Yearbook of Statistics Singapore, 2019 Issn 2591-7919
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YEARBOOK OF STATISTICS SINGAPORE, 2019 ISSN 2591-7919 © Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade & Industry, Republic of Singapore Reproducing or quoting any part of this publication is permitted, provided this publication is accredited as the source. Please refer to the Statistics Singapore Website Terms of Use (www.singstat.gov.sg/terms-of-use) for more details on the conditions of use of this publication. Statistical activities conducted by the Singapore Department of Statistics are governed by the provisions of the Statistics Act (Cap. 317). The Act guarantees the confidentiality of information collected from individuals and companies. It spells out the legislative authority and responsibility of the Chief Statistician. The Act is available in the Department’s Website (www.singstat.gov.sg). The “Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2019” is the fifty‐second edition of an annual flagship publication by the Singapore Department of Statistics (DOS). It provides a comprehensive and current statistical record of the key socio‐demographic and economic characteristics of Singapore. Through this publication, users are able to gain a snapshot of the Singapore economy and population based on the latest available information. Improvements are continually made to the Yearbook to enhance its value to users. New data series on topics of interest are added as and when appropriate. The Yearbook currently contains 275 tables organised into 27 chapters. In addition to the Yearbook, the Department disseminates official statistics on Singapore through a range of electronic and mobile services. These include the Statistics Singapore website, SingStat mobile application and SingStat Express. Users may download softcopies of statistical publications via the SingStat website for free. For users with specific data requirements, the Department’s Statistical Information Services offer personalised assistance on a cost‐recovery basis. The data series in the Yearbook are compiled by DOS as well as other government ministries and departments, statutory boards and private organisations. I would like to extend my deep appreciation to all the organisations that have contributed to the success of this publication. I look forward to your continued readership and support. Wong Wee Kim Chief Statistician Singapore Aug 2019 Our Vision National Statistical Service of Quality, Integrity and Expertise Our Mission We deliver Insightful Statistics and Trusted Statistical Services that Empower Decision Making Our Guiding Principles Professionalism We adhere to professional ethics and develop statistical competency & Expertise to produce quality statistics that comply with international concepts and best practices. Relevance We produce statistics that users need and trust. & Reliability Accessibility We make our statistics readily available through user-friendly platforms. Confidentiality We protect the confidentiality of information collected by us. Timeliness We disseminate statistics at the earliest possible date while maintaining data quality. Innovation We constantly seek ways to improve our processes, leveraging on new technology where feasible, to deliver better products and services to users. Collaboration We engage users on data needs, data providers and respondents on supply of data, and undertake the role of national statistical coordination. Effectiveness We optimise resource utilisation, leveraging on administrative and alternative data sources to ease respondent burden. ii Page Preface i Notes on Changes and Revisions xv Infographics on the Singapore Economy and Population 1 Statistical Tables Climate and Air Quality 2 Population 6 Households 30 Labour and Productivity 41 National Accounts 65 International Accounts 78 Investment 86 Research and Development 93 The Corporate Sector 99 Formation and Cessation of Business Entities 104 Agriculture, Animal Production and Fisheries 113 Manufacturing 117 iii (cont’d) Page Building, Real Estate, Construction and Housing 129 Services 148 International Trade 158 Transport 182 InfoComm and Media 198 Tourism 204 Finance 211 Public Finance 239 Prices 257 Education and Literacy 280 Health 203 Hawkers and Food Establishments 320 Community Services 324 Culture and Recreation 336 Miscellaneous 348 Information Dissemination Services 359 iv LIST OF TABLES BY SECTION Page Climate and Air Quality 2 1.1 Air Temperature and Sunshine 4 1.2 Relative Humidity and Rainfall 4 1.3 Air Pollution Levels 5 Population 6 2.1 Singapore Population Size and Growth by Residential Status 10 2.2 Vital Rates 11 2.3 Singapore Residents by Age Group and Sex, End‐June 12 2.4 Singapore Residents by Age Group, Ethnic Group and Sex, End‐June 2018 13 2.5 Resident Age‐Specific Fertility Rates 14 2.6 Live‐Births by Ethnic Group and Sex 14 2.7 Live‐Births by (a) Birth Order and (b) Place of Occurrence 15 2.8 Resident Age‐Sex Specific Death Rates 16 2.9 Deaths by Broad Group of Causes 19 2.10 Life Expectancy of Singapore Residents at Birth and At Age 65 Years by Sex 20 2.11 Age at First Marriage and Divorce 21 2.12 Resident Age‐Sex Specific Marriage Rates 22 2.13 Grooms by Age Group 23 2.14 Brides by Age Group 24 2.15 Marriages Registered by Ethnic Group of Couple 25 2.16 Resident Age‐Sex Specific Divorce Rates 26 2.17 Divorces and Annulments by Age Group of Males 27 2.18 Divorces and Annulments by Age Group of Females 28 2.19 Divorces and Annulments by Ethnic Group of Couple 29 Households 30 3.1 Resident Households by Household Size 33 3.2 Resident Households by Type of Dwelling 34 3.3 Average Household Size of Resident Households by Type of Dwelling 35 3.4 Resident Households by Tenancy of Household 36 3.5 Home Ownership Rates among Resident Households by Type of Dwelling 37 3.6 Monthly Household Income from Work per Household Member among Resident Employed Households 37 3.7 Average Monthly Household Income from Work per Household Member among Resident Employed Households by Deciles 38 3.8 Ratio of Monthly Household Income from Work per Household Member at the 90th Percentile (P90) to 10th Percentile (P10) among Resident Employed Households 39 3.9 Gini Coefficient among Resident Employed Households 40 Page Labour and Productivity 41 4.1 Labour Force 46 4.2 Age‐Specific Resident Labour Force Participation Rates 47 4.3 Age‐Specific Resident Male Labour Force Participation Rates 48 4.4 Age‐Specific Resident Female Labour Force Participation Rates 49 4.5 Employed Residents Aged 15 Years and Over by Occupation 50 4.6 Employed Residents Aged 15 Years and Over by Industry 51 4.7 Government Employees in the Public Service 52 4.8 Government Employees in the Civil Service by Sex 52 4.9 Government Employees in the Statutory Boards by Sex 53 4.10 Central Provident Fund Members by Age Group 54 4.11 Active Central Provident Fund Members by Age Group 54 4.12 Active Central Provident Fund Members by Industry 55 4.13 Employment Services 56 4.14 Changes in Value Added Per Worker by Industry 57 4.15 Multifactor Productivity: Contributions to Growth in Real GDP 58 4.16 Indices of Unit Labour Cost by Industry 58 4.17 Gross Monthly Income from Work (including Employer CPF) of Full‐Time Employed Residents 59 4.18 Average Weekly Paid Hours Worked Per Employee by Industry 59 4.19 Average Monthly Recruitment Rate by Industry and Occupational Group 60 4.20 Average Monthly Resignation Rate by Industry and Occupational Group 61 4.21 Singapore Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ) Trainees by Age, Highest Qualification Attained, and Sex 62 4.22 Singapore Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ) Trainees by Level of WSQ Statement of Attainment 63 4.23 Trade Unions and Membership 64 4.24 Labour Relations 64 National Accounts 65 5.1 Output, Saving and Investment 68 5.2 Gross Domestic Product by Industry 69 5.3 Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product 70 5.4 Private Consumption Expenditure 72 5.5 Gross Fixed Capital Formation 73 5.6 Gross Domestic Product Deflators by Industry 74 5.7 Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product Deflators 74 5.8 Income Components of Gross Domestic Product 75 5.9 Gross Operating Surplus by Industry 75 5.10 Compensation of Employees by Industry 76 5.11 Other Taxes Less Subsidies on Production by Industry 77 Page International Accounts 78 6.1 Balance of Payments 81 6.2 Singapore International Investment Position 83 6.3 External Debt 84 Investment 86 7.1 Stock of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore by Industry 88 7.2 Stock of Singapore's Direct Investment Abroad by Activity Abroad 88 7.3 Stock of Foreign Direct Investment in Singapore by Region/Country 89 7.4 Stock of Singapore's Direct Investment Abroad by Region/Country 90 7.5 Investment Commitments in Manufacturing and Services by Industry 91 7.6 Investment Commitments in Manufacturing and Services by 92 Country of Origin Research and Development 93 8.1 Organisations Performing R&D by Sector 95 8.2 R&D Manpower by Occupation and Sex 95 8.3 R&D Expenditure by Area of Research, 2017 96 8.4 R&D Expenditure by Type of Costs, 2017 96 8.5 R&D Expenditure by Sector 97 8.6 R&D Expenditure by Major Industry in the Private Sector 97 8.7 R&D Output 98 The Corporate Sector 99 9.1 Total Equity by Industry 101 9.2 Total Assets by Industry 101 9.3 Returns on Equity by Industry 102 9.4 Returns on Assets by Industry 102 9.5 Equity Ratios of Companies by Industry 103 9.6 Current Ratios of Companies by Industry 103 Formation and Cessation of Business Entities 104 10.1 Formation of All Business Entities by Type 106 10.2 Cessation of All Business Entities by Type 106 10.3 Formation of All Business Entities by Industry 107 10.4