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Point Instructions and Explanations for the Geplogic Excursions.The Listing

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Point Instructions and Explanations for the Geplogic Excursions.The Listing DOCUMENT RESUME ED 093 604 SE 017 0.15 AUTHOR Kittleman, Laurence R. TITLE Guide to the Geology of the Owyhee Region of Oregon. INSTITUTION Oregon Univ., Eugene. Museum of Natural History. PUB DATE Sep 73 NOTE 71p.; Bulletin No. 21 AVAILABLE FROM University of Oregon, Museum of Natural History, Eugene, Oregon 97403 ($2.50) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.75 HC-$3.15 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS *Archaeology; Bulletins; *Earth Science; Field Studies; *Geology; Instruction; Instructional Materials; Science Education IDENTIFIERS Natural History ABSTRACT In this bulletin a detailed description pf a geologic region in Oregon is presented with numerous illustrations, both. plates and schematic diagrams. Maps of the region as well as maps of various excursions are included in the booklet. A geolcgic-time :unit table is presented covering the Cenozoic Era. Three excursions included side-trips are described in detail. Road logs give point. by point instructions and explanations for the geplogic excursions.The maps show routes, stops made, and important geographic details. Mileages are given to include accumulated mileage and distance between each station. A list of readings is presented as well ao a listing of geologic words and meanings. The bulletin ipclues a list of publications of the Museum of Natural History at the University of Oregon. (EB) JOHN DAY GUIDE TO T G OF THE OWYHEE REGION ONTARIO OF OREGON VALE by Laurence R. Kittieman US ULPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUC,.TION 6 WELFARE NAT ION4L INSTITUTE OF LDUCATION EllE.P4 E T,NO OJD A.1L. E. (L:vED RM -L Pk:',ON VIE:. QSOPNtONS ED DO N)1 CE!,54PILY PEP5E tO!5 TUTEOF El 17),)(711 ON Cy,rc.: CF POL BULLETIN No. 21 of the MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon September 1973 The Bulletin of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Oregonis published to increase the knowledge and understanding of the natural history of Oregon. Original articlesin the fields of Archaeology, Botany, Ethnology, Geology, Paleontology,and Zoology appear irregularly in consecutively numbered issues. Contributions arise primarilyfrom the research programs and collections of the Museum of Natural History and the Oregon State Museum of Anthropology. However, in keeping with the basicpurpose of the publication, contributions are not restricted to these sources and are both technical and popular in character. DAVID L. COLE, Acting Director LAURENCE R. KITTLEMAN, Editor Museum of Natural History University of Oregon Communications concerning manuscripts and purchase of copies of the Bulletin should be addressed to the Museum of Natural History, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403. A list of previous issues of the Bulletin is printed inside the back cover. GUIDE TO THE GEOLOGY OF THE OWYHEE REGION OF OREGON GUIDE TO THE GEOLOGY OF THE OWYHEE REGION OF OREGON by. LAURENCE R. KITTLEMAN Bulletin No. 21 Museum of Natural History University of Oregon Eugene,. Oregon September 1973 To J. ARNOLD SHOTWELL, my teacher, colleague, and friend. CONTENTS Introduction Road-Logs 9 Introduction 9 Excursion A. Burns to Vale 9 Side-Trip Ai to Drewsey 11. Side-Trip Air to Harper Basin and Westfall 99 Side-Trip Ani to Cottonwood Basin 22 Excursion B. Owyhee Reservoir 29 Side-Trip Bi to Tunnel Canyon ar33 Excursion C. Succor Creek Canyon 47 Side-Trip CI to Leslie Gulch 56 List of Readings 59 Meanings of Geologic Words 59 LISTOF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES 12.Grassy Mountain and Drip I. Owyhee Reservoir near Springs Formations in Cottonwood Basin 28 the Dam_ 93 II. Elbow Gulch and Owyhee 13.Stone House in Vale 29 14.Mitchell Butte Reservoir from the Air 26 --_--_--- 32 III. Succor Greek Gorge from 15.Irrigation Siphon in the North Owyhee Canyon 33 16.Owyhee Canyon at the IV. Leslie Gulch 34. Steel Bridge_ 35 Owyhee Basalt in FIGURES Owyhee Canyon 35 L Sequence of Layered Rocks 18.Abandoned Railway Tunnel in the Owyhee Region 6 in Owyhee Canyon . 36 2.Relations among Formations 19.The Eggbeater 36 in the Owyhee Region . 7 20.Flow-Layering in Rhyolite 3.Site of Fort Harney _ I I at Owyhee Dam 37 4.Western Juntura Basin 13 21.Owyhee Dam from the Air 38 5. Town of Drewsey . 1.5 22.Flow-Layering in Cliff 6.Minor Fault in the Opposite Owyhee Darn 39 Juntura Formation _ 23.Gloryhole Spillway at 7.Malheur Valley near Juntura_.18 Owyhee Dam 4.0 8.Dinner Creek Ash-Flow Tuff. 1.9 24.Owyhee Basalt Overlying 9.Malheur Canyon near Sucker Creek Formation Jonesboro . _ . 24 near Owyhee Dam _ 40 1.0.Bully Creek Formation 25Basaltic Dike near Owyhee Dam 41. in Harper Basin 27 26.Basaltic Dikes along the 1.1.Structural Relations of Rocks Shore of Owyhee Reservoir 42 in Cottonwood Basin _ . 28 27. Owyhee Reservoir from the Air.. 43 28. Ledge of Rhyolite across from MAPS McCormack State Park__ 44. 1.General Map of the 29.Cliff of Owyhee Basalt Owyhee Region 2 near Owyhee Dam 46 2.Route-Map for Excursion A 30.Hills of Sucker Creek Formation Burns to Vale 17 in Succor Creek Valley _ _.. 50 3.Route-Map for Excursion B to 31. Lower Succor Creek Valley._____51 Owyhee Reservoir and Excur- 32.Oviyhee.Ridge from the Air 52 33. Three Fingers Butte from sion C to Succor Creek Canyon__ 48 the Air 53 34..Diagram of Succor Creek TABLE Valley in Cross-Section 54 1.Geologic-Time Units of the 35.Overhanging Cliff in Succor Cenozoic Era . Creek Gorge_ 55 36.Aerial View of Succor Creek Gorge 56 Published with the financial assistance of the Office of Scientific and Scholarly Research in the Graduate School of the University of Oregon 1 GUIDE TO THE GEOLOGY OF THE OWYHEE REGION OF OREGON by BEST COPY AVAILABLE LAURENCE R. KITTLEMAN INTRODUCTION The Owyhee region is an area of no exactbrush, the plant by which the habitat is known boundaries in southeastern Oregon, within the--the high sage desert. drainage basins of the Malheur and Owyhee On a summer day, the desert seems to be rivers, both tributaries of the Snake River,poor in animal life. Carrion-eating birds and which forms part of the border between Ore-birds of prey are seen in the sky, and there are gon and Idaho (Map 1) . The region is a landflying insects, but on the ground only lizards of plateaus cut by deep canyons. Elevationsand ground squirrels are active when the sun is range from 2].00 feet above sea-level, wherehigh. The desolation is only apparent, for many the Malheur River enters the Snake, to 6500inhabitants seek shelter during the heat of the feet, at the top of Mahogany Mountain (Mapday, because they depend solely on the water 3). Average yearly moisture is 10 inches ofin their food, or else drink seldom from scarce water, which falls mainly in the winter, andsources of water. These animals escape drying extremes of temperature range from about 30or overheating by burrowing underground or degrees Fahrenheit on winter nights to 1 00 °Fby resting in the shade of plants. Those that live or more on summer afternoons. This climateabove ground are seen only when they are dis- may seem harsh, but in ways it is a part of theturbed, as when a jackrabbit is flushed from attractiveness of the region. The air is dry andits shady refuge or when a rattlesnake is made clear, and is filled by the smell of sun-bakedto buzz by a footstep too close to where itis sage. Many people enjoy the daily round ofcoiled beneath a ledge. Animals of the desert temperatures, which in summer may go from aare active during the cooler times of day, when brisk 40°F at dawn to a roasting 100°F atthey leave their hiding places to hunt or forage. noon. From late June until October, sunshineCome twilight, bats and nighthawks feed on is nearly unfailing, and the deep-blue sky, per-flying insects. Owls and rattlesnakes begin their haps with perfect fluffy white clouds, inviteshunt for rodentsthe pocket mice, deer mice, color photography of the region's fine scenery.jumping mice, harvest mice, and kangaroo rats. Climate is the main regulator of the vegetationTravelers in the desert who make camp or oc- that marks the region as a desert and contrib-cupy an abandoned building for the night may utes to its stark beauty. bevisited, sometimes totheir dismay, by The conspicuous plants of the Owyhee re-skunks, wood rats, or racoons. The yapping of gion are big sagebrush. cheat grass, and shad- coyotes is a usual and pleasant sound of the scale. Rahbitbrush grows in moist places, andnight. Those who travel just after dawn are juniper and mountain mahogany growatlikely to be rewarded by the sight of a herd of higher elevations. The dominant form is sage-pronghorns, surprised while grazing in a 1101- 2 BULLETIN, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF OREGON No. 21 -;-- ONTARIO 0 1 0 Westfal I VALE ,,0 --;,. Harper ' /9/4.. INYSA co Drewsey Juntura t BURNS Ac)\ Homedale BOISE 1/4 e, d &.' O q,, .,= , .,, ( zIEi * , MalheurLake . ___J Groc, a< * Harney Lake 1 N . (z) Jordan Va I ley q o L__ = 20 MILES Rome cc a o o 0 Map 1.General map of the Owyhee region. low. These animals, capable of 50- miles -an-action daily or can be reasonably understood hour sprints, show their white rump patches tofrom events that have been witnessed. There is any human intruder and quickly disappearno need to appeo l to fantastic happenings, and over the nearest ridge, sometimes pausing tothe most spectacular events, volcanic eruptions, look curiously hack from the safety of a half-for example, are no less spectacular if their mile distance.
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