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Filière Informatique De Gestion Travail de diplôme 2008 Filière Informatique de gestion Web 3.0 – Déploiement OntoNostra Etudiant : Francesco Nicola De Palma Professeur : Anne Le Calvé www.hevs.ch 11.. TTAABBLLEE DDEESS MMAATTIIEERREESS 1. Table des Matières.............................................................................................. 2 2. Présentation ........................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Description du travail ................................................................................ 4 2.2 Déroulement du projet .............................................................................. 5 2.3 Travail à réaliser ....................................................................................... 6 2.4 Structure du document ............................................................................. 9 3. Introduction au Web 3. 0 ....................................................................................10 3.1 RDF ........................................................................................................ 12 3.2 FOAF ...................................................................................................... 15 3.3 SPARQL ................................................................................................. 17 3.4 Ontologies/OWL ..................................................................................... 20 4. Architecture ........................................................................................................21 4.1 Serveur central ....................................................................................... 23 4.2 p2p.......................................................................................................... 25 4.3 Evolution possible................................................................................... 26 4.4 REST ...................................................................................................... 27 4.4.1. HTTP Définition code .......................................................................... 30 5. Identification .......................................................................................................31 5.1 Indentification des serveurs Ontomeas................................................... 31 5.2 Indentification des Données – L’URI....................................................... 32 5.2.1. Personnes........................................................................................... 35 5.2.2. Fichiers/Images................................................................................... 36 5.2.3. Lieux - Geonames............................................................................... 37 6. Authentification...................................................................................................40 6.1 OpenID ................................................................................................... 41 6.1.1. Exemples d’utilisation d’OpenID :........................................................ 42 6.1.2. Conclusions......................................................................................... 50 6.2 Simile et ses outils .................................................................................. 51 7. Web Services .....................................................................................................52 8. Outils Utilisés......................................................................................................54 8.1 Tomcat Apache....................................................................................... 54 8.2 Axis 2.0................................................................................................... 54 8.3 SVN (Subversion) ................................................................................... 55 8.4 ANT ........................................................................................................ 55 9. Stockage ............................................................................................................56 9.1 D2R server ............................................................................................. 57 9.2 Jena SDB ............................................................................................... 58 9.3 Conclusion.............................................................................................. 61 De Palma Francesco Nicola Page 2 sur 97 Hes-so, Valais juin 2008 9.3.1. PostegreSQL....................................................................................... 62 10. Sécurité ..............................................................................................................63 11. Scénarios ...........................................................................................................66 11.1 Ajout d’informations ................................................................................ 66 11.2 Recherche d’informations ....................................................................... 69 12. Installation et Configuration ................................................................................71 12.1 Base de données.................................................................................... 72 12.2 Keystore (Securité) ................................................................................. 74 12.3 Serveur Web........................................................................................... 75 12.3.1. ANT..................................................................................................... 75 12.3.2. Tomcat ................................................................................................ 76 12.3.3. Axis ..................................................................................................... 78 12.3.4. WSE 3.0 et Visual STudio................................................................... 81 13. Conclusion..........................................................................................................83 14. Déclaration sur l’honneur....................................................................................86 15. Glossaire ............................................................................................................87 16. Index...................................................................................................................92 16.1 Bibliographie........................................................................................... 92 16.2 Table des illustrations ............................................................................. 95 16.3 Table des tableauX................................................................................. 96 17. Liste des Annexes ..............................................................................................97 17.1 Cahier des charges................................................................................. 97 17.2 Feuilles Ms Project ................................................................................. 97 17.3 Feuilles des Heures ................................................................................ 97 17.4 Cooluris .................................................................................................. 97 17.5 Rest traduction........................................................................................ 97 De Palma Francesco Nicola Page 3 sur 97 Hes-so, Valais juin 2008 22.. PPRRÉÉSSEENNTTAATTIIOONN 2.1 DESCRIPTION DU TRAVAIL Memoria-Mea est un projet de gestion de données personnelles composé par une multitude de modules distincts entre eux. Ces modules fournissent toutes sortes d’informations liées à un utilisateur (ses données personnelles, ses relations, ses fichiers multimédias, ses données géographiques, …) au moteur sémantique OntoMea. Ce mini-serveur se trouve en local, dans la machine de l’utilisateur, est intégré avec un moteur sémantique central OntoNostra qui lui se trouve à travers le web. Il relie un OntoMea aux autres OntoMea dans le monde. Le web sémantique permet de mettre à disposition des données non plus exclusivement aux utilisateurs mais également aux ordinateurs. Ces données qui décrivent des données sont appelées métadonnées et sont structurées selon des normes établies par le W3C. Actuellement OntoMea, développé par l'institut informatique de gestion de la HES-SO Valais, est un prototype de moteur sémantique permettant de gérer une base de connaissances et d’effectuer des déductions de nouvelles informations grâce à un moteur d’inférences intégré. Ce moteur déduit des informations grâce à des ontologies définies. Les informations ne se trouvent qu’en local ce qui implique plusieurs restrictions telles que : ¾ Un utilisateur ne peut pas y accéder lorsqu'il est sur une autre machine ou en voyage (intéressé de pouvoir déposer des informations nouvelles). ¾ Pas de réel partage de l'information entre utilisateurs sinon par envoi de fichiers. ¾ Impossibilité aux serveurs locaux de s’identifier entre eux. Par conséquence, pas de possibilité d’avoir une zone publique, privée ou semi-publique ¾ On pourrait profiter de la puissance des technologies du Web sémantique pour déduire de nouvelles informations lorsque l'on met ensemble des multitudes de données de plusieurs utilisateurs. Le but de ce travail de diplôme est de choisir une architecture et de créer des web services et un démonstrateur qui passe d'un OntoMea local à un grand serveur
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