Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8

Making Forest Connections: A Correlation of the Washington Forest Education K-12 Learning Framework with Other Educational Resources

Grades 6-8 The Washington Forest Education K-12 Learning Framework gives educators in our forest-rich state a strong foundation for incorporating forest and natural resources in their classrooms and programs and provides a conceptual framework for teaching about Washington ’s forests. This correlation document helps them further by identifying connections between each of the Washington Forest Framework’s 62 concepts and:

• Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) performance expectations • Project Learning Tree (PLT) activities • Pacific Education Institute Resources • Project WILD activities • Other resources

Forest Education Grades 6-8

Middle school students are gaining a deeper sense of themselves as members of communities – both human communities and natural communities. They are becoming aware of how people’s actions impact others, and friends and relationships consume a lot of their thought and energy.

Students this age understand that problems have multiple solutions and are able to see different perspectives on an issue. They should also be able to back up personal opinions with evidence and to distinguish between opinion and fact.

Forest education activities at the middle school level may focus on:

• What social, economic, and environmental benefits do forests provide? • How do human activities affect forests? • What can we do to protect Washington’s forests?

Forests can become a meaningful context for middle schoolers to design and conduct investigations, use evidence to analyze results, and examine issues from various perspectives. Activities such as these will help students gain a deeper appreciation of the interconnected relationships between people and the environment.

For more information about the forest learning framework by grade level, see the Washington Forest Education K-12 Learning Framework, available at https://pacificeducationinstitute.org .

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8

About the Resources

This document identifies connections between the Washington Forest Education Framework and the following resources for Grades 6-8.

NGSS Performance Expectations – NGSS standards identify expectations for what students should be able to do by the end of the year or grade band. These performance expectations also incorporate three dimensions of science: disciplinary core ideas, science and engineering practices, and cross-cutting concepts. For more information, see www.nextgenscience.org.

Pacific Education Institute (PEI) Resources – A variety of guides, lessons, and videos from PEI help to strengthen the Forest Education Framework. They provide information and learning activities to support K-12 teachers and their students in learning about forests. These include:

• PEI Guides activities • ELA Performance Tasks • Schoolyard Field Investigations • Forest of Washington Lessons • Career Cards • Healthy Forests Healthy Waters Curriculum • Solution Oriented Storylines • Project Learning Tree (PLT) extension

Resources available for download at https://pacificeducationinstitute.org/.

Project Learning Tree Activities – Relevant activities are identified from PLT’s PreK-8 Environmental Education Activity Guide and from the Tremendous Science! e-unit and Environmental Experiences for Early Childhood for Grades K-2. Bolded activities are the most relevant. Educators can receive these curriculum guides by attending a PLT professional development. For more details, contact the Pacific Education Institute.

Project WILD Activities – Relevant activities are identified from the Project WILD K-12 Curriculum and Activity Guide. Educators can receive this guide by attending a Project WILD workshop. For more details, contact the Pacific Education Institute.

Oregon Forest Resources Institute (OFRI) Materials – A variety of publications and videos from OFRI help to strengthen forest literacy. They provide information and learning activities to support K-12 teachers and their students in learning about the environment.

For more information on receiving these free resources go to: learnforests.org.

Acknowledgements This correlation was supported by a Project Learning Tree Model Program Initiative grant from the Sustainable Forestry Initiative. We appreciate the hard work of the Oregon Forest Resources Institute (OFRI) to create such valuable forest education resources and their generosity in sharing them with others to adapt and use. Thank you to Pat Otto, former PLT WA State Coordinator and PEI Education Manager for adapting these correlations for use by Washington educators. Her forest education expertise and work to create locally relevant materials is an invaluable resource and we are grateful.

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8

Theme 1: What is a Forest? Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Definition of a Forest 3-LS4-3. Construct an argument 4: Sounds Around Forests of Washington What’s That OFRI with evidence that in a particular 10: Charting Diversity Ecosystems Habitat? Explore the Forest 1. Forests are ecosystems characterized habitat some organisms can 12: Invasive Species 1. There’s no Place Like Into the Forest by a dominance of tree cover and the survive well, some survive less 20: Environmental Home Map that Habitat Sounds of the Forest presence of a wide variety of other well, and some cannot survive at Exchange Box 2. Getting to know the Forest Fact Breaks: organisms (e.g., other plants and all. 22: Trees as Habitat Trees of Washington Forest in a Jar Ecosystems animals). 23: The Fallen Log 3. Here’s Looking at Yew Tree Biology 2. Forests are comprised of trees that 29: Rain Reasons 4. Forest Homes Time Lapse may differ in species, age and size, and 41: How Plants Grow Other are affected by biotic factors (e.g., 48: Field, Forest, and Stream ELA Performance Tasks Raindrops and PLT Carbon & Climate plants, animals and humans) and abiotic 49: Tropical Treehouse Bioblitz Ranges (E-Unit for Grades 6-8) factors (e.g., soils, nutrients, moisture, 56: We Can Work It Out Invasive Plants sunlight and climate). 67: How Big Is Your Tree? 68: Name That Tree Guides 3. Urban forests include all the publicly 70: Soil Stories Field Investigations and privately owned trees within a city, 77: Trees in Trouble Schoolyard Biodiversity town, or suburb working together as an 78: Signs of Fall FieldDesign: Engineering ecosystem. Design for Field-Based Applications 6-12

Curriculum Healthy Forests, Healthy Waters

PLT Extensions www.pltwa.com Fallen Log Student Page Tree Abundance Field Investigation Trees as Habitats journal

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Trees as Part of the Forest MS-LS2-1. Analyze and interpret 4: Sounds Around Forests of Washington What’s That OFRI data to provide evidence for the 21: Adopt a Tree Ecosystems Habitat? Into the Forest 1. A tree is a woody perennial plant effects of resource availability 23: The Fallen Log 1. There’s no Place Like Forest Essays, Grade 6 usually 12 feet or more (4 meters or on organisms and populations of 26: Dynamic Duos Home Which Niche? Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 more) tall, with a single main stem and a organisms in an ecosystem. 27: Every Tree for Itself 2. Getting to know the Forest Fact Breaks: more or less distinct crown of leaves or 28: Air Plants Trees of Washington Environmental Tree Biology needles. 29: Rain Reasons 4. Forest Homes Barometer Carbon Capture 2. Trees have life stages that include 31: Plant a Tree Ecosystems germination, growth, maturity, 36: Pollution Search 41 ELA Performance Tasks Sustainability reproduction, decline and death. 40: Then and Now Climate Change, Carbon, and Water

41: How Plants Grow Trees Woody Biomass 3. As part of the forest ecosystem, trees 44: Water Wonders Carbon & Climate have various roles (e.g., supplying Bioblitz! 45: Web of Life Drinking Water oxygen, providing habitat, holding soil, Forest Benefits-5 50: 400- Acre Wood Inquiry at Hinkle Creek moderating temperature, capturing, and 63: Tree Factory storing carbon, and cycling water and Guides 64: Looking at Leaves Other nutrients). Field Investigations 65: Bursting Buds FieldDesign I-Tree: Tree Benefits 4. Trees compete with each other and 66: Germinating Giants Fostering Outdoor Observation www.treebenefits.com with other plants growing near them for 67: How Big Is Your Tree? Skills nutrients, sunlight, space 70: Soil Stories and water. 76: Tree Cookies Curriculum 77: Trees in Trouble 5. The health and wellness of trees in a Healthy Forests, Healthy 79: Tree Lifecycle forest ecosystem depend on and are Waters 88: Life on the Edge affected by many factors.

Solutions-Oriented Learning

Storyline MS- Forests: Carbon

Sequestration

PLT Extensions www.pltwa.com Every Tree for Itself Cards Tree Cookies Tree Bingo Fallen Log student page Forest Benefits student page Trees as Habitat and Tree Benefits Leaf as a System Tree Abundance Field Investigation

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Forests as Ecosystems MS-LS1-6. Construct a scientific 10: Charting Diversity Forests of Washington Limiting Factors OFRI explanation based on evidence 11: Can It Be Real? Ecosystems Forest Essays, Grade 6 1. Forest ecosystems consist of different for the role of photosynthesis in 12: Invasive Species 1. There’s no Place Like How Many Bears? Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 types of organisms (e.g. producers, the cycling of matter and flow of 16: Pass the Plants, Please Home Into the Forest consumers, and decomposers) and energy into and out of organisms. 18: Tale of the Sun 2. Getting to know the Tracks! Inquiry at Hinkle Creek (video) nonliving components (e.g. sunlight, soil, 20: Environmental Trees of Washington Forest Fact Breaks: minerals, and water) interacting within a MS-LS2-3. Develop a model to Exchange Box 3. Here’s Looking at Yew Oh Deer! Tree Biology given environment, space, and time. describe the cycle of matter and 21: Adopt a Tree 4. Forest Homes Carbon & Climate Graphananimal 2. Humans depend on and influence flow of energy among living and 22: Trees as Habitat 5. Come Grow with Us Carbon Capture non-living parts of an ecosystem. forest ecosystems and are themselves 23: The Fallen Log 6. Washington Forest Eco- Photosynthesis MS-LS2-4. Construct an argument What’s that Habitat? influenced by forest ecosystems. 24: Nature's Recyclers Connections Water supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical and 26: Dynamic Duos 7. Fire: Friend or Foe Which Niche? Fire 3. Forest ecosystems include 27: Every Tree for Itself 8: The Forest Flu Forest Types processes such as photosynthesis, biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. 28: Air Plants 9: Weather Waltzes with Urban Nature Drinking Water energy flow and the cycling of nutrients, 29: Rain Reasons the Forest Search Forest Fact Sheet: water, carbon, and other matter. 31: Plant a Tree Photosynthesis 4. Forest ecosystems are complex and 39: Energy Sleuths ELA Performance Tasks Raindrops and Where's All the Carbon? dynamic, and continuously undergo 42: Sunlight and Shades of Bioblitz! -5 Ranges (carbon cycle poster) change or adaptation, ranging from Green Forest Benefits 4-5 Oregon's Forests (poster) gradual change (e.g., succession and 44: Water Wonders Forest Management-6-8 Busy Bees, Busy climate) to abrupt change (e.g., fire 45: Web of Life Climate Change, Carbon, and Blooms Other and disease). 48: Field, Forest, and Trees The Truth about Science: A Curriculum Stream Surprise Terrarium for Developing Young Scientists, by 5. Natural and human-caused 47: Are Vacant Lots Guides Kathryn Kelsey and Ashley Steel. NSTA disturbance events are a part of forest What Bear Goes Vacant? Fostering Outdoor Observation Press ecosystems. Examples of natural events Where? 48: Field, Forest, and Skills are wind and volcanic activity, and Stream FieldDesign: Engineering Citizen Science: 15 Lesson that Bring examples of human- caused events are Seed Need 63: Tree Factory Design for Field-Based Biology to Life, 6-12 -NSTA Press logging, road construction and 65: Bursting Buds Applications 6-12 development. Wildfire is a disturbance Good Buddies 68: Name that Tree Field Investigations Rainforest Alliance Carbon Curriculum that can be both natural and human- 69: Forest for the Trees Schoolyard Biodiversity Trophic Transfer https://www.rainforest- caused. 70: Soil Stories Photo Point Monitoring alliance.org/curricula/climate 6. Forests are interconnected with 71: Watch on Wetlands Environmental other terrestrial (e.g., rangeland) and 76: Tree Cookies Solutions-Oriented Learning Barometer aquatic (e.g., estuary) ecosystems, 77: Trees in Trouble Storyline MS- Forests: Carbon forming a larger system. 78: Signs of Fall Sequestration Eco-enrichers 79: Tree Lifecycle Curriculum 7. Washington’s regions vary in soil 80: Nothing Succeeds Like Healthy Forests, Healthy types, elevation, temperature, wind, Succession Waters and rainfall patterns. These variations 81: Living with Fire create the different forest types and 84: The Global Climate PLT Extensions www.pltwa.com residents (plants and animals) that, 86: Our Changing World Forest Benefits student page together with disturbance histories, 88: Life on the Edge Trees as Habitat and Tree contribute to that region’s biodiversity. Benefits Leaf as a System Tree Abundance Field Investigation Temperature investigation journal Rainfall investigation Habitat diversity field investigation

2. Different forest biomes exist around 63: Tree Factory connections the world. Examples include tropical 64: Looking at Leaves forests, temperate forests, and boreal 65: Bursting Buds PLT Extensions www.pltwa.com forests. Washington is in the temperate 66: Germinating Giants Habitat diversity field investigation forest biome. 67: How Big Is Your Tree? Tree abundance field investigation 68: Name That Tree 3. Many different forest types exist 49: Tropical Treehouse within a biome, typically named by their 70: Soil Stories dominant tree species. Common forest types in Washington include spruce- hemlock, Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, mixed conifer, and hardwood. Theme 2: Why are Forests Important? Historical Importance 40: Then and Now Forests of Washington OFRI 75: Tipi Talk Ecosystems Forest Essays, Grade 6 1. Today, as in the past, forest continue 80: Nothing Succeeds Like 13. Who Manages Washington’s Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 to play a significant cultural, spiritual, Succession Forests? and economic role in Native American 90: Native Ways 14. Where There’s a Will There’s Societies. 91: In the Good Old Days a Way

2. In Washington ’s development 92: A Look at Lifestyles 21. A Forest Full of Views toward becoming a state, forests 93: Paper Civilizations provided basic resources for Native 94: By the Rivers of Americans and settlers, jobs for a Babylon growing workforce, resources for 95: Did You Notice? building the nation and dollars for a new state economy.

3. As multiple demands on forests increased, the practice of forest management evolved to conserve and preserve natural resources and to improve society’s use of forestlands. It incorporated scientific principles and an understanding of competing interests.

4. Historical perspectives, which may include aesthetic, cultural, spiritual, economic, and educational factors, form our understanding of forests and our personal connections to forests, and guide decisions to ensure forests for future generations. 5

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Tree Activities Activities Environmental Importance MS-LS2-1. Analyze and 4: Sounds Around Forests of Washington Habitat OFRI interpret data to provide 13: We All Need Trees Ecosystems Circles Into the Forest 1. Forests affect air, water, and soil evidence for the effects of 28: Air Plants 3. Here’s Looking at Yew Forest Essays, Grades 6 quality. resource availability on 29: Rain Reasons 4. Forest Homes My Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 2. Forests provide habitat for fish organisms and populations of 44: Water Wonders 5. Come Grow with Us Kingdom Forest Fact Breaks: and wildlife. organisms in an ecosystem. 22: Trees as Habitats 6. Washington Forest Eco- for a Water 24: Nature's Recyclers connections Shelter Wildlife 3. Forests provide the opportunity to (Somewhat relevant) 26: Dynamic Duos study ecosystems, conservation, and 19. Town Trees Carbon Capture natural resource management. MS-LS2-4. Construct an 29: Rain Reasons Map that Inquiry at Hinkle Creek (video) argument supported by 45: Web of Life ELA Performance Tasks Habitat Forest Fact Sheets: 4. Forests sequester carbon from the empirical evidence that 47: Are Vacant Lots Vacant? Forest Benefits 3-5 Drinking Water atmosphere and are an essential changes to physical and 48: Field, Forest, and Forest Management Tracks! Woody Biomass component of the global carbon biological components of an Stream Renewable Energy: Biomass Carbon & Climate cycle. Forest products made from ecosystem affect populations 49: Tropical Treehouse Climate Change, Carbon, and Graphananimal Where's All the Carbon? (carbon wood also store carbon. 67: How Big Is Your Tree? MS-ESS3-3. Apply Trees cycle poster) 5. Washington ’s forests are important scientific principles to design a 84: The Global Climate Summer in the City: Urban Heat Habicache Oregon Forest Facts & Figures 86: Our Changing World ecological systems, method for monitoring and Islands 89: Trees for Many Reasons interconnected with other minimizing a human impact Invasive Species Seed Need Other systems not only environmentally, but 95: Did You Notice? on the The Truth about Science: A Curriculum socially and economically. Eco-Enrichers for Developing Young Scientists, by Changes in the conditions and uses of environment. Guides

Washington ’s forests may affect the Field Investigations Kathryn Kelsey and Ashley Steel. NSTA conditions and uses of forests MS-LS2-3. Develop a model FieldDesign: Engineering Environmental Press Barometer worldwide. to describe the cycle of Design for Field-Based

matter and flow of energy Applications 6-12 Citizen Science: 15 Lesson that Bring among living and non-living Fostering Outdoor Observation Nature in Art Biology to Life, 6-12 -NSTA Press

parts of an ecosystem. Skills Landscape Investigations Rainforest Alliance Carbon Curriculum https://www.rainforest- alliance.org/curricula/climate Career Profile Cards

I-Tree: Tree Benefits Solutions-Oriented Learning www.treebenefits.com Storyline MS- Forests:

Carbon Sequestration PLT Carbon & Climate

(E-Unit for Grades 6-8) Curriculum

Heathy Forests, Healthy Waters Drain Rangers Social Importance 13: We All Need Trees Forests of Washington Habicache OFRI 16: Pass the Plants, Ecosystems Into the Forest 1. Washington ’s forests provide basic Please 11. Watershed Benefits Forest Essays, Grade 6 Forest resources that people use every day. Natural 17: People of the Forest 19. Town Trees Dilemmas Essays, Grades 7-12 2. Individuals hold different values 18: Tale of the Sun Oregon Forest Facts & Figures concerning forests and their use, based 19: Viewpoints on the Line ELA Performance Tasks on their experience and 21: Adopt a Tree connection with the forest. Forest Benefits 4-5 55: Planning the Ideal Forest Management 6-8 3. Forests influence the economic, Community Climate, Carbon, and Trees social and cultural composition of both 56: We Can Work It Out urban and rural communities 59: Power of Print 90:

Native Ways 82: Resource-Go-Round 6

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 91: In the Good Old Days 92: A Look at Lifestyles 93: Paper Civilizations 95: Did You Notice? Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Economic Importance MS-LS2-5. Evaluate competing 13: We All Need Trees Forests of Washington Natural Dilemmas OFRI design solutions for maintaining 14: Renewable or Not? Ecosystems Into the Forest 1. Forests provide multiple economic biodiversity and ecosystem 15: A Few of My Favorite 11. Watershed Benefits Find Your Path videos benefits, including jobs and forest services. Things 13. Who Manages Washington’s Forest Essays, Grade 6 products; renewable energy and 20: Environmental Forests? Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 minerals; financial returns to owners Exchange Box 14. Where There’s a Will There’s Forest Fact Breaks: and investors; and ecosystem service 32: A Forest of Many Uses a Way Carbon Capture benefits such as carbon storage, clean 34: Who Works in this Forest? 16. Tree Uses Green Building water, recreation, and tourism. 39: Energy Sleuths 17. Wood You Make a Wood Products 2. Forests provide income for local, 50: 400-Acre Wood Difference? Inquiry at Hinkle Creek (video) state, national, and international 51: Make Your Own 21. A Forest Full of Views Oregon Forest Facts & Figures economies. Washington ’s forest sector Paper Forest Fact Sheets: is one of the state’s largest 71: Watch on Wetlands ELA Performance Tasks Forests economic sectors and provides critical 75: Tipi Talk Forest Benefits Carbon & Climate resources and products to the global 82: Resource-Go-Round Forest Management 6-8 Drinking Water marketplace, including 83: A Peek at Packaging Stormwater Pollution Where's All the Carbon? softwood lumber, plywood, and Renewable and Non-Renewable (carbon cycle poster) engineered wood products. Energy Other 3. Forest products are an important Renewable Energy: Biomass Rainforest Alliance Carbon component of Washington ’s “green” Climate Change, Carbon, and Curriculum economy. They come from a Trees https://www.rainforest- renewable resource and store alliance.org/curricula/climate Career Profile Cards carbon, and most are also reusable and recyclable. I-Tree: Tree Benefits Solutions Oriented Storyline MS www.treebenefits.com 4. Economic returns to forest Forests: Carbon Sequestration landowners are important in preventing the loss of forests to Curriculum PLT Carbon & Climate other non-forest land uses. Healthy Forests, Healthy Waters (E-Unit for Grades 6-8)

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8

Theme 3: How Do We Sustain Our Forests? Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Forest Ownership 35: Loving It Too Much Forests of Washington Smokey Bear Said OFRI 69: Forest for the Trees Ecosystems What? Forest Fact Sheet: Ownership 1. The size and scale of forest 71: Watch on Wetlands 7. Fire: Friend or Foe? Oregon Forest Facts & Figures ownership can vary from hundreds of 81: Living with Fire 13. Who Manages Washington’s Forest Fact Breaks: thousands of acres in a national forest Forests? Fire Safety to an individual patch of trees in an 14. Where There’s a Will There’s Inquiry at Hinkle Creek (video) urban forest. a Way 2. Washington’s forests are managed 18. Let’s Make a Deal Other under private (e.g., family and industrial) 19. Town Trees PLT Carbon & Climate and public (e.g., state and federal) 21. A Forest Full of Views (E-Unit for Grades 6-8) ownership. Each type of ownership may have different management objectives Career Profile Cards and may be subject to different laws and policies.

3. Forestlands– as well as fire and other disturbances that affect them – cross natural boundaries, such as watersheds, and administrative boundaries, such as city limits and private property lines.

4. Many forest landscapes are made up of a variety of ownerships, a mix of management objectives, and a blend of forest ecosystems. Forest Management 14: Renewable or Not? Forests of Washington Bat Blitz OFRI MS-LS2-4. Construct an argument 15: A Few of My Favorite Ecosystems Into the Forest 1. Forest management is a long- term supported by empirical evidence Things 7. Fire: Friend or Foe? Time Lapse Forest Essays, Grade 6 Forest process that can lead to changes in tree that changes to physical and 31: Plant a Tree 8. The Forest Flu Essays, Grades 7-12 species composition, size, and age, as biological components of an 32: A Forest of Many Uses 9. Weather Waltzes with the Forest Fact Breaks: well as in forest health and resilience. Ecosystem ecosystem affect populations. 33: Forest Consequences Forest Architects Forest Management 35: Loving It Too Much 2. Forest management ranges from active 13. Who Manages Clearcutting MS-ESS3-4. Construct an 50: 400-Acre Wood Reforestation management (e.g., planting, thinning, Washington’s Forests? Natural and harvesting) to passive management argument supported by evidence 69: Forest for the Trees Sustainability 14. Where There’s a Will Dilemmas (e.g., set- asides and wilderness areas) to for how increases in human 80: Nothing Succeeds Water There’s a Way grow, restore, maintain, conserve, or population and per- capita Like Succession Inquiry at Hinkle Creek (video) 18. Let’s Make a New Deal alter forests. consumption of natural resources 93: Paper Civilizations Sustainability: Forest Fact Sheets: impact Earth’s systems. 94: By the Rivers of Babylon 19. Town Trees Then. Now. Clearcutting Forests 3. Forest management includes the use 21. A Forest Full of Views Later. Reforestation of natural processes and goal-oriented Drinking Water decisions and actions to achieve a variety ELA Performance Tasks Protection Laws of desired outcomes, including ecological Forest Benefits Oregon Forest Facts & (e.g., improving wildlife habitat), Forest Management Figures economic (e.g., timber production), and Stormwater Pollution social (e.g., recreation) outcomes. Many Summer in the City: Urban Heat Other of these outcomes are interrelated and Islands PLT Carbon & Climate can be managed for simultaneously, Invasive Plants (E-Unit for Grades 6-8) while others may be incompatible. 8

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 Climate Change, Carbon, and 4. In Washington, forest management Trees in private and state forests is regulated

by the Washington Forest Practices Act, Guides which aims to sustain forest land for timber production and the other Field Investigations benefits forests provide, including clean Schoolyard Biodiversity water, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Curriculum 5. As human populations and global Healthy Forests, Healthy Waters demand for forest resources increase, forest management and advances in Career Profile Cards research and technological systems can help to ensure forest resources are maintained or improved to produce the desired values and products. Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Forest Management Decisions MS-LS2-5. Evaluate competing 12: Invasive Species Forests of Washington Keeping Cool OFRI design solutions for maintaining 17: People of the Forest Ecosystems Into the Forest 1. A variety of individuals, companies, biodiversity and ecosystem 34: Who Works in this 7. Fire: Friend or Foe? Ecosystem Find Your Path organizations, and government services Forest? 8. The Forest Flu Architects Find Your Path videos agencies manage forests. Forest 32: A Forest of Many Uses 9. Weather Waltzes with the Forest Fact Breaks: management decisions may involve 33: Forest Consequences Forest Natural Clearcutting some or all of these working 31: Plant a Tree 13. Who Manages Washington’s Dilemmas Fire collaboratively to ensure mutually 32: A Forest of Many Uses Forests? Forest Fact Sheets:

beneficial 33: Forest Consequences 14. Where There’s a Will There’s Clearcutting outcomes. Sustainability: 35: Loving It Too Much a Way Fire Then. Now. 2. Forest resource professionals aim to 50: 400-Acre Wood 18. Let’s Make a New Deal Protection Laws Later. meet individual, societal and 54: I'd Like to Visit a 19. Town Trees Sustainability Place Where… Inquiry at Hinkle Creek (video) environmental needs. 58: There Ought to Be a 21. A Forest Full of Views

3. The type and intensity of forest Law ELA Performance Tasks Other management is dependent on the 57: Democracy in Action Forest Benefits Rainforest Alliance Carbon purposes for which the forest is 58: There Ought to Be a Law Curriculum managed, as well as forest type, Forest Management https://www.rainforest- ownership, size, and location. Stormwater Pollution Summer in the City: Urban Heat alliance.org/curricula/climate 4. Washington foresters and forest Islands managers prepare forest management Invasive Plants plans based on landowner goals and Climate Change, Carbon, and objectives, capabilities of the forest Trees site, laws, and available tools (e.g., planting, harvesting, and using Career Profile Cards prescribed fire).

5. The public empowers governments Solutions-Oriented Learning to conserve, maintain and Storyline MS: sustain forest resources by Forests: Carbon enacting laws, creating policies, Sequestration establishing agencies, creating public lands and providing management Curriculum guidelines and continuing education Heathy Forests, Healthy Waters for forest landowners.

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 6.Government has a role in actively engaging organizations, businesses, communities and individuals in forest management and policy decisions, especially for publicly owned forests.

7. Sustainable management of forests takes into account social, economic and ecological dimensions of sustainability. It includes maintaining forest health, productivity and diversity, and conserving a forested land base for the needs of present and future generations.

8. Changing public demands and expectations for the forest, as well as unanticipated events, affect decisions about forest resource use. Sound management based on scientific research, economic analysis and public involvement is required.

Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Forest Management Perspectives 19: Viewpoints on the Line Forests of Washington Wildlife and the OFRI MS-LS2-5. Evaluate competing 32: A Forest of Many Uses Ecosystems Environment: Forest Fact Breaks: 1. People have differing perspectives design solutions for maintaining 33: Forest Consequences 7. Fire: Friend or Foe? Community Clearcutting about forest management, which can biodiversity and ecosystem 35: Loving It Too Much 8. The Forest Flu Survey Forest Fact Sheets: be affected by politics, science, services. 50: 400-Acre Wood 9. Weather Waltzes with the Carbon & Climate economics, values, perception, and 58: There Ought to Be a Law Forest Changing the Land Clearcutting experience. 59: Power of Print 13. Who Manages Washington’s Inside Oregon's Forests: A High 2. Forest management can be 60: Publicize It! Forests? Phenology at Play School Forestry Curriculum controversial because of diverse 81: Living with Fire 14. Where There’s a Will There’s perspectives as well as the complex 84: The Global Climate a Way To Zone or Not to Other nature of forest ecosystems. 86: Our Changing World 18. Let’s Make a New Deal Zone Rainforest Alliance Carbon 88: Life on the Edge 19. Town Trees Curriculum 90: Native Ways 3. Issues related to forest management 21. A Forest Full of Views Natural https://www.rainforest- 91: In the Good Old Days alliance.org/curricula/climate include the effects of timber harvest, Dilemmas

carbon sequestration and climate ELA Performance Tasks (adapt) change, forest land uses, wildfire, and Forest Benefits PLT Carbon & Climate others. Forest Management (E-Unit for Grades 6-8) Sustainability: 4. Involving multiple perspectives in Stormwater Pollution Then. Now. Summer in the City: Urban Heat decision-making, especially with regard Later. Islands to Washington’s public forests, can Invasive Plants lead to more effective Changing the problem-solving and result in more Climate Change, Carbon, and Trees Land sustainable outcomes for Washington’s forests. Career Profile Cards

Guides: FieldDesign: Engineering Design for Field-Based Applications 6-12 10

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8

Theme 4: What is Our Responsibility to Washington Forests? Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Our Connection to Washington’s 2: Get in Touch with Trees Forests of Washington Animal Poetry OFRI Forests 4: Sounds Around Ecosystems Forest Essays, Grade 6 5: Poet-Tree 1. There’s no Place Like Learning to Look, Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 1. Everyone should have the opportunity 13: We All Need Trees Home Looking to See to identify and explore their personal 15: A Few of My Favorite Things 2. Getting to know the Other connection with forests. 18: Tale of the Sun Trees of Washington Nature in Art The Truth about Science: A Curriculum 21: Adopt a Tree 3. Here’s Looking at Yew for Developing Young Scientists, by 2. Resources we use and consume 31: Plant a Tree 4. Forest Homes Tracks! Kathryn Kelsey and Ashley Steel. NSTA every day are connected to 32: A Forest of Many Uses 5. Come Grow with Us Press Washington’s forests. 37: Reduce, Reuse, 6. Washington Forest Eco- Graphananimal 3. There are many ways that individuals Recycle Connections Citizen Science: 15 Lesson that Bring can connect with forests in Washington, 38: Every Drop Counts 11. Watershed Benefits Urban Nature Biology to Life, 6-12 -NSTA Press including hiking and picnicking in 54: I'd Like to Visit a Place 15. Less is More Search (adapt to forests, volunteering for projects in and Where… 16. Tree Uses forests) Ellie’s Log and Teacher’s Guide around forests, becoming informed and 61: The Closer You Look 17. Wood You Make a http://ellieslog.osupress.oregonstate.e active voters, attending public meetings, 83: A Peek at Packaging Difference? Seed Need du/ellies-log and making wise consumer 89: Trees for Many Reasons choices. 92: A Look at Lifestyles ELA Performance Tasks Eco-Enrichers Rainforest Alliance Carbon Curriculum 96: Improve Your Place Forest Benefits 3-5 https://www.rainforest- Summer in the City: Urban alliance.org/curricula/climate Heat Islands

Guides Field Investigations Project Based Learning Model Fostering Outdoor Observation Skills Photo Point Monitoring FieldDesign: Engineering Design for Field-Based Applications 6-12

PLT Extensions www.pltwa.com Trees as Habitat and Tree Benefits

Curriculum Healthy Forests, Healthy Waters

Making Forest Connections — Grades 6-8 Washington Forest Education NGSS Performance Project Learning Tree PEI Resources Project WILD Additional Resources Framework Expectations Activities Activities Working for the Future of MS-ESS3-3. Apply 14: Renewable or Not? Forests of Washington Deer Dilemma OFRI Washington’s Forests scientific principles to design a 15: A Few of My Favorite Things Ecosystems Forest Essays, Grade 6 method for monitoring and 31: Plant a Tree 15. Less is More Habitat Heroes Forest Essays, Grades 7-12 1. Everyone has a responsibility to treat minimizing a human impact on the 32: A Forest of Many Uses 17. Wood You Make a Into the Forest forests with respect and to become a environment. 34: Who Works in this Forest? Difference? Ecosystem Find Your Path conscientious steward of Washington’s 35: Loving It Too Much 19. Town Trees Architects Find Your Path videos forests and forest resources. MS-ESS3-4. Construct an argument 36: Pollution Search 20. Earthkeepers: From

supported by evidence for how 37: Reduce, Reuse, Schoolyard to Planet PLT Carbon & Climate 2. Personal behaviors directly impact the increases in human population and Recycle 22: A Washington Forest (E-Unit for Grades 6-8) health and resiliency of our forests. For per- capita consumption of natural 38: Every Drop Counts Fair. example, the products we buy, how we resources impact Earth’s systems. 37: Reduce, Reuse, treat trails and campgrounds, and how Recycle ELA Performance Tasks we hunt or use fire can either harm or 38: Every Drop Counts Forest Benefits help forests. 51: Make Your Own Paper Forest Management 3. Choices we make regarding the use of 54: I'd Like to Visit a Place Stormwater Pollution forest resources affect our ability to Where… Summer in the City: Urban Heat sustain forest ecosystems into the future. 57: Democracy in Action Islands

58: There Ought to Be a Law Invasive Plants 4. A variety of professionals and skilled 81: Living with Fire trade workers are needed to sustain our Climate Change, Carbon, and Trees 82: Resource-Go-Round forests, including foresters, biologists, soil 83: A Peek at Packaging scientists, engineers, lawyers, information Guides 89: Trees for Many Reasons Project Based Learning technology professionals, land managers, 96: Improve Your Place investors, environmental educators, Model

communications specialists, logging operators, mechanics, and wood products FieldDesign: Engineering manufacturers. Design for Field-Based Applications 6-12 5. As individuals or as members of groups, we can influence laws and policies about Curriculum Washington’s forests. Healthy Forests, Healthy Waters

Drain Rangers Secondary Curriculum

Career Profile Cards

Solutions-Oriented Learning Storyline MS Forests: Carbon Sequestration