International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN NO: 2279-543X

“STUDY OF DIVERSITY FROM BARAMATI REGION, PUNE, INDIA’’ Shekhar T. Phadtare1 and Sadhana D. Deshpande2 1Shri. Jagdish Prasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Vidyanagari, Jhunjunu-Churu Road, Chudela, Dist. Jhunjhunu – 333001, Rajasthan. 2Department of Zoology, Vidya Pratishthan’s Arts, Science and Commerce College, Baramati. Dist. Pune State- Maharashtra ABSTRACT Study of is important as they are important part of the ecosystem. Baramati region shows diverse variation in geographical distribution which affects on moths diversity. So moth diversity was studied from Baramati region from two sites in the month of June to August 2014. Moths were collected by using mercury light traps (160 W). The purpose of the study was to collect information on moth diversity. Numbers of families like Nymphalidae, Sphingidae, Bombycidae, etc. were recorded.

Key words: Moths, Diversity, Light Trap, Baramati

INTRODUCTION Biodiversity and natural resources form the root of all living system. India is fortunate enough to be ranked sixth among the twelve mega biodiversity country (Singh, 2004). Its biological resources include 50,000 species of plants and 81,000 species of . The biodiversity of our country is severely threatened and some species, which are abundantly found, have now become rare and some have become extent. , especially moths played an important role in earth ecosystems and has effect on the environment. Recent recorded report is over 1, 27,000 species of moths found all over the world (Alfred et. al. 1998) and over 12,000 species found in India. (Chandra and Neema 2007). Human activity causes threaten to the moth diversity. Now a day’s moths are major agricultural pest in many parts of the world. More than half of the moth species found in grassland, agricultural and forest ecosystem. Light trapping of lepidopteron has been carried out widely in temperate and tropical regions throughout the world (Mohammad Aslam, 2013).

MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Study sites: Biodiversity study of moths was carried out in Baramati region. Baramati is taluka place in Pune district, Maharashtra. It is located at 18.150 N 74.580 E and in the rain shadow and therefore receives

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only around 400-500 mm of average rainfall in the monsoon (Wikipedia). Two sites were selected for moth collection. One site is from irrigation region and another site is from forest region. The site one is Kambleshwar village at south side of Baramati, which is an irrigated area with the agriculture ecosystem. The second site is Nimbodi village at north side of Baramati and is a forest area with the natural ecosystem. The selected sites Kambleshwar and Nimbodi have two different ecosystems.

2. Collection of Moth: A mercury light trap method was used for the collection of moth (fig. 1). White cloth screen (3 x 3.5) was hanging between two poles and extended forward over the ground slightly away from the direct source of mercury light placed. Specimen were collected with the help of mercury light trap, (160 W) from June to August 2014 (Fig.1). Some specimen were collected from a street lamp lights and on flowers during night by battery traps. Specimen were preserved in Zoology laboratory of VPASC College, Baramati. The moths collected from different sites were identified with the available literature (Dube 2007 and P.D. Sharma 2005).

RESULT AND DISCUSSION: During this study, a total 188 specimens of moth were collected from two sites. Total 75 moths were collected at night from the Kambleshwar site, out of them 07 are common species. 113 specimens were collected from Nimbodi, out of them 10 are common species. Remaining specimens were preserved in the Department of Zoology, Vidya pratishthans College, Baramati. The maximum numbers of specimen were collected using light trap method than other methods. Seven lepidopteron families like Nymhalidae, Bombycidae, Sphingidae, Noctuidae, Arctiidae, Hyblaeidae, and Pyralidae were recorded. Total 17 common species belonging to order were recorded from both the sites. Sr. No. Family Site I Site II Total No. of Species

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1 Arctiidae + + 04 2 Bombycidae + - 01 3 Hyblaeidae - + 02 4 Nymhalidae + - 01 5 Noctuidae - + 02 6 Pyralidae + + 03 7 Sphingidae - + 04 Total No. of species 07 10 17 Table No. 1. Collection record from two sites [Recorded (+), Not recorded (-)] In fig. no. 2 shows the number of individuals belonging to each family from two sites in Baramati region. The highest number of moths belonged to family Pyralidae while Bombycidae specimens.

Number of Individual 60 50 40 30

20 Number of Individual 10 0

Fig. 2 Number of individuals of each family of moth. In figure no. 3 collected lepidopteron were analyzed according to this habitat and the result show that 33% population was from agricultural ecosystem (site I) and 66 % was from forest ecosystem (site II)

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The environmental and climatic changes effect on moth diversity. Baramati Taluka has different ecological area as mentioned earlier. Less number of moth species were recorded from Kambleshwar (site I) as compared to the Nimbodi (site II). This shows that natural ecosystem is rich in moth diversity.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my thanks to Principle, V. P.A.S.C. College, Baramati. Also I would like to thank my colleagues Dr. R. B. Gaikwad, Dr. R. P. Patil for their encouragement and support has added new dimensions to my knowledge. REFERENCE 1. A.B. Sudeep, R.Khushiramani, S.S. Athawale, A.C. Mishra and D.T. Mourya (2005). Characterization of a newly established potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) cell line. Indian J Med Res 121, pp 159-163. 2. B. Horvath (2013). Diversity comparison of nocturnal macrolepidoptera communities (Lepidoptera: Macroheterocera) in different forest stands. Natura Somogyiensis. Page no. 229- 238. 3. D.V. Stojanovic and Srecko B. Curcic (2011). The Diversity of Noctuid Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Serbia. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica. 63 (1): 47-60. 4. D. Adiroubance and P. Kuppammal (2010). Lepidopteran fauna of Agri-Horticultural ecosystem in Karaikal region. Journal of Biopesticides 3 (1 Special Issue) 001-010 (2010). 5. E.G. White (1991). The Changing Abundance of Moths In a Tussock Grassland, 1962-1989, And 50- To 70- Year Trends. New Zealand Journal Of Ecology, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1991. 6. G. Brehm (2005). Diversity and community structure of geometrid moths of disturbed habitat in a montane area in the Ecuadorian Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera. 38: 1-14. 7. H. Noori, and J. Shirazi (2012). A Study on Some Biological Characteristics of Olive Leaf Moth, Palpita Unionalis Hubner (Lep: Pyralidae) in . J. Agr. Sci. Tech. Vol. 14: 257-266 38

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8. H.S. Rose (2001). An Inventory of the Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera) of Jatinga, Assam, India. Zoos Print Journal 17(2): 707-721. 9. I. Kehimkar, Moths of India Book. 10. J. Kashefi, G.P. Markin and J.L. Littlefield (2008). Field studies of the biology of the moth gilveolella (Treitschke) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae ) as a potential biocontrol agent for . xII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 568-572. 11. J. D. Palting (2013). Preliminary Assessment of the Moth (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) Fauna of Rincon de Guadalupe, Sierra de Bacadehuachi, Sonora, Mexico. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS- P- 67. Page no. 169- 172. 12. J. H. Itamies et. al. (2012). Climate Change and Shifts in the Distribution of Moth Species in Finland, with a Focus on the Province of Kainuu. Climate Change- Geophysical Foundations and Ecological Effects. Page No. 273- 296. 13. L.N. Kakati and B.C. Chutia (2009). Diversity and ecology of wild sericigenous insects in Nagaland, India. Tropical Ecology 50 (1):137-146. 14. R. Vausanean (1992). Distribution and abundance of diurnal Lepidoptera on a raised bog in southern Finland. Ann. Zool. Fennici 29: 75-92. 15. R. M. Al-Mehmmady (2008). Biological Studies on the Okra Moth, Earias vittela (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 16. S.P. French, M. G. French and R. R. Knight (1994). Grizzly Bear Use of Army Cutworm Moths in the Yellostone Ecosystem. International Conference Bear Research and Management. 9 (1): 389- 399. 17. S. Chelliah and K. Srinivasan. Bioecology and Management of Diamondback Moth in India. Ecology and Management of DBM in India. Page No. 63-76. 18. S. Khaghaninia and Reza Farshbaf Pourabad (2009) Investigation on Biology of Olive Leaf Worm Palpita Unionalis HB. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Constant Laboratory Condition. Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 4 No. 3 19. V. Beskardes (2012). Lepidoptera fauna of Yuvacik dam watershed in Kocaeli, . African Journal of Agricultural Research. Vol. 7(11), PP. 1749-1754, 19 March, 2012. 20. V. Shubhalaxmi et. al. (2011). Inventory of Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of the Northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural Society, 108 (3).

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