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Science, Technology and Innovation In K Y M C C M Y K Science, Technology and Innovation in STATISTICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTRE FOR ISLAMIC COUNTRIES SENEGAL Kudü s Cad. No:9 Diplomatik Site 06450 ORAN-Ankara, Turkey Tel: (90-312) 468 61 72-76 Fax: (90-312) 468 57 26 Email: [email protected] Web: www.sesric.org SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION IN SENEGAL ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION STATISTICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTRE FOR ISLAMIC COUNTRIES (SESRIC) © 2017 All rights reserved High standards have been applied during processing and preparation stage to maximize the accuracy of the data included in this work. The denominations and other information shown on any illustrative section or figure do not imply any judgment on the part of the SESRIC concerning the legal status of any entity. Besides it denies any responsibility for any kind of political debate that may arise using the data and information presented in this publication. The boundaries and names shown on the maps presented in this publication do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the SESRIC. The material presented in this publication is copyrighted. By the virtue of the copyright it claims and as it encourages dissemination of its publications for the sake of the OIC Member Countries, SESRIC gives the permission to view, copy, download, and print the material presented provided that these materials are not going to be reused, on whatsoever condition, for commercial purposes. For permission to reproduce or reprint any part of this publication, please send a request with complete information to the Publication Department at Kudüs Cad. No: 9, Diplomatik Site, 06450 Oran, Ankara – Turkey. ISBN: 978-975-6427-56-9 Cover design by Savaş Pehlivan, Publication Department, SESRIC. For additional information, contact Publication Department, SESRIC through: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. I PREFACE .................................................................................................................................. III FOREWORD .............................................................................................................................. V DISCLAIMER ........................................................................................................................... VII ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................... IX METHODOLOGY AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................... XV 1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY ..................................................................................... 1 1.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 THE CONCEPT OF INNOVATION .................................................................................................. 2 1.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTERS ............................................................................................................. 3 1.3.1 MAPPING ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 PEOPLE ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.3 PLACES ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.4 BUSINESS ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.5 CULTURE ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3.6 SUSTAINABILITY ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3.7 COLLABORATION ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.3.8 PROGNOSIS .................................................................................................................................................. 5 2. SECTORAL CHAPTERS ........................................................................................................ 7 2.1 MAPPING ...................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL GOVERNANCE ................................................................................ 8 2.1.3 FUNDING OF SENEGALESE STI/R&D ..................................................................................................... 13 2.1.4 SENEGALESE RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY ............................................................................................. 20 2.1.5 BRIGHT SPOTS ........................................................................................................................................... 27 2.2 POPULATION .............................................................................................................................. 30 2.2.1 DISPARITY, YOUTH AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY ....................................................................................... 30 2.2.2 GENDER ...................................................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.3 EDUCATION AND TRAINING ................................................................................................................... 31 2.2.4 HEALTH ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.2.5 HUMAN RESOURCES FROM THE DIASPORA .......................................................................................... 39 2.3 PLACES ........................................................................................................................................ 39 2.3.1 LOCATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL POTENTIAL OF SENEGAL ............................................ 39 2.3.2 HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS ........................................................................ 40 2.3.3 OTHER RESEARCH CENTRES .................................................................................................................. 44 |TABLE OF CONTENTS i 2.3.4 OTHER TECHNICAL INSTITUTIONS FOR INNOVATION AND ADDING VALUE TO RESEARCH ........ 51 2.4 BUSINESS .................................................................................................................................... 54 2.4.1 ADDING VALUE TO RESEARCH RESULTS .............................................................................................. 54 2.4.2 TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION PROBLEMS IN SENEGAL ................................................................... 55 2.4.3 BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ..................................................................................................................... 56 2.5 CULTURE ..................................................................................................................................... 58 2.5.1 CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS HERITAGE ................................................................................................. 58 2.5.2 POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE CULTURE ...................................................................................... 59 2.6 SUSTAINABILITY ........................................................................................................................ 60 2.6.1 KEY SECTORS ............................................................................................................................................. 60 2.6.2 POLICIES, PROGRAMMES AND NATIONAL PROJECTS .......................................................................... 68 2.6.3 OVERAL ANALYSIS BY SECTOR ............................................................................................................... 71 2.7 COLLABORATION ....................................................................................................................... 76 2.7.1 NATIONAL COLLABORATION .................................................................................................................. 77 2.7.2 REGIONAL COLLABORATION .................................................................................................................. 77 2.7.3 INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION ....................................................................................................... 79 2.8 PROGNOSIS ................................................................................................................................. 81 2.8.1 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF RESEARCH IN SENEGAL ............................................................ 81 2.8.2 ADVENT OF THE NATIONAL POLICY FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION.................. 86 2.8.3 GENERAL PROSPECTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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