Advancing Earthquake Science Worldwide
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Frank Press 1924–2020
perspectives KEN FULTON AND MARCIA MCNUTT Remembering Frank Press 1924–2020 Frank Press, portrait by Jon Friedman, 1995 rogress in the authoritative use of scientific evidence Press was born on December 4, 1924, and grew up in New to guide wise government policy is a story of people, York City, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants. He recalled ideas, and institutions. As an example, Frank Press being a poorly performing student in the public school Plaunched Issues in Science and Technology as a vehicle to system until sixth grade, when a pair of glasses allowed him provide a forum in which a community of experts could to read the blackboard. Early on, he developed an interest share their experiences, opinions, and proposals for in science from reading periodicals such as Popular Science advancing science in the public interest under the banner and Popular Mechanics, but it was a high school geology of a trusted, nonpartisan science policy institution. It is teacher who ignited his interest in the geosciences. While therefore most fitting that we highlight here Press’s many conducting an assigned magnetic survey of Van Cortland contributions to science policy through his ideas and the Park in the Bronx, he realized that with geophysics he could institutions he built. apply his aptitude for physics to explore the unknown. 20 ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY perspectives Press completed a physics major at City College of New excitation of Earth’s free oscillations for the very first time, York in 1944 in just two and a half years, studying year- thus deriving new information about the structure of Earth’s round as was common during the war years. -
Contents List of Tables List of Figures
Archival search for felt reports for the Alaska earthquake of August 27, 1904 Item Type Report Authors Tape, Carl Download date 02/10/2021 08:27:09 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/6589 Archival search for felt reports for the Alaska earthquake of August 27, 1904 [Part B] Carl Tape, University of Alaska Fairbanks, [email protected] Last compiled: July 3, 2017 Overview These notes are an addendum to Tape et al. (2017). They are available at the Scholarworks@UA website and can be cited as Tape (2016). There are two pdf documents part of the collection. This is Part B, which contains supplemental information on seismological history that is relevant to the time period of the 1904 Alaska earthquake. Part A covers details on what we found within the archival collections that we searched. Acknowledgments The idea to look at monthly meteorological reports for earthquake felt reports (e.g., Lawson, 1904; Howard, 1904) came from a blog entitled “Forgotten Earthquake of October 1922,” by Dr. Brian Brettschnei- der. I thank Dr. James Dewey of the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Earthquake Information Center for helpful discussions about historical seismology and macroseismic data (i.e., shaking intensi- ties). I thank Kara and Skip (Albert E. Theberge, Jr.) at the NOAA Central Library for directing me to the online documents available through NOAA (including annual Weather Bureau reports), and for providing me with background on the Cooperative Observers Program. Contents B1 Crustal earthquakes in central Alaska 2 B2 Supplement on historical seismology relevant to the 1904 earthquake 2 B2.1 Excerpts from USGS annual reports . -
NEPEC) 1 September 2016, 12:00 to 2:00 PM EDT, Via Phone and Webex
Meeting summary: National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council (NEPEC) 1 September 2016, 12:00 to 2:00 PM EDT, via phone and Webex Main topics: 1. Completion of NEPEC statement on proper posing and testing of earthquake predictions. 2. Updates on previous topics. 3. Chair transition. Note: Copies of presentations noted below available on request to Michael Blanpied <[email protected]>. Agenda: The meeting was opened at 12:05 PM, with members, speakers and guests joined by phone and logged into a Webex session for sharing of slide presentations. After a roll call (attendees are listed at the end of this summary) and review of the agenda, Mike Blanpied and Bill Leith thanked and praised Terry Tullis for his outstanding service as chair of the NEPEC, and welcomed Roland Bürgmann to the chairmanship. Discussion of draft NEPEC statement, with goal of completing for delivery to USGS Tullis asked members for comments on a draft report, “Evaluation of Earthquake Predictions,” which the council has prepared at the request of USGS. Hearing no comments, Tullis thanked a writing team that had led the final phase of document development, and declared the document final and approved. Decision: NEPEC declared final their opinion document, “Evaluation of Earthquake Predictions.” Action: Tullis to send the report with cover letter to USGS Director Suzette Kimball. Update on Pacific Northwest earthquake communication plan development Joan Gomberg summarized progress of a project that aims to create an earthquake risk communications plan for the Casacadia region encompassing the western reaches of Washington, Oregon, northern California and British Columbia. NEPEC had earlier identified the need for such a plan, noting that it will be challenging for earthquake science experts residing in many federal, state and private institutions to swiftly agree on data interpretation and conclusions when faced with “situations of concern” such as a large offshore earthquake, large subduction interface creep event, or maverick earthquake prediction that catches public attention. -
Earth and Planetary Sciences at UC Santa Cruz
Earth and Planetary Sciences at UC Santa Cruz Fall 2014 2014 Field Methods Class http://eps.ucsc.edu Earth and Planetary Sciences at UC Santa Cruz Chair’s Welcome Fall 2014 Dear Alumni and Friends, Overall, it’s been a pretty good year for the Earth and Plane- Table of contents tary Sciences Department. Our faculty continue to sweep up awards, we have new faces appearing, our students and alumni continue to make us proud, and new curricular efforts Chair’s Welcome 2 are emerging. Departmental 3 Our Honors list for the year includes: a Sloan Foundation News Fellowship was awarded to planetary scientist Ian Garrick- Bethell; emeritus faculty Jim Gill was named an AGU Fel- Slug science 4 low; AGU’s John Adam Fleming Medal was awarded to round-up Gary Glatzmaier; and finally, our illustrious seismic col- Slugs in the Field 5-6 league Thorne Lay collected hardware like a crazed home- repairperson, being elected to the National Academy of Sciences (that’s a biggy…), winning the Inge Lehmann Medal of the AGU, and winning the Harry Fielding Reid Medal of the Seismol- Undergrad & 7-9 ogical Society of America. Graduate Degrees and awards As part of the natural evolution of a vibrant Department, we’ve had some transitions in the last year. We were pleased to hire Xi Zhang, a Caltech Ph.D. who will arrive in the summer of Chuck Lawson: 10- 2015: he’s an expert on planetary atmospheres. Isotope geochemist Terry Blackburn, hired last Forty-one Years 11 year, finished up his post-doc at the Carnegie Institute and arrived this past summer. -
A Reason to Study Earthquakes: the Jewel of the West Loses Its Lustre—By Glenn Dolphin
A reason to study earthquakes: The Jewel of the West loses its lustre—by Glenn Dolphin In the last half of the 19th century in the United States, the city of San Francisco, with the promise of gold, grew in prominence and population (Dalessandro, 2006; James, 1911). The city’s location on the coast of the Pacific made it an attractive destination for those seeking wealth, and during those last years of the 1800s, the population doubled almost monthly. In fact, by the early 1900s, a full 25% of the US population living west of the Rocky Mountains, were located in or near the city limits of this coastal city. It was clearly thriving, with 17 cable car lines, 37 banks, and three opera houses. The city rivalled https://sfbay.ca/2012/04/18/1906-hundreds-dead/ New York City for imports and exports, and was referred to as The Jewel of the West, and Paris of the Pacific. Some noteworthy historical figures got also got their start there. A German immigrant saw the need for miners to have durable work clothes and began cutting cotton tarps and dying them blue. His name was Levi Straus. In the 1850s, Henry Wells and William Fargo founded a financial institution that today still bears their names. They conducted business by stagecoach and by ship, and by the early 1900s they maintained thousands of offices countrywide. During the early morning hours of April 18th, 1906, most people were sleeping, though some were just heading home after a full night of revelry,when the earth began to shake violently and continuously for almost a minute. -
Presidential Files; Folder: 11/22/77; Container 52
11/22/77 Folder Citation: Collection: Office of Staff Secretary; Series: Presidential Files; Folder: 11/22/77; Container 52 To See Complete Finding Aid: http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/library/findingaids/Staff_Secretary.pdf TIIE PRESIDENT'S SCHEDULE Tuesday - November 22,1977 8:15 Dr. Zbigniew Brz.ezinski The Oval Office . 8:45 .Hr . Frank Moore The Oval Office. 10:00 Medal of Science Awards. (Dr. Frank Press). ·Room 450, EOB. I \ 10:30 Mr. Jody Powell The Oval Office. 11:00 Presentation of Diplomatic Credentials. (Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski} - The Oval Office. 11:45 Vice President Walter F. Mondale, Admiral Stansfield Turner, and Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski. The Oval Office. 12:30 Lunch \..,-::_ th Hrs. Rosalynn Carter ·- The Ovctl Office. 2:00 Budget Review Meeting. (Mr. James Mcintyre). ( 2 hrs.) The Cabinet Room. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON \"~ Date: November 22, 1977 l\ vo\ \'~ MEMORANDUM t)lDifll FOR ACTION: '" FOR INFORMATION: Stu Eizenstat ~t""'"' Frank Moore (Les Francis)~ The Vice President Jack Watson Bob Lipshutz Jim Mcintyre FROM: Rick Hutcheson, Staff Secretary SUBJECT: Adams memo dated 11/22/77 re Response to the Boston Plan and Location of Rail Maintenance Facilit.y in the Northeast Corridor YOUR RESPONSE MUST BE DELIVERED TO THE STAFF SECRETARY BY: TIME: 11:00 AM DAY: Monday DATE: November 28, 1977 ACTION REQUESTED: _x_ Your comments Other: STAFF RESPONSE: __ I concur. __ No comment: Please note other comments below: PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please telephone the Staff Secretary immediately. -
Prepared Rebuttal Testimony of John Geesman on Behalf
California Energy Commission Case No: A.12-11-009 DOCKETED Exhibit No: A4NR-1 13-IEP-1J Witness: John Geesman TN 71511 JUL 02 2013 Application of Pacific Gas and Electric ) Company for Authority, Among Other Things, ) to Increase Rates and Charges for Electric and ) Application 12-11-009 Gas Service Effective on January 1, 2014. ) (Filed November 15, 2012) (U 39 M) ) __________________________________________ ) ) And Related Matter. ) Investigation 13-03-007 __________________________________________) PREPARED REBUTTAL TESTIMONY OF JOHN GEESMAN ON BEHALF OF THE ALLIANCE FOR NUCLEAR RESPONSIBILITY BEFORE THE PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA JUNE 28, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. PURPOSE OF THIS TESTIMONY……………………………………………………………………2 II. PG&E’s REFUSAL TO APPLY LICENSE-REQUIRED TESTS TO NEW SEISMIC INFORMATION……………..…………………………………………………………………………….4 III. PG&E’s INTERNAL EMAILS …………………………………………………………………………6 IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF MORE CONSERVATIVE DAMPING ASSUMPTIONS………………………….………………………………………………………………..8 V. NRC STAFF’S DETERMINATION OF LICENSE VIOLATION ……………………………10 VI. PECULIAR COMMENTS FROM NEW NRC BRANCH CHIEF ……………………......13 VII. WITHDRAWAL OF PG&E’s LAR; DDE ANALYSES DEFERRED TO 2015…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………..15 VIII. NRC ENFORCEMENT FORBEARANCE = DE FACTO LICENSE AMENDMENT? ...........…………………………………………………………………………....19 IX. SELECTING THE WRONG LEVEL SSHAC ..…………………………………………………..22 X. PACKING THE SSHAC WITH PG&E INSIDERS................................................23 XI. OPENLY EMBRACING COGNITIVE BIAS........................................................24 -
People, Land & Water
At 5:12 in the morning on April 18, 1906, the Bay Area was literally thrown from bed by what was dubbed “The Great San Francisco Earthquake” and has become the most famous earthquake in U.S. history. 4 PEOPLE, LAND & WATER ★ April 2006 The Great San Francisco Earthquake A Moment of Magnitude for By David Hebert n December 1904, a University of California at Berkeley geology professor named Andrew Lawson wrote the following in the university’s America and for Science newspaper: “History and records show that earthquakes in this locality have never been of Ia violent nature, as so far as I can judge from the na- ture of recent disturbances and from accounts of past occurrences there is not occasion for alarm at present.” Less than two years later, he might have considered a retraction. At 5:12 in the morning on April 18, 1906, the Bay Area was literally thrown from bed by what was dubbed “The Great San Francisco Earthquake” and has become the most famous earthquake in U.S. history. Starting under the Pacifi c, just off the coast of the San Francisco peninsula, the magnitude-7.9 temblor grew until it had caused shaking and damage along nearly 300 miles of the then-unknown San Andreas Fault in Northern California. Strong shaking lasted for nearly a minute, and in some places along the fault, the earth moved more than 25 feet. For those who were there, it was surely a singular experience. “My sensations … were of being on ship in a gale pounding against the rocks, being thrown this way and that, then up in the air, and dropped with a sickening thud that took away my breath,” said Melissa Stewart McKee Carnahan in her 1908 book documenting her personal experiences of the earthquake. -
An "Exceedingly Delicate Undertaking": Sino-American
An "exceedingly delicate undertaking": Sino-American science diplomacy, 1966–78 LSE Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/102296/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Millwood, Peter (2019) An "exceedingly delicate undertaking": Sino-American science diplomacy, 1966–78. Journal of Contemporary History. ISSN 0022-0094 (In Press) Reuse Items deposited in LSE Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the LSE Research Online record for the item. [email protected] https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/ An “Exceedingly Delicate Undertaking”: Sino-American Science Diplomacy, 1966–78 Pete Millwood International History Department, London School of Economics In the first half of the twentieth century, China sought to modernize through opening to the world. Decades of what would become a century of humiliation had disabused the country of its previous self-perceived technological superiority, as famously expressed by Emperor Qianlong to the British envoy George Macartney in 1793. The Chinese had instead become convinced that they needed knowledge from outside to become strong enough to resist imperial aggression. No country encouraged this opening more than the United States. Americans threw money and expertise at the training of Chinese students and intellectuals. The Rockefeller Foundation’s first major overseas project was the creation of China’s finest medical college and other US institutions followed Rockefeller’s lead by establishing dozens of Chinese universities and technical schools to train a new generation of Chinese scientists. -
ALBERT PADDOCK CRARY 1911-1987 Noted Exploration Geophysicist Albertp
OBITUARY / 89 ALBERT PADDOCK CRARY 1911-1987 Noted exploration geophysicist AlbertP. Crary diedin Wash- exceptional man becauseof his abilityto combine his genius as a ington, D.C., Thursday afternoon, October 29, 1987, of com- scientific explorer with his qualities as a human being. For this plications following spinal tumor surgery.Known as the “father” he will be remembered by those of us who werehis compatriots of theAmerican Antarctic science program and, earlier, a in science and friends inlife. ” leading researcher inthe Arctic, Crary conducted a broad range “Bert Crary, perhaps more than any other person, brought of scientific observationsin Polar regions, incidentally becom- modem geophysics to the study of ice and the landin the polar ing the first person to have set foot on both North and South regions,” said Dr. Mark F. Meier, director of the Institute of Poles. Arctic and AlpineResearch, University of Colorado. Science editor of The New York Times, Walter S. Sullivan, Jr., said, “To me, Bert Crary represented the finest in polar explorers and scientists. In contrast to so many, he was not driven by vanityor ego but by the advancementof knowledge. And he was a wonderful humanbeing.” Other colleagues reacted similarlyto news of his death. Dr. William O. Field, Jr., former head of theDepartment of Exploration and Field Researchof the American Geographical Society, found him “a great scientist, a great companion, and a great friend. I’m proud to have been associated withhim.” Dr. Richard P. Goldthwait, founder and first director of the Institute of Polar Studies, The Ohio State University, said, “He was a great man at the endof an era of getting into the Antarctic and learning aboutit. -
Office of Science and Technology (Frank Press)
441 Freedom Parkway NE Atlanta, GA 30307 http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov Records of the Office of Science and Technology Policy: A Guide to Its Records at the Jimmy Carter Library Collection Summary Creator: Office of Science and Technology Policy Title: Records of the Office of Science and Technology Policy Dates: 1977-1981 Quantity: 8 linear feet, 18 Containers Identification: Accession Number: 80-1 National Archives Identifier: 1086 Scope and Content: This collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, notes, briefing materials, publications, news clippings, and phone messages. Also included are invitations, photographs, statistical charts, and reports. The material relates to the environment, energy, transportation, and conservation. Creator Information: Office of Science and Technology Policy This office was headed by Frank Press who became Science Advisor to President Carter and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) in 1976. The OSTP grew out of the Office of Science and Technology which was formed in 1961 by President John F. Kennedy. The office was created to provide recommendations and advice in response to the growing importance of space exploration. The office advised the President and others within the Executive Office of the President on the effects of science and technology concerning domestic and international affairs. The office served as a source of scientific and technological analysis and judgment for the President with respect to major policies, plans, and programs of the federal government. The OSTP lead an effort to develop and implement sound science and technology policies and budgets. Frank Press focused on increasing government commitment to basic research, evaluating the impact of federal regulations on the economy, and providing analyses of a national energy policy. -
1 Agenda 2016 UJNR Meeting, Napa, CA Wednesday, 16 November 2016 08:30 Welcoming Remarks (Dr. William Leith, Mr. Masato Kano)
1 Agenda 2016 UJNR Meeting, Napa, CA Wednesday, 16 November 2016 08:30 Welcoming Remarks (Dr. William Leith, Mr. Masato Kano) Session 1 National Policies, Strategies Programs, Networks, and ongoing/upcoming Projects 08:45 William Leith “Update on the Earthquake Hazards Program” 09:00 Gerald Bawden “DeVelopment of a GNSS-Enhanced Tsunami Early Warning System” 09:15 Naoshi Hirata “Japanese earthquake researches for seismic and tsunami disaster reduction” 09:30 Gerald Bawden “NISAR – NASA and ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar Mission OVerView of the mission and science objectiVes” 09:45 Elizabeth Cochran “The Path Towards Public Earthquake Early Warning for the Western U.S.” 10:00 Morgan Moschetti “The 2014 Update of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model” 10:15 Gavin Hayes “Recent advances in earthquake response and research at the USGS NEIC” 10:30-10:45 Break Session 2 The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence 10:45 Noriko Kamaya “The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake - OVerView of the Seismic ActiVity and New Guidelines for the Seismic Forecast Information after Big Earthquakes” 11:00 Masayuki Yoshimi “Strong ground motion of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake obserVed in the midst of seVerely damaged area” 11:15 Norimitsu Nakata “Seismicity and structure responses following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake” 2 11:30 Takahiko Uchide “Fault model of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake inferred from hypocenter distribution and strong-motion records” 11:45 Tomokazu Kobayashi “Detailed ground surface displacement and fault ruptures of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence