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Pljevlja 2018 STRATEŠKA PROCJENA UTICAJA NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU PLANA RAZVOJA ŠUMA ZA ŠUMSKO PODRUČJE PLJEVLJA 2018. – 2027. Podgorica, septembar, 2020. godine 1 Nosilac pripreme Plana: Ministarstvo poljoprivrede i ruralnog razvoja Crne Gore Obrađivač Izvještaja o strateškoj procjeni uticaja na životnu sredinu: EcoEnergy Consulting doo, Podgorica; adresa: Nova 7, ulaz 2, stan 3 Zagorič; PIB: 03250237. Stručni tim: Marjana Kaluđerović, vođa tima i koordinator Maša Vučinić, diplomirani biolog Slobodan Stijepović, diplomirani inžinjer šumarstva Aleksandra Raičković, diplomirani biolog Danilo Barjaktarović, diplomirani ekonomista Pravni osnov: Zakon o strateškoj procjeni uticaja na životnu sredinu ("Sl. list RCG", br. 80/05 od 28.12.2005 i "Sl. list Crne Gore", br. 73/10 od 10.12.2010, 40/11 od 08.08.2011, 59/11 od 14.12.2011 i 52/16) 2 SADRŽAJ: I KRATAK PREGLED SADRŽAJA I GLAVNIH CILJEVA PLANA I ODNOS PREMA DRUGIM PLANOVIMA I PROGRAMIMA ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1. Planirane aktivnosti i ciljevi Plana razvoja šuma za šumsko područje Pljevlja ................. 5 1.2. Analiza gazdovanja šumama u predhodnom periodu................................................................. 13 1.3. Odnos sa drugim planovima i programi ............................................................................................ 13 1.3.1. Strategija sa planom razvoja šuma i šumarstva 2014. – 2023. ...................................... 13 1.3.2. Prostorni plan Crne Gore (PPCG) ................................................................................................. 14 1.3.3. Nacionalnom strategijom održivog razvoja do 2030. ........................................................ 17 1.3.4. Druga nacionalna strategija biodiverziteta s Akcionim planom 2016-2020. ......... 17 1.3.5. Nacionalna strategija u oblasti klimatskih promjena do 2030. godine ..................... 18 1.3.6. Strategija upravljanja vodama Crne Gore ................................................................................ 18 1.3.7. Program razvoja lovstva 2014-2024 .......................................................................................... 18 1.3.8. Strategija razvoja turizma u Crnoj Gori do 2020. ................................................................. 19 1.3.9. Prostorno urbanistički plan Opštine Pljevlja ......................................................................... 19 1.4. OSTALA VAŽEĆA PLANSKA DOKUMENTACIJA NA TERITORIJI ZAHVATA PLANA ...... 21 II OPIS POSTOJEĆEG STANJA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE I NJENOG MOGUĆEG RAZVOJA, UKOLIKO SE PLAN NE REALIZUJE ...................................................................................................................................................... 22 2.1. Geološke karatkteristike ........................................................................................................................... 22 2.2. Geomorfološke odlike terena .................................................................................................................. 25 2.3. Hidrološke odlike terena ........................................................................................................................... 27 2.4. Hidrološke pojave ......................................................................................................................................... 29 2.5. Smjerovi kretanja podzemnih voda i hidrološka razvođa ........................................................ 31 2.6. Hidrološke karakteristike .............................................................................................................................. 33 2.6. Seizmološke karakteristike ...................................................................................................................... 35 2.9. Pedološke karakteristike ................................................................................................................................ 37 2.10. Klima ..................................................................................................................................................................... 39 2.10.1. Klimatski parametri ................................................................................................................................... 40 2.11. Pejzažne vrijednosti ....................................................................................................................................... 43 2.12. Pregled zaštićenih objekata i dobara kultirno-istorijske baštine ............................................ 45 2.13. Spomenici kulture I kategorije ................................................................................................................. 45 2.14. Spomenici kulture II kategorije ................................................................................................................ 46 2.15. Evidentirani spomenici kulture................................................................................................................ 47 2.16. Naseljenost i koncentracija stanovništa............................................................................................... 47 2.17. Flora i Fauna ...................................................................................................................................................... 49 2.18. Opis mogućeg razvoja stanja životne sredine, ukoliko se Plan ne realizuje ................ 56 III IDENTIFIKACIJU PODRUČJA ZA KOJA POSTOJI MOGUĆNOST DA BUDU IZLOŽENE ZNAČAJNOM RIZIKU I KARAKTERISTIKE ŽIVOTNE SREDINE U TIM PODRUČJIMA ..................... 57 3 IV POSTOJEĆI PROBLEMI ............................................................................................................................................ 60 V OPŠTI I POSEBNI CILJEVI ZAŠTITE ŽIVOTNE SREDINE .......................................................................... 68 5.1. Metodološki pristup .................................................................................................................................... 68 5.2. Ciljevi zaštite životne sredine ...................................................................................................................... 68 VI MOGUĆE ZNAČAJNE POSLJEDICE PO ZDRAVLJE LJUDI I ŽIVOTNU SREDINU ............................ 70 VII MJERE PREDVIĐENE U CILJU SPRJEČAVANJA, SMANJENJA ILI OTKLANJANJA NEGATIVNOG UTICAJA NA ZDRAVLJE LJUDI I ŽIVOTNU SREDINU ....................................................... 75 VIII PREGLED RAZLOGA KOJI SU POSLUŽILI KAO OSNOVA ZA IZBOR PLANA SA ASPEKTA RAZMATRANIH VARIJANTNIH RJEŠENJA ........................................................................................................... 80 IX PRIKAZ MOGUĆIH ZNAČAJNIH PREKOGRANIČNIH UTICAJA NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU ............ 81 X OPIS PROGRAMA PRAĆENJA STANJA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE, UKLJUČUJUĆI I ZDRAVLJE LJUDI U TOKU I NAKON REALIZACIJE PLANA (MONITORING) ................................................................................. 81 XI ZAKLJUČAK ................................................................................................................................................................... 85 XII REZIME.......................................................................................................................................................................... 88 4 I KRATAK PREGLED SADRŽAJA I GLAVNIH CILJEVA PLANA I ODNOS PREMA DRUGIM PLANOVIMA I PROGRAMIMA 1.1. Planirane aktivnosti i ciljevi Plana razvoja šuma za šumsko područje Pljevlja Prema Nacionalnoj šumarskoj politici upravljanja šumom i šumskim zemljištem (2008), planiranje se vrši na četiri teritorijalna nivoa, od kojih je jedan šumsko područje (opština) za koje se izrađuje plan razvoja šuma. Plan razvoja šuma je planski dokument čiji je sadržaj i način donošenja propisan čl.13 ZOŠ ( Sl.list 74/10 i 47/15). Plan razvoja šuma predstavlja novi planski dokument, koji po funkciji zamjenjuje opštu osnovu gazdovanja šumama. U sistemu planiranja, plan razvoja šuma je veza između strategije razvoja šumarstva i programa gazdovanja šumama za gazdinsku jedinicu. Strategijom se utvrđuju ciljevi i smjernice za razvoj šuma i šumarstva u skladu sa nacionalnom politikom na nivou države, a planom razvoja šuma bliže se razrađuju za šumsko područje. Šumsko područje Pljevlja obuhvata sve šume na teritoriji opštine Pljevalja, bez obzira na vlasništvo. Raniji planski dokument na nivou područja bila je opšta šumskoprivredna osnova. Za šume opštine Pljevlja, koje su zajedno sa šumama opštine Žabljak, činile Pljevaljsko- Žabljačko šumskoprivredno područje, rađene su tri opšte šumskoprivredne osnove za periode: 1972 – 1981, 1989 – 1998. i 1999-2008. godina. Opština Pljevlja se nalazi u planinskom pojasu krajnjeg sjevernog dijela Crne Gore. Prostirući se u pravcu sjeverozapad-jugoistok (dužine oko 60 km, širine oko 25 km vazdušne linije), zahvata površinu od 1346 km², što čini 10 % od ukupne teritorije Crne Gore. Opština se nalazi između 43°04´ i 43°33´ sjeverne geografske širine, odnosno između 18°55´ i 19°34´ istočne geografske dužine, prosječne nadmorske visine između 1000 i 1200 m. Pripada području visokih planina među kojima dominiraju Ljubišnja 2238 mnv, Obzir 1869 m, Bunetina 1838 mnv, Buren 1805 m, Lisac 1769 m, Stožer 1577 mnv, Ravna Gora 1554 mnv, Crni vrh 1540 mnv, Kovač 1532 mnv. Najviša tačka opštine je vrh Dernečište na Ljubišnji 2238 m, dok se najniža tačka nalazi u severozapadnom
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