NATIONWIDE PUBLIC OPINION POLL OF IRAQI CITIZENS August 28 - September 25, 2020 Detailed methodology
• The survey was conducted on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research (CISR) by Al-Mustakilla for Research (IIACSS). • Data collection was conducted between August 28 – September 25, 2020 through computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) administered face-to-face interviews in respondents’ homes, except for Erbil, where paper questionnaires were used. • The national sample consisted of n=3,070 adult citizens of Iraq, aged 18 and older. While there were no geographic exclusions for the sample draw, internally displaced people (IDP) living in IDP camps were excluded from the sample. Less than 15 sampling points had to be replaced due to the security concerns or COVID-19 restrictions. • A multi-stage probability sampling method was used to design a nationally representative sample according to population estimates from the Central Organization for Statistics. The sample was stratified by census districts and sub-districts followed by primary sampling units (PSU) selected using probability-proportional-to-size within each stratum and respondents selected by Kish grid. • Booster samples were added to Anbar, Basra, Dhi Qar and Nineveh provinces (n=1,174) to allow for separate analyses of these provinces. For analysis at the national level, samples for each of these provinces were weighted back down to their national proportion. • The data was weighted based on each governorate’s population, according to the most recent census update from the Central Organization for Statistics in Iraq, conducted in 2014 and updates from IIACSS’s household data as well as formal updates from the Ministry of Planning. • The response rate was 87 percent.
• The margin of error for the full sample is ±1.5 points at the 95 percent confidence level. The margin of error for disaggregates and governorate samples varies.
• Charts and graphs may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding. Cited bases are weighted. 2 Geographical key: Regions of Iraq
Iraqi Kurdistan
Central
South
Baghdad*
*Note: Regional and national-level presentations of the data are weighted into national population size proportions.
Data for independent presentations of the Baghdad governorate sample is unweighted, along with independent presentations of data for the Anbar, Basra, Dhi Qar and Nineveh governorate samples.
3 Geographical Key: Governorate Samples
Baghdad Governorate Anbar Governorate Basra Governorate n = 663, margin of error = ± 3.8 n = 506, margin of error = ± 4.4 n = 506, margin of error = ± 4.4
Bases for governorate samples are the unweighted, achieved samples.
Nineveh Governorate Dhi Qar Governorate n = 487, margin of error = ± 4.4 n = 501, margin of error = ± 4.4 4 Frequently cited disaggregate bases
National Sample Disaggregations Category Base (Unweighted) Age 18-35 n = 2,783 Age Brackets Age 36-55 n = 1,204 Age 56 and older n = 257 Male n = 2,185 Gender Female n = 2,059 Iraqi Kurdistan n = 425 Regions of Iraq Central n = 1,392 South n = 1,764 Urban n = 2,883 Urbanicity Rural n = 1,361
Governorate Samples Name Base (Unweighted) Baghdad n = 663 Anbar n = 506 Governorate Basra n = 506 Nineveh n = 487 Dhi Qar n = 501
5 Previous IRI Iraq Research
Study Fieldwork Dates Total Sample Size 8 focus groups; Report: Living In The Shadows: The Enduring Marginalization Of Black Iraqis December 2019 10 in-depth interviews Report: “Nurid Watan!” “We Want a Homeland!” Basrawi Perspectives 8 focus groups; December 2019 on the 2019 Protests in Iraq’s Basra Province 10 in-depth interviews 14 focus groups; Report: Perspectives on Returnees in Iraq’s Ninewa Provinces January 2019 3 in-depth interviews Report: Social and Political Perspectives of Iraqi IDPs from Ninewa and April - May 2018 12 focus groups their Host Communities
About the Center for Insights In Survey Research (CISR) Research and qualitative and quantitative public opinion data is a cornerstone of IRI’s approach to programming. Our data ensures citizens’ needs are at the center of the political debate and guide our projects’ goals. To date, IRI has conducted more than 900 polls in over 100 countries, surveying more than 1.5 million people and measuring community attitudes on a wide range of issues.
IRI’s research approach integrates CISR’s methodological polling best practices protocol and field partner in-depth knowledge of the local research environment. This close collaboration begins at project design, with carefully calibrated sampling and instrument development, and continues throughout the entire fieldwork cycle to ensure the collection of reliable qualitative and quantitative data.
← For more of IRI’s public opinion research, see CISR’s content. 6 General Outlook and Values In general, would you say that our country is heading in the right direction or the wrong direction?
All Respondents 33% 66% 1%
Gender Male 33% 66% 1%
Female 34% 66% 1%
Age Groups Age 18-35 34% 65% 1%
Age 36-55 32% 67% 1%
Age 56 and older 26% 73% 1%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 4% 95% 1%
Central 46% 54%
Baghdad* 42% 57%
South 30% 69% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
In the right direction In the wrong direction Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 8 In general, would you say that our country is heading in the right direction or the wrong direction?
Baghdad Anbar Basra
<1% <1% 2% 42% 46% 43% 57% 54% 55%
Nineveh Dhi Qar In the right direction
In the wrong direction 2% 19% Don’t know/Refused to 39% answer 61% 78%
9 How would you evaluate the prevailing mood of our country’s population?
All Respondents 14% 29% 15% 11% 11% 20% 1%
Gender Men 13% 29% 16% 10% 10% 22% 1%
Women 15% 29% 14% 11% 12% 18% 1%
Age Groups Age 18-35 14% 30% 15% 11% 10% 20%
Age 36-55 14% 29% 14% 9% 13% 21%
Age 56 and older 14% 25% 21% 12% 10% 17% 3%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 9% 25% 22% 17% 26% 1%
Central 19% 33% 14% 9% 9% 17% <1%
Baghdad* 18% 34% 15% 10% 10% 13%
South 13% 31% 12% 8% 11% 24% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Belief that the future will definitely be better Hope that the future will be somewhat better Not much hope for a better future Apathy, belief in fate Insecurity, worry, fear for the future Total disappointment, disbelief in any improvement Don't know/Refused to answer *Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 10 Do you believe that democracy is the best possible form of government for our country or not?
All Respondents 45% 23% 31% 2%
Gender Men 45% 21% 33% 1%
Women 44% 24% 30% 2%
Age Groups Age 18-35 44% 24% 31% 2%
Age 36-55 43% 21% 34% 2%
Age 56 and older 54% 18% 26% 3%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 77% 12% 9% 3%
Central 44% 23% 32% 1%
Baghdad* 35% 26% 38% 1%
South 39% 25% 35% 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes, it is the best possible form of government for our country. No, there are other forms of government that could be equally good for our country. No, there are other forms of government that are better than democracy. Don't know/Refused to answer *Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 11 Thinking about our country’s current political system, do you believe it is a:
All Respondents 5% 11% 33% 49% 2%
Gender Men 5% 11% 33% 50% 1%
Women 6% 11% 34% 48% 2%
Age Groups Age 18-35 5% 12% 33% 48% 1%
Age 36-55 6% 9% 34% 51% 1%
Age 56 and older 4% 7% 33% 51% 5%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 3% 27% 63% 6%
Central 6% 15% 33% 47% <1%
Baghdad* 5% 11% 34% 49% <1%
South 6% 11% 35% 46% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Full democracy Nearly full democracy Flawed democracy Not a democracy at all Don't know/Refused to answer *Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 12 What is the most important problem facing our country today?
(Spontaneous response; Top 10 Responses)
24% Economy—unemployment 26% 25% 26% Corruption 20% 23% 7% Covid-19 14% 10% 6% Insecurity 9% 7% 5% Economy—cost of living, high prices 5% 5% 3% Electricity 3% 3% 2% Poverty 4% 3% 2% Terrorism 2% 2% Men 2% External conflicts/War 1% Women 2% 2% Total Economy-other 2% 2% 22% Other 14% 17% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 13 Do you consider our country to be governed in the interest of the majority of people or in the interest of some groups?
1% 14%
86%
Majority of people Some groups Don't Know/Refused to answer
14 To what extent do civil society organizations impact voter education in our country?
3% 22% 26%
30% 19%
Very impactful Somewhat impactful Somewhat unimpactful Very unimpactful Don't know/Refused to answer 15 Do you think that today’s generation of young people has a good future in our country or not?
100% 15% 90% 25% 21% 31% 29% 35% 32% 80%
70%
60%
50% 85% 40% 77% 71% 75% 69% 64% 67% 30%
20%
10% <1% <1% 1% <1% <1% <1% 2% 0% Female Male Female Male Female Male (n=1,343) (n=1,440) (n=625) (n=579) (n=91) (n=166) Nationwide Age 18-35 Age 36-55 Age 56 and older
Don'tGood know/Refused future Not a good future GoodDon’t future know/Refused to answer 16 Do you think that today’s generation of young people has a good future in our country or not?
Baghdad Anbar Basra
<1% <1% 1% 39% 31% 35%
61% 69% 64%
Nineveh Dhi Qar Good future 0% Not a good future 1% 26% Don’t know/Refused to 40% answer 59% 74%
17 How would you describe the current economic situation of your household?
All Respondents 9% 52% 18% 21%
Gender
Men 9% 53% 18% 19%
Women 8% 51% 18% 22%
Age Groups
Age 18-35 10% 54% 18% 18%
Age 36-55 6% 50% 19% 26%
Age 56 and older 7% 47% 21% 26%
Regions
Iraqi Kurdistan 2% 39% 28% 30%
Central 13% 52% 17% 19%
Baghdad* 8% 54% 20% 18%
South 9% 57% 15% 20%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 18 How would you describe the current status of each of the following items in our country?
National security 9% 32% 20% 36% 2%
Media freedom 10% 29% 23% 37% 1%
Gender equality 7% 28% 24% 40% 1%
Freedom of expression 7% 25% 24% 43% 1%
Law and order 6% 20% 24% 49% 1%
Human rights 4% 19% 23% 54% 1%
Democracy 4% 18% 25% 52% 1%
Economy 3% 12% 21% 64% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 19 Elections Are you registered to vote?
All Respondents 76% 24% <1% Gender Men 80% 20% <1%
Women 72% 28% Age Groups Age 18-35 72% 28% <1%
Age 36-55 82% 19%
Age 56 and older 91% 9% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 88% 12% <1% Central 72% 28% <1% Baghdad* 74% 26% South 76% 24% <1% Urbanicity Urban 75% 25% <1%
Rural 79% 22%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Yes No Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 21 Are you registered to vote?
Baghdad Anbar Basra
<1% 26% 33% 34%
74% 67% 65%
Nineveh Dhi Qar Yes
No <1% 16% 26% Don’t know/Refused to answer
74% 84%
22 Do you have the biometric voter ID card?
All Respondents 75% 25% <1% Gender Men 78% 22% <1% Women 72% 28% <1% Age Groups Age 18-35 70% 29% <1%
Age 36-55 83% 17%
Age 56 and older 84% 15% 1% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 87% 13%
Central 75% 25%
Baghdad* 73% 27% <1% South 72% 28% Urbanicity Urban 75% 25% <1%
Rural 76% 24%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes No Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 23 Do you have the biometric voter ID card?
Baghdad Anbar Basra
<1% <1% 27% 34% 32%
73% 66% 68%
Nineveh Dhi Qar Yes
No <1% 24% 22% Don’t know/Refused to answer
76% 78%
24 How likely or unlikely are you to vote in the next parliamentary elections?
All Respondents 34% 27% 11% 27% 1% Gender Men 39% 26% 10% 24% 1% Women 29% 28% 12% 30% 2% Age Groups Age 18-35 34% 27% 11% 28% 1% Age 36-55 36% 27% 10% 25% 2% Age 56 and older 35% 29% 14% 20% 3% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 24% 37% 12% 21% 6% Central 37% 27% 10% 25% <1% Baghdad* 34% 25% 12% 28% 0% South 36% 24% 9% 30% 1% Urbanicity Urban 33% 27% 11% 27% <1% Rural 38% 26% 10% 25% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Very likely Somewhat likely Somewhat unlikely Very unlikely Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 25 How much, if anything, have you seen or heard about parliament’s efforts to reform electoral laws?
All Respondents 9% 18% 20% 49% 4%
Gender Men 8% 21% 22% 46% 3%
Women 10% 14% 18% 53% 6%
Age Groups Age 18-35 10% 18% 21% 49% 3%
Age 36-55 8% 17% 20% 50% 5%
Age 56 and older 6% 24% 16% 42% 13%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 2% 27% 20% 25% 25%
Central 15% 19% 24% 42% <1%
Baghdad* 10% 14% 21% 55% 0%
South 7% 16% 17% 59% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
A lot Some Little Nothing at all Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 26 Based on what you know about parliament’s efforts to reform electoral laws, will the reform leave you more or less confident in future elections?
(Those who responded “a lot” or “some” about hearing of parliament’s efforts, n=1,135)
All Respondents 18% 29% 23% 18% 12% 1% Gender Men (n=637) 15% 32% 25% 16% 12% 1% Women (n=498) 22% 25% 21% 20% 11% 1% Age Groups Age 18-35 (n=771) 17% 31% 22% 18% 11% 1% Age 36-55 (n=296) 22% 27% 24% 16% 12% Age 56 and older 10% 21% 30% 18% 21% 1% (n=67) Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 21% 26% 18% 34% (n=176) Central (n=382) 21% 36% 20% 19% 4% <1% Baghdad* (n=663) 28% 26% 26% 13% 7% 0% South (n=360) 16% 28% 23% 19% 12% 3% Urbanicity Urban (n=796) 17% 28% 25% 16% 14% 1% Rural (n=338) 19% 31% 20% 21% 7% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
A lot more Somewhat more Somewhat less A lot less The reform won't affect my confidence level Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 27 How likely or unlikely is it that ordinary people can influence decisions made in our country?
2% 13%
44% 23%
17%
Very likely Somewhat likely Somewhat unlikely Very unlikely Don't know/Refused to answer
28 How can ordinary people influence decisions made in our country? (Those who responded “very likely” or “somewhat likely” about influencing decisions, n=1,551; multiple responses accepted)
Young adults (aged 18-35) versus Adults 35 and older 56% Protest 50% 54% 37% Vote 42% 39% 4% Run for office 3% 4% 3% Talk to officials 4% 4% 2% Petition 2% 2% 2% Engage in a civil society organization 1% 2% <1% Join a political party <1% 1% <1% Donate <1% 18-35 (n=1,079) 1% Over 35 (n=472) 5% Other 7% Total (n=1,551) 6% 2% Don't know/Refused to answer 2% 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 29 Which statement about voting comes closest to your opinion?
Nationwide 21% 41% 35% 4%
Male 22% 41% 33% 4% (n=1,440)
Female
Age 18-35 Age 20% 39% 38% 3% (n=1,343)
Male 23% 44% 31% 3% (n=579)
Female
Age Age 36-55 18% 43% 35% 4% (n=625)
Male 21% 48% 30% 1% (n=166)
Female 6% 45% 39% 11%
(n=91) Age Age 56 and older 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Gives me some say about how the government runs things Doesn’t really affect how the government runs things. But I still believe it’s important to vote. Doesn’t really affect how the government runs things, so for me it’s not really important to vote. Don't know/Refused to answer 30 How confident, if at all, are you in the Independent High Election Commission’s ability to organize and supervise elections?
All Respondents 6% 17% 20% 54% 2% Gender Men 7% 18% 20% 55% 1% Women 6% 17% 20% 53% 3% Age Groups Age 18-35 6% 18% 21% 53% 2% Age 36-55 8% 17% 18% 55% 2% Age 56 and older 5% 16% 16% 55% 9% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 14% 22% 51% 13% Central 8% 24% 20% 48% <1% Baghdad* 9% 16% 18% 57% <1% South 6% 15% 20% 58% 1% Urbanicity Urban 6% 17% 20% 54% 2% Rural 7% 18% 19% 53% 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Highly confident Somewhat confident Slightly confident Not confident at all Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 31 Would you like to see new political parties in future elections or are you satisfied with the current choices?
All Respondents 48% 27% 25% Gender Men 49% 25% 26% Women 46% 29% 25% Age Groups Age 18-35 48% 29% 24% Age 36-55 49% 24% 27% Age 56 and older 40% 24% 36% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 23% 13% 64% Central 66% 29% 5% Baghdad* 47% 38% 15% South 44% 25% 31% Urbanicity Urban 46% 28% 26% Rural 52% 25% 23%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% I would like to see new political parties I am satisfied with the current choices Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 32 Institutional and Government Ratings Do you agree or disagree that political parties are doing enough to address the needs of voters like you?
All Respondents 7% 12% 18% 62% 1%
Gender Men 6% 12% 18% 63% 1%
Women 7% 13% 17% 61% 2%
Age Groups Age 18-35 7% 13% 18% 61% 1%
Age 36-55 6% 11% 17% 66% 1%
Age 56 and older 5% 9% 25% 57% 4%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 4% 14% 31% 44% 6%
Central 8% 16% 16% 60% <1%
Baghdad* 5% 11% 17% 66% <1%
South 7% 10% 15% 68% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 34 To what extent do you trust or distrust each of the following institutions:
Army 58% 20% 9% 12% <1%
Police 46% 32% 9% 13% <1%
Prime Minister's Office 21% 26% 16% 34% 2%
Courts 15% 33% 16% 36% 1%
Media 13% 32% 20% 34% 1%
Independent High Election 6% 18% 19% 55% 2% Commission
Parliament 3% 14% 19% 64% 1%
Political parties 2% 4% 18% 76% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Trust a great deal Somewhat trust Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Don't know/Refused to answer
35 Are you a member of a political party?
<1% 5%
95%
Yes No Don't know/Refused to answer
36 For the following issues, is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job?
Fighting terrorism 23% 29% 13% 34% 1%
Protecting Iraq's 6% 16% 18% 59% 1% independence
Encouraging agricultural 15% 18% 60% 1% production 6%
Providing electricity 4% 18% 17% 61% 1%
Providing education 4% 16% 17% 61% 1%
Providing healthcare 5% 16% 16% 62% 1%
Fighting corruption 5% 14% 17% 63% 1%
Encouraging industrial 14% 17% 63% 2% production 5%
Maintaining infastructure like 4% 15% 17% 63% 1% roads and public buildings
Creating jobs 2% 7% 15% 75% 1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/Refused to answer 37 How would you rate the performance of the national government in communicating with the public about the projects they are working on?
100% 6% 6% 6% 5% 6% 6% 5%
90% 11% 26% 24% 80% 27% 29% 27% 28%
70% 32% 60% 23% 26% 25% 24% 26% 26% 50%
40%
30% 45% 43% 44% 20% 41% 40% 40% 39%
10%
1% 1% 1% 3% 1% 6% 2% 0% Female Male Female Male Female Male (n=1,343) (n=1,440) (n=625) (n=579) (n=91) (n=166) Nationwide Age 18-35 Age 36-55 Age 56 and older Don't know/Refused to answer Very bad Somewhat bad Somewhat good Very good
38 The government has stated its priorities. How important do you personally consider each of the following government priorities?
Fighting corruption 86% 9% 3%3% 0%
Deploying a national plan against 84% 11% 2%2% 0% the pandemic
Engaging in steps to restore 82% 13% 2%3% 0% national sovereignty
Preparing for free and fair 12% 3% 4% 0% elections 81%
Making sure the state can pay its bills and that the economy 79% 14% 3% 4% 0% survives
Achieving balance and clarity in Iraq's relationship with the US, 66% 17% 7% 10% 1% Iran and other neighbors
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant Don't know/Refused to answer 39 How confident are you that progress on all of these priorities can be achieved over the next six to nine months?
2% 13%
27%
40% 18%
Very confident Somewhat confident Somewhat unconfident Not at all confident Don't know/Refused to answer
40 Inclusion and Civic Engagement How important is it that […] are included in political decision-making?
1% Young adults 92% 5% 2% <1%
Women 80% 12% 3% 5% 0%
People with disabilities 66% 18% 7% 9% 1%
Religious minorities 66% 17% 6% 10% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant Don't know/Refused to answer
42 I will read you a list of attributes a candidate running for office may have. Please tell me if it would make you more likely or less likely to vote for the candidate, or if it would not matter.
Candidate has never held 48% 14% 37% 1% office before
Candidate is 35 years old or 20% 34% 1% younger 45%
Candidate is female 38% 21% 41% 1%
Candidate has a different 28% 26% 45% 1% ethnic background
Candidate has a different 22% 52% 1% religion 25%
Candidate is from an 20% 40% 39% 1% opposition party
Candidate is from the party in 19% 45% 35% 1% power
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% More Less Doesn't matter Don't know/Refused to answer 43 I will read you a list of several qualities voters commonly seek in politicians. For each quality, please tell me if it is more likely for men to have it, for women to have it, or if both genders are equally likely to have it.
Strength 54% 3% 43%
Leadership skills 44% 4% 52%
Experience 28% 5% 67%
Ability to communicate 23% 10% 67%
Ability to listen 16% 17% 67%
Ethical behavior 13% 9% 78%
Higher education 11% 7% 82%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Men Women Both 44 Have you ever engaged in any of the following activities? Are you interested in engaging in any of the following activities within the next several years?
Percentage of “Yes” Responses 30% Participate in a protest 37% 22% Post on social media about political issues 27% 16% Participate in a boycott 19% 10% Contact an elected offficial 16% 9% Sign a petition 15% 7% Attend a political meeting 13% Join or support a formal or informal organization with 7% a political agenda 15% 5% Join a political party 6% 2% Run for political office 8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Have you ever engaged in any of the following? Are you interested in engaging in any of the following…?
45 Why are there not more women running for office in our country? For each potential reason I read you, please tell me if it plays a major role or not.
Percentage of “Major role” displayed
WomenWomen are are discouraged discouraged from from running running by 76% cultural normsby cultural norms 81% 73% Women lack the support network 77% WomenWomen lacklack thethe resourcesresources toto mountmount aa 73% campaign campaign 78% WomenWomen are arepreoccupied preoccupied with with household household and 71% child-rearingand child duties-rearing duties 71% EvenEven when when women women run runfor foroffice, office, they they do notdo 57% get elected not get elected 67% 69% Women are afraid of violence if they run 72% 68% Women lack familial support 73% WomenWomen lack support lack support from the from political the political parties 64% they belongparties to they belong to 70% 60% Women lack the confidence to run 62% 60% Women lack political experience 62%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Men Women
46 Why are there not more youth aged 35 and younger politically engaged in our country? For each potential reason I read you, please tell me if it plays a major role or not.
Percentage of “Major role” displayed YouthYouth lack lack the the resources resources to to mount mount a a campaign campaign 82%
Youth lack the support network 78%
YouthYouth are are preoccupied preoccupied with with finding finding jobs jobs or advancingor advancing their career their career 78%
Youth lackYouth support lack support from the from political the political parties they belongparties to they belong to 66%
EvenEven when when youth youth run run for for office, office, they they do donot 65% get electednot get elected
Youth lack political experience 58%
Youth lack familial support 56%
Youth lack the confidence to run 54%
YouthYouth are notnot interestedinterested inin engagingengaging withwith 50% politics politics
Youth are not respected by society 44%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% All Respondents 47 How likely, if at all, are you to run for political office by the age of 35?
(Among respondents equal or under age 35, n=2,783)
1% 16%
50% 19%
13%
Very likely Somewhat likely Somewhat unlikely Very unlikely Don't know/Refused to answer
48 Why are you not likely to run for political office by the age of 35?
(Among respondents equal or under age 35, n=2,783)
I am not interested in holding an office in general 24%
I do not think I am eligible to run 19%
I will not have the time to do it 12%
I would not win 11%
I lack the financial resources 7%
I don’t know how to run for office 5%
I am not interest in holding an office because I can get 4% involved in alternative ways
I lack the required skills to hold an elected office 4%
I lack a support network 3%
It requires too much effort 2%
Other 8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
49 In the past 12 months have you personally felt discriminated against in our country on the basis of one or more of the following grounds?
Percentage of “Yes” displayed
Your economic status 41%
Your health status 36%
Your gender 35%
Your age 32%
Your religion 30%
Your political views 29%
Your ethnic background 26%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% All Respondents 50 Do you consider the word “abed” (slave), when used to describe Black Iraqis, offensive?
10% <1%
6%
10%
74%
Very offensive Somewhat offensive Somewhat unoffensive Very unoffensive Don't know/Refused to answer 51 Which of the following statements best matches your own opinion of the role that religion should play in government?
Religious texts should form the foundations of all 17% policy and lawmaking
The principles of religious teaching should be one 26% consideration but not the only
Religious views should not provide a source of 14% justification for a policy or law
Religion should be completely absent from 40% government decision-making
Don't know/Refused to answer 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 52 Do people in our country feel free to openly express their opinions or are they afraid?
All Respondents 10% 18% 25% 46% 1%
Gender Men 10% 18% 26% 46% 1%
Women 10% 18% 24% 46% 2%
Age Groups Age 18-35 9% 18% 24% 48% 1%
Age 36-55 12% 19% 26% 42% 1%
Age 56 and older 7% 20% 29% 41% 4%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 22% 31% 40% 6%
Central 7% 14% 23% 55% <1%
Baghdad* 15% 16% 20% 50% <1%
South 13% 21% 26% 40% <1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Very free Somewhat free Somewhat afraid Very afraid Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 53 Are people in our country free to participate in peaceful civic movements or not?
All Respondents 17% 27% 18% 35% 3% Gender Men 18% 29% 18% 34% 1%
Women 16% 25% 18% 36% 4% Age Groups Age 18-35 17% 27% 18% 36% 2%
Age 36-55 19% 28% 18% 32% 3%
Age 56 and older 10% 31% 21% 29% 9%
Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 18% 26% 40% 16%
Central 11% 23% 18% 46% <1%
Baghdad 25% 28% 13% 33% <1%
South 22% 33% 18% 26% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Very free Somewhat free Somewhat not free Very not free Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 54 Corruption To what extent, if any, has corruption had a negative impact on you?
All Respondents 73% 13% 4% 9% 1% Gender Men 78% 12% 4% 7%1% Women 68% 14% 5% 12% 1% Age Groups Age 18-35 73% 13% 5% 9% 1% Age 36-55 75% 11% 4% 9% 1% Age 56 and older 66% 20% 5% 9% 1% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 62% 31% 2% 4% 1% Central 75% 11% 5% 9% <1% Baghdad* 78% 6% 4% 13% <1% South 74% 12% 5% 9% 1% Urbanicity Urban 75% 12% 4% 9% 1% Rural 70% 15% 5% 10% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
It has had a lot of negative impact It has had some negative impact It has had little negative impact It has not had any negative impact Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 56 In the past 12 months, how often, if at all, have you had to do a favor, give a gift or pay a bribe?
All Respondents 2%3% 7% 13% 74% 1%
Regions
<1% Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 8% 6% 1% 84%
Central 4% 4% 9% 15% 68% 1%
Baghdad* 3% 4% 7% 15% 71% <1%
South 1%2% 7% 13% 76% <1%
Urbanicity
Urban 2% 3% 6% 14% 74% 1%
Rural 2% 3% 8% 13% 73% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Daily Weekly Monthly Less frequently Not at all Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 57 What is the greatest cause of corruption in our country?
Lack of government control and 35% oversight
The actions of business leaders 29% and oligarchs
Poverty and necessity 16%
Other 7%
Custom and history 5%
Education levels of citizens 4%
There is no corruption 1%
Don't know/Refused to answer 2%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
58 In your dealings with the government, how important are personal contacts and/or relationships to get things done?
All Respondents 55% 21% 9% 15% 1%
Regions
Iraqi Kurdistan 4% 69% 25% 3% <1%
Central 57% 21% 7% 15% <1%
Baghdad* 46% 25% 10% 19% 1%
South 52% 18% 11% 17% 1%
Urbanicity
Urban 54% 22% 9% 15% 1%
Rural 56% 21% 8% 14% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant Not at all Don't know/Refused to answer *Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 59 Freedom of Speech and Sources of Information Freedom of speech in a democracy could be understood as the “right to express one’s opinions without censorship, restraint or legal penalty.” How strongly do you agree or disagree that freedom of speech exists in our country?
All Respondents 23% 25% 16% 35% 2% Gender Men 25% 27% 17% 31% 1% Women 21% 22% 15% 41% 1% Age Groups Age 18-35 23% 25% 17% 35% 1% Age 36-55 24% 26% 15% 33% 2% Age 56 and older 14% 19% 18% 41% 8% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 1% 10% 23% 58% 9% Central 18% 27% 13% 41% <1% Baghdad* 35% 25% 12% 28% 1% South 27% 28% 18% 26% 1% Urbanicity Urban 22% 24% 17% 35% <1% Rural 24% 26% 15% 33% 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don't know/Refused to answer *Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 61 For each of the following items, please tell me if you consider it a form of offensive language or not.
92% Language that is hurtful 7% <1%
92% Language that is derogatory, meaning to put someone down 7% 1%
91% Language that is obscene 8% 1%
88% Language that is sectarian 11% Offensive language 1% 83% Not offensive language Language that is gender based 16% 1% Don't know/Refused to 79% answer Language that is ethnic based 20% 1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%62 How interested or uninterested are you in political news and information?
All Respondents 23% 32% 14% 31% 0% Gender Men 27% 35% 13% 26% 0% Women 18% 29% 15% 37% 0% Age Groups Age 18-35 22% 33% 14% 32% 0% Age 36-55 26% 31% 13% 30% 0% Age 56 and older 23% 27% 18% 33% 0% Regions Iraqi Kurdistan 5% 34% 20% 40% 1% Central 25% 29% 12% 33% <1% Baghdad* 27% 32% 12% 28% 0% South 25% 33% 14% 28% 0% Urbanicity Urban 23% 32% 14% 31% <1% Rural 24% 31% 13% 32% 0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very interested Somewhat interested Somewhat uninterested Very uninterested Don't know/Refused to answer
*Regions disaggregation for Baghdad is from the Baghdad governorate sample and is unweighted. 63 Freedom of speech in a democracy could be understood as the “right to express one’s opinions without censorship, restraint, or legal penalty.” How strongly do you agree or disagree that freedom of speech exists in our country?
How interested or uninterested are Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree you in political news and Don't know/Refused to answer information? <1%
Interested (n=2,326) 26% 27% 16% 30% 2% 45% 55%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Interested Uninterested Uninterested 18% 21% 17% 40% 3% Don't know/Refused (n=1,910)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
64 Which of the following types of media do you do you consider most trustworthy for political news and information?
None of these is trustworthy 37%
Iraqi non-state media 19%
Iraqi state media 16%
Citizen produced media content 12%
Arab media 8%
Western international media 4%
Don't know/Refused to answer 5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
65 How often, if ever, do you use the internet or social media?
Daily or almost daily 75%
Several times a week 6%
Weekly 3%
Monthly 1%
Less often 3%
Never 12%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
66 How frequently do you encounter information in the media, including social media, that you believe is misleading or false?
Daily or almost daily 46%
Several times a week 18%
Weekly 13%
Monthly 5%
Less often 7%
Never 11%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
67 When you encounter information in the media that you believe is misleading or false, which if any of the following steps do you take?
I try to confirm the information 62% 37% 1% from another source
I discuss the information with 59% 40% 1% someone
I ignore the information 57% 41% 1%
I respond and refute the information with other factual 43% 55% 2% sources
I report it to the platform or 26% 73% 2% group administrator
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Take Do not take Don't know/Refused to answer
68 To what extent is misleading or false information in the media problematic for our country?
All Respondents 57% 24% 6% 10% 3%
Gender
Male 61% 23% 6% 8% 2%
Female 53% 25% 7% 12% 3%
Age Groups
Age 18-35 59% 24% 7% 10% 1%
Age 36-55 56% 25% 5% 10% 4%
Age 56 and older 49% 25% 8% 6% 11%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very problematic Somewhat problematic Somewhat unproblematic Very unproblematic Don't know/Refused to answer
69 Demographics Demographics
80% 70% 70% 66%
60% 52% 50% 48%
40% 38% 30% 30% 28% 27% 21% 21% 20% 14% 10% 10% 7% 8% 5% 6% 4% 4% 4% 5% 5% 6% 3% 3% 4% 4% 3% 2% 3%
0%
Men
Erbil
Babil
Rural
Basra
Najaf
Wasit
South
Anbar
Urban
Diyala
Duhok
Kirkuk
Missan
Central
Women
Dhi Dhi Qar
Karbala
Nineveh
Baghdad Baghdad
Qadisyah
Salahidin
Muthanna
Age 18-35 Age Age 36-55 Age
Sulaymaniah
Iraqi Kurdistan Iraqi Age 56Age and older Gender Age Urbanicity Region Governorate
71 Demographics
35% 31% 30%
25% 22% 20% 20% 16% 17% 15% 14% 15% 15% 9% 9% 10% 7% 5% 3% 3% 4% 5% 2% 2% 2% 3% <1% <1%
0%
Other
Retired
Homemaker
Student/pupil
Vocational training Vocational
Don't Don't know/Refused Don't know/Refused
No education formal
Post-graduate Post-graduate degree
Self-employed full-time
Self-employed part-time
Complete primary school Complete primary
Incomplete primaryIncomplete school
Complete secondary schoolComplete secondary
Incomplete secondary school Incomplete
Unemployed, looking for a job aUnemployed, for looking
Complete university education Complete university
Incomplete university education university Incomplete
Employed in a paid jobin Employed paid full-time a
Employed in a paid jobin Employed paid part-time a Unemployed, not looking forjob looking a Unemployed, not Educational Attainment Occupation
72 Center for Insights in Survey Research 202.408.9450 | [email protected] www.IRI.org | @IRI_Polls
Pollster logo here; Height=1.67”; Hyperlink to website