015 Conway, T., 1926 Davis, Lawrence C., 4015 Calendar, Richard, 3479, 3543 Cook, Alasdair M., 5698 Davis, Nicholas G., 4231 Calvin, Noel M., 2796 Cook, Linda Sarles, 5468, 5473 Davison, John, 4924 Cammarano, Piero, 4353 Cook, Richard G., 4072 Day, Donal F., 5006 Campana, Anna, 2267 Cooksey, Donald A., 2879, 4399 Dean, Sara I., 5705 Cano, Carmen, 5946 Cooper, Ronald A., 5317 Debarbouille, Michel, 5093 Capobianco, John O., 2185 Cooper, Stephen, 422, 436, 3509, 5001 Debelld, Freddric, 5718. Capuano, Veronique, 5512 Cooper, Terrance G., 266 de Billy, Francoise, 5718 Carbrera, Milagros, 5405 Coplin, David L., 865 de Boer, Piet A. J., 2106 Cardani, Mary Ann, 5588 Cortay, Jean-Claude, 89 de Cespedes, Gilda, 3930 Cardemil, Liliana, 1239 Corvo, Donna L., 598 Dedonder, Raymond, 5093 Carlier, C., 4388 Cosloy, Sharon D., 1021, 2543, 4969 de Felice, Maurilio, 5197 Carlson, Donald E., 2406 Costa, C., 5545 Defrancesco, Nanette, 3297 Carman, George M., 828, 1878, 3561 Couch, Jodi L., 2954 de Graaf, Frits K., 4153 Carrasco, Claudio D., 5034 Coulton, James W., 2267 DeHoff, Bradley S., 4681 Carter, H. Luke, III, 1054, 1617 Courchesne, William E., 708 Deich, Robert A., 489 Cary, Jeffrey W., 4613 Courcoux, Pascale, 1704 Deininger, Caroline A., 669 Caskey, C. Thomas, 4537 Coursin, Therese, 5512 de la Campa, Adela G., 5169 Cass, Laura G., 4174 Court, Donald L., 908 de la Cruz, Fernando, 1350 Cassell, Gail H., 4373 Courtois, Bernard, 5925 de la Maza, Luis M., 1389 Castafio, Irene, 821 Courtois, Josiane, 5925 Del Arenal, Patricia, 5908 Cedergren, Robert, 5601 Courvalin, P., 1739, 4388 Delecluse, Armelle, 3575 Chait, Brian T., 2143 Coutinho, I. B., 5545 de Lencastre, Herminia, 2855 Chakrabarty, A. M., 1297 Covarrubias, Alejandra A., 821 Delgado, Jorge, 5080 Chamberlin, Michael J., 1560, 1568 Cox, Charles D., 5344, 5364 DeLong, Edward F., 720 Champness, Wendy C., 1168 Cox, G. B., 2283 de 56 Cozzone, Alain J., 89 Lorenzo, Victor, Chan, Yiu-Kwok, 927 Craig, Elizabeth A., 2977 de los Reyes-Gavilan, Clara G., 1339 Chahdler, Mark S., 3136 Craig, Nancy L., 352, 2832 de Maagd, Ruud A., 3782, 4424 Chang, Christina L., 4015 Craigen, William J., 4537 Demain, Arnold L., 482, 1018 Chang, Ying-Ying, 3937 Cram, David S., 4718 Demarez, Marc, 2939 Chapman, John W., 4194 Crawford, R. L., 4954 de Marsac, Nicole Tandeau, 5512 Chapman, Ken A., 5452 Crielaard, Wim, 1820 DeMoss, John A., 1721 Charon, Nyles W., 4072, 4548 Crist-Estes, Deborah K., 3164 Demple, Bruce, 2898, 3294 Chartrain, Nicole, 12 Cronan, John E., Jr., 2866, 3937 Denarie, Jean, 1153, 5489, 5718 Chassy, Bruce M., 4976 Crosa, Jorge H., 1913, 1920, 3769, 5153, Dennis, Douglas E., 4431 Chatterjee, Arun K., 5689 5529, 5539 Denny, Timothy P., 1445, 4501, 4748 Chattoraj, Dhruba K., 3554 Crosa, Lidia M., 3769, 5539 de Pedro, Miguel A., 2441, 3333, 5224 VOL. 170, 1988 AUTHOR INDEX iii

De Reuse, Hilde, 3827 Eidhin, Deirdre Ni, 4165 Foster, Paul G., 3040 Dermoun, Z., 2827 Eiglmeier, Karin, 2448 Foster, Victoria E., 171 de Ruijter, Martina, 1012 Eisenbach, Michael, 3627 Fox, Maurice S., 1672, 1683 Desai, J. D., 1290 Eisenbraun, Ann, 653 Francesconi, Stephen C., 5963 Deshusses, Jacques, 5236 Eisenstadt, Eric, 3415 Francis, Greg, 1730 Desomer, Jan, 2401 El-Hajj, Hiyam H., 1069 Franco, Robert J., 4983 Dessaux, Yves, 2939 Elie, Christiane, 946 Frank, Dara W., 4477 Desviat, Lourdes R., 3333 Ellar, David J,, 727 Frank, Rainer, 2758 Deutscher, Murray P., 522 Elmes, Lynne, 2448 Franklund, Clifton V., 4555 Dev, Inderjit K., 5067 Elsinghorst, Eric A., 5423 Frantz, Betsy B., 1575 Devoret, Raymond, 4392 Emery, Thomas, 1377 Fraser, Judith M., 1405 de Vries, Gert E., 3731 Enard, Corine, 2419 Frazier, Mark W., 1384 De Vrij, W., 2359 Enger-Valk, Betty, 5870 Freese, Ernst, 2705 de Waard, Adrian, 2527, 2533 Ennis, Don G., 1 Freundlich, Martin, 4950, 5076 de Weger, Letty A., 4693 Ensign, J. C., 3053 Frey, Bruno, 2078 Dhaese, Patrick, 2401 Erickson, James W., 3479, 3640 Frieden, Carl, 3301 Dhundale, Anil, 5620 Errington, Jeff, 796, 1162 Friedman, David I., 5051 Dfaz, Clara L., 2994 Esaki, Nobuyoshi, 751 Fritz, Hans-Joachim, 2639 Dickinson, Douglas P., 1658 Escalante-Semerena, Jorge C., 2711 Frolik, Charles A., 3817 Dingler, Christoph, 2148 Escamilla, Jose E., 5908 Frund, Claudia, 685 Diolez, Annick, 2419 Eshoo, Mark W., 5208 Fu, Ying-Hui, 657 Dionis, John B., 3711 Evans, H. J., 5594 Fuchs, James A., 308 Distel, D. L., 2506 Expert, Dominique, 2419 Fuentes, Marie D., 4072 Ditta, G. S., 3523 Fuerst, J. A., 1488 Djordjevic, Steven P., 1848 Fahey, Robert C., 3459 Fujii, Wataru, 3864 Doble, Bradley W., 4415 Falcone, Deane L., S Fujino, Masatoshi, 3694 Doherty, Daniel, 4249 Falkow, Stanley, 1041, 2904, 3032 Fukui, Kazuhiro, 4589 Doi, Masaki, 4619 Falmagne, Paul, 2725 Fukui, Sakuzo, 547 Doi, Roy H., 1617 Fang, Guo-Hua, 1007 Fuller-Pace, Frances V., 1775 Dolph, Patrick J., 865 Faraldo, Maria Luisa M., 2441 Funnell, Barbara E., 954 Domdey, Horst, 155 Farley, John E., 489 Furuichi, Teiichi, 5620 Donald, Robert G. K., 1197 Farr, Spencer B., 1837 Furukawa, Kensuke, 3199 Donly, B. Cameron, 2485 Farrand, Stephen K., 1759, 2939 Futai, Masamitsu, 179 Donnini, Claudia, 3789 Faucher, Catherine, 5489 Donohue, Timothy J., 320, 4681 Favreau, M. Anne, 5572 Gafny, Ron, 3262 Donovan, William P., 4732 Faxen, Margareta, 3756 Gaines, C. Greg, 463 Dooley, James S. G., 499, 2625, 2631 Felbeck', H., 2506 Galen, James, 1495 Doran, Colette C., 2185 Fennessey, Paul V., 2229 Gallant, Jonathan, 4714 Dorman, Charles J., 2816 Fenton, Anita C., 2012 Gallie, Daniel R., 3170 Dougan, Gordon, 2467 Ferenci, Thomas, 1730 Garcia-Bustos, Jose F., 2143 Downard, John S., 4931, 4939 Ferrari, Eugenio, 289, 296, 5102 Garcfa-Horsman, Arturo, 5908 Doyle, Charles M., 3891 Ferris, F. G., 4165 Garges, Susan, 1417 Drake, Harold L., 234, 5705, 5953 Ferry, James G., 3384, 3390 Garner, Mark M., 3110 Drapeau, Gabriel R., 4338 Feutrier, Josiane, 4216 Garrett, S., 439 Drews, Gerhart, 1698, 2718 Filpula, David, 471 Gartner, Dagmar, 3102 Driessen, Arnold J. M., 817, 1820, 3194, Finan, Turlough M., 474, 3396 Gaudin, C., 2827 3531, 4522 Finch, Lloyd R., 5922 Gaur, Nand Kishore, 1046 Drlica, Karl, 4983 Finlay, B. Brett, 3738 Gauss, Peter, 5830 Droogmans, Louis, 4147 Finn, Charles W., 489 Gawron-Burke, Cynthia, 245, 3046 Dubnau, Eugenie, 1054 Finne, Jukka, 2646 Geiduschek, E. Peter, 1279 Dubreuil, J. Daniel, 4165 Finnerty, W. R., 638 Geissendorfer, Manfred, 3102 Duchene, Michael, 155 Fischetti, Vincent A., 2618 Geissler, Johanna F., 1709 Dueweke, Thomas J., 961 Fisher, James A., 4706 Gelvin, Stanton B., 1523 Dunlap, Paul V., 4040 Fitts, Renee, 359 Genbauffe, Frank S., 266 Dunn, John J., 1245 Flannagan, Susan E., 3046 Genco, Robert J., 1658 Dunny, Gary M., 5161 Fletcher, Madilyn, 2027 Genilloud, Olga, 1275 Duplay, Pascale, 4445 Flickinger, Jeannette L., 4976 Gennaro, Maria Laura, 5709 Duran, Angel, 1945, 1950 Flieger, Miroslav, 5192 Gennis, Robert B., 961 Durrenberger, M., 4757 Flores, Enrique, 1239 Gentz, Reiner, 2212 Duvall, Elizabeth J., 2933 Flores, Margarita, 1191 George, Rajan, 5739 Dworkin, Martin, 5953 Fly, Susan, 5279 Georgiou, Christos D., 961 Dybvig, Kevin, 4373 Flynn, JoAnne L., 1452, 3228 Gerlach, Gerald-F., 3547 Foiry, BeEpadette, 3314 Gerlach, Petra, 108 Ebeling, Sabine, 1999 Forchhammer, Karl, 540 Ghahraman, Parvin, 3718 Eckhardt, Thomas, 3924 Fornwald, James A., 203 Ghosal, D., 5409 Eddy, Christina K., 3158 Fofsbetg, C. W., 2914, 2923 Gibert, Isidre, 1346 Edman, Ursula, 744 Forst, Steven, 5080 Gibson, Jane, 1709 Edmonds, Charles G., 5633 Forterre, Patrick, 946 Gibson, Janet L., 2153 Edwards, Mary Frances, 3991 Fosnaugh, Kathy, 1768 Giaever, Hanne M., 2841 Egli, Christine, 5698 Foster, John W., 345, 842 Gilbert, M. Pearce, 4732 Ehring, Ruth, 2639 Foster, Lisa M., 3040 Gill, James S., 5953 Ehrlich, S. D., 1183, 3978 Foster, Patricia L., 3415 Gill, Paul R., Jr., 163 iv AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Gill, Ronald E., 5279, 5289 Haas, Dieter, 2725 Hess, B., 2790 Giovannoni, Stephen J., 720, 2506, 3584 Haber, Lynne T., 197 Hess, Rebecca M., 2427 Giroux, Sylvie, 5601 Hacker, Jorg, 3983 Hickman, Robert K., 1715 Givskov, Michael, 5855 Hackett, Rebecca Hawes, 239, 1403 Higashi, Naoki, 3650 Glaser, Gad, 3262 Hadi, Sheikh M., 190 Higgins, Christopher F., 2816 Glass, N. Louise, 2367 Haese, Angela, 1360 Higgins, Don L., 3435 Glazebrook, Jane, 4249 Hager, Lowell P., 1007 Higgins, Elizabeth, 4798 Glorioso, Joseph C., 4972 Hahnenberger, Karen M., 4119 Higgins, N. Patrick, 5751 Gobius, Kari S., 1325 Haldenwang, William G., 507, 5863 Higgins, Robert, 3314 Godal, Tore, 5919 Hall, Barry G., 218 Hill, Charles W., 1235, 2040 Godovac-Zimmermann, J., 2283 Hall, Willard W., 3493 Hill, Kevin, 2742 Godson, G. Nigel, 5759 Halling, Conrad, 3479 Hill, Sylvia A., 5913 Goebel, W., 1746 Hama, Hiroko, 2236 Hill, Thomas M., 662, 4293 Gofshtein-Gandman, Lia V., 5895 Han, Shanhua, 927 Hillen, Wolfgang, 3102 Gold, Larry, 5830 Hanawalt, Philip C., 2796 Hillyard, David, 5751 Gold, S., 3468 Hancock, Robert E. W., 512, 2312, 2592 Hilton, Matthew D., 482, 1018 Goldberg, Alfred L., 921 Hand, Arthur R., 1123 Himawan, Jeff, 4239 Golden, James W., 5034 Hannum, Diane M., 3655 Himeno, Michio, 3864 Golden, K. J., 4113 Hansen, Flemming G., 852, 1333 Hines, Dwight A., 4141 Goldfine, Howard, 2770 Hanson, Mark S., 3350 Hiraga, Sota, 3094, 5272 Goldman, Robert C., 2185 Hanson, Richard S., 141, 4739 Hirata, Aiko, 5229 Goldman, S. L., 2395 Hanus, F. J., 5594 Hirose, Melissa A., 3793 Goldmann, Arlette, 1153 Hara, Hiroshi, 5392 Hirota, Yukinori, 3786, 3967, 5392 Goldrick, Dianne, 3421, 4299 Hara, Susumu, 5076 Hirschberg, Rona, 552, 558, 1858 Golub, Efim, 4392 Hardisson, Carlos, 1339 Ho, Siu-Cheong, 3882 Gonzalez, Enrique, 3269 Harms, Etti, 4798 Hobot, Jan A., 4757 Gonzalez, Tania, 345 Harms, Nellie, 3731 Hoch, James A., 289, 2%, 2560, 4194 Gonzalez, Victor, 1191 Harper, Linda L., 2306 Hodge, Rachel, 1305 Goosen, Nora, 2121 Hart, Darrenn J., 132 Hodl-Neuhofer, Astrid, 5382 Gorby, Yuri A., 834 Hartman, Cheryl, 4942 Hoekstra, Wiel, 5870 Gore, Richard S., 4569 Hartnett, Christopher, 4874 Hoet, Philippe P., 1934 Goss, Thomas J., 5352 Hartwig, Romana, 4065 Hofnung, Maurice, 4445 Gottesman, Susan, 2599 Hartzell, Patricia L., 2711 Hogenauer, Gregor, 5382 Gottschalk, Gerhard, 1369, 1438 Harvey, Steve, 1235 Hohn, Barbara, 1239 Grafstrom, Robert H., 3485 Harwood, Caroline S., 1709 Hohnadel, Dany, 4865 Graham, Lennox, 1990, 5613 Hasegawa, Midori, 5272 Holck, Askild L., 5916 Graves, A. C. F., 2395 Haselkorn, Robert, 4136, 4406, 5034 Holland, Kathleen M., 828 Graves, A. E., 2395 Hassan, Hosni M., 78, 4286 Holliday, Teresa, 1408 Green, Bruce A., 489 Hasselbacher, C. A., 4280 Holmes, David S., 3915 Green, Laura S., 583 Hattman, Stanley, 5177 Holmes, Randall K., 1116, 4223 Greenberg, Bill, 190 Hausinger, Robert P., 1866, 2202 Holtje, Joachim-Volker, 5027 Greenberg, E. P., 1768, 4023, 4040 Hayakawa, Shigeru, 935 Homann, Michael J., 828, 1878 Greenberg, N. M., 301 Hayashi, Masaki, 5564 Homma, Michio, 2221 Grepinet, Olivier, 4576, 4582 Hayashi, Shigeru, 4001, 4153, 5392 Honda, Takeshi, 2208 Griffin, Kathleen, 3876 Hayatsu, Hikoya, 5257 Hong, Jen-shiang, 3421, 4299, 4304 Griffith, Jeffrey K., 598 Haygood, Margo G., 2063 Hong, Zeng, 1261 Gringauz, Ella, 2832 Hayman, G. Thomas, 1759 Honore, Nadine, 2448 Grinsted, John, 1350 Haynes, John I., II, 1858 Hoover, Timothy R., 1978 Grodberg, Jennifer, 1245, 3404 Hayrinen, Jukka, 2646 Horaud, Thea, 3930 Groopman, John D., 3415 Hays, John B., 4881 Horiuchi, Hiroyuki, 272 Gross, Carol A., 3640 He, Xue-Ying, 2543 Horn, Joanne M., 1637, 4699 Gross, Dennis C., 5680 Heibach, Carin, 2639 Horrevoets, Anton J. G., 1812 Grossman, Arthur R., 583 Heine, Hans-Georg, 1730 Hoschutzky, Heinz, 3983 Gruber, Franz, 3689 Heinonen, Jukka K., 5705, 5901 Hottat, Franqoise G., 1934 Gruber, Heribert, 5830 Helber, Jennifer T., 552, 558 Houmard, Jean, 5512 Gruss, A., 1183 Helinski, D. R., 3523 Hove-Jensen, Bjarne, 1148, 3243 Gubler, Marcel, 1205 Hellingwerf, Klaas J., 1820, 5647 Hovestadt, Richard E., 3249 Guenther, Brian, 3509 Helmann, John D., 1560, 1568 Howell, Elizabeth Ehrhardt, 3040 Guerrero, Ricardo, 1354 Helmstetter, Charles E., 1380 Howland, Christopher J., 4958 Guerry, Patricia, 316 Helu, Victor, 4950 Howland, Ellen, 2947 John 463 Hempel, John, 3350 Hsieh, Ming-Lin, 3509 Guest, R., Hennecke, Hauke, 1205, 1999 Hu, Lan, 4272 Guijarro, Jose, 1895 Henner, Dennis J., 289, 2%, 3080, 5102 Huang, G. H., 3897 Guillaume, Jean, 5925 Henry, Susan A., 1878, 3778 Huang, Hsiou-Chen, 4748 Gulash-Hoffee, Mary, 3249 Henson, Joan M., 991 Huang, Li, 2923 Gumport, Richard I., 4681 Heredia, Claudio F., 2870 Huber, Robert, 4353 Gunsalus, I. C., 5409 Heredia, Maria F., 2870 Hudspeth, Michael E. S., 2240 Gunsalus, Robert P., 623, 998, 4979 Hernandez-Chico, Concepci6n, 2414 Hughes, Kelly T., 1666, 2113 Gustafsson, Lena, 4562 Hernandez-Chico, Concha, 5169 Hulett, F. Marion, 3765 Gustafsson, Petter, 2961 Hernmndez-Mufiiz, Wilfredo, 1519 Hull, Richard A., 1027 Gutterson, Neal, 380 Herrera-Estrella, Alfredo, 5822 Hull, Sheila I., 1027 Guyon, Pierre, 2939 Herrera-Estrella, Luis, 5946 Huls, Peter G., 1533 Guzman, Plinio, 1598 Herrero, Marta, 56 Hunter, Edward, 279 VOL . 170, 1988 AUTHOR INDEX v

Hurst, James K., 3655 Jenkins, John R., 5317 Kendall, Kevin J., 4634 Hutcheson, Steven W., 4748 Jensen, Karren, 3765 Kendrick, Kathleen E., 1965, 2802 Hutchinson, C. Richard, 1548 Jiang, Shu-qin, 3421, 4304 Kenigsberg, Paul, 1007 Hwa, Vivian, 449 Jiao, Ruishen, 1940 Kennedy, Christina, 250 Hylemon, Phillip B., 611, 2070, 4555 Jimenez-Billini, Hector E., 872 Kennedy, Eugene P., 2457 Hyman, Hana C., 3262 Joerger, Rolf D., 1475 Kennell, David, 2860 John, Manorama C., 790 Kenney, Teresa J., 507, 3058 landolo, John J., 149, 2409 Johns, Malcolm B., Jr., 4033 Kenny, G. E., 2692 Iba, Koh, 1843 Johnson, J. L., 446 Kern, Gunther, 5830 Ibrahimi, Ibrahim, 2212 Johnson, Kit, 714 Kersten, Helga, 2078 Ichige, Asao, 3537 Johnson, Richard S., 2406 Kersten, Walter, 2078 Ichinose, Chiyome, 5272 Johnson, Thomas C., 2406 Kerstetter, Randall A., 4047 Icho, Tateo, 5110, 5117 Johnson, Thomas R., 552, 558, 1858 Kessler, Efrat, 1215, 5241 Idler, Ken, 12 Jonas, Robert M., 507 Keynan, Alex, 5895 lelpi, L., 3523 Jones, Bradley D., 3342 Khan, Saleem A., 4033, 5522 Igarashi, Kazuei, 3131 Jones, David T., 400 Kijne, Jan W., 2994 Iglewski, Barbara H., 2784, 4309, 4477, Jones, Joanne M., 245, 3046 Kil, Ki-Soo, 4931 5385 Jones, Winsome A., 400 Kilburn, D. G., 301 Igo, Michele M., 900, 5971 Joshi, S., 2984 Kiley, Patricia J., 1103 Ihler, Garret M., 4141 Jovanovich, Stevan B., 534 Killeen, Kevin P., 5200 lino, Tetsuo, 2221 Jurgens, U. J., 3213 Kim, Sang-Hoon, 4931 lino, Tohru, 5389 Jussofie, Astrid, 1438 Kim, Un Jin, 2933 Ike, Yasuyoshi, 3046 Kimura, Sigenobu, 4322 Ilta, Ilpo, 5901 Kaasen, Inga, 2841 Kirchhoff, Helga, 989 Im, Hana, 5473 Kadner, Robert J., 3375 Kirchman, Paul A., 3058 Imae, Yasuo, 4769 Kado, Clarence T., 3170 Kirsebom, Leif A., 3756 Imanaka, Tadayuki, 1554 Kagan, J., 4675 Kirtland, G. Mark, 5633 Imperial, Juan, 1978 Kagan-Zur, Varda, 3089 Kitamoto, Katsuhiko, 2676, 2683, 2687 Inada, Toshifumi, 5378 Kaji, Akira, 1175 Kitamoto, Noriyuki, 5848 Inagaki, Kenji, 5956 Kalla, S. Roger, 2961 Klaenhammer, Todd R., 3435 Inamoto, Susumu, 2749 Kalman, Lisa V., 623 Klebba, Phillip E., 1063 Inatomi, Ken-ichi, 5960 Kalmokoff, Martin L., 1752 Klein, Albrecht, 568, 2247 Inbar, Livia, 4055 Kamata, Kunio, 2480 Klein, Ronald D., 5572 Ingolia, Thomas D., 3817 Kamimiya, Shuwsei, 1800 Klein, Shoshana, 1003 Ingram, L. O., 1926 Kamio, Yoshiyuki, 1261, 4411 Klein-Struckmeier, Anette, 989 Innes, Roger W., 3793 Kang, Yuan-Hsu, 5012 Kleppe, Kjell, 5916 Inouye, Masayori, 2051, 2989, 3747, 5080, Kao, Cheng, 2056 Klier, Andre, 3575, 5093 5620 Kao, Su-Mei, 5161 Klig, Lisa S., 1878 Inouye, Sumiko, 5620 Kaper, James B., 1495 Klipp, Werner, 693 Inukai, Hisamitsu, 3189 Kaplan, Nachum, 5134 Kloeckener-Gruissem, Barbara, 1399 loneda, Thuioshi, 1137 Kaplan, Samuel, 320, 1103, 4681 Klug, Gabriele, 5814 Iordanescu, Serban, 3427 Karamata, Dimitri, 5093 Klumpp, David J., 386, 2763 Ippen-Ihler, Karin, 3633 Karreman, Christiaan, 2527, 2533 Knapp, Stefan, 5059 Isaksson, Leif A., 3756 Kasai, Yutaka, 4097 Knauf, Vic C., 1430 Ishiguro, Edward E., 2197 Kashiwagi, Keiko, 3131 Knight, Kendall L., 2427 Ishiguro, Naotaka, 1902 Kashket, Eva R., 2301 Kobayashi, D. Y., 1825 Ishihara, Fumiyo, 5877 Kassavetis, George A., 1279 Koch, Arthur L., 1129 Ishii, Masako, 5257 Katagiri, Takayuki, 5956 Kocher, Hans P., 1789 Ishino, Fumitoshi, 4619 Kater, Martin, M., 4153 Kodaki, Tsutomu, 4727 Ishino-Arao, Yumiko, 5883 Kathir, Pushpa, 3633 Kodama, Takao, 4589 Isono, Katsumi, 1034 Kato, Jun-ichi, 3967 Kogoma, Tokio, 598, 1837 Ito, Michihiko, 4619, 5229 Kato, Keijiro, 4589 Kohara, Yuji, 4537 Itoh, Yoshifumi, 1261, 2725, 4411 Kato, Takeo, 5848 Kohlwein, Sepp D., 1878, 3778 Iwasaki, Hiroshi, 4322 Katz, Leonard, 2287 Kokjohn, Tyler A., 578, 2385 Iyer, V. N., 2984 Katze, Jon R., 5633 Kolenbrander, Paul E., 1123 Izumoto, Yoshitaka, 3864 Kaufman, Allan E., 2770 Kolodner, Richard D., 5797 Kawabata, Shun-Ichiro, 3567 Kolsaker, Per, 3287 Jablonski, Peter E., 1831 Kawahara, Eijiro, 3694 Komano, Teruya, 4385 Jackowski, Suzanne, 3961 Kawakami, Koichi, 5378 Komano, Tohru, 3864 Jackson, D. E., 439 Kawakami, Masumi, 5257 Komeda, Yoshibumi, 1980 Jackson, Matthew P., 1116, 4223 Kawamukai, Makoto, 3864 Konings, Wil N., 700, 817, 1820, 2359, 3194, 3531, 4522, 5647 Jacoby, Gertrude H., 3660 Kawata, Mutsumi, 3593 Kooistra, Jan, 3703, 4791 Jacques, Mario, 3314 Kay, Cyril M., 2631, 4165 Kopp, Beatrice J., 662 Jaffe, Aline, 65, 3094 Kay, William W., 883, 1076, 3223, 4216 Kordel, Marianne, 84 Jakes, Karen S., 4231 Kazim, A. Latif, 598 Kornblum, J., 4365 Jann, Klaus B., 1305, 3983 Kean, Leslie, 2668 Kosslack, Renee M., 171 Janssen, Paul J., 400 Keen, N. T., 1825, 3468, 4846 Kossmann, Marina, 4516 Jarrell, Ken F., 1752 Keener, John, 3543 Kosuge, T., 2367 Jarvis, Erich D., 605 Kellenberger, E., 4757 Koszalka, George W., 3493 Javor, George T., 3291 Keller, Ullrich, 1360 Koval, Susan F., 1752 Jendrossek, Dieter, 685, 5248 Kelley, Michael J., 1878 Kozlowski, M., 2984 Jenkins, D. E., 3910 Kemper, Jost, 3115 Kramer, George F., 736, 2344 vi AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Krause, Michael, 4669 Leinfelder, Walfred, 540 Luria, S. E., 4963 Krauss, Gaby, 155 Leisinger, Thomas, 478, 2725, 5698 Lurquin, Paul F., 5669 Krauss, J. H., 3213, 3217 Lemanski, Cheryl L., 1783 Lutkenhaus, Joe, 4855 Kredich, Nicholas M., 42, 3150 Lemieux, Gdrald, 4784 Lynch, Martha J., 2202 Kreiswirth, B., 4365 Lemos, Manuel L., 1920 Kren, Betsy, 308 LeMotte, Peter K., 5263 MacAlister, Thomas J., 3752, 5963 Kroll, J. Simon, 859 Lennon, Eileen, 2126 MacDonald, Leslie A., 3668 Kropinski, Andrew M., 3668 Leon, Ofra, 4775 Machlin, Sara M., 141, 4739 Krumholz, Lee R., 2472 Leonard, Alan C., 1380 MacIsaac, Douglas P., 1505 Kubicek, Christian P., 3689 Ldonard, Andrd J., 2462 Mackie, George A., 2485 Kubiniec, Michael A., 1658 Leong, Diane, 4903, 4910 MacLeod, Robert A., 4330 Kubitschek, Herbert E., 431 Leong, Sally, 617 MacMichael, Gregory J., 4995 Kuchler, Karl, 3778 Lepingle, Andrde, 1153 Macnab, Robert M., 588, 2221 Kuempel, Peter L., 662, 3793, 4293 Le Rudulier, Daniel, 3142 MacNeil, Douglas J., 5607 Kuhla, Jochen, 2148, 5325 Leustek, Thomas, 4065 Macy, Joan M., 5298, 5305 Kuhn, Michael, 685 Levine, Myron, 4972 Madon, Jerzy, 478 Kuiken, Gauko, 3703 Levy, Stuart B., 1715, 5416 Maeda, Masatomo, 179 Kukko-Kalske, Eila, 5901 Lewis, Ruthven N. A. H., 5739 Maeda, Mitsuo, 5960 Kukor, Jerome J., 4458 Li, Jianming, 1021, 2543 Magasanik, Boris, 708 Kumamoto, Carol, 5928 Li, Shengfeng, 5552 Magee, B. B., 895 Kunkel, Barbara, 3513 Li, Zhi-gang, 4304 Magee, P. T., 895 Kunst, Frank, 5093 Lichenstein, Henri, 3924 Mahadevan, Subramony, 3750 Kuramitsu, Howard K., 810 Lidholm,, Jonas, 2961 Mahajan, Sandeep, 5739 Kuriki, Takashi, 1554 Lidstrom, Mary E., 2063, 2254 Mahajan, Suresh K., 2568 Kuroda, Mitzi I., 3080 Lieb, M., 4967 Maheshwari, Ramesh, 3274 Kushner, Sidney R., 2089, 4625, 5169 Lienhard, Connie I., 463 Maia, Mauricio, 1984 Kustu, Sydney, 3543 Lijewski, Mark, 2070 Maier, Robert J., 1962, 1986, 1990, 5613 Kusukawa, Noriko, 3640, 5272 Lim, Heon M., 2873 Maille, Monique, 1153 Kuwajima, Goro, 485, 3305 Limauro, Danila, 5197 Maillet, Fabienne, 5489, 5718 Kuys, Yvonne, 2212 Limberger, Ronald J., 4072 Majerczak, Doris R., 865 Lin, E. C. C., 2352 Makino, Kozo, 4322 Labigne-Roussel, Agnes, 1704 Lin, Ershen, 3838, 3843 Makino, Souich, 2480 Lacks, Sanford A., 190 Lin, Lih-Ling, 2163 Malik, Farooq, 1610 LaFauci, Giuseppe, 605 Lin, Xinli, 1396 Manayan, Rex, 1290 Lago, Carmine T., 5197 Lin, Yi-Ping, 3561 Mandelstam, Joel, 796, 802 Lahti, Reijo, 5901 Lind, Lisbet K., 2961 Mandrand-Berthelot, Marie-Andree, 540 Lam, Joseph S., 3668 Lindberg, Frederik, 1887 Manian, Sundaram S., 184 Lane, David J., 2506, 3584 Linseman, Michelle, 3668 Mankovich, John A., 197 Lapidot, Aviva, 4055 Little, John W., 2163, 5913 Manson, Michael D., 4516 Lapidus, I. Richard, 3627 Liu, L., 468 Manulis, S., 1825, 3468 Lapointe, Jerome, 1197 Liu, M.-C., 5545 Marahiel, Mohamed A., 4669, 5662 LaPorte, David C., 386, 2763 Llagostera, Montserrat, 1346 Marek, Lynn E., 991 Larosiliere, Rose C., 3249 Llama, Maria J., 4897 Marget, Matthias, 155 Larson, R. A., 4675 Loake, Gary J., 4181 Markgraf, Martina, 2639 Larson, Timothy J., 4209 Loewen, Peter C., 4415 Markiewicz, Z., 1373 Larsson, Christer, 4562 Logan, Susan M., 316, 4165 Markovitz, Alvin, 1541 Laspia, Michael F., 3359 Londei, Paola, 4353 Marmiroli, Nelson, 3789 Latter, G. I., 3903 London, Jack, 1123 Marquez, Leticia M., 1568 Laudenbach, David E., 258, 5018 Long, Susan, 4239, 4257 Marrero, Robert, 335 Laufer, Craig S., 4881 Lorton, Mark A., 2933 Marrs, Carl F., 3032 Lawrisuk, Lois, 1495 Lory, Stephen, 714 Marsh, Robert C., 3115 Layton, Tamara J., 380 Losick, Richard, 900, 1895, 3513 Martel, Rdmi, 4784 Leason, Kenneth R., 5051 Lottspeich, Friedrich, 155 Martin, Gregory B., 5452 LeBlanc, Donald J., 3618 Loughrey, S. J., 446 Martin, Joel H., 2612 Le Bougudnec, Chantal, 3930 Love, Paul E., 1467 Martin, Robin, 4714 LeCoq, Dominique, 4194 Love, Susan F., 71 Martinell, Marie, 534 Lee, Cheng Chi, 4537 Lovett, Charles M., Jr., 1467 Martinez, Aurora, 4897 Lee, Chia Y., 2409 Lovett, Michael A., 5789 Martinez, Esperanza, 1191 Lee, Chi Chang, 3327 Lovett, Paul S., 2933, 5642 Martinez-Bilbao, Mertxe, 4897 Lee, Jeong K., 4681 Lovitt, Robert W., 2809 Marugg, Joey D., 1812 Lee, John J., 4402 Lowe, Michael, 4855 I. 3786 Lowe, S. E., 3065 Maruyama, N., Lee, Jong Ho, 5440 Ludden, Paul W., 1978 Maruyama, Y., 2501, 5778 Lee, Kin-Sang, 1730 Luder, Gerhild, 3001 Marzluf, George A., 657 Lee, Lan, 4769 Ludwig, Robert A., 1197 Masaki, Haruhiko, 3237 Lee, Linda N., 3618 Lugtenberg, Ben J. J., 2994, 3782, 4424, Masepohl, Bernd, 693 Lee, Stephen C., 5806 4693 Masiarz, Frank R., 1560 Lee, Young S., 921 Luirink, Joen, 4153 Maskell, Duncan J., 2467 LeGall, J., 5545 Luisi-DeLuca, Cynthia, 5797 Mason, James M., 239 Legge, Diana M., 1775 Lund, Bjorn, 1887 Mathews, W. Rodney, 2406 Legrain, Christiane, 2939 Lundie, Leon L., Jr., 5705 Matin, A., 3903, 3910 Leigh, John A., 3327, 4249 Lupas, Andrei, 5928 Matsuda, Hideyuki, 3864 Leija, Alfonso, 1191 Lupski, James R., 5759 Matsuhashi, Michio, 4619, 5229 VOL . 170, 1988 AUTHOR INDEX vii

Matsumura, Philip, 1575 Miller, Robert V., 578, 2385 Murry, Marcia, 1239 Matsuo, Kazuhiro, 3847 Miller, Virginia L., 2575 Musmanno, Rosa A., 1969 Matsuoka, Masayoshi, 4528 Mills, Dallice, 5479 Mustafa, Abu Salim, 5919 Matsuyama, Tohey, 4361 Milner, Yoram, 5895 Mutoh, Norihiro, 2521 Mattheakis, Larry C., 4484 Miner, Zoe, 5177 Mychajlonka, Myron, 1831 Matthews, Rowena G., 1582 Minnich, Scott A., 3953 Matthysse, Ann G., 1408 Minton, Kenneth W., 2126 Nagaso, Hiroshi, 4451 Mauel, Catherine, 5093 Misra, Rajeev, 528, 3611 Nagata, Akihisa, 1631, 2886 Maurer, Kick, 3731 Mittal, K. R., 3314 Nagle, David P., Jr., 653, 4420 Maurer, Russell, 2668, 3682 Miwatani, Toshio, 2208 Nair, Gopal, 1054 Mawhinney, Thomas P., 2433 Miyakawa, Tokichi, 547 Nakabeppu, Yusaku, 3567 May, Harold D., 3384 Miyama, Akio, 2208 Nakamura, Yoshikazu, 908, 5378 Mayer, Frank, 1438 Mizuno, Takafumi, 4769 Nakano, Michiko M., 5662 Mayer, H., 3217 Mizunoe, Yoshimitsu, 3567 Nakata, Atsuo, 4322 Mayer, Hubert, 228 Mizushima, Shoji, 3537 Nakazawa, Akiko, 3189 Mayo, Olga, 2414 Mobley, Harry L. T., 2202, 3342 Nanjoh, Akimi, 5883 Mazodier, Philippe, 1275 Moes, Marc, 2247 Nanninga, N., 4808 McBride, Kevin E., 1430 Moffatt, Barbara A., 2095 Nathan, Peter, 2319 McCabe, Joan B., 646 Mogi, Tatsushi, 5185 Negishi, Kazuo, 5257 McCaldon, Peter, 2296 Mojumdar, Monalisa, 5522 Neidhardt, Frederick C., 1582 McCarn, David F., 3448 Molenaar, Douwe, 1820 Neidle, Ellen L., 4874 McCarthy, David, 653 Molin, S0ren, 5855 Neilands, J. B., 56 McClellan, Casey J., 5396 Monroe, Robin S., 42, 3150 Nelson, David R., 48, 5200 McCloskey, James A., 2078, 5633 Moore, Carol W., 4991 Nerland, Audun H., 5919 McCommas, Steven A., 889 Moore, Karen E., 4395 Nesbakken, Tore, 3287 McCubbin, William D., 2631, 4165 Moore, Patricia H., 5633 Nesin, Mirjana, 5759 McCune, Steven, 4257 Mora, Jaime, 980, 985 Nester, Eugene W., 2659, 3367, 4047 McDaniel, C. Steven, 2306 Moran, Charles P., Jr., 507, 900, 1054, Nettleton, David O., 223 McDonald, Gregory A., 2005 1617, 3058, 5086 Neujahr, Halina Y., 2383 McDowell, Thomas D., 1783 Moreau, Patrice L., 2493 Neuzil, Jiff, 5192 McElhaney, Ronald N., 5739 Moreillon, Philippe, 5931 Newman, Elaine B., 3443 McElwain, Mariann C., 564 Moreno, Felipe, 1275, 2414 Newton, Austin, 409, 2319, 3953 McEntee, Kevin, 2427 Morgan, Michael K., 5689 Ngai, Ka-Leung, 2412 McEwen, Joan E., 1399 Mori, Hirotada, 5272 Nghiem, Ylan, 5405 McFadden, Bruce A., 4528 Mori, Kazuya, 1175 Nguyen, Doanh Manh, 2705 McFall, E., 330 Morimyo, Mitsuoki, 2136 Nicolson, lain J., 1691 McGavin, M., 2914 Moring, Stephen E., 1137 Nielander, Henk B., 1812 McGroarty, Estelle J., 512 Morita, Kyono, 4385 Nieuwkoop, Anthony J., 2240, 4986 McHenney, Margaret A., 2276 Morita, Miho, 5272 Nikawa, Jun-ichi, 4727 McIntire, Floyd C., 2229 Moriya, Tetsuhiro, 3567 Niki, Hironori, 5272 McKown, Robert L., 352 Morlock, Kelly R., 3561 Nikoletti, S., 1311 McMurry, Laura M., 5416 Morris, Christina J., 3125 Nishida, Hitoshi, 1034 McNeil, Leslie B., 2126 Morris, Troy D., 5633 Nishida, Tohru, 3864 McNeil, Michael R., 2229 Morrison, Donald A., 630, 3136 Nishihara, Tatsuro, 5625 Mei, Baigen, 1940 Morrissey, Pierre, 2467 Nishijima, Satomi, 775 Meier-Dieter, Ursula, 228 Mortberg, Monika, 2383 Nishimura, Mitsuo, 1843 Meighen, Edward A., 967 Mortlock, Robert P., 5423 Nishimura, Yukinobu, 3967 Meile, Leo, 478 Mosbaugh, Dale W., 1082 Nisioka, Taizo, 4385 Meissner, J., 3213, 3217 Moseley, Steve L., 4890 Nobile, Serge, 5236 Mekalanos, John J., 34, 1015, 2575, 5059 Moses, Robb E., 456 Nobuta, Kan, 3769 Mellano, Michael A., 2879, 4399 Mosig, Gisela, 1384 Noel, K. Dale, 3158 Melville, Stephen B., 5298, 5305 Mount, David W., 1, 1975 Nohno, Tsutomu, 4097 Mendelson, Neil H., 2328, 2336 Mountford, Roger, 1305 Noll, Kenneth M., 4315 Mengin-Lecreulx, Dominique, 2031 Moura, I., 5545 Nolte, Audrey, 3479 Meno, Yuko, 4960 Moura, J. J. G., 5545 Nomura, Masayasu, 4484, 5042 Mesbah, Mostafa, 4091 Mouw, Andrea R., 676 Nomura, Setsuzo, 3694 Messner, Paul, 2891 Moxon, E. Richard, 859 Normark, Staffan, 1887 Messner, Robert, 3689 Moyed, Harris S., 3321 Norris, Steven J., 4072 Metcalf, Benjamin J., 489 Msadek, Tarek, 5093 Noti, John D., 1999 Meyer, Jean-Marie, 4865 Mueller, Gunhild M., 669 Novak, Paul, 5067 Meyer, Maria, 4188 Mueller, John, 2742 Novick, Richard P., 4365, 5709 Meyers, Chester A., 3924 Mukhopadhyay, Pradip, 5479 Nozawa, T., 2501, 5778 Michaud, Catherine, 2031 Mulks, Martha H., 1866 Mark 1007 Michel, Tomas A., 5298, 5305 Muller, Karl-Heinz, 1076 Nuell, J., Michiels, Kris W., 5401 Muller, Volker, 1369 Nunn, William D., 1666 Middendorf, Anke, 108 Mulligan, Martin E., 4406, 5034 Miki, Junji, 179 Mulrooney, Scott B., 2202 Obradors, N., 2159, 2884 Miles, Lynette M., 3924 Mulvey, Michael R., 4415 O'Brian, Jeffrey J., 5633 Miller, James N., 5789 Munson, Robert S., Jr., 4161 O'Brien, Alison D., 1116, 4223 Miller, Jeffrey H., 5405 Murphy, John R., 5949 O'Brochta, D., 3523 Miller, Karen J., 4569 Murphy, Kenan C., 2012 Ochi, Kozo, 2705 Miller, Paul, 2735, 2742 Murray, Noreen E., 1775 O'Connor, Kathleen A., 4103 Miller, R. C., Jr., 301 Murray, R. G. E., 2625 Oda, Masanao, 3199 viii AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Oehlen, L. J. W. M., 4808 Park, Morgan, 995 Projan, Steven J., 3427 Oelze, Jurgen, 2148, 4652, 5325 Park, Uhnmee E., 3725 Prosser, Judith, 1986, 1990 O'Gara, Fergal, 184 Park, Yong Keun, 345, 842 Puglisi, Pier Paolo, 3789 Ogasawara, Naotake, 1333 Parker, Laura L., 218 Puhler, Alfred, 693 Oggioni, Marco R., 1969 Parkinson, John S., 4509 Ogura, Teru, 5272 Parsell, Dawn, 308 Queener, Stephen W., 3817 Ohman, Dennis E., 1452, 1637, 3228, 4699 Parsons, Gaylene D., 2485 Quigley, Neil B., 98, 103 Ohsawa, Minako, 5185 Pas, Evelien, 1533 Quinlan-Walshe, Caren, 2599 Ohsumi, Yoshinori, 2676, 2683, 2687 Pasloske, Brittan L., 3738 Quivey, Robert G., Jr., S Ohta, Akinori, 775 Patel, Pramathesh S., 3384, 3390 Ohta, Hiroyuki, 4589 Patel, V., 330 Rabinowitz, Arthur, 2735 Ohta, Noriko, 3953 Paveglio, Maryanne T., 213 Rabinowitz, Jesse C., 995, 3255 Ohta, Takahisa, 3237 Paveia, Helena, 2855 Radler, Ferdinand, 2192 Ohtsubo, Eiichi, 1461, 2749 Payne, Shelley M., 5579 Raetz, Christian R. H., 1268, 5916 Ohtsubo, Hisako, 1461 Pees, Elly, 4424 Rai, Rajendra, 266 Ohue, Hideki, 5877, 5883 Peinemann, Susanne, 1369 Rajadas, Phillip T., 5785 Oishi, Kunio, 3537 Pelkonen, Sinikka, 2646 Ralt, Dina, 359 Ojha, Mukti, 1254 Pelletier, Anthony J., 4293 Ramakrishnan, Girija, 5080 Okada, Nobuhiko, 2480 Pellett, Shahaireen, 1622 Ramfrez, Remedios, 5908 Okada, Shigetaka, 1554 Pemberton, John M., 1325 Ramos, Josd, 5375 Okamoto, Keinosuke, 2208, 5076 Pene, Jacques J., 2873 Ramsay-Sharer, Lisa, 4008 Okamoto, Kyoko, 2208 Peng, H.-L., 4365 Ramuz, Michel, 4603 Okawa, Noriyuki, 1175 Peoples, Oliver P., 781 Randall, Linda L., 5654 Okazaki, Takashi, 272 Perego, Marta, 289, 296, 2560 Rangnekar, Vivek M., 1907 Oliver, Donald B., 3281, 3404 Perkins, Edward J., 5669 Rao, N. N., 5216 Olivera, Baldomero M., 117, 2113, 3725 Pero, Janice, 5557 Rapaport, Eliezer, 2301 Olsen, Gary J., 720, 2506, 3584 Perry, Anthony C. F., 1691 Rapoport, Georges, 3575, 5093 Olsen, Lars, 5855 Perry, J. W., 1488 Rather, Philip N., 5086 Olsen, Ronald H., 393, 4458 Petersen, Daniel J., 4613 Ray, Celeste, 900 Olson, Eric R., 171, 1955 Peterson, David M., 3810 Ray, Jill M., 5500 Oltmann, L. Fred, 1220 Peterson, Ellena M., 1389 Razin, S., 2692 Omer, Charles A., 2174, 5806 Peterson, Gail A., 442 Razin, Shmuel, 3262 O'Neill, Edward A., 3774 Peterson, Kenneth R., 1, 1975 Rdest, U., 1746 O'Neill, Gary P., 3810 Petit, Annik, 2939 Ream, Walt, 1523 Ono, Bun-Ichiro, 5877, 5883 Pfeifer, Felicitas, 3718, 4903 Record, M. Thomas, Jr., 534 Ono, Yasuko, 1631, 2886 Pfennig, N., 3217 Recourt, Kees, 4693 Oosawa, Kenji, 2521 Phillips, Allen T., 4272 Reddy, K. J., 4466 Ordal, George W., 223 Phillips, Gregory J., 2089 Redmond, John W., 1848 Oresnik, Ivan, 3396 Phillips, Katherine L., 471 Reed, Jason W., 4239 Orle, Karina A., 352, 2832 Phoenix, Pauline, 4338 Reeve, John N., 1958, 3125, 4718 Ormerod, John, 3287 Piggot, Patrick, 4194 Reeves, Henry C., 89 Ornston, L. Nicholas, 2412, 4874 Pillay, B., 1746 Reeves, Peter R., 98, 103 Osburne, Marcia S., 442 Pifiero, Daniel, 1191 Reid, Gregory K., 2267 Ossanna, Nina, 1, 1975 Pines, Ophry, 2989 Reiser, Walter, 2247 Ott, Manfred, 3983 Pinette, M. F. Suzanne, 1129 Reith, Michael E., 258 Otts, David R., 5006 Pisabarro, Antonio G., 5224 Reizer, Jonathan, 1874 Oudega, Bauke, 4153 Pitkaranta, Taru, 5901 Rengpipat, S., 3065 Pittard, A. J., 4946 Renzoni, Elisabetta A., 1969 Pace, B., 2506 Pittard, J., 1311 Resnick, David, 48 Pace, Norman R., 720, 2506, 3584 Pla, Jesus, 3333 Reyes, Moriama, 4598 Padhy, Rabindranath N., 1934 Plank, David W., 2763 Reynen, M., 3310 Pages, Michel, 4603 Plorde, James J., 471 Reznikoff, William S., 1965, 3008 Pai, Suresh R., 431 Pocard, Jean-Alain, 3142 Rhee, Dong-Kwon, 630 Pal, Subrata K., 3554 Polayes, Deborah A., 2083, 3110 Ribas, Juan Carlos, 1945, 1950 Palacios, Rafael, 1191 Pollack, J. Dennis, 564 Ribier, Jacques, 3575 Palchaudhuri, S., 330 Pollitt, N. Stephen, 2051 Ricca, Ezio, 5197 Pallotta, Dominick, 4784 Poole, Keith, 3177, 5146 Rice, Philip W., 2083, 3110 Palosaari, Neil R., 2971 Poole, Philip S., 5673 Richardson, Delwood L., Jr., 5564 Paltauf, Fritz, 3778 Poolman, Bert, 700 Richaud, Catherine, 2031 Pamboukdjian, Nicole, 1153 Possot, Odile, 946 Rick, Paul D., 228, 4008 Pancholi, Vijaykumar, 2618 Postma, P. W., 4808 Poteete, Anthony R., 2012, 4379 Rider, Maureen, 4015 Pang, Patty P., 197 Potts, Malcolm, 3297 Ridge, Robert W., 1848 Panos, Charles, 4775 Pouwels, Peter, 5870 Riegman, Nico, 5870 Panzer, Scott, 3513 Poyton, Robert O., 1399 Riethman, Harold C., 2433 Papen, H., 5594 Pozzi, Gianni, 1969, 5931 Rieul, Corinne, 89 Papendrecht, Antoinette, 3731 Pradel, Elizabeth, 4916 Rikkerink, E. H. A., 895 Papoutsakis, Eleftherios T., 4613 Prasher, Douglas C., 2089 Rinehart, Kenneth L., Jr., 5344 Parales, Juan, Jr., 1589 Praszkier, J., 1311 Rivera, Mildred, 512 Paranchych, William, 3738 Premakumar R., 27 Roberts, Daniel P., 1445, 4501 Pardo, Marco Aurelio, 1191 Pressler, Uwe, 2716 Roberts, Ian S., 1305 Park, Jae H., 921 Priebe, Scott D., 190 Roberts, Jeffrey W., 1467, 4816 Park, James T., 3750 Proenca, R., 1021 Roberts, Ruth E., 463 VOL. 170, 1988 AUTHOR INDEX ix

Robertson, Donald L., 2263 Santamaria, Ramon, 1895 Shevell, Diane E., 3294, 5263 Robertson, Jennie L., 1408 Saporito, Susan M., 4542, 5141 Shibata, Ken-Ichiro, 1795 Robeson, M., 3468 Sargentini, Neil J., 2392 Shibuya, Isao, 775 Robin, Aline, 65 Sasakawa, Chihiro, 2480 Shieh, JerSong, 3072, 4091 Robson, Marie, 1610 Sasaki, Takashi, 5939 Shimamoto, Tadashi, 2236 Rod, Margot L., 3601 Sasaki, Takuji, 935 Shimamoto, Tatsuya, 4589 Rogers, Elizabeth J., 5642 Sasaki, Yasuko, 5939 Shimizu-Kadota, Mariko, 4976 Rogers, Palmer, 2971 Sassanfar, Mandana, 4816 Shimkets, Lawrence J., 5552, 5765, 5771 Rohde, Manfred, 1438 Sastry, Parimi A., 3738 Shimono, Tsutomu, 4589 Roizes, Gerard, 4603 Sato, Gihei, 1902 Shinagawa, Hideo, 4322 Rolfe, Barry G., 1848 Satoh, Hideshi, 1034 Shioi, Junichi, 2698, 5507 Rollo, Ellen E., 3281, 3404 Saunders, Jon R., 1691 Shirahige, Yoh-Ichi, 5883 Rolstad, Anna Kristin, 2947 Saurugger, Peter N., 4141 Shiroza, Teruaki, 810 Romero, David, 1191 Savage, Dwayne C., 2612 Shoemaker, Nadja B., 449, 1319, 1651 Roncero, Cesar, 1945, 1950 Sawers, Gary, 540, 5330 Short, Steven A., 3493 Ronco, Paul G., II, 3249 Schad, Peter A., 2784 Shuman, Howard A., 4598 Rong, Sing, 1162 Schallenberg, Jurgen, 2247 Sibold, Lionel, 946 Roof, David M., 3855 Schauer, Alan, 1895 Siddiqui, Roman A., 4188 Rosenberg, Charles, 1153, 5489, 5718 Schekman, Randy, 2775 Siehnel, Richard J., 2312 Rosenberg, H., 2283 Schell, Mark A., 1445, 4501 Signer, Ethan R., 1003, 5401 Rosenberg, Martin, 21, 203 Schellhorn, Herb E., 78, 4286 Silhavy, Thomas J., 439, 1973, 5928, 5971 Rosenberg, Mel, 4361 Scherrer, Rene, 3321 Simon, Lee D., 3016 Rosengarten, Renate, 989 Schiebel, Elmar, 3177 Simon, Melvin I., 2521, 5134 Rosehkrantz, Mark S., 1162 Schindler, Melvin, 3882 Simon, Philip L., 3924 Ross, Carolyn M., 757, 769 Schlaffer, Eileen J., 5368 Simons, Robert W., 1666 Roth, John R., 117, 2113, 3725, 3855 Schlegel, Hans G., 685, 4188, 5248, 5837 Simpson, Dennis A., 1866 Rothfield, Lawrence I., 2106 Schlievert, P., 4365 Singer, M. E. Vogt, 638 Rothstein, David M., 71 Schmetterer, Georg, 1239 Sioud, Mouldy, 946 Rouviere, Pierre E., 3946 Schmidt, Francis J., 203 Siraganian, Reuben, 1123 Rouxhet, Paul G., 2462 Schmidt, Michael G., 3404 Sirevag, Reidun, 2947 Rowsell, Edward H., 2698 Schmitt, Manfred, 2192 Sivan, Sara, 3089 Ruby, Edward G., 646 Schmitt, Michael P., 5579 Skarstad, Kirsten, 852, 2549 Rudner, Rivka, 605 Schnaitman, Carl A., 2005 Skatrud, Paul L., 3817 Ruehl, William W., 3032 Schneider, George J., 4136, 5034 Skorupski, Karen, 3016 Ruger, Wolfgang, 3016 Scholte, M. E., 4808 Slater, Steven C., 4431 Ruiz-Herrera, Jose, 5946 Scholtz, Rudolf, 5698 Slauch, J. M., 439 Ruiz-Rubio, M., 5371 Schon, Astrid, 3810 Sleytr, Uwe B., 2891 Rumley, Marilynn K., 2457 Schoolnik, Gary K., 3032 Sloma, Alan, 5557 Ruppen, Mark E., 136 Schrader, Janet A., 3915 Slonczewski, Joan L., 842 Russel, Marjorie, 5312 Schrautemeier, Bernhard, 1239 Smid, Eddy J., 4522 Russell, C. S., 1021, 4969 Schubert, Peter, 5837 Smit, Gerrit, 2994 Russell, James B., 3531 Schultz, J. E., 3903, 3910 Smit, John, 4706 Russell, S. A., 5594 Schulz, Horst, 2543 Smith, C. Jeffrey, 3618 Ryu, Jun-ichi, 3291, 5785 Schuurink, Robert, 4748 Smith, Cassandra L., 4537, 5916 Schweizer, Andrea, 155 Smith, Hamilton O., 4402, 5368 Sadowsky, Michael J., 171 Schweizer, Herbert P., 5352, 5360 Smith, Issar, 1046, 1054 Safrin, Mary, 1215, 5241 Sedgwick, Steven G., 1610 Smith, Jimmie M., 2698 Saha, A. L., 4113 Seki, Tatsuya, 5935 Smith, John M., 463 Sahl, Hans-G., 84 Sekigawa, Toshikazu, 3189 Smith, Kendric C., 2392, 2555 Sahm, H., 3310 Sekiguchi, Mutsuo, 3567 Smith, Linda Tombras, 3142 Saier, Milton H., Jr., 1290, 1698, 1874, Selvaraj, G., 2984 Smith, M. T., 4083 22% Senghas, Elisabeth, 245 Smith, Michael D., 2126 Saito, Hiuga, 4451, 5935 Sequeira, Luis, 617 Smith, Oliver H., 3158 Saito, Michiko, 908 Seraneeprakarn, Vilai, 751 Smith-White, Brian J., 4542 Saito, Shin, 4451 Serra, Juan L., 4897 Snyder, Larry, 2056 Saito, Taiichi, 4097 Setlow, Barbara, 2858, 5963 Sobell, David I., 197 Sakagami, Youji, 4619 Setlow, Jane K., 3876 Soda, Kenji, 751 Sakai, Takashi, 2480 Setlow, Peter, 239, 1403, 2858, 4942, 5963 Sodergren, Erica J., 1721 Sakakibara, Yoshimasa, 972 Shafer, William, 900 Soldati, Leda, 2725 Sako, Tomoyuki, 5389 Shafiee, Ali, 1548 Soil, Dieter, 3810 Shah, Vinod K., 1978 Soltis, Mary T., 2954 Salch, Yangkyo P., 2584 Shakuto, Shuji, 547 Somers, J. M., 883, 3223 Salinas, Patricia, 1920 Shanmugam, K. T., 5433, 5440, 5446 Sommer, Jurg M., 409 Salyers, Abigail A., 449, 1319, 1423, 1651 Shapiro, Lucille, 4119 Sonenshein, Abraham L., 1162 Salzmann, Margit, 1438 Shatzman, Allan, 21 Sonnewald, Uwe, 2639 Samuel, James E., 4223 Shaw, Charles H., 4181 Sopata, Christopher S., 223 Sanchez, Jesus, 1339 Shaw, Paul D., 2584 Sorby, Pamela A., 4415 Sanchez, Juan M., 1984 Shaw, Robert W., 2873 Sowers, Kevin R., 998, 4979 Sanders-Loehr, Joann, 5539 Shen, Gwo-Jenn, 2809 Spanning, Ake, 2383 Sandman, Kathleen, 3513 Sherf, Bruce A., 1958, 4718 Spector, Michael P., 345 Sankar, Pushpam, 5433, 5440, 5446 Sherman, Debra M., 4466 Speedie, Marilyn K., 4376 Sa-Nogueira, Isabel, 2855 Sherman, Louis A., 2433, 4466 Speer, Brenda S., 1423 Sanozky-Dawes, Rosemary B., 3435 Sheu, Michael J.-T., 452 Sperka-Gottlieb, Constanze, 3778 x AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Spikes, Deborah, 3876 Taatjes, Douglas, 2212 Trieu-Cuot, P., 4388 Spitzer, Eric D., 872 Taatjes, Heidi, 2212 Triggs-Raine, Barbara L., 4415 Spratt, Brian G., 4828 Taber, Harry, 2735, 2742 Truchet, Georges, 5489, 5718 Sprenkle, Amy B., 3742 Tabita, F. Robert, 5, 2153, 5468, 5473 Trun, Nancy J., 5928 Spudich, Elena N., 4280 Tadros, Monier Habib, 2758 Truss, Mathias, 2247 Spudich, John L., 4280 Tai, Phang C., 126 Trust, Trevor J., 316, 499, 1076, 2625, Squires, Catherine L., 1235 Tailor, Ravindra H., 3001 2631, 4165, 4216 Squires, Craig, 1235 Takade, Akemi, 4960 Tsuboi, Akio, 935 Stader, Joan, 1973, 5928 Takagi, Masamichi, 272 Tsuchimoto, Suguru, 1461 Stahl, D. A., 2506 Takagi, Takashi, 5236 Tsuchiya, Eiko, 547 Staley, Andrew, 5344 Takahashi, Hideo, 4451, 5935 Tsuchiya, Tomofusa, 2236 Stalon, Victor, 2725 Takamiya, Ken-Ichiro, 1843 Tsuda, Masaaki, 2236 Stanfield, S. W., 3523 Takemoto, Dolores J., 4015 Tsugawa, Akiko, 908 Staskawicz, B., 4846 Takemoto, Jon Y., 2758 Tsui, Ping, 4950 Staudenmaier, Horst, 2716 Taketomo, Naoki, 5939 Tsuji, Takao, 2208 Stearns, Duncan, 2898 Tam, Patricia E., 141 Tsujita, Yoshihiko, 5956 Steck, Todd R., 4983 Tamaki, S. J., 3468, 4846 Tsukagoshi, Norihiro, 935, 5848 Steiert, J. G., 4954 Tamanoi, Kyoji, 5257 Tsuruoka, Tsutomu, 5229 Stein, David, 2174 Tanaka, Hidehiko, 751 Tuan, James S., 2287 Steinbuchel, Alexander, 685, 5248, 5837 Tanaka, Masahiko, 1175 Tuomanen, E., 1373 Stejskal, F. L., 4330 Tanaka, Teruo, 3593 Turner, Sean, 3584 Stephens, Richard L., 2063 Tang, Jane S., 213 Tuveson, R. W., 4675 Stephens, Richard S., 744 Tannenbaum, Steven R., 359 Stetter, Karl O., 2247, 4353 Tano, Tatsuo, 5956 Ubbink-Kok, Trees, 817 Stevens, S. Edward, Jr., 1519 Tanzer, Jason M., 3752 Uchihi, Rieko, 935 Stewart, Richard C., 5728 Tao, Lin, 3752 Udaka, Shigezo, 935, 5848 Stewart, Valley, 1589, 4437 Tasaka, Hiromichi, 3847 Uetake, Nobuyuki, 775 Stibitz, Scott, 2904 Taschner, Peter E. M., 1533, 4828 Uetz, T., 4757 Stochaj, Ursula, 2639 Tate, Max E., 2939 Ugurbil, K., 4954 Stocker, Bruce A. D., 3991 Taylor, Barry L., 2698, 5507 Umanoff, H., 1021, 4969 Stoeckenius, W., 2790 Taylor, Naomi, 3953 Umbarger, H. E., 4798 Stoker, Karel, 1220 Tempe, Jacques, 2939 Unger, Ronald E., 213 Storts, Douglas R., 1541 Tenn, Greg, 1290 Uratsu, Sandra L., 5943 Stougaard, Jens, 250 Tenover, Fred C., 471, 3618 Urkijo, Iniaki, 4897 Stouthamer, Adriaan H., 1220, 3731 Tepfer, David, 1153 Ursinus-Wossner, Astrid, 5027 Stover, Charles K., 3115 Terawaki, Yoshiro, 1261, 2725, 4411 Utsumi, Ryutaro, 3864 Strauch, Mark A., 916 Tessier, Anne, 4784 Straus, Neil A., 258, 5018 Tessman, Ethel S., 4816, 4823 Vagner, V., 3978 Strickler, James, 21 Tessman, Irwin, 4266, 4816, 4823 Valdivieso, Maria Henar, 1945, 1950 Stringer, Carol D., 3291 Thiel, Teresa, 1143 Valentine, Peter J., 1319 Strobel, Herbert J., 3531 Thliveris, Andrew T., I Valkenburg, J. A. C., 4808 Strockbine, Nancy A., 1116 Thoelke, Mark S., 223 Vallari, David S., 3961 Thom, Julia R., 5654 Valvano, Miguel A., 5529 Str0m, Arne R., 2841 Thoma, W. J., 4954 Strom, Mark S., 714 Valve, Eeva, 5901 Thomas, D. Y., 2923 Van Alstine, Gaylene L., 136 Studier, F. William, 2095 Thomashow, Linda S., 3499 van Arendonk, Jeroen J.C.M., 4693 Stueber, Dietrich, 2212 Thomm, Michael, 1958, 2247 van Berkum, Peter, 1962 Stueland, Constance S., 2763 Thompson, David V., 12 van Brussel, Anton A. N., 5489 Stuy, Johan H., 2537 Thompson, Thomas E., 3996 Vancura, Ales, 5192 Styrvold, Olaf B., 2841 Thoms, Brigitte, 3675 Vancurova, Ivana, 5192 Su, Lihe, 3249 Thylen, Christina, 1994 Van Dam, K., 4808 Subbarao, Makam N., 2860 Tippetts, M. Todd, 2263 Vanden Boom, Thomas, 2866 Sugimura, Keijiro, 3650, 5625 Tirgari, Simin, 345 van de Putte, Pieter, 1012, 2121 Sugio, Tsuyoshi, 5956 Tisa, L. S., 3053 van der Hofstad, Gerard A.J.M., 4693 Sugishita, Akio, 3199 Titmas, Bonnie M., 3618 Vanderleyden, Jos, 5401 Suit, Joan L., 4963 Tjoa, Susan S., 2229 van der Mei, Henny C., 2462 Sun, Tai-ping, 5312 Toba, Mari, 3237 Van Die, Irma, 3983, 5870 Sundquist, Alfred R., 3459 Toh, Yoshihiro, 1843 Van Door, J., 4808 Sung, Lawrence M., 1116 Tolmasky, Marcelo E., 1913, 3769 Van Driel, R., 4808 Surana, Uttam, 2328 Tomaschewski, Jorg, 3016 van Duin, Jan, 5027 Surek, B., 1746 Tomasz, Alexander, 1373, 2143, 5931 Van Gool, August P., 1812, 5401 Tomioka, Shigeo, 4619, 5229 van 2031 Sussman, Michael D., 4942 Tompkins, Lucy, 1704 Heijenoort, Jean, Sutrina, Sarah L., 1874 Toranzo, Alicia E., 1920 Vanhooke, Janeen, 3493 Suyama, Yoshitaka, 1175 Torriani, A., 5216 Van Megen, Ingrid, 1812, 5870 Suzuki, Akinori, 4619 Toth, B. R., 4113 Van Montagu, Marc, 2401, 5822 Suzuki, Hideho, 3967, 5392 Touati, Daniele, 1837, 2511 van Pee, Karl-Heinz, 5890 Suzuki, Yasuhiko, 1631, 2886 Towler, Dwight A., 4161 van Rossum, Clemens, 3782 Sweetser, Douglas, 5919 Toyokuni, Tatsushi, 5344 Varga, Amy, 1103 Switzer, Robert L., 3243 Toyoshima, Ayumi, 4385 Vartak, Narendra B., 2568 Sykes, Brian D., 5739 Trach, Kathleen, 4194 Vary, Patricia S., 4942 Syvanen, Michael, 889 Trees, David L., 149 Vasquez, Claudio, 3269 Szkutnicka, Krystyna, 5375 Tribhuwan, Rajanikant C., 5507 Vasse, Jacques, 5489, 5718 VOL. 170, 1988 AUTHOR INDEX xi

Vatter, Albert E., 2229 Wee, Sechan, 3283 Woodruff, Wendy A., 2592 Vecli, Arnaldo, 3789 Weerkamp, Anton H., 2462 Woods, David R., 400 Vela, G. R., 1984 Weichenhan, Dieter, 1412 Wookey, P. J., 4946 Veluthambi, K., 1523 Weigel, Barbara J., 3817 Worobec, Elizabeth A., 2312 Venema, Gerard, 3703, 4791 Weil, Clifford F., 4718 Worrell, Veronica E., 653, 4420 Vericat, J.-Albert, 1354 Weimar, William R., 3711 Wray, Susan K., 1027 Verma, Desh Pal S., 171 Weinberg, Geoffrey A., 4161 Wright, Maureen S., 4382 Verma, Jitendra N., 2770 Weiner, Joel H., 1505, 1511, 2448 Wu, Henry C., 4001, 4153 Verma, Naresh K., 103 Weiner, Michael, 4714 Wu, June H., 3633 Vernade, Didier, 5822 Weinstein, Debra L., 4223 Wu, Zhongren, 5747 Vicente, Miguel, 5169 Weir, Joyce, 1054 Wyk, Paul, 98 Viebrock, Adelheid, 4658 Weisbeek, Peter J., 1812, 4693 Vimr, Eric R., 1495 Weisblum, Bernard, 1800 Xavier, A. V., 5545 Vodkin, Michael H., 1227 Weisman, Lois S., 1393 Xu, Guo-Wei, 5680 Vogel, Karin, 155 Weiss, Alison Ann, 2904 Xu, Peilin, 617 Voige, William H., 4431 Weiss, Bernard, 872, 1069 Volc, Jindrich, 5192 Weiss, Emilio, 5012 Yamada, Mamoru, 1290 Volkert, Michael R., 4379 Weiss, Ervin I., 1123 Yamada, Masao, 3967 von Meyenburg, Kaspar, 852 Weissbach, Herbert, 4065 Yamada, Masatoshi, 2480 von Schaewen, Antje, 2639 Welch, Martin, 3627 Yamada, Takeshi, 1631, 2886, 3847 von Specht, Bernd-Ulrich, 155 Welch, Rodney A., 1622 Yamagata, Hideo, 935, 5848 Vosman, Ben, 3703, 4791 Welker, N. E., 3761 Yamagishi, Masahiro, 5042 Vrba, Jacqueline M., 3448 Weller, David M., 3499 Yamagoe, Satoshi, 775 Vreeland, Russell H., 132 Weng, Qingping, 126 Yamaguchi, Kyoji, 3747 Wenzel, Thibaut J., 2121 Yamaguchi, Ryuji, 3847 Wabiko, Hiroetsu, 2705 Westfall, Helen N., 5012 Yamakawa, Masaki, 3694 Wachi, Masaaki, 4619 Weston, Lucy A., 3375 Yamamoto, A. H., 3786 Wackernagel, Wilfried, 1412, 3675 Westpheling, Janet, 1598 Yamamoto, Hiroshi, 5185 Wackett, Lawrence P., 5698 Wheatcroft, Roger, 927 Yamamoto, K., 5371 Waddell, Candace S., 2832 Wheeler, William D., 3655 Yamamoto, Mitsuyo, 245 Wagar, Elizabeth A., 744 Whippey, P. W., 2625 Yamashita, Satoshi, 4727 Wakarchuk, W. W., 301 Whirlow, Heather, 5312 Yamashita, Yasuhiro, 5257 Wake, R. G., 4083 Whitaker, Richard A., 3448 Yamato, Ichiro, 5185 Walderich, Brigitte, 5027 White, Robert H., 1396, 4594, 4608 Yamazaki, Akihiro, 3847 Walker, Eldon M., 5789 White, W. Bruce, 611, 2070, 4555 Yan, Lianfang, 5460 Walker, Graham C., 197, 1003, 3294, 4239, Whitehead, Terence R., 995, 3255 Yanai, Koji, 272 4249, 4257, 5263 Whitman, William B., 3072, 4091 Yancey, Stephanie D., 4625 Wallace, Carmichael J. A., 1254 Wick, Mary Jo, 5385 Yang, Ann-Fook, 927 Wallace, Susan S., 3359 Wickner, William, 4395 Yang, Hsiuchin, 5705 Walsh, Christopher T., 781 Widenhorn, K. A., 883, 3223 Yang, Maria, 5102 Walter, Ronald B., 2537 Widom, Russell L., 605 Yang, Song-Yu, 2543 Walz, Stephen E., 1027 Wijffelman, Carel A., 4424 Yang, Yun-liu, 4299 Wang, B., 468 Wikstrom, P. Mikael, 3025 Yano, Keiji, 272 Wang, John L., 3882 Wilcox, Gary, 4174 Yanofsky, Charles, 3080, 5500 Wang, Kan, 5822 Wild, James R., 446, 2306 Wilkins, Brian M., 4958 Yarbrough, Lynwood R., 552, 558, 1858 Wang, Lin-Fa, 1617 Ronald E., 335, 1467 Wang, M.-D., 468 Wilkinson, Brian J., 3283 Yasbin, Wang, Tzu-chien V., 2555 Williams, Janet, 5479 Ye, Shanzhang, 4209 Wang, Won-Bo, 4816, 4823 Williams, Jim C., 1227 Ye, Weizhang, 3882 Wang, Zhigang, 1082 Williams, Marshall V., 564 Ye, Zhi-Hai, 5968 Wanner, Barry L., 279, 1092 Wilmes, Mary R., 279, 1092 Yee, Boihon C., 2406 Ward, E. Sally, 727 Wilson, David B., 3838, 3843 Yee, Hoyt B., 1290 Ward, John E., 2659 Wilson, M. Lisa, 588 Yeung, Maria K., 3803 Ward, Kevin A., 3150 Wilson, Ruth, 1239 Yi, Tau-Mu, 2898 Ward, Susanne, 228, 4008 Winans, Stephen C., 2659, 4047 Yin, Jerry C. P., 3008 Warren, Gareth J., 163, 380 Windle, Bradford E., 4881 Yoon, Hye-Joo, 2989 Warren, R. A. J., 301 Winkler, Malcolm E., 757, 769 Yoshikawa, Hirofumi, 5935 Wassink, Hans, 2148 Wishnok, John S., 359 Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, 1333 Watanabe, Takeshi, 4001 Wisse, G. A., 4330 Yoshikawa, Masanosuke, 2480 Watanabe, Tsuguo, 1795 Wittman, Vaughan, 3206 Yoshimura, Fuminobu, 1658 Waters, Virginia L., 5153 Woisetschlager, Max, 5382 Yoshioka, Yasushi, 2749 Wolber, Paul K., 669 2687 Watson, Harold L., 4373 Woldringh, Conrad L., 452, 1533, 4828 Yoshizawa, Kiyoshi, 2683, Watson, Martin D., 4181 Wolf, Marcia K., 5539 You, I.-S., 5409 Watson, Robert J., 927 Wolf, Richard E., Jr., 365, 372 Youil, Rima, 5922 Wauben, Marca, 5870 Wolfe, Alan J., 2328 Young, C. C., 4113 Wealand, Jay L., 1858 Wolfe, Ralph S., 2711, 3946 Young, Calvin, 3367 Weaver, Elizabeth A., 507 Wolff, Claudia, 4509, 4516 Young, Dennis C., 1092 Weaver, Keith E., 4343 Wolff, E. K., 2790 Young, Kevin D., 3660 Webb, D., 2283 Wolk, C. Peter, 1239 Young, Michael, 5093 Weber, Peter C., 4972 Wolski, Susan, 4008 Young, Peter R., 3924 Webster, Robert E., 5312 Wong, Annette, 2668, 3682 Young, Richard A., 5919 Weckesser, J., 3213, 3217 Wong, Hing C., 3206 Youngman, Philip, 1598, 3513 xii AUTHOR INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Ypenburg, Niels, 4828 Zeyer, Josef, 1789 Zinder, Norton D., 4231 Yu, Guan-qiao, 3421, 4304 Zhang, Hui, 1069 Zinkewich-Peotti, Karen, 1405 Yucel, Irem, 4748 Zhang, Jiren, 522 Zinoni, Franz, 540 Yura, Takashi, 3640 Zhang, Shiping, 5460 Zubay, Geoffrey, 5460 ZhenS, Tan, 3194 Zuber, Peter, 5662 Zachariasewycz, Katherine, 3485 Zhou, Yan-ning, 3640 Zucconi, Anthony P., 877 Zalkin, Howard, 916 Zhu, Ning, 117 Zuerner, Richard L., 4548 Zamir, Ada, 3870 Zhu, Yan, 2352 Zulty, James J., 4376 Zaritsky, Arieh, 3089 Ziegle, Janet S., 380 Zumft, Walter G., 4658 Zavodny, Susan M., 442 Zimmerman, Joseph, 21 Zusman, David R., 4103 Zeikus, J. Gregory, 2809, 3Q65, 3996 Zimmermann, Luitgard, 2716 Zwieb, Christian, 2212 SUBJECT INDEX VOLUME 170 abg gene Adenine-specific purine nucleoside phos- agp gene Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC 21400, phorylase acid phosphatase, 4916 301 A. laidlawii, 564 E. coli, 4916 Accessory gene regulator S-Adenosylhomocysteine metabolism agr gene S. aureus, 4365 S. flocculus, 4376 S. aureus, 4365 aceA gene S-Adenosylmethionine synthetase mutants Agrobacterium sp. E. coli, 4528 B. subtilis, 2705 y-butyrobetaine-binding protein aceK gene E. coli, 1582 properties, 5236 E. coli, 89, 2763 heat shock proteins, 1582 purification, 5236 Acetogenesis Adenylate energy charge Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC 21400 C. thermoaceticum 0-demethylating en- E. coli, 3655 cellobiase gene abg zyme system, 5747 P. aeruginosa, 3655 structure, 301 Acetohydroxy acid synthase S. lactis, 3655 transcription analysis, 301 E. coli, 3937 Adenylate nucleotide transport Agrobacterium spp. pyruvate oxidase, 3937 Frankia sp. strain EANipec' 3053 mannopinic acid catabolism, 2939 Acetohydroxy acid synthase III Adenylylated nucleotides Agrobacterium tumefaciens E. coli ilvH mutant, 5197 C. acetobutylicum, 2301 agrocinopine-agrocin 84 locus, 1759 Acetyl coenzyme A biosynthesis, autotro- metabolism, 2301 attachment phic adh gene mutations, 1408 M. maripaludis, 3072 A. eutrophus, 685, 5248 scanning electron microscope studies, 6'-N-Acetyltransferase gene cloning, 685 2395 K. pneumoniae TnI331, 3769 sequencing, 5248 cellulose synthesis mutations, 1408 Acholeplasma laidlawii subcloning, 5248 chemotaxis (Na'-Mg2+)-ATPase, 5739 Adhesin protein Ti plasmids, 4181 purine nucleoside phosphorylase, ade- E. coli, 3350 cytokinin biosynthesis nine specific, 564 Adhesins Ti plasmid gene expression, 790 sodium transport, 5739 B. loescheii pTiA6 Acid phosphatases localization, 1123 T-strand generation, 1523 agp gene, 4916 Adsorption virE operon, 1430 E. coli, 4916 mycoplasma virus P1, 4373 pTiC58 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Aerobacter aerogenes agrocinopine-agrocin 84 locus, 1759 catechol 1,2-dioxygenase structural gene aerobactin iron uptake system, 5153 Ti plasmid gene expression catA Aerobactin iron uptake system induction, 790 DNA sequence, 4874 A. aerogenes, 5153 regulation, 790 quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase chromosomal, 5529 vir genes gene E. cloacae, 5539 enhanced induction, 5822 cloning, 2121 E. coli KI, 5529 glycine betaine, 5822 second enzyme, 2121 Aerobactin operon virA gene Acinetobacter sp. strain NCIB 9871 iucD gene transcriptional regulation, 4047 cyclohexanone monooxygenase gene nucleotide sequence, 56 VirD2-T-DNA complex, 3367 cloning, 781 product topology, 56 virE2 product sequence determination, 781 Aeromonas caviae single-stranded-DNA-binding protein, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae recA gene 2659 capsular material, 3314 characterization, 48 T-DNA, 2659 Actinomyces naeslundii cloning, 48 virE operon, 1430 fimbrial subunit gene mutant characterization, 48 virG gene cloning, 3803 Aeromonas hydrophila transcriptional regulation, 4047 nucleotide sequence, 3803 amylase gene Agrocinopine-agrocin 84 locus Actinomyces viscosus characterization, 1325 A. tumefaciens pTiC58, 1759 S. sanguis coaggregation-inhibitory poly- cloning, 1325 P-Alanine auxotrophy saccharide, 2229 nucleotide sequence, 1325 dfp locus, 872 Actinomycin C production outer membrane proteins, 499 E. coli, 872 genetics, 1360 pathogenic strain Alcaligenes eutrophus S. chrysomallus, 1360 S layer, 499, 2625, 2631 alcohol dehydrogenase gene adh Actinomycin D synthesis S layer cloning, 685 S. parvulus, 4055 pathogenic strain, 499, 2625, 2631 sequencing, 5248 Action spectra protein, 499, 2631 subcloning, 5248 H. halobium, 2790 structure, 2625 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid monoox- rapid population method, 2790 Aeromonas salmonicida ygenase gene ada deletion salmolysin duplication, 5669 E. coli, 3294 characterization, 3694 nickel resistance, 4188 methyltransferase activity, 3294 purification, 3694 pMOL28, 4188 Ada protein Aerotaxis poly-f-hydroxybutyrate biosynthetic carboxyl-terminal domain alteration, signal transduction pathway 5263 E. coli, 5507 cloning, 4431 E. coli, 1354, 5263 S. typhimurium, 5507 expression in E. coli, 4431 SOS inhibition, 1354 Aflatoxin B1-induced mutations poly-,-hydroxybutyric acid synthesis add transcription unit E. coli, 3415 E. coli, 5837 B. subtilis, 4791 MucAB dependence, 3415 gene cloning, 5837 ADE2 gene Agmatine-putrescine exchange Alcaligenes latus S. occidentalis transformation, 5572 E. faecalis, 4522 hydrogenase expression, 3891 xiii xiv SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

nickel, 3891 movement into different strains, 1034 Archaebacteria Alcohol dehydrogenase gene adh P-Amylase gene argG sequences, 3125 A. eutrophus, 685, 5248 C. thermosulfurogenes, 5848 coumarin action, 946 cloning, 685 a-Amylase inhibitor gene DNA gyrase-like enzyme, 946 sequencing, 5248 S. griseosporus, 4451 folates subcloning, 5248 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 nonmethanogens, 4608 Aldehyde metabolism ATP synthase subunit genes folic acid contents, 4420 V. harveyi, 967 cloning, 3448 M. acetivorans Alfalfa-specific signal nucleotide sequence, 3448 plasmid DNA, 4979 R. meliloti nodH gene, 5489 dinitrogen, 1239 M. barkeri Alginate conversion genes ferredoxin gene, 4406 argG sequence, 3125 cloning, 3228 heterocyst differentiation ATPase subunits, 5960 gene replacement cosmid vector, 3228 genome rearrangement, 5034 methanogenesis from acetate, 1369 P. aeruginosa, 3228 mutants M. fervidus Alginate genes complementation, 1239 methyl coenzyme M reductase genes, cloning, 1452 dinitrogen, 1239 4718 P. aeruginosa, 1452 Anabaena variabilis M. formicicum Allantoate permease gene DAL5 allophycocyanin (apc) genes formate dehydrogenase operon, 3390 S. cerevisiae, 266 regulation, 1858 formate dehydrogenase synthesis, Allele replacement structure, 1858 3384 E. coli, 5913 arsenate resistance, 1143 M. maripaludis Allomyces arbuscula nitrogenase gene expression acetyl coenzyme A biosynthesis, auto- Ca2"-activated neutral protease anaerobic, 552, 558 trophic, 3072 properties, 1254 nitrogenous compounds, 558 M. thermoautotrophicum purification, 1254 regulation, 552 methyl coenzyme M methylreductase Allophycocyanin (apc) genes phosphate transport, 1143 assay, 2711 A. variabilis, 1858 phycocyanin (cpc) genes methyl coenzyme M methylreductase Allosteric control regulation, 1858 system, 3946 aspartate transcarbamoylase, 446 structure, 1858 methyl coenzyme M reductase genes, a antigen, extracellular Anabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferase 568 M. bovis gene, 3847 P. aeruginosa, 2725 pME2001, 478 Amidotransferase reaction Anacystis nidulans RNA polymerase genes, 2247 B. subtilis, 916 flavodoxin gene transformation, 653 glutamine synthetase, 916 isolation, 258 M. thermophila Amino acid transport sequence analysis, 258 saline adaptation, 998 branched chain, 3194 transcriptional studies, 258 M. vannielii C. acetobutylicum, 817 iron stress-induced gene, 5018 argG sequence, 3125 cholesterol, 3194 phycobilisome glycoproteins, 2433 RNA polymerase-binding site, 1958 membrane vesicles, 817 phycocyanin genes transcription initiation site, 1958 S. bovis, 3531 transcriptional organization, 2961 M. voltae S. cremoris, 3194 psbC-like gene, 5018 flagella, 1752 S. cremoris growth, 700 sulfate transport, 583 pseudoauxotrophy, 4091 S. lactis growth, 700 sulfur deprivation methanogens sodium dependence, 3531 protein composition, 583 methanofuran diversity, 4594 Amino acid uptake, light driven sulfate transport, 583 nonmethanogens C. acetobutylicum, 1820 Anaerobic metabolism folates, 4608 fused membranes, 1820 denitrifying bacterium, 5778 pME2001, 478 S. cremoris, 1820 Ancylobacter aquaticus pteroylpolyglutamate contents, 4420 N4-Aminocytidine turgor pressure quinolone action, 946 E. coli, 5257 antibiotics, 1129 RNA polymerase genes, 2247 mutagenesis, 5257 Antibiotic biosynthesis RNA polymerase subunit homology Aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase P. fluorescens, 380 cyanobacteria, 4136 gene Antigen gene expression eubacteria, 4136 C. diversus, 471 R. rickettsii, 4493 S. solfataricus cloning, 471 Antigenic modulation solfapterin structure, 1396 sequencing, 471 B. pertussis, 5059 vitamin contents, 4315 Aminolevulinate synthesis apc genes argE gene cyanobacteria, 3810 A. variabilis, 1858 L. biflexa, 4548 glutamyl-tRNA, 3810 Calothrix sp. strain PCC 7601, 5512 argF gene 2-Aminopurine repair Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum P. aeruginosa, 2725 E. coli, 3485 magnetosome membrane, 834 argG gene in vivo, 3485 3125 Ammonium assimilation D-Arabinose metabolism human, glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase E. coli, 5423 M. barkeri, 3125 pathway, 980 L-fucose-D-arabinose pathway enzymes, M. vannielli, 3125 R. phaseoli, 980 5423 aroA gene Amphipathic a-helices, N terminal L-Arabinose utilization B. pertussis, 2467 functional analysis, 2296 B. subtilis Aromatic biogenic amines statistical analysis, 2296 constitutive mutants, 2855 catabolism, 393 Amylase gene araC gene P. aeruginosa, 393 A. hydrophila, 1325 activation, 4174 Arsenate resistance a-Amylase gene autoregulation, 4174 A. variabilis, 1143 B. stearothermophilus, 1034 E. coli, 4174 phosphate transport, 1143 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xv

Ascospore germination nifHDK deletion strain, 27 isolation, 1018 S. cerevisiae, 3789 nitrogenase, 27 mutation mapping, 1018 trehalose, 3789 nitrogenase proteins bacilysin synthesis Aspartate taxis mutants activities, 2148 prephenate, 482 E. coli, 4509 dissolved oxygen concentration, 2148 cat-86 induction Aspartate transcarbamoylase levels, 2148 amino acid starvation, 5642 allosteric control, 446 nitrogenase switch-off chloramphenicol, 5642 ATP-linganded form, 446 oxygen stress, 5325 Rel mutants, 5642 Aspartic proteinase gene plasmids, 1984 cat-86 regulatory leader R. niveus, 272 amicetin induction, 2933 Aspergillus nidulans B800-850 complexes stall site, 2933 isopenicillin N synthetase gene light regulation, 877 cell division genes, 4855 cloning, 3817 R. capsulatus, 877 chemotaxis expression in E. coli, 3817 Bacillus anthracis methyl group transfer, 223 ATP level edema factor toxin gene compartment-specific transcription, 5086 ethanol energization, 4589 cloning, 2263 ctc promoter mutations S. mutans, 4589 expression, 2263 suppression, 900 ATP synthase subunit genes Bacillus brevis DNA damage, 1467 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 3448 gramicidin S biosynthesis genes, 4669 DnaA-like protein ATP-ADP translocation middle wall protein gene E. coli DnaA protein, 1333 Frankia sp. strain EAN1pec, 3053 nucleotide sequence, 935 extracellular protease gene, 5557 ATPase subunits surface layer protein genes, 935 ftsA gene, 4855 M. barkeri, 5960 Bacillus cereus ftsZ gene, 4855 ATP-binding site homology forespore respiratory system gdh promoter, 5086 gram-negative bacteria, 2427 menaquinone role, 5908 glutamine synthetase ATP-dependent DNase synthesis 13-lactamase II structural gene amidotransferase reaction, 916 B. subtilis, 4791 cloning, 2873 homologous DNA recombination att sites expression, 2873 efficiency, 3978 SLPI nucleotide sequence, 2873 hpr locus recombination, 5806 Bacillus licheniformis regulation, 2560 Attachment membrane protein methylation, 4113 sequence analysis, 2560 A. tumefaciens, 1408, 2395 penicillinase genes hut operon bacterium-substratum separation dis- pen repressor, 3206 histidase gene, 3199 tance, 2027 regulation, 3206 regulatory gene, 3199 electrolytes, 2027 a&0 (CH), 1054 iep gene manganese, 2994 spoOH gene, 1054 cloning, 3593 mutations, 1408 Bacillus megaterium exoprotease production, 3593 P. fluorescens, 2027 small, acid-soluble spore protein genes intracellular serine protease expression pea lectin, 2994 integration, 4942 control, 136 R. leguminosarum, 2994 mapping, 4942 hyperproduction mutations, 136 atTn7 Bacillus sphaericus late sporulation gene expression, 796 E. coli, 352, 2832 mosquitocidal toxin genes late sporulation RNA polymerase, 5863 recognition by Tn7, 2832 sequences, 2045 macrofiber twist sequence requirements, 352 Bacillus spp. D-alanine, 2328 Autolysin gene D-benzoyl-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydro- D-cycloserine, 2336 insertional inactivation, 5931 lase, 5895 men genes S. pneumoniae, 5931 cytoplasmic membranes analysis, 2735 Autolysis energy-transducing properties, 2359 cloning, 2735 M. xanthus, 4103 Bacillus stearothermophilus expression, 2742 Autolytic activity a-amylase gene transcription, 2742 nonlytic death, 1783 movement into different strains, 1034 metE mutations S. faecalis, 1783 pullulanase, new type genetic mapping, 2705 Autolytic system characterization, 1554 physiological consequences, 2705 E. coli, 5027 cloning, 1554 methyl group transfer induction, 5027 expression in B. subtilis, 1554 chemotaxis, 223 phage MS2 lysis protein, 5027 purification, 1554 phoR gene Autotrophy transduction, 3761 nucleotide sequence, 5935 M. maripaludis, 3072 Bacillus subtilis protease gene, 5557 Avirulence genes add unit RecA induction, 1467 P. syringae pv. glycinea, 4846 transcription recE+ gene Azorhizobium sesbaniae characterization, 4791 cloning, 335 NADPH-glutamate synthase (glt) locus, cloning, 4791 functional expression, 335 1197 S-adenosylmethionine synthetase mu- recombination-deficient mutants, 3001 Azospirillum brasilense tants, 2705 Rel mutants R. meliloti exo mutations, 5401 amidotransferase reaction cat-86 induction, 5642 Azotobacter vinelandii glutamine synthetase, 916 replication fork arrest hydrogenase expression enhancement, L-arabinose utilization sequence requirements, 4083 hydrogen mediated, 1990 constitutive mutants, 2855 terC, 4083 mannose uptake, hydrogen mediated, ATP-dependent DNase synthesis RNA polymerase 1986 transcription unit, 4791 late sporulation, 5863 nijB-nifQ region B. stearothermophilus pullulanase gene, rpoD operon promoter genetic analysis, 1475 1554 H.-RNA polymerase, 1617 nucleotide sequence, 1475 bacilysin mutant rRNA operons xvi SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

instability, 605 vegetative alkaline phosphatase produc- attachment sites, 2409 sacU locus tion, 3765 T2 sacU(Hy) mutations, 5102 xyl operon dam gene, 5177 sequence, 5093, 5102 induction, 3102 T4 two-component sensor-regulator sys- repression, 3102 dCMP hydroxymethylase gene, 1994 tems, 5093, 5102 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis DexA protein nuclease activity, 5830 a28 factor crystal protein gene, 4732 E. coli heat shock sigma factor, 1384 characterization, 1560 inverted repeat sequences, 3575 Lon protease inhibition gene, 3016 isolation, 1560 larvicidal polypeptide gene, 3575 supercoiling, 1279 a28 gene mosquitocidal protein genes transcription, 1279 cloning, 1568 72-kilodalton crystal protein, 4732 T7 disruption, 1568 cloning, 727 entry into cell, 2095 sequencing, 1568 expression, 727 host restriction escape, 2095 aE gene Bacilysin mutant T7 RNA polymerase rA-like promoter, 3058 B. subtilis, 1018 E. coli ompT gene, 1245 aH-RNA polymerase mutation mapping, 1018 Bacteroides gingivalis rpoD operon promoter, 1617 Bacilysin synthesis fimbrilin gene sin operon B. subtilis, 482 cloning, 1658 expression, 1046 prephenate, 482 sequencing, 1658 structure, 1046 Bacterial alkaline phosphatase Bacteroides loescheii small, acid-soluble spore protein genes clonal variation, 279, 1092 adhesins expression regulation, 239 crp, 1092 enumeration, 1123 small, acid-soluble spore proteins cya, 1092 fimbrial association, 1123 absence, 1403 E. coli, 279, 1092 localization, 1123 localization in sporulating cells, 5963 phoM operon, 279, 1092 Bacteroides spp. small, acid-soluble spore proteins a and phoR mutant, 1092 conjugal elements, 1319 p synthesis, 1092 plasmid mobilization, 1319 mutants, 2858 Bacteriocin release protein Tn4351 SOS response, 442 E. coli, 4153 direct repeats, 449 SOS-like induction, 1467 lipid modification mutation, 4153 Bacteroides succinogenes spoOA gene Bacterio-opsin gene bop cellobiosidase vegetative alkaline phosphatase pro- expression, 4903, 4910 characterization, 2923 duction, 3765 H. halobium, 4903, 4910 purification, 2923 spoOF region Bacteriophages endoglucanases sequence, 4194 fl characterization, 2914 transcriptional analysis, 4194 gene III-colicin E3 hybrid protein, purification, 2914 spoOH gene 4231 Bacteroides uniformis a30 (abH) 1054 filamentous plasmidlike forms, 1651 vegetative alkaline phosphatase pro- E. coli F- strains, infection, 5312 tetracycline resistance elements, 1651 duction, 3765 FP43 Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus spoIIE operon transduction, 2276 membrane-derived oligosaccharide me- promoter region, 1598 A tabolism, 646 spoHIG operon E. coli RecF pathway, 4379 Bdellovibrio spp. promoter, 3058 roc deletion, 5051 penicillin-binding proteins, 3750 aE, 507, 3058 transcription termination signals, 5051 Benzoate-coenzyme A ligase spoIIC gene Mu R. palustris, 1709 structure, 1162 E. coli him hosts, 1672, 1683 D-Benzoyl-arginine-p-nitroanilide transcriptional regulation, 1162 integration, 3089 Bacillus spp., 5895 spoIVC locus lipopolysaccharide receptors, 1076 bet genes expression, 3513 lysogenization, 1672, 1683 E. coli, 5208 sporulation gene promoter, 3513 replication forks, 3089 lac fusion analysis, 5208 spoVH operon S. enteritidis, 1076 regulation, 5208 cloning, 803 P1 bgl operon dependence pattern, 803 recombination enhancement gene ref, cryptic gene activation, 218 subtilisin 4881 E. coli, 218 expression in sporulation mutants, 289 P4 Bile acid 7-dehydroxylation gene promoter mutation targets, 296 late-promoter transcription, 3543 Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708, 611, transcription, 289 P22 2070 supercoiled plasmid DNA E. coli RecF pathway, 4379 Bile acid 7-dehydroxylation multigene fam- drug-induced relaxation, 442 PBS2 ily SOS response, 442 uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitor gene, Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708, 4555 surfactin biosynthesis locus, 5662 1082 Binding terC arrest 4)11 B. japonicum-soybean cells, 3882 sequence requirements, 4083 attachment sites, 2409 Bleomycin-induced DNA repair transcription, compartment specific, X 174 S. cerevisiae, 4991 5086 E. coli outer membrane protease, 5564 bolA morphogene transformation, 3703 prohead protein gpB proteolysis, 5564 E. coli, 5169 trp operon PR4 bop gene expression cis-acting sites, 3080 phosphatidylglycerol, 2866 H. halobium, 4903, 4910 regulation, 3080 proteolysis Bordetella pertussis UV resistance 4)X174 prohead protein gpB, 5564 antigenic modulation, 5059 spores lacking small, acid-soluble RecBCD modulation, 2012 aroA gene spore proteins a and lS, 2858 S. aureu.s 4)11 cloning, 2467 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xvii

nucleotide sequence, 2467 Caldariomyces fumago Caulobacter crescentus fla-vir region, 2904 chloroperoxidase gene cell division genes filamentous-hemagglutinin genes, 2904 isolation, 1007 penicillin-binding proteins, 2319 vir locus, 2904 nucleotide sequence, 1007 cell motility virulence regulation, 5059 Calothrix sp. strain PCC 7601 flagellins, 3953 Bradyrhizobium japonicum apc genes, 5512 development regulation, 409 bacteroids phycobilisome core component genes, flagellar basal body gene molybdate transport, 5613 5512 organization, 4119 binding Campylobacter coli temporal expression, 4119 quantitative assay, 3882 antigenic variation, 316 flagellins soybean cells, 3882 genomic rearrangements, 316 cell motility, 3953 dicarboxylic acid transport Campylobacter fetus K. pneumoniae oriC, 3774 nitrogen fixation, 184 surface array protein, 4165 penicillin-binding proteins R. meliloti dct genes, 184 Campylobacterjejuni cell division genes, 2319 ferredoxinlike protein, 1999 gene disruption and replacement, 1704 pilus formation, 409 fixA gene mutagenesis, 1704 polar morphogenesis, 409 regulation, 1205 Candida albicans surface array gene fixBC operon opaque-white phenotype transition, 895 transcription, 4706 regulation, 1205 cap locus trpFBA operon structure, 757 frxA gene, 1999 copy number, 859 tryptophan biosynthesis, 769 glutamine synthetase II gene regulation H. influenzae, 859 CDP-diacylglycerol synthesis mutant ntrC product, 5452 Capsular material S. cerevisiae, 1878 hydrogenase expression A. pleuropneumoniae, 3314 celE gene selenium, 5594 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis binding protein, 3843 molybdate transport, 5613 E. coli, 2599 T. fusca, 3838, 3843 nitrogen fixation regulators, 2599 transcription, 3838 dicarboxylic acid transport, 184 Capsular polysaccharides Cell division R. meliloti dct genes, 184 E. coli, 1305 cell wall synthesis rate, 422 ntrC product E. coli Kl, 2646 control, 4338 glutamine synthetase II gene regula- gel electrophoresis, 2646 cyclic AMP, 65 tion, 5452 gene organization, 1305 E. coli, 65, 431, 436, 1533, 4338 selenium Capsulation ftsZ84 mutation, 4338 hydrogenase expression, 5594 cap copy number, 859 growth law, 5001 uptake hydrogenase activity, 1962 H. influenzae, 859 isogenic mutants, 1533 Braided trichomes Capsule leucine uptake rate, 436 M. laminosus, 1519 fine structure precursor pool size variation, 431 Bromoperoxidase gene E. coli, 4960 protein synthesis rate, 436 S. aureofaciens, 5890 K. pneumoniae, 4960 S. typhimurium, 422 Brucella strains Carbohydrate metabolism Cell division genes DNA polymorphism, 4603 S. cerevisiae cell cycle, 4808 B. subtilis, 4855 bsgA gene Carbohydrate uptake mutation C. crescentus, 2319 cloning, 5279 E. coli, 2568 penicillin-binding proteins, 2319 M. xanthus, 5279, 5289 Carbon dioxide fixation genes Cell envelope product, 5289 R. sphaeroides, 2153 Chlamydia spp., 1389 Buoyant density Carbon flow regulation Cell envelope proteins E. coli, 452 P. arboris, 3996 "T. thermophilus", 2441 osmotic shock, 452 S. ruminantium, 5305 Cell growth Butyraldehyde dehydrogenase Carboxypeptidase, arginine specific amino acid transport, 700 C. acetobutylicum, 2971 M. salivarium, 1795 division cycle, 5001 Butyrate kinase gene Cardiolipin synthesis S. cremoris, 700 C. acetobutylicum, 4613 cls gene disruption, 775 S. lactis, 700 y-Butyrobetaine-binding protein E. coli, 775 Cell interactions Agrobacterium sp., 5236 Carotenoid genes Congo red, 5765 inactivation protection, 4675 M. xanthus, 5765 C4-dicarboxylate transport genes cat-86 induction Cell shape nitrogen fixation genes, 927 B. subtilis Rel mutants, 5642 S. mutans, 3752 R. meliloti, 927 cat-86 regulatory leader Cell size Ca2"-activated neutral protease B. subtilis, 2933 E. coli, 452 A. arbuscula, 1254 catA gene osmotic shock, 452 properties, 1254 A. calcoaceticus, 4874 Cell surface purification, 1254 P. aeruginosa, 4458 H. elongata Cadmium resistance plasmids Catabolic plasmid hydrophibic-hydrophilic changes, 132 conjugative transfer, 2401 R. meliloti, 1153 NaCl responses, 132 R. fascians, 2401 Catalase HPI gene katG lipopolysaccharide structure Calcofluor White E. coli, 4415 monoclonal antibody binding, 1063 chitin synthases, 1945 catBC genes M. xanthus chitin synthesis, 1950 P. aeruginosa, 4458 cohesion, 5771 S. cerevisiae, 1945, 1950 catBC operon monoclonal antibody binding, 1063 Calcofluor-binding exopolysaccharide P. putida, 1297 Cell surface antigens overproduction, 4249 promoter, 1297 M. xanthus R. meliloti, 4239, 4249 Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase structural gene monoclonal antibodies, 5953 synthesis genes, 4239 A. calcoaceticus, 4874 submerged development, 5953 xviii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Cell wall Chlorella pyrenoidosa Clostridium sticklandii N. asteroides queuine D-selenocystine a3,,-lyase mycolic acid structure, 1137 lack of synthesis, 5633 characterization, 751 S. cerevisiae salvage, 5633 purification, 751 Hg+ resistance, 5877 meta-Chlorobenzoate utilization Clostridium thermoaceticum Cell wall synthesis Pseudomonas sp. strain B13, 1907 nickel transport, 5705 rate, 422 tandem DNA amplification, 1907 0-demethylating enzyme system, 5747 S. typhimurium division cycle, 422 Chlorobium vibrioforme Clostridium thermocellum Cellobiase gene abg 2-oxo-3-methylvalerate biosynthesis, xylanase gene xynZ Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC 21400, 3287 deletion analysis, 4582 301 Chlorocatechol metabolism gene expres- nucleotide sequence, 4582 Cellobiosidase sion xylanase Z B. succinogenes, 2923 P. putida, 2412 purification, 4576 Cellulomonas uda Chloroflexus aurantiacus Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum anaerobic chemostat growth lipopolysaccharide, 3213 ethanol tolerance, 2809 end product inhibition, 2827 malate dehydrogenase hydrogen tolerance, 2809 Cellulose synthesis mutations characterization, 2947 Clostridium thermosulfurogenes A. tumefaciens, 1408 purification, 2947 thermophilic 3-amylase gene CheB Chloroperoxidase gene cloning, 5848 E. coli, 5728 C. fumago, 1007 sequencing, 5848 methylesterase activity, 5728 Chlorophenol effects c/s gene Chemostat growth, anaerobic E. coli, 4954 disruption, 775 C. uda, 2827 pentachlorophenol-degrading Flavobac- E. coli, 775 end product inhibition, 2827 terium sp., 4954 cmp element Chemotaxis Chloroplasts DNA replication enhancer, 5709 A. tumefaciens phylogeny Coaggregation-inhibitory polysaccharide Ti plasmids, 4181 cyanobacteria, 3584 S. sanguis, 2229 aerotaxis CHOI gene Coenzyme A content E. coli, 5507 phosphatidylserine synthase, 3778 E. coli, 3961 S. typhimurium, 5507 S. cerevisiae, 3778 Cohesion signal transduction, 5507 Chromatiaceae M. xanthus cell surface, 5771 ATP requirement site, 2698 lipopolysaccharides, 3217 Colicin E3 B. subtilis Chromatium tepidum fl gene III hybrid protein, 4231 methyl group transfer, 223 lipopolysaccharide, 3217 Colicin E8 E. coli Chromosome partition gene activity, 3237 aspartate receptor mutants, 4509 E. coli, 3967 gene structure, 3237 ATP requirement site, 2698 Chromosome replication initiation com locus CheB methylesterase activity, 5728 coordination, 852 competence control proteins, 3136 maltose, 4516 dnaA alleles, 852 S. pneumoniae, 3136 Tar C-terminal fragment, 2521, 5134 dnaK gene, 972 Compartment-specific transcription flagellar-rotation pausing, 3627 E. coli, 852, 972 B. subtilis, 5086 methyl grQup transfer, 223 Citrate utilization determinant Competence control proteins R. meliloti IS3411 sequence, 1902 com locus, 3136 dual pathway, 3249 Citrobacter diversus S. pneumoniae, 3136 luteolin, 3164 aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase Congo red mutants, 3249 gene M. xanthus cell-cell interactions, 5765 R. sphaeroides, 5673 cloning, 471 Conjugative plasmid transfer S. aurantia, 1768 sequencing, 471 E. faecalis to E. coli, 4388 S. typhimurium Clostridium acetobutylicum Conjugative plasmids ATP requirement site, 2698 adenylylated nucleotides Incll plasmid ColIb-P9, 4958 Chitin synthases metabolism, 2301 SOS inhibitor gene, 4392 Calcofluor White, 1945 amino acid transport Conjugative transposon Tn916 S. cerevisiae, 1945 membrane vesicles, 817 genetic organization, 245 Chitin synthesis amino acid uptake, light driven Conjugative transposon Tn3701 Calcofluor White, 1950 fused membranes, 1820 chromosomal element, 3930 S. cerevisiae, 1950 butyraldehyde dehydrogenase S. pyogenes, 3930 Chitin utilization genes properties, 2971 Copper resistance genes cloning, 2984 purification, 2971 induction, 4399 S. liquefaciens, 2984 butyrate kinase gene P. syringae pv. tomato, 2879, 4399 Chlamydia spp. cloning, 4613 sequence, 2879 ultrastructure ginA gene Coumarin action cell envelope, 1389 molecular analysis, 400 archaebacteria, 946 host cell 1389 COX3 gene, mitochondrial interaction, regulation, 400 nuclear protein-coding gene, 1399 Chlamydia trachomatis phosphotransbutyrylase gene S. cerevisiae, 1399 outer membrane protein gene omp1 cloning, 4613 Coxiella burnetii tandem promoters, 744 Clostridium acidiurici heat shock operon Chiamydomronas reinhardtii 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase antigen production, 1227 queuine gene sequence, 3255 mycobacteria, 1227 lack of synthesis, 5633 S. cerevisiae C,-tetrahydrofolate syn- vaccine development, 1227 salvage, 5633 thase, 3255 cpc genes chIEN operon Clostridium pasteurianum A. nidulans, 2961 E. coli, 4097 nickel transport, 234 A. variabilis, 1858 VOL . 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xix crp gene spf gene transcription, 3110 T4, 5830 divergent RNA, 5076 Cyclic glucans Dextransucrase secretion E. coli, 5076 R. meliloti, 4569 L. mesenteroides, 5006 transcriptional control, 5076 Cyclohexanone monooxygenase gene dfp locus crp mutation Acinetobacter sp. strain NCIB 9871, 781 f-alanine auxotrophy, 872 E. coli, 2352 cys genes E. coli, 872 fuc operon activation, 2352 S. typhimurium, 42 Diamine transport crr gene transductional library, 42 E. fcecalis, 4522 E. coli, 3827 cysK region Dicarboxylic acid transport Cryptic gene activation DNA sequence, 3150 B. japonicum, 184 DNA fragment excision, 218 E. coli, 3150 nitrogen fixation, 184 E. coli bgl operon, 218 ptsH linkage, 3150 Dichloromethane dehalogenase Crystal protein gene S. typhimurium, 3150 catalytic activity, 5698 B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, 4732 Cytochrome c2 methylotrophic bacterium, 5698 ctc promoter mutations R. capsulatus, 2388 2-Dichlorophenoxyacetate degradation B. subtilis, 900 respiratory growth, 2388 Flavobacterium plasmid, 3897 suppression, 900 Cytochrome components 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid monooxy- Cyanobacteria D. desulfuricans, 5545 genase gene A. nidulans Cytochrome d terminal oxidase A. eutrophus, 5669 flavodoxin gene, 258 E. coli, 961 duplication, 5669 phycobilisome glycoproteins, 2433 expression regulation, 961 Dihydrofolate reductase mutant phycocyanin transcriptional organiza- Cytokinin biosynthesis E. coli, 3040 tion, 2961 A. tumefaciens Ti piasmid gene, 790 gene deletion, 3040 sulfate transport, 583 Cytoplasmic factors gene replacement, 3040 A. variabilis protein translocation, 126 Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase allophycocyanin genes, 1858 Cytoplasmic membranes arsenate resistance, 1143 Bacillus spp., 2359 cloning, 1511 phosphate transport, 1143 energy-transducing properties, 2359 E. coli, 1505, 1511 phycocyanin genes, 1858 expression, 1511 A. variabilis, anaerobic DALS gene properties, 1505 nitrogenase gene expression, 552, 558 S. cerevisiae, 266 purification, 1505 aminolevulinate synthesis dam gene Dinitrogen glutamyl-tRNA, 3810 T2, 5177 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 1239 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 dapF mutant Diphtheria tox promoter ATP synthase subunit genes, 3448 E. coli, 2031 E. coli, 5949 dinitrogen, 1239 peptidoglycan, 2031 Disulfide reductases ferredoxin gene, 4406 dCMP hyd&oxymethylase gene H. halobium, 3459 heterocyst differentiation, 5034 T4, 1994 Division cycle mutants, 1239 Deinococcus radiodurans cell wall synthesis rate, 422 Calothrix sp. strain PCC 7601 duplication insertion, 2126 E. coli, 431, 436 apc genes, 5512 Deletions growth law, 5001 chloroplasts, 3584 S. cerevisiae, 3870 leucine uptake rate, 436 DNAs Denitrification precursor pool size variation, 431 methylated bases, 1934 phthalate, 2501 restriction analysis, 1934 protein synthesis rate, 436 soil bacterium, 2501 S. typhimurium, 422 iron stress-induced gene, 5018 Denitrifying bacterium M. laminosus phthalate Division site braided trichomes, 1519 anaerobic metabolism, 5778 E. coli N. commune 3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phos- minB locus, 2106 nifHD cloning, 3297 phate synthase, tryptophan sensitive DNA gyrase-like enzyme P. laminosum catalytic sites, 5500 archaebacteria, 946 NADPH-dependent glutamate dehy- E. coli, 5500 DNA methylation drogenase, 4897 feedback sites, 5500 M. rouxii, 5946 phylogeny 6-Deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase DNA polymerase I chloroplasts, 3584 electron transport components E. coli, 2083 psbC-like gene, 5018 purification, 1548 spot 42 RNA, 2083 RNA polymerase subunit homology reconstitution, 1548 DNA polymorphism archaebacteria, 4136 macrolide antibiotic synthesis, 1548 Brucella strains, 4603 eubacteria, 4136 2-Deoxyglucose resistance DNA repair Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942 S. cerevisiae, 2870 bleomycin, 4991 irpA gene, 4466 Deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dut) muta- E. coli, 1, 3359 Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 tion gene derepression, I aminolevulinate synthesis, 3810 Cyclic AMP E. coli, 1069 S. cerevisiae, 4991 cell division, 65 lethality, 1069 DNA replication E. coli, 65, 3443, 3903 Desulfovibrio desulfuricans enhancer, 5709 pH-sensitive growth, 3443 cytochrome components, 5545 DNA replication control starvation protein synthesis, 3903 Development regulation P1, 3554 Cyclic AMP receptor protein C. crescentus, 409 DNA replication termination conformational change, 1417 Developmental promoter E. coli, 662, 4293 intragenic suppressors, 1417 M. xanthus, 5552 sites, 4293 Cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor protein DexA protein staphylococcal plasmids, 3427 E. coli, 3110 nuclease activity, 5830 trans-acting factor, 662 xx SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

DNA supercoiling Endoxylanase acetohydroxy acid synthase III E. coli, 4983 C. thermocellum, 4576 ilvH mutant, 5197 rifampin, 4983 Energy transduction acid phosphatases rpoB mutations, 4983 Bacillus spp., 2359 agp gene, 4916 tonB expression, 2816 cytoplasmic membranes, 2359 ada deletion DNA superhelicity entA gene methyltransferase activity, 3294 E. coli, 4266 S. aureus, 34 Ada protein rpoB mutations, 4266 sequence, 34 carboxyl-terminal domain alteration, DNA uptake entB gene 5263 yeast nuclei, in vitro, 547 discrete genetic element, 4033 adenosylmethionine synthetase (metK) DnaA protein S. aureus, 4033 mutant B. subtilis, 1333 entE gene heat shock proteins, 1582 E. coli, 1333 S. aureus, 2954 adenylate energy charge, 3655 interactions, 1333 sequence, 2954 adhesin protein, 3350 dnaB gene Enteric bacteria aerobactin iron uptake system, 5529 dominant lethal mutations, 3682 hsd genes, 1775 aerobic growth S. typhimurium, 2668, 3682 Enterobacter cloacae tetracycline resistance, 1423 sequence, 2668 aerobactin iron uptake system, 5539 aerotaxis dnaK gene Enterobacterial common antigen synthesis signal transduction, 5507 chromosome replication initiation, 972 E. coli rif mutant, 228 aflatoxin B1-induced mutations E. coli, 972 S. typhimurium ArjbA mutant, 4008 MucAB dependence, 3415 dsdC gene Enterobactin genes agp gene, 4916 E. coli, 330 S. flexneri, 5579 P-alanine auxotrophy Duplication insertion Enterococcus faecalis dfp locus, 872 D. radiodurans, 2126 agmatine-putrescine exchange, 4522 allele.replacement, 5913 dut mutation diamine transport, 4522 N4-aminocytidine E. coli, 1069 pADI pheromone response incorporation, 5257 lethality, 1069 lacZ transcriptional fusions, 4343 metabolism, 5257 regulation, 4343 mutagenesis, 5257 e14 pheromone-inducible antigen genes 2-aminopurine repair attachment site, 2040 cloning, 5161 in vivo, 3485 E. coli, 2040, 2056 expression, 5161 D-arabinose metabolism lit(Con) rtutation, 2056. Tn9O6 L-fucose-D-arabinose pathway Edema factor toxin gene terminal sequences, 3046 enzymes, 5423 B. anthracis, 2263 Enterotoxins araC gene cloning, 2263 staphylococcal type A activation, 4174 expression, 2263 gene sequence, 34 autoregulation, 4174 Efflux reaction staphylococcal type E aspartate taxis mutants S. pyogenes, 1874 gene sequence, 2954 Tar chemoreceptor, 4509 egl gene EnvZ ATP-binding site homology, gram-nega- cloning, 1445 E. coli, 5971 tive bacteria, 2427 P. 1445 phosphorylation in vitro, 5971 attTn7 solanacearum, envZ gene recognition by Tn7, 2832 phytopathogenicity role, i445 E. coli, 5080 sequence requirements, 352 Ehrlichia risticii omp gene expression, 5080 autolysis resistance, 1373 substrate utilization, 5012 ermSF autolytic system Ehrlichia sennetsu cloning, 1800 induction, 5027 substrate utilization, 5012 S. fradiae, 1800 phage MS2 lysis protein, 5027 Elastase sequencing, 1800 bacterial alkaline phosphatase P. aeruginosa, 5241 translational attenuation control, 1800 clonal variation, 279, 1092 Elastase precursor Erwinia chrysanthemi phoM operon, wild type, 279 characterization, 1215 iron assimilation, 2419 synthesis, 1092 P. aeruginosa, 1215 pel genes bacteriocin release protein partial purification, 1215 organization, 3468 lipid modification mutation, 4153 Elastase structural gene structure, 3468 bacteriophage infection P. aeruginosa, 4309 virulence, 2419 F- strains, 5312 Electron flow Erwinia herbicola filamentous, 5312 P. arboris, 3996 ice nucleation protein, 669 bet genes Electron microscopy Erwinia stewartii lac fusion analysis, 5208 A. tumefaciens attachment, 2395 exopolysaccharide genes, 865 regulation, 5208 Electroporation Erythrobacter sp. strain OChl 14 bgl operon bacteriochlorophyll synthesis, 1843 cryptic gene activation, 218 transformation, 2796 carotenoid synthesis, 1843 bolA morphogene Endoglucanase membrane systems, 1843 cloning, 5169 B. succinogenes, 2914 pigment-protein complexes, 1843 expression, 5169 Endoglucanase synthesis Escherichia coli identification, 5169 T. reesei, 3689 A. eutrophus poly-p-hydroxybutyrate buoyant density, 452 Endonuclease IV gene nfo biosynthetic pathway, 4431 capsular polysaccharides E. coli, 5141 aceK gene gel electrophoresis, 2646 sequence, 5141 expression, 89, 4528 gene organization, 1305 Endonucleolytic cleavages sequence, 89, 2763, 4528 capsule lacl mRNA, 2860 acetohydroxy acid synthase fine structure, 4960 lacZ mRNA, 2860 pyruvate oxidase, 3937 capsule synthesis regulators VOL . 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxi

fine-structure mapping, 2599 dimethyl sulfoxide reductase gene-product relationship, 5440 identification, 2599 cloning, 1511 fhuA gene carbohydrate uptake mutation expression, 1511 hybrid-protein export, 2267 characterization, 2568 properties, 1505 fic-l gene isolation, 2568 purification, 1505 cloning, 3864 mapping, 2568 diphtheria tox promoter, 5949 deletion, 3864 cardiolipin synthesis division cycle filamentous-bacteriophage infection cls gene disruption, 775 leucine uptake rate, 436 F- strains, 5312 catalase HPI gene katG, 4415 precursor pool size variation, 431 fimbriae cell division protein synthesis rate, 436 FIC, 3983 control, 4338 division site P-fimbrial subunits, genetic manipula- cyclic AMP, 65 minB locus, 2106 tion, 5870 ftsZ84 mutation, 4338 DNA photolyase complex Sfa, 3983 isogenic mutants, 1533 UV mutagenesis, 5371 firA gene product cell size, 452 DNA polymerase I 17-kilodalton protein, 5916 CheB spot 42 RNA, 2083 flagella methylesterase activity, 5728 DNA repair, 3359 transcriptional activators, 1575 chemotaxis gene derepression, I flagellin ATP requirement site, 2698 DNA replication termination minimum sized, 3305 CheB methylesterase activity, 5728 trans-acting factor, 662 flagellum antigenicity, 485 oxygen, 5507 DNA supercoiling fla-lacZ fusions signal transduction, 5507 rifampin, 4983 soluble beta-galactosidase, 1980 Tar C-terminal fragment, 2521, 5134 rpoB mutations, 4983 fol mutant, 3301 chiEN operon DNA superhelicity frdR gene cloning, 4097 rpoB mutations, 4266 frdABCD operon, 623 sequencing, 4097 DnaA protein nitrate regulation, 623 chlorophenol effects, 4954 B. subtilis DnaA-like protein, 1333 ftsZ84 mutation, 4338 chromosome partition gene, 3967 dnaK gene fuc operons chromosome replication initiation chromosome replication initiation, 972 activation, 2352 coordination, 852 dsdC gene crp mutation, 2352 dnaA alleles, 852 DNA sequence, 330 L-fucose metabolism dnaK gene, 972 dut mutation, 1069 L-lactaldehyde dissimilation regula- cls gene e14 tion, 416 cardiolipin synthesis, 775 attachment site, 2040 L-fucose-D-arabinose pathway enzymes, disruption, 775 lit(Con) mutation, 2056 5423 coenzyme A content endonuclease IV gene nfo Fur operator site, 1015 regulation, 3961 sequence, 5141 gdhA gene ColE 1 kil gene expression, 4963 enterobacterial common antigen synthe- R. phaseoli nitrogen fixation, 985 crp gene sis, 228 gIpABC operon divergent RNA, 5076 EnvZ gene-polypeptide relationships, 2448 transcriptional control, 5076 phosphorylation in vitro, 5971 nucleotide sequence, 2448 crp mutation envZ gene glpD gene fuc operon activation, 2352 omp gene expression, 5080 operator structure, 4209 crr gene, 3827 excision repair promoter structure, 4209 cryptic gene activation, 218 apurinic sites, 3359 gItBDF operon, 821 cyclic AMP thymine glycols, 3359 glutaredoxin mutant cell division, 65 urea residues, 3359 characterization, 308 pH-sensitive growth, 3443 exonuclease I isolation, 308 starvation protein synthesis, 3903 sbcB mutations, 2089 sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor protein xonA mutations, 2089 aerobic spfgene transcription, 3110 exonuclease III (xth) gene glpD gene, 4209 cysK region nucleotide sequence, 4542 sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, DNA sequence, 3150 exonuclease VIII anaerobic ptsH linkage, 3150 polyclonal antibodies. 5797 gIpABC operon, 2448 cytochrome d terminal oxidase recE locus, 5797 glycerolphosphoryl diester phosphodies- expression regulation, 961 exopolysaccharide overproduction terase dapF mutants new locus, 1405 phoB dependence, 4125 peptidoglycan, 2031 FIC fimbrial gene, 3983 Ugp transport system, 4125 dcm mutant F41 adhesin glyoxylate bypass operon EcoRII methylase, 4967 genetic organization, 4890 cloning, 386 very short patch mismatch repair, K88 determinant, 4890 functional map, 386 4967 nucleotide sequence, 4890 gnd alleles 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phos- F- strains cloning, 365 phate synthase, tryptophan sensitive filamentous-bacteriophage infection, growth-rate-dependent expression, 365 catalytic sites, 5500 5312 nucleotide sequences, 372 feedback sites, 5500 fadAB operon growth requirements deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dut) muta- gene products, 2543 phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthe- tion, 1069 fadL gene product, 2850 tase mutant, 1148 dfp locus fadR superrepressor mutants, 1666 guaC-nadC-aroP region P-alanine auxotrophy, 872 fdv gene genetic characterization, 463 dihydrofolate reductase mutant gene-product relationship, 5440 molecular characterization, 463 gene deletion, 3040 fec genes, 2716 H202 resistance gene replacement, 3040 fAlA gene starvation, 3910 xxii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

H. influenzae rec-l gene, 3876 gene organization, 1305 isolation, 2136 H+-ATPase mutant katE gene methylesterase activity temperature-sensitive growth, 179 transcriptional regulation, 4286 CheB, 5728 uncG gene, 179 katG gene, 4415 methyltransferase activity heat resistance kdsA gene ada deletion, 3294 starvation, 3910 localization, 5382 miaA gene heat shock gene, dispensable, 2977 17-kilodalton protein cloning, 4147 heat shock proteins firA gene product, 5916 minB locus adenosylmethionine synthetase (metK) Kilr mutants isolation, 2106 mutant, 1582 ColE 1 kil gene expression, 4963 properties, 2106 heat shock sigma factor L-lactaldehyde dissimilation minicell-forming mutants mutants, 3640 aerobic-anaerobic regulation, 416 anucleate-rod production, 3094 T4 gene expression, 1384 lactose permease minicell production, 3094 heat-labile enterotoxin truncated forms, 2639 mini-F maintenance, 5272 Arg-146 substitution, 2208 LacZ-PbpB fusion protein, 3333 molybdopterin biosynthesis hemB gene LamB progenitor, 1973 chIEN operon, 4097 cloning, 1021 leader peptidase MotA protein heme-deficient mutant, 78 membrane vesicles, 4395 overproduction, 588 hemolysin genes leucine uptake rate wild-type level, 588 transcriptional organization, 1622 division cycle, 436 mre products, 4619 him hosts lexA2 gene mreB gene Mu lysogenization, 1672, 1683 hypocleavable repressor, 1975 DNA sequence, 4619 hipA mutants lexA gene mRNA decay altered lethality, 3321 replacement, 5913 ams pnp rnb mutants, 4625 cell division impairment, 3321 lexA mutants, noncleavable Mu integration homoprotocatechuate catabolic pathway characterization, 2163 replication forks, 3089 (hpc) genes isolation, 2163 Mu lysogenization, 1672, 1683 cloning, 5317 lipid A biosynthesis MucAB expression, 5317 lpxA gene sequence, 1268 aflatoxin BI-induced mutations, 3415 hsd genes, 1775 lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis murE-murF region H+-serine cotransport, 2236 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate block, coding regions, 3786 htpG gene 2185 products, 3786 dispensable, 2977 lipoprotein 28, 3747 murH locus HU lipoprotein export peptidoglycan biosynthesis, 2197 intracellular location, 4757 sec mutants, 4001 mutagenesis HU-P Lit protein, 2056 N4-aminocytidine, 5257 hupB mutations, 1541 Lon protease gene derepression, 1 hupB mutations inhibition, 3016 mutM locus characterization, 1541 T4 gene, 3016 G C-oT. A transversions, 5405 construction, 1541 lpxA gene sequence, 1268 mvr mutants, 2136 hybrid-protein export, 2267 MalK overproduction, 4598 mvrA gene hydrogen metabolism maltoporin cloning, 2136 hydB gene, 5433 X-binding site, 1730 nfo gene hydF gene, 5446 starch-binding site, 1730 sequence, 5141 hydrogenase maltose chemotaxis nitrate reductase operon isoenzymes, 1220 maltose-binding protein, 4516 anaerobic gene expression, 4437 labile activity, 1220 Tar signal transducer, 4516 narI region, 1721 illegitimate recombination, 2898 maltose-binding protein narL gene, 1589 ilv operon export, 5654 narX gene, 1589 translational coupling, 4798 leader peptide, 5654 nitrate, 4437 ilvH mutant secretion, 4445 nitrosation catalysis, 359 acetohydroxy acid synthase III, 5197 manganese superoxide dismutase nitrate regulation inner membrane vesicles regulation, 2511 frd operon, 623 penicillin-binding proteins, 3660 mannitol permease nitrosation inorganic pyrophosphatase gene ppa, genetic analyses, 1290 catalysis, 359 5901 marA locus nitrate reductase operon, 359 inosine-guanosine phosphorylase OmpF porin expression, 5416 nipA mutants properties, 3493 membrane depolarization lipoprotein 28, 3747 purification, 3493 secretion, 2051 nusA amber mutation integration host factor mutants signal peptide mutation, 2051 temperature-sensitive growth, 908 ompF gene, 4950 membrane function oligosaccharide biosynthesis iron dicitrate transport genes, 2716 oxygen stress, 1837 osmotic regulation, 2457 isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phos- membrane vesicles omp gene expression phatase gene aceK leader peptidase insertion, 4395 envZ, 5080 expression, 89 membrane-bound phosphatases OmpC porin nucleotide sequence, 89, 2763 pgpA gene, 5110 pore domain, 3611 isocitrate lyase (aceK) gene pgpB gene, 5117 ompF gene hyperexpression, 4528 membrane-derived oligosaccharide bio- integration host factor mutants, 4950 isolation, 4528 synthesis OmpF porin expression sequencing, 4528 osmotic regulation, 2457 marA locus, 5416 A2-isopentenyl adenosine metallothionein gene, yeast, 21 OmpT miaA gene, 4147 methyl viologen-sensitive mutants protease IV identity, 5625 K antigens characterization, 2136 ompT gene VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxiii

outer membrane protease, 1245 polyamine contents, 3131 radB101 mutation, 2392 T7 RNA polymerase cleavage, 1245 polyphosphate utilization recN mutations, 2555 omsA mutation phosphatases, 5216 recombination thermoregulated protein release, 5229 pore proteins, 5216 illegitimate, 2898 osmoregulated genes, 534 porin mutants, 528 release factor effects osmoregulation porphobilinogen deaminase activity, UAA codons, 4714 amber suppressors, 3601 4969 release factor genes trehalose accumulation, 3601 ppa gene, 5901 mapping, 4537 osmotic shock precursor pool size variation replication inhibition sites, 4293 buoyant density, 452 division cycle, 431 resistance gene transfer cell size, 452 prfB gene gram-positive cocci, 1739 osmotic stress UGA-suppressor mutations, 5378 respiratory-deficient mutant proline biosynthesis genes, 5943 PrIA, 5928 characterization, 78 outer membrane proteins prlA mutant alleles isolation, 78 OmpC porin mutants, 528 staphylokinase processing, 5389 rffmutant, 228 outer-membrane-associated protease, proline biosynthesis genes L-rhamnose metabolism 3640 osmotic stress, 5943 L-lactaldehyde dissimilation regula- oxygen stress proline carrier cation sensitivity mutant, tion, 416 HPI catalase, 1837 5185 Rhodococcus plasmid transformation, membrane function, 1837 protease IV 638 P pilus proteins characterization, 5625 ribosomal protein S20 antigenic properties, 1887 OmpT identity, 5625 regulatory mutations, 2485 structure, 1887 primary structure, 5625 synthesis, 2485 P. aeruginosa exotoxin A, 714 purification, 5625 ribosome synthesis P. stuartii urease expression, 2202 protease Re rRNA overproduction, 5042 partition gene, 3967 characterization, 921 RNase D gene rnd penicillin-binding protein 3 purification, 921 characterization, 522 lipid modification, 5392 protease-constitutive RecA proteins cloning, 522 pointed polar caps, 4828 activation by nucleoside overexpression, 522 penicillin-binding proteins triphosphates, 4816 RNase III inner membrane vesicles, 3660 activation by rRNA and tRNA, 4823 expression in S. cerevisiae, 2989 peptide chain release factor 2 gene protein export rpoB mutations UGA-suppressor mutations, 5378 PrlA, 5928 DNA superhelicity, 4266 peptidoglycan SecB, 5928 rpoH mutations amino acid starvation, 1373 protein synthesis rate deletion, 3479 autolysis resistance, 1373 division cycle, 436 insertion, 3479 dapF mutants, 2031 protein translocation 32, 3479 LL-diaminopimelic acid, 2031 cytoplasmic factors, 126 rpsT mutations peptidoglycan biosynthesis proton-translocating ATPase genes ribosomal protein S20 synthesis, 2485 murH locus, 2197 expression regulation, 459 rpsU-dnaG-rpoD operon stationary-phase cells, 5224 PstA protein regulation, 5759 P-fimbrial subunits, 5870 Arg-220, 2283 tandem promoters, 5759 pgpA gene ptsH gene, 3827 rRNA overproduction sequence, 5110 ptsI gene, 3827 ribosome synthesis, 5042 pgpB gene putP mutant, 5185 rrnB operon product localization, 5117 pyrophosphatase (inorganic) gene ppa, spacer loop sequence, 1235 sequence, 5117 5901 ruv operon ,X174 prohead protein gpB proteolysis, pyruvate formate-lyase regulation, 4322 5564 anaerobic regulation, 5330 structure, 4322 phoB-dependent phosphodiesterase, 4125 pyruvate oxidase S fimbrial adhesin gene, 3983 phoM operon, wild type acetohydroxy acid synthase, 3937 S. aureus protein secretion genes, 5337 Bap clonal variation, 279 radB0l1 mutation S. cerevisiae metallothionein gene, 21 molecular cloning, 279 recN262 mutation, 2392 S. enteritidis fimbrin gene, 4216 phoR mutant rcsB, 2599 S. typhimurium tricarboxylate transport bacterial alkaline phosphatase, 1092 rcsC, 2599 operon, 883 phosphate transport recA mutants sad gene PstA protein, 2283 perturbed replication, 2549 cloning, 991 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phos- RecA proteins, protease constitutive expression, 991 photransferase system activation by nucleoside sbcB mutations, 2089 gene expression, 3827 triphosphates, 4816 sec mutants phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase activation by rRNA and tRNA, 4823 lipoprotein export, 4001 mutant, 1148 RecBCD activity secA gene pH-sensitive growth modulation by phages, 2012 DNA sequence, 3404 cyclic AMP deficiency, 3443 recE locus temperature-sensitive mutations, 3404 pili, type I exonuclease VIII polyclonal antibod- secA regulation purification, 3350 ies, 5797 protein secretion defects, 3281 plasmid copy number determination RecF pathway sec mutants, 3281 Tn5 inversion event assay, 4972 activation by phage-encoded SecB, 5928 plasmid maintenance mutants, 5272 functions, 4379 secretion plasmid replication patterns, 1380 recF suppression chimeric polypeptides, 2212 polar caps, pointed, 4828 recA mutations, 3675 degradation, 2212 polC(Ts) pcbAl strains recJ mutations, 2555 maltose-binding protein, 4445 Klenow fragment, 456 recN262 mutation membrane depolarization, 2051 xxiv SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

selenium metabolism, 540 trehalose synthesis, osmoregulatory, Excision repair D-serine deaminase activator gene dsdC 2841 E. coli, 3359 DNA sequence, 330 trmD operon Excretion mutants L-serine transport noncoordinate translational regulation, Vibrio sp., marine, 3537 H+ cotransport, 2236 3025 exo mutants Shiga-like toxin type II variant, 4233 tsr mutants R. meliloti a 32 factor chemosensing, 4769 nod genes, 1003 mutants, 3640 thermosensing, 4769 polysaccharides, 3327 signal peptide degradation tsx expression Exo- mutants, group E oligopeptidase A, 5067 regulation, 108 genetic analysis, 474 protease IV, 5067 Tsx synthesis, 108 physical analysis, 474 single-stranded-DNA-binding protein tyrosine-specific transport system R. meliloti, 474 overproduction, 2493 tyrP sequence, 4946 exo mutations recombination, 2493 tyrP gene R. meliloti SOS response sequence, 4946 A. brasilense loci, 5401 Ada protein, 1354 UAA codons Exocytoplasmic endonuclease inhibition, 1354 release factor effects, 4714 restriction, 1339 spacer loop sequence ubiG gene S. antibioticus, 1339 rrnB operon, 1235 expression regulation, 1346 Exonuclease I spc operon Ugp transport system E. coli feedback regulation, 4484 phoB-dependent phosphodiesterase, sbcB mutations, 2089 mRNA processing, 4484 4125 xonA mutations, 2089 translational coupling, 4484 uhp genes Exonuclease III gene spf gene transcription sugar-phosphate transport system reg- E. coli, 4542 cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor pro- ulation, 3375 sequence, 4542 tein, 3110 unc genes Exonuclease VIII spot 42 RNA expression regulation, 459 E. coli DNA polymerase I activity, 2083 uncG mutant recE locus, 5797 starvation H+-ATPase y subunit, 179 Exopolysaccharide genes H202 resistance, 3910 temperature-sensitive growth, 179 E. stewartii, 865 heat resistance, 3910 uncoupler sensitivity, 4330 Exopolysaccharide overproduction starvation protein synthesis urease locus E. coli, 1405 cyclic AMP, 3903 DNA rearrangement, 1041 new locus, 1405 regulation, 3903 genetic analysis, 1041 Exotoxin A streptomycin resistance UV damage repair expression, 714 TnS, 1275 recJ mutations, 2555 P. aeruginosa, 714, 4477 sugar-phosphate transport system recN mutations, 2555 regulation, 4477 uhp genes, 3375 UV mutagenesis secretion, 714 superoxide dismutase, managanese DNA photolyase complex, 5371 Exotoxin A, inactive regulation, 2511 uvrA6 mutation amino acid change, 5385 Tar chemoreceptor cloning, 1012 P. aeruginosa, 5385 aspartate taxis mutants, 4509 identification, 1012 Exported proteins maltose-binding protein, 4516 V. cholerae neuraminidase gene, 1495 OmpC overexpression, 2005 Tar C-terminal fragment very short patch mismatch repair translational control, 2005 characterization, 5134 dcm mutant, 4967 Extracellular a antigen gene chemotaxis, 2521 EcoRII methylase, 4967 M. bovis, 3847 cloning, 2521 vitamin B12 Extracellular phospholipase Al gene purification, 5134 epoxyqueosine reduction, 2078 S. liquefaciens, 5855 tdc operon, 5352, 5360 xonA mutations, 2089 Extracellular protease gene temperature-sensitive growth xth gene B. subtilis, 5557 nusA amber mutation, 908 nucleotide sequence, 4542 Extracellular protein mutants TET protein Escherichia spp. S. marcescens, 4141 multimeric state, 1715 umuDC region polymorphisms, 1610 tetracycline resistance Ethanol energization F41 adhesin aerobic growth, 1423 S. mutans ATP level, 4589 E. coli, 4890 tetracycline resistance protein Ethanol production genetic organization, 4890 aminoglycoside susceptibility, 598 thermophilic bacteria, 2809 fadAB operon pleiotropic effects, 598 Ethanolamine utilization E. coli, 2543 thermoregulated protein release S. typhimurium, 3855 gene products, 2543 omsA mutation, 5229 Eubacteria fadL gene product thiol-sensitive promoters, 3291 E. 2850 TnS 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase dis- coli, streptomycin resistance, 1275 tribution, 995 fadR superrepressor mutants Tn5 inversion events Eubacterium oxidoreducens E. coli, 1666 plasmid copy number determination, pyrogallol-phloroglucinol isomerase, Fatty acid degradation 4972 2472 E. coli simple assay, 4972 Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 fadR superrepressor mutants, 1666 Tn7 bile acid 7-dehydroxylation Fatty acid metabolism attTn7 recognition, 2832 multigene family, 4555 V. harveyi, 967 attTn7 site, 352 bile acid 7-dehydroxylation gene Fatty acid uptake tonB expression cloning, 611 M. capricolum, 2022 DNA supercoiling, 2816 nucleotide sequence, 2070 fdhAB genes trans-acting termination factor, 662 regulation, 2070 M. formicicum, 3390 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxv fdn genes Flagellar rotation ftsZ84 mutation formate-nitrate respiration, 213 pausing E. coli, 4338 S. typhimurium, 213 chemotaxis, 3627 ftsZ gene fdv gene motility, 3627 B. subtilis, 4855 E. coli, 5440 Flagellin fuc operons gene-product relationship, 5440 E. coli, 3305 activation, 2352 fec genes minimum sized, 3305 crp mutation, 2352 E. coli, 2716 Flagellin gene E. coli, 2352 Ferredoxin gene R. cecicola, 2612 L-Fucose metabolism Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 4406 Flagellins E. coli, 416 R. meliloti, 4406 C. crescentus L-lactaldehyde dissimilation regulation, Ferredoxinlike protein cell motility, 3953 416 B. japonicum frxA gene, 1999 Flal L-Fucose-D-arabinose pathway enzymes Ferric L-parabactin-binding activity E. coli, 1575 E. coli, 5423 P. denitrificans, 3711 fla-lacZ fusions Fungistatic agent fha-vir region E. coli, 1980 fluorescent siderophore, 163 B. pertussis, 2904 soluble beta-galactosidase, 1980 iron antagonism, 163 fhlA gene Flavobacterium sp. Pseudomonas spp., 163 E. coli, 5440 2-dichlorophenoxyacetate degradation Fur operator site gene-product relationship, 5440 plasmid, 3897 E. coli, 1015 fhuA gene Flavodoxin gene E. coli, 2267 A. nidulans, 258 Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici hybrid-protein export, 2267 FlbB phenazine antibiotic, 3499 fic-l gene E. coli, 1575 gal operon E. coli, 3864 Fluorescent Pseudomonas strains S. lividans, 203 Filamentous-hemagglutinin genes pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake, 4865 Gas vesicle genes B. pertussis, 2904 fol mutant H. halobium, 1746 Fimbriae E. coli, 3301 Gas vesicle proteins A. naeslundii gene, 3803 Folates H. halobium, 1746 B. loeschii adhesins, 1123 nonmethanogenic archaebacteria, 4608 gdh promoter E. coli Folic acid contents B. subtilis, 5086 FIC, 3983 archaebacteria, 4420 Gene disruption and replacement Sfa, 3983 Forespore respiratory system C. jejuni, 1704 E. coli P-fimbrial subunits B. cereus, 5908 Genome sizing genetic manipulation, 5870 menaquinone, 5908 H. influenzae, 4402 K. pneumoniae type 3, 3547 Formate dehydrogenase Genomic instability S. enteritidis Moraxella sp. strain C-1, 3189 Rhizobium spp., 1 t91 fimbrin gene cloning, 4216 Formate dehydrogenase operon Genomic rearrangements S. marcescens gene, 3567 M. formicicum, 3390 antigenic variation, 316 Fimbrilin gene Formate dehydrogenase synthesis C. coli, 316 B. gingivalis, 1658 M. formicicum, 3384 Gliding mycoplasma firA. gene product Formate-nitrate respiration rheotactic behavior, 989 E. coli, 5916 fdn genes, 213 GLN3 gene 17-kilodalton protein, 5916 S. typhimurium, 213 S. cerevisiae, 708 fixA gene 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase gInA gene B. japonicum, 1205 C. acidiurici, 3255 C. acetobutylicum, 400 regulation, 1205 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase dis- ginlI gene fixBC operon tribution B. japonicum, 5452 B. japonicum, 1205 eubacteria, 995 glpABC operon regulation, 1205 Frankia sp. strain EANIpec E. coli, 2448 Flagella ATP-ADP translocation, 3053 glpD gene antigenic variation vesicles, 3053 E. coli, 4209 C. coli, 316 frd operon operator structure, 4209 genomic rearrangements, 316 E. coli, 623 promoter structure, 4209 E. coli nitrate regulation, 623 glt locus antigenicity, 485 fru regulon A. sesbaniae, 1197 M. voltae R. capsulatus, 1698 gItBDF operon isolation, 1752 fruA mutant E. coli, 821 S. aurantia, 4023 R. capsulatus, 1698 Glucans, cyclic transcriptional activators Fructose-specific phosphotransferase sys- R. meliloti, 4569 consensus sequences, 1575 tem Glucose dehydrogenase gene Flal, 1575 R. capsulatus, 1698 A. calcoaceticus, 2121 FlbB, 1575 Fructosyltransferase gene ftf cloning, 2121 V. cholerae S. mutans, 810 Glucose metabolism pathway lipopolysaccharide, 1488 sequence, 810 S. ruminantium, 5298 Flagellar basal body gene frxA gene Glucose transport C. crescentus, 4119 B. japonicum ferredoxinlike protein, S. cerevisiae, 4838, 5375 Flagellar gene products 1999 Glucose uptake S. typhimurium, 2221 ftf gene S. cerevisiae Flagellar proteins S. mutans, 810 derepression, 2654 T. pallidum, 4072 ftsA gene kinase structural gene mutations, 5396 T. phagedensis, 4072 B. subtilis, 4855 sec mutations, 2654 xxvi SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Glucose utilization Halobacterium halobium double-negative control, 2240 thermophilic fungi bacterio-opsin (bop) gene expression, hut(P) transcription repression, 4986 sucrose utilization, 3274 4903, 4910 K. aerogenes, 2240, 4986, 5588 Glutamate dehydrogenase, NADPH depen- disulfide reductases Homologous DNA recombination dent properties, 3459 B. subtilis, 3978 P. laminosum, 4897 purification, 3459 efficiency, 3978 Glutamate synthase gas vesicle genes, 1746 Homoprotocatechuate catabolic pathway N. mediterranei, 1940 gas vesicle proteins, 1746 (hpc) genes Glutamine synthetase methyl-accepting phototaxis protein, E. coli, 5317 B. subtilis amidotransferase reaction, 4280 Host-inducible genes 916 phototaxis action spectra, 2790 R.fredii, 171 Glutamine synthetase II gene plasmid populations, 3718 hpc genes B. japonicum, 5452 Halobacteroides acetoethylicus E. coli, 5317 regulation by ntrC product, 5452 salt concentrations, extreme, 3065 hpr locus Glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase Halomonas elongata B. subtilis, 2560 pathway cell surface changes, 132 hsd genes ammonium assimilation, 980 NaCI responses, 132 additional families, 5785 R. phaseoli, 980 H'-ATPase mutant enteric bacteria, 1775 Glutaredoxin mutant E. coli, 179 Salmonella spp., 5785 E. coli, 308 temperature-sensitive growth, 179 H+-serine cotransport sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Heat shock E. coli, 2236 aerobic M. xanthus, 5200 htpG gene E. coli, 4209 myxospore formation, 5200 E. coli, 2977 glpD gene, 4209 Heat shock gene, dispensable HU sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, E. coli, 2977 E. coli, 4757 anaerobic Heat shock operon intracellular location, 4757 E. coli, 2448 C. burnetii, 1227 HU-, glpABC operon, 2448 Heat shock proteins E. coli, 1541 Glycine betaine metabolism E. coli hupB mutations, 1541 osmoregulation, 3142 adenosylmethionine synthetase (metK) hupA gene R. meliloti, 3142 mutant, 1582 S. typhimurium, 5751 Glyoxylate bypass operon M. leprae protein antigen, 5919 hupB mutations cloning, 386 Heat shock response E. coli, 1541 E. coli, 386 P. aeruginosa, 3668 hydB gene functional map, 386 Heat shock sigma factor E. coli, 5433 gnd alleles E. coli mutants, 3640 hydF gene cloning, 365 T4 gene expression, 1384 E. coli, 5446 E. coli, 365, 372 Heat-labile enterotoxin Hydrogen metabolism growth-rate-dependent expression, 365 Arg-146 substitution, 2208 E. coli, 5433, 5446 nucleotide sequence, 372 E. coli, 2208 hydB gene, 5433 S. typhimurium, 372 hemA gene hydF gene, 5446 Gramicidin S R. capsulatus, 4382 Hydrogenase hemB gene B. japonicum, 1962 biosynthesis genes, 4669 cloning, 1021 E. coli, 1220 Gram-negative bacteria E. coli, 1021 isoenzymes, 1220 ATP-binding site homology, 2427 Heme-deficient mutant labile activity, 1220 turgor pressure, 1129 E. coli, 78 Hydrogenase expression Gram-positive bacteria Hemolysin determinant A. latus, 3891 high-molecular-weight plasmid multimer S. marcescens, 3177 B. japonicum, 5594 formation, 1183 Hemolysin genes nickel, 3891 Gram-positive cocci E. coli, 1622 selenium, 5594 resistance gene transfer, heterogramic, transcriptional organization, 1622 Hydrogenase expression enhancement 1739 Hemolytic activity A. vinelandii, 1990 Group A streptococci S. marcescens, 5146 hydrogen mediated, 1990 M6 protein Heterocyst differentiation Hydrophobicity cell-associated region, 2618 Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, 5034 S. marcescens, 4361 guaC-nadC-aroP region genome rearrangement, 5034 serratamolide, 4361 E. coli, 463 hexA gene homology to S. typhimurium mutS, 190, Ice nucleation proteins Haemophilus influenzae 197 E. herbicola, 669 nucleotide sequence, 190 cap copy number, 859 immunological characterization, 669 S. pneumoniae, 190, 197 capsulation, 859 Hg+ resistance P. fluorescens, 669 genome sizing, 4402 P. syringae, 669 S. cerevisiae lipoproteins, 4161 cell wall, 5877 iep gene outer membrane protein, 15,000 dalton hipA mutants B. subtilis, 3593 gene cloning, 489 altered lethality, 3321 ilv operon rec-J gene cell division impairment, 3321 E. coli, 4798 characterization, 3876 E. coli, 3321 translational coupling, 4798 E. coli, 3876 Histidine utilization (hut) genes Immunoglobulin Al proteases UV-sensitive mutator (mutBI) mutant P. putida, 4272 N. gonorrhoeae, 1866 characterization, 2537 Histidine utilization (hut) operons Incompatibility determinants isolation, 2537 B. subtilis, 3199 I-complex plasmids, 1311 VOL . 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxvii

Indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase katE gene truncated forms, 2639 P. syringae subsp. savastanoi, 2367 E. coli, 4286 lacZ mRNA Inducer expulsion transcriptional regulation, 4286 endonucleolytic cleavages, 2860 S. pyogenes, 1874 katG gene LacZ-PbpB fusion protein Inner membrane vesicles E. coli, 4415 E. coli, 3333 E. coli, 3660 kdsA gene LamB penicillin-binding proteins, 3660 E. coli, 5382 progenitor, 1973 Inorganic pyrophosphatase gene ppa localization, 5382 Larvicidal polypeptide gene E. coli, 5901 kil gene B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, 3575 Inosine-guanosine phosphorylase ColEl, 4963, 5460 inverted repeat sequence, 3575 E. coli, 3493 delayed expression, 5460 lasA gene Insertion expression in E. coli Kilr mutants, 4963 P. aeruginosa, 2784 D. radiodurans, 2126 Killer toxin KT28 lasB gene Insertion sequences cell wall receptor, 2192 P. aeruginosa, 4309 IS5 S. cerevisiae, 2192 Leader peptidase SA protein, 5368 17-Kilodalton protein E. coli membrane vesicles, 4395 IS50L E. coli, 5916 Leptospira biflexa gene activation, 1965 firA gene product, 5916 argE gene transposition, 1965 Kingdom-specific DNA probes nucleotide sequence, 4548 IS3411 in situ identification, 720 Les- phenotype nucleotide sequence, 1902 Klebsiella aerogenes P. aeruginosa recA gene, 578 ISL1 histidine utilization (hut) operons Lethal genes host range, 4976 bidirectional promoter, 2240 identification, 468 Intracellular serine protease double-negative control, 2240 multicopy plasmids, 468 B. subtilis, 136 hut(P) region, 2240 leu operon expression expression, 136 hut(P) transcription repression, 4986 S. typhimurium miaA mutant, 5125 hyperproduction mutations, 136 pts mutants, 5588 Leucine uptake Intragenic suppressors lac operon regulation E. coli division cycle, 436 cyclic AMP receptor protein, 1417 pts mutants, 5588 rate, 436 Inverted repeat sequence pts mutants Leuconostoc mesenteroides B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, 3575 histidine utilization operon regulation, dextransucrase secretion, 5006 Iron assimilation 5588 leuD gene E. chrysanthemi, 2419 lac operon regulation, 5588 S. typhimurium, 3115 virulence, 2419 Klebsiella pneumoniae supQlnewD gene substitution system, Iron dicitrate transport genes capsule 3115 E. coli, 2716 fine structure, 4960 iexA2 gene Iron regulation fimbriae, type 3 E. coli, 1975 Fur operator site, 1015 molecular characterization, 3547 hypocleavable repressor, 1975 Iron stress-induced gene histidine auxotrophs lexA gene cyanobacterial, 5018 nitrogenase synthesis, 250 E. coli, 5913 Iron transport nifH mutations, 4015 replacement, 5913 NifV- phenotype lexA mutants, noncleavable M. sterilia, 1377 homocitrate, 1978 E. coli, 2163 stereochemistry, 1377 nitrogenase synthesis Light-harvesting mutants Iron uptake ATP levels, 250 physiological analysis, 1103 chromosome mediated, 1920 regulation, 250 R. sphaeroides, 1103 fluorescent Pseudomonas strains, 4865 oriC structural analysis, 1103 P. putida, 4693 C. crescentus, 3774 Lipid A biosynthesis pJM1, 1913 P. putida, 3774 E. coli, 1268 pyoverdine mediated, 4865 R. sphaeroides, 3774 lpxA gene sequence, 1268 siderophore mediated, 4693 TnI331 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis V. anguillarum, 1913, 1920 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene, 3769 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate block, Iron-deficient growth Klenow fragment 2185 Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942, 4466 poiC(Ts) pcbAI E. coli, 456 Lipopolysaccharides irpA gene C. aurantiacus, 3213 Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942, 4466 lac operon C. tepidum, 3217 Isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phospha- K. aerogenes, 5588 monoclonal antibody binding, 1063 tase gene aceK lacd mRNA P. aeruginosa, 512 E. coli, 89, 2763 endonucleolytic cleavages, 2860 T. pfennigii, 3217 expression, 89 dissimilation T. violacea, 3217 L-Lactaldehyde V. cholerae flagella, 1488 nucleotide sequence, 89, 2763 aerobic-anaerobic regulation, 416 Lipoprotein 28 Isocitrate lyase gene E. coli, 416 E. coli, 3747 E. coli, 4528 P-Lactamase II structural gene Lipoprotein export Isopenicillin N synthetase gene B. cereus, 2873 E. coli sec mutants, 4001 A. nidulans, 3817 Lactobacillus casei Lipoproteins S. lipmanii, 3817 ISLI H. influenzae, 4161 iucD gene host range, 4976 Lon protease aerobactin operon, 56 Lactobacillus plantarum E. coli, 3016 S. faecalis pAM, I inhibition K antigens transfer frequency, 5939 T4 gene, 3016 E. coli, 1305 Lactose permease lpxA gene gene organization, 1305 E. coli, 2639 E. coli, 1268 xxviii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

sequence, 1268 Membrane vesicles Methanol oxidation genes lux gene amino acid transport, 817 M. organophilum, 141 regulatory circuit, 4040 C. acetobutylicum, 817 Methanol production V. fischeri, 4040 E. coli, 4395 M. smegmatis, 1393 Lysine biosynthesis pathway leader peptidase insertion, 4395 Methanoreductosome S. pombe, 5968 Membrane-bound phosphatases electron microscopy, 1438 Lysogenization E. coli pgp genes, 5110, 5117 methanogenic bacterium strain Go6, E. coli him hosts, 1672, 1683 Membrane-derived oligosaccharide biosyn- 1438 Mu, 1672, 1683 thesis methylreductase system, 1438 E. coli, 2457 Methanosarcina acetivorans M6 protein osmotic regulation, 2457 plasmid DNA, 4979 cell-associated region, 2618 Membrane-derived oligosaccharides Methanosarcina barkeri group A streptococci, 2618 B. bacteriovorus argG sequence, 3125 Macrofiber twist metabolism, 646 ATPase subunits, 5960 D-alanine, 2328 men genes methanogenesis from acetate, 1369 B. subtilis, 2328, 2336 B. subtilis, 2735, 2742 Methanosarcina thermophila D-cycloserine, 2336 Menaquinone saline adaptation, 998 Macrolide antibiotic synthesis B. cereus forespore respiratory system, Methanothermus fervidus 6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase 5908 methyl coenzyme M reductase genes electron transport components, 1548 Metabolic regulation comparative analysis, 4718 Macroptilium atropurpureum S. parvulus, 4055 structure, 4718 pathogenic-like responses, 1848 Metallothionein gene Methicillin resistance genes Rhizobium mutant infection, 1848 expression in E. coli, 21 S. aureus Tn4291, 149 Magnetosomes S. cerevisiae, 21 Methyl coenzyme M methylreductase membrane, 834 metE mutations M. thermoautotrophicum, 3946 mal regulon B. subtilis, 2705 M. thermoautotrophicum component C, E. coli, 4598 Methanobacterium formicicum 2711 MalK overproduction, 4598 formate dehydrogenase operon reductive activation, 3946 Malate dehydrogenase upstream region, 3390 simplified assay, 2711 C. aurantiacus, 2947 formate dehydrogenase synthesis Methyl coenzyme M reductase genes MalK overproduction molybdenum, 3384 M. fervidus, 4718 E. coli, 4598 tungsten, 3384 M. thermoautotrophicum, 568 Maltoporin Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Methyl group transfer E. coli, 1730 methyl coenzyme M methylreductase B. subtilis, 223 X-binding site, 1730 assay, 2711 chemotaxis, 223 starch-binding site, 1730 methyl coenzyme M methylreductase Methyl viologen Maltose chemotaxis system E. coli mutants, 2136 E. coli, 4516 reductive activation, 3946 T. aquaticus, 4995 Maltose-binding protein methyl coenzyme M reductase genes Methylated bases E. coli, 4445, 5654 characterization, 568 cyanobacterial DNAs, 1934 export, 5654 cloning, 568 Methylation leader peptide, 5654 pME2001, 478 B. licheniformis membrane protein, 4113 RNA polymerase genes Methylesterase activity secretion, 4445 cloning, 2247 CheB, 5728 Manganese superoxide dismutase physical mapping, 2247 E. coli, 5728 E. coli, 2511 transformation, 653 Methylobacterium organophilum regulation, 2511 Methanococcus maripaludis methanol dehydrogenase structural gene Mannitol permease auxotrophic acetyl coenzyme A biosyn- nucleotide sequence, 4739 E. coli, 1290 thesis, 3072 transcriptional start site, 4739 genetic analyses, 1290 Methanococcus vannielii methanol oxidation genes Mannopinic acid catabolism argG sequence, 3125 genetic analysis, 141 Agrobacterium spp., 2939 RNA polymerase-binding site, 1958 physical analysis, 141 Mannose uptake transcription initiation site, 1958 Methylobacterium sp. strain AM 1 A. vinelandii, 1986 Methanococcus voltae moxFG region, 2254 hydrogen mediated, 1986 flagella Methylococcus capsulatus marA locus isolation, 1752 moxF gene E. coli, 5416 pseudoauxotrophy, 4091 cloning, 2063 OmpF porin expression, 5416 Methanofurans Methylomonas albus Marine bacteria methanogenic bacteria, 4594 moxF gene uncoupler sensitivity, 4330 structural diversity, 4594 cloning, 2063 laminosus Methanogenesis Mastigocladus acetate, 1369 Methylotrophs braided trichomes, 1519 M. barkeri, 1369 dichloromethane dehalogenase, 5698 Maxicell preparation Methanogenic bacteria moxF structural genes, 2063 microcin B17, 2414 methanofurans Methylreductase system Megasphaera elsdenii structural diversity, 4594 methanoreductosome, 1438 plasmalogen deficiency, 2770 Methanogenic bacterium strain Go6 Methyl-specific restriction Membrane depolarization methanoreductosome, 1438 S. avermitilis, 5607 E. coli, 2051 methylreductase system, 1438 Methyltransferase activity secretion, 2051 Methanol dehydrogenase ada deletion, 3294 staphylococcinlike peptide Pep 5, 84 P. denitrificans, 3731 E. coli, 3294 Membrane protein methylation Methanol dehydrogenase structural gene miaA gene B. licheniformis, 4113 M. organophilum, 4739 E. coli, 4147 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxix miaA mutant msDNA product, 5289 leu operon expression, 5125 branched RNA linked, 5620 cell surface properties, 5771 S. typhimurium, 5125 M. xanthus, 5620 cell-cell interactions, 5765 Microcin B17 MucAB cohesion, 5771 IncFII miniplasmid polypeptides, 2414 aflatoxin Bl-induced mutations, 3415 Congo red, 5765 maxicell preparation, 2414 E. coli, 3415 developmental cell interactions Micromonospora echinospora Mucor rouxii bsgA gene, 5279 promoters development regulation bsgA product, 5289 tandem, 71 DNA methylation, 5946 developmental promoter temporally regulated, 71 polyamines, 5946 expression, 5552 Middle wall protein gene Multicopy plasmids site-specific integration, 5552 B. brevis, 935 lethal genes, 468 heat shock nucleotide sequence, 935 murE-murF region myxospore formation, 5200 minB locus E. coli, 3786 msDNA, branched RNA linked, 5620 E. coli, 2106 murH locus ops gene Minicell-forming mutants E. coli, 2197 sequence localization, 4931 anucleate-rod production, 3094 peptidoglycan biosynthesis, 2197 plasmid DNA transposition, 4939 E. coli, 3094 Mutagenesis submerged development minicell production, 3094 C. jejuni, 1704 cell surface antigens, 5953 Mo6+ reduction E. coli, I monoclonal antibodies, 5953 elemental sulfur, 5956 gene derepression, I tps gene T. ferrooxidans, 5956 R. sphaeroides, 5 sequence localization, 4931 Modification methylase M SinI ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxy- S. infantis, 2533 genase, S NaCl Molybdate transport mutBI mutant H. elongata cell surface, 132 B. japonicum bacteroids, 5613 H. influenzae, 2537 NAD biosynthesis Molybdopterin biosynthesis mutM locus nadA repressor, 117 E. coli chlEN operon, 4097 E. coli, 5405 nadB repressor, 117 Monoclonal antibodies G C--T. A transversions, 5405 S. typhimurium, 117 cell surface binding mutS gene NAD pyrophosphatase mutants lipopolysaccharide structure, 1063 homology to S. pneumoniae hexA, 190, S. typhimurium, 3725 Moraxella bovis 197 NAD synthetase pilin genes nucleotide sequence, 197 S. typhimurium, 2113 inversion, 3032 S. typhimurium, 190, 197 structural gene, 2113 phase variation, 3032 mvr mutants nadA gene Moraxella sp. strain C-1 E. coli, 2136 repressor, 117 formate dehydrogenase mvrA gene S. typhimurium, 117 properties, 3189 E. coli, 2136 nadB gene purification, 3189 Mycelia sterilia repressor, 117 Morphological differentiation iron transport S. typhimurium, 117 S. coelicolor, 1168 stereochemistry, 1377 NADPH-dependent glutamate dehydroge- Mosquitocidal protein genes Mycobacterium bovis nase 72-kilodalton crystal protein, 4732 16S rRNA gene P. laminosum, 4897 B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, 727, nucleotide sequence, 2886 NADPH-glutamate synthase (glt) locus 4732 extracellular a antigen gene A. sesbaniae, 1197 cloning, 727 cloning, 3847 nahR gene expression, 727 expression, 3847 nucleotide sequence, 5409 Mosquitocidal toxin genes Mycobacterium leprae plasmid NAH7, 5409 B. sphaericus, 2045 heat shock proteins, 5919 nahR product sequences, 2045 protein antigen, 5919 DNA binding, 5409 MotA protein Mycobacterium smegmatis plasmid NAH7, 5409 E. coli, 588 methanol production, 1393 nanH gene overproduction, 588 Mycolic acids V. cholerae, 1495 wild-type level, 588 N. asteroides cell walls, 1137 nar operon Motility Mycoplasma capricolum E. coli, 359, 1589, 1721, 4437 C. crescentus fatty acid uptake, 2022 narI region flagellins, 3953 Mycoplasma mobile E. coli, 1721 flagellar-rotation pausing, 3627 rheotactic behavior, 989 narL gene R. sphaeroides, 5673 Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides E. coli, 1589 S. aurantia, 1768 nucleoside monophosphate transport narX gene moxF gene mutants, 5922 E. coli, 1589 Mycoplasma pneumoniae ndvA gene product M. albus, 2063 rRNA operon promoter, 3262 M. capsulatus, 2063 Mycoplasma salivarium R. meliloti, 3523 methylotrophs, 2063 carboxypeptidase, arginine specific Near-UV stress moxFG region characterization, 1795 S. typhimurium, 2344 Methylobacterium sp. strain AMI, 2254 purification, 1795 4-thiouridine, 2344 mre products Mycoplasma virus P1 Neisseria gonorrhoeae E. coli, 4619 adsorption, 4373 immunoglobulin Al proteases mreB gene Myxococcus xanthus characterization, 1866 E. coli, 4619 autolysis, 4103 purification, 1866 mRNA decay bsgA gene Neisseria meningitidis E. coli ams pnp rnb mutants, 4625 cloning, 5279 pilin gene sequences, 1691 xxx SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Neuraminidase gene nanH R. meliloti, 927 omp gene expression cloning, 1495 Nitrogenase E. coli, 5080 expression in E. coli, 1495 A. vinelandii, 27 envZ, 5080 V. cholerae, 1495 nifHDK deletion, 27 ompF gene Neurospora crassa Nitrogenase gene expression altered osmoregulation, 4950 nitrate reductase gene nit-3 A. variabilis, anaerobic, 552, 558 E. coli, 4950 autogenous regulation, 657 Nitrogenase proteins integration host factor mutants, 4950 metabolic control, 657 A. vinelandii, 2148 ompT gene nfo gene dissolved oxygen concentration, 2148 E. coli, 1245 E. coli, 5141 Nitrogenase switch-off outer membrane protease, 1245 sequence, 5141 A. vinelandii, 5325 T7 RNA polymerase cleavage, 1245 Nickel oxygen stress, 5325 omsA mutation A. latus hydrogenase expression, 3891 Nitrogenase synthesis E. coli, 5229 Nickel resistance ATP levels, 250 thermoregulated protein release, 5229 A. eutrophus, 4188 K. pneumoniae, 250 Opaque-white phenotype transition pMOL28, 4188 regulation, 250 C. albicans, 895 Nickel transport Nitrophenol oxygenase opd gene C. pasteurianum, 234 P. putida, 1789 P. diminuta, 2306 C. thermoaceticum, 5705 Nitrosation Opine utilization energy dependence, 234 catalysis, 359 Agrobacterium spp., 2939 nif regulation E. coli, 359 mannopinic acid degradation, 2939 ATP levels, 250 nar operon, 359 ops gene K. pneumoniae, 250 Nitrous oxide reductase gene nosZ M. xanthus, 4931 nifA-nijB region P. stutzeri, 4658 Organophosphorus-degrading (opd) gene duplication, 693 nlpA mutants P. diminuta, 2306 R. capsulatus, 693 lipoprotein 28, 3747 oriC nifB-nifQ region Nocardia asteroides K. pneumoniae A. vinelandii, 1475 cell walls, 1137 nonenteric bacteria, 3774 nucleotide sequence, 1475 mycolic acids, 1137 oriT region nifH mutations Nocardia mediterranei R64, 4385 K. pneumoniae, 4015 glutamate synthase Osmoregulated genes nifHD properties, 1940 E. coli, 534 N. commune, 3297 purification, 1940 osmotic upshift response, 534 nifHDK deletion nod genes S. typhimurium, 534 A. vinelandii, 27 exo mutants, 1003 Osmoregulation nitrogenase, 27 host range determination, 5718 E. coli Nif- phenotype R. meliloti, 1003, 5718 amber suppressors, 3601 homocitrate, 1978 R. trifolii, 5718 trehalose accumulation, 3601 K. pneumoniae, 1978 nodD genes glycine betaine, 3142 nin region R. japonicum, 12 R. meliloti, 3142 X, 5051 nodH gene V. cholerae, 2575 roc deletion, 5051 Osmotic shock nit-3 gene alfalfa-specific signal, 5489 buoyant density, 452 N. crassa, 657 R. meliloti, 5489 cell size, 452 regulation, 657 Nostoc commune E. coli, 452 Nitrate reductase gene regulation nifHD Osmotic stress N. crassa, 657 A. vinelandii nifU homology, 3297 proline biosynthesis genes, 5943 Nitrate reductase operon cloning, 3297 proline levels, 2374 anaerobic gene expression, 4437 nosZ gene S. typhimurium, 2374 E. coli, 359, 1589, 1721, 4437 P. stutzeri, 4658 Osmotolerance narI region, 1721 ntrC product S. cerevisiae narL gene, 1589 B. japonicum, 5452 microcalorimetric growth monitoring, narX gene, 1589 glutamine synthetase 1I gene regulation, 4562 nitrate, 4437 5452 physiological state, 4562 nitrosation catalysis, 359 Nucleoside monophosphate transport mu- Outer membrane Nitrate regulation tants divalent-cation deficiency, 3283 E. coli, 623 M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, 5922 LamB progenitor, 1973 frd operon, 623 nusA amber mutation P. denitrificans, 3283 Nitrogen assimilation E. coli, 908 selective release, 5789 S. cerevisiae temperature-sensitive growth, 908 T. pallidum, 5789 GLN3 gene, 708 Outer membrane proteins URE2 gene, 708 A. hydrophila, 499 Nitrogen fixation O antigen C. trachomatis B. japonicum rfb gene cluster, 98, 103 ompl tandem promoters, 744 dicarboxylic acid transport, 184 Salmonella spp., 98, 103 E. coli R. meliloti dct genes, 184 0-demethylating enzyme system OmpC pore domain, 3611 R. phaseoli C. thermoaceticum, 5747 OmpC porin mutants, 528 E. coli gdhA gene, 985 Oligosaccharide biosynthesis OmpF porin expression, 5416 R. trifolii E. coli, 2457 H. influenzae symbiosis plasmid, 3793 osmotic regulation, 2457 gene cloning, 489 Nitrogen fixation genes ompl gene OmpC overexpression, 2005 C4-dicarboxylate transport genes, 927 C. trachomatis, 744 OmpC pore domain, 3611 R. capsulatus, 693 tandem promoters, 744 OmpC porin mutants, 528 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxxi

OmpF porin expression Peptide chain release factor 2 gene pgtBC genes, 4299, 4304 marA locus, 5416 UGA-suppressor mutations, 5378 Phosphoglycerate transporter gene pgtP OmpT Peptidoglycan S. typhimurium, 3421 protease IV identity, 5625 autolysis resistance, 1373 Phospholipase Al gene translational control, 2005 LL-diaminopimelic acid, 2031 S. liquefaciens, 5855 V. cholerae, 2575 E. coli, 1373, 2031 Phospholipid biosynthesis Outer-membrane-associated protease Peptidoglycan biosynthesis S. cerevisiae, 1878 E. coli, 3650 E. coli Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase Oxacillin murH locus, 2197 gene prs protein synthesis, 1831 stationary-phase cells, 5224 E. coli growth requirements, 1148 RNA synthesis, 1831 S. typhimurium, 3509 Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase S. aureus, 1831 single-strand insertion, 3509 gene prsA 2-Oxo-3-methylvalerate biosynthesis Peptidoglycan structure S. typhimurium, 3243 C. vibrioforme, 3287 penicillin resistance, 2143 Phosphotransbutyrylase gene Oxygen pneumococcal transformant, 2143 C. acetobutylicum, 4613 T. aquaticus, 4995 pglA gene Photobacterium phosphoreum Oxygen regulation P. solanacearum, 4501 tRNA genes, 5601 novel loci, 842 phytopathogenicity role, 4501 Photosynthetic membrane formation S. typhimurium, 842 product, 4501 Erythrobacter sp. strain OCh 114, 1843 Oxygen stress pgpA gene Phototaxis E. coli E. coli, 5110 action spectra, 2790 HPI catalase, 1837 pgpB gene H. halobium, 2790, 4280 membrane function, 1837 E. coli, 5117 methyl-accepting protein, 4280 pgtBC genes rapid population method, 2790 Paracoccus denitrificans S. typhimurium, 4299, 4304 Phototoxic molecules divalent-cation deficiency, 3283 pgtP gene carotenoids, 4675 ferric L-parabactin-binding activity, 3711 S. typhimurium, 3421 pH-sensitive growth methanol dehydrogenase pH regulation cyclic AMP deficiency, 3443 regulation, 3731 novel loci, 842 E. coli, 3443 outer membrane stability, 3283 S. typhimurium, 842 Phycobilisome core component genes Partition gene Phenazine antibiotic Calothrix sp. strain PCC 7601, 5512 E. coli, 3967 G. graminis var. tritici control, 3499 Phycobilisome glycoproteins Partition interference P. fluorescens, 3499 A. nidulans, 2433 P1 ParB protein, 954 Phenol uptake Phycocyanin (cpc) genes parS, 954 T. cutaneum, 2383 A. nidulans, 2961 Pathogenicity genes Phenotypic switching A. variabilis, 1858 P. syringae pv. tabaci, 2584 T. ferrooxidans, 3915 Phylogenetic identification Pathogenicity locus Pheromone-inducible antigen genes probes, 720 P. syringae pv. syringae, 5479 E. faecalis, 5161 single cells, 720 Pectate lyase gene pelY phoB-encoded phosphodiesterase Physarum polycephalum Y. pseudotuberculosis, 1825 E. coli, 4125 sporulation phoM operon, wild type selective gene expression, 4784 pel genes Bap clonal variation, 279 Physiological differentiation E. chrysanthemi, 3468 E. coli, 279 S. coelicolor, 1168 pelY gene phoR gene Pigment proteins Y. pseudotuberculosis, 1825 B. subtilis, 5935 localization, 2758 pem genes Phormidium laminosum R. sphaeroides, 2758 RIOO stable maintenance, 1461 NADPH-dependent glutamate dehydro- Pili Penicillin resistance genase, 4897 C. crescentus peptidoglycan structure, 2143 Phosphate transport assembly, 409 pneumococcal transformant, 2143 A. variabilis, 1143 E. coli Penicillinase genes arsenate resistance, 1143 P pilus proteins, 1887 B. licheniformis, 3206 Phosphatidate phosphatase type 1, purification, 3350 pen repressor, 3206 inositol regulation, 3561 M. bovis regulation, 3206 S. cerevisiae, 3561 pilin gene inversion, 3032 Penicillin-binding protein 3 Phosphatidylglycerol N. meningitidis E. coli, 4828, 5392 PR4, 2866 pilin gene sequences, 1691 lipid modification, 5392 Phosphatidylinositol kinase P. aeruginosa pointed polar caps, 4828 regulation, 828 pilin sequences, unusual, 3738 Penicillin-binding proteins S. cerevisiae, 828 P15 gene Phosphatidylinositol synthesis 4727 Bdellovibrio spp., 3750 S. cerevisiae PIS gene, 4727 expression, C. crescentus, 2319 Phosphatidylserine synthase S. cerevisiae, 4727 cell division genes, 2319 CHOI gene, 3778 Plasmalogen E. coli, 3660 S. cerevisiae, 3778 deficiency, 2770 inner membrane vesicles, 3660 Phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phospho- M. elsdenii, 2770 S. pyogenes, 4775 transferase system Plasmid DNA L forms, 4775 E. coli, 3827 M. acetivorans, 4979 Pentachlorophenol-degrading Fla'obacte- gene expression, 3827 M. xanthus, 4939 rium sp. Phosphoglycerate kinase gene Plasmid multimers chlorophenol effects, 4954 Z. mobilis, 1926 gram-positive bacteria, 1183 Pep 5 Phosphoglycerate transport induction Plasmidlike form membrane depolarization, 84 S. typhimurium B. uniformis, 1651 xxxii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Plasmids 1913 Polyamines A. eutrophus nickel resistance, 4188 pSEIOI M. rouxii, 5946 A. tumefaciens chemotaxis, 4181 integration, 2287 Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate biosynthetic path- A. vinelandii, 1984 pT181 way actinomycete replication termination, 3427 A. eutrophus, 4431 integration, 2287 pTAR Poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid synthesis Bacteroides spp. autonomous replication, 3170 genes conjugal elements, 1319 pTiA6 A. eutrophus, 5837 cadmium resistance T-strand generation, 1523 cloning, 5837 R. fascians, 2401 vir operon, 1430 Polygalacturonase catabolic pTiC58 P. solanacearum, 4501 R. meliloti, 1153 agrocinopine-agrocin 84 locus. 1759 Polyphosphate utilization ColEI pWWO E. coli, 5216 kil delayed expression, 5460 benzoate-dependent induction, 3742 Porin gene expression kil gene expression, 4963 operator-promoter region, 3742 E. coli, 439 ColIb-P9 R64 EnvZ, 439 conjugative-transfer direction, 4958 oriT region, 4385 OmpR, 439 conjugative RIOO Porin mutants SOS inhibitor gene, 4392 stable-maintenance genes, 1461 OmpC, 528 conjugative transfer traJ product, 2749 Porin protein F gene E. faecalis to E. coli, 4388 tra Y product, 2749 P. aeruginosa, 155 copy number assay, 4972 R. meliloti sequence, 155 2-dichlorophenoxyacetate degradation catabolic, 1153 transcriptional start site, 155 Flavobacterium sp., 3897 R. trifolii, 3793 Porin protein P gene DNA replication enhancer, 5709 replication control, 3554 P. aeruginosa, 2312 E. coli replication patterns, 1380 Porin-deficient mutants maintenance mutants, 5272 replication termination P. aeruginosa, 2592 replication patterns, 1380 pC221, 3427 Porphobilinogen deaminase activity EcoRII methylase pT181, 3427 E. coli, 4969 very short patch mismatch repair, Rhodococcus spp. ppa gene 4967 transformation, 638 E. coli, 5901 F Rtsl Precursor pool size traF product, 3633 fragment nucleotide sequence, 1175 E. coli division cycle, 431 Flavobacterium sp. incompatibility, 1261 variation, 431 2-dichlorophenoxyacetate degradation, RepA C terminus, 1261 prfB gene 3897 RepA protein, 4411 E. coli, 5378 H. halobium, 3718 replication, 1261 UGA-suppressor mutations, 5378 high-molecular weight multimers, 1183 temperature-dependent instability, prlA mutant alleles I complex 1175 E. coli, 5389 incompatibility determinants, 1311 S. aureus pT181 staphylokinase processing, 5389 IncFII tetracycline resistance gene, 5522 proC gene microcin B17, 2414 S. flexneri pMYSH6000 S. typhimurium, 2379 miniplasmid polypeptides, 2414 virulence-associated regions, 2480 transcriptional regulation, 2379 Incl I S. lactis restriction-modification, 3435 Proline biosynthesis genes ColIb-P9 conjugative transfer, 4958 S. lividans pIJiO0 osmotic stress, 5943 M. thermoautotrophicum pME2001, 478 nucleotide sequence, 4634 Proline carrier cation sensitivity mutant maintenance stable-maintenance genes, 1461 E. coli, 5185 E. coli mutants, 5272 staphylococcal Proline levels mini-F replication termination, 3427 osmotic stress, 2374 maintenance, 5272 Sym-dependent proteins S. typhimurium, 2374 mobilization R. leguminosarum biovar vicae, 4424 1,2-Propanediol Bacteroides conjugal elements, 1319 Ti aerobic excretion, 2884 NAH7 A. tumefaciens, 790, 4181 anaerobic metabolism, 2159 nahR gene, 5409 chemotaxis, 4181 S. typhimurium, 2159, 2884 nahR product, 5409 TOL Propionispira arboris nickel resistance pWWO benzoate-dependent induction, carbon flow, 3996 A. eutrophus, 4188 3742 electron flow, 3996 nitrogen fixation, 3793 transformation propionate production, 3996 P1 Rhodococcus spp., 638 Protease gene DNA replication, 3554 Pneumococcal transformant B. subtilis, 5557 partitioning, 954 2143 Protease IV pADI penicillin resistance, pheromone response regulation, 4343 peptidoglycan structure, 2143 E. coli, 5625 pAMPI Polar caps, pointed OmpT identity, 5625 transfer frequency, 5939 E. coli, 4828 Protease Re partitioning, 954 penicillin-binding protein 3, 4828 characterization, 921 pC221 Polar morphogenesis E. coli, 921 replication termination, 3427 C. crescentus, 409 purification, 921 pIJ101 polC(Ts) pcbAI E. coli Protease-constitutive RecA proteins nucleotide sequence, 4634 Klenow fragment, 456 activation pJMI Polyamine contents nucleoside triphosphates, 4816 iron uptake region, 1913 adjustment, 3131 rRNA and tRNA, 4823 siderophore biosynthesis activator, E. coli, 3131 E. coli, 4816, 4823 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxxiii

Protein export exotoxin A, inactive phytopathogenicity role, 1445 E. coli, 5928 amino acid change, 5385 pglA gene PrIA, 5928 heat shock response, 3668 phytopathogenicity role, 4501 SecB, 5928 lasA gene product, 4501 Protein synthesis expression in E. coli, 2784 virulence genes E. coli division cycle, 436 nucleotide sequence, 2784 cloning, 617 rate, 436 lasB gene, 4309 Pseudomonas sp. Protein translocation Les- phenotype, 578 vanillate demethylase genes cytoplasmic factors, 126 lipopolysaccharides cloning, 4924 E. coli, 126 chain length, 512 sequencing, 4924 Proteus mirabilis heterogeneity, 512 Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 recBCD genes pilin sequences, unusual, 3738 meta-chlorobenzoate utilization, 1907 cloning in E. coli, 1412 porin protein F gene genetic variation, 1907 hybrid enzymes, 1412 sequence, 155 Pseudomonas sp. strain P136 urease gene complex transcriptional start site, 155 anaerobic metabolism expression, 1027 porin protein P gene, 2312 aromatic compounds, 5778 isolation, 1027 porin-deficient mutants denitrification, 2501 multiple proteins, 1027 characterization, 2592 phthalate, 2501 urease structural genes construction, 2592 Pseudomonas spp. expression, 3342 pyochelin fungistatic agent organization, 3342 biological activity, 5344 fluorescent siderophore, 163 regulation, 3342 mutants, 5364 iron antagonism, 163 Proton motive force synthesis, 5344 Pseudomonas strains, fluorescent potassium ions, 5647 recA alleles pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake, 4865 R. sphaeroides, 5647 transcription, 1637 Pseudomonas stutzeri Proton-translocating ATPase genes translation, 1637 nitrous oxide reductase gene nosZ E. coli, 459 recA expression cloning, 4658 expression regulation, 459 DNA-damaging agents, 2385 heterologous expression, 4658 Providencia stuartii recA gene, 578 primary structure, 4658 urease, recombinant recA transcription nosZ gene, 4658 characterization, 2202 autogenous regulation, 4699 Pseudomonas syringae genetic organization, 2202 kinetics of induction, 4699 copper resistance operon induction, 4399 purification, 2202 regA mRNA accumulation, 4477 ice nucleation protein, 669 prs gene toxA mRNA accumulation, 4477 Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea E. coli, 1148 Pseudomonas diminuta avirulence genes prsA gene organophosphorus-degrading (opd) gene cloning, 4846 S. typhimurium, 3243 cloning, 2306 expression, 4846 psbC-like gene sequencing, 2306 Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae cyanobacterial, 5018 Pseudomonas fluorescens gene expression in P. fluorescens, 4748 Pseudoauxotrophy antibiotic biosynthesis pathogenicity locus, 5479 M. voltae, 4091 catabolite induction, 380 syringomycin production genes Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetic determinants, 380 functional analysis, 5680 adenylate energy charge, 3655 attachment physical analysis, 5680 alginate conversion genes bacterium-substratum separation dis- syringotoxin production proteins cloning, 3228 tance, 2027 genetic organization, 5689 gene replacement cosmid vector, 3228 electrolytes, 2027 regulation, 5689 alginate genes ice nucleation protein, 669 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci cloning, 1452 P. syringae pv. syringae gene expres- pathogenicity genes anabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferase, sion, 4748 characterization, 2584 2725 phenazine antibiotic isolation, 2584 argF gene G. graminis var. tritici control, 3499 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato nucleotide sequence, 2725 Pseudomonas putida copper resistance genes transcriptional control, 2725 catBC operon promoter nucleotide sequence, 2879 aromatic biogenic amines localization, 1297 organization, 2879 catabolism, 393 nucleotide sequence, 1297 Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi catA gene transcriptional regulation, 1297 indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase cloning, 4458 chlorocatechol metabolism gene expres- indoleacetic acid pool size, 2367 expression, 4458 sion, 2412 virulence, 2367 catBC genes histidine utilization (hut) genes PstA protein cloning, 4458 multiple regulation, 4272 Arg-220, 2283 expression, 4458 organization, 4272 E. coli, 2283 elastase iron uptake, siderophore mediated, 4693 Pteroylpolyglutamate contents processing, 5241 K. pneumoniae oriC, 3774 archaebacteria, 4420 synthesis, 5241 nitrophenol oxygenase ptsH gene transport, 5241 characterization, 1789 E. coli, 3827 elastase precursor purification, 1789 ptsl gene characterization, 1215 siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster E. coli, 3827 partial purification, 1215 organization, 1812 Puf mutant elastase structural gene, 4309 transcription, 1812 R. sphaeroides, 320 exotoxin A siderophore-mediated iron uptake, 4693 puf operon expression, 714 Pseudomonas solanacearuin deletions regulation, 4477 egi gene pleiotropic effects, 5814 secretion, 714 cloning, 1445 terminator, 4681 xxxiv SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

R. capsulatus, 5814 recE+ gene 416 R. sphaeroides, 4681 B. subtilis, 335 Rheotactic behavior Pullulanase recE locus gliding mycoplasma M. mobile, 989 B. stearothermophilus, 1554 E. coli, 5797 Rhizobium fredii Purine nucleoside phosphorylase, adenine exonuclease VIII polyclonal antibodies, host-inducible genes specific 5797 cloning, 171 A. laidlawii, 564 RecF pathway inducing compound, 171 putP mutant activation by phage-encoded functions, isolation, 171 E. coli, 5185 4379 molecular analysis, 171 Pyochelin E. coli, 4379 Rhizobium japonicum

P. aeruginosa , 5344, 5364 recF suppression nodD genes Pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake E. coli, 3675 function, 12 fluorescent Pseudomonas strains, 4865 recA mutations, 3675 structure, 12 specificity, 4865 recJ mutations Rhizobium leguminosarum Pyrogallol-phloroglucinol isomerase E. coli, 2555 attachment E. oxidoreducens, 2472 recN262 mutation manganese, 2994 Pyrophosphatase (inorganic) gene ppa E. coli, 2392 pea lectin, 2994 E. coli, 5901 radB101 mutation, 2392 Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar vicae Pyruvate decarboxylase genes recN mutations Sym plasmid-dependent proteins, 4424 Z. mobilis, 3310 E. coli, 2555 Rhizobium meliloti Pyruvate formate-lyase Recombinant-DNA integration alfalfa-specific signal anaerobic regulation, 5330 Streptococcus spp., 1969 nodH gene, 5489 E. coli, 5330 Recombination C4-dicarboxylate transport genes Pyruvate oxidase B. subtilis, 3978 megaplasmid, 927 acetohydroxy acid synthase, 3937 B. subtilis mutants, 3001 nitrogen fixation genes, 927 E. coli, 3937 illegitimate, 2898 C. sepium root exudate, 1153 SLPI att sites, 5806 Calcofluor-binding exopolysaccharide Queuine Recombination enhancement gene ref overproduction, 4249 C. pyrenoidosa, 5633 P1, 4881 synthesis genes, 4239 C. reinhardtii, 5633 recP gene catabolic plasmid, 1153 lack of synthesis, 5633 S. pneumoniae, 630 chemotaxis salvage, 5633 ref gene dual pathway, 3249 Quinolone action P1, 4881 luteolin, 3164 archaebacteria, 946 regA mRNA mutants, 3249 Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase gene P. aeruginosa, 4477 cyclic glucans, 4569 A. calcoaceticus, 2121 Release factor effects exo mutants cloning, 2121 E. coli, 4714 alfalfa nodulation, 1003 UAA codons, 4714 nod genes, 1003 radB101 mutation Release factor genes polysaccharides, 3327 E. coli, 2392 E. coli, 4537 Exo- mutants, group E recN262 mutation, 2392 mapping, 4537 genetic analysis, 474 rcsB RepA protein physical analysis, 474 E. coli, 2599 C terminus, 1261 exo mutations rcsC Rtsl, 1261, 4411 A. brasilense loci, 5401 E. coli, 2599 Replication fork arrest ferredoxin gene, 4406 rec-J gene B. subtilis terC, 4083 glycine betaine metabolism H. influenzae, 3876 Resistance gene transfer osmoregulation, 3142 recA alleles heterogramic, 1739 pathway, 3142 P. aeruginosa, 1637 Respiratory-deficient mutant ndvA gene product recA gene E. coli, 78 0-(1-32)glucan production, 3523 A. caviae, 48 Restriction escape HlyB protein, 3523 DNA-damaging agents, 2385 T7, 2095 nitrogen fixation genes Les- phenotype, 578 Restriction patterns C4-dicarboxylate transport genes, 927 P. aeruginosa, 578, 2385 cyanobacterial DNAs, 1934 megaplasmid, 927 recA mutants Restriction system nod genes E. coli, 2549 S. avermitilis, 5607 alfalfa nodulation, 1003 perturbed replication, 2549 Restriction-modification exo mutants, 1003 recA mutations S. lactis conjugative plasmid, 3435 host range determination, 5718 E. coli, 3675 Restriction-modification genes, type I transfer to R. trifolii, 5718 recF suppression, 3675 additional families, 5785 nodH gene Salmonella spp., 5785 alfalfa-specific signal, 5489 RecA proteins, protease constitutive Restriction-modification genes, type 11 osmoregulation activation S. infantis, 2527 glycine betaine, 3142 nucleoside triphosphates, 4816 rfb gene cluster polysaccharides rRNA and tRNA, 4823 0 antigen, 98, 103 exo mutants, 3327 E. coli, 4816, 4823 Salmonella spp., 98, 103 succinate metabolism mutants, 3396 recA transcription rff mutant symbiotic loci, 4257 P. aeruginosa, 4699 E. coli, 228 transformation, 5925 RecBCD activity enterobacterial common antigen synthe- Rhizobium phaseoli E. coli, 2012 sis, 228 ammonium assimilation, 980 modulation by phages, 2012 L-Rhamnose metabolism E. coli gdhA gene recBCD genes E. coli, 416 nitrogen fixation, 985 P. mirabilis, 1412 L-lactaldehyde dissimilation regulation, genomic instability, 1191 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxxv

glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase oxygen regulation, 5468 rRNA gene, 16S pathway, 980 regulation, 4065 M. bovis, 2886 nitrogen fixation ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ rRNA operon promoter E. coli gdhA gene, 985 oxygenase M. pneumoniae, 3262 Rhizobium spp. oxidative modification, 5473 rRNA operons genomic instability, 1191 thioredoxin B. subtilis, 605 lipopolysaccharide profiles, 3782 primary structure, 2406 instability, 605 membrane protein profiles, 3782 Ribosomal proofreading S. lividans, 1631 Rhizobium strain NGR234 suppressor tRNAs, 3756 rRNA overproduction sirato (M. atropurpureum), 1848 Ribosomal protein S20 E. coli, 5042 Rhizobium trifolii regulatory mutations, 2485 ribosome synthesis, 5042 nitrogen fixation region, 3793 synthesis, 2485 rRNAs, 16S R. meliloti nod genes, 5718 Ribosome synthesis chloroplasts, 3584 symbiosis plasmid, 3793 E. coli, 5042 cyanobacteria, 3584 Rhizopus niveus rRNA overproduction, 5042 sulfur-oxidizing bacterial endosymbionts, aspartic proteinase gene Ribosomes 2506 isolation, 272 T. maritima, 4353 rrnB operon sequencing, 272 Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase E. coli, 1235 Rhodobacter capsulatus oxygen regulation, 5468 spacer loop sequence, 1235 B800-850 complexes R. rubrum, 4065, 5468 ruv operon light regulation, 877 Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ E. coli, 4322 cytochrome C2, 2388 oxygenase fru regulon cloning, 1698 mutagenesis, 5 S layer fruA-defective Tn5 insertion mutant, oxidative modification, 5473 A. hydrophila, 499, 2625, 2631 1698 R. rubrum, 5473 procaryotes, 2891 hemA gene, 4382 R. sphaeroides, 5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae nitrogen fixation genes Rickettsia rickettsii allantoate permease gene DAL5 identification, 693 antigen gene expression structure, 266 mapping, 693 posttranslational modification, 4493 transcription, 266 nifA-nifB duplication, 693 transcription, 4493 amino acid pools puf operon deletions RNA polymerase cytosolic, 2683 pleiotropic effects, 5814 B. subtilis vacuolar, 2683 respiratory growth, 2388 late sporulation, 5863 antigen localization, 2775 Rhodobacter sphaeroides RNA polymerase genes ascospore germination chemotaxis response, 5673 M. thermoautotrophicum, 2247 trehalose, 3789 CO2 fixation genes methanogenic archaebacteria, 2247 bleomycin-induced DNA repair, 4991 localization, 2153 RNA polymerase subunit homology C,-tetrahydrofolate synthase mapping, 2153 archaebacteria, 4136 C. acidiurici 10-formyltetrahydrofolate K. pneumoniae oriC, 3774 cyanobacteria, 4136 synthetase, 3255 light-harvesting mutants eubacteria, 4136 Calcofluor White, 1945, 1950 physiological analysis, 1103 RNase III expression CDP-diacylglycerol synthesis mutant, structural analysis, 1103 S. cerevisiae, 2989 1878 membrane RNase D gene rnd cell cycle pigment proteins, 2758 E. coli, 522 enzyme activity changes, 4808 pigment proteins rnd gene cell wall localization, 2758 E. coli, 522 Hg+ resistance, 5877 proton motive force roc deletion chitin synthases, 1945 potassium ions, 5647 X, 5051 chitin synthesis, 1950 Puf mutant Roseburia cecicola CHOI gene characterization, 320 flagellin gene phosphatidylserine synthase, 3778 complementation, 320 cloning, 2612 COX3 gene, mitochondrial construction, 320 nucleotide sequence, 2612 nuclear protein-coding gene, 1399 puf operon taxonomic implications, 2612 posttranscriptional expression, 1399 terminator deletion, 4681 rpoB mutations Cu2+ effect, 2676 ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxy- DNA superhelicity, 4266 cystathionine ,B-synthase deficiency mu- genase, 5 E. coli, 4266 tation, 5883 mutagenesis, 5 rpoD operon promoter cysteine biosynthesis, 5883 tetrapyrrole synthesis B. subtilis, 1617 DAL5 gene chemostat culture, 4652 aH-RNA polymerase, 1617 structure, 266 light regulation, 4652 rpoH mutations transcription, 266 Rhodococcus fascians E. coli, 3479 deletions, in vivo, 3870 cadmium resistance plasmids c32 3479 conjugative transfer, 2401 2-deoxyglucose resistance, 2870 Rhodococcus spp. rpsD mutations DNA uptake plasmid transformation, 638 suppressor tRNAs, 3756 nuclei, 547 shuttle vector, 638 rpsL mutations enzyme activity changes Rhodopseudomonas palustris suppressor tRNAs, 3756 cell cycle, 4808 benzoate-coenzyme A ligase rpsT mutations GLN3 gene, 708 properties, 1709 ribosomal protein S20 synthesis, 2485 glucose transport, 4838, 5375 purification, 1709 rpsU-dnaG-rpoD operon glucose uptake Rhodospirillum rubrum E. coli, 5759 derepression, 2654 ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase regulation, 5759 kinase structural gene mutations, 5396 mRNA, 4065 tandem promoters, 5759 sec mutations, 2654 xxxvi SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Hg+ resistance signal transduction, 5507 aerobic excretion, 2884 cell wall, 5877 cys genes, 42 anaerobic metabolism, 2159 in vivo deletions, 3870 cysK region prsA gene, 3243 killer toxin KT28 DNA sequence, 3150 rfb gene cluster cell wall receptor, 2192 ptsH linkage, 3150 cloning, 98 metallothionein gene division cycle map, 98 expression in E. coli, 21 cell wall synthesis rate, 422 selenium metabolism mutant microcalorimetric growth monitoring, dnaB gene characterization, 736 4562 dominant lethal mutations, 3682 isolation, 736 nitrogen assimilation, 708 sequence, 2668 starvation-regulated genetic loci nuclei enterobacterial common antigen synthe- characterization, 345 DNA uptake in vitro, 547 sis, 4008 identification, 345 osmotolerance, 4562 ethanolamine utilization, 3855 supQlnewD gene substitution system phosphatidate phosphatase activity fdn genes, 213 leuD gene, 3115 inositol regulation, 3561 flagellar gene products, 2221 tonB expression phosphatidylinositol kinase formate-nitrate respiration DNA supercoiling, 2816 regulation, 828 fdn genes, 213 transductional library, 42 phosphatidylserine synthase gnd alleles tricarboxylate transport operon tctI CHOI gene, 3778 nucleotide sequences, 372 cloning, 883 phospholipid biosynthesis regulation, hupA gene E. coli, 883 1878 mapping, 5751 expression, 3223 PIS gene primary structure, 5751 properties, 883 expression in E. coli, 4727 leu operon expression vitamin B,2 RNase III expression, 2989 miaA mutant, 5125 epoxyqueosine reduction, 2078 secretory organelles leuD gene Salt concentrations, extreme antigen localization, 2775 supQlnewD gene substitution system, H. acetoethylicus, 3065 URE2 gene, 708 3115 sbcB mutations vacuolar function lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis E. coli, 2089 amino acid pools, 2683 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate block, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cu2+, 2676 2185 lysine biosynthesis pathway mutants, 2687 miaA mutant lysine auxotrophs, 5968 Saccharopolyspora erythraea leu operon expression, 5125 wild type, 5968 pSE101 integration, 2287 mismatch repair Schwanniomyces occidentalis sacU locus mutS gene, 190, 197 ADE2 gene, 5572 B. subtilis, 5093, 5102 mutS gene transformation, 5572 sad gene homology to S. pneumoniae hexA, sec mutants E. coli, 991 190, 197 E. coli, 4001 Saline adaptation nucleotide sequence, 197 lipoprotein export, 4001 M. thermophila, 998 NAD biosynthesis secA(Ts) mutations Salmolysin nadA repressor, 117 E. coli, 3404 A. salmonicida, 3694 nadB repressor, 117 secA regulation Salmonella enteritidis NAD pyrophosphatase mutants, 3725 E. coli, 3281 fimbrin gene NAD synthetase secA sequence cloning, 4216 structural gene, 2113 E. coli, 3404 expression in E. coli, 4216 nadA repressor, 117 Secretion Mu nadB repressor, 117 chimeric polypeptides, 2212 lipopolysaccharide receptors, 1076 near-UV stress degradation, 2212 mutagenesis, 1076 4-thiouridine, 2344 E. coli, 2051, 2212, 4445 Salmonella infantis O antigen L. mesenteroides, 5006 modification methylase M SinI rfb gene cluster, 98, 103 maltose-binding protein, 4445 characterization, 2533 osmoregulated genes, 534 membrane depolarization, 2051 isolation, 2533 osmotic stress protein secretion, 5337 restriction-modification genes, type II proline levels, 2374 S. aureus, 5337 cloning, 2527 oxygen regulation S. lividans, 3924 nucleotide sequences, 2527 novel loci, 842 Secretory organelles Salmonella spp. peptidoglycan synthesis antigen localization, 2775 hsd genes, type I single-strand insertion, 3509 S. cerevisiae, 2775 additional families, 5785 pgtBC genes, 4299, 4304 Selenium metabolism 0 antigens pH regulation E. coli, 540 rjb gene cluster, 98, 103 novel loci, 842 S. typhimurium mutant, 736 variation, 103 phosphoglycerate transport D-Selenocystine a,p-lyase rfl, gene clusters, 98, 103 exogenous induction, 4299, 4304 C. sticklandii, 751 Salmonella typhi pgtBC genes, 4299, 4304 Selenomonas ruminantium aroA his pur strains, 3991 phosphoglycerate transporter gene pgtP carbon flow regulation attenuating auxotrophy, 3991 nucleotide sequence, 3421 glucose-limited continuous culture, live-vaccine strains, 3991 transcription start point, 3421 5305 Salmonella typhimurium phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase glucose metabolism aerotaxis gene prsA, 3243 energy conservation sites, 5298 signal transduction, 5507 proC gene pathway, 5298 cell wall synthesis rate, 422 transcriptional regulation, 2379 D-Serine deaminase activator gene dsdC chemotaxis proline levels E. coli, 330 ATP requirement site, 2698 osmotic stress, 2374 L-Serine transport oxygen, 5507 1,2-propanediol E. coli, 2236 VOL . 170, l1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxxvii

H+ cotransport, 2236 recombination, 5806 Spore-associated protein gene Serratia liquefaciens Small, acid-soluble spore protein genes S. coelicolor, 1895 chitin utilization genes, 2984 B. megaterium, 4942 transcription promoter, 1895 phospholipase Al gene B. subtilis, 239 Sporulation cloning, 5855 expression regulation, 239 P. polycephalum expression in E. coli, 5855 Small, acid-soluble spore proteins selective gene expression, 4784 Serratia marcescens absence, 1403 S. griseus extracellular protein mutants, 4141 B. subtilis, 1403, 5963 DNA cloning, 2802 fimbrial gene localization in sporulating cells, 5963 Sporulation gene expression cloning, 3567 Small, acid-soluble spore proteins a and a B. subtilis, 796 sequence, 3567 B. subtilis late, 796 hemolysin determinant mutants, 2858 Spot 42 RNA gene products, 3177 UV resistance, 2858 DNA polymerase I activity, 2083 nucleotide sequence, 3177 Sodium transport E. coli, 2083 hemolytic activity A. laidlawii, 5739 spoVH operon growth temperature, 5146 Soil bacterium B. subtilis, 803 lipopolysaccharide, 5146 denitrification, 2501 cloning, 803 hydrophobicity phthalate, 2501 dependence pattern, 803 serratamolide, 4361 Solfapterin Stable-maintenance genes Shiga toxin genes S. solfataricus, 1396 R100, 1461 S. dysenteriae type 1, 1116 structure, 1396 Staphylococcinlike peptide Shiga-like toxin type II variant SOS response membrane depolarization, 84 cloning, 4223 Ada protein, 1354 Staphylococcus aureus E. coli, 4223 B. subtilis, 442 accessory gene regulator, 4365 sequencing, 4223 E. coli, 1354 agr gene, 4365 Shigella dysenteriae inhibition, 1354 entB gene Shiga toxin genes supercoiled plasmid DNA discrete genetic element, 4033 cloning, 1116 drug-induced relaxation, 442 enterotoxins sequencing, 1116 SOS-like induction type A gene sequence, 34 Shigella flexneri B. subtilis, 1467 type E gene sequence, 2954 enterobactin genes Soybean cells methicillin resistance gene genetics, 5579 B. japonicum binding, 3882 Tn4291, 149 regulation, 5579 Spacer loop sequence oxacillin-induced inhibition pMYSH6000 E. coli, 1235 protein synthesis, 1831 virulence-associated regions, 2480 rrnB operon, 1235 RNA synthesis, 1831 Shuttle vector spc operon phage 4)11 Rhodococcus spp., 638 E. coli, 4484 attachment sites, 2409 Siderophore biosynthesis feedback regulation, 4484 plasmid replication enhancer, 5709 gene cluster spf gene protein secretion genes organization, 1812 cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor pro- cloning, 5337 transcription, 1812 tein, 3110 expression in E. coli, 5337 P. aeruginosa, 5344, 5364 E. coli, 3110 pT181 P. putida, 1812 transcription, 3110 tetracycline resistance gene, 5522 pyochelin, 5344, 5364 Spirochaeta aurantia tetracycline resistance V. anguillarum pJMI, 1913 chemotaxis, 1768 pTI81, 5522 Siderophore-mediated iron uptake motility, 1768 Tn4291 P. putida, 4693 periplasmic flagella, 4023 identification, 149 fy28 factor spoOA gene methicillin resistance, 149 B. subtilis, 1560 B. subtilis, 3765 Starvation au28 gene vegetative alkaline phosphatase produc- E. coli B. subtilis, 1568 tion, 3765 H202 resistance, 3910 ao32 factor spoOF region heat resistance, 3910 E. coli mutants, 3640 B. subtilis, 4194 Starvation protein synthesis aJEgene spoOH gene E. coli, 3903 B. subtilis, 3058 B. licheniformis, 1054 regulation, 3903 rA4-ike promoter, 3058 B. subtilis, 1054, 3765 Starvation-regulated genetic loci aH-RNA polymerase or30 (OJH) 1054 S. typhimurium, 345 B. subtilis, 1617 vegetative alkaline phosphatase produc- Streptococcal M protein rpoD operon promoter, 1617 tion, 3765 cell-associated region, 2618 Signal peptide spoIIE operon evolution, 676 degradation, 5067 B. subtilis, 1598 type 24 gene sin operon promoter region, 1598 cloning, 676 B. subtilis, 1046 spolIG operon nucleotide sequence, 676 expression, 1046 B. subtilis, 507, 3058 Streptococcus bovis structure, 1046 promoter, 3058 amino acid transport Single-stranded-DNA-binding protein aoE, 507, 3058 sodium dependence, 3531 E. coli, 2493 spollIC gene Streptococcus cremoris overproduction, 2493 B. subtilis, 1162 amino acid transport, 700 Sirato structure, 1162 branched chain, 3194 pathogenic-like responses, 1848 transcriptional regulation, 1162 cholesterol, 3194 Rhizobium mutant infection, 1848 spolVC locus amino acid uptake, light driven SLPI B. subtilis, 3513 fused membranes, 1820 att sites, 5806 sporulation gene promoter, 3513 growth, 700 xxxviii SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

Streptococcus faecalis 4376 regulation, 2511 autolytic activity, 1783 Streptomyces fradiae Suppressor tRNAs nonlytic death, 1783 ermSF ribosomal proofreading, 3756 pAMf3l cloning, 1800 supQlnewD gene substitution system transfer frequency to L. plantarum, sequencing, 1800 leuD gene, 3115 5939 translational attenuation control, 1800 S. typhimurium, 3115 Streptococcus lactis Tn4556, 1955 Surface array gene adenylate energy charge, 3655 Streptomyces griseosporus C. crescentus, 4706 amino acid transport, 700 a-amylase inhibitor (HaimlI) gene transcription, 4706 growth, 700 expression, 4451 Surface array protein restriction-modification nucleotide sequence, 4451 C. fetus, 4165 conjugative plasmid, 3435 Streptomyces griseus Surface layer Streptococcus mutans sporulation crystalline, 2891 ATP level, 4589 DNA cloning, 2802 Surface layer protein genes cell shape, 3752 Streptomyces lipmanii B. brevis, 935 ethanol energization, 4589 isopenicillin N synthetase gene Surfactin biosynthesis locus fructosyltransferase gene ftf cloning, 3817 B. subtilis, 5662 sequence, 810 expression in E. coli, 3817 Symbionts, sulfur oxidizing tetO gene, 3618 Streptomyces lividans 16S rRNAs, 2506 Streptococcus pneumoniae gal operon Symbiotic loci autolysin gene gene organization, 203 R. meliloti, 4257 insertional inactivation, 5931 structure, 203 Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942 com locus, 3136 insertion of adventitious genes, 2174 iron-deficient growth, 4466 competence control proteins, 3136 pIJlO1 irpA gene, 4466 hexA gene nucleotide sequence, 4634 Synechosistis sp. strain PCC 6803 homology to S. typhimurium mutS, pSE101 integration, 2287 aminolevulinate synthesis 190, 197 rRNA operon glutamyl-tRNA, 3810 nucleotide sequence, 190 characterization, 1631 Syringomycin production genes mismatch repair cloning, 1631 P. syringae pv. syringae, 5680 hexA gene, 190, 197 secretion Syringotoxin production proteins recP gene E. coli galactokinase, 3924 genetic organization, 5689 characterization, 630 interleukin- I 1, 3924 P. syringae pv. syringae, 5689 cloning, 630 SLPI integration, 2174 regulation, 5689 transformation, 630 Streptomyces parvulus Streptococcus pyogenes metabolic regulation Tandem promoters chromosomal conjugative element, 3930 actinomycin D synthesis, 4055 M. echinospora, 71 efflux reaction, 1874 nuclear magnetic resonance spectros- temporal regulation, 71 inducer expulsion, 1874 copy, 4055 Tar protein L forms Streptomyces spp. aspartate taxis mutants, 4509 penicillin-binding proteins, 4775 FP43, 2276 C-terminal fragment, 2521, 5134 penicillin-binding proteins, 4775 transduction, 2276 E. coli, 2521, 4509, 4516, 5134 Tn3701, 3930 Streptomycin resistance maltose chemotaxis, 4516 Streptococcus salivarius E. coli, 1275 Targeting surface properties, 2462 TnS, 1275 N-terminal amphipathic a-helices, 2296 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 2462 Substrate utilization tctI operon Streptococcus sanguis E. risticii, 5012 S. typhimurium, 883, 3223 coaggregation-inhibitory polysaccharide, E. sennetsu, 5012 tdc operon 2229 Subtilisin E. coli, 5352, 5360 Streptococcus spp. B. subtilis, 289, 296 T-DNA recombinant-DNA integration, 1969 expression in sporulation mutants, 289 pTiA6, 1523 Streptomyces antibioticus promoter mutation targets, 296 VirD2 complex, 3367 exocytoplasmic endonuclease, 1339 transcription, 289 Tellurite-reducing activities restriction, 1339 Succinate metabolism mutants T. thermophilus, 3269 Streptomyces aureofaciens R. meliloti, 3396 Temperature-dependent instability bromoperoxidase gene Sucrose utilization Rtsl fragment nucleotide sequence, 1175 cloning, 5890 thermophilic fungi Temperature-sensitive growth high-level expression, 5890 glucose utilization, 3274 nusA amber mutation, 908 valine dehydrogenase Sugar-phosphate transport system Temporal control characterization, 5192 E. coli, 3375 TnS transposition, 889 isolation, 5192 uhp genes, 3375 Temporal regulation Streptomyces avermitilis Sulfate transport methyl-specific restriction system, 5607 A. nidulans, 583 M. echinospora tandem promoters, 71 Streptomyces chrysomallus Siulfolobus solfataricus terC actinomycin C production, 1360 solfapterin structure, 1396 B. subtilis, 4083 Streptomyces coelicolor Sulfur-oxidizing bacterial endosymbionts replication fork arrest, 4083 developmental genes, 1168 16S rRNAs, 2506 TET protein morphological differentiation, 1168 Supercoiled DNA E. coli, 1715 physiological differentiation, 1168 B. subtilis, 442 multimeric state, 1715 spore-associated protein gene relaxation, 442 tetO gene cloning, 1895 SOS response, 442 S. mutans, 3618 transcription promoter, 1895 T4 late transcription, 1279 Tetracycline resistance Streptomyces flocculus Superoxide dismutase, manganese aerobically grown E. coli, 1423 S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolism, E. coli, 2511 S. aureus pT181, 5522 VOL. 170, 1988 SUBJECT INDEX xxxix

Tetracycline resistance elements Transcription, compartment specific Trichosporon cutaneum B. uniformis, 1651 B. subtilis, 5086 phenol uptake, 2383 plasmidlike forms, 1651 Transduction trmD operon Tetracycline resistance gene tetO B. stearothermophilus, 3761 E. coli, 3025 S. mutans, 3618 FP43, 2276 noncoordinate translational regulation, Tetracycline resistance protein Transductional library 3025 aminoglycoside susceptibility, 598 S. typhimurium cys genes, 42 tRNA genes E. coli, 598 Transformation P. phosphoreum, 5601 pleiotropic effects, 598 B. subtilis, 3703 trp genes Tetrapyrrole synthesis electroporation, 2796 cosmid cloning, 3158 light regulation, 4652 M. thermoautotrophicum, 653 Z. mobilis, 3158 R. sphaeroides, 4652 R. meliloti, 5925 trp operon Thermomonospora fusca Rhodococcus spp., 638 B. subtilis, 3080 celE gene S. occidentalis, 5572 cis-acting sites, 3080 binding protein, 3843 Transposition trpFBA operon structure transcription, 3838 inhibition C. crescentus, 757 Thermophilic bacteria p2, 3008 Tryptophan biosynthesis ethanol production, 2809 Tn5, 3008 C. crescentus, 769 Thermophilic P-amylase gene IS50L, 1965 tsr mutants C. thermosulfurogenes, 5848 one ended, 1350 E. coli, 4769 Thermophilic fungi temporal control thermosensing, 4769 mixed-substrate utilization, 3274 Tn5, 889 tsx gene Thermoregulated protein release Tn21, 1350 E. coli, 108 E. coli omsA mutation, 5229 Transposons Turgor pressure Thermosensing K. pneumoniae Tn1331 A. aquaticus, 1129 E. coli tsr mutants, 4769 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene, 3769 antibiotics, 1129 Thermotoga maritima S. fradiae Tn4556, 1955 gram-negative bacteria, 1129 aminoglycoside antibiotic insensitivity, Tn5 Tyrosine-specific transport system 4353 inversion event assay, 4972 E. coli tyrP gene, 4946 ribosomes, 4353 p2, 3008 tyrP gene Thermus aquaticus R. capsulatus mutant, 1698 E. coli, 4946 methyl viologen effects, 4995 streptomycin resistance, 1275 sequence, 4946 oxygen effects, 4995 temporal transposition control, 889 Thermus thermophilus transposition inhibition, 3008 UAA codons Ca2+-stabilized oligomeric proteins, 2441 Tn7 E. coli, 4714 cell envelope proteins, 2441 attTn7 recognition, 2832 release factor effects, 4714 tellurite-reducing activities E. coli attTn7 site, 352 ubiG gene biochemical characterization, 3269 Tn21 E. coli, 1346 purification, 3269 one-ended transposition, 1350 expression regulation, 1346 Thiobacillus ferrooxidans variable endpoints, 1350 UGA-suppressor mutations Mo6+ reduction Tn916 E. coli prfB gene, 5378 elemental sulfur, 5956 E. faecalis, 3046 uhp genes phenotypic switching, 3915 genetic organization, 245 E. coli, 3375 Thiocapsa pfennigii terminal sequences, 3046 sugar-phosphate transport system regula- lipopolysaccharide, 3217 Tn1331 tion, 3375 Thiocystis violacea 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene, 3769 umuDC region lipopolysaccharide, 3217 Tn3411 Escherichia spp., 1610 Thiol-sensitive promoters IS3411 sequence, 1902 polymorphisms, 1610 E. coli, 3291 Tn3701, 3930 unc genes Thioredoxin Tn4291 E. coli, 459 R. rubrum, 2406 methicillin resistance, 149 expression regulation, 459 4-Thiouridine S. aureus, 149 uncG mutant near-UV stress, 2344 Tn4351 E. coli, 179 tonB gene Bacteroides spp., 449 temperature-sensitive growth, 179 DNA supercoiling, 2816 direct repeats, 449 Uncoupler sensitivity expression regulation, 2816 tra Y product E. coli, 4330 tox promoter R100, 2749 marine bacteria, 4330 E. coli, 5949 Trehalose synthesis moderate halophile, 4330 toxA mRNA E. coli, 2841 Uptake hydrogenase activity P. aeruginosa, 4477 osmoregulation, 2841 B. japonicum, 1962 toxR gene Treponema pallidum Uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitor gene osmoregulation, 2575 outer membrane cloning, 1082 V. cholerae, 2575 selective release, 5789 expression in E. coli, 1082 tps gene Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum PBS2, 1082 M. xanthus, 4931 periplasmic flagellar proteins, 4072 URE2 gene traF product Treponema phagedensis S. cerevisiae, 708 F, 3633 periplasmic flagellar proteins, 4072 Ureaplasma urealyticum periplasmic protein, 3633 Tricarboxylate transport operon tctl urease, 2692 traJ product S. typhimurium, 883, 3223 Urease R100, 2749 Trichoderma reesei U. urealyticum, 2692 trans-acting termination factor endoglucanase synthesis Urease gene complex E. coli, 662 regulation, 3689 multiple proteins, 1027 xl SUBJECT INDEX J. BACTERIOL.

P. mirabilis, 1027 neuraminidase gene nanH Virulence genes Urease locus cloning, 1495 cloning, 617 DNA rearrangement, 1041 expression in E. coli, 1495 P. solanacearum, 617 E. coli, 1041 osmoregulation, 2575 Virulence regulation Urease structural genes toxR, 2575 B. pertussis, 5059 P. mirabilis, 3342 Vibrio fischeri Vitamin B 2 Urease, recombinant lux gene epoxyqueosine reduction, 2078 P. stuartii, 2202 regulatory circuit, 4040 Vitamin contents UV damage repair transcription, 4040 archaebacteria, 4315 E. coli, 2555 Vibrio harveyi recJ mutations, 2555 fatty acid metabolism xonA mutations recN mutations, 2555 enzymes, 967 E. coli, 2089 UV mutagenesis regulation, 967 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy DNA photolyase complex, 5371 Vibrio sp., marine S. salivarius, 2462 E. coli, 5371 excretion mutants, 3537 xth gene uvrA6 mutation vir genes E. coli, 4542 cloning, 1012 A. tumefaciens, 5822 sequence, 4542 E. coli, 1012 enhanced induction, 5822 xyl operon identification, 1012 glycine betaine, 5822 B. subtilis, 3102 UV-sensitive mutator mutant vir locus Xylanase gene xynZ H. influenzae, 2537 B. pertussis, 2904 C. thermocellum, 4582 virA gene Xylanase Z Vacuolar function A. tumefaciens, 4047 C. thermocellum, 4576 S. cerevisiae transcriptional regulation, 4047 xynZ gene amino acid pools, 2683 VirD2-T-DNA complex C. thermocellum, 4582 Cu2+, 2676 A. tumefaciens, 3367 mutants, 2687 virE2 product Yeast nuclei Valine dehydrogenase A. tumefaciens, 2659 DNA uptake in vitro, 547 S. aureofaciens, 5192 single-stranded-DNA-binding protein, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Vanillate demethylase genes 2659 pectate lyase gene pel Y Pseudomonas sp., 4924 T-DNA, 2659 cloning, 1825 Very short patch mismatch repair virE operon sequencing, 1825 E. coli dcm mutants, 4967 A. tumefaciens pTiA6, 1430 Zymomonas mobilis EcoRII methylase, 4967 virG gene phosphoglycerate kinase gene Vibrio anguillarum A. tumefaciens, 4047 cloning, 1926 iron uptake transcriptional regulation, 4047 localization, 1926 chromosome mediated, 1920 Virulence sequencing, 1926 pJM1, 1913 E. chrysanthemi, 2419 pyruvate decarboxylase genes, 3310 Vibrio cholerae iron assimilation, 2419 trp genes flagellum lipopolysaccharide, 1488 S. flexneri pMYSH6000, 2480 cosmid cloning, 3158