DOCSLIB.ORG

Final Report for 2012 Edna Bailey Sussman Internship Grant

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Final Report for 2012 Edna Bailey Sussman Internship Grant Final Report for 2012 Edna Bailey Sussman Internship Grant Assessing the Habitat Characteristics of the Fragrant Cliff Fern (D. fragrans L. Schott) in Regards to Climate Change and Recreational Land Use Jessica R. Bouchard SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Summary of Proposed Work: Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott (fragrant fern) is a globally secure but rare fern in the Northern Forests region of the eastern United States. It has a circumpolar distribution in the northern hemisphere, with the southernmost distribution reaching the temperate Northern Forests, a 10.52 million hectare land area that stretches from eastern Maine through New Hampshire and Vermont and into northern New York. D. fragrans has State Heritage Program Ranks of S1 in NY, representing between 1-5 occurrences, S2 in both VT and NH, representing between 6-20 occurrences in each state, and S3 in ME, representing 21-35 occurrences. Reduced habitat suitability near D. fragrans range margin may be responsible for its sparse distribution and small population sizes. Atypical of wood ferns, it occurs in crevices on cliff faces within the Northern Forests, and is most threatened not only by climate warming but also recreational land use. The purpose of this internship was to assist Dr. Scott Bailey, my co-adviser and a soil scientist with the USDA Forest Service, in establishing the habitat characteristics of 16 D. fragrans populations throughout the Northern Forests of NY, VT, NH, and ME. The objectives of this research were to: 1) measure and record vegetative factors at each site; 2) measure and record edaphic factors at each site; and 3) compile and submit data to Dr. Bailey for analysis of habitat characteristics. The goal of this internship is to provide baseline information on the habitat requirements of D. fragrans in the Northern Forests. Data obtained from this internship experience will reveal populations most threatened by extirpation and inform decision makers on the most appropriate long-term management plan. Habitat characteristics will eventually be correlated with my thesis research, which involves investigating the genetic and phenotypic diversity of peripheral D. fragrans populations in the Northern Forests, as a comprehensive approach to assess how this species is responding to a warmer climate and its potential to withstand future climate change. Work Completed: During the summer of 2012 I visited 16 D. fragrans populations to record vegetative and 1 edaphic habitat characteristics, to collect water samples from cliff seeps, and to install temperature logging Ibuttons. The sixteen population sites (n=16) were divided among four states, NY, VT, NH, and ME, with four sites per state. Cliff face plots for habitat analysis measured 250m², and were centered around the largest accessible group of D. fragrans at each site. Vegetative measurements included an estimated count of D. fragrans individuals, identification of vascular plants, estimation of percent cover by vegetation, and estimation of percent cover by bryophytes. Measured edaphic habitat characteristics included Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), elevation, aspect, cliff height, cliff shape (overall angle and shape as well as micro-habitat structures such as overhangs, benches, etc. in the immediate vicinity of D. fragrans), joint description, spacing and orientation of joints, talus type, angles of open sky, percent sky shaded by vegetation, and the vegetative community above and below the cliff. Three IButtons (Embedded Data Systems) were installed per site, on the trunks of trees at approximately eye level, and were set to record air temperature every 65 minutes for one year to characterize the climate at each cliff. All attempts were made to space IButtons equal distances from each other on trees that were nearest the cliff face plots. Where present, water seeps were obtained either by syringing moss or by collecting drips directly from seeps. Lithology and rock samples were collected by Bailey, and he will determine mineralogy by optical petrography. Water seep samples will be tested by Bailey for concentration of major ions and pH. Data for each site was entered into an Excel spreadsheet and sent to Bailey. Throughout the field season my work was supervised by Dr. Bailey via meetings, phone conversations, and emails. All necessary permits were obtained to access the cliffs that D. fragrans inhabits in the Northern Forests. Preliminary Results: Although full analysis of habitat characteristics will be completed by Scott Bailey, I have compiled preliminary descriptive statistics on some of the vegetative factors recorded in the 250m² plot at each site. The percent vascular plant cover on each plot ranged between 0.5% to 35%, with NH-RM (Rattlesnake Mountain, NH) having the lowest cover by vascular plants and NH-IG (Ice Gulch, NH) having the greatest (Fig. 1). All but two plots had less than 10% vascular plant cover, indicating predominantly sparse vegetation and what appears to be low productivity on the cliff face plots. This observation may provide insight on the level of competition that is occurring in these cliff plant communities. 2 Percent Vascular Plant Cover at Each Site 40% s t NY-AZ NH-IG n 35% a l NY-HP NH-RM P 30% r NY-WR NH-MM a l u 25% c NY-HR NH-CH s a 20% VT-DM ME-AC V y b 15% VT-OH ME-RG r e v 10% VT-MM ME-KM o C VT-ME ME-SM 5% % 0% Sites Figure 1. Percent vascular plant cover on the 250m² plot at each site. Percent cover by bryophytes ranged from 0.5% to 45%, and VT-OH (Owl's Head, VT), ME-KM (Mt. Kineo, ME), ME-SM (Soubunge Mountain, ME), and NH-RM (Rattlesnake Mountain, NH) all had the lowest percent cover and NH-IG (Ice Gulch, NH) had the highest. The majority of plots (n=13) were sparsely covered by bryophytes and exhibited <5% cover. Bryophytes were most often associated with fractures on the cliff face and features such as shelves, overhangs, caves, and ceilings. Percent Bryophyte Cover at Each Site 50.00% 45.00% NY-AZ NH-IG s e t 40.00% NY-HP NH-RM y h NY-WR NH-MM p 35.00% o y r 30.00% NY-HR NH-CH B y 25.00% VT-DM ME-AC b r 20.00% e VT-OH ME-RG v o 15.00% VT-MM ME-KM C 10.00% % VT-ME ME-SM 5.00% 0.00% Sites Figure 2. Percent bryophyte cover on the 250m² plot at each site. An estimated inventory of D. fragrans was conducted within each plot and along the entirety of 3 most cliff faces where the plots were located, with the exception of a few very long cliffs. Because multiple tiers of cliffs occurred at numerous sites, there may have been additional individuals that were not counted on neighboring cliffs. Therefore it is important to emphasize that this inventory is only an estimate, as counts were performed only on the cliffs where plots were positioned. The number of individuals found on each cliff ranged from 10 to >150. Table 1. Estimated number of D. fragrans individuals at each site. Location Estimated no. of Df individuals NY-AZ 10 NY-HP 11 NY-WR >85 NY-HR 30 VT-DM >150 VT-OH 42 VT-MM 14 VT-ME 91 NH-IG 28 NH-RM 89 NH-MM 61 NH-CH 86 ME-AC 10 ME-RG >150 ME-KM >15 ME-SM 140 Future Work: Future work will include revisiting the 16 sites next summer to collect and extract data from Ibuttons. The diurnal temperature fluctuations and monthly and seasonal temperature means, minima, and maxima will be statistically compared across all sites. Following analysis of habitat characteristics, results will be correlated to the genetic and phenotypic diversity study to understand population dynamics and identify the most appropriate management plan. 4 Cliff face at Deer Mountain, VT with numerous D. fragrans individuals Close up of D. fragrans at Deer Mountain, VT 5.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ferns of the National Forests in Alaska
    Ferns of the National Forests in Alaska United States Forest Service R10-RG-182 Department of Alaska Region June 2010 Agriculture Ferns abound in Alaska’s two national forests, the Chugach and the Tongass, which are situated on the southcentral and southeastern coast respectively. These forests contain myriad habitats where ferns thrive. Most showy are the ferns occupying the forest floor of temperate rainforest habitats. However, ferns grow in nearly all non-forested habitats such as beach meadows, wet meadows, alpine meadows, high alpine, and talus slopes. The cool, wet climate highly influenced by the Pacific Ocean creates ideal growing conditions for ferns. In the past, ferns had been loosely grouped with other spore-bearing vascular plants, often called “fern allies.” Recent genetic studies reveal surprises about the relationships among ferns and fern allies. First, ferns appear to be closely related to horsetails; in fact these plants are now grouped as ferns. Second, plants commonly called fern allies (club-mosses, spike-mosses and quillworts) are not at all related to the ferns. General relationships among members of the plant kingdom are shown in the diagram below. Ferns & Horsetails Flowering Plants Conifers Club-mosses, Spike-mosses & Quillworts Mosses & Liverworts Thirty of the fifty-four ferns and horsetails known to grow in Alaska’s national forests are described and pictured in this brochure. They are arranged in the same order as listed in the fern checklist presented on pages 26 and 27. 2 Midrib Blade Pinnule(s) Frond (leaf) Pinna Petiole (leaf stalk) Parts of a fern frond, northern wood fern (p.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Transcriptome Analysis and Characterization of Dryopteris Fragrans
    Lu et al. BMC Genomics (2018) 19:471 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-4843-2 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Global transcriptome analysis and characterization of Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott sporangium in different developmental stages Zhen Lu1, Qingyang Huang1,3, Tong Zhang1, Baozhong Hu2* and Ying Chang1* Abstract Background: Dryopteris fragrans (D. fragrans) is a potential medicinal fern distributed in volcanic magmatic rock areas under tough environmental condition. Sporangia are important organs for fern reproduction. This study was designed to characterize the transcriptome characteristics of the wild D. fragrans sporangia in three stages (stage A, B, and C) with the aim of uncovering its molecular mechanism of growth and development. Results: Using a HiSeq 4000, 79.81 Gb clean data (each sample is at least 7.95 GB) were obtained from nine samples, with three being supplied from each period, and assembled into 94,705 Unigenes, among which 44,006 Unigenes were annotated against public protein databases (NR, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, KOG, GO, eggNOG and Pfam). Furthermore, we observed 7126 differentially expressed genes (DEG) (Fold Change > 4, FDR < 0.001), 349,885 SNP loci, and 10,584 SSRs. DEGs involved in DNA replication and homologous recombination were strongly expressed in stage A, and several DEGs involved in cutin, suberin and wax biosynthesis had undergone dramatic changes during development, which was consistent with morphological observations. DEGs responsible for secondary metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction changed clearly in the last two stages. DEGs homologous to those known genes associated with the development of reproductive organs of flowering plants have also been validated and discussed, such as AGL61, AGL62, ONAC010.
    [Show full text]
  • Transcriptomic Analysis and Specific Expression of Transcription Factor
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Transcriptomic Analysis and Specific Expression of Transcription Factor Genes in the Root and Sporophyll of Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott Lingling Chen, Dongrui Zhang, Chunhua Song, Hemeng Wang, Xun Tang and Ying Chang * College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (D.Z.); [email protected] (C.S.); [email protected] (H.W.); [email protected] (X.T.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 July 2020; Accepted: 28 September 2020; Published: 2 October 2020 Abstract: Background: Dryopteris fragrans, which is densely covered with glandular trichomes, is considered to be one of the ferns with the most medicinal potential. The transcriptomes from selected tissues of D. fragrans were collected and analyzed for functional and comparative genomic studies. The aim of this study was to determine the transcriptomic characteristics of wild D. fragrans sporangium in tissues from the SR (root), SL (sporophyll), and TRL (sporophyll with glandular trichomes removed). Results: Cluster analysis identified genes that were highly expressed in an organ-specific manner according to read mapping, feature counting, and normalization. The functional map identified gene clusters that can uniquely describe the function of each tissue. We identified a group of three tissue-specific transcription factors targeting the SL, SR, and TRL. In addition, highly expressed transcription factors (TFs) were found in each tissue-specific gene cluster, where ERF and bHLH transcription factors were the two types showing the most distinct expression patterns between the three different tissues. The specific expression of transcription factor genes varied between the different types of tissues.
    [Show full text]
  • Hybrid Origin of the Apogamous Fern Dryopteris Hondoensis (Dryopteridaceae)
    ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 67 (3): 133–146 (2016) Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica doi: 10.18942/apg.201609 Editor-in-Chief TAMURA, Minoru N. (Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan) Hybrid Origin of the Apogamous Fern Dryopteris hondoensis Editors (Dryopteridaceae) EBIHARA, Atsushi (Tsukuba, Japan) NAIKI, Akiyo (Taketomi, Japan) 1,* 2 1 FUKUHARA, Tatsundo (Munakata, Japan) TAKAMIYA, Masayuki (Kumamoto, Japan) KIYOTAKA HORI , YASUYUKI WATANO AND NORIAKI MURAKAMI FUSE, Shizuka (Kyoto, Japan) TSUBOTA, Hiromi (Hiroshima, Japan) IKEDA, Hiroshi (Tokyo, Japan) WATANO, Yasuyuki (Chiba, Japan) KUROSAWA, Takahide (Fukushima, Japan) YONEKURA, Koji (Sendai, Japan) 1 Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University,1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan. *[email protected] (author for correspondence); 2Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Editorial Board Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan AZUMA, Hiroshi (Kyoto, Japan) NISHIDA, Harufumi (Tokyo, Japan) BOUFFORD, David E. (Boston, U.S.A.) NISHIDA, Sachiko (Nagoya, Japan) We report that the triploid apogamous species Dryopteris hondoensis Koidz. shares its sequences with FUJII, Shinji (Okazaki, Japan) OHMURA, Yoshihito (Tsukuba, Japan) the D. erythrosora complex (D. erythrosora, D. caudipinna and D. koidzumiana) and D. chinensis at two KAWAKUBO, Nobumitsu (Gifu, Japan) PAK, Jae-hong (Taegu, Korea) nuclear markers (PgiC and GapCp). This is the first report of reticulate evolution between subg. Erythr- MURAKAMI, Noriaki (Hachioji, Japan) PENG, Ching-I (Taipei, Republic of China) ovariae sect. Erythrovariae, to which D. erythrosora, D. caudipinna and D. koidzumiana and D. hon- NAGAMASU, Hidetoshi (Kyoto, Japan) TAKAHASHI, Hideki (Sapporo, Japan) doensis belong, and sect. Aemulae of subg.
    [Show full text]
  • Small-Flowered Woodrush (Luzula Parviflora (Ehrh.) Desv.)
    Conservation Assessment for Small-flowered Woodrush (Luzula parviflora (Ehrh.) Desv.) PLANTS Database 2001 USDA Forest Service, Eastern Region July 2003 Prepared by: Ramona Shackleford Hiawatha National Forest This document is undergoing peer review, comments welcome This Conservation Assessment/Approach was prepared to compile the published and unpublished information on the subject taxon or community; or this document was prepared by another organization and provides information to serve as a Conservation Assessment for the Eastern Region of the Forest Service. It does not represent a management decision by the U.S. Forest Service. Though the best scientific information available was used and subject experts were consulted in preparation of this document, it is expected that new information will arise. In the spirit of continuous learning and adaptive management, if you have information that will assist in conserving the subject taxon, please contact the Eastern Region of the Forest Service Threatened and Endangered Species Program at 310 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 580 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53203. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 6 NOMENCLATURE AND TAXONOMY................................................................................................... 7 DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES
    [Show full text]
  • Dryopteris Fragrans (L.) Schott Fragrant Cliff Woodfern
    Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott fragrant cliff woodfern State Distribution Best Survey Period Photo by Michael R. Penskar Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Legal status: Special concern glandular, with large, pale, reddish-brown scales at the base. The blade of the frond is from about 6-30 cm Global and state rank: G5/S3 long and up to about 5 cm wide, tapering from the middle to the base and tip, although somewhat more Other common names: Fragrant fern acute at the apex. There are usually about 15-20 pairs or more of pinnae (leaflets) that form the body of the Family: Dryopteridaceae (wood fern family) frond. The pinnae are linear-oblong, with about 6-10 scalloped (crenate) lobes. The sori (sporangia Total range: Dryopteris fragrans is an interruptedly clusters), which are found on the undersides of the circumboreal species with a broad North American pinnae, are relatively large, overlapping, and are borne range. It occurs from Labrador to Alaska, ranging south beneath whitish to brown, glandless indusia (flaps that to Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, cover the sori). A noteworthy characteristic of this Ontario, Upper Michigan, northern Wisconsin, species is the persistence of old fronds that form Minnesota, the Northwest Territories, and northern distinctive brown, curled masses hanging below British Columbia. plants, and which help to immediately distinguish this from other species. State distribution: This fern species is known from four counties in the Upper Peninsula: Dickinson, Fragrant cliff woodfern might be confused with species Gogebic, Keweenaw, and Ontonagon. There are more of woodsia (Woodsia spp.), a similar looking fern genus than 20 records for the state, approximately half of that frequently occurs in the same outcrop habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) As a Case Study
    Systematic Botany (2015), 40(2): pp. 387–399 © Copyright 2015 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists DOI 10.1600/036364415X688844 Date of publication August 10, 2015 What We Do (and Don’t) Know About Ferns: Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) as a Case Study Emily B. Sessa,1,2,6 Li-Bing Zhang,3,4 Henry Va¨re,5 and Aino Jusle´n5 1Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, U. S. A. 2Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, U. S. A. 3Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People’s Republic of China 4Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri 63166, U. S. A. 5Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, 00014, Finland 6Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Communicating Editor: Chrissen E. C. Gemmill Abstract—Ferns are the second largest group of vascular land plants after the angiosperms, but remain chronically underrepresented in studies of plant phylogeny, biogeography, physiology, and genomics. The genus Dryopteris, the woodferns, is a large group with a worldwide distribution, and recent research has made it one of the better understood fern genera and a potential model for understanding many aspects of fern biology and evolution. Here we review historical and current understanding of the genus, and outline promising avenues of future research in ferns for which Dryopteris is an ideal study system, particularly for research on polyploid complexes, biogeographic distributions, and physiological ecology. Keywords—Biogeography, hybridization, morphology, phylogeny, physiology, polyploidy, taxonomy. Dryopteris Adans., commonly known as the wood, shield, this, we still know relatively little about the effects of poly- or buckler ferns (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • ARPR Volume 32 (2018)
    Annual Review of Pteridological Research Volume 32 (2018) ARPR 2018 1 ANNUAL REVIEW OF PTERIDOLOGICAL RESEARCH VOLUME 32 (2018 Publications) Compiled by: Elisabeth A. Hooper & Jenna M. Canfield Under the auspices of: International Association of Pteridologists President Marcelo Aranda, Argentina Vice President S. P. Khullar, India Secretary Arturo Sánchez González, Mexico Treasurer Elisabeth A. Hooper, USA Council members Julie Barcelona, New Zealand Michel Boudrie, French Guiana W. L. Chiou, China Atsushi Ebihara, Japan Michael Kessler, Switzerland Paulo Labiak, Brazil Blanca León, Peru Santiago Pajarón Sotomayor, Spain James E. Watkins Jr., USA and Pteridological Section, Botanical Society of America Alejandra Vasco (BRIT), Chair Published by Printing Services, Truman State University, December 2019 (ISSN 1051-2926) ARPR 2018 2 ARPR 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 5 Literature Citations for 2018 ................................................................................................... 7 Index to Authors, Keywords, Countries, Genera and Species ............................................ 45 Research Interests ................................................................................................................... 65 Directory (Includes respondents to the annual IAP questionnaire) .................................. 71 Cover illustration: Chingia fijiensis Game, S.E. Fawcett
    [Show full text]
  • Rare and Uncommon Native Vascular Plants of Vermont Vermont Natural Heritage Inventory Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department 09 August 2018
    Rare and Uncommon Native Vascular Plants of Vermont Vermont Natural Heritage Inventory Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department 09 August 2018 The Vermont Rare and Uncommon Native Vascular Plants List is produced by the Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department's Natural Heritage Inventory with assistance from the Scientific Advisory Group on Flora of the VT Endangered Species Committee. The Vermont Natural Heritage Inventory is the state’s official repository for records of rare, threatened, and endangered species. Information in the Natural Heritage Database is the result of work of botanists, natural resource professionals and interested amateurs. This list is intended to inform naturalists, biologists, planners, developers and the general public about our rare native flora. It contains a listing of the rare and uncommon, native, vascular plants of Vermont. These species may be rare because they have very particular habitat requirements, are subject to habitat loss, are at the edge of their range, are vulnerable to disturbance or collection, or have difficulty reproducing for unknown reasons. Some taxa on this list are rare varieties of otherwise common or exotic species, and are noted as such. Unless noted, varieties/subspecies on this list can be assumed to be the only varieties/subspecies of the species in Vermont. Species with a state status of Threatened or Endangered (T or E) are protected by Vermont’s Endangered Species Law (10 V.S.A. Chap. 123). Those with a federal status of Threatened or Endangered (LT or LE) are protected by the Federal Endangered Species Act (P.L. 93-205). The state and global ranks are informational categories regarding the rarity and extirpation/extinction risk of the species.
    [Show full text]
  • Pteridologist 2010
    PTERIDOLOGIST 2010 Contents: Volume 5 Part 3, 2010 Education and the BPS Alison Evans 146 Update on ‘Growing ferns in a challenging climate‘ Tim Pyner 147 Pacific Northwest Ferning Sue Olsen 148 Living Walls Alison Paul 151 Fern diversity in French Guiana Michel Boudrie 153 A Maderian Lady’s Fern Paintings Graham Ackers 157 Book Review : The Victorian Fern Craze Jim Dennison 159 Digital Dryopteris: a new approach to fern illustration Peter Barnes & Niki Simpson 160 A Northamptonshire Fern. A R Busby 164 A day in the Lake District with Derek Ratcliffe John Mitchell 165 Reflections on a Disaster Neil Armstrong 166 Footnote on ‘Reflections on a Disaster’ Sheila Tiffin 169 Messrs. W & J Birkenhead: Ferns a Speciality. Yvonne Golding 170 Fern Deaths Martin Rickard 175 Enigmatic Tasmanian Treeferns Jay Wilson 177 The Benefits of Getting Lost Roger Golding 178 An Unusual Antique Fern Model Bryan Smith 179 News from the rock face in Corrie Fee Heather McHaffie 180 Stegnogramma pozoi in Anaga, Tenerife Andrew Leonard 181 The Use of Scales in Tree Fern Identification Daniel Yansura 182 The Silver-Jubilee Symposium of the Indian Fern Society Chris Page & Irina Gureyeva 184 Book Review: The Benmore fernery, celebrating the world of ferns Martin Rickard 185 The Fernery at Southport Botanic Gardens Michael Hayward 186 Book Review: Illustrated Flora of Ferns and Fern-Allies of South Pacific Islands Graham Ackers 190 Recent monitoring of wild populations of Woodsia ilvensis Heather McHaffie 191 Recent developments – polypodium cultivars. Martin Rickard 193 Book Review: Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands Graham Ackers 199 “More Killarney ferns than could be found in Killarney”: The Tropical Ravine House, Belfast Botanic Gardens Sarah Whittingham 200 Recording ferns in the British Isles Fred Rumsey 202 Dryopteris pseudodisjuncta - a new fern for Britain Ken Trewren 205 The Ferns of Flora Danica – Plates and Porcelain Graham Ackers 207 205 Carrying out trials in your garden.
    [Show full text]
  • Annals of the Wild Life Reserve the Writings of Eloise Butler
    Annals of the Wild Life Reserve The Writings of Eloise Butler A Visit to Interstate Park In Search of the Fragrant Fern - 1916 The photographer of the garden [Mary Meeker] and the curator, the later part of August, were so fortunate as to be the guests for a few days of Mr. Hazzard, the Superintendent of the Minnesota Division of the Interstate Park of Minnesota and Wisconsin at Taylor’s Falls. We were given possession of Mr. Hazzard’s summer cottage at the park, which is luxuriously fitted for the accommodation of several guests. Although the park is of primary interest to the geologist on account of its wonderful rock formations, it is a first-class hunting ground for the botanist. Fragrant Fern (Dryopteris fragrans). I will not attempt to describe the geologic features of the place, Photo ©Emmett J. Judziewicz, for I was familiar with them and gave them only a cursory Wisconsin Flora glance, and I was determined to discover, the rare, fragrant fern Aspidium fragrans [Dryopteris fragrans], listed some thirty years ago in Upham’s catalogue of the Flora of Minnesota, at Taylor’s Falls. I have never seen a greater display and denser massing of Polypodium vulgare [Polypodium virginianum - Common Polypody], Woodsia ilvensis [Rusty Woodsia], Camptosorus rhizophyllus [Asplenium rhizophyllum - Walking Fern], Cystopteris bulbifera [Bublet Bladder Fern], and C. fragilis [Brittle Bladder Fern]. All that I had to help me in my search was a mental picture of the illustration of Aspidium frangrans in Clute’s “Ferns and their Allies.” The young and mature fronds of Woodsia ilvensis differ occasionally, and many a time I was falsely lured to climb precipitous ledges.
    [Show full text]
  • European Red List of Lycopods and Ferns
    European Red List of Lycopods and Ferns Mariana García Criado, Henry Väre, Ana Nieto, Rui Bento Elias, Robert Dyer, Yury Ivanenko, Daniella Ivanova, Richard Lansdown, José Antonio Molina, Germinal Rouhan, Fred Rumsey, Angelo Troia, Jan Vrba and Maarten J. M. Christenhusz European Red List of Lycopods and Ferns Mariana García Criado, Henry Väre, Ana Nieto, Rui Bento Elias, Robert Dyer, Yury Ivanenko, Daniella Ivanova, Richard Lansdown, José Antonio Molina, Germinal Rouhan, Fred Rumsey, Angelo Troia, Jan Vrba and Maarten J. M. Christenhusz The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN. This publication has been prepared by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) as a deliverable of the LIFE European Red Lists project (LIFE14 PRE/BE/000001). Project Title: Establishing a European Red List of Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Saproxylic Beetles, Terrestrial Molluscs and Vascular Plants (LIFE European Red Lists; LIFE14 PRE/BE/000001). Project duration: May 2015 to December 2018. Project’s total costs: 1,166,667 EUR. Contribution of the LIFE Programme: 700,000 EUR. The LIFE Programme (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/index.htm) is the EU’s financial instrument supporting environmental, nature conservation and climate action projects throughout the EU. The general objective of LIFE is to contribute to the implementation, updating and development of EU environmental, nature conservation and climate policy and legislation by co- financing projects with European added value.
    [Show full text]