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Vision 2030 and Reform in Saudi Arabia: Facts and Figures April 2015 - April 2021

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Vision 2030 and Reform in Saudi Arabia: Facts and Figures April 2015 - April 2021 Vision 2030 and Reform in Saudi Arabia: Facts and Figures April 2015 - April 2021 Foreword by Saud al-Sarhan Special Report May 2021, Ramadan 1442 H 1 Vision 2030 and Reform in Saudi Arabia: Facts and Figures April 2015 - April 2021 Special Report Table of Contents Forward 8 Women’s Empowerment 11 Key Quotes 11 Key Facts 12 Appointments 15 Employment 18 Events 22 Family, Guardianship and Domestic Matters 23 Religion and Tolerance 24 Key Quotes 26 Key Facts 27 Appointments 28 Events 28 Education and Preaching 30 Meetings 31 Pilgrims 33 Religious Police 34 Culture, Sports and Entertainment 35 Key Quotes 35 Key Facts 35 Events 38 Sports 38 Film Industry 39 Tourism 41 5 Table of Contents Investment and Employment 44 Key Quotes 44 Key Facts 44 Companies 46 Global Indexes 47 Investment 48 Anti-Corruption 51 Private Sector 53 Employment 54 Sponsorship Program ‘kafala’ 56 Special Needs 57 Labor Rights 57 G20 58 Infrastructure 58 Renewable Energy and the Environment 61 NEOM and Other Giga Projects 66 Counterterrorism 69 Key Quotes 69 Key Facts 70 Specific Areas 74 Judicial Reform 74 Miscellaneous 75 6 Appendix 78 Women’s Rights 78 2016 78 2017 78 2018 79 2019 80 2020 81 2021 81 Sports, Culture and Entertainment 82 2017 82 2018 83 2019 85 2020 87 2021 89 Investment, Finance and Fiscal Policy 90 2017 90 2018 92 2019 93 2020 95 2021 97 7 Forward HRH Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s unveiling of Saudi Vision 2030 and the National Transformation Program (NPT) on 25 April 2016 signified a turning point for the Kingdom. The Crown Prince demonstrated his intention to drive the Kingdom into a future envisioned and desired by the Kingdom’s aspirational, interconnected young Saudi men and women, and championed by a member of their generation. Vision 2030 is an ambitious and wide-ranging plan to diversify Saudi Arabia’s economy, reduce its reliance on oil, and increase foreign investment, transforming the Kingdom’s economic model by establishing the private sector as an engine for growth and jobs. Saudi Vision 2030 comprises three main pillars: A Vibrant Society; A Thriving Economy; and An Ambitious Nation.(1) To achieve the goals of these three pillars the government has implemented societal and economic reforms to create a more prosperous, outward-looking, and tolerant Kingdom. This KFCRIS report provides the historical context to the achievements of Saudi Vision 2030, through a five year overview of key decisions and initiatives that have facilitated the delivery of Vision 2030 objectives. These decisions and initiatives are presented across five thematic sections: women’s empowerment; religion and tolerance; culture, sports and entertainment; investment and employment; and counterterrorism. The section dedicated to each theme documents the major transformations with key facts, related quotes, and relevant references. Subsections focus on important issues within each theme. The appendix provides additional reporting on Saudi Arabia’s reform efforts. This report complements previous KFCRIS reports on Saudi Arabia’s Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic(2) and Saudi Arabia’s Religious Education Reform.(3) KFCRIS will provide regular updates for full and up-to-the-minute documentation of the Kingdom’s ongoing reform initiatives. (1) Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, “Saudi Vision 2030,” accessed March 4, 2021, https://www.vision2030.gov.sa/sites/default/files/ report/Saudi_Vision2030_EN_2017.pdf. (2) Freddie Neve, “Saudi Arabia’s Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic”, King Faisal Center for Research & Islamic Studies, 2020, https://www.kfcris.com/en/research/corona. (3) Najah Al-Otaibi, “Vision 2030: Religious Education Reform in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” King Faisal Center for Research & Islamic Studies, September, 2020, https://kfcris.com/en/view/post/305. 8 This timely report underscores the extent and the significance of Saudi Arabia’s societal and economic reform initiatives, which have been welcomed by the Kingdom’s primarily youthful population, and highlights the speed of their formulation and implementation. This wide ranging list of societal and economic reforms in a single document offers an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, policy-makers and media representatives, among others. Its remit is to provide not an analysis of Saudi Arabia’s reforms, but access to raw data that can be utilized for analytical studies of the Kingdom’s reform program. Dr. Saud al-Sarhan Secretary-General of King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies 9 Note: · The report does not claim to include every fact and figure related to the significant and rapid changes brought about by Vision 2030. It will be regularly updated to include more past and ongoing changes. · The positions of officials mentioned in the report are accurate according to the date of the fact cited. Some officials may have changed positions since then. 10 Women’s Empowerment The lifting of the ban on women driving on 24 June 2018 attracted global media coverage.(4) But Saudi Arabia has also introduced other steps to relax Saudi Arabia’s guardianship laws, enhance women’s role in society, and improve their access to employment. Key Quotes I just want to remind the world that American women had to wait long to get their right to vote. So we need time. We have taken many steps. In King Salman’s time, women were able to vote for the first time and twenty women won in these elections. Women can now work in any sector. In business and commerce, as a lawyer, in the political field and in all sectors. Women can carry out any job they want. What is left is that we support women for the future and I don’t think there are obstacles we can’t overcome… We look at citizens in general and women are half of this society and we want it to be a productive half.” – HRH Mohammed bin Salman, April 2017.(5) [On being asked whether women were equal to men] “We are all human beings and there is no difference.” – HRH Mohammed bin Salman March 2018.(6) More than 90 percent of pious Muslim women in the Muslim world do not wear abayas. So we should not force women to wear abayas.” – Sheikh Abdullah al-Mutlaq, member of the Council of Senior Scholars, February 2018.(7) (4) “Saudi Arabia Driving Ban on Women to Be Lifted,” BBC News, September 17, 2017, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle- east-41408195. (5) Alexandria Gouveia, “Saudi’s Prince Mohammed Bin Salman Talks Women’s Rights,” Emirates Woman, April 7, 2016, https:// emirateswoman.com/saudi-prince-mohammed-bin-salman-talks-womens-rights/. (6) Ben Hubbard, “Saudi Crown Prince, in His Own Words: Women Are ‘Absolutely’ Equal,” New York Times, March 18, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/18/world/middleeast/mohammed-bin-salman-saudi-arabia-60-minutes.html. (7) “Saudi Women Should Not Have to Wear Abaya Robes, Top Cleric Says,” BBC News, February 10, 2018, https://www.bbc.com/ news/world-middle-east-43017148. 11 Key Facts · A Brookings Institution report in April 2021 noted that “the share of Saudi women in the labor market expanded by an incredible 64 percent in just two years” pointing to Vision 2030 as the driver behind that.(8) · A report released by the World Bank in January 2020 notes that Saudi Arabia has made the most significant improvement globally in terms of women’s legal gains, having implemented a number of reforms affecting women’s mobility, sexual harassment and retirement age.(9) · In August 2015, women were allowed to vote and run for office in municipal elections. In December 2015, 38 women were elected or appointed to municipal councils.(10) · Several women have been appointed to senior positions within the Kingdom under Vision 2030, and several industries have hired women for the first time. · The Ambassador to the USA,(11) the Assistant Minister of Trading and Investment,(12) the CEO of Samba Financial Group,(13) the CFO of Arab National Bank,(14) the Head of Dammam Airport,(15) the Permanent Representative to UNESCO,(16) the Assistant Mayor of al-Khobar Governorate,(17) the Deputy Minister for Women’s Empowerment at the (8) Sofia Gomez Tamayo, Johannes Koettl, and Nayib Rivera, “The Spectacular Surge of the Saudi Female Labor Force,” The Brookings Institution, April 21, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2021/04/21/the-spectacular-surge-of- the-saudi-female-labor-force/. (9) Ellen Wulfhorst, “Saudi Arabia Leads in Women’s Legal Gains at Work, World Bank Says,” Reuters, January 14, 2020, https:// www.reuters.com/article/us-global-women-work-trfn-idUSKBN1ZD2NV. (10) Lulwa Shalhoub, “Saudi Women in Municipal Councils: One Year On,” Arab News, December 15, 2016, https://www.arabnews. com/node/1024376/saudi-arabia. (11) “Three Royal Orders Issued 3 Riyadh,” Saudi Press Agency, February 23, 2019, https://www.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang= en&newsid=1889383#1889383. (12) “FaceOf: Iman Al-Mutairi, Saudi Assistant Commerce Minister,” Arab News, December 29, 2018, https://www.arabnews.com/ node/1427271/saudi-arabia. (13) Elise Knutsen, “Rania Nashar: Saudi Arabia’s First Female CEO of A Commercial Bank,” Forbes, July 23, 2017, https://www. forbesmiddleeast.com/leadership/ceo/rania-nashar-saudi-arabias-first-female-ceo-of-a-commercial-bank. (14) Zahraa Alkhalisi, “Women Take Three Top Jobs in Saudi Finance,” CNN Business, February 20, 2017, https://money.cnn. com/2017/02/20/investing/saudi-arabia-women-finance/. (15) Jason Lemon, “This Woman Is Now the Head of a Saudi Airport,” Step Feed, May 15, 2017, https://stepfeed.com/this-woman-is- now-the-the-head-of-a-saudi-airport-9018?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=PagePost. (16) Mariam Nabbout, “This Saudi Princess Is Now Representing the Kingdom at the UNESCO,” Step Feed, January 16, 2020, https:// stepfeed.com/this-saudi-princess-is-now-representing-the-kingdom-at-the-unesco-4267.
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