BEST Seminar 2012

Presentation of the ATM, Metropolitan Transport Authority of

Xavier Roselló Assistant Technical Director

24th May 2012 21

Index

1. Barcelona metropolitan region. Basic information 2. Public transport system 3. ATM, Metropolitan Transport Authority 4. Funding 5. Ticket integration 6. The tramway 7. Funding of the tramway 8. L9: The new Metro Line 31

1. Barcelona Metropolitan Region. Basic information. 41 and the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona

Catalonia: 947 municipalities with a surface area of 32,000 km2 and a population of 7.5 million inhabitants.

RMB

Catalunya 51 Metropolitan Region of Barcelona

Metropolitan Region of Barcelona: 164 municipalities and 5.0 million inhabitants

City of Barcelona: 100 km2 1.6 million inhab 61 Population 2011 71 Evolution of the population in the Metropolitan Region 1950-2010

6 000 000 Metropolitan Region 5 000 000

4 000 000

3 000 000 Population 2 000 000

1 000 000 Barcelona

0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Year 81 Modal split. Source: Working day survey, 2011 City of Barcelona

Inside the city 4.90 Mtrips/day

Commuters 1.75 Mtrips/day

13,9% 3,1%

46,9% 50,0% 30,8% 55,3%

On foot + bicycle Public transport Car + motobike On foot + bicycle Public transport Car + motobike 91

2. Public transport system 101 Railway operators

. Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB): Metro and urban bus in Barcelona.

. Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC): Underground and local train

. Rodalies Renfe: Local train.

. Tramvia Metropolità: new tramway, since 2004 111 Bus operators

Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB): Metro and urban bus in Barcelona. Main operator.

Some other 30 private bus companies.. 121 Municipalities outside Barcelona with local bus network

151 Public transport supply 2011

Network Railways Routes Stations Trains (km) TMB Metro 8 103 140 142 FGC 8 145 74 85 Renfe Local trains 5 453 109 170 Tramway 6 29 57 37 Total 27 730 380 434

Network Buses Routes Buses (km) TMB buses 108 920 900 Metropolitan buses 455 11.310 1.050 Buses of other cities 129 1.240 260 Total 692 13.470 2.210 161

Demand: evolution The total number of tickets used in the of passengers metropolitan public transport system in 2011 was 935.4 million, a significant increase of 1.4% over 2010.

Company Passengers Passengers Absolute Relative 2011 2010 increase increase Metro 389.0 381.2 7.8 2.0% TB (City bus) 188.4 189.4 -1.0 -0.6% Total TMB 577.4 570.7 6.7 1.2% FGC 80.5 79.8 0.7 0.9% Renfe Local trains 106.2 103.7 2.5 2.4% Tramway 24.2 23.8 0.4 1.6% Metropolitan buses 106.2 103.6 2.7 2.6% Other buses 41.0 40.8 0.2 0.5% Total 935.4 922.3 13.2 1.4% 171 Typology of the demand

Private; 18,2% On tyres; 37,0%

On rails; 63,0%

Public; 81,8% 18 1 Evolution of passengers

Since the beginning of 1000 934,800934,400 934,400 935,4 ticket integration in 910,700 914,300922,100 900 868,200 2001 until 2011 the 837,100 800,00

demand of public 800 755,400

transport increased in 700

180.0 millions of 600 passengers, which 500 means 23.8%. 400

300

In 2011, in spite of the Passengers (millions) economic crisis, the 200 number of passengers 100

reached the absolute 0 maximum. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Year 191

3. ATM: Metropolitan Transport Authority 201 ATM: Partner Administrations

The ATM is an inter-administration partnership between those administrations which hold transport-service rights that was created to coordinate public transport in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region:

. Government of Catalonia

. Local administrations • Barcelona Corporation • Barcelona Metropolitan Area (AMB, 36 municipalities) • Corporations with urban transport services

Spanish Government: does not participate in the consortium but sends two observers to board meetings. 211 Governing bodies and budget

. President: Minister of Territory ans Sustainability of the Government of Catalonia (Generalitat de Catalunya).

. Vice-Presidents: Mayor of Barcelona and the President of the AMB.

. Governing, advisory and consultancy bodies: Board of Directors, Executive Committee, Mobility Board, Income Distribution Chamber Committee,...

. Staff: 31

. Budget 2012: 1,098.5 M€ 221 Missions

. Infrastructure planning (Infrastructure Master Plan) . Coordination of the services offered by the (public and private) operators (Service Plan) . System financing by the various administrations (financing agreements) . Contracts with operators . Fare Policy: Fare Integration and annual price review . Execution of infrastructure projects (tram,...) . Communication: definition and promotion of the system's corporate image . Drafting of the Mobility Master Plan for the Barcelona Metropolitan Region

231 ATM: Intermediary of the public transport system

Funding Operating Costs Administrations Planning the Infrastructure (PDI) Planning of the Mobility (PDM)

Users Financial intermediary ATM (3,24 Mhab) (fare income, subsidies...)

Coordination of services

Integrated fare system Mobility Observatory Transport Information to users companies 241

4. Funding 251

ATM: financial hub The ATM acts as a financial hub for the system

Renfe Rodalies

TMB Spanish Government FGC Regional Government of Catalonia EMT bus Metrop. bus Municipality of ATM Barcelona Trams

Tram AMB Infrastructure

Other cities in the Urban bus Metropolitan region (AMTU) Fare income (ATM integrated tickets)

Contract-Program-based Subsidies 261 Evolution of funding: absolute figures Figures in millions of €

1300 1200

1100 )

€ 1000 M 900 800

700

costs costs (in

600

500 operating 400

300 Yearly 200 100 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Subvenciones Year Ingresos tarifarios 271 Evolution of funding: relative figures

100%

ticket

80%

by

cost

60%

operating

of revenues

40% coverage

of 20%

Rate Prop. Subvencions 0% 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Prop. Tarifes Año 281 Evolution of the contribution of the Governments

110%

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20% In relative terms, the 10% contribution of 0% 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 the Generalitat Administración local tends to increase Generalitat de Catalunya Administración central 291

5. Ticket integration 301

Zoning

. Region zoned on the basis of geographical rings . Extension to the limits of the commuter rail service . 6 concentric bands . Zone 1 (or Band 1) is made up of the 18 municipalities of the former AMB. . 8 radial sectors, based on the preferential mobility corridors of the RMB. . Fare Zone: area resulting from the intersection of bands and sectors. . Each municipality belongs to only one zone. 311 Map of zones

. Contains the Metropolitan Region . Extended to the boundaries of FGC & RENFE Local Trains, . Plus the comarques Bages and Anoia since 1st April 2009 321 Former diagram of zones 331 Pricing

. All transport tickets form part of the system, and the ATM is responsible for pricing. . Single ticket not integrated . Price based on number of zones through which the passenger passes. The maximum number of zones to be paid is six. . Price according to frequency and duration of journey . Transport tickets valid for all modes and all operators within their geographical validation area. . Ticket validation system: transfers are not penalized. 341 The ATM tickets (1)

Cards with magnetic strip, printed at each validation 351 The ATM tickets (2)

. T-10 • Allows 10 journeys to be made in any mode in the zones for which it is purchased. • Time ticket (depends on the number of zones) and multi-personal. • Validity: 1 year. . T-50/30 • Allows 50 journeys to be made in any mode in the zones for which it is purchased. • Validity: 30 consecutive days from the first ticket validation. • Time ticket (depending on the number of zones) and uni-personal. . T-Mes • Allows an unlimited number of journeys to be made in any mode of transport in the zones for which it is purchased. • Validity: 30 consecutive days from the date of the first ticket validation. • Ticket personalised by means of ID card. 361 The ATM tickets (3)

. The prices are set according to the number of zones crossed on each one of the journeys with a maximum 6 zones.

. The time in which the transfer is not penalised on integrated tickets is 1h 15 min. (between the first and last ticket validation) for tickets for 1 zone, which is increased by 15 min. for each additional zone.

. The fares approved by the ATM Board of Directors for the 2012 year (in €) are as follows: 1 zone 2 zones 3 zones 4 zones 5 zones 6 zones Single ticket 2,00 2,70 3,60 4,60 5,85 6,85 T-10 9,25 18,40 25,05 32,20 37,00 39,35 T-50/30 37,00 62,15 87,20 108,50 128,10 142,50 T-Mes 50,00 73,50 99,50 118,00 135,50 145,00 371

6. The tramway 381

The old tramways

Barcelona had a large tramway network, suppressed entirely in 1971.

The last trams were called “Washington”, as they were bought second hand to that city.

In 2000, the memory of the trams was lost by citizens. 39 1 The new tramway: The tramway is made of two separate networks, and Trambesòs, two networks that will meet in the future

Layout of the networks

A new company was founded, Tramvia Metropolità, under a PPP (Public Private Patnership) agreement. 40 1 Characteristics

Trambaix Trambesòs

Length of the network 15.6 km 14.1 km Stops 32 28

Rolling stock 22 tramways 18 tramways

Investment 230.9 M€ 200.5 M€

Passengers 2011 16.1 millions 8.1 millions 41 1 Why a tram if we have a metro already? (1)

The metro of Barcelona was inaugurated 85 years ago, and it consists nowadays of a wide network. It is deemed a reliable mean of transport by its users.

Why do we need a tramway too? . Reduction of access time to the vehicles, as there are no ticket barriers, stairs, escalators, lifts and corridors: the overall travel time depends not only on the commercial speed but also on the access time. . Tickets are validated inside the vehicle. 6 doors reduce the access time to it

Journeys under 4 km are likely to be faster by tramway than by metro.

A significant amount of trips in Barcelona are under 4 km 42 1 Why a tram if we have a metro already? (2)

Access to a L9 station, in construction, compared to the access to a tram station. 43 1 Why a tram if we have a bus already? A bus lane with too many buses becomes congested by themselves. Over 5,000 passengers/hour the bus is no longer en efficient mode

Example of a saturated bus lane The tramway has always its own lane and traffic light priority. Therefore, it is not affected by congestion 44 1 City integration

The tramway is the only mean of transport that reduces the use of private car and masters the street. The bus is not currently able to gain its own space in the street. 45 1 City integration (2)

The construction of a tramway is a good chance • to modify the section of the street, allowing more space to pedestrians, bike lanes and social life in general • to improve the current services: sewer system, lighting,... • to adapt sidewalks to people with reduced mobility (wheelchairs, pushchairs, trolleys,..)

Moreover, as the tramway runs on a green infrastructure, it achieves a double goal: lane and green 46 1 City integration (3)

Trambaix Trambesòs Spaces only for pedestrians 162,500 m2 89,000 m2 Green areas 135,000 m2 110,000 m2 Trees planted 2,200 207 47 1 City integration (4)

Tramway and pedestrians can share the street The tramway is the only mean of transport that can cross historic centres without jeopardizing pedestrians

A street in the campus 48 1 Renovation at old road, from Esplugues to Cornellà

2001 2002 2003 49 1 Rate of accidents

# of accidents / million Km 50 1 Passengers’ evolution. Both networks

Tramway passengers (millions)

25 23,9 24,2 23,2 23,8 20,9 20 16,9

15 13,00

10 7,7

5

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Year 511

7. Funding of the tramway 52 1 Contractual relationships during the construction

Construction consortium Banks Rolling stock

Construction Alstom contract

Loans Civil works

FCC Comsa Emte Concession Conceding ATM contract Company 53 1 Contractual relationships during the operation

Banks

Annual

compensation

Capital Interests

Concession Conceding

ATM contract company

Operation consortium Monthly

compensation Fares Operation Sarbus contract

Veolia Transport Users CGT DETREN 54 1 Financing. Applications and origins .Trambaix

Initial investment: 230.9 M € Financing: • 12% Own Capital • 88%: Bank financing

APPLICATIONS Milions € ORIGINS Milions € Initial Investment 230,9 Own Funds 30,5 Financial Overheads 29,3 EIB 136,1 Others 43,6 Project Credit 89,0 VAT Credit 22,6 Subordinated Credit 3,4 Subsidy 22,2

TOTAL 303,8 TOTAL 303,8 55 1 Financing. Applications and origins .Trambesòs

Initial investment: 200.5 M € Financing: • 12% Own Capital • 88%: Bank financing

APPLICATIONS Milions € ORIGINS Milions € Initial Investment 200,5 Own Funds 30,0 Financial Overheads 19,8 EIB 125,1 Others 23,6 Project Credit 88,8 VAT 33,0 VAT Credit 33,0

TOTAL 276,9 TOTAL 276,9 56 1 Operator revenues

1) Capital subsidy, to be received in 15 to 17 years for 50 % of the investment funded by Generalitat de Catalunya

2) Every year: Operating cost + Profit + Levy Technical fee = Number of passengers

(Levy: 50% of remaining investment)

Income from users = Average fare * Number of passengers Fee compensation = (Technical fee – Average fare) * Numb. of pass. Total = Technical fee * Number of passengers 57 1 System of payment. Passenger bands.

Trambaix bands 30 000 000

25 000 000

20 000 000

15 000 000

10 000 000

5 000 000

0

A set of bands has been agreed between the ATM and Tramvia Metropolità 58 1 System of payment. Passenger bands (2)

5 OpCost + Profit + Levy + 0.34*Tm*(0.2*Vo) + 0.20*Tm*(V-1.2*Vo)

1.2*Vo

4 OpCost + Profit + Levy + 0.34*Tm*(V - Vo)

Vo

3 OpCost + Profit + Levy

0.8*Vo

2 OpCost + Profit + 0.97*Levy

0.52*Vo

1 OpCost + Profit + 0.82*Levy V: actual number of passengers / year Vo: concession contract number of passengers / year Tm: average fare 59 1 Quality indicators. Penalties

PARAMETER INDICATOR PENALTY

System Service Service Availability P1 Availability Rolling stock fleet availability P2 Service Regularity Delays P3 Cleaning P4 Lighting P5 Commercial Image Escalators P6 Lifts P7 Ticket equipment operation P8

A coefficient P is assessed monthly. P  max(P1, P2)  0,5P3  0,2P4  0,2P5  0,005P6  0,005P7  0,2P8 60 1 Quality indicators. Penalties (2)

• The P coefficient is assessed each month and applied to the amount of the monthly operating expenses.

• Its maximum value is 0.2. i.e., up to 20% off. 611

8. L9: The new Metro Line

62 1 Subway network at 2000

Challenge: Break the radial model which dominates the transport system in Barcelona while providing mass transport to large unserved areas and strategic sites (Airport, High Speed Rail, Justice Court, Fira de Barcelona… 63 1 L9 layout

Challenge: provide mass transport to large unserved areas and strategic sites (Airport, High Speed Rail, Justice Court, Fira de Barcelona…

ZONA UNIVERSITÀRIA

CAMP NOU

INTERCAMBIADOR TORRASSA HOSPITAL DE SANT PAU LA SAGRERA ALTA VELOCIDAD CIUTAT ALTA JUDICIAL VELOCIDAD

FIRA GRAN VIA

ZONA DE ACTIVIDAD AEROPORT LOGÍSTICA 64 1 New infrastructure: Adapted to disabled people Future: L9/L10 .50,2 km & 52 stations .L9: 38,1 km & 39 stations .L10: 26,1 km & 33 stations .Common section L9/L10: 16.4 km .17 connections Budget 6,829 M€ 65 1 Expected demand

130 Line 9 million passengers expected at the year 2020

Demand forecast at the network in 2020 Challenges 66 1 L9 Project ConstructionTechnical Challenges challenges

. High population density . Few large avenues

Putxet Station

Sta. Rosa Station Challenges 67

Technical Challenges

• Technical factors led to choose a innovative solution for building the infrastructure in order to deal with: – Density of infrastructures underground – Density of population above ground – Complex geology – Under water level working conditions

• The final solution adopted was: – Two level tunnel (Ø12 m) bored by “EPB” tunnel boring machinery – “Shaft” stations from surface, in stead of cut and cover 68 1

Shafts

52 stations, three topologies:

. Shaft or “L9” (30)

. Conventional (17)

. Viaduct (5) 69 1 The tunnel

Two-level tunnel (12 m) allowing:

. Platforms to be built within the section and without further digging

. Space available for installations and equipment

. One of the semi-tunnels is a safety area against fire episodes on the other one 70 1 Shafts

.52 stations with three typologies

. Shaft or “L9” (30) . Conventional (17) . Viaduct (5)

. Shaft or “L9” station is easy to adapt within a densely Platforms urbanized area with several underground infrastructures

6 high capacity lifts 2 lifts for disabled people 71 1 Santa Rosa station shaft 72 1 Santa Rosa station shaft 73 1 Gornal station shaft 74 1 The open stations 75 1 Tunnel: Lower level, Gorg - La Salut 76 1 Tunnel: Lower level, connection ramp 77 1 Tunnel: Upper level, connection ramp 78 1 Concessions L9: Sections

Section I Aeroport T1 – Europa | Fira 13 stations 16.8 km

Section II Polígon Pratenc – Campus Sud 14 stations 10.8 km

Section III Zona Universitària – Maragall 12 stations 9.3 km

Section IV Sagrera Meridiana – Can Zam / Gorg 13 stations 10.9 km 79

Autoritat del Transport Metropolità

Muntaner, 315-321 08021 Barcelona Tel. + 34 93 362 00 20 Fax + 34 93 362 00 22 www.atm.cat e-mail: [email protected]