MAY 16, 1975 25 CENTS VOLUME 39/NUMBER .18

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

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-See pages 6, 7, 10

New England students battle racist cutbacks -page 8

Black workers hear Camejo on job crisis -page 9

Boston march supports Edelin, abortion rights -page 15

FBI plot against Black socialist candidate -page 16

~...... :-""""'" 1'•. ,. On-the-scene I!O•."t"'George Wallace for his "contribution to educa­ Ass'n., 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. tion" brought a predictably strong protest from outraged Telephone: Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Busi­ Black Catholics. "It's incredible, incredible; it just can't TO THE ness Office (212) 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 710 S. Westlake Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90057. happen," said the head of the National Office for Black Telephone: (213) 483-2798. Washington Bureau: Catholics. MILITIIT 1345 E._ St. N.W., Foorth Floor, Washington, D.C. Wallace "stood in the schoolhouse door" in Alabama 20004. Telephone: (202) 638-4081. twelve years ago to block the court-ordered admission of Correspondence concerning subscriptions or The NAACP-called march on Boston on May 17 changes of address should be addressed to The Black students. Alabama currently ranks last among the promises to be one of the most significant civil rights Militant Business Office, 14 Charles Lane, New fifty states in the amount spent per child on education. demonstrations in years. Keep up with plans for that York, N.Y. 10014. When Wallace took office the state ranked forty-eighth. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. action· and the ongoing struggle against racism in Subscriptions: domestic, $7.50 a year; foreign, OHIO-KENTUCKY SOCIALIST CONFERENCE: A education. Subscribe today. $11.00. By first-class mail: domestic, Canada, and Mexico, $32; all other countries, $53. By airmail: commemoration of the fifteenth anniversary of the Young domestic, Canada, and Mexico, $42. By air printed Socialist Alliance was the theme of a conference held in matter: Central America and Caribbean, $40; IntrOductory ollar-81/2 months Cleveland April 18-20. Linda Jenness, a cochairperson of / Mediterranean Africa, Europe, and South America, ) $1 for two months $52; USSR, Asia, Pacific, and Africa, $62. Write for the Socialist Workers 1976 National Campaign Committee, ( ) New foreign sealed air postage rates. recounted the history of the YSA. YSA National Committee ) $7.50 for one year ( · ) Renewal For subscriptions airmailed from New York and member Christina Adachi spoke on "How to defeat the then posted from London directly to Britain, racist . antibusing drive in Boston." Bronson Rozier de­ Name------~ Ireland, and Continental Europe: £1.50 for eight Address ______issues, £3.50 for six months, £6.50 for one year. scribed the FBI harassment and jailing of members of the Send banker's draft or international postal order women's and gay movements in Lexington, Kentucky, City ______State _____L,Zip ____ (payable to Pathfinder Press) to Pathfinder Press, under the cover of a search for radicals charged with 47 The Cut, London, SE1 8LL, England. Inquire for air rates from London at the same address. various crimes. And Cathy Murphy spoke of her efforts to 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014 Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily gain recognition for a Young Socialist Club at her high represent the Militant's views. These are expressed in editorials.

2 Vietnam ·refugee· debate shows gov·t racism, deceit, and· hypocrisy By Andy Rose Ford pooh-poohed such sentiments The Vietnamese, one foreign corre­ as reflecting "fear and misunderstand­ spondent reported, have .a saying that ing, rather than charity and compas­ "only when the house bums do you see sion," but it is precisely this kind of the 'faces of the rats." racist, xenophobic hysteria that has It made a fitting motto for the final been deliberately whipped up by the act of Washington's long crusade in capitalist class to blame unemploy­ Vietnam: the "humanitarian" evacua­ ment on the so-called illegal aliens. tion of some 120,000 "refugees" fleeing The head of the "refugee" program soon-to-be-liberated Saigon. hastened to explain that most of the At a May 6 news conference, his first Vietnamese speak English already and since the "loss" of Vietnam to the many are professionals. In other Vietnamese, President Ford talked at words, he implied, they're not compar­ length about the need to "welcome" able to impoverished Spanish-speaking those who were trying to "escape the workers looking for nothing more than - probability of death." a day's hard work for a living wage. Who knows? Many may have bright Which refugees? careers ahead as right-wing gangsters The decades of war, to be sure, for the CIA, like their Cuban prede­ spawned refugees by the millions cessors. throughout Indochina. But Ford's Naturally, those reactionary bigots tender concern was not for those made who yell the loudest for deporting homeless by the B-52 raids, nor for "aliens" from Mexico are now piously those maimed by napalm and antiper­ invoking the spirit of the Statue of sonnel bombs, nor for those who Liberty to offer sanctuary to the suffered in the prisons and torture Vietnamese right-wingers. chambers directed by U.S. "interroga­ In the front ranks of the hypocrites tion" experts. is AFlrCIO President George Meany, No, Ford's welcome is for a different who pontificated: "We are a nation of class of "refugees." immigrants. Rejecting them would be "I had been expecting people with denying our heritage and the history of tattered, tom clothing and the marks this country as a haven for the op­ of battle," said a marine watching pressed." them arrive in California, "but you just don't see that." Open_ doors? A New York Times reporter de­ President.Ford declared that he was scribed the "refugees" reaching Flori­ "upset" by opposition to the Vietna· da as "well-dressed and well-educated. mese immigration, "because the_ Unit­ Their attire was basically Western in ed States has had a long tradition of ·style, as were their haircuts and opening its doors to immigrants from coiffures. Many of the teen-agers all countries." stepped to the tarmac ... in modish, But where are the open doors for thick-heeled shoes, wearing wide­ undocumented Mexican workers? bottomed, broad-cuffed trousers or Where are the open doors for Hai· slacks." tians who escaped· the Duvalier dicta­ Those getting off the planes were the torship, only to be imprisoned and wealthy U.S. hangers-on and their threatened with deportation by U.S. families: the high-ranking military immigration agents? officers, secret police, prostitutes, war Double-talk: Ford urges 'open door' for wealthy Vietnamese who collaborated with Where are the open doors for refu­ profiteers, and others of the Saigon U.S. imperialism, demands more deportations of undocumented Mexican workers. gees from military repression in Chile? elite who could bribe their way onto At least 18,000 were massacred there the evacuation. after the CIA-backed rightist coup in One was Hong Van Hoanh: "With a was accompanied by two aides who war of annihiliation against the 1973, but the U.S. refused to grant thriving business, a young wife, a were straining under the weight of "gooks," "dinks," and "slopeheads"; asylum to more than a handful of dozeri children, two large houses, four their attache cases. When the ship's and the anti-"alien" racism based on Chileans and others fleeing the terror. cars and seven servants, he was the security officers took a look into the making foreign-born workers the No, Ford's show of concern for envy of his neighbors and a prince cases, they found them to be loaded scapegoats for unemployment. political refugees is just as phony as among his peers." with gold bars." every White House justification for the And New York Times correspondent 'Gook klux klan' war ever was. Fox Butterfield reported that "dozens High school students in a small Heavy burdens ·of prostitutes . . . were taken out by Florida town where 1,500 Vietnamese Looking for 'bloodbath' Newsweek correspondent Ron Mor­ American contractors and officials were to be temporarily housed talked of Now Ford, who remained silent in eau, aboard a Navy evacuation ship, who listed them as wives or fiancees." organizing a "gook klux klan." the face ofinass slaughter in Chile, is reported on the arrival of a helicopter When their ilk deserted Cuba after The refugees would be Communist desperately casting about for evidence full of "high-ranking generals. One of the revolution they were dubbed gusa­ infiltrators, the students charged. "But of the promised "bloodbath" in Indo­ them, Lt. Gen. Nguyen Van Manh, nos, meaning worms. For the parasites they're not Communists," one argued. china. The best he could come up with and imperialist collaborators leaving "They're coming here because they're was an unsubstantiated report that Vietnam, "rats" is probably as good a running from Communists." "eighty or ninety former Cambodian term as any. "It doesn't matter," was the re­ officials were executed, and their wives The Ford administration wants to sponse. "They're Vietnamese, aren't were executed.'' resettle some 120,000 of them in the they?" Even if the report were true, that United States and has demanded $507' This "yellow peril" mentality is not would amount to fewer deaths than the million for the operation. The usual confmed to, nor does it originate in, My Lai massacre alone. Not to men­ immigration quotas and restrictions backward small towns. In the corridors tion the CIA's infamous "Operation have been waived, and their papers are of Congress, one politician told a Phoenix," which systematically as­ being expedited. reporter, "You hear cracks being made sassinated tens of thousands of "su­ But Ford's plan to offer safe haven ... such as 'They'd make nice book­ spected Viet Cong." · to imperialism's former servants has ends, because they're small.' " provoked a storm of debate in this Some of the opposition feeds on a A different angle on the "bloodbath" _ country. A Gallup poll found that only distorted antiwar sentiment. Just as was given by Daniel Southerland, 36 percent of those questioned favored Ford links a U.S. "commitment" to the reporting from Hong Kong in the May allowing the Vietnamese to stay, while Vietnamese to upholding U.S. military 7 Christian Science Monitor. The U.S. 54 percent said they should be kept out. might around the world, some people embassy's claims of executions, he On the one hand, many Americans reject both together. wrote, "were derived from second-hand recognize these "refugees" for what "Vietnam seems a long way away to sources and were poorly docu­ they are and want nothing to do with me now," said a teacher in Georgia, mented.... them. "These people that have got the "and I don't think we want to be "Many Vietname,e refugees suggest­ dough and have been selling heroin for reminded of it." ed that if there was a 'bloodbath' in the the last ten years, I say no," was the A Detroit man commented, "This early stages of the Communist take­ - reaction of a Los Angeles woman. "I area is overcrowded now, I don't see over, it was carried out by fleeing don't want these people that shoved why we should sacrifice our jobs and Saigon government troops who took women and children off planes." bring in more people. We are not control of several refugee ships and On the other hand, Ford's resettle­ obligated to police the whole world." terrorized the passengers.'' ment plan has also run up against But the predominant objection to Thus, all in all, the imperialists got governmen po es entrenched racist attitudes fostered by admitting the immigrants is that they out of Vietnam much like they went in: propaganda are to blame for outbursts the government itself: both the virulent will "take away American jobs" and with racism, deceit, and limitless hy­ against Vietnamese. anti-Asian racism encouraged by a swell welfare rolls. pocrisy.

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 3 1945-1975: The"•MIIitant· defends By David Frankel When the August 18, 1945, Militant carried a banner headline declaring, "There Is No Peace!" it stood alone. Every other newspaper in the country hailed the allied victory in World War II as Indo-Chinese Battle the dawn of a new age of peace and world harmony. The aggressors had supposedly been defeated. The capitalist press-echoed by the Stalinists and Imperialist Despots Social .Democrats-denied any predatory plans on the part of Washington and the other imperialist Bg Joseph HfUUJ victors. American troops ar For the people of Vietnam, however, even sooner ing used against the Chinese movement for 1 than for most others, it rapidly became clear that pendenee. Sent in b~· the end of World War II did not mean peace at all. they broke up a demor They would have understood very well the Milit­ tion on September 12 namese Nationalists b. ant's warning that Paris fears "that Indo-China nol. They ordered Anr. will fall either into the hands of the Anglo­ leaders to release a1 American imperialist 'liberators,' or, worse still, the local representatives t Indo-Chinese people." French despot.'!. In quent fighting, Amt Both fears were to be eventually realized. In the troops inflllcited cas'L meantime, the Militant began reporting on the among the fighters f1 mass independence movement in Vietnam and the dependence. An Am· attempts of the French to suppress it. officer in turn was Iand others wounded. From that day to this the Militant has established Saigon continues "under an unequaled record as a source of news on the Viet­ tual state of siege, with . mites firing from places ot namese struggle, as an exposer of the imperialist cealment at French, Britlst. lies used to justify the war, as an educator on the Americans," according to nature of the system that produced it, and above all, reports. The "American transport pP.rsonnel was as a campaigner for mass action in behalf of the moned from an airfield t rights of the Vietnamese people. "guard" a hotel held by troops. The Militant helped to encourage the development The American forces are t of the movement against the Vietnam War in the lng In Indo-China, becaus1 are committed," as CBS C United States, it served as an organizer of that pondeut Bill Downs puts movement, and it was a forum in which the major returning the old French ct political debates of the antiwar movement were regune to Indo-Chu.a:• MARTIAL LAW explained and the issues clarjfied. On SP.ntP.mbP.r 20. thP. l Sounding the alarm From the October 6, 1945, Militant When U.S. troops were flown into Hanoi to break up an independence demonstration on September January 4, 1947. left with no choice but to attend the Geneva 12, 1945, the Militant sounded the alarm. An The long and bitter Indochina war was now inrull conference on Vietnam along with Paris, Moscow, editorial in the October 6 issue explained: swing. The Militant wrote: "French imperialism is and Peking. - "Throughout the Far East the masses are throwing everything it has into the suppression of beginning to rise against imperialist domination. the Indo-Chinese struggle for independence: crack Betrayal at Geneva They see no reason to submit once again to foreign troops, including members of Hitler's Army who The crushing military defeat inflicted on the conquerors. They want to choose their own form of have been re<;ruited into the Foreign Legion; air, French armies at Dien Bien Phu in May.1954 was government. . . . Thus, terrible and sanguinary naval and armored forces collected from all. parts of not reflected in the settlement foisted on the Viet­ struggles will wrack these lands if the imperialist the Empire; and first-class fighting equipment, namese at Geneva. As Joseph Hansen explained in powers try-as they surely will-to carry out their most of it lend-lease in origin and American in the July 26, 1954; Militant: plans. manufacture." "Another time bomb, that can set off the chain "It is the duty of the American working class to In May 1950, Washington admitted that it had reaction ending in World War III when it blows up, do its utmost to help these peoples in their fight for made secret agreements to arm and finance the was planted in Indochina July 21. independence. Demand the withdrawal of Allied faltering French forces. "This was the real meaning of the partition of troops from these areas! Bring the soldiers back "Without this American aid," wrote the May 15, Indochina that was agreed to on that day between home!" 1950, Militant, "the French and their native puppets Molotov and Chou En-lai, representing the Soviet The next week, the Militant warned in a front­ would have long ago been driven out of Indo­ bloc, and Mendes-France, representing the Western· page headline, "Allies Prepare Slaughter In China." powers. Java And Indo-China." The article said that The May 11, 1953, Militant warned, "We know "The people of Indochina, who had complete although the French government was seeking a from experience that where U.S. bombs, planes, victory in their hands after seven and a half years truce with the Vietnamese rebels, this was a tanks and guns go, sooner or later American flyers of heroic resistance against the combined weight of maneuver to "trap the nationalist forces into and infantry usually follow." imperial France and Wall Street, were not consulted passivity while the imperialists prepare to suppress In fact, Washington revealed in February 1954 as to their wishes in the matter. They and their the movement for national independence." that military "technicians" had been sent to aid the country were simply laid on the chopping block and This was in fact what happened in Vietnam. A French war effort in Indochina. Two months later, carved up." truce agreement was reached in March 1946, but by then-Vice-president Richard Nixon threatened full Hansen warned, "The artificial division of Indo­ the end of the year, Paris had broken the accords. U.S. intervention in Vietnam in a trial balloon that china, like the division of Korea and of Germany, "French Drive Aims At Crushing Indo-China's provoked such a big public outcry that the govern­ puts a new trouble spot on the map that will invite Fight For Freedom," the Militant reported ment had to repudiate the speech. Washington was continual intervention. "The Indochinese people themselves will continue

' to seek unity, Paris and Washington will both seek Vol. XVIII • No. 8 patch of U.S. armed forces to Korea? U.S. forces in Indo­ to recoup losses and bolster their position in this China, we are told, won't be in combat areas. But, states area. Each new flare-up will threaten to precipitate a Pentagon official quoted in the Feb. 9 N.Y. Daily News, a world-wide conflict." "such areas in Indo-China are very fluid and we don't know." Get Out Whether Eisenhower sends only 600, or 6,000, or 600,000 U.S. military personnel to lndo-CI.:na is not the Kennedy intervenes real issue. If he can send 600 to aid the Indo-China inva­ Hansen's prediction was borne out when Presi­ Of Indo-China I sion, he can send 600,000 or 6,000,000. Isn't that what dent John Kennedy began beefing up the U.S. An Editorial Truman did in Korea and who in Congress spoke against forces in Vietnam and Thailand. By the end of 1961, it? The American people are bitterly opposed to U.S. The war in Indo-China is a naked imperialist aggres­ U.S. troops were ordered into combat areas in military intervention in Indo-China, where the French sion. It began in 1945, immediately after the close of World Vietnam. irvperialists, armed and financed by Wall Street's govern­ Wal' II, when Ho Chi Minh's government, which had oust­ George Lavan wrote in the Militant January 1, ment, have been butchering the Indo-Chinese people for ed the Japanese and French collaborators, was founded. 1962: "Without consulting Congress, without even eight years. Popular opposition to involvement in Indo­ French imperialism, quickly switching its allegiance from China is reflected in the alarm expressed by some Sen­ the Axis to the "democracies," tried to smash this govern­ informing the American people, President Kennedy ators and Congressmen when it was revealed that U.S. ment which the Indo-Chinese people had established. has thrown U.S. troops into the civil war raging in Air Force personnel had been sent secretly into Indo­ ' So strong was the resistance of the independence South Vietnam. China eight months ago and 400 more were on their way. fighters that the French tyrants were forced- to make Eisenhower claims that only "technicians" are aiding "peace"- temporarily. In Paris, March, 1946, the French· "Already American soldiers have been killed and the French despots to bomb and burn the Indo-Chinese go""1·nment signlld a treaty recug.nizlng t.ilc Uo Chi M.iuh wounded. First reported casualty was an unnamed villages and people. But as Senator John C. Stennis cor­ government. In December 1946, the French treacherously enlisted man killed in action on De722. The flag­ rectly pointed out: "If we are going to send men for the broke the treaty and suddenly started to seize the public draped coffin bearing his corpse should soon be purpose of keeping airplanes on the firing line, it is only buildings in the capital city of Hanoi. America is now natural that we send in pilots and trigger men. It is a paying a billion dollars a year to keep this "dirty war" - arriving somewhere in the U.S. This may well be logical next .step." as the French people themselves call it - going. the first in a long series of shipments for burial at Eisenhower assures us he won't take that "logical We want no part of this "dirty war." Tell Eisenhower: home which became such a familiar aspect of next step." But did the American people realize what we Hands off Indo-China. Bring our men back. Not a cent, were getting into when Truman announced the first dis- not a gun, not a man for this brutal aggression. American life during the Korean war." The following week Lavan warned that Kenne­ This front;-page editorial appeared in the February 22, 1954, Militant, when Washington was threatening to bail dy's escalation of the war "was just a small down out faltering French war effort with U.S. troops. payment on bigger troop commitments to come."

4 VIetnam revolution About The Militant's predictions on Vietnam proved a good deal more accurate over the years than those PRIME.MINISTER'S OFFICE of the analysts and "experts" employed . by the DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIET-NAM capitalist government and media. Its message was "I ndependence---F rec(~om-H or phcss" rJr. I;IIA~l-~U0('-1'1UCH. those summed up by staff writer Art Preis in the June 1, Under Seerrtary of Sta tr 1964, issue. Sear Hanoi. Ff'b. I 5. I!Ho "There are no more cheap conquests for imperial­ ( hai•·man. Sod:l.list \\"orkt'r~ Parh· ism," Preis explained. "The days when the ad­ :O.Oc•w York secret vanced capitalist countries could subjugate and llr:tr Sir: WP. w~re deeply mov,ed by your Li'g ti~:non.-:.:·:1;,_,, ;:, exploit underdeveloped peoples with the use of New York in favor of the struggle for Viet-Nam's indepe­ relatively small military forces are long since gone. dence. On behalf of President HO-CHI-MINH and the The American people are once more being taught Government of Viet-Nam's Republic, I convey to you and Nixon your organization our eratitude. this lesson the hard way. . . . ·on the other hand the Viet-Nam's Labor Federation "As more and more of the facts leaK out, the asks me to send you and your organization their warmest greetines and thanks. American people will 'learn that we hav.e been It was the first time American people openly supported dragged into a dirty, bloody, brutal and costly our present fight. We hope through your activities American letters aggression against a people who have been fighting progressive organizations would send us arms, ammunitions The following is reprinted from the News and medicines in order to help us wipe out the French im­ for 20 years for land and freedom." perialism. Analysis section of the May 12 issue of Sincerely yours, Intercontinental Press. Antiwar movement (sicned) P. N. THACH As the American people began to learn the truth This letter of thanks from North Vietnam, printed in Wherl Thieu in his April 21 resignation speech about Vietnam, as Preis predicted they would, they the April 12, 1947, Militant, was in response to blamed "untrustworthy" allies in the White House took to the streets against the war, beginning with demonstration at French consulate in New York on for his downfall, he touched off widespread specula­ the student radicals. The growth of the mass January 25, 1947. tion. What was the "solid pledge" he had received antiwar movement was warmly welcomed by the from Nixon? · Militant. On April 30 at a news conference in New York, "Student Marchers Blazed a Path" was the And after the signing of the 1973 Paris accords, Nguyen Tien Hung, Thieu's former executive headline of a front-page editorial in the April 26, the Militant again insisted, "There will be no assistant, quoted from four lett~rs from Nixon to 1965, Militant. The capitalist media, of course, was peace 'til U.S. gets out of S.E. Asia." Thieu and released copies of two of them. These less than enthusiastic. It did everything in its ppwer letters dispelled the mystery. On at least two to knife the new movement, ignoring it as much as Who was right? occasions in late 1972 and early 1973, Nixon it could and, when that was not possible, running The apologists for capitalism tried to red-bait the secretly promised Thieu that Washington would reports that distorted the movement's character and antiwar movement, to dismiss it as unimportant, or again intervene in Vietnam in a massive way if the lied about its activities. both. On the eve of the first national antiwar North Vietnamese "violated the accords," i.e., The Militant continued to provide news and demonstration in April 1965, the liberal New York defended themselves against Thieu's forays. analysis about tpe war itself, but now it also Post attacked the protest as a "frenzied, one-sided The first letter was dated November 14, 1972, six became the single best source for information on the anti-American show," but the 20,000 demonstrators days before the Paris peace talks were scheduled to activities of the antiwar movement, both in the who turned out and the movement they built resume. At that time Thieu was balking at signing United States and around the world. showed who was "frenzied." any accord. He objected above all to the continued "Join the March on Washington To Protest Commenting on the next national antiwar pro­ presence of North Vietnamese troops in the liberat­ the Vietnam War!" urged the April12, 1965; Mili­ test, in October 1965, New York Times associate ed areas of South Vietnam. tant. "Washington Parley and Mass March To editor James Reston claimed that the antiwar In response1 Nixon wrote a letter to Thieu telling Press Fight Against Vietnam War," was the movement would never "force the American Gov­ him not to worry about this or that point in the November 15, 1965, headline. "Help Bring the ernment to give up the fight" in Vietnam. agreement. According to Thieu, Nixon told him the Troops Home Now-Build the March 25-26 A different view was presented in the November .accords were just "pieces of paper." Here is what Protest!" said the Militant's front page in the 22, 1965, issue of the Militant. "Is it possible for the Nixon put down in writing: March 21, 1966, issue. antiwar movement as such to develop the power ". . . far more important than what we say in the "lnt'l Vietnam Week shows rising antiwar necessary to stop the war?" asked Socialist Workers agreement on this issue [the presence of North Viet­ militancy," declared the November 8, 1968, Mili­ party leader Fred Halstead. He answered: namese troops] is what we do in the event the itant. "A million marched in D.C. and S.F.," "In my opinion the answer is yes. The antiwar enemy renews its aggression. You have my abJJQlute said. the November 28, 1969, issue. movement in this country can be an important assurance that if Hanoi fails to abide by the terms Year after year, issue after issue, the Militant factor, perhaps the crucial factor, in ending the war. of this agreement it is my intention to take swift hammered away at the imperialist war and the It can be that if it maintains clear opposition to the and severe retaliatory action." need to continue the fight against it. When Lyndon administration's war policy, insists on bringing the "Above all," Nixon wrote, "we must bear in mind Johnson announced that he would not run for a G.l.'s home, and if it proceeds to organize the what will really maintain the agreement.... I second term in office and that he would seek to open tremendous potential which has only just begun to repeat my personal assurances to you that the negotiations with North Vietnam, the Militant be tapped." , United States will react very strongly and rapidly replied: "LBJ Stalls and Gls Die-Get Them The Militant never lost sight of this perspective. to any violation of the agreement." Out Now!" Its tireless campaign to defend the Vietnamese Nixon warned, however, that to be able to carry When Nixon presented his so-called plan for revolution was a major factor in the development of out his pledge successfully, "it is essential that I ending the war following the 1972 elections, the Mil­ the mass antiwar movement in the United States. have public support and that your government does itant answered, "Out now, no conditions! Nix­ The victory of the Vietnamese people is our victory not emerge as the obstacle to a peace which on's 'peace plan' a fraud." as well, one that we can share with pride. American public opinion now universally desires." The second letter, dated January 5, 1973, was written shortly after the carpet bombing of North Vietnam, an action designed by Nixon to show the kind of support Thieu could expect if he ran into trouble. Thousands in U.S. Protest Viet War; Nixon repeated in this letter that he could do nothing about the North Vietnamese troops and he warned of the "gravest consequence" if Thieu New York Is Scene of Huge Parade "chose to reject the agreement and split off from the United States.'' (Thieu recalled another warning in his resignation speech: "I also was told my life was threatened. . . .'') THE "Should you decide, as I trust you will," Nixon continued, "to go with us, you have my assurance of continued ·assistance in the post-settlement period MILITANT and that we will respond with full force should the Pubr.shed in the Interest of the Working People settlement be violated by North Vietnam.'' Vol. 30 - No. 14 Monday, April 4. \966 The New York Times account ef Hung's news conference summarized his remarks on the meaning of "full force" as follows: Antiwar Movement "'Full force,' Mr. Hung said, was interpreted by high Saigon officials as meaning actions similar to A Rising Force the heavy bombing of North Vietnam and the mining of Haiphong harbor in May, 1972, and the =:."m"""''''mlltllllllllllllll•m•"'''"'"""'""····· .,, .. ,, An Editorial wu""'''"''"'"''""''""'""'"'"'"''"'"'"""· ''"'"'''· Opponents of U. S. aggression in Vietnam have every reason Christmas bombing." That is, they equated it with to be encouraged by the outcome of the March 25-26 International the most murderous assaults the Pentagon could. Days of Protest. The demonstrations across the country Were bigger and more numerous than the similar ones last October. dish out, perhaps even up to (the use of nuclear The increased size and number of parades, picket lines and weapons. rallies, involving a greater cross-section of the population, reflects the growth in the opposition to the war that has taken place in Confirmation of this came from another well­ the few short months since last October. placed source-conservative columnist William Equaiq eocouracinc ia the fact that the organization of the DOWN FU'TII AVENUE. o.-to of u.s. war 1a Vlela8D mare1ae11 - N- Yerlt'o J'lblo demonstratiODs reflected fairly adequately the detel'mination of Avenue for -.rly three he- Mueh Zl. It wu the b~ saeh wartiDM d~ Ia tM Buckley, one of Nixon's pipelines to the press. lhe ranks of the lllltiwar movement that no one shall be excluded

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 5 MAY17 COUNTDOWN

- CARTER TOURS ST. LOUIS: the ballot at the university asking, by the cops, who followed us around ing tour. So far the tour has taken him Longtime Boston civil rights activist "Should Boston schools be desegregat­ the city. After they followed us around to the West Coast, where at a May 5 Rev. Vernon Carter toured St. Louis ed now?" A yes vote won 2 to 1. for a while we stopped and told them news conference he stated: April 22-23 to build support for the why we were there. They then gave us "In Boston, mob violence is the order May 17 march on Boston for desegre­ DETROIT UNION BACKING: The a tour of Boston taking us to the places of the day. We are calling May 17 gation. Communications Workers of America we wanted to see. When our tour was because we want to say to America Militant correspondent Barbara Local 4002 in Detroit voted last week to completed we talked to them and that the NAACP has no intention of Bowman reports he blasted the racism endorse May 17 and to appropriate recruited eighteen of them." being deterred or delayed in carrying of. the antibusing forces at a well­ funds to send a busload of unionists out the constitutional rights of Black attended news conference. from their local to Boston. FUENTES & DIXON TOURS: The people in the United States." "If they took Andre Jean-Louis [a The Amalgamated Transit Union suspended superintendent of New York Haitian nearly lynched in Boston last Division 26 has also endorsed the City's Community School District One, fall] and said, 'Here, we now got a demonstration and has appropriated Luis Fuentes, spoke to 125 students at HIGH SCHOOL REACH-OUT: nigger. Let's beat him up,' that's not money to send representatives. City College of New York April 17 as SCAR activists in Pittsburgh report antibusing, that is antiracial," Carter May 17 has also been endorsed by part of a tour for New York SCAR. that 7:00 a.m. rousings and generally said. "If, after a stabbing of a white the metropolitan council of the Detroit He related the community-control keeping their noses to the .grindstone student . . . a thousand whites stood AFI.rCIO and the Detroit Federation of struggle in District One in the city's have paid off in high school work. on the outside of the· school and Teachers. Lower East Side to the school desegre­ Teams have been going out in the trapped 132 Black students for that gation struggle in Boston. He urged a mornings leafleting at eight high one stabbed, that shows you how big turnout for May 17. schools there, and now they have a cheap they think Black life is. That is Fuentes has recently spoken at New functioning high school SCAR chap­ not antibr,tsing. That's racism." York University and LaGuardia Com­ ter. ·· Fifty people heard Carter and locally munity College in New York City and Houston SCAR reports that high prominent supporters of May 17 at a at Cornell University in Ithaca, New schoolers have found interest in May community meeting during his tour. York. 17 in Texas too. On May 3 they held a Rev. Sterling Belcher, who participated In Philadelphia, Fuentes spoke in teach-in that drew 100 people and was in the December 14 march on Boston three public schools at the request of reported on a local television station. A for desegregation, said: Aspira, a Puerto Rican group there, Black high schooler from Galveston "You're not dealing With busing as and at Temple University. spoke. an issue. What you're dealing with is Maceo Dixon, a coordinator of Be the first in your school to form a equal education as an issue. I don't NSCAR, also spoke in the Philadel­ SCAR chapter. Get information and care .if a person's school was being phia area and received a good response materials on May 17 from the SCAR held on the sea. If it was, you'd have to from Black college students at Blooms­ national office. Cut out. the coupon use boats to get there. If it was in the burg State College, Haverford College, below and mail it in today! air, you might have to use helicopters and Cheney State College, a predmni­ -Baxter Smith MilitanVGeorge Basley nantly Black college. The student to get there. Busing is not the issue. Luis Fuentes has toured campuses to It's equal education!" government at Cheney is interested in explain link between community-control sending students to Boston for the Carter said the Boston situation is a struggle and desegregation effort. national problem. "I urge all of those demonstration. who love freedom to march in Boston Dixon also spoke on a WCAU radio Support the on May 17. People are pouring into talk show for one hour. Boston for the bicentennial. Boston is BLACK PRESS: When Maceo Dixon, Philadelphia SCAR and the NAACP now the cradle of injustice, the cradle one of the coordinators of NSCAR, built support for May 17 at a tenth­ march on of brutality, and the cradle of educa­ toured Philadelphia recently, the Phi­ anniversary celebration of the desegre­ tional genocide. . . . The travesty of ladelphia Tribune, the largest Black gation. of Girard College, a private prep Boston America's bicentennial is Boston. If we paper there, printed a favorable piece school in a Black neighborhood that on the May 17 action and Dixon's tour. was the scene of a drawn-out conflict. Wear a May 17 button designed cannot be free in Boston, we cannot be for the National Student Coalition free anywhere." "Dixon pointed out that the situati~n Against Racism by "Doonesbury" A speaker from Concerned Parents, in Boston is likely to get more tense, creator Gary Trudeau. Price: $1.00 an organization of Black parents, told though," Len Lear wrote, "because of a SUPPORT GROWS IN MINNESO­ each, 35 cents each for orders of ten the. meeting about the legal challenge court plan to force even more busing TA: A rally to build support in the this fall." Twin Cities for May 17 drew 150 people or more. Also available from the group has launched against St. NSCAR are May 17 posters at $1.25 Louis's segregated public schools. In addition to the Tribune, other on May 3. It was sponsored by the Black papers that have given May 17 Minneapolis and St. Paul NAACPs. per 100 and the Student Mobilizer coverage recently incly.de the San Speakers included the presidents of at $4.00 per 100. All orders must PORTLAND ANTffiACIST CON­ Francisco Sun Reporter, Pittsburgh those NAACP chapters and the execu­ be prepaid. Send to NSCAR, 720 FERENCE: Fifty-five people attended Courier, the Berkeley Metro-Reporter, tive director and president of the Beacon Street, Boston, Massachu­ a conference to plan a solidarity the New York Amsterdam News, and Minneapolis Urban League. Joette setts 02115. demonstration in Portland, Oregon, on Jet magazine. Chancy, a coordinator of NSCAR, also May 17. Speakers at the gathering spoke. August Nimtz, a professor at Enclosed is $ for: NEW ORLEANS FORUM: Members the University of Minnesota, spoke for __button(s) included Ellis Casson, president of the __posters Portland NAACP; Rev. John Jackson, of the Young Socialist Alliance held a the Twin Cities SCAR. __Student Mobilizers president of the Albina Ministerial forum on the Boston demonstration at Recent prominent Twin Cities en­ Name_·______Alliance (a coalition of Black Louisiana State University in New dorsers of May 17 include Black grid churches); Nate Proby, head of United Orleans on April 9 to which 100 people star Allan Page; Earl Craig, head of Address ------­ Minority Workers; Linda Haggs of the showed up, including Ku Klux Klans­ the Black caucus of the Democratic Joan Little Defense Committee; Ollie men. National Committee; and U.S. Rep. City------Bivins, Socialist Workers party candi­ Militant correspondent Agnes Chapa Don Fraser. State ______Zip, ___ date for Boston School Committee; writes, "The college chapter of the Judy Strenahan of Portland Student NAACP helped with defense to make BUTTON SALES: New York SCAR Coalition Against Racism; and a sure that the meeting would not be reported selling $40 worth of buttons in representative of Colegio Cesar Cha­ disrupted. . . . One-third of the people Harlem one recent Saturday. Boston vez. at the forum were Black, the majority SCAR sold $120 worth of buttons at a The Portland demonstration will of whom were members of the ~AACP pro-abortion rally of 1,000 people May assemble at the school administration college chapter." 3. building at 631 N.E. Clackamus at Chapa said the response of people at Marcia Codling, a coordinator of the noon and will then march through the the meeting was good, and some were NSCAR, addressed the rally, linking Black community to Irving Park, interested in setting up a chapter of the racist offensive against school where a rally will be held at 1:00 p.m. SCAR. desegregation to the attacks on wom­ The Klansmen attempted no provo­ en's right to abortion. She got a ~arm cations, but prior to the meeting one response. BUSING REFERENDUM: The said: Tufts University SCAR and the Tufts "A group of us from Louisiana went NAACP TOUR: Rev. Charles Smith Black Student Union recently collected down to Boston to get a firsthand view a national coordinator of the NAACP'~ signatures to place a referendum on of the situation there.. We were greeted May 17 work, is on a national speak- 'Southies' battle demonstrators PL leads march into violent confrontation By Peter Seidman mall. The racists carried the flag of BOSTON-A march organized by ROAR (Restore Our Alienated Rights), the Progressive Labor party to "fight Boston's main antibusing organiza­ racism" provoked a violent confronta­ tion. tion with South Boston racists May 3. When the PL march started off, led Eight persons were arrested and at by the "strike team" dressed in white least ten injured as the PL march, led Challenge T-shirts (Challenge is the by a uniformed "strike team" armed name of PL's newspaper) and wearing with chains and clubs, left the Bayside · orange caps and thick leather belts, Mall area of Columbia Point and chanting "Death to the fascists," the passed by a section of South Boston on ROAR group showered the marchers their way to a rally at Franklin Park. with a hail of rocks and bottles. Police estimated the size of the PL­ Fighting quickly broke out between Ied demonstration at 2,500. Most of the the two groups. demonstrators, many of them Black Eaton, who had gone to the mall and Puerto Rican, arrived at ·the along with Leon Rock, the youth demonstration on buses from New adviser to the Boston NAACP branch, York, New Jersey, and East Coast to discourage people from embarking cities. on such a dangerous march, told the Sharon Eaton, secretary of the Militant that most of the demonstra­ Youth Mfairs Committee of the Boston tors had not been informed of the NAACP, was present at the march character and possible danger of the assembly area. demonstration. March against racism in Boston May 3. Progressive Labor party uniformed 'strike She told the Militant that skirmishes "Many people had brought babies team,' armed with chains and clubs, is at front of march. PL led many unsuspecting between the demonstrators and a and young kids with them," she said. protesters into violent clash with South Boston racists. small group of racists began almost as "The PLPers didn't tell people from soon as PL organizers arrived at the out-of-town what they would be up mall to begin setting up their equip­ against in South Boston." Eaton said such a march on South Boston at the thereby it hurt the desegregation move­ ment and await the arrival of out-of­ that many of the demonstrators told founding conference of NSCAR held ment. town buses. her that they had been offered the trip February 14-16 in Boston. After a "The Black community and its allies According to Eaton, residents in to Boston for the low price of two discussion, PL's proposal was over­ are now mobilizing for a demonstra­ Columbia Point, which has a Black dollars and thought it would be good to whelmingly voted down by the 2,000 tion in support of school desegregation housing project near the mall, asked have an antiracist demonstration. people that attended. on May 17. PLP's May 3 demonstra­ the PLers to leave and assemble their "The May 3 demonstration called by tion will only encourage the racists demonstration elsewhere. Eaton said Eaton, Rock, and a number of PLP," theNSCAR statement said, "did because they will attempt to use this that Columbia Point residents feared Columbia Point residents did convince not help the struggle by Boston's Black confrontation to discourage participa­ that the PL demonstration might some demonstrators not to go on the community for an equal education. tion in the May 17 demonstration. incite attacks on the Black community march. However, PL organizers in­ While many of the demonstrators came "Supporters of desegregation must by racist forces in South Boston, an formed this group of about thirty that to show their opposition to racism in not allow this to happen. We should area notorious for its violent opposi­ they had to join the march because Boston, the organizers of this march redouble our efforts to build massive tion to school desegregation. South they could only pick up their return did a disservice to this cause. participation in May 17. There will be Boston is separated from Columbia bus at Franklin Park. "In Boston, it is the racists who use no disruptions or violent confronta­ Point by a city park. Eaton reported that the racist mobs violence to oppose the law of the land tions on May 17. May 17 will be a Last fall, snipers from South Boston did not restrict their attacks to the that requires equal education for Black peaceful, legal demonstration aimed at drove through Columbia Point and demonstrators, but attacked other students. The desegregation movement making a clear political point: 'Keep fired rifle shots into the housing pro- Black passersby as well. "Some of must mobilize massive support for the the buses rolling! Desegregate the jects. ' them dropped rocks from an overpass demand that the government enforce Boston schools now!' To assure that Eaton said that PL organizers told onto cars carrying Black people on the this law. It must clearly expose the real our message is heard loud and clear, the Columbia Point residents that their Southeast Expressway," she said. perpetrators of violence in Boston-the all permits for the march have been requests to move the assembly area The National Student Coalition foes of desegregation. obtained by the NAACP, and were "detrimental to the struggle" and Against Racism issued a statement "The PLP demonstration, however, hundreds of demonstrators are being "counterrevolutionary." condemning racist violence against was organized in such a way-leading recruited and trained to serve as As the crowd of demonstrators grew, Blacks in Boston and criticizing to numerous arrests and injuries as monitors on the demonstration to so did the number of racists-who strongly the tactics used by PL on the well as attacks on individual Black ensure good order and complete safety gathered on a hill overlooking the march. PL had originally proposed people-as to obscure this fact, and on the march." Teach-in hits racism in Oeveland schools By Mindy Brudno be very powerful and impressive.... districts to keep the schools segregat­ and Judy Riley "I would like to make public here for ed. CLEVELAND-Speakers represen­ the first time my endorsement and Tony Harrington, a Black college ting more than twenty years of wholehearted support for the national student and a coordinator of SCAR struggle for civil rights addressed a March on Boston May 17 called by the here, told the audience what it was like teach-in of 130 people at Cleveland NAACP that you are working so hard attending the public schools. State University April 25. The teach­ to build. The best of luck to you." Carol Banks, the vice-president of in, hosted by the Cleveland Student The sentiment of defending the hard­ the Cleveland National Organization Coalition Against Racism (SCAR), won gains of Blacks was echoed by for Women, linked the racist antibus­ focused on the school desegregation several of the speakers, including Rev. ing movement to recent attacks on fight in Boston and in Cleveland. E. Randall Osburn, national vice­ women's rightJ. She especially empha­ Longtime civil rights fighter Robert president of the Southern Christian sized the need to support Joan Little, a F. Williams, who still faces extradition Leadership Conference; James Stall­ Black woman who is charged with to North Carolina for a trumped-up ings, executive director of the Cleve­ murder for defending herself against 1961 kidnapping charge, said, "I sup­ land NAACP; and Auda Romaine, an rape by a white prison guard. port this movement because I am executive board member of Amalga­ Other speakers at the teach-in in­ opposed to racial discrimination in .any 'The resistance mated Meat Cutters Local 427. Ro­ cluded Cleveland SCAR high school form. And I know that the resistance to busing is resistance to the maine is also a member of the Coali­ coordinators Don Salett and Dean · to busing is not resistance to the advancement of Black people.' tion of Labor Union Women and was Voytovich; Joyce Jefferson from the inconvenience of busing Black stu­ active in the Commit~e to Aid the National Council of Negro Women; dents across town. It is racism; it is ten years old, who were charged with Monroe Defendants, which was set up and Janet Thompson from the Society resistance to the advancement of Black molesting a young white woman. around the frame-up of Williams and for Afro-American Unity at Cleveland people." Rosa Parks, the Black woman who others. State University. Black people, Williams said, "have sparked the historic Montgomery bus Stallings reported on segregation in The teach-in sent messages to the the right to attend any school they boycott in 1955 by refusing to give up Cleveland schools. 'l'he NAACP here North Carolina governor demanding desire. As a Black nationalist, I feel it her seat to a white woman, sent has launched a desegregation suit that that he stop extradition proceedings is also a matter of race pride, and I greetings to the teach-in: is slated to he heard in the fall. against Robert F. Williams, and to hope that my support and my being "It is encouraging to see a revival of Ninety percent of Cleveland's Black Joan Little, suppa,ti.ng her defense here will be a symbol to other Black the civil rights movement when it is students attend all-Black schools, and effort. \ nationalists that we have to support sorely needed, and I hope that young 85 percent of white students attend all­ Bus tickets and further information anything that is going to advance the people here continue to struggle for the white schools. about the May 17 demonstration can cause of Black people." freedom of our people. . . . The mass In the past ten years, new schools be obtained from the Cleveland Williams recalled that the last time demonstrations and boycotts in Mont­ have been constructed, but they have NAACP or SCAR at Room 307, Stu­ he had visited Cleveland was sixteen gomery, Alabama, to end segregation been used to maintain segregation, dent Center Building, Cleveland State years ago to gather support for the on the buses in 1956 and the large Stallings said. He said that the school University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115. defense of two Black youths, eight and numbers of people getting together can board has gerrymandered the school Telephone: (216) 621-4012.

THE MILITANT/MAY 16,.1975 7 Blacks take lead New England students battle cutbacks By Jon Hillson BOSTON-Not since the height of the antiwar movement have New England campuses been so animated with protest. The issue today, though, is not the war in Vietnam or ROTC, but the deepening cutbacks in higher educa­ tion, especially the two-fisted blows against gains won by Black and other minority students during the 1960s. At the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, two weeks of demonstra­ tions and picket lines were capped by a two-d~y moratorium that virtually stopped normal functioning at the 20,000-student campus. Nearly 1,500 students traveled ·100 miles by bus and car for a demonstra­ tion April 30 at the state capitol in Boston. Their ranks were swelled by 500 supporters from other schools, including the University of Massachu­ setts extension in Boston. 'Education Before Profits' The action protested Democratic Gov. Michael Dukakis's plan to cut the state's higher education budget by 10 percent. Signs demanded: "Low-cost, high-quality education for all"; "Duka­ Students rally in Boston April 30 to protest 10 percent cut in higher education budget kis: Cut the Crap, Not the Budget"; "Public Education Before Profits"; and activists with the help of NSCAR. "No Budget Cuts, No Cuts in Human DuBois Institute. A brief sit-in took gain or keep anything." Student leaders from Northeastern Services." place at the college. This spirit of fighting back is charac­ University, Hampshire College, and Meanwhile, protests were sweeping While these struggles continue, stu­ teristic of the University of Massachu- Boston University, along with Black across other campuses in the region: dent leaders at Brown University are . setts struggle as well. Cutbacks and a • Thirty students, most of them organizing a summer of preparation to possible doubling of tuition threaten student union presidents from Bran­ deis and Simmons College, backed the Black, supported by hundreds more, press forward a campaign against thousands of students and potential occupied a building at Brandeis Uni­ cutbacks that scored a significant students. The militancy of the hun­ wave of protest. They also announced versity April 29 to protest the slashing partial victory last month. dreds of new campus activists shows a May 4 planning meeting to further of $60,000 from a program designed for it. student struggles against cutbacks. Black and Latino students. 'Blacks Beat Brown' This was apparent at the April 30 The students defied an April 30 court Time magazine headlined its cover­ demonstration in Boston. One speaker May 17 contingent order to leave the building, and they age of the Black student upsurge at was cheered as she denounced "the The May 4 meeting was attended by ended their occupation on May 5 only this Ivy League school, "Blacks Beat attempt by the government that is run activists from thirteen schools in after the administration agreed to Brown." by big business and the corporations to Massachusetts,' Connecticut, Rhode restore at least part of the funds. As It was right on the mark. On April make working people and students pay Island, and New Hampshire, including they left they were greeted by cheers 21, virtually the entire Black and the cost of its crisis." Black student leaders from Boston from hundreds of students and faculty Latino student population of the cam­ Singing, chanting, and clapping, the College, Brown, and Yale. supporters outside. ' pus mobilized for a massive picket line students cheered another speaker who It projected solidarity picketing from • On April 28, sixty students at outside University Hall, which had blasted cuts in the welfare budget by the Brandeis and University of Massa­ Boston College picketed to protest been occupied by forty students. Their the Democratic party-dominated state chusetts students and endorsed the administration threats against the grievances ranged from financial aid government. perspective of ensuring an anticut­ Black Talent Program, a project cutbacks to the administration's refus­ Virtually all of the speakers-while backs presence in the May 17 march geared to recruit Black students. The al to implement promises made in 1969 stressing the need to organize a broad, for school desegregation. program is staffed and partially run by to increase minority enrollment and united resistance to the cutbacks-also With the school year closing, the Black students. faculty. condemned "a social system that puts current protests have a limited span. • On May 1, student leaders at the Brown had been shaken earlier in profit before human need." But anticutbacks activists believe this University of New Hampshire en­ the month by a week-long student Others emphasized the connection spring is just the beginning. dorsed a march on the state capitol at strike, including actions involving between the anticutback drive and the This is the impression of Mike Concord to protest an $11 million 3,000 of the school's 5,000 students, to fight for women's rights, campu$ child Ponoman, a leader of the Boston budget cut. protest fee hikes and financial aid care, and affirmative action. Young Socialist Alliance who was • On May 2, nearly 500 students slashes. The week after the campus­ elected cochairperson of the University rallied to protest racist mismanage­ wide strike ended, the upsurge of Busing & cutbacks of Massachusetts at Boston student­ ment of the yet-to-be-completed W.E.B. minority students began. It was from Mac Warren, coordinator of the faculty assembly on May 1. the start supported actively by the Boston Student Coalition Against The Boston campus was closing Brown student population Racism, linked the fight for desegrega­ when the statewide cutbacks were Round-the-clock picket lines sur­ tion in Boston to the struggle against announced. Nevertheless, Ponoman rounded University Hall, and several cutbacks. said, Boston students turned out for hundred white students marched in the "Cutbacks hit Blacks first," he said, the April 30 action ~nd began organiz­ driving rain in solidarity with the "which is why they are racist. And ing immediately to "defend our right to Black and Latino students. racist, segregated education keeps an education." In addition to amnesty for their Blacks out of college. That's why "Our first step is a big show of force, actions, the protesters won commit­ NSCAR [National Student Coalition especially on May 17," he said. "We ments to increased enrollment, signifi­ Against Racism] says the struggle for need to continue massive actions, cantly more Black student and faculty equality in education-busing in Bos­ demonstrations, and picket lines to voice in the Afro-American studies ton today-is part of the struggle stand up to the state's attempt to make department, expansion of the depart­ against the slashing of programs and us suffer for their profits." ment, and more Latino and Asian­ risiQg tuition." The momentum across the region American enrollment. Warren urged the students to form a recalls the way one campus set off While certain key demands remain contingent against cutbacks in the another during the 1960s student unmet~such as the allocation of May 17 march on Boston for desegre­ upsurges. But today there is something sufficient financial aid to guarantee gation called by the NAACP. new,· something different. the increased minority enrollment­ Through the initiative of supporters One speaker on April 30 referred to Black student leaders told the Militant of the Boston Student Coalition the big AFirCIO demonstration for that this spring's struggle was a "step Against Racism, Black students from jobs on April 26 in Washington, D.C. forward." Brown, Brandeis, and Boston College "Those were our allies in Washington, attended the April 30 demonstration. those workers," she said, and the 2,000 'Students have to act' The solidarity among the various students cheered. Chris Robinson, a central leader of student struggles was also reflected at Another speaker talked of the "victo­ the fight, said the biggest gain was the Brandeis, where 100 students demon­ ry of the Vietnamese" and lauded the "raising of the consciousness of the strated in support of the Brown stu­ student antiwar movement, to big Militant/Jon whole student body.... Now people dent strike. cheers. \ NSCAR's MAC WARREN: Urges know the [Brown] corporation, the It was also the theme of a widely "We here know that one war is just formation of anticutback contingent in administrators, can't be trusted or covered news conference of student over," she said, "but another struggle May 17 civil rights march on Boston. given faith. Students have to act to leaders on May 2, called by local is just beginning."

8 Blackw~­ rs hear Peter Camejo nt socialist jobs ram By Debby Woodroofe NEW YORK-Black Economic Sur: NEW YORK-More than 500 vival is a Brooklyn-based group that people attended a May Day rally has been fighting for jobs for Black here to celebrate the victory of the workers in the construction industry. national liberation struggle in Viet­ Socialist Workers party presidential nam. candidate Peter Camejo was a guest The May 3 rally, sponsored by the speaker at the group's weekly member­ Socialist, Workers campaign com­ ship meeting on April 24. mittee, was the final event in Peter Moses Harris, the group's founder, Camejo's New York tour. introduced Camejo to the sixty Blacks "What a historic defeat for Ameri­ in attendance by saying, "He's a fine can imperialism and its world brother, and he's been out there for strategy this is!" said Linda Jen­ years spreading the word about how ness, who was the SWP presidential we can change the system and about candidate in 1972. "What a confir­ how the workers can begin to get a mation of the power of the colonial bigger piece of the pie." revolution, and what a victory for Earlier that week, Mayor Abraham all those determined to defeat the Beame had announced the firing of mighty power of American imperial­ almost 4,000 city workers in an at­ ism." tempt "to balance the budget." Speakers, in addition to Camejo Camejo blasted this latest assault on and Jenness, included Willie Mae working people in New York and Reid, SWP vice-presidential candi­ pointed out that the entire discussion date; Norman Oliver, SWP candi­ date for mayor of Boston; Barbara in the media and government on the Militant/A':ldY Rose economic crisis is "a fake discussion, Thornton, who presented greetings Camejo 'addresses May 3 rally in New York couched in mystical terms so the from the Young Socialist Alliance; average American will think there is and Clifton DeBerry, whose 1964 nothing that can be done about it." SWP presidential campaign was a Comite Unitario, the coalition that only one way to go and that is target of FBI harassment. organized recent actions. commemo­ down. I'm sure the SWP '76 cam­ Brazilian composer and guitarist rating· the tenth anniversary of the paign will be but another blow for Beyond human control? Guadencio Thiago De Mello pro­ Dominican revolution. the capitalist·class.'' "They speak about unemployment vided entertainment. "The example of Vietnam should A collection taken at the rally· and inflation," Camejo said, "as if Greetings were brought to the inspire us to go on fighting," Guz­ raised $5,794 for the Camejo-Reid they were beyond human control, like rally by Gabriel Guzman, a leader of man said. "U.S. imperialism has campaign. cold spells or tornadoes. Unemploy­ meht is rising, like the tides. Maybe it will decline. Who knows? "They talk about how the economy is the $37 billion given to the wealthy for that says human needs must come Union College, and the State Universi­ 'sick.' I can get sick. You can get sick. interest on government bonds their" before profit and that the working ty at Albany. But how," Camejo demanded to know, great grandfathers bought." people, who are the vast majority, have Camejo urged the students to take "can an economy get sick? the right to run this country." action against the injustices of capital­ "It's a trick to keep us from seeing Rockefeller has enough! Later in the week, Camejo received ist society. "One hundred and thirty that unemployment and inflation are The audience nodded agreement as an equally warm response at a meeting years ago," he pointed out, "there was human decisions, made by one social Camejo continued, "Our tax money of fifty members of Fight Back, a a small group of people in this country layer-the capitalist ruling class. goes by the billions to these people, group of Black, Puerto Rican, and called the abolitionists. They said, 'In "When they decide where they are and then they tell us there's no money. white construction workers. our epoch, the problem is slavery. We going to invest-or whether to invest We say human needs must come first. Meetings for Camejo were also held have two parties and they are both for at all-that decides whether you or I Rockefeller already has enough mo­ on campuses throughout the area. An slavery. Don't vote for either of them. can get a job. That decides what prices ney!" outdoor rally at Brooklyn College drew Vote for the abolitionists.' we pay. That decides what is going to Camejo closed by urging workers to nearly 300 people, and ninety-seven of "Today, you can go anywhere and be produced and how it's distributed.'' "send a message to the rulers of this them signed up to help promote the ask people who they would have voted Camejo said that a massive, emerg­ country" by voting socialist in 1976. socialist alternative in 1976. for in 1840-the Whigs, the Democrats, ency program of public works to "The biggest error that working or the Abolitionists-and everyone provide millions of jobs is urgently people make," Camejo concluded, "is At Drew University in Madison, says, 'the Abolitionists.' " needed. He proposed paying for such that they don't realize rich people have New Jersey, 100 turned out to hear "One hundred years from now," socially useful programs with the two parties, and we don't even have Camejo-more than had attended Camejo continued, "when you ask money now spent for the military and one. meetings earlier in the month for people who they would have voted for for interest payments to rich bond "How much longer," he. asked, "are Democratic presidential contenders in 1976, people will all say 'the social­ holders. we going to go on strike, picket against Julian Bond and Stuart Udall. ists.' But we don't need people 100 "All you hear about is how our tax the bosses, and then tum around and Several hundred more students years from now! We need them now. money goes to pay for welfare, but vote for them? What we need to do is heard Camejo at New York University, "And just as the abolitionists began government officials don't talk about build a mass movement in this country City College of New York, Rutgers, to fight against all odds, we have to start fighting now, because the prob­ lem of our epoch is whether this country is going to continue to allow a minority to run it on the basis of profit, Campaign literature in Spanish or whether the majority is going to take it and start running it for human The Socialist Workers party candi­ as English. Help distribute it at your Address ------­ need." dates for president and vice-president, workplace, at union meetings, at Dozens of students in the New York Peter Camejo and Willie Mae Reid, are school, and in the Chicano and Puerto City ------area responded to Camejo's call for taking the socialist campaign to Rican communities. It should be read State ______Zip· ____ action by signing up to join the Young Spanish-speaking workers and stu­ by all those looking for a way to Phone ______Socialist Alliance. dents across the country. They are defend themselves against the evils of Dominican action demanding an end to racist deporta­ this system. Business Address------tions of undocumented workers and During the time Camejo was cam­ immediate independence for Puerto Occupation/School/Organization ___ paigning in New York, Dominican ------groups held a series of activities Rico. They support the right of The Bill of Rights for Working Spanish-speaking students to bilin­ commemorating the tenth anniversary People: three cents each; two cents of the constitutionalist uprising in the gual, bicultural education and urge Clip and mail to: Socialist Workers 1976 each for 1,000 or more. support for the farmworkers' organiz­ National Campaign Committee, 14 Charles Dominican Republic, which was bru­ ( ) Please send me one copy free of ing drive. Lane, New York, New York 10014. tally crushed by the U.S. invasion of charge ( ) in Spanish; ( ) in English. Camejo and Reid propose a Bill of Officers of the Socialist Workers 1976 Santo Domingo. ( ) I want to join the Socialist Workers Rights for Working People that in­ National Campaign Committee­ Camejo issued a statement to the party. cludes the right of all workers to a job Chairpersons: Fred Halstead, Ed Heisler, news media urging "everyone who ( ) I endorse the Camejo-Reid ticket as and decent housing and education, and Linda Jenness, Andrew Pulley-Treasurer: believes in the right of the Dominican a positive alternative to the Democrat­ would guarantee the right of Chicanos, Andrea Morell. people to control their own country" to ic and Republican parties. Puerto Ricans, and other 'Oppressed support the activities. ( ) Enclosed is my contribution of minorities to equality and control over A copy of our report is filed with the Federal Camejo particip~d in one of these $ __ to support the Camejo-Reid actions, a march of 500 to honor the their own affairs. campaign. Election Commission and is available for The Bill of Rights for Working purchase from the Federal Election Com­ heroes and martyrs of the 1965 upris­ Name ______People· is available in Spanish as well mission, Washington, D.C. i.ng. He was accompanied by campaign Continued on page 26

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 9 In Our Opinion Let ten

All out May 17 At last Women's place in Israel May 17 marks the twenty-first anniversary of the 1954 Tonight my heart is joyous. I hope In the past, pro-Israeli publicists Supreme Court decision outlawing segregation in education. On yours is also. Vietnam is back in the have been known to argue that Israel's hands of the Vietnamese. When the compulsory military serviee for women May 17, in Boston and other cities across the country, marches news came, my first thought was a shows that women's liberation has · and rallies will be held to press forward the fight for school portion of one of Rev. Martin Luther triumphed there. A more accurate desegregation. These actions, whatever their size, will mark an King's last speeches: Free at last, free picture of women's place in Israeli important stage in the continuing struggle against racist at last, thank God almighty, we are society was given by the reaction of discrimination. free at last! Knesset members of the Orthodox The rulers of this country fear that any advances for Black Choy Low parties, one of which is in the people will spur struggles by the entire working class. They Los Angeles, California governing coalition, to two bills proposing the legalization of abortion. stubbornly resist all efforts to break down inequality in It was argued that this would mean education, housing, and employment. "mass murder of Jews worse than that All of the gains that were won by the civil rights movement Vets on Vietnam committed by Pharaoh who ordered that grew up following the 1954 court ruling are today coming The Vietnam Vet, the twice-monthly only male Jews thrown into the river." under attack. The focus of this racist drive is on beating back newsletter of the Wisconsin Veterans D.F. attempts to desegregate the schools by busing Black students to Union, recently reprinted Baxter New York, New York predominantly white schools. Smith's column "Once again the brass Cities all over the country-from Pasadena, California, to is worried" from the April 11 Militant. That same issue of Vietnam Vet, Brooklyn, New York-have become battlegrounds in this fight. April 21, featured an article titled On Sergei Paradzhanov But the battle right now is raging most fiercely in the city of "Ford and the orphans," which And again it happens as I knew it Boston. pointed out the hypocrisy of President would. In the May 2 Militant a voice There the racists have brazenly mobilized their forces. Lynch Ford's "humanitarian aid" ploys of speaks out in defense of the imprisoned mobs have attacked Blacks who drive down the wrong street. late. The article conCluded, "WVU calls film director Sergei Paradzhanov. Reactionary scum such as the Ku Klux Klan and the Nazis for the immediate end to all US aid to That Paradzhanov's frame-up at the openly organize in the "cradle of liberty." the Thieu regime. This, and only this, hands of the Soviet authorities must be To counter this, antiracist forces must develop a massive will solve the problems that Vietnam protested goes without saying. He is has had to face all of these years. being repressed because he is a movement to demand the desegregation of Boston schools and "The people of Vietnam have a right creative artist and dissident, and also implementation of busing. The May 17 actions, initiated by the to decide their own fate. The only because he spoke for and to the NAACP and supported by the National Student Coalition honorable position that can be taken is national identity of the oppressed Against Racism, will be an important step in achieving the to demand that the US get out. Get Armenian nation. countermobilization necessary to defeat the racists. Out, Now!!" In 1970 I saw his film Color of On the line in Boston are not only the rights of Blacks and Mission accomplished. Pomegranates in Armenia, and I know other oppressed nationalities, but also of women, students, and C.B. the effects it had on the local viewers. Milwaukee, Wisconsin They were dramatically transported all working people. The conviction of Dr. Kenneth Edelin for into a highly imaginative and performing a legal abortion and the disruption of a women's surrealistic world far less familiar rights rally by antibusing hoodlums show that once reactiona­ than to us in the West. They were both ries start an offensive the rights of all the oppressed come under Sour grapes? shocked and excited by their attack. A resolution was recently introduced experience. Intense conversations were The May 17 demonstrations in Boston and other cities will be into the house of representatives of the provoked everywhere. At the same a blow against reactionaries of all stripes. May 17 will be a step state of Tennessee by four time the film was a contribution to the forward for labor, women, and the oppressed nationalities. ultraconservative representatives. It awakening national pride and self­ shows how upset the reactionaries are confidence of an oppressed people. The time to beat back the racists is now-before more school about the victory of the Vietnamese That the Militant is publicizing buses are attacked, before more lynch mobs are organized, liberation forces. It says in part: Paradzhanov's persecution is before more Dr. Edelins are convicted, before more cities become "Whereas, the United States has, in admirable. Your consistent defense of Bostons. effect, turned its back on Vietnam and these struggles is a source of Desegregate the Boston schools! consigned its posterity to life under an inspiration and strength. All out May 17! inevitable Communist Slave State; and Haig Jamgochian Southfield, Michigan "Whereas, there is 'no substitute for victory;' and, "Whereas, the 'cut and run' policy of Free Joan Little the Legislative Branch of the United Jobs rally-1 ''Free Joan Little!" is a cry ringing out all over the country. States government far exceeds the I am writing to applaud your disgrace of the Bay of Pigs fiasco or coverage of the disruption of the April People everywhere, especially in the Black communities, are any other act of the United 26 rally for jobs in Washington, D.C. championing the case of this young Black woman, whose only States; ... Cindy Jaquith's account of the events cii.me was to defend herself {!.-om a rape attack by a white jailer. "Be it resolved by the House of was, I thought, a well-balanced one. Today Little faces first-degree murder charges in North Representatives of the eighty-ninth As one of the thousands who rode - Carolina, a state that is infamous for its persecution and frame­ general assembly of the state of the buses from New York City to the ups of Black people. Tennessee, That the spineless liberals rally and saw what happened there, I If convicted, she faces a mandatory death penalty and will in the Federal government be think it is fair to say that most people join the more than sixty other prisoners on North Carolina's condemned for their failure to push for came away with a feeling that they a complete victory in Vietnam. . . . had accomplished something with this death row. At least half of these victims are Black. "Be it further resolved, That the rally, but also with a certain amount of To halt this injustice, support groups for Little have sprung Communist Party U.S.A. and the frustration that it ended the way it did. up in cities across the· country. Benefits, rallies, and marches Young Socialist Alliance are requested Most workers do not want to sit for have been held by Black churches, community groups, and to convey their appreciation to those hours listening to the empty students. persons." mouthings of Hubert Humphrey or the Prisoners have taken up· collections from their meager wages Copies of the resolution were sent to other windbags and fakers who made to aid her defense. Women's liberation groups have campaigned a list of individuals and organizations up the speakers' list. But the· small "with the assumption that the shoe of minority who disrupted obviously to free her, as have Black newspapers and radio stations. The condemnation will fit the proper foot." violated the wishes of the majority of National Student Coalition Against Racism, which is helping to The list included the Young Socialist workers and unemployed present, who build the May 17 desegregation march in Boston, has joined in Alliance. expressed themselves by walking out. the Little defense effort. - E.J. The unions need a new leadership The Militant's coverage of the Little case has evoked a warm New York, New York and a new direction, but anyone who response among readers, particularly in the Black communities. hopes to provide that direction had The broad interest in this caQlpaign is a sign of the depth of better start by respecting the minds of the rank and file and winning their sentiment against racial abuse, sexual oppression, and the Sales aid support before taking action in their degrading conditions in the prisons. The listing of the paper contents on name. Those who have rallied to Little's defense have already the front page is very advantageous to Clarence MacKay helped win one victory-the moving of her trial to Raleigh, sales. Keep it up. Brooklyn, New York North Carolina. M.M. Through more public meetings,· picket lines, marches, and .Logan, Utah other support activites, thousands of people can be reached with the facts in this case. As Little's trial approaches this summer, such efforts can bring the strongest possible pressure on the courts to throw out this racist frame-up and set Little free.

10 Their Government Cindy Jaquith

Jobs rally-11 'Propping up the monster' I am writing in regard to the disruption of the April 26 rally for jobs WASHINGTON-There are many thin-skinned CIA investigation, spelled this all out in a speech he in Washington, D.C. Those same forces people in Washington since Watergate, but Richard gave several months ago. "Properly done," he ex­ that we have seen seeking to disrupt Helms, CIA-chief-turned-ambassador, has one of the plained, "a congressional inquiry into the activities every mass action we have thinnest skins of all. of these agencies can result in a strengthening of our successfully built in the past decade Helms erupted in rage after coming out of a recent ·law-enforcement and intelligence systems." have now gone from venomous to closed-door hearing before the Rockefeller CIA panel. Church promised that his investigation "will be rabid. He saw CBS news reporter Daniel Schorr and began muted and restrained. I do not intend to presi~e over a Out of their sectarian, elitist, yelling, "Killer Schorr! Killer Schorr!" It was Schorr legislative carnival, an investigative sideshow, or a counterrevolutionary method, they who first exposed that the White House is afraid of television extravaganza." become the ready tools of provocateurs leaks about CIA assassination plots. · He also threw in some get-tough language for would­ · no different from the antibusing forces Another reporter standing nearby tried to ask Helms be Ellsbergs who might slip onto his staff. The only in Boston. For the sake of their if the CIA had ever discussed possible assassination people hired for his investigation, the Idaho Democrat political tantrums, they think nothing attempts. said, will be "individuals of unquestioned loy~alty." of jeopardizing the political "That's like asking me when I stopped beating my Anyone caught leaking CIA secrets "will be fired on development of entire trade-union the spot." layers. wife or you stopped beating your wife," Helms replied These same splinter groups, bitterly. "In government, they are always discussions In a flurry of patriotism, Church ended his speech meanwhile, are unprepared to join in of everything under the 'sun." · with the hopeful prediction that his whitewash will our fight against government "Of assassinations?" asked the reporter. ' "serve the purpose of redeeming the reputation of disruptions of workers' organizations. "Of everything under the sun!" Helms snapped. prestigious agencies which find their honor in uphold­ Those forces who still consider "You didn't answer my question," the reporter ing the law." themselves responsible participants in persisted. The redemption mission has already begun. New the struggle against oppression should "I'm not trying to answer your question!" Helms York Times reporter Nicholas Horrock wrote April16 demand an accounting from their snarled. that the Senate committee has made a series of leaderships in these tendencies of their The Rockefeller "investigation" is supposed to be compromises with the White House over secret complete political bankruptcy and completed by June 6. No one is exactly holding their documents. The deal that was arranged, Horrock prostration before right-wing breath about the outcome. reported, was for the committee to "accept some top provocateurs. · But some placed more faith, at least initially, in the secret material from the White House with deletions of First of all, we must put our own investigations launched by Congress. certain paragraphs, and in other cases ... to limit the house in· order! Now that several months have passed, and these distribution to protect national security.... " Michael O'Mara committees haven't even held a single open meeting, The material includes the report on domestic CIA New York, New York their real purpose is becoming clearer. As columnist spying given to President Ford by William Colby, as Tom Braden wrote in Saturday Review recently, "the well as hundreds of presidential directives, sp~nning investigating committees will prop the monster up." several administrations, to the CIA. Joan Little Braden, who is himself an ex-CIA agent, explained: Which directives is Senator Church trying to cover "Various committees now investigating the agency up? Directives from John Kennedy concerning plots Because I am in South Carolina, I will doubtless find error. They will recommend change, against Fidel Castro's life? Directives from Lyndon am aware of the Joan Little situation they will reshuffle, they will adjust. But they will leave Johnson about disrupting the civil rights movement? in North Carolina and want to pass on Orders from Nixon to infiltrate the antiwar move­ to you a comment. from a recent (April the monster intact.... " 23) article in the Columbia Record. Not only will they leave it intact, but if they can get ment? State Bureau of Investigation Director away with it, they will try to strengthen the CIA and It would be interesting to see the directives to such a Charles Dunn warns that Ms. Little's the other repressive agencies in the United States. "prestigious" agency, which "finds its honor in trial will attract a number of out-of­ Sen. Frank Church (D-Idaho), who heads the Senate upholding the law." state people, including "various militant elements." My hope is that Mr. Dunn's prediction is a correct one. Knowing what I know about North Carolina and By Any Means Necessary South Carolina justice, Ms.· Little has no chance of receiving a fair trial if Baxter Smith those "militant elements" do not become actively involved in her "trial." I sincerely hope Ms. Little gains her complete freedom· from the "racist A 'Jobs Now' weekend elements" in North Carolina. A long "Jobs Now" weekend began early on April26 it was rio accident. A prisoner for your humble columnist when bus number 256, Willie Thompson, who had turned fifty-two the day South Carolina rented by New York's United Federation of Teachers, before and who comes from Yazoo City, Mississippi, pulled out of the Bronx, rolled across the George drives a cab in the capital. That night he gave me a Washington Bridge, and started down the New Jersey lift. Turnpike for the four-hour-plus trip to Washington. "Yeah, I heard they had a big demonstration," he Correction Most of those aboard were UFT members, and the said. "In fact, I got caught up in traffic this afternoon The article in the April 11, 1975, whole bus buzzed with excitement. because of it. issue of the Militant concerning the An affable, fortyish Black woman called Ellie said "That's what we need," he went on, "and maybe tour of Juan Carlos Coral was incor­ she was a paraprofessional at Public School 61 in the that'll make Ford take some time for this country rect in reporting that Coral's speech in Bronx. She was going to the capital to help force the instead of meddlin' in Vietnam. Dallas was cosponsored by Amnesty government to release enough money to keep all the "People need jobs. And that little money he's giving International. The information about Coral's tour paraprofessionals in her district on the job. There back, them tax breaks, is not going to do the job at all. was sent to the Texas office of Am­ hadn't been any layoffs at her schools yet but there And besides jobs it's other things. This city's getting nesty International by the Houston had been some transfers, so she was a little worried. worse." chapter of the U.S. Committee for "Look at all those people," Ellie exclaimed, getting He pointed to a big chunk of metal, the roof of a Justice to Latin American Political off the bus at the rally. Then she fussed with the string house, that had blown off in a hard wind a month ago. Prisoners. This information was then on the paper sign the union had printed to hang The city hadn't come t'> take it away and that was forwarded to a Democratic Socialist around her neck. "$6 Billion for Jobs, Schools NOW!" bad, he said. Organizing Committee representative the sign read. "I don't think that's enough money," "Look at that," he remarked, spitting tobacco juice in Dallas. This was the extent of Ellie said. toward two men across the street. One was making a Amnesty International's involvement. She· saw in the morning paper where the Senate had drug buy. "That goes on all the time and the police Patti Stone just okayed $6 billion for public service jobs for at don't do nothing." Texas Coordinator, most one million people. "And there's eight million Not every out-of-towner left the capital right after Amnesty International unemployed, you said? Humph, that don't include the the demonstration. Some stayed over a day to sight­ Fort Worth, Texas schools. No, I'm afraid that's not enough." see, visit relatives, or just hang out. April 26 was not only the first national union Two men on the Sunday Amtrak back to New York demonstration held in Washington, D.C., against had come down on a union train. They work for the The letters column is an open unemployinent-it was also the biggest mobilization of board of education. forum for all viewpoints on sub­ Blacks since the 25,000-strong African Liberation Day "There was a lot of people there and that was good," jects of general interest to our action in the capital in May 1972. one said, talking around a fat cigar. "Those people readers. Please keep your letters The last-hired-first-fired, the 25 percent-unemployed, who ran on the field, that wasn't no good and it wasn't brief. Where necessary they will the lowest-paid-crummiest-job holders were out in force what most people wanted to do." be abridged. Please indicate if to let the government know something had better be I told him about the slanted newspaper coverage your name may be used or if you done, and. done soon. You couldn't help noticing that that played up the disruption. ·~ell, you can expect prefer that your initials be used Black faces were predominant in the unions that had that," he said with a sour face. "But they know that instead. done the most to tum people out for "Jobs Now," and folks are mad, and they'll be marching again."

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 11 The Great Society Harry Ring

Sounds like an emergency­ daughter-in-law in the stomach. "It als are persons of sacred worth." Patients who sit around an emergency was just a family squabble," the city However, the statement adds, the room complaining, "I've been sitting father responded. "If he did something church sees the practice of homosexu­ here for hours," or, "I want to see a wrong, he gets slapped." Lorenzen, ality as "incompatible with Christian doctor, not a clerk," or, "You wouldn't who operates a mortuary, declined to teaching." treat me this way if I had money," are comment on the charge of kicking his usually just imagining things and are pregnant daughter-in-law. The crusaders-With the general probably sick in the head, according to consumption of coffin nails on the rise, three University of Chicago doctors. It and with sharp increases in smoking may be the result of steroid psychosis, On making do-"A good Scotch by teen-agers, the federal government a drug reaction, they speculated. and a fine dinner complemented with a has cut its budget for education quality wine can go a long way toward against smoking to less than $1 Especially him-Speech writers for easing the distress of not being able to million a year-about what tobacco President Ford say that he likes his afford a new car."-Howard Feldman, firms spend on advertising each day. speeches plain and simple. One ex­ president of Schenley's liquor com­ plained: "He doesn't want people to pany. have to look words up in the diction­ The devil you say-Rev. E.W. ary." Just don't practice or preach it­ Angley warned an Athmta Civic A group of Atlanta-based Methodist Center audience to keep a sharp eye on All in the family-Los Angeles =: ~·· ministers declared against ordination Lucifer. "The spirit of the devil so City Council member Donald Lorenzen 'Y::::1.n_ of homosexuals. They cited a national closely matches the spirit of man," he was charged with hitting his son in the Conrad Methodist statement assuring that said, "that people come to the place head and kicking his pregnant Ex-presidents club of San Clemente "homosexuals no less than heterosexu- where they follow him unaware." La· Lucha Puertorriqueiia Jose Perez Puerto Rico's depression: the human toll Last February I wrote a column in this space on inflation rate twice that in the United States. The sh~ntytowns of shacks made from tin, ''Economic lynching of a nation." It was on the But the income of Puerto Ricans averages one­ cardboard, and plywood are expanding. One, La effects of the current depression on the United third of what people in the United States receive. Perla, is located on the beach beside El Morro States' island colony· of Puerto Rico. Since that Sixty percent of the island's families live below the castle, one of San Juan's most famous tourist time, facts and figures have come out that paint an official U.S. government poverty level. attractions. North American visitors like to climb · even more tragic picture. What this means in human terms is hard to on the fort's walls to take pictures of La Perla. In February I wrote that unemployment in Puerto describe with words. Over the last couple of years I Below, thousands of people live. The shacks are Rico was 16 percent. On April 1, the Puerto Rican have had the opportunity to visit Puerto Rico built on stilts above the beach, separated from each government admitted that unemployment had risen several times, most recently a few weeks ago. The other by two or three feet and a walkway made of to 22 percent. But the real figure is much higher, increasing misery of masses of people is everywhere wood rarely more than one or two feet wide. Many because the official unemployment rate does not to be seen. of the shanties don't have running water or include the "voluntarily idle" or "discouraged"; that electricity. Garbage and human waste are dumped is, workers who have given up looking for jobs Now there are many more children begging for on the sand below, where the tide washes them because there are none available. nickels and dimes out in the streets. For the first away. The stench is awful. Factory closings have become an almost every­ time since I've been visiting the island, I saw There are many other shantytowns like this one day reality in Puerto Rico. Last year, 166 factories children who were crippled begging for alms. -in Puerto Rico, as well as many other indications shut down completely, and the gross national Everywhere you go there are stores boarded up, everywhere of the brutal oppression the three product of the island declined 2.6 percent. Many and more are being forced to close every day. I million people of the island suffer. Despite this, enterprises are cutting back production and laying talked . to one older man who until recently had Puerto Rican government officials in cooperation off workers. The total number of jobs is declining. owned a corner grocery store; now he sells fruits, with their masters in Washington are implementing Prices on the island are higher than those in the candy, soft drinks, and cigarettes from a dirt-floor policies that can only make the situation worse. I'll United States, and Puerto Rico suffers from an hut in front of his house. . write about this in my next column. Women In Revolt Linda Jenness The 'Black Scholar' on Black women In 1787, Blacks in Boston petitioned the Massa- created and could not alter the deep rooted prejudice "Myths About Black Women Workers in Modern chusetts legislature for the right to an equal which sanctioned segregation." America," is also included in the magazine, She education. "The issue was that, although slavery Earlier, in 1833, another woman-abolitionist answers those who claim that Black women have was officially abolished in the state of Massachu- Prudence Crandall-challenged segregation in New better jobs than Black men with a series of setts by its constitution, the right to a decent England by admitting a Black female into her statistics showing that in all job categories Black education was being denied black people," writes school in Canterbury, Connecticut. When the town women earn less than Black men doing the same Earl Smith, a professor at Empire State College in council objected to an integrated school, Crandall work; that the unemployment rate among Black New York City. announced that the school would be exclusively for women. is higher than any other adult category; and In . an article titled "Racism and the Boston Black females. that their median income is the lowest. S.chool Crisis," Smith traces some of the history of Under a law forbidding the "harboring, boarding Nelson cites U.S. Department of Labor figures the fight in Boston by the Black community for an or instruction" of any person of color from out of showing that "75.5 percent of all black working equal education. His article appears in the March state, Crandall· was arrested and convicted. "The women are in the unskilled work categories. 1975 Black Scholar, a special issue on "The Black school was burned to the ground, one black student Whatever slight 'advantage' or 'greater visibility' Woman 1975." was almost given a public whipping, and having might accrue to the black professional woman, it It is both timely and appropriate that an article run out of energy, Miss Crandall was forced to leave only affects a minute segment of black woman- on the Boston school crisis appears in an issue of town," writes Smith. hood." the magazine that focuses on the role of women. Smith traces the 1896 Supreme Court decision Not only are Black and white women playing an establishing "separate but equal" institutions; the In addition, "Black women need more education important role in today's fight for Black rights in 1954, Supreme Court decision outlawing segrega- to get the middle pay jobs than do white women Boston, but they have done so historically. tion; and the contributions of Dr. W.E.B. DuBois, and/or they get less pay... .'' Sarah Roberts and her father, Benjamin, took the Jonathan Kozol, and others. Other articles in the Marc~ 1975 Black Scholar Boston Primary School Committee to court in 1849 "Brothers and Sisters," concludes Smith, "history include "Self-Defense Against Rape: The Joan Little after Sarah had been rejected by the Boston public has repeated itself. Our continued efforts to struggle Case," by Julian Bond; "The Role of Women in the schools four times because she was Black. The court against this blatant racism must be intensified.': Revolution," by Sekou Toure; and "Slave of a ruling in that case set the stage for Jim Crow in An article by Charmeynne Nelson, a member ~f Slave No More: Black Women in Struggle," by Boston when the judge ruled: "The law had not Black Women Organized for Action, entitled Frances Beal.

12 Reed to debate male PartY. Building ·fund anthropologist in LA.· SWP: internationalist By Michael Maggi June. This will bring the total number NEW YORK-Evelyn Reed, feminist, of copies in print to almost 20,000. in program & practice Marxist anthropologist, and author of The April issue of KLIATT, a presti­ Woman's Evolution, will appear with gious publication oriented toward li­ By Barry Sheppard War I. Prof. Walter Goldschmidt at the Uni­ brary selection, especially in. high As the scoreboard printed below Isolated and inheriting a backward versity of California at Los Angeles on school libraries, comments that Wom­ indicates, more than $40,000 has been economy, the new Soviet state suffered Wednesday, May 14, at noon for a two­ an's Evolution "is an outstanding pledged to.the special tax rebate Party the growth of a parasitic bureaucracy. hour debate on her feminist challenge effort to account for many of the Building Fund the Socialist Workers Stalin became the spokesperson for to academic anthropology. discrepancies found in the patterns of party has launched. this new layer and articulated its Goldschmidt is the president-elect of social evolution as delineated by many One reader of the Militant pledged deeply conservative moods and out- the American Anthropological Asso­ traditional anthropologists." KLIATT fifty dollars he will be receiving from look. ciation and a former editor of its concludes by stating, "Woman's Evolu­ his Social Security bonus. He writes: Communist parties around the world journal, the American Anthropologist. tion is stimulating and readable, and "The proposal to put the tax rebate to were transformed. They no longer He is also head of the UCLA depart­ important for anyone interested in the work for socialism is RIGHT ON! Only looked to the world revolution, or to ments of anthropology and sociology. women's movement as well as anthro­ socialism can end capitalist depression revolution in their own countries, but The debate signals a major recogni­ pology." and unemployment once and for all so saw themselves as advance guards for tion among professional anthropolo­ The May 3 issue of Majority Report, that's where the tax rebate will do the Kremlin diplomacy. They became gists that Reed's theories and work a New York-based feminist newspaper most good. pressure groups, seeking an alliance warrant attention. . · with national circulation, carries a "Now many senior citizens have no with a "good" section of the capitalist Although welcomed by feminists and lengthy feature interview with Evelyn tax rebates to contribute because they class in the vain hope that this would their supporters, Reed's work has Reed reporting on the main line of her have had no jobs. But they do have a allow the Soviet Union to develop in disquieted many academic anthropolo­ feminist reexamination of anthropo­ $50 social security bonus coming. So peace. gists. Woman's Evolution challenges logical data and what this means for let's extend an invitation to those Just as the Bolsheviks and others the antievolutionary assumptions cur­ . understanding women's role in prehis­ rently popular in the field and champi­ tory. ons the position that women-through The Los Angeles debate is the next the matriarchal stage of human leg of a five-month tour that has taken development-led the transition from Reed to New York, Boston, Atlanta, animal behavior to human civilization. San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Los Woman's Evolution has proven to be Angeles, San Diego, Chicago, Milwau­ very popular and warmly received. kee, and Pittsburgh. From Los Angeles Publishec_l on March 8, 1975- Reed will travel to Washington to International Women's Day-the book appear in Cheney, Olympia, and Seat­ has already been scheduled for a third tle. paperback and second cloth printing in Throughout the 1975-76 school year Reed will be touring major cities in the United States and Canada. About 3,000 people have attended the lectures so far on Reed's tour. News articles and interviews hav,e appeared in several metropolitan papers includ­ ing the San Francisco Examiner, the Militant/Ron Payne Los Angeles Times, and the Oakland SWP puts principles of working-class internationalism into practice Tribune. A number of radio and television stations have broadcast in­ oldtimers, who can, to add their bit to had resisted the degeneration of the terviews. . this great party building fund. We Second International, the Left Opposi­ Pathfinder Press, the publisher of have never had a better time to build tion in the world Communist move­ Woman's Evolution, is organizing for socialism than RIGHT NOW!" ment fought the degeneration of the Reed's tour and invites inquiries about Expanding the work of the SWP in Third. Although these "Trotskyists" future appearances. Woman's Evolu­ the United States is not the only field were subjected to the greatest cam­ tion may be ordered by mail from of SWP activity. A revolutionary party paign of slander and vilification ever Pathfinder Press, 410 West Street, New in any country, and above all here, launched in history, they upheld the York, New York 10014, or purchased at must be internationalist in its outlook heritage of Bolshevism, founding the any of the bookstores listed in the and practice. Fourth International in 1938. Socialist Directory on page 26. The Internationalism has been the cen­ In this country, the pioneer Trotsky- ' Militant/John Gray tral dividing line between revolution­ ists were expelled from the Communist Evelyn Reed, author of 'Woman's book costs $15 in cloth and $4.95 in paper. ary and reformist currents in the party for believing in the principles of Evolution.' socialist movement. The Second Inter­ working-class internationalism. The national of socialist parties was des­ movement they founded was later to troyed as a revolutionary organization become the Socialist Workers party. when it turned its back on internation­ Although it is barred from member­ al working-class solidarity during ship in the Fourth International by World War I. At that time, the big reactionary legislation, the SWP is in ··Mo. disclosure law suit socialist parties of Europe each sup­ sympathy with its objectives. In keep­ By Barbara Mutnick Missouri voters were told that the act ported "their own" governments in the ing with its fundamental internation­ ST. LOUIS-The Missouri 1976 So­ would clean up and democratize the imperialist slaughter. alist program, the SWP engages in cialist Workers Campaign Committee election campaigns and would expose So you had the spectacle of the many projects that aid the develop­ announced here April 15 that it has Watergate-type payoffs to politicians German Social Democratic party tell­ ment of revolutionary parties around filed a suit challenging the constitu­ by big business. ing German workers to kill French the globe. tionality of the state's new Campaign The result, however, has been to workers, and the French party telling Part of the special Party Building Finance and Disclosure Act. Filed by hamper the ability of the Socialist French workers to kill German work· Fund is going to help the SWP carry the American Civil Liberties Union of Workers campaign committee, and any ers, all in the interests of the capital­ out this central task. Western Missouri in state court in other group independent of the capital­ ists who were fighting over the divi­ Kansas City, the suit demands that the ist parties, to freely participate in the sion of the world's markets. , socialist campaign be exempted from electoral process in Missouri. But not all socialists fell viCtim to Scoreboard disclosing the names and addresses of A Missouri chapter of the Committee this national chauvinism. The Russian Area Goal campaign contributors. The law re­ for Democratic Election Laws has been Bolsheviks, Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Atlanta $3,000 quires such disclosure of any contribuc formed to publicize and gather support Liebknecht in Germany, the left wing Boston 1,865 tor of twenty-five dollars or more to a for the suit. of. the American Socialist party, and Brooklyn 3,700 political campaign. Few of the provisions of this law others denounced the war and "their Chicago 2,500 In demanding exemption, the suit purporting to "clean up" politics are own" governments' participation in it Cleveland 2,000 asserts, "The SWP and its members, known or understood by the public. and called on the workers of the world Detroit 200 supporters, and persons associated or Aside from the disclosure aspect of the to unite and rise up to put an end to the Houston 2,100 identified with it have been subjected law, the act limits "mass collections" madness the warring imperialists had L.A. (Central-East) 1,385 to sweeping and systematic govern­ ·to 3 percent of total funds expended. plunged the world into. L.A. (West Side) 3,000 ment harassment and surveillance for This means that the Socialist Workers Their internationalism was funda­ Lower Manhattan 5,000 a period of nearly thirty years, up to campaign committ.ee, which gathers mental to the Bolsheviks' ability to Milwaukee 820 tand including the present." much of its support from small dona­ lead the Russian working class to Oakland/Berkeley 2,500 The new law was put on the 1974 .tions from working people and stu­ power in the world's first successful Philadelphia 1,000 state ballot by initiative. In the wake dents, could raise no more than· $90 by proletarian revolution. Pittsburgh 900 of the Watergate revelations, it won by "passing the hat" during a campaign After the Russian Revolution, the Portland, Ore. 730 a 2-to-1 margin. The drive was spear­ that spent $3,000. internationalists were able to relaunch St. Louis 1,200 headed by members of Common Cause Plaintiffs in the Socialist Workers the revolutionary socialist internation­ San Diego 425 through the Missouri Committee for suit are Barbara Mutnick, the SWP's al, the Third International. This new San Francisco I 1,400 Honest Elections. 1974 candidate for U.S. Senate; Barba­ international, however, was not able to Twin Cities \ 1,500 This committee is reported to be ra Bowman, 1975,. SWP candidate for overcome the disorientation introduced Upper West Side, N.Y. 3,000 holding a $7,000 "war chest" aside for president of the St. Louis Board of by the betrayal of the Second Interna­ Washington, D.C. 2,200 the purpose of defending the law Aldermen, and Paul Schmidtlein of tional in time to lead to further Total $40,425 against any challenges. Kansas City. revolutionary victories after World

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 13 SWP camQ.a,gn conference S.F. socialist hails victory in Vietnam By Linda Nordquist · .· paign Committee. Heisler had just SAN FRANCISCO-One hundred completed a week-long speaking tour of twenty people attended a Socialist the San Francisco area, where he Workers educational conference held spoke to 250 people on five college here April 18-19. The highlight of the campuses, as well as to meetings of weekend's events was a banquet and Painters Local 4 and of railroad rally Saturday evening in support of workers. In nearby Fresno, an outdoor the Socialist Workers party candidates rally drew 150 people and two televi- in San Francisco. sion stations to hear the socialist Roland Sheppard, SWP candidate campaigner. for mayor of San Francisco, hailed the Twelve people joined the YSA during revolutionary victories in Southeast the week of campaign activities. Asia. The weekend conference also in- "The capitalist class tells working eluded a panel discussion on FBI people that we can't win," Sheppard harassment and disruption programs. said. "But in this week we have Sam Jordan, who was an independent witnessed the defeat of U.S. imperial- Black candidate for mayor of San ism in Cambodia and Vietnam. Francisco in 1963, was among the "The Democrats and Republicans try speakers. to· undercut the power of our ideas by Roland Sheppard, SWP candidate for Recently revealed FBI documents Ed Heisler, spokesperson for 1976 SWP saying, 'These socialist candidates mayor of San Francisco. show that FBI agents sent anonymous campaign, addressed campus and union can't win.' Yet we are in the same red-baiting letters to Jordan calling on meetings in Bay Area. position that the antiwar movement him to "publicly denounce the SWP was in when it began-more and more chairperson of the Young Socialist and completely cut them out of your people have a receptive ear to what we Alliance and a member of Retail campaign." conference, "he was immediately have to say. Clerks Local 1100; Jordan said he vividly recalled transferred from a minimum-security "We may not win the vote this year • Juan Martinez, twenty-one, an letters his supporters received designed prison camp to San Quentin. Both the but we will win more of the American activist in the U.S. Committee for to disrupt his campaign. San Francisco Police Department and people to socialism.'' Justice to Latin American Political "We were just trying to present a the FBI are obviously worried about Sheppard, thirty-three, is a member Prisoners; humane program to the people of San what he might have to say." of Painters Local4 and a delegate from • Jon Olmsted, twenty-five, member Francisco," he said. "Their harass- Clifton DeBerry, SWP presidential his local to the United Labor Action of Service Employees International ment went as far as election day, when candidate in 1964 and himself the Committee. He was active in organiz- Union Local 400; people received phone calls saying, target of a massive FBI harassment ing labor support for major antiwar • Julie Roberts, thirty-four, member 'Don't vote for Jordan, he's not run- campaign, pointed to the likelihood of demonstrations on the West Coast. of the Coalition of Labor Union Wom- ning anymore.'" government involvement in the assass­ Valerie Libby, SWP candidate for en; and Bob Levering, a staff writer for the inations' of Martin Luther King and board of supervisors (San Francisco's • Margery VanDerslice, twenty-one, Bay Guardian, told of uncovering a Malcolm X. city council), chaired the rally and · student activist and leader of the YSA police informer who admitted burglar- DeBerry also explained the growing introduced the full slate of candidates at California State University-San izing and vandalizing the offices of challenges to U.S. imperialist rule­ for the municipal elections. Running Francisco. San Francisco antiwar and political from colonial revolutions to the rise of for board of supervisors on the SWP A featured speaker at the rally was groups. the Black liberation struggle at home­ ticket are: Ed Heisler, a chairperson of the "When the infoi'mer, David Bronson, that prompted the government's use of • Libby, twenty-six, San Francisco Socialist Workers 1976 National Cam- began to talk," Levering told the secret-police tactics. 30,000 Texas teachers rally for school aid By Becky Ellis new taxes.'' Several speakers pointed to the need to several state representatives and sena­ AUSTIN, Tex.-About 30,000 Texas Texas teachers· receive an average put equality into education. tors. teachers gathered in Memorial Stadi­ salary of $8,967, ranking them thirty­ Demetrio Rodriguez, a parent from Supporters of the Socialist Workers um here on April 26 for a rally seventh in the country. Jewell Howard, San Antonio, was among the suppor­ party campaign distributed 3,000 cop­ sponsored by the Texas State Teachers president of TSTA, brought the crowd ters at the rally. He is a leader in the ies of the "Bill of Rights for Working Association. It was the first time to its feet when she said teachers need fight against the inherent inequality of People" to participants at the rally. A teachers from every comer of the state a "fair salary so we won't have to school funding based on local property statement of support for the rally by · had come together to demand more resort to food stamps and moonlight­ taxes. Rodriguez pledged his full sup­ Pedro Vasquez, SWP candidate for money for education. ing." port to the demands of teachers. mayor of Houston, and Dan Fein, SWP "Where is Briscoe? Where is Bris­ Although Texas is one of the wealth­ A resolution from the University of candidate for Houston school board, coe?" was the chant as the rally began. iest states in the country, it ranks very Texas student senate was read at the was also distributed. In spite of harass­ Governor Dolph Briscoe, who opposes low in the amount of money spent on rally. It gave its support to TSTA's ment by police, campaign supporters the teachers' demand for a $10,000 education. Several speakers called for "request for a living wage." were able to sell about 150 copies of the starting salary, had ignored TSTA's taxing the corporations and large Militant. invitation to attend the rally. landowners in order to provide the Other speakers at the rally included Members of the Coalition of Labor Briscoe claims that the teachers' needed funds for education. This re­ several teachers, two school board Union Women attended the rally as demands will require new taxes for the ceived overwhelming approval from members, a representative from the did members .of the Student Coalition people of Texas. In response, Larry the crowd. Texas Parent-Teacher Association, the Against Racism. SCAR activists distri­ Yawn, TSTA president-elect, said, "We The proposal for a bilingual educa­ newly elected president of the Texas buted thousands of leaflets publicizing can't afford a government which sees tional system in Texas was also met Student Education Association, the the May 17 national march on Boston education as something that causes with a great deal of enthusiasm. Texas commissioner of education, and to support school desegregation. AFSCME unit endorses Por los Ninos slate By Cliff Conner statement of Luis Fuentes, suspended "He can neither dispers~.nor pacify the NEW YORK-The Por los Niiios/ superintendent of District One. diverse elements in the district that Save the Children campaign to elect a On April 24, columnist James have long resisted and resented the pro-community-control school board in Wechsler, discussing District Council UFT's power-plays .... To one who New York City's Community School 37's plans to support the Por los has followed events in District I closely District One moved into high gear as Niiios slate, wrote in the New York for several years, it seems clearer than the May 6 election day approached. Post: "Gotbaum's visible presence will ever that this is a war Shanker cannot On April 29, Victor Gotbaum, execu­ not only help offset the material win, whatever happens on May 6.'' tive director of American Federation of advantages UFT [United Federation of State, County and Municipal Employ­ Teachers] provides for its slate. It The city's board of elections, made ees District Council 37, announced his should significantly defuse the spuri­ up of Democratic and Republican union's official endo~sement of the Por ous cry of 'anti-Semitism' that Shank­ patronage appointees, treats the non­ los Niiios slate at a news conferenc!!. er's forces have so fiercely exploited partisan community school board among Jewish residents in the district elections with thinly veiled contempt Gotbaum's announcement received in the past pampaigns. In these climac­ and drags its feet on counting the wide media coverage. An April 30 tic pre-election days, it will be hard for votes. In this electronic age where tens front-page headline in one of the UFT spokesmen to picture Vic Got­ of millions of votes across an entire country's largest-circulation Spanish­ baum, one of the city's most respected continent can be tabulated in a few language newspapers, El Diario, read: Jewish union leaders, as an ally of hours, New York City will not begin "Lider Obrero Apoya Candidatos Pro bigots.'' MilitanVHoward Petrick . counting the school boatd votes until Fuentes" (Workers' Leader Supports Wechsler's column portrayed the AFSCME's GOTBAUM: Refutes charge two days after the election. The returns Pro-Fuentes Candidates). The Por los District One struggle as "Shanker's that pro-community-control candidates will be reported in the next week's Niiios candidates support . the rein- Vietnam," and drew this conclusion: are 'antiunion.' Militant.

14 Feminists & Black leaders speak Boston march supports Edelin, abortion· rights By Ann Teesdale Racism, pointed to the connection BOSTON-Hundreds of spirited between the anti-abortion forces and demonstrators marched to the Massa­ the racists who are trying to prevent chusetts statehouse in Boston on May desegregation of the Boston schools. 3 chanting "Defend Dr. Edelin, defend She urged those at the rally to join the abortion rights," and "Not the church, Black ·community on May 17 in the not the state, women must decide our demonstration called by the NAACP fate!" in support of desegregation of the The action was called to protest the Boston schools. . conviction of Dr. Kenneth Edelin, a. "The vengeance with which the jury Black physician accused of man­ shouted its verdict," said Pearl Shel­ slaughter for performing a legal abor­ ton, speaking for Thomas Atkins, tion on a young Black woman. The president of the Boston NAACP, demonstration and rally culminated a "shows this was no less than legisla­ week of abortion-rights activities or­ tive lynching. I detect a strange ganized by the Coalition to Defend coincidence between those who cry out Abortion Rights (CDAR). for Dr. Edelin's blood on one hand and The rally swelled in size to more those who have been defying the than 1,000 to hear the speeches of well­ federal court on desegregation on the known feminist and civil rights lead- other." ers. Florence Luscomb, an outspoken "When women were · coming into fighter for women's rights since 1892, hospitals in septic shock, with perfor­ hit the same theme when she told the ated wombs, and disemboweled by crowd: "The most violent opponents of Militant/Jon Hillson incompetent butchers, they made no our cause call themselves ROAR. You May 3 demonstration culminated week of activities organized by Coalition to Defend fuss about abortion," Dr. Barbara know what that means? R­ Abortion Rights. Roberts told the crowd. "Only when reactionaries, 0-opposing, A-all,· R­ abortions were safe and legal did the reforms. Reactionaries Opposing All outcry begin. . . . And they wonder Reforms." Other speakers at the rally included the Black community are one and the why the hand that once rocked the ROAR, the racist, antibusing organi- State Rep. Elaine Noble; poet Karen same. Women and Blacks can and will cradle is now clenched in a fist!;, . zation in Boston, broke up a rally for Lindsey; .Vilma DiBiase from the present a united defense of our rights. "The trial of Dr. Kenneth Edelin," the Equal Rights Amendment at Fan­ Crittenden-Hastings House, an abor­ We can and will stand together and, continued Roberts, a surgeon at Peter euil Hall on April 9 and threatened the tion clinic; and Lisa Ulry from CDAR. fight together." Bent Brigham hospital, "must be seen same for any future women's rights Greetings were read from Dr. Edelin; Other activities in Boston during in the context of a nationwide ~am­ gatherings. U.S. Rep. Bella Abzug; and Willie Mae abortion-action week included a meet­ paign being waged against the right of The May 3 abortion-rights rally, Reid, the Socialist Workers party ing of Black and other minority women to abortion. Millions of dollars · however, took place with no disrup­ candidate for vice-president of the women to. discuss their fight for have been spent lobbying to outlaw tions. This was due in part to the United States. abortion rights. This meeting was abortions. Clinics have been harassed. campaign by the organizers of the "It is no accident," said Reid's addressed by Dr. Edelin, who told What is at stake in this trial is not the rally to gather statements from many message, "that the assault on women's those present, "You are not defending fate of one outstanding physician but individuals and organizations de­ rights is being spearheaded here in me. You are defending a woman's right the fates of thousands of women who, manding that the city provide protec­ Boston, because it is here in Boston to choose, and don't forget that." for whatever reason, seek second­ tion for the demonstration. CDAR that reactionary forces have mobilized A morning seminar on April 30 to trimester abortions." activists also organized well-planned against the rights of Black students to discuss the special problems faced by Marcia Codling, a coordinator of the and visible marshaling of the demon­ go to school. It is clear that the high school women was attended by National Student C.o~lition Against strl!-tion. enem!es of women and the enemies of 125 people. Protest FBI srw.ing N.Y. rally for Bill of Rights set for May 28 By Sandra Shapiro party and the Young Socialist Alliance and he has handled a long list of other ------, Julian Bond, Leonard Boudin, and to halt illegal government surveillance major civil liberties cases. Anne Braden head the broad list of and harassment. Anne Braden has long fought for Order your speakers scheduled for an "FBI vs. the Julian Bond, a member of the civil rights in the South. She and her Bill of Rights" rally set for May 28 in Georgia legislature, was a founder of husband, Carl Braden, who recently tickets now New York City. Called to protest the Student Nonviolent Coordinating died, first gained national prominence Plan now to attend the May 28 recently exposed FBI attacks on the Committee, which was one of the in 1954 when they were charged with rally sponsored by the Political civil rights, antiwar, labor, and social­ organizations in the forefront of the attempting to overthrow the govern­ Rights Defense Fund and the Na­ ist movements, the rally is cosponsored struggle against segregation in the ment of Kentucky after selling their tional Emergency Civil Liberties by the National Emergency Civil South in the 1960s. The NECLC home in an all-white section of Louis­ Committee. Rally speakers will host Liberties Committee and the Political defended Bond against an attempt by ville to a Black family. a reception preceding· the program. Rights Defense Fund. The event will be racist legislators to deny him his seat Mary Jo Cook, who has been in the A ten-dollar ticket for both the held at 8 p.m. in the Community in the Georgia House of Representa­ news recently, will also speak. Last reception and the rally is available. Church of New York at Park Avenue tives when he was first elected in 1966. month Cook came forward to reveal Both events are at the Community and Thirty-fifth Street. Leonard Boudin, the country's fore­ that the FBI had recruited her to spy Church, located at Park Avenue and Since it was founded in 1951, the most constitutional attorney, is repres­ on the Attica Brothers defense commit­ Thirty-fifth Street in New York. The NECLC has sponsored many import­ enting the SWP and YSA in their case. tee. She denounced the FBI's violation reception is set for 7 p.m. and the ant civil liberties cases. The PRDF is Boudin successfully defended Daniel of constitutional rights. rally for 8 p.m. All proceeds go to gathering support and raising funds· Ellsberg against charges growing out A highlight of the rally will be the the NECLC and the PRDF. for a suit filed by the Socialist Workers of the release of the Pentagon papers, appearance of two of the more well­ known victims of the FBI's Cointelpro Enclosed------is $ for ("Counterintelligence Program") oper­ ticket(s). ($10 for recep­ ation. Rev. Muhammad Kenyatta ob­ tion and rally, $1.50 for the rally tained files showing that the FBI had alone.) sent him an "anonymous" death Enclosed is a contribution of threat while he was active in the civil $ ____ to help the NECLC and rights movement in Mississippi. So­ the PRDF. cialist professor Morris Starsky was __ Please send me information the victim of an FBI poison-pen letter about the projects of the NECLC plot designe~ to get him fired. He was and the PRDF. subsequently dismissed from teaching positions at universities in Arizona Name ______and California. Other speakers will include Henry Address ______Foner, president of the Joint Board, Fur, Leather and Machine Workers; City/state/zip ______Kathy Kelly, president of the National Student Association; and Paul Mayer Militant/Jon Flanders Clip and mail to\PRDF, Box 649 of the National Alliance Against Cooper Station, New York, New Rev. Muhammad Kenyatta (left) and civil liberties attorney Leonard Boudin will be Racist and Political Repression, which York 10003. among speakers at May 28 rally in New York. recently endorsed the PRDF suit.

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 15 get rid of me, partly because other CP segregation. DeBerry threw himself members on the executive board were into building the Woolworth boycott in retained." Brooklyn. The Cointelpro Papers The country was in the grip of the In the early 1960s a Black national­ McCarthyite witch-hunt, and years ist mood was becoming visible in the before the incidents documented in the ghettos of the North, and no one better Cointelpro papers, DeBerry became articulated this new consCiousness (Part 7) familiar with the way the FBI oper­ than Malcolm X, ates. "I would get a job, and it. would "We began to make contact with only last three days. I would go from Malcolm when he was still the main one job to another, and it would be the spokesman for the Nation of Islam," The FBI and same story. The FBI would visit my DeBerry said. "In late 1963 I went on a boss, and I would be fired." speaking tour. Malcolm was touring at DeBerry finally managed to hang on the same time, and I would go to see to a job when a stubborn employer him whenever I could." refused to fire him. Nonetheless, he It was during a tour stop in Chicago Clifton DeBerry was told that FBI agents continued to that the FBI arranged to have DeBerry come . around every three or four days arrested in order to create a scandal to "check up" on him. DeBerry eventu­ they hoped to use to discredit him. Just ally got into painting, and he remains as DeBerry was about to address a By Nelson Blackstock there. Even before running into the a painter by trade. , socialist meeting, the Chicago police (This is the second half of an SWP, DeBerry had already developed a In 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court stormed into the building, hauled him account of the FBI's attack on Clifton number of political differences with the handed down its historic decision on to the station, and booked him on DeBerry.) CP. school desegregation. Soon the country charges of nonsupport of his ex-wife. When Clifton DeBerry arrived back Nevertheless, DeBerry remained would witness a new Black civil rights ,There are many censored passages in Chicago in 1950, one of the first chairperson of the shop-steward body, movement and the opening stages of a throughout the Cointelpro papers, but things he intended to do was to look up which had more than 100 members. new radicalization. At this time the there are entire pages concerning this the Socialist Workers -party. For sever­ As DeBerry moved closer to the SWP al years he had belonged to the and began to raise political questions Communist party, and he had just with the Stalinist leadership of the returned from the founding convention Communist party, the pressure on him of the National Negro Labor Council mounted. The CP began to bring in in Cincinnati, where he had opposed "specialists" who tried to persuade the CP's attempt to derail the emerg­ DeBerry politically of the error of his ing Black caucus movement in the ways. When that failed, the CP tried unions. other methods. DeBerry was approaching an import­ "I ran into a couple of dudes from ant turning point in his life. He would the neighborhood hanging around the soon join-the SWP. In 1964 he would be gates in front of the plant," DeBerry the party's -·candidate for president of recalled in a recent interview. "I the United States and would become a happened to ask them what they were prime target of the FBI's Cointelpro up to, and they told me they were there ("Counterintelligence Program") oper­ to 'educate' somebody. Mter a little ation. probing I discovered they were being The recent court-ordered release of paid to 'educate' me. · secret files concerning the FBI's at­ "I convinced them that they should tempt. to wreck the SWP and its collect the money from the people who election campaigns publicly exposed had put them up to this but there was the FBI's conspiracy against DeBerry. no need to do the job." In an attempt to discredit his cam­ Not long after this things came to a paign, this country's political police head. There was an impending strike, sought to use the record of DeBerry's which the CP was desperately trying arrests for "labor trouble" during the to avert. The stewards' body voted to trade-union· battles of the 1940s. go out, and since the CP-controlled Clifton DeBerry marching in antiwar demonstration while candidate for president in Sensing that these arrests might do leadership had made no provisions for 1964. Lyndon Johnson was hailed as a peace candidate, but soon after elections, little to discredit him in the eyes of a strike, the stewards were forced to escalation in war began. many working people, the FBI assume organizational responsibility. engineered a new arrest of DeBerry in But the combination of a demoraliz­ 1963. What the Cointelpro papers ing scandal over the CP's misuse of central arena of DeBerry's political operation that were totally blank when reveal about this will be explained union funds, a House Un-American activity shifted from the trade-union they were turned over to the SWP by later. Activities Committee visit to Chicago movement to another arena of the the FBI. These blank pages obviously to red-bait the union, and a well­ class struggle. detailed the maneuvers the FBI en­ International Harvester organized strikebreaking effort led to DeBerry was active in the Chicago gaged in to engineer DeBerry's arrest. DeBerry belonged to the CP unit at the defeat of the strike. chapter of the NAACP and in the The FBI followed up this arrest by the International Harvester plant "Mter we went back I was fired," Washington Park Foru~, a Black devoting enormous attention to trying where he worked in Chicago. The CP DeBerry said. "I've always thou,ght the community organization. In 1955, to get the news media to report both led the United Electrical Workers local CP and the company got together to news of the lynching of Emmett Till, a this incident and DeBerry's earlier Black youth from Chicago, jolted the arrests for "labor trouble." Black community. Till was murdered On January 7, 1964, the National by racists while visiting relatives in Committee of the Socialist Workers Mississippi. DeB~rry was instrumental party announced the nomination of in organizing a mass meeting to DeBerry as the SWP's candidate for protest the lynching. president. The 1955-56 Montgomery, Alabama, Lyndon Johnson was running for bus boycott to end segregation on the reelection, and he was opposed by buses signaled the beginning of the Barry Goldwater. Johnson cam­ civil rights movement. In Chicago, paigned as a "peace candidate" who DeBerry organized a Station-Wagons­ was opposed to escalating the war, to-Montgomery Committee, which while Goldwater favored increased raised funds to purchase vehicles for bombing. Most Americans took John­ use by boycotters. son's peace rhetoric for good coin, and DeBerry personally delivered one of he won a landslide victory. the station wagons to Montgomery, Virtually the entire Left supported where he stayed at the home of E.D. Johnson's candidacy. Among the most Nixon. Like DeBerry, Nixon was a enthusiastic backers of the Democratic veteran of the union movement who candidate were the members of the CP, brought his organizational and politi­ whose attitude was summed up in the cal know-how to the new Black civil title of a pamphlet by Gus Hall: The rights struggle. Nixon was actually the Eleventh Hour-Defeat The New Fas­ central organizer of the boycott. cist Threat! "I talked with Nixon about the The SWP, in contrast, clearly nailed boycott movement, how it originated, Johnson as the imperialist warrior he how it functioned, and what they was. Tlie historical record now shows expected to gain," DeBerry recalled. how right the SWP was. "For the first time I met Dr. Martin Luther King, who had been persuaded Gulf of Tonkin to enter the fight by Nixon." The Gulf of Tonkin incident occurred In 1960 DeBerry moved to New York. in August 1964. A supposed Vietna­ That same year a sit-in movement to mese attack on U.S. ships off the coast desegregate public accommodations of North Vietnam provided the excuse began in the South. Supporters of the for rushing a special resolution desegregation fight organized a boy­ through Congress. It was urider the Montgomery, Alabama, Blacks walk to work du ng bus. boycott. DeBerry cott of the Woolworth chain in cities authority of the Gulf of Tonkin resolu­ organized Station-Wagons-to-Montgomery Committee in Chicago to aid boycotters outside the South in a successful tion that Johnson and the subsequent in their fight to end segregation on buses. attempt to bring added pressure to end presidents committed the United

16 States to a massive military interven­ tion in Vietnam. The Cointelpro Papers DeBerry charged that the whole thing had been .set up by the White House and the Pentagon. "The inci­ ., , i dents between the U.S. destroyer and Jill l:ii, n J"(l', t ( :.j· ~· u L :r D I ,.

the PT boats were the pretext, not the Dote: l2/l9/G3 cause, of the U.S. air attack," DeBerry 1·o., Dlm~CTDn, FflT. ( T~ansmlt the foH~wln: ID ------;;..,:-....~-lli-Ci·&·;;;;;..-,.;· ·a;-aictli;i"iaii- ..;;------·t said at the time. Several years later' the l'ROM SAC, CilJCAGO ~ ...... Pentagon papers would prove that he j Vto AIR1'EL •. 0 -~ 0 .,.. 'M~ -- 0000•~ •0 0 .. -~-~ -----~..=.-x~~------1 was totally correct. ·~ SUIIjl::(.:T: SOCJ./.l..J!n' \'iO!UQ.ms PAHTY IS .. nm "We of the Socialist Workers party D.E:]~.n.··-.( J0~.-P~QC.,il!,il .... say get all the troops, planes, and warships out of Vietnam-North and Uc l"('F~·rt of BA. nAL~)li D. HAnJ·10N' at Chicago dated SUBJOCT: SOCIALIST WOi.K!:RS PAR'l'Y 11/10/Ga, cnptin:JCd, "Cl,JFTO;l s. DJ~ Bm\il.'"i, aka, SU - SWP." • IS - Sl'iP South," DeBerry demanded. "If as DISRUP'"J'ION P!tCG!':.I.JrJ ...... _ ·The ll/1S/G3 issuq of "ThcJfilit:mt," page ci(!ht, Johnson claims their purpose is to column thrcC', l' :~::ricd ?.n ni·ticle cnt i tlcQ., . "Ncr,-ro Socialist JtcBuairtel. 12/17/63. / Opens j'{atio:'l:J.l ~:·::- ... ·n!:.in~ Tour." In su;.;,::t:\ry, this article /1 A ·1 • 'protect democracy,' then send them to states that CJ .. L"~·0H r.:r:: D~Tliti, Socialict Horkcrs Party candid at~ On 12/G/63, CLIF'rO~f DE D:-:!r.Y was arrested at for r,1·oo!~lyn Co~:.!~cilman-at-l!trGc, has begun a coast-to-co:~.st Chicago on a nOI!-SuppoF~<.::;:a·~:G:C-?.ild placed on ~1, 000 Mississippi and let them do some rspcakin[:. tOUl'. In the eleCtion l~Gt \'!eel: -~;hich drew few pr-:oplG bond. n::: DI:RRY's bcarin.:; v:as scheduled for 12/9/GZ. to the polls rc J_~J:mtY received 3,51·1 votes. Af't.er A rcnsonable ticc Chicaso will ascertain disposition protecting of Black Americans there." of this case through established sou1•ccs. While the FBI was secretly plotting ...:. ·. · · ...... ~· .--~---"::~··. ··::.·~·~:~~.~:_····::-;;~~·~Y'::~ at the . 1/17/G:i Chic~,f<·,: ·:::~neil, ·f::oei~}-.ist ·\c'orl~crs Party ·(.CDSid'), Cleating against the Black presidential candi­ it was nnHOUll::,··\~ t;~nt, in com'h!ction with a/nation:'ll tour, DE BE~e~Y 'l':ou1c~ v:l!;it ChiC:lr!O fro:a 1!?/4 to 12/7/63._ It was stated date, he was publicly blasting the FBI. that during th:i.::. ~:iwe DB ILi~J.Y \;·ould sp-octl:: at Wilson JuniOr After the disappearance of three· civil College, 1:ort:~·.;.;~tCi."n U!li\'(,Ol'Si~y, 1looscvclt vn'iversi:ty nnd ?.t Navy Pier {Un:~\·o:~J"sity o:f Illinois) 0:1 1?/•l/63. DE m;nnY was to rights workers slain by racists in attend a !.Iili tn~-:. ... Labor j•'oru:11 on 12/0/03 and a social -was to be· held in .his honc..r on 1~~7/63. • · Mississippi, DeBerry exposed-the com­ plicity of the FBI. .. •. ·'"::·:-~.=;:~::::::·''·'·:·~ ... ~...... ~1-. ·. .:.·- Local cops, who were involved in the t.;.· murders, had held the three in jail before they were killed. "While the three kidnapped youths were in jail in Philadelphia, Mississippi, their co­ workers became fearful for their safety, and telephoned the FBI in Jackson. The FBI agent . . . refused to help and told the rights fighters that he wouldn't have any more dealings with them," DeBerry said. 2 In July 1964 a group of major civil rights leaders, including Roy Wilkins .. 0/l~/G1 and Martin Luther King, issued a call !UC, llcw· YorJ:; (-·-::--.~:::: c-·· ... · 5/7/GS . for a "moratorium" on civil rights . ~:.?--···· ...... _, . ,.. ,. ...., Dil·cctoi~·~- ~-.:..~:1 ~. ··--~-··--. _ .. ~ .. ~r.) Director 1 • ~~ •··"'-.:_.,.,•~ -~-;:....~·~ .... demonstrations until after election •. . ,. .t:::::.~ "'-...... , ... ..,;-Y-~.. day. The purpose was to make it easier · :;r..ci ..\!~rGT t~\1:--::~~:-~:; I'.~r.w .:... SC1Cti1L!:::T \~C~~~S PAnTY for Johnson to hold on to the racist I:;;.':.::~;.:.r.. :::.:::r:'!:-.:~~.. .1~-Cii:?. x:;-;.-::'.!:.t1L · ~::c1.•~:IT"l - sr.? n=:.:;~·.t.;::~','~o:• r-;.:clc ·i::~!l·~ -~~;.:oc:.::;~, t:!ia n~:::i~:.!.::;.:.nl co~t~ct 1nfol'JJ:Jtion. '.L·;;,~rcfc:ir.·c, ~:o it.tl·t::~·r ci'fo::.:•t ,·.rill t~ r::.:Jc!o to obtain tho :~::::o::..~~.:a·i::::.c:!. :·.~~:: ::.::.:..::;:::~:~c~!tly i;o ~:':::c~. ·~:c:;. c::c:.;lU a rolc:~:sc of th.i:l inZorr.ation tJU"our;h these contacts. op independent political force. That's cc:~::::·t!:.:c:l-;;l:,· ~lJ·.:::.::.:a ·i.~:::l L."::.l.~c:J.u c;:; c~1;,~ i:llo:""..l~!t:icn co:J~c:.~niu~ l:ilc c:.;o oi the l:n-;;c~ial. -. · · New Yo:d;: in requested to cui:::li t a rccoomonc!ntion rcc-::rdint: the only way they can be a power and tho usc of thiu C.:cru~·;:-!'i.v::.·y ~ntc1•ial in ~n r.no~lyiJous letter ;::; set > forth in ro!crc;'!ccd ~:c\7 Yo1•1::. lcttc·l.' ol 4/22/65. the only way they can defend them­ ~: selves against the attacks of the In A!,>l•il, 1!>5-1, tho l!o\7 York Off{cc rcco~lC'!!lclcd nnd the I!:.il'"C:tU n~.:-.:.n·ovcd tl'!:: l .. clcnsc ~o. ::"~rt:nin public On tr.o OCC.<:Gi0!!3 dcro:;atory ini"cr=atio!l conccrnir; Clifton racists which will come whether John­ ocurccG iJ.:fo:·:.:::tticn oi n. ci:'!r.-::::;=t'i:o:·y n:.tu1•c co.:.:.ccj,·nir:.~ Cli:Cton DcDcrry \7nS furni~llt:ci to t'".J.re:~u co!ltacts io:ir.· pos~iblc \!SC in :c.ct.-s­ Dc..:J~rry"". :C::l:'c::r~' i~ :-, :O:t::!c·t::im~~=:r v'! t!:!~ E:·.:> ond is i'"..s p::~pors to Ciccrcdit Z::~C.?l.l"Y'to cl'l:-.~r-t::iG:J. ior t~e Prc;;iCcnt of tb.c son or Goldwater is elected." c:u.:Uid:~-:::~ Xc1• :=:~.·c.G:tU.cn·i:: o:Z t!!e L..!itGc! ·s·~::tt.:?::; in 19Gt1. V~tcd St:'!tc~ "in l!>G1 on tl:e Zoci~li::;t i.'z:"'!.:ors P:1rt;• tic!:ct. D~Bcrry When Malcolm X, who was in Egypt l'hc Ucl·v:;::tory i:~:ior::.:1.t:=.o:a roi.:!1·:rcd to p~nt :l;"'l.'C:J.ts of DcDcrry is nor1 ru!lnil-:r; ior tht" vo:oition oi ca:~or of ;icw Yc:-:1: Cit;,·. :;c\7 York oil co~1::~tr:"JJort c~'!~r'1os .O.OS: hie '\'Ji:Zc :.u:.d ·children :::nd nl:::;o hns Gi.lr~::;cstcd this

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 17 Warm reSP-QnSe at N~ ·ralhl Coral winds up successful· US. tour By Jose Perez "When the brutality of the Chilean NEW YORK-Argentine socialist junta temporarily succeeded in crush­ leader Juan Carlos Coral successfully ing all resistance within that country," completed his two-month speaking he said, "it was only the activities of tour of the United States with an April international solidarity carried out by 30 city-wide meeting here pf more than groups like USLA and Amnesty Inter­ 300 people at the church of St. John national that led to such important the Divine. victories as the freeing of hundreds of As has been the case at many of his political prisoners." meetings, there was a sizable percen­ Coral denounced the growing danger tage of enthusiatic young Latinos in of a right-wing coup in Argentina and the audience who interruped his talk said this "even more somber and tragic several times with applause even possibility" necessitated a redoubling before the interpreter had a chance to of international protests. translate into English what Coral was Coral also used his last meeting to saying. offer some personal impressions of the Coral, a leader of the Argentine country gathered while he was on tour. Partido Socialists de los Trabajadores He pointed to the Chicanos, Puerto (PST-Socialist Workers party), spoke Ricans, and other Latinos, saying that on repression and right-wing terror in the upsurge of nationalist conscious­ Argentina. He not only denounced the ness among them was part of right"wing violence that has taken a continent-wide phenomenon. several hundred lives in the past year "The Latin American masses," he in Argentina, but he also explained the said, "have begun to lose the old real causes of this violence and his inferiority complex imposed for centu­ opinions on how it can be combated. ries by the ruling classes and have He said that the capitalist press and exchanged it for a new feeling of ruling classes of Latin American and national pride and affirmation in imperialist countries systematically being Latin American." MilitanVBill Lerman cover up not only the facts of repres­ He also said he had been pleased to Argentine socialist leader Juan Carlos Coral addressing University of Minnesota sion and violence in his country but find a wide layer of people in the meeting. During two-month tour, Coral spoke to audiences totaling more than 6,000 also the roots of these antidemocratic United States who were interested in people. attacks. Latin American politics and willing to He pointed out that the repression protest events such as those occurring and right-wing terror are intended to jn his country today. movement in Argentina. surprised by the degree of radicalism silence those who fight against the Coral finished his remarks by saying • In Boston, he spoke to a city-wide of both, the students at Tlatelolco and imperialist exploitation of semicolonial he would be returning to Argentina forum of about 200 people held at at Crystal City High School, in the Rio countries. "It is the last desperate now that the tour was over, despite the Boston University April16. Messages Grande Valley, where he spoke to 500 resource of the capitalists," he said, fact the he is one of the few remaining of solidarity .were read by Guerdes Chicanos in mid-March. "when they can no longer fool the survivors of the original list of several Fleurant of the Haitian Action Com­ Coral was given a very warm recep­ workers with propaganda." These dozen "sentenced to death" by a right­ mittee, Maria Morrison of the Puerto tion also by 100 Latino students at the remarks were met with warm ap­ wing terrorist gang, the Argentine Rican Socialist party, and representa­ University of Massachusetts in Am­ plause. Anticommunist Alliance: tives of the Movement for a New herst. TPe campus Latino organiza­ But the loudest and most sustained He said he was doing this "not Dominica and the Chile Action Group. tion, Ahora, had brought Coral in as wave of cheering and applause came because I am unconscious of the • In Minneapolis, Coral spoke April the keynote speaker for Latin Ameri- · when he pointed to the example of the danger and much less because I am a 18 to 200 people at the University of can Week. Vietnamese as proof that the working hero," but because he felt it was his Minnesota. The meeting was preceded Another example was an April 25 and oppressed people of semicolonial duty to participate in the struggles of by a reception attended by faculty New York meeting of 175 cosponsored countries would be victorious despite the Argentine working class, and members from the university. by USLA and the Comite Unitario 24 government repression, right-wing vio­ because he was convinced the working • Coral gave two speeches during a de abril. The' Comite Unitario is a lence, and u.s. military intervention. and oppressed people in Argentina brief stop in Ohio April 21 and 22. One coalition of Dominican civil liberties would win. was at Cleveland State University and and left-wing groups, formed to com­ Role of USLA Coral was introduced at the meeting the other at Kent State University. memorate the 1965 uprising in Santo Since it was his last appearance in by Annette Rubinstein, a member of People came from as far away as Domingo, which was crushed by an this country, Coral used the occasion USLA's National Executive Board Pittsburgh to hear Coral at Kent State. invasion of U.S. Marines. to thank publicly the U.S. Committee who first became active in support of • Finally, before beginning his At many of his meetings, but parti­ for Justice to Latin American Political civil liberties around the issue of Spain week-long visit of New York, he cularly those in which Latinos were Prisoners, which had organized the in the 1930s. stopped in Philadelphia for an April 23 · predominant, there was an extensive tour as part of its ongoing work in Gloria Waldman, a professor of forum at the International House of discussion during the question-and­ defense ·of democratic rights in Latin Latin American and women's studies the Univer$ity of Pennsylvania. The answer period of revolutionary strate­ America. at York College in New York City, event was cosponsored by thirty promi­ gy and tactics in Latin America. He also appealed for further interna­ spoke about the frame-up of several nent individuals and organizations Coral not only opposed the so-called tional protests around Argentina, feminists in Spain. She had just and was attended by 100 people. peaceful roads to socialism, which he pointing to the example of Chile as returned from Spain, where she inter- called "utopian," but also the strategy proof of the effectiveness of such activ­ viewed the women. . No disruptions of guerrilla warfare isolated from the ities: Ram6n Leonardo, a protest singer An important part of the prepara­ masses, which he classified as "suicid­ from the Dominican Republic, had also tions for all the meetings was the al." He explained that history had · been scheduled to appear at the meet­ organization of sizable marshaling shown both by positive and negative ing, but the U.S. government refused to squads. This was necessitated by an examples that the only strategy that allow him to enter the country. attack on one of Coral's first appear­ really works is the organization of the ances in the United States, in Chicago, workers and all the oppressed under Other meetings by fifty ultrarightist Cuban exiles. the leadership of a revolutionary party. Coral arrived in New York after It later became known that the visiting cities across the country. Chicago cops had known about the News coverage • In Denver he spoke to eighty-five planned disruption beforehand, but In addition to speaking directly to people at the International House and they didn't have any police visible at more than 6,000 people, Coral reached at a campus meeting on the Metro the. meeting nor did they warn the countless others through numerous State College campus, where nearly all organizers of the threat. radio, television, and newspaper inter­ the students and faculty members in USLA organized large groups of views. attendance were Chicanos. monitors for all meetings and de- The newspapers that interviewed . manded police protection for all subse­ him ranged from the Cleveland Plain • A quick tour through Atlanta quent meetings. Thanks to these ef­ Dealer to the Mexico City daily Excel­ April 3 and 4 included campus meet­ forts, there were no more attempts at sior, which interviewed him in Wash­ ings at Emory University and Georgia disruption. ington, D.C. Many campus news­ State University, as well as several Among the most enthusiastic meet­ papers carried coverage of his news interviews. ings were those with Chicano and meetings. • In Washington, D.C., he spoke at Puerto Rican audiences. In Denver, One of the more interesting radio an April 11 city-wide meeting of 200 Coral's tour was highlighted by a visit shows resulting from Coral's tour was people at All Souls Church. About half to a school operated by the Crusade for put together by Paz Cohen of Pacifica of the audience were Latinos, including Justice, Escuela Tlatelolco. There he radio's Washington bureau. The pro­ a number of Argentines. During the spoke to a school assembly and was gram counterposed excerpts from a Annette Rubinstein, active in civil question-and-answer period after Cor­ given a tour of the building by Cru­ speech given by the Argentine ambass­ liberties causes since 1930s, introduced al's presentation, there was a lively sade for Justice leader Corky Gonzales. ador to the United States to comments Coral at New York meeting. discussion on the role of the Peronist Coral told this reporter he had been by Coral on the same issues.

18 A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED .ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM.

MAY 16, 1975

Cover-uQs & laundered money in 1917 New facts on U.S. secret war against the Bolsheviks

By David Frankel Secret wars, cover-ups and laun­ dered money, according to some U. S. liberals, are aberrations of the Viet­ nam era and Watergate. But research­ ers at Auburn University in Alabama have unearthed a conspiracy dating from 1917 whose script would require only minor alteration to bring it into line with more recent scenarios. The Auburn scholars, in the course of studying State Department records on microfilm, found documentary proof that United States intervention against the Bolshevik revolution did _ not begin in July 1918, as was pre­ viously thought, but was initiated al­ most immediately after the Bolsheviks Soldiers of Red Army facing counterrevolutionary firing squad. Washington paid for the bullets. came to power. By December 1917, one month after the revolution, the government of sians to British in San Francisco." rived at, after which there shall be render them a prey to the very ac­ President Woodrow Wilson had begun no private international understand­ tive and insidious Bolshevik propa­ to secretly finance the formation of After being minted into coins, the sil­ ver was to be sent to southern Rus­ ings of any kind, but diplomacy shall ganda which the enemy are carrying counterrevolutionary armies and to proceed always frankly and in the out with increasing energy and skill'." set up an espionage apparatus as a sia to pay troops who would not accept paper rubles. public view." There was also opposition in the preliminary step along the road to The U. S. money going to' the White Alth"ough the pretext for interven- United States, despite the anti-Bolshe­ more open intervention. Guards was laundered by having Rus­ . tion against the Bolsheviks was the vik witch-hunt whipped up by !he Wil­ According to a report on the Au­ sian counterrevolutionaries in the necessity to counter German war son government Harvey O'Connor burn research in the January 12 +a­ United States handle all aid. This was plans in northern Russia, American describes one example in his book sue of the Atlanta Journal and Consti­ done by cycling the money through troops were not finally withdrawn un­ Revolution in Seattle: tution Magazine, on December 10, a $60 million account set ·up in a til early in 1920. The U.S. contin­ 1917, U. S. Secretary of State Robert U. S. bank by the Provisional Gov­ gent was part of an invading force Lansing "proposed to Wilson that the ernment before its overthrow. of about one million foreign troops. A Curious Export- United States inform the anti-Bolshe­ While these financial maneuvers The U.S. force together with 72,000 vik group led by Cossack chief Alexey "Early in October [1919], came a were going on, U~S. diplomats in Rus­ Japanese troops and about 30,000 Maximovich Kaledin of its nonrecog­ mysterious shipment by rail, a train­ sia were busy setting up a full-scale British and French, held the main nition of the Bolsheviks and its read­ load of 50 freight cars, destination intelligence network. Lansing asked Siberian ports. On the southern front, iness to recognize a government cap­ Vladivostok,' and labeled 'sewing the U.S. ambassador in Petrograd the governments of France and Brit­ able of restoring order in Russia and machines.' It seemed a curious ex-. "for detailed political, military and ain each had 140,000 troops; Ru­ carrying out Russia's role in the war port to a country in the throes of military-political information from all mania, 190,000; Italy, 40,000; against Germany. Lansing said Kale­ 'Civil war. A longshore crew, suspi­ parts of Russia" in late December Greece, 200,000; and Serbia, 140,000. din must be given hope of moral and cious of the cargo, allowed a crate 1917, the Journal and Constitution However, the main imperialist pow­ material aid from the United States. to crash on the dock. Out spewed Magazine reported. ers generally followed a policy of Financing was not to be done open­ stacks of rifles, bound for the Kol­ In March 1918, "the secretary of leaving the fighting to the White ar­ ly, but through loans to the British chak counter-revolutionary govern­ state in effect bypassed the ambas­ mies; As E. H. Carr explained in Vol­ and French. P!'esident Wilson ap­ ment Upon inquiry it became evi­ sador and put Maddin Summers, the ume III of his History of Soviet proved of this approach. dent that this was no mere private American counsul-general in Moscow, Russia: "Treasury Department representa­ shipment of 'hardware.' The United to work on the intelligence-gather~ng "In January 1919 when the allied tive Oliver T. Crosby was directed States government, no less, had char­ task. -Lansing told Summers to em­ statesmen, assembled in Paris for the to consult with British and French tered a ship, inappropriately named ploy· National _City Bank and Inter­ peace conference, discussed the oc; authorities, but he was instructed to the 'Delight,' to take this cargo of mu­ national Harvester representatives al­ cupation of Russia by allied troops, stress the importance of secrecy con­ nitions consigned by Remington Arms ready in _Russia 'as far as practicable' the British Prime Minister bluntly as­ cerning the American role." to Kolchak. The longshoremen's and to 'spare no reasonable expense' sured his colleagues that 'if he now union announced that its members to keep the State Department regular­ proposed to send a thousand British would not touch the hot cargo and 110 Tons of Silver ly and fully informed of what was troops to Russia for that purpose, the that any dock that attempted to_move That same month Washington going on in Russia." armies would mutiny', and that, 'if it would be under permanent boycott" authorized the use of government a military enterprise were started The extent of the counterrevolution­ funds to finance the printing of 3.9 The intelligence network was estab­ against the Bolsheviki, that would ary intervention can be gauged by billion rubles- the equivalent of $1 lished, and it prepared the way for make England Bolshevist and there Prime Minister Lloyd George's admis­ billion in 1917 dollars- for the de­ the open intervention of 7,000 U. S. would be a Soviet in London'." sion in the House of Commons that posed Provisional Government Also troops on the side of the counterrev­ Britain alone spent the equivalent of in December 1917, the U.S. govern­ olution. The first American troops 'Serious Mutinies' $500 million in aid to the White ment transferred 110 tons of bar sil­ arrived in Siberia in August 1918, Carr says: "Serious mutinies in the armies. ver to the White forces through the but as the State Department's own first months of 1919 in the French Although more modest CIA "destab­ British. records reveal, the policy under which fleet and in French military units land­ ilization" efforts were later to prove Crosby sent Treasury Secretary Wil­ they were sent had really been for­ ed in Odessa and other Black Sea successful in overthrowing regimes liam McAdoo and Lansing a telegram mulated in secret eight months ports led to an enforced evacuation at such as Allende's in Chile and Mos­ from London on February 14, 1918, earlier. the beginning of April. Of the troops sadegh 's in Iran, the imperialists did according to the Auburn historians. This fact allows us to appreciate of several nationalities under British not succeed in their attempt to stran­ The cable reported that "3,668,652 the full hypocrisy of Wilson's "Four­ command on the Archangel front the gle the first workers state. They did ounces bar silver purchased out of teen Points," written in December 1917. Director of Military Operations at the manage to inflict incalculable human funds advanced by the United States The fl.l'st of th~ese proposals called for War Office reported in March 1919 anguish and cause millions of deaths, government was handed· over by Rus- "open convenants of peace, openly ar- that their morale was 'so low as to Continued on next page

19 World Outlook

On eve of elections Reformist parties in Portugal compete in servility to military

By Gerry Foley said only that "tens of thousands of dedication to the MFA. The most persons were present." popular chant was "0 povo 'sta com o -LISBON, April 25-The electoral · The slogans started up by party MFA!" (The people are with the MFA!). campaign here culminated in a dra­ activists left no doubt that the SP, like I could hear this· refrain being beeped matic competition in the streets be­ the CP, was intent on making a show out by thousands of car horns as the tween the Communist and Socialist of strength: "Assim, se conhece a fo~a bus I was on came near the Estadio parties, with each trying to out­ do PS" (So, you see the power of the Primeiro de Maio. mobilize the other in giant rallies and SP), "Aqui vai s6 um, o PS e mais demonstrations. At least here in the ninguem" (We're ·all SP here, there's The CP had brought out an immense country's main center, this rivalry has nobody else). . crowd. It was impossible to estimate overshadowed everything else. Like the CP demonstration at the the numbers of such a multitude with CP LEADER CUNHAL: Urges masses to The walls are dominated by CP and Palacio de Sao Bento a few days any hope of accuracy, especially after trust 'patriotic military.' SP posters. The great majority of the before, the SP rally was billed as a dark. But the soccer stadium was political emblems the people in the demonstration of gratitude to the entirely filled, and the crowd stretched streets wear are those of these two Movimento das Forcas Armadas out into the street. People kept stream­ The CP press has said in fact that parties. CP and SP car caravans have (MFA-Armed Forces Movement) for ing in until about 10:30, an hour after the workers in the recently national­ been roaming the streets, with horns· the latest nationalizations. the rally was scheduled to begin: ized industries must work harder blowing and red flags flying from their In his speech closing the rally, the Mter the chants hailing the MFA, because most of these were operating windows. party's general secretary, Mario the most popular one was just "PCP" in the red (in the capitalist sense) and The street vendors specialize in Soares, said: "Today comrades, we (Partido Comunista Portugues, Portu­ their deficits had been made up by trinkets bearing the hammer and dedicate this demonstration to our guese CP), followed by "Assim, seve a state subsidies, which the government sickle of the CP and the clenched, comrades in the MFA, to tell them that forca do PC" (This shows the strength can now ill afford to pay. raised fist of the SP. we are with them in freedom, with the of the CP). As for Cunhal himself, he projected As far as outward signs go, the revolution, with the progress of our The sight must have certainly had the idea that under the patriotic bourgeois forces seem almost out of the country, with the socialist reforms­ its effect on the Portuguese bourgeoisie military, assisted by the CP, Portugal contest. Probably their support at this but in tranquillity, in order, in peace, and the conservative-minded. To these, is advancing toward a free and equal stage is mostly passive-waiting to be and above all in liberty." some of the crowd's slogans may have society and that the main danger on expressed at the ballot box. In any sounded challenging and threatening: the path ahead is from the ultraleft. case, they have not yet shown the "Crush reaction!" "Fascista, escuta, o capacity or the desire to mobilize large 'Order' a Theme povo esta em luta" (Listen Fascists, Spontaneous Celebrations numbers of people. At the same time, The theme of "order" has been an the people are fighting), and "People's The constant adulation of the MFA both the conservative and liberal: undertone in the SP campaign. In fact, Vigilance." The SP, on the other hand, in such mass rallies clearly had its bourgeois parties have apparently at times SP leaders have said that the has stressed its peaceful nature. effect on the spontaneous celebrations taken advantage of the campaign to greatest danger to the country is not that swept Lisbon after midnight April accelerate the formation of goon dictatorship but "anarchy." However, No Action Slogans 24. The crowds that started to gather squads. "liberty" has apparently been the As I was leaving the stadium later, I in the central square chanted the CP's The rightist Centro Democratico party's biggest drawing card. The SP noticed some persons in the neighbor­ slogans. The example was carried Social (CDS-Social Democratic Cen­ cars touring the city for the last few hood who seemed upset at the sight of throughout the city. Everywhere, ter) had distinguished itself for some days have been broadcasting the . so many Communists. The Portuguese crowds were chanting "0 povo esta time by such activity. On April 17, the slogan "Vota PS, vota liberdade." bourgeoisie cannot help but be nervous com o MFA," "MFA," "Abaixo a liberal Partido Popular Democratico The friction between the MFA and as it watches what it long viewed as a reaccao!" (PPD-Democratic People's party) the SP has not been discussed as much shadowy threat transformed into great They gathered in the squares and in staged a commando raid against or as openly in the Portuguese papers masses of people. On the other hand, the parks. Lines of cars honked their students in the Padre Ant6nio Vieira as it has in the international press. But the more astute of the bourgeois horns in unison, while people leaned High School here, a center of left-wing there has been an undercurrent of strategists must realize how soft the out of the windows giving the activity. rumors and oblique references to this. CP is, how easily it could be smashed clenched-fist salute or the victory sign. It was widely believed on the left, and at the decisive moment. Youths' rode in the open trunks of cars, The SP Rally April 20 apparently by some members of the The CP is in a deadly contradiction. shouting and waving. In the Belem In the last week of the campaign, the party itself, that the official report on It poses as a great proletarian army, park area, near the national palace, SP effort picked up momep.tum and the March 11 attempted coup would while in reality using semimobilized, soldiers and civilians danced together appeared to catch up somewhat with implicate some SP members. The loose aggregations of people as a in rings, chanting the praises of the the CP activity. The SP's last spurt of report, which was released two days means of pressure within the frame­ MFA. The crowds were celebrating the energy culminated Sunday, April 20, in before the elections, did not do so, work of the capitalist system. The rally fall of the Salazarist dictatorship and a march through the city ending in a however. Instead, it reestablished the in the Estadio Primeiro de Maio did the atmosphere of freedom and hope rally in the Estadio Primeiro-de Maio. SP as a "party of the revolution" by not project a single slogan or directive that exists in Portugal today. .This is the huge soccer stadium on the . saying that the plotters had intended for struggle. outskirts of the city that was the focus to liquidate the two main SP leaders, Instead, one speaker after another The spontaneous outbursts were of the vast demonstration held a year Mario Soares and Salgado Zenha. got up to hail the Portuguese people, reminiscent of May 1, 1974. They ago to celebrate the fall of the Salazar­ the workers, the women, the youth, the continued almost all night throughout ist regime. The organizers of the SP The CP Outdoes the SP progressive intellectuals and artists, the city. The outburst of popular demonstration estimated the number In any case, the SP could hardly etc. The speaker just before Cunha} did feeling was genuine and deep, but it of participants at more than 100,000. outdo the CP in adulation of the MFA. raise the idea that the workers should was not inevitable that this would The bourgeois papers in Lisbon, which The CP final rally on April 23 was participate in the administration of the focus on adulation of the MFA. That no longer try to give definite estimates completely dedicated to showing (1) the nationalized enterprises, but only in was the work of the opportunist of the size of crowds at political affairs, strength of the CP; (2) the CP's the vaguest way. workers parties, abo:ve all the CP.

slaughtered fifty-two car-loads of pris­ oners. . . . In another district 'wom­ Coming in the May 19 en were ripped open, children b ayo­ neted, and men flayed alive. Brutality ... secret war made Bolsheviks where none had Continued from preceding page been before.'" Intercontinental Press however, in addition to crippling the Fleming concludes: "Until the Nazis "A Discussion With Trotsky on Latin nent revolution to Latin America and Soviet economy. In his book The Cold made wholesale murder a scientific American Questions." the importance of the struggle for War and Its Origins, D. F. Fleming business, the campaign of Admiral For the first time, the stenographic democratic demands in colonial and described the conduct of the imperial­ Kolchak in Siberia resulted in the transcript of a discussion held in Trot­ semicolonial countries. ist-supported armies: most gigantic tragedy of all recent sky's home in Coyoacan, Mexico, in "'Systematic pillage, murder and in­ times." November 1938. For a copy send $. 75 to Intercontinen­ cendiarism' constituted the plan of Fleming leaves out World War I, Among the questions discussed were tal Press, P.O. Box 116, Village Station, campaign of Semenov, one of Kol­ which the same imperialist govern­ the application of the theory of perma- New York, New York 10014. chak's chiefs. On August 19, 1919, ments bear responsibility for. But oth­ Colonel Stephanov's command er than that, he is probably right

20 Less radical imag!!_Qreferred European Stalinists uneasy over Portugal upsurge

By Dick Fidler the PCI. How could Berlinguer propose determination not to go beyond capi­ collaboration in the government, when talist property relations. in Portugal his cothinkers refused to Within this electoral framework, the The situation in Portugal has natu­ tolerate even the existence of the parties compete for members and rally aroused widespread interest in Christian Democrats? their leaders votes. And in recent months, as the SP the left throughout Western Europe. indignantly asked. showed signs of increasing its electoral This is especially true in Italy, France, In his introductory report to the PCI standing at the expense of the CP, the and Spain, where the Communist congress, Berlinguer took his distance competition has become considerably parties have hopes of being called on from the Portuguese CP. Italy is not sharper. While the SP continues its in the near future to serve in bourgeois Portugal, he emphasized. That country effortS to build an "all-inclusive" coalition governments. The entry of is going through "a rather complicated Social Democratic pl'l,rty, opening its the Portuguese CP into the govern­ political process, part of the difficult ranks to elements on both its left and ment a year ago was hailed by these task of building and consolidating a its right, the CP leaders have been parties as a model of what should be truly democratic system." obliged to adopt a more militant stance done in their own countries. This disavowal failed to placate the in order not to lose their audience and Lately, however, the CP leaders have Christian Democrats. Their support among their traditional trade­ become more reserved, even defensive, observers-it is traditional in Italy for union base. in their public statements on Portugal, the parties of the "constitutionalist At a news conference in La Trinite and in the case of the Italian CP at arc" to send observers to each other's March 18, the day the Portuguese least, openly critical of their Portu­ congresses-staged a walkout and did Christian Democrats were banned, guese cothinkers. not return. It was their actiont not French CP leader Georges Marchais This unease has intensified with the Berlinguer's arguments for coalition, defended the Portuguese CP as "the Italian Communist party election rally. rapid evolution of the situation in that captured the headlines. only ones who led the struggle against PCI hopes to join capitalist government. Portugal since March 11, when Spinola In his closing speech to the congress fascism for fifty years." The Portu­ attempted his coup. March 23, Berlinguer protested the guese Socialist party, he pointedly One incident that attracted much "inconsiderate and rude gesture" of recalled, was a latecomer on the scene, attention was the banning of the beyond the framework of bourgeois these bourgeois politicians. Then, refer­ having been reconstituted only recent­ legality in the direction of dual power right-wing Christian Democratic ring to the ban on the Portuguese ly. party, on the grounds of its complicity and the establishment of a workers Christian Democrats, he said: state. in the putsch. The ban was supported "We Italian Communists do not by the Portuguese CP and sharply Mitterrand Scores a Point This has meant supporting the agree with some decisions in which regime's nationalization of banks and criticized by the Socialist party. Fran~ois Mitterrand, first secretary correct and necessary actions aimed at some industries, enacted under the In other West European countries, punishing persons directly involved in of the Socialist party and the Union of the banning of the Christian Democ­ the Left's presidential candidate in pressure of a mass upsurge, even when reactionary attempts at a coup were those measures were not in the CP's rats was seized on by some commenta­ confused with other actions restricting 1974, has been especially fearful that tors as "proof" that the Communists the current campaign by the bourgeoi­ program. The Portuguese Stalinists the parties those persons belonged have been forced to adopt some dema­ had no intention of collaborating with tO .... " sie against the leftward trend in bourgeois forces, despite their promises Portugal might carry over into at­ gogic "left" rhetoric in order to pre­ to the contrary. In Italy the CP, with its 1.6 million tempts to red-bait the French SP. serve their credibility-and to retain This propaganda barrage has no members, dominates the reformist left; Besides, he saw another opportunity to the possibility of strangling the revolu­ doubt embarrassed the Spanish Com­ iri France this is not the case. score. some points against the Stalin­ tion. munist party, which in July 1974 The Portuguese events have served ists by appearing as a defender of The basic framework of the CP announced the formation of a "Democ­ to aggravate strains in France's Union democracy. strategy in Portugal, as in Italy, ratic Junta" with some Social Democ­ of the Left. This electoral coalition, In a March 20 television interview, France, Spain, and elsewhere, is to rats, monarchists, and even former which includes the Communist party, Mitterrand noted that the Portuguese strive to preserve the detente between officials of the Franco regime. the Socialist party, and the · Left SP had protested the ban on some Moscow and Washington by doing The junta recommends the "restora­ Radicals, is based on wheeling and political parties. The PSP, he said, "is nothing to upset the relationship of tion of a democratic regime in Spain." dealing in the electoral arena on a a party of the revolution. All its leaders forces between imperialism and the Its program, which includes such program of class collaboration. were imprisoned for a long time, and in workers states. demands as "political neutrality and The Socialist party sees its alliance any event were excluded from political purely professional operation· of the with the CP as a means of inCPeasing · life. . . . They are participating active­ Socialism? Not Interested armed forces," and Spain's "integra­ its voting base in the working class, ly in this revolution. But they want Here is how Le Monde's Moscow tion within the European community," and thereby its credibility as a candi­ this revolution to be democratic, head­ correspondent, Jacques Amalric, sum­ is strictly limited to the framework of date for government. ing toward democracy, a revolution for marized what the Kremlin leaders are bourgeois property relations. The Communist party needs its democracy.... " telling the Portuguese Communists. identification with the SP to give it an In the SP's weekly l'Unite, Mitter­ "The Soyiet Union is nnt presently opening to the middle classes and to rand went so far as to suggest that interested in the establishment of a certain layers of the working class, Portuguese CP leader Alvaro Cunha! Communist regime in Lisbon, at least Italian CP Embarrassed and to show its readiness to cooperate opposed free speech, a multiparty unless you were to win a 75 percent Although it had not been intended with other forces in running capitalist system, and even "universal suffrage." majority in the elections. . . . Not only that way, the revolutionary upsurge in society. The CP leaders reacted defensively would such a development lead to civil Portugal was a major issue at the Both the CP and SP have actively to these attacks .. The March 28 issue of war, but it would also be a consider­ congress of the Italian Communist sought the collaboraiion of the bour­ l'Humanite, the French CP's daily, able setback to detente in the world in party (PCI) which opened March 18. geois Left Radicals as proof of their suggested that Mitterrana should general and especially in Europe. From As its answer to the problems of "take account of the special situation that standpoint, it · could lead to a Italian capitalism, the PCI is cam­ that exists in Portugal. . . . " grave defeat of the 'peace policy' paigning for a "historic compromise," Political democracy is not necessari­ defined by the last congress of the a class-collaborationist coalition be­ ly a guarantee that a country can Soviet Communist party." tween the PCI and the parties of the avoid oppression or torture, "especially The Portuguese CP understands this existing governmental alliance, in the during colonial wars," the newspaper perfectly. In the March issue of World first place the Christ;an Democratic said. Mitterrand was a minister in the Marxist Review, the Stalinist monthly party. governments that carried out the magazine, Cunha! described the pres­ PCI General Secretary Enrico Berlin­ Indochinese and Algerian wars. ent "crucial stage" of the revolution as guer spelled out the party's proposal in Referring to the Italian cr leader's "the first steps toward the goals of the an opening speech to the congress. The implied criticism of the Portuguese national-democratic revolution." He historic compromise, he said, offered CP's policy, Mar.ehais said in an April defined these as "democratic freedoms, Italy "a new phase of democratic 7 television interview, "I do not agree liquidation of the big monopolies, development" that "would introduce with Berlinguer. Each [Communist] agrarian reform, development of cul­ some elements of socialism into the party is completely free to determine ture, substantial improvement of living structures of society." It would enable its own policy.... That is what the standards, an end to imperialist tute­ Italy to "leave the capitalist system Portuguese CP is doing, in abnormal lage, independent economic develop­ gradually." conditions." ment and realization of the right to There was no substantial opposition The difference in the respective self-determination and independence from delegates to this reformist propo­ stances of the Italian and French CPs of peoples formerly under Portuguese sal, which is now being presented as a is only superficial. Both parties agree colonial rule." "strategy and a .method." with the general orientation of the And socialism? It is not in Cunhal's On the day the PCI congress opened, Portuguese CP. The cornerstone of the list. Portugal, if he has his way, will however, the Portuguese military ru­ FRANCOIS MITTERRAND: French latter's strategy is to adhere as closely not achieve socialism in the foresee­ lers banned the Christian Democratic reformist leader has attacked his as possible to the policies of the Armed able future. The Stalinist leaders in party. The Italian Christian Demo­ Stalinist partners over events in Forces Movement and the military Italy, Spain, and France can agree crats saw an opportunity to embarrass Portugal. rulers, resisting all tendencies to go wholeheartedly with that.

21 World Outlook

Palestinians in Israel protest police persecution

[The following appeal was issued in of democracy. February by the Arab Students Com­ The numerous attempts of the Israeli mittee of Tel Aviv University. It was establishment to violate and circum­ reprinted in the April issue of Palestine scribe the basic and elementary rights Digest, from which we have taken the of the Arab students to elect their own text.] representative committee, whose pur­ pose is to deal with their specific There are approximately 300 Arab problems (a result of the establish­ students (Israeli citizens) studying at ment's policy), is added verification of Tel Aviv University. As a national the Government's overall policy to Harassment of Palestinians is standard procedure for Israeli police minority the Arab students for the past snuff out the Arab voice. five years have been represented by an In addition to the mentioned above, elected committee. Its function is to the Arab students face various prob­ Israeli Police Force "visited" six times, students were faced occurred on deal with Arab students' problems lems: sixteen Arab students living in their 30/1175 at 3:00 A.M. Two students emanating from the fact that they are The policy of quotas enables only rented rooms at J abotinsky Street 50, were arrested and held in custody for a national minority in Israel. about 20 Arab students to habitate the Ramat Gan. When the police were six hours, without any formal accusa­ During that period the Arab Stu­ University dormitories (it is worth asked what were the lawful grounds tion. dents Committee received from the mentioning that the quota system for their visits, they responded: "The In light of the above, we have official Students Association of Tel similarly applies to certain Faculties law is not intended for your protection, decided to approach various organiza­ Aviv University and from the Univer­ such as: Medicine and Geography). force is the sole language which you tions in Israel and abroad for support sity the use of halls for social and Mter repeated outcries from the (Arabs) understand." of our struggle against the premeditat­ political activities. Arab students, the University adminis­ ed maltreatment undertaken against· The beginning of the current aca­ tration helped to rent several rooms in B. On the 18/11174 at 3:00 A.M. the us by the Israeli government, Police, demic year saw a drastic change in the Tel Aviv area for fifty Arab police "called" on the Arab students University administration and the policy: The University administration students, who could not, by their own residence, Pincas Street 9, Tel Aviv. official Students Union. and the official Students Association means, find Jewish landlords willing C. On the 16/1175 three Arab stu­ These actions are: refused to allow the Arab students to to have Arab tenants. dents were arrested while taking a A. Refusal to recognize the Arab organize a symposium concerning the During the last two months, these walk on Ben Yehuda Street. They Students Committee Palestinian question. The immediate fifty students were faced with a new openly underwent a body-search in the B. The unlawful searches policy is to refuse accommodations for problem: Members of the Israeli Police street. The students were then taken Both of which clearly negate the any social or political activities initiat­ Force started and continue to make into custody and brought to the police most elementary right of organization, ed by the. Arab Students Committee. regular "house calls" in the late hours station. Once there, interrogations and the action of the police clearly In the daily paper, Yediot Achronot of the night. were accompanied by beatings and infringe elementary human rights of a (27/1175), the Prime Ministe:r's Advi­ The police justify their recurrent cursing. The accusation brought democratic state. sor for Arab Mfairs, Shmuel Toledano, visits at such hours with the ground­ against them was "the theft of various Solidarity with our struggle could said: "It is not desirable that independ­ less and absurd claims: 1) That the personal articles from girls on the best be manifested by sending protests ent Arab student's committees shall be Arab students must continually identi­ nearby beach." After some hours the to: Tel Aviv University; Minister of formed on campuses." fy themselves. 2) . That the premises students were released, and the police Police; The Prime Minister's Advisor We regard the existence of national must continually be searched. expressed their "deep regrets" regard­ for Arab Affairs; and the Israeli minorities students committees, or Below are listed a. number of "inci­ ing the "tragic mistake." Student Union. organizations, in every university in dents": D. The most recent "house call" with The Arab Students Committee the world, as one of the corner-stones A. Within a period of six weeks the which the above mentioned Arab Tel Aviv University

and the Kurdish struggle is therefore The Kurdish movement supported playing into the hands of imperialism; the overthrow of the proimperialist A stab in the back in fact, they claim it is directly Iraqi monarchy in 1958 and Barzani inspired by imperialism. returned to Iraq from the Soviet Union. Foley cites an article by the head of Although not a Marxist, Barzani has the· Iraqi CP that argues, "The at­ been in the forefront of a struggle Moscow and the Kurds tempts of the imperialist oil monopo­ against oppression. lies to retain their hold on our country In disowning this struggle by using By David Frankel leaders with regard to the Kurdish have been frustrated; so international the pretext that it has a right-wing people." reaction is now pinning its hopes on leadership, the Stalinists are violating As far as the Kurds are concerned, the right wing of the Kurdish move­ the elementary democratic right of the One of the more sordid aspects of not much has changed since then. ment. The latter, as we know, are Kurds to self-determination. They are Soviet policy in the Middle East has Although Kurds make up 20 to 25 hostile to the proaressive political line subordinating the rights of the Kurds been Moscow's support to the crushing percent of Iraq's population, less than of the national authority, resist social and the interests of the Arab revolu­ of the Kurdish rebellion in Iraq. In 7 percent of the university students in changes, especially the agrarian re­ tion to the governmental relations view of the repercussions, the U.S. Iraq come from the Kurdish areas. The form, and are openly anti-Communist. between the Soviet bureaucracy and Communist party ran three articles in percentage of Kurds in Iraqi secondary The anti-Soviet tendencies of the the Iraqi Baathist regime. a row this March in order to explain schools is half that of Arabs. Kurdish rightists gladden reactiona­ why knifing the Kurds in the back was The Iraqi Ministry of Education ries of all hues." really a service to humanity. published more than 100 books in 1972, According to the Stalinists, the In the March 21 issue of the Ameri­ but not one of them was in Kurdish. Barzani leadership initiated the Kur­ can CP's Daily World, Tom Foley, Only 3 percent of Iraqi industry is dish revolt "due to its exploiting unwilling to admit that people in the located in Kurdish areas. Oil refineries interests and in response to imperialist CP have been asking questions, wrote: and iron and steel plants have been and reactionary pressures." "Many people in the U.S. are con­ built outside Kurdistan, although the But Barzani has been the recognized fused about the Kurdish problem in raw materials for them come from leader of the · Kurdish fight against Iraq. They remember the long (1961-70) Kurdish areas. national oppression for decades. In Kurdish war waged earlier in Iraq, in For the Stalinists, all this can now 1932 he led a revolt that was put down which the Kurdish forces were also led be forgotten. What counts in their eyes with the help of the British air force. by [Mustafa al-] Barzani. During that is that the Iraqi government signed a Iraq at that time was still virtually a war, there was a certain sympathy for fifteen-year treaty with Moscow in colony of British imperialism, and just Kurdish aspirations among prog- April 1972 and that two members of there was no "agrarian reform" or ' ressive people here and abroad." the Iraqi CP were brought into the "imperialist and reactionary press­ cabinet the following month. ures" to explain Barzani's action. Indeed there was. For instance, the Foley's clincher is that "in April Was Barzani acting as an agent of Soviet news agency Tass issued a 1974, President Bakr appointed a well­ imperialism and international reaction statement on June 15, 1963, saying: known Kurd ... as Vice-President of when he led the army of the Kurdish "No honest person in the world and Iraq." Mahabad Republic against Iranian, no state that stands for respect for UN The essence of ·the Stalinist argu­ Iraqi, and British troops in 1946? If so, principles can fail to raise their voices ment is that previously Iraq had a why was he welcomed in the Soviet in resolute protest against the brutal reactionary government. Now, they Union and given asylum there for BARZANI: Kurdish leader slandered by poli<:Y and actions of the present Iraqi say, a leftist regime has come to power, eleven years? Stalinists as imperialist agent.

22 Unionists buy_1,649 cogies 'Militant' welcomed at April 26 rally for jobs By Pat Galligan one of the SSEU buses. He reports: platform: "Do you have the Militant?" readers-working people, Blacks, Puer­ "Where do we go from April 26- "People subscribed not only because of Unfortunately, they were carrying to Ricans, Chicanos, women, socialist proposals in this week's issue the Militant's coverage of this issue, Sunday editions of a New York paper students-all the news. It tells the of the Militant." Steve Craine from but for its overall coverage and analy­ that claims to give its readers all the truth. Boston hawked the paper to people as sis of the country's economic situa- news that's fit to print. The lesson of the story ..is clear: be they poured out of buses for the Rally tion." ' The Militant really does give its prepared. for Jobs Now in Washington, D.C. He On a District 65, Distributive Work­ sold forty-six copies. ers train, Marcia Gallo sold the Mili­ On buses and trains bound for D.C., tant to five Teamsters on the basis of on the march, and at the stadium rally Farrell Dobbs's article. "They were site, a total of 1,649 Militants were sold familiar with the leading role Dobbs to working people looking for a solu­ played in Teamster organizing," com­ tion to the economic crisis. ments Gallo. New York socialists had already sold "They want to learn more about the 213 Militants when they arrived in history of their union and the labor Washington for the demonstration. At movement as a whole," she said. one Manhattan departure site, Dan Washington, D.C., supporters sold Styron sold fifteen copies, most of 402 out of the 1,406 Militants sold at them to bus drivers. the demonstration. The youngest D.C. Passengers on one train chartered by salesperson that day, eight-year-old District 1199, National Union of Hospi- · Alexander Rottner, sold twelve copies. tal and Health Care Employees, were Total sales of the May 2 Militant impressed with the Militant's exten­ (headline: . "Funds for jobs-not for sive coverage of the labor movement. war!") were 8,022 copies. This is 87 District 1199 is one of the few unions percent of the national goal. to support the rights of undocumented The Militant has also been well­ workers. Ike Nahem, who sold twenty­ received by people attending showings Militant/Herman Kirsch five papers on that train, tells us that of the documentary Hearts and Minds. 'Militant' got good response at memorial meeting of 1,000 at Kent State University, the International Socialist Review In Houston, fifty-five moviegoers commemorating 1970 murders of antiwar students. supplement feature on this question bought the May 2 Militant. In Seattle, and the reprint of "Blaming the fifty copies were sold. Other areas have Victims" from 1199 News accounted also had good success with sales at for a number of his sales. theaters showing this film. Sales scoreboard There was also considerable interest Because of the ISR feature "To Sold San Diego 275 249 91 in the May 17 march against racism in Myself, So I'll Never Forget... ," an last Upper West Side, N.Y. 425 371 87 Boston among 1199 members. "People account of life as a telephone operator, Area Goal w13ek % L.A. (West Side) 375 310 83 wanted to read the 'May 17 Count­ several areas organized sales at local T.ucson, Ariz. 25 50 200 Atlanta 475 387 81 Philadelphia 400 323 81 phone company facilities. Socialists in Washington, D.C. 400 526 132 down' to see how the demonstration is Cleveland Oakland/Berkeley 600 450 75 Central-East Los Angeles sold thirty 350 419 120 building around the country," explains Milwaukee 200 237 119 Twin Cities 350 259 74 Nahem. Militants at the phone company there. St. Louis 400 427 107 Portland, Ore. 325 235 72 Social Service Employees Union Our supporters are always finding Denver 350 374 107 Pittsburgh 375 258 69 members in New York City, who are new opportunities to sell the Militant. Houston 500 502 100' Detroit 550 370 67 faced with massive layoffs, were espe­ Mter returning from Washington on San Francisco 450 452 100 Brooklyn 400 268 67 cially interested in the Militant's April 26, three New York socialists Lower Manhattan, N.Y. 400 401 100 Chicago 600 386 64 analysis of the city's "budget crisis" were traveling home on the subway Logan, Utah 45 45 100 Boston 300 177 59 and the socialist solution to the prob­ with what appeared to be stacks of Chico, Calif. 25 25 100 L.A .. (Central-East) 450 250 55 lem. newspapers under their arms. Champaign, Ill. 5 5 100 Mankato, Minn. 20 6 30 Total 9,200 8,022 87 Cappy Kidd sold six subscriptions on A man inquired from the opposite Seattle 275 260 95 Printers discuss layoffs, shorter workweek By Paul Colvin now. No pressure of any kind was day week at four day's pay throughout hear discussed. Sensing this frustra­ SAN FRANCISCO-Recent develop­ exerted to sway people into making the jurisdiction of Local 21. What had tion, the local president ruled he would ments in Local 21 of the International this move-just the notice and list of been regarded approvingly as long as allow discussion, even though the Typographical Union here shed some signatures. Those freely making this it had been on a voluntary basis now outcome was predetermined. light on the discussion of unemploy­ decision were husband-and-wife teams ran into a storm of opposition. Several speakers took advantage of ment and the shorter workweek that is or persons without families to support. The issue was to be decided at the the opportunity. The vice-president going on inside the ITU and many Sole supporters of families couldn't do March meeting. Adherents of both made a pertinent speech from the other unions. it. sides urged everyone to attend, and podium. He said that while he and Automation and cold-type printing Things were going smoothly under instead of the usual 60 or 70, some 450 perhaps a majority were in favor of a processes have been making very rapid this arrangement even though every­ showed up. reduction of the workweek as a means inroads at the San Francisco News­ one realized that this was obviously no The executive committee reported of keeping our members employed, this paper Printing Company, the outfit solution to the problem of growing that the motion was out of order particular motion was wrong because · that makes up the merged printing unemployment and that the union because the ITU law says there shall it signified to the employer that the plants of the Examiner and Chroni­ leadership wasn't making any prog­ be no reduction in the five-day week. union was willing to share the unem­ cle. The company has served notice ress when raising the idea of a four­ Mter the executive committee report, ployment. If we accepted this logic, that by June or July of this year hot day week with the company. the maker of the motion withdrew it. why stop at four days? If the economy metal will be completely out of the Then someone's enthusiasm got the Everyone was disappointed that slows down further, as it shows signs composing room and both papers will better of their good sense. At the they hadn't gotten to debate an issue of doing, why not three days, or two be entirely produced by cold type. February meeting of the local a motion that had caused such strong feelings, days, or even one day to keep us all em­ That eliminates the stereotypers. It is was put forward to establish the four- the issue that they had turned out to ployed? already hard for substitutes in the He pointed out that there would be composing room to get work. Large no objections from the employer; in numbers of subs show up at the fact, an editorial in the Examiner had beginning of each shift, but only a few already pointed approvingly in that are hired. direction. Last January one of the workers He got a round of applause when he posted a suggestion on the chapel finished. bulletin board to the effect that all Unfortunately, the question was situation holders (full-time workers) called before anyone got a chance to consider laying off from work one day clearly put forward the concept of a month to give more work to the fighting for a reduction in the work­ substitutes. A blank sheet of paper was · week at no reduction in pay. This is the attached for signatures, and several only way to shift the. burden of unem­ names appeared immediately. A ployment from the workers to the month later the list had grown to more employers. than sixty. Had the original question come to a This is testimony to the fact that vote, it would have been overwhel­ everyone feels concern over the plight mingly defeated. People cannot sacri­ of the subs, both for their sake as well fice 20 percent of their income, given as for the health of the union. the current rate of inflation, for any Some of those on the list take off reason. But I believe a majority would more than one day a month, some in support a four-day week with no fact are working a four-day week right is wiping out jobs in printing trades reduction in pay.

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 23 Cal 'nevt gyideliles a fraud L.A. citizens blast_ surveillance By Harry Ring The scandal over the failure to'arrest LOS ANGELES-At an April 26 the Nazis was compounded when it public hearing called by the Los was learned that the Los Angeles Angeles Board of Police Commission­ Police Department has been conduct­ ers, protesters blasted proposed new ing a massive spy program against guidelines on police spying and de- liberal and radical dissidents. -manded the arrest of right-wing terror­ ists in this city. Cop complicity The hearings had been intended to The secret files underscored the fact offset some of the damage being done that while city officials refuse to move to the liberal image of Mayor Tom against the right-wing terrorists, they Bradley by recent events here. But the are carrying out a massive surveil­ meeting did little, if anything, to lance program against the victims of improve the Bradley administration's these terrorists. The bombing victims credibility on this issue. have repeatedly charged that the cops Outside the hearings, seventy-five are acting in complicity with the people picketed, demanding police reactionary hoodlums. action to halt a wave of ultrarightist Art Kevin, an investigative reporter bombings in Los Angeles. for radio station KMPC, first disclosed A Nazi group, the National Socialist the cop spying. He revealed that secret Liberation Front, has publicly boasted dossiers have been kept by the L.A. that it carried out the most serious cops. Files on thousands of antiwar, Black, Chicano, labor, and socialist attack, the February 4 bombing of the MilitanVDave Wulp Socialist Workers party headquarters. activists date back decades. Citizens bombard police commissioners with questions about phony spy guidelines Yet Police Chief Edward Davis, a Radicals were not the only targets, strident righf-winger, has stubbornly however. Among the victims of the refused to arrest a single member of surveillance was the wife of a member Despite this high-sounding liberal typical Catch-22 style they argue, "To this outfit. of the city's civilian police commission. verbiage, however, the guidelines sim­ state publicly that a person was not or The result has been to embolden the She was active in Women For, a liberal ply provide a license for the cops to is not the subject of a file could be terrorists here, encouraging them to grouping including numerous suppor­ continue their illegal spy efforts. Al­ taken as some form of official appro­ launch a new wave of assaults in ters of the mayor. though the commissioners assert that val." recent weeks. (See story on back page.) Because of the embarrassment this the cops have observed a "flat prohibi­ has caused Bradley, the new guidelines tion against the use of illegal or Abolish PDID were issued to· give a "civil liberties" improper methods of information gath­ At the hearings, Rosalyn Cooper­ cover to the· surveillance operations. ering," the facts say just the opposite. man, a· representative of Women For, The commissioners' report also notes Four years ago, Louis Tackwood also sharply criticized the spy guide­ concern with "litigation" in other disclosed that as a paid secret agent lines. The guidelines are not the illegal spying cases. for the LAPD, he carried out provoca- . answer to the problem, she said. The The guidelines purport to regulate tions against the Nation of Islam and answer, she declared, is to end political activities of the Public Disorder Intelli­ the Black Panthers. He testified that police surveillance and abolish the gence Division of the L.A. Police the L.A. cops had advance knowledge Public Disorder Intelligence Division. Department. The PDID is a political of the 1970 Marin County Courthouse Speaking for the Political Rights police agency charged with collecting shoot-out in which Jonathan Jackson Defense Fund, Byron Ackerman asked and maintaining secret files on indi­ and others died and the 1971 escape the commissioners which of them had viduals and organizations whom the attempt at San Quentin prison in been involved in the shredding of files cops arbitrarily decide are a threat to which George Jackson was slain. and how they determined who would "public order." "The LAPD is not simply concerned The proposed new guidelines offer with compiling secret dossiers on the following definition: "'Disruptive' groups and individuals," warned Jeff or 'disruption of the public order' shall Berchenko at the April 26 hearings. .A dubious mean ideologically motivated illegal Berchenko is the SWP candidate for acts... · ." (Emphasis added.) Los Angeles City Council in the special distinction However, the police commissioners election in the Thirteenth District. hasten to assure, "The Department LOS · ANGELES-Los Angeles recognizes that special care and pre­ 'Infiltrate, disrupt, destroy' has won the dubious distinction of caution must be taken in this area to leading the nation in bombings. "The real purpose of this secret According to a press account of_ avoid interfering with or impairing the police operation-and that's why it's constitutional rights of citizens to statistics compiled by the National bound to be secret-is to infiltrate, Bomb Center, the city apparently MilitanVDella Rossa maintain their privacy, to speak and disrupt, and if possible destroy politi­ Cops refuse to arrest self-confessed freely dissent, to write and publish, has held the record for several cal groups which the police happen to years. Nazi bombers, but have plenty of time to and to associate privately and publicly look upon with disfavor," he charged. spy on radicals. for any lawful purpose whatever." In 1974, the report said, Los Berchenko pointed out that the Angeles had a record of 152 bomb­ r intentionally vague definition of ings, almost three a week. "threat to the public order" gives the 'The meanest police chief cops a free rein to attack all kinds of LOS ANGELES-As pressure has concert that week, arresting a total groups. "It could be because they're mounted for the arrest and prosecu­ of 511 persons, most on marijuana composed of Blacks and Chicanos, or remain on the surveillance list. The tion of Nazi bombers here, Police charges. because they're socialists," he said. commissioners declined to respond. Chief Edward Davis has become Davis claimed the concert was "a "It could be because, like the Ameri­ Donald Freed of the Citizens Re­ increasingly bellicose. · dope festival." He vowed he would can Civil Liberties Union, they defend search and Investigative Committee In an April 23 speech to the "never allow mass· wholesale viola­ individual rights against police snoop­ spoke on the department's long history National Rifle Association, Davis tions of the law in the city of Los ers and others. It could be, simply, a of spying against dissidents. declared that the police could no Angeles." group like Women For, devoted to A broad array of other speakers longer protect people, so they shoi:tld worthy causes." detailed the anti-civil-liberties record of arm themselves against politically But "wholesale violations of the Also testifying was Ramona Ripston the L.A. cops. These included Frank motivated "hoodlums/' He added 'law" by Nazis and other right-wing of the Southern California ACLU, who Wilkinson of the National Committee that such vigilantes could also scum don't pose a problem for Da- scored the commissioners for their Against Repressive Legislation; Rose protect the California coastline in vis. · "purported destruction" of files. A Chemin of the Los Angeles Committee the event of war. Davis's statements and actions report by the commissioners claims to Protect the Foreign Born; Marilyn Davis, an ultrarightist, also re­ have been embarrassing for Mayor that in 1974, 850,000 index cards were Katz of the Citizens Committee of cently had the entire L.A. Police Tom Bradley, however. After the "reviewed and destroyed" and that in Inquiry on L.A. Law Enforcement Department undergo training to sweeping raids at the rock concert, the first two weeks of 1975, an addi­ Practices; and Mae Churchill of the deal with "food riots." Bradley said he thought the pot tional 1,040,000 cards were shredded:_ Urban Policy Research Institute. On April 25, describing himself as busts posed "a serious question Ripston noted that press reports Also, Manuel Rodriguez of La Raza the "meanest police chief in the about the priorities in assignment of have said the ACLU was one of the Unida party of La Puente; Rev. Peter history of the United States," Davi~ personnel" by the police. groups spied upon. "We, and other Christiansen of the Unitarian Church; vowed vigilant prosecution against But Bradley's own inaction on the organizations, would naturally like to Morris Kight, a prominent gay activ­ victimless crimes, including . pot right-wing terrorists poses some know what is lreing said about us in ist; and Lake Headley, a private smoking, prostitution, and homosex­ "serious questions." Despite his order to protect ourselves from abuse," investigator retained by families of uality. liberal image, the mayor, too, has she explained. several of those slain in last summer's True to his word, he ordered the refused to take action to put the In their report, however, the commis­ LAPD shoot-out against entrapped L.A. cops into action at a rock terrorists behind bars. sioners have tried to fend off the · Symbionese Liberation Army mem­ demand for opening the files. In bers.

24 Wave of bombing& Chronology of L.A. t~rrorism Cleveland LOS ANGELES-Los Angeles has a • February 26. A building manag- bombing. He is also charged with an socialists record of right-wing terrorist activity er finds a package sitting outside the earlier bombing of a pro-United Na­ going back almost two decades. This entrance to the offices of the Palestine tions information center and bookstore year there has been an ominous Voice, a community newspaper pub- at the time of Yasir Arafat's appear­ denounce escalation of these attacks. During the lished in Hollywood. It is carried to ance at the UN. So far this is the only past three months there have been at th~ street and, after the area is arrest made in the current wave of least a dozen bombings and attempted cordoned off, removed by the Los bombings. right-wing bombings. The following are the ones Angeles Police Department bomb • April 10. An explosion sinks a that have been reported. squad. Police report it is a lethal cruise ship, the Carib Star, in Los • February 2. Several thousand dynamite bomb that could have des- Angeles harbor. There had been re­ vandalism people are forced to leave a rally of the troyed the office. ports that the ship. was to be sold to an By Chris Rayson Los Angeles Committee to Reopen the Later, an anonymous caller tells Arab businessman. CLEVELAND-The Young Socialist Rosenberg Case at the Santa Monica United Press International the bomb A phone call is received by a local Alliance held a news conference here Civic Auditorium when a powerful had been planted to "serve as a paper declaring the ship was sunk as a at Cleveland State University April30 tear-gas canister explodes directly warning to all enemies of the Jewish warning not to do business with to protest right-wing attacks against above the stage of the auditorium. people.'' Arabs. The ship is refloated and police . socialists and antiracist activists. A Santa Monica police official is • March 23. Police receive a call investigators say it was probably sunk The news conference was called after reported as saying that the National stating a bomb had been placed on the by a bomb. the offices of the Cleveland State YSA Socialist [Nazi] Liberation Front .has roof of the building then housing the were ransacked by ultrarightists some­ taken credit for the attack. offices of the Committee to Reopen the • April .13. In a second night time during the night of April 23. • February 4. A lethal fragmenta­ Rosenberg Case and the National attack, an explosive is dropped Leaflets and literature were strewn tion bomb is exploded at the entrance Committee Against Repressive Legis­ through the roof of the Unidos Book· about the office, and messages of the Socialist Workers party Central­ lation. Police are unable to find the store, ripping a hole in the ceiling. scrawled on the posters read: "White East campaign headquarters. Fortu­ bomb. Two days later, workmen An anonymous caller tells UPI it Power," "Nazi/ Power," "Hitler Was nately, someone witnesses the· bomb searching for a leak in the roof find was the work of Cuban counterrevolu- Right," "Africa for Blacks," and "Com­ being thrown and twenty-five cam­ an unexploded pipe bomb. tionaries. munism is Jewish." paign workers in the building are able • April 2. A pipe bomb is exploded • April 30. A firebomb is hurled During the same week, the campaign to escape by a rear exit just as the on the roof of the building that until a into the Yeshiva Torah Emeth, a headquarters of Robert Bresnahan, bomb· explodes. few days previous had housed the Hebrew school on Fairfax Avenue. The Socialist Workers party candidate for Later, the City News Service reports offices of the Rosenberg committee and principal says the damage is so exten­ mayor of Cleveland, received phoned an anonymous call crediting the Nazi the committee on repressive legisla­ sive they will have to find a new death threats, as did the Cleveland Liberation Front with the bombing. tion. location. He says he has no idea who office of the Ohio Student Coalition Several hours after the bombing of • April 5. A powerful bomb is did it but that there have been several Against Racism. The coalition also the SWP headquarters, a pipe bomb is exploded at night at the Hollywood previous attacks on the school. received a threat from the National hurled through the window of the office of Iraqi Airways, doing exten­ • May 2. A pipe bomb is exploded Christian White People's party, which Unidos Bookstore, operated by suppor­ sive damage. outside the Socialist Workers Westside has a headquarters here. ters of the October League, in East An' anonymous caller tells UPI he campaign headquarters. The exploded At the news conference Bresnahan Lost Angeles. The store is closed at the planted the bomb, · declaring, "No bomb receptacle is later found on the said the attacks are not the first. "Last time so there are no injuries. longer will Arabs suppress the Jews." roof. fall there was a long series of vandal • February 5. A threatening notice Later, Phillip Goodman, allegedly a Associated Press reports that an attacks on the SWP's gubernatorial is posted on the door of the Westside member of the Jewish Defense League, anonymous caller said it was the work campaign. These culminated in an campaign heaquarters of the Socialist is arrested and charged with the of the "Cuban Action Commandos." extremely serious incident, when an Workers party in Santa Monica. It incendiary flare was thrown through reads: "The future belongs to the few of the window of our offices. Luckily it us still willing to get our hands dirty. did not ignite." POLITICAL TERROR. It's the only In March, campaign supporters thing they understand. Build the discovered bullet holes from a .38- national socialist revolution through caliber pistol in a wall and window of ·armed struggle." Signed by "Venice their headquarters. · provo, National Socialist Liberation Philip Lazar, YSA candidate for Front," it bears a drawing of a gun Cleveland State · student body presi­ and a Nazi swastika. dent, told reporters that police harass­ • February 13. A noxious chemical ment has accompanied the right-wing is sloshed on the floor at the entrance attacks. "In March, the Case Western to a classroom at UCLA where the Reserve chapter of the YSA discovered Cuban film Lucia is being shown. that the city police had planted an • February 19. A securely wrapped agent, Robert Denton, in its ranks. package is placed in the entryway to Just last week, Philip Norris, a mem­ the Socialist Workers party Westside ber of the YSA, was illegally arrested campaign headquarters. The Los An­ by Cleveland Heights police and re­ geles County bomb squad cordons off quired to post fifty dollars bail for the block and dismantles the package. sellfug the Militant." It proves to be a dummy bomb. Lazar and Bresnahan demanded • February 22. A bomb explod~ in that the cops press an active investiga~ an air-conditioning duct in the studios tion of the right-wing attacks and tum of Public Broadcasting Service station over all secret files on the SWP and KCET, which has announced a show­ YSA. They also demanded that the ing of the film Lucia. Cleveland State and Case Western The Los Angeles Times receives an MilitanVHarry Ring Reserve University administrations anonymous call crediting counterrevo­ Socialist Workers campaign supporters narrowly escaped February 4 bombing by take action. lutionary Cuban exiles with the attack. Nazis. Also speaking at the news confer­ ence was Thomas Buckley, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union. Buckley stated that the harass­ ment of the socialists strengthens the ACLU's request for exemption of the Racists assault rally in L.A. Socialist Workers campaign committee from disclosure of its contributors. The LOS ANGELES-An organized the same day. A May Day demonstra­ the United Whites of America, made socialists contend that turning over gang of white racists attacked partici­ tion called by the Revolutionary Un­ a similar threat of further violence. these names to the government would pants in a May Day demonstration ion, a Maoist group, was assaulted by On May 5 Houston Police Chief victimize contributors. here May 3 sponsored by the Progress­ members of the Ku Klux Klan and the Carrol Lynn admitted that his depart­ Others appearing at the news confer­ ive Labor party. United Whites of America. ment knew beforehand that the attack ence were Dr. Curtis Wilson, director of The demonstrators had marched to The attackers sprayed demonstra­ was planned. "A real mess would have Black Studies at Cleveland State, and city hall where they were holding a tors and onlookers alike with chemical occurred if the police intervened," he Mark Friedman, Ohio coordinator of rally. A group of about ten thugs Mace. After a fight in which several claimed. the Student Coalition Against Racism. appeared, wearing T-shirts inscribed people were injured, the demonstration At a news conference the same day, Messages of support were read from with the slogan "White Power" and the regrouped and proceeded as planned. Mayor Fred Hotheinz defended Lynn's Earl Emerua, Cleveland State student initials "KKK." Although the attack was shown that decision not to protect the demonstra­ government president; Dr. Nelson Pole, The goons attacked someone on the evening on Channel 11 television tion. assosiate professor of philosophy; and edge of the crowd, and security moni­ news, the police have yet to make a Several months ago, Klansmen Laurel Brumme~, chairperson of CSU tors responded. Three of the right­ single arrest of the right-wingers. This wearing hoods and sheets appeared Women's Liberation. wingers were reportedly hospitalized. is despite the fact that Scott Nelson, outside the Houston Socialist Workers Police then intervened and tried to local leader of the Klan, publicly party headquarters. Some brandished arrest some of the demonstrators, but stated, "I'm looking forward to the shotguns. The police later admitted then apparently decided to let the next time around when we can do that they knew about this attack in matter end there. better." advance also, but took no action to A similar attack occurred in Houston Sonny Carlisle, a spokesperson for prevent it.

THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 25 pressure mounted by the antiwar tried to argue that they were forgeries, Finally he found it: economics. 'You movement. The American public had even after a New York handwriting are now being trained to become the served notice on all branches of gov­ expert said that Nixon was not the one world's best-educated unemployed,' he Calendar ernment that it would not stand for who had signed them, that it was said. The line drew heavy applause." renewed escalation of U.S. interven­ probably . his secretary Rose Mary The Newsday article, along with an DENVER tion in Vietnam. article on Camejo that appeared in the CA18PAIGN RALLY. Speakers: Joyce Tally, Woods. The only response to that Denver SWP mayoral candidate; Jack Marsh, SWP Another item cleared up by the revelation was cynical laughter. Where New York Times, prompted dozens of candidate for Denver School Board; others. Fri., publication of the texts of two of were the eighteen-and·a-half-minute phone calls to Camejo's New York May 16. 7 p.m., social hour; 8 p.m., rally. 1203 Nixon's letters is the reason for Ford's gap,s? campaign headquarters. Many callers California St. Donation $2.50. Ausp: SWP '76 bizarre behavior in the final weeks Ford's attempt to continue the cover­ said they shared Camejo's ideas but Campaign Committee. For more information call (303) 266-9431. before Saigon's collapse. Ford kept up even after the letters were exposed hadn't realized there was a group that insisting in statement after statement merely showed how faithfully he was was doing anything about them. LOS ANGELES that the United States had "commit­ following the routine White House TEACH-IN ON SCHOOL DESEGREGATION. ments" in South Vietnam. He said that procedure-repeat the lie as long as Speakers: David Cunningham, member, L.A. City America's "credibility" would be possible. In this Ford lived up to the Council; Gilbert Garcia, Chicano professor recently fired at Cal. State; Henry Dotson, president, L.A. undermined if Congress refused to vote recommendation given him by Nixon: NAACP; and Charles Johnson, president, Southern for an additional $722 million in ". . . in turning over direction of the Calif. regional conference of NAACP. Mon., May 12, "emergency" military aid to Thieu and Government to Vice President Ford I ... bombing 8 p.m. Music Bldg., Aud. 124, Cal. State Univ. Ausp: for permission to use American troops. know, as I told the nation when I Continued from page 28 Student Coalition Against Racism. For more infor­ Congress, unwilling to · pour more mation call (213) 295-3648. nominated him for that office 10 Attorney Walter Heller. There they met millions down the rat hole in Saigon months ago, that the leadership of with Michael Kenny, an aide. NASHVILLE, TENN. and to OK the use of American troops, America will be in good hands." - Earlier, ACLU attorney Mark Rosen­ PROLETARIAN DICTATORSHIP AND THE especially with an election year com­ baum had written the U.S. attorney WITHERING AWAY OF THE STATE. Part of class ing up, claimed it couldn't understand series. Tues. May 13, 7:30 p.m. Room 203 Sarratt requesting a federal investigation of Student Center, Vanderbilt Univ. Admission free. the request. Just what "commitments" the bombing of the SWP campaign Ausp: YSA. For more information call (615) 383- was Ford talking about? headquarters on the basis of violation 2583. Hadn't Kissinger solemnly declared of federal civil rights statutes. at the time the Paris accords were Heller had responded that the bom­ SAN FRANCISCO signed: "There are no secret under­ ... Camejo CINEMA AND REVOLUTION. Panel of Bay Area bing was under activeinvestigation by film makers. Fri., May 16, 8 p.m. 1519 Mission St. standings"? How could Washington's Continued from page 9 the Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Donation: $1. Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more "credibility" be affected? This of supporters who distributed Camejo's division of the Treasury Department information call (415) 864-9174. course was precisely the question Ford statement, as well as the Spanish and that the investigation was suffi­ could not answer in public, as every edition of his campaign platform, "A ciently broad in scope to cover possible important figure in Congress undoubt­ Bill of Rights for Working People." civil rights violations. edly already knew. Camejo's news release on the Domin­ At the meeting, Kenny reiterated Ford could only repeat the lie that a ican /activities was reprinted in El that the federal probe was being stepped-up flow of weapons would help Diario, New York's most widely circu­ actively pressed. He said he would ... Vietnam stabilize the Saigon regime. lated Spanish-language newspaper. check with the agencies involved, and Continued from page 5 Even after Hung released the two Another newspaper that gave major it was agreed that the delegation issue of Time magazine. letters, the White House continued to coverage to Camejo's New York tour would return in two days for a progress According to Time, Nixon had de­ deny that any secret "commitments" was Newsday, Long Island's major report. cided in April 1973 to order bombing had been made to Thieu. On the day of daily. Newsday reporter Ernest Volk­ (In the meeting, the delegation also raids against Khe Sanh in the liberat­ Hung's news conference, Press Secre­ man accompanied Camejo as he cam­ expressed concern for the safety of ed area and "possibly against the tary Ron Nessen blandly repeated paigned at a Manhattan unemploy­ Willie Mae Reid, Socialist Workers North. The raids were to have been Ford's earlier statement that "nothing ment center and spoke at an outdoor vice-presidential nominee, who is due :p1ore intense than the Christmas 1972 was promised to Thieu in private that rally at Columbia University. The in Los Angeles for campaign appear­ bombings." wasn't said out loud." result was a feature-length article ances May 14. They were told that the "Mter Nixon had given his final, The White House appeared to be entitled "Spelling Socialist With Opti­ SWP should contact the Secret Service formal approval to resume the bomb­ arguing approximately as follows: mism." to arrange for protection.) ing, however, he learned that his Were the letters secret? Volkman noted that, because of the With the latest murderous attack, the counsel John Dean had begun to talk Yes, but they contained no "secret economic crisis, Camejo's criticisms of Political Rights Defense Fund said to the Watergate prosecutors. . . . agreements." the capitalist system are "beginning to special urgent efforts would be made to Loath to deal with simultaneous severe How is that possible? score some political points." He cited mobilize the broadest public demand criticism on two major fronts, he Well, there are public quotations Camejo's "powerful performances on that the bombers be put behind bars. rescinded his approval of the raids." from Nixon that go even further than speakers' platforms." Concerned individuals and organi­ This revelation, along with publica­ the language used in the letters to Volkman continues: "It is a style zations, locally and nationally, were tion of the letters, clears up a number Thieu. Therefore it is correct to say that was very evident during a recent urged to send messages to Mayor of points. For example, Thieu's refer­ that there were no "secret" agree­ appearance at Columbia University, Bradley calling for action against the ence in his resignation speech to ments. where an open-air rally was dampened terrorists. "untrustworthy" allies in the White Then why not make all the letters to by the chilly weather. About 150 Such messages should be sent to House meant the Pentagon's failure to Thieu public? students gathered as Camejo launched Mayor Tom Bradley, City Hall, Los return with B-52s. · No. That would destroy "confiden­ into a catalog of American social Angeles, California 90012. Copies That failure is ascribed to legislation tiality" of exchanges between govern­ ills. . . . Camejo talked about Viet­ should be sent to the Political Rights passed by Congress. But Congress ments. nam, racism, and a few other topics, Defense Fund, P.O. Box 57031, Los voted for the restrictions because of the Were the letters gen'!ine? No one looking for the key to the audience. Angeles, California 90057. Socialist Directory ARIZONA: Tucson: YSA, c/o Glennon, S.U.P.O. SWP and YSA, P.O. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. 30301. Labor Bookstore, 25 University Ave. S.E., Mpls., PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State Box 20965, Tucson, Ariz. 85720. Tel: (404) 523-o610. Minn. 55414. Tel: (612) 332-7781. College, Edinboro, Pa. 16412. CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, ILLINOIS: Champaign: YSA, Room 284 lllini Union, MISSOURI: St. Louis: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Books, Philadelphia: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Bookstore, 1849 University Ave., Berkeley, Calif. 94703. Tel: Urbana, Ill. 61801. 4660 Maryland, Suite 17, St. Louis, Mo. 63108. 1004 Filbert St. (one block north of Market). (415) 548-Q354. Chicago: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Books, 428 S. Tel: (314) 367-2520. Philadelphia, Pa. 19107. Tel: (215) WA5-4316. Los Angelas, Central-East: SWP, YSA, Militant Wabash, Fifth Floor, Chicago, Ill. 60605. Tel: NEW JERSEY: New Brunswick: YSA, c/o Richard Pittsburgh; SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Press, 3400 Fifth Bookstore, 710 S. Westlake Ave., Los Angeles, SWP-(312) 939-0737, YSA-(312) 427-0280, Ariza, 515 S. First Ave., Highland ·Park, N.J. Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15213. Tel: (412) 682-5019. Calif. 90057. Tel: SWP, Militant Bookstore-(213) Pathfinder Books-(312) 939-0756. 08904. Tel: (210) 828-4710. Shippensburg: YSA, c/o Mark Dressier, Box 214 483-1512, YSA-(213) 483-2581. INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, c/o Spencer Livingston, Lackhove Hall, Shippensburg State College, Los Angeles, West Side: SWP and YSA, 230 Desk, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. 317 State St., Albany, N.Y. 12210. Shippensburg, Pa. 17257. Broadway, Santa Monica, Calif. 90401. Tel: (213) 47401. Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at State College: YSA, 333 Logan Ave. #401, State - 394-9050. Indianapolis: YSA, c/o Carole McKee, 1309 E. Willoughby), Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212) 596- College, Pa. 16801. Los Angeles: City-wide SWP and YSA, 710 S. West­ Vermont St., Indianapolis, Ind. 46202. Tel: (317) 2849. TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, P.O. Box 67, Station lake Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90057. Tel: (213) 637-1105. New York City: City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 B, Nashville, Tenn. 37235. Tel: (615) 383-2583. 483-Q357. KANSAS: Lawrence: YSA, c/o Christopher Starr, Broadway (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. TEXAS: Austin: YSA, c/o Arnold Rodriguez, 901 Riverside: YSA, c/o U. of Cal. Campus Activities, 3020 Iowa St., Apt. C-14, Lawrence, Kans. 66044. 10003. Tel: (212) 982-4966. Morrow, Apt. 303, Austin, Tex. 78757. 234 Commons, Riverside, Calif. 92507. Tel: (913) 864-3975 or 842-8658. Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore. Dallas: YSA, c/o Steve Charles, 3420 Hidalgo #201, Sacramento: YSA,· P.O. Box 20669, Sacramento, KENTUCKY: Louisville: YSA, Box 8026, Louisville, 706 Broadway (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, Dallas, Tex. 75220. Tel: (214) 352-6031. Calif. 95824. Ky. 40208. N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) 982-6051; Merit Houston: SWP, YSA, and Pathfinder Books, 3311 San Diego: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 4635 MARYLAND: Baltlmor1e: YSA, P.O. Box 4314, Books (212) 982-5940. Montrose, Houston, Tex. 77006. Tel: (713) 526- El Cajon Blvd., San Diego, Calif. 92115. Tel: (714) Baltimore, Md. 21223. Tel: (301) 247-8911. Upper West Side: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Bookstore, 1082. 280-1292. 2726 Broadway (104th St.), New York, N.Y. San Antonio: YSA, c/o Andy Gonzalez, 2203 W. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, MASSACHUSETTS: Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o 10025.Tel: (212) 663-3000. Houston, San Antonio, Tex. 78207. and Militant Books, 1519 Mission St., San Militant Labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., Third Ossining: YSA, c/o Scott Cooper, 127-1 S. Highland UTAH: Logan: YSA, P.O. Box 1233, Utah State Francisco, Calif. 94103. Tel: SWP-(415) 431- Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 482- Ave., Ossining, N.Y. 10562. University, Logan, Utah 84321. 8918; YSA-(415) 883-2285; Militant Books-(415) 8050, YSA-(617) 482-8051; Issues and Activists NORTH. CAROLINA: Greenville: YSA, P.O. Box WASHINGTON, D.C.: SWP, YSA, Militant Book­ 864-9174. Speakers' Bureau (IASB) and Regional 1693, Greenville, N.C. 27834. Tel: (919) 752-6439. store, 1345 E St. N.W., Fourth Floor, Wash., D.C. San Jose: YSA, 96 S. 17th St., San Jose, Calif. Committee-(617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books­ OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, P.O. Box 27, University 20004. Tel: SWP-(202) 783-2391; YSA-(202) 95112. Tel: (408) 286-0615. (617) 3313-8560. Hall, Bowling· Green State University, Bowling 783-2363. 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26 NEW YORK CITY------, ·International Days of with Palestine Voice your solidarity with Palestinian national rights! Voice your solidarity with political prisoners in Israeli and Jordanian prisons! SOLIDARITY NIGHT. Eve1ynRe Thurs., May 15, 8 p.m. Program includes PLO spokespersons, film, and culture. lnt'l Affairs Bldg. auditorium, Columbia U. (118 St. & Amsterdam Ave.) DEMONSTRATION. Sun., May 18, 2 p.m. Dag Hammarskjold Plaza,(First Ave. & 47 St.) March to Israeli and Jordanian consulates.

Organized by Palestinian Information Committee. Endorsers include: African Information Service, Comm. for a Progressive Mov't., Congress of African People, Eritreans for Liberation, 'Guardian,' Liberation Support Mov't., Iranian Students Assoc., National Anti-Imperialist Mov't, October League, Prairie Fire, Puerto Rican Socialist party, Socialist Workers party, United Black Workers, Vietnam Veterans Against the War/Winter Soldier Organization, War Tax Resistance-N.Y. office, West Side Marxist Center, Young Socialist Alliance, Youth Against War & Fascism. ·

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The issues The Meaning ol in Boston The Racist Offensive Against Busing: lhe Vietnam The Lessons of Boston; How to Fight Back by Willie Mae Reid, Peter Camejo, and others. 50 cents Evelyn Reed takes us on a million-year expedition through Accords prehistory from cannibalism to culture- and uncovers the Who Killed Jim Crow? The story of world of the ancient matriarchy. Tracing the origins of the the civil rights movement and Its "incest taboo," blood rites, marriage and the family, she re­ bY Bam Sheppard lessons for today by Peter Camejo. 60 veals the leading role women once played. By pinpointing cents. the relatively recent factors that led to patriarchal domina­ and Dick Robarts From Mississippi to Boston: The tion, she offers a fresh insight into the issues raised by to­ demand for troops to enforce civil day's feminist movement- and refutes the myth lhat "human 25C rights. An Education for Socialists nature" is to blame for the male supremacy, greed, wars, bulletin. 75 cents. and inequalities of modern society. 512 pp., $15.00, paper PATHFINDER PRESS $4.95 410 West St., New York, N.Y. Order from: Pathfinder Press, 410 10014. West St., New York, N.Y. 10014. ' PATHFINDER PRESS, INC. 410 West St., New York, N.Y. 10014 Read the Young Help sell Socialist The Militant Join the Young The socialist Socialist newsweekly Alliance Join Tne Militanfs sales campaign by taking a regular bundle to sell on your Members of the Young Socialist Alliance are fighters in the struggle against racism in campus, at your job, or in your neighborhood. The cost is 17 cents per copy, Boston, campus and high school struggles, the women's liberation movement, the fight of Chicanos to end racist deportations,. and other movements for social change. Join us! and we will bill you at the end of each month. Send me a bundle of__ _ __ I would like more information about the YSA I want to take a weekly sales goal of ___ __ I want to join the YSA __Enclosed is $1 for 6 months of the Young Socialist newspaper

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THE MILITANT/MAY 16, 1975 27 ·THE MILITANT

New rightist g hits L.A. socialists By Harry Ring Donald Freed; and Jan Tucker, Los LOS ANGELES-Encouraged by Angeles chairperson of the Peace and police inaction, right-wing terrorists Freedom party. have carried out a new bomb attack on The delegation met with James the Socialist Workers party. Scott, an aide to Bradley. Although A pipe bomb was hurled at the there have been a dozen bombings in Westside campaign headquarters of the city in the past three months, Scott the party in Santa Monica about 12:30 told the delegation he didn't really a.m., May 2. Luckily, it exploded in know much about it. But, he said, he midair and there were no injuries to was confident the police were doing the campaign workers still in the their job. building or damage to the headquar­ He asked the delegation to under­ ter~. stand that while there was an investi­ On February 4 a fragmentation gation, each new bombing complicated bomb was exploded at the party's the situation and therefore the investi­ Central-East campaign headquarters, gation took longer. doing extensive damage. Queried about a promised report on Nazis boasted publicly of that at­ the bombings that was to have been tack, and the police have refused to act submitted by the police commission in against them. According to the Asso­ mid-March, Scott said such a report ciated Press, an exile Cuban counterre­ had been prepared, but because of volutionary group calling itself "Cu­ continuing bombings the report had to ban Action Commandos" has taken Picket line at hearing on police spying demands cops arrest right-wing be scrapped. He didn't say when it credit for the latest bombing. bombers in Los Angeles. For story on hearings, see page 24. would be ready. Although it was past midnight, While the city hall meeting produce~ about ten campaign activists were still little in the way of establishing that working in the headquarters when A Socialist Workers campaign re­ exploded in midair. the administration is doing anything they heard and felt the impact of a presentative requested that they sum­ With the building lit up at the time meaningful to halt the bombings, it did loud explosion and then saw heavy mon the bomb squad. The cops refused and clearly occupied, it was plain that help to inform the public of that black smoke outside the windows. to do this, saying that since they had whoever. threw the bomb was intent reality. They immediately evacuated the found nothing, there was no basis for not on "harassment," but murder. Two TV stations covered the meeting building. A Santa Monica cop who had such a request. On May 5 a delegation went to the and then interviewed the participants heard the blast and had seen the The next day, campaign activists office of Mayor Tom Bradley to de­ when it ended. smoke a couple of blocks away arrived searched the roof by daylight. They mand that now, with this latest terror­ The previous day, another statiol} on the scene at the same time. found an exploded pipe bomb. It was ist attack, his administration finally featured the new bomb attack on its Additional police were summoned . about eight inches long and almost take action. nightly news program, interviewing and they made a search of the build­ two inches in diameter. The delegation included American the person who found the bomb on the ing, including the roof. The police were summoned again. Civil Liberties Union attorney Allan roof and recapitulating the facts of the They found nothing and said they They described it as a sulfate bomb. Cohen; Jeff Berchenko, SWP city earlier attacks. were filing a report that what had been They indicated that the occupants council candidate; Andrea Baron and Mter the city hall meeting, the exploded was "a large firecracker, escaped inj~ry and the building was Steve Schmuger of the Los Angeles delegation went to the office of U.S. designed to harass." undamaged because the bomb had Political Rights Defense Fund; writer Continued. on page 26 Joan Little wins new trial site By Cindy Jaquith surrounded by other rural communities all the death-row prisoners in the A major victory has been won in the in Beaufort County. Blacks in the · country. Joan Little case. On May 1, Judge county are outnumbered 2 to 1. Miller stressed that activities aimed Henry McKinnon ordered the murder Surveys entered as evidence by the at getting out the facts on Little's case trial of the young Black woman move<;~.· defense showed that the attitudes are very important now. "We're trying from Washington, North Carolina, to among white residents of the county to get as many people as possible to Raleigh. . are more racist and conservative than become aware of what's going on," he Defense attorneys had argued in in other parts of the state. "The said. pretrial hearings that Little could not surveys asked questions like, 'Do you The wide publicity already focused receive a fair trial in Washington, think people on welfare get too much on the case, particularly in the Black where she is accused of murdering a money?' and 'Do you feel that Black communities, helped win a change in sixty-two-year-old white jailer, Clar­ people are more dishonest?' " explained the trial site, Miller believes. "When­ ence Alligood, in August 1974. defense attorney Marvin Miller. ever there's a large number of peo­ Little was imprisoned in the Beau­ ple showing their concern, it always fort County jail at the time. She says The defense also demonstrated that helps, it makes a difference," he said. that Alligood entered her cell with an the county's jury selection method ex­ Numerous benefits, rallies, forums, ice pick and tried to rape her. She cludes many Blacks. and marches have been held in Little's stabbed him with the pick and fled. In the Raleigh area there are greater behalf since her arrest last fall. The numbers of Blacks and students, National Student Coalition Against As defense attorneys established at which will make it easier to mobilize Racism has been among the groups the hearings, Alligood's death met support for Little. active in defending Little. with a sensationalist, racist campaign The trial will probably not begin On April 28, NSCAR cosponsored a by Beaufort County media. Television before July 4, according to Miller. picket line in Boston with the Joan cameras zeroed in on Alligood's body Despite the more favorable trial site, Little Defense Fund, Incorporated, and being wheeled out of the jail, while the Little still faces the charge of first­ other groups, demanding "Free Joan Washington Daily News praised Alli­ degree murder, which in North Caroli­ Little!" Joining the picket line were good as "a man who gave his life in na carries a mandatory death penalty. Florence Luscomb, well-known wom­ th€ line of duty," failing· to even State authorities appear determined to en's suffrage leader, and Norman mention his rape attack against Little. add Little to North Carolina's death Oliver, Socialist Workers party candi­ Joan Little's trial has been moved to Washington is a town of abou~ 8,000, row, which already houses one-third of date for mayor of Boston. Raleigh, North Carolina.