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Virginia, Especially Richmond in By-Gone Days; with a Glance at the Present

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Virginia, Especially Richmond in By-Gone Days; with a Glance at the Present Library of Congress Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present RICHMOND IN BY-GONE DAYS; BEING REMINISCENCES OF An Old Citizen. 439 5?0 ? “HÆC OLIM MEMINISSE JUVABIT.” COPYRIGHT May 56 RICHMOND, VIRGINIA: PUBLISHED BY GEORGE M. WEST. 1856. F234 .R 5M8?. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1856, By George M. West, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Virginia. F23? .R5M8 King & Baird, Printers, No. 9 Sansom Street, Philadelphia. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Long Time Ago, 17 CHAPTER II. British Merchants, 25 CHAPTER III. Modern Antiquities, 33 CHAPTER IV. Main Street, 43 Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.02923 Library of Congress CHAPTER V. Broad Street, 51 CHAPTER VI. The Capitol and Square, 57 CHAPTER VII. Old Residences, 63 CHAPTER VIII. The Mayor, 107 vi CHAPTER IX. The Hay Scale War, 113 CHAPTER X. Two Parsons and Ne'er a Church, 117 CHAPTER XI. Cemeteries, 123 CHAPTER XII. Citizens of Yore, 125 CHAPTER XIII. Places of Amusement, 135 CHAPTER XIV. Places of Amusement, 141 CHAPTER XV. Places of Amusement, 149 CHAPTER XVI. Physicians, 153 CHAPTER XVII. Newspapers and Printers, 161 CHAPTER XVIII. Publicans and Patriots, 171 CHAPTER XIX. Races and Balls, 177 vii CHAPTER XX. Societies, 181 Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.02923 Library of Congress CHAPTER XXI. Evening Pastimes, 193 CHAPTER XXII. A Medley, 199 CHAPTER XXIII. Dentistry and Architecture, 205 CHAPTER XXIV. The Sharp Shin and Shin-plaster Currency, 209 CHAPTER XXV. The Flush Times in Richmond, 217 CHAPTER XXVI. The James River Canal, 233 CHAPTER XXVII. The Roads, 239 CHAPTER XXVIII. The Bridges and Manchester, 243 CHAPTER XXIX. The Mutual Assurance Society, 253 CHAPTER XXX. Manufactures and Mills, 259 viii CHAPTER XXXI. Tobacco Warehouses, 269 CHAPTER XXXII. The Washington Monument, 275 CHAPTER XXXIII. The Visit of Lafayette, 281 CHAPTER XXXIV. The Museum, 285 CHAPTER XXXV. Lotteries, 291 CHAPTER XXXVI. Church Conversions, 295 CHAPTER XXXVII. The Eagle, the Horse and the Tiger, 299 Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.02923 Library of Congress CHAPTER XXXVIII. Gas and Water. A Fish Story, 303 CHAPTER XXXIX. The Colored Aristocracy, 309 CHAPTER XL. Caret, 321 PREFACE. The unpretending character of this little book will probably disarm criticism, except from the attacks of such literary prowlers as make their assaults on the weakest, that they may be safe from resistance or retaliation. These reminiscences were commenced at a period of illness, to while away the tedium of a sick chamber, and would not have extended beyond the few pages thus penned to kill time, had not some friends urged the extension of them, to serve as a slight memorial of men and things and events, of which there were few or no records, and which must soon pass into oblivion if not rescued by one of the survivors of them. x The reader may doubt whether a large portion of the contents deserve to be thus rescued; and should this be the general opinion, its judgment will be carried into execution, by the book being consigned to the oblivion it merits. What portions of these reminiscences are to be ascribed to false impressions on the memory, I must refer to my cotemporaries, being unconscious of them myself. In old age, the memory like the sight, discerns remote objects, while those which are near become indistinct, or imperceptible. But the imagination sometimes plays tricks with both. Memory becomes so strongly impressed with what it had frequently heard or frequently narrated, as to convert legends into facts, and phantoms into realities; and the eye is also deceived by outlines and shadows, into seeing objects which have neither form nor substance— Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.02923 Library of Congress “Giving to airy nothings a local habitation and a name.” The writer trusts that there is nothing in these pages to hurt the feelings or wound xi the susceptibilities of any one living person mentioned, or of the descendants of one; he can conscientiously assert that there is no such intention, and express his regret if his motives should be misinterpreted. P. S.—When the following pages were penned, the writer had not seen the volume published a few years ago, entitled “History of Richmond, by Dr. John P. Little;” and having not yet perused it regularly, he is unconscious of any encroachments on the Doctor's manor, and he will be the first probably to exculpate the writer from any such charge. The Doctor's work appears to be one of historical research, to which this lays no claim. March, 1856. INTRODUCTION. It may not be amiss to prefix to these Recollections of the City of Richmond, a short notice of its origin. The following extract from a manuscript volume of Col. Wm. Byrd, of Westover, the founder of the City, was written in the year 1733, in his journal. “Sept. 19, 1733.—When we got home we laid the foundation of two large cities, one at Shacco's, to be called Richmond, and the other at the falls of Appomattox river, to be named Petersburg. These Major Mayo offered to lay out into lots without fee or reward. The truth of it is, these two places being the uppermost landing of James and Appomattox rivers, are naturally intended for marts where the traffic of the outer inhabitants must centre. Thus we did not build castles only, but also cities in the air.” [The Westover Manuscripts, Petersburg.—Printed by Edmond and Julian Ruffin, 1841.] 2 14 Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.02923 Library of Congress Peter Jones was one of the party embraced in the term “We,” and to him as the proprietor of the land, is Petersburg indebted for its name—not to Peter the Great. In the year 1742, the Assembly of Virginia passed “an act establishing the town of Richmond, in the county of Henrico, and allowing Fairs to be held therein” in the months of May and November, “on the lands of Wm. Byrd, Esq., at the Falls of James. river.” Shockoe's creek was the northern and eastern boundary. The river and a line therefrom along First street to the creek, (probably Bacon Branch) was the southern and western. In 1744, an act was passed to prohibit the building of wooden chimneys, “by reason of the imminent danger of fire.” In 1769, “an act for establishing towns at Rocky Ridge, (Manchester), at Gloucester Court House, and Layton's Ware House,” In 1779, “an act for the removal of the seat of government” to the town of Richmond— which includes a section authorising an enlargement of its limits by the addition of two hundred lots, or one hundred acres. In 1780, “an act for locating the public squares, to enlarge the town, and for other 15 purposes”—locates the Capitol, Halls of Justice, State House for Executive Boards, and a house for the Governor, on Shockœ Hill, and a Public Market below the hill, on the same side of the creek. “Thomas Jefferson, Archibald Cary, Robert Carter Nicholas, Richard Adams, Edmund Randolph, Turner Southall, Robert Goode, James Buchanan, and Samuel Du Vall, Esquires, were appointed to lay off in such form and of such dimensions as shall be convenient and requisite.” Two hundred more lots of a half acre each were added, and authority given to clear the navigation leading to Shockœ landing, “which was much obstructed of late by freshets, the natural course of the creek being altered, by which large banks of sand have been thrown up, which if not quickly removed, may render the Virginia, especially Richmond in by-gone days; with a glance at the present http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.02923 Library of Congress navigation to the upper landing useless,” i. e. the present site of the Gas Works, Carey street. In 1781, “an act to secure to persons who desire titles to lots, lands and tenements, under the Lottery, or under a Deed of Trust of the late William Byrd, Esq., a fee simple estate therein.” The Wm. Byrd here spoken of, was a son of the founder, and was as industrious in 16 spending a fortune, as his father had been in making one. The sale of lots in Richmond was perhaps not as rapid as his expenditures required, and from the recital in this act, it appears that in 1756 he made a lottery of lots in Richmond and Manchester, under the management of gentlemen named in the act, and he also appointed trustees to make deeds, (probably to the prize holders, though not so expressed). At the date of this act (1781) CHARLES CARTER was the only surviving trustee, and he was authorised by it to execute the deeds. In 1782, an act was passed which conferred on Richmond the title of City, and incorporated it as such. In 1788, the City was allowed a Representative in the House of Delegates. RICHMOND IN BY-GONE DAYS. CHAPTER I. LONG TIME AGO. “Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to min'? Should auld acquaintances be forgot, And days o'lang-syne?” THERE are few residents of Richmond whose reminiscence of its localities, &c., have a more remote retrospection than mine; impressed on my childhood, perhaps on my imagination; and as the latter may occasion.
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