Thursday Volume 533 20 October 2011 No. 210

HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT

PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD)

Thursday 20 October 2011

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committed to meeting 15% of our energy from renewable House of Commons sources. Onshore wind turbines are one of the cheapest renewable sources, so the fewer onshore wind turbines Thursday 20 October 2011 we have, the more expensive renewable sources we need to have instead. That is a very important factor for him to bear in mind. The House met at half-past Ten o’clock Chris Leslie (Nottingham East) (Lab/Co-op): The Secretary of State will be aware that subsidy is not just PRAYERS for wind power but for other forms of carbon reduction which are incredibly important to all our constituents, [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] not just for their energy bills but for their personal efforts to reduce carbon consumption. What is the Secretary of State’s view of the report on the front page of today’s Financial Times, which suggests that he is Oral Answers to Questions completely pulling the rug from underneath thousands of people up and down this country who might have taken steps to invest in solar power for their own houses and who are now finding that their investment is being ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE completely undermined by his decisions?

The Secretary of State was asked— Chris Huhne: There is no question of anybody’s investment being undermined by any of our decisions, Onshore Wind Power because this Government—in this respect, I think we are no different from previous Governments—are very 1. Chris Heaton-Harris (Daventry) (Con): What recent committed to not having retrospection in legislation assessment he has made of the effect of subsidies for and legislative changes. However, we keep all our subsidies onshore wind power on the levels of energy bills for under review. I just told the hon. Member for Daventry consumers; and if he will make a statement. [75582] (Chris Heaton-Harris) that we are cutting subsidies for onshore wind turbines by 10%, and that reflects what is The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change going on in the real world. I recently visited a project (Chris Huhne): Before I begin, I should like to offer my run with the city council in Birmingham, where people apologies on behalf of the Minister of State, Department were able to show me invoices from solar panel suppliers of Energy and Climate Change, the hon. Member for showing that they had managed to get a 33% reduction Bexhill and Battle (Gregory Barker), who is unable to in the cost of solar panels in just one year. It is absolutely attend owing to pressing engagements in Cape Town. right that the Department goes on looking at the appropriate As Minister of State with responsibility for climate levels of subsidies to bring on these important technologies, change, he is deputising for me at a vital meeting in and that is obviously what we will do. advance of this year’s United Nations framework convention on climate change negotiations so that I can Off-grid Households be here today. Support for onshore wind through the renewables 2. Dr Thérèse Coffey (Suffolk Coastal) (Con): What obligation is estimated to add £5 to £6 to an average progress he is making on ensuring that off-grid households household annual electricity bill of £585 in 2011. The have access to affordable heating fuels in the winter of Government recognise the need to protect hard-pressed 2011-12. [75583] consumers and are committed to driving down the costs of renewables, as well as realising the economic growth 12. Julian Smith (Skipton and Ripon) (Con): What and new jobs that renewables projects bring. progress he is making on ensuring that off-grid households have access to affordable heating fuels in the winter of Chris Heaton-Harris: I thank the Secretary of State 2011-12. [75595] for his answer. He is well aware that the level of subsidy granted drives the siting of wind turbines, not their The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate efficiency, and that this drives price, meaning that consumer Change (Charles Hendry): On Tuesday, the Office of bills for energy produced from these things are higher Fair Trading published its study of the off-grid energy than they should be. What plans does he have to amend market, which found that action is needed to protect this subsidy regime? heating oil consumers in some areas. Ahead of next winter, the Department has been working with industry Chris Huhne: We have today announced the latest and consumer groups in a national campaign to encourage consultation on the renewables obligation. That reduces customers to order early and ensure they are well prepared by 10% the renewables obligation certificates available for winter. We have also reminded terminal operators to for onshore wind, reflecting the fact that there have ensure that they have sufficient salt to maintain access been further technological improvements which mean to their depots in the event of snow and ice over the that the costs of this technology are coming down. I coming winter. realise that my hon. Friend has a long-standing interest in this, but I caution him, particularly given his experience Dr Coffey: I welcome the study published this week in the European Parliament, to recognise that under the and the debate yesterday, when a lot of contributions renewables target for 2020, which is EU law, we are were made on this matter. I encourage the Minister, 1039 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1040 though, to think about extending Ofgem’s protection to Mr Nigel Dodds (Belfast North) (DUP): A significant consumers so that they can all enjoy greater focus and number of my constituents are dependent on home access to the energy ombudsman. heating oil to heat their homes. There have been severe price rises in recent months. Is there not a clear case for Charles Hendry: As my hon. Friend will be aware, I regulation in off-grid as well as on-grid energy? Will the extended an offer to her and other colleagues yesterday Minister consider that urgently? to meet me to talk about how we can take forward the work of the Office of Fair Trading to identify potential Charles Hendry: This issue is more acute in Northern market abuses that still need to be dealt with, to see how Ireland than any other part of the country. Many more the gas grid can be developed and to check that the consumers are off-grid in Northern Ireland than elsewhere. appropriate regulation is in place. This issue therefore has a particular resonance there. The OFT investigation established that 97% of consumers Julian Smith: The OFT report this week risked letting have access to at least four independent providers— a number of companies who behaved pretty badly last “independent” being the critical word. The OFT is winter off the hook. Is the Minister not tempted to send prepared to look again at examples of consumers not some of these issues to the Competition Commission? having access to a sufficient number of operators. In addition, where there is a potential takeover, the OFT will require it to be investigated if it appears to be Charles Hendry: The OFT was very clear on this uncompetitive. matter. It said that it was looking for guidance from outside input on whether there should be a Competition Commission referral. It has said that it will continue to Coal Mining Safety look into cases of potential market abuse to ensure that consumers are protected. 3. Nigel Adams (Selby and Ainsty) (Con): What mechanism his Department has put in place to learn Gordon Banks (Ochil and South Perthshire) (Lab): lessons on the safety of coal mining following recent The Domestic Bulk Liquefied Petroleum Gas Market deaths of miners. [75584] Investigation (Metered Estates) Order of 2009—excuse me for giving its full title—from the Competition The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Commission has failed abjectly to increase the ability of (Chris Huhne): All serious incidents at coal mines are metered estates using LPG to change. What is the investigated by the mines inspectorate of the Health Minister going to do about that? and Safety Executive. Fatal incidents are also investigated by the relevant local police force. I would like to take Charles Hendry: The hon. Gentleman raises an important this opportunity to express again our sympathy, and I issue. One of the most complex areas to try to get a am sure the whole House will join me, to the families market to operate in involves entire estates metered by a and colleagues of the victims of the recent incidents at single access point. I am happy to talk to him further, Gleision and Kellingley collieries. I was able to visit and to other colleagues who have concerns about this Kellingley myself to see what was being done. The matter, to see whether there are ways to take the situation responsibility for implementing any recommendations forward. I share his concerns that people living in such in resulting reports lies with the Health and Safety estates do not always get the protection to which we feel Executive of the Department for Work and Pensions. they are entitled. Nigel Adams: I am grateful to the Secretary of State Mr Russell Brown (Dumfries and Galloway) (Lab): It for that answer and thank him for visiting Kellingley is the affordability aspect of this matter that concerns colliery with me. Given that 42% of electricity in the me deeply. The OFT report clearly indicates that the UK during last year’s freezing winter came from coal, experience people once had of getting cheap fuel in the what assurances can he give the 2,000 or so remaining summer months, especially heating oil, no longer exists. coal miners about the role that coal will play in this We need to look seriously at the affordability aspect, country’s energy mix in future? especially for low-income households that have never before been in fuel poverty but are now being driven Chris Huhne: I thank my hon. Friend for that question. into that category. This matter always arises when there are sad incidents of the kind that we have recorded. The Government are Charles Hendry: The hon. Gentleman makes a useful committed to ensuring that we can continue to use point. This summer, we have not seen the drop that one fossil-fuel power generation, not just in the short term would expect. After a year that has seen unrest in the to maintain our energy security, but in the longer term middle east, it is clear that wholesale prices are higher. with carbon capture and storage. The challenge of It is therefore understandable that the drop has not decarbonising the next generation of coal-fired and been so great. We should not fall into a trap, however, of gas-fired power stations is part of the carbon capture assuming that prices will not ramp up again in the busy and storage programme. Yesterday, we announced the period before Christmas and the cold winter. There is a decision on Longannet. I would have very much liked to real sense that consumers are ordering early to ensure proceed with that project. However, that decision in no that their tanks are as full as they can be at this point, way undermines our commitment to the budget of because one thing about which we can be absolutely £1 billion for carbon capture and storage, nor our belief certain is that as we move towards winter, prices will go that we can get a commercial project up and running up further. within that budget—we will do so. 1041 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1042

Mr Dennis Skinner (Bolsover) (Lab): When the mines Mr Bone: I thank the excellent Secretary of State for were publicly owned, there were safety committees at that full answer, but are we not seeing that the economic every single pit every month, manned by the Coal climate has produced a carbon reduction that the Board and the National Union of Mineworkers and Government could never have hoped for? Is it the other appropriate unions. There were also mine inspectors, Government’s policy to increase the economic downturn paid for by the union and the board, and unannounced to save more carbon? inspections would take place. Now that we have a scattering of small mines employing very few people, Chris Huhne: It is absolutely not the policy of this what safety measures are in place? Are they parallel to Government—nor, I am sure, was it the policy of the what went before, and can the Secretary of State assure last Government or any other British Government—to me that the mine rescuers in south Wales had all the have a downturn in order to improve carbon emissions. necessary equipment available and ready to move when It is certainly the case that if there is a downturn, it goes they had to go into that mine? hand in hand with a reduction in carbon emissions, but our efforts are directed entirely at ensuring that we can Chris Huhne: I thank the hon. Gentleman. This is an have greater energy efficiency, so that we can increase important issue, and he is absolutely right to highlight our output with a lower intensity of energy use. In fact, the potential difficulties now that the industry is smaller. that has been a long-standing trend in the UK economy. I and my hon. Friend the Member for Selby and Ainsty We have had a very substantial increase in GDP, even (Nigel Adams) insisted that we saw the NUM though we have managed to hold our energy use completely representatives when we visited Kellingley, for example, stable. That gives us considerable hope that we can and their clear message was that they thought safety continue to do so. had been carefully respected in that incident. We need to keep under constant review safety at Gleision, Kellingley Several hon. Members rose— and the other collieries, and we will continue to do so. Mr Speaker: Order. We now need to increase our Jonathan Edwards (Carmarthen East and Dinefwr) efficiency and have somewhat lower intensity in the (PC): As somebody who lived in the village of Rhos, answering of questions from the Treasury Bench. May I may I ask the Secretary of State to join me in paying say very gently to the Secretary of State that the “War tribute to the local community for the way in which it and Peace” versions of answers should be preserved for pulled together during the tragic events at Gleision fireside chats in the long winter evenings that lie ahead? colliery? What subsequent discussions has he had with the Welsh Government about the future resourcing of Lindsay Roy (Glenrothes) (Lab): Plans for carbon the mines rescue service, considering that private mines capture and storage have descended into a farce. The are an expanding industry in the south Wales coalfield? length of the pipeline from Longannet to the empty reservoirs in the North sea, which is the excuse for not continuing, has not changed. Is it not the Government’s Chris Huhne: The mines rescue service is available economic commitment to CCS, and to the pioneering throughout the UK, and in Gleision there were staff project at Longannet, that has changed? available from outside Wales who came in to help. That is absolutely appropriate, because in any particular case we do not know the scale of the situation. Chris Huhne: No, I disagree with the hon. Gentleman on that. Once we had gone through the front-end I certainly join the hon. Gentleman in paying tribute engineering design studies, the specifics of the Longannet to the local community. One of the most admirable project were clear, including on the costs of transferring features of coal mining communities has historically carbon into the reservoirs. Those costs were high; as a been their extraordinary solidarity when faced with result, we could not do carbon capture and storage at such dangers. Longannet, compared with where we believe we can do it elsewhere. Carbon Emissions (Economic Situation) Energy Tariffs 4. Mr Peter Bone (Wellingborough) (Con): What assessment he has made of the effect on carbon emissions 5. Jo Swinson (East Dunbartonshire) (LD): What of current economic conditions. [75586] recent discussions he has had with energy suppliers on the provision to consumers of information on how to The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change access the cheapest tariff. [75588] (Chris Huhne): The Department published updated energy and emissions projections last week. They took due The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change account of the latest published economic outlook by (Chris Huhne): The UK low-carbon and environmental the Office for Budget Responsibility, and of Office sector is growing strongly, despite the disappointing for National Statistics figures covering gross domestic recovery. It employs about 910,000 people, and this product and output for the first six months of 2011. could reach more than 1 million by 2015—[Interruption.] Both current and projected carbon emissions are now lower than in our previous projections. However, our Mr Speaker: Order. I think the Secretary of State assessment is that only a small part of those revisions is might have the wrong link-up between question and due to lower economic growth, with most being a result answer. of higher projections for fossil fuel prices and other changes. Chris Huhne: You are absolutely right, Mr Speaker. 1043 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1044

We have negotiated a voluntary agreement with suppliers because of policies such as the green deal—which is in to provide consumers with a prompt on their bills to the Energy Act 2011, which has just received Royal cheaper deals this winter, and an additional communication Assent—which could see the number of people employed to their customers who pay by cash or cheque to let in the insulation industry rising from an estimated them know how much they could save by moving to the 27,000 today to around 100,000 by 2015. cheapest direct debit tariff. There is also a commitment from suppliers to assess the impact of the prompt on Jesse Norman: I thank the Secretary of State for that bills and to improve it in the light of this evidence. response. My constituency of Hereford and South Herefordshire is home to the first house refurbished to Jo Swinson: I thank the Secretary of State for that international PassivHaus standards and is blazing a reply. Last week a Which? investigation uncovered the trail internationally in the quality of environmental appalling behaviour of the big six energy companies, design and construction. What advice can my right hon. finding that they failed to offer the cheapest tariff in a Friend give to firms in Herefordshire to ensure that they third of calls. I welcome the moves announced this are well placed to benefit from the green deal? week, although I remain slightly cynical about the willingness of the energy companies to give consumers Chris Huhne: The green deal is a major opportunity the fairest deal. Ofgem currently has the power to fine for businesses of all sizes, in all parts of the country, energy companies, but surely it should also be able to because our homes are in all parts of the country. force companies to pay compensation in cases such as Therefore, the scheme will help to revitalise the market those highlighted by the Which? report, where they have for energy-efficiency products in every part of our nation. effectively been mis-selling and providing inaccurate The green deal and the eco-consultation will be published information. shortly and will set out the requirements for businesses to help them to gear up for autumn 2012, I hope in a Chris Huhne: I consider mis-selling to be a very clear way. serious offence, and it is a matter for the independent regulator Ofgem to investigate. As my hon. Friend pointed out, Ofgem has the power to fine energy companies. Mr Mike Weir (Angus) (SNP): The Secretary of State When customers have lost out, I expect energy companies rightly criticised the previous Government for pulling to pay compensation. Unfortunately, Ofgem currently out of the Peterhead project, losing us world leadership does not have the power to force companies to give and potential jobs. Is he not doing exactly the same consumer redress, despite the last Government having thing with his disgraceful decision on the Longannet 13 years and several energy Bills to give it that power. project? This Government are not going to sit on our hands, unlike those on the Opposition Benches. We are carefully Chris Huhne: No, I cannot agree with the hon. Gentleman considering legislation on the issue as part of the next on that point. It was regrettable that we did not proceed energy Bill. with Peterhead in 2007, and one thing that we can hold out real hope for is the fact that we have had considerable Barry Gardiner (Brent North) (Lab): Last week the expressions of interest from Scottish and Southern, and Secretary of State wrote to me explaining that he believed other potential consortium members, for a Peterhead that doorstep selling was a useful method for the big six project, which should be able to proceed within budget in the industry to encourage people to a better tariff. and on time. Given that two days ago RWE npower became the fourth of the big six to give up the practice, does he not Andrew George (St Ives) (LD): I welcome today’s see some irony in the fact that the organisations that he announcement on the renewables obligation certificates was supposed to be castigating are way ahead of him? review, particularly in respect of marine renewables and the wave hub project off the north coast of Cornwall. Chris Huhne: The key issue with doorstep selling is What will the Secretary of State do to ensure that the whether the companies believe that they can control the UK leads the world in marine renewables from now on? work forces who are doing it. If they do not believe that the safeguards are adequate and that they face a reputational Chris Huhne: One of the features of the renewables risk, that is a commercial matter for them to decide on. obligation review that my hon. Friend will have noticed is that we have increased our support for marine Low-carbon Energy (Employment) technologies to five renewables obligations certificates. In our view, that will bring forward the necessary innovation 6. Jesse Norman (Hereford and South Herefordshire) and testing to ensure that we have a world lead in this (Con): What recent discussions he has had with the sector. Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills on steps to increase employment in the low-carbon Tom Greatrex (Rutherglen and Hamilton West) (Lab/ energy sector. [75589] Co-op): One such opportunity to increase employment in the low-carbon energy sector was scuppered yesterday The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change by the Government’s announcement that they were (Chris Huhne): I shall try to ensure that I give the right pulling out of the carbon capture and storage demonstrator answer this time. at Longannet. Will the Secretary of State now confirm The UK low-carbon and environmental sector is to the House that there will be no backsliding by the growing strongly despite the disappointing recovery. It Treasury, and that the £1 billion funding will definitely employs about 910,000 people. We believe that this be in place and will be used to get four CCS demonstration could reach more than 1 million by 2015, not least projects in place for the future? 1045 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1046

Chris Huhne: I welcome the hon. Gentleman to the taken. The green deal is a way of encouraging SMEs to Dispatch Box and to his new role on the Front Bench put in place energy efficiency measures, and I am glad speaking for the Opposition. I can certainly confirm to see that they are taking advantage of that. The that there is absolutely no backsliding on the money feed-in tariff regime will also encourage them to look at available for carbon capture and storage. The Treasury microgeneration. will confirm that there is £1 billion available to support CCS, and we are looking to do that in the most effective John Glen: I thank the Minister for his replies. Many way possible so that we can ensure that the industry is businesses in Salisbury are very supportive of the intentions rolled out, that we can have a lead in that industry, and of the green deal, but can he explain how consumers that we are able to meet our strategic objectives in will be able to have access to the widest possible choice making CCS available. of green deal providers from 2012? Tom Greatrex: I am grateful for that response, and I hope that we will see that come to fruition, even perhaps Charles Hendry: One of the key aspects of the green after the Secretary of State is no longer responsible for deal is that companies will be able to seek an assessment these issues. Does he also understand the urgency involved and take it to any green deal provider. This will provide if we are to get the employment benefits as well as the real consumer choice. We have found it most encouraging emissions benefits from CCS? Will he undertake to have that providers have been coming forward and offering urgent discussions with Infrastructure UK, to ensure their services, because they see this as good for growth that the energy hubs needed to go alongside the CCS in the economy as well as for energy efficiency. projects are put in place, so that we get the jobs and investment benefits as well as the environmental benefits? Meg Munn (Sheffield, Heeley) (Lab/Co-op): But may I urge the Minister to press the Department for Business, Chris Huhne: I have to say that I find it somewhat Innovation and Skills to do more to engage with SMEs ironic to be lectured by the Opposition about the importance on the green deal. The experience of a small enterprise of speed in this area, given that it was the last Labour in my constituency is that officials have stopped talking Government who cancelled the Peterhead project in to them and that BIS is going ahead instead with trials 2007. The reality is that we are attempting to proceed with large organisations like B&Q. More joined-up with this as quickly as we can. We have learned an awful working is needed. lot from the negotiations and from the engineering studies at Longannet, and we hope that we can proceed Charles Hendry: I am intrigued to hear what the hon. and deliver on time and within budget. Lady has said and I would be grateful if she gave us more information about it. We have regular contact Energy Efficiency Schemes (SMEs) and a very constructive relationship with BIS, which is looking at a finance aggregator to try to help SMEs to 7. Mary Macleod (Brentford and Isleworth) (Con): take advantage of the opportunities available within What plans he has to support investment by small and this package. The whole issue of financing is at the core medium-sized enterprises in energy efficiency schemes. of the work that BIS is doing. If the hon. Lady would [75590] like to give us more information, we could respond in more detail to her particular concerns. 8. John Glen (Salisbury) (Con): What plans he has to support investment by small and medium-sized enterprises in energy efficiency schemes. [75591] Luciana Berger (Liverpool, Wavertree) (Lab/Co-op): With growth flatlining and unemployment rising we The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate urgently need a plan to get our economy growing. That Change (Charles Hendry): There are a number of means creating jobs, particularly for Britain’s 2 million Government policies that support small and medium-sized small businesses. That is why we proposed amendments enterprises. The green deal, for example, will be available to what is now the Energy Act 2011 that would have to SMEs when it is launched next year. It will enable boosted small business. We suggested lowering the cost them to improve the energy efficiency of their properties, of administration to give small businesses, along with thereby reducing carbon emissions and energy costs. charities, social enterprises and co-operatives, fair access The green deal will also drive demand for energy efficiency to the green deal marketplace. Will the Minister tell us products and services, from which SMEs will be able to why the Government voted in Committee against benefit. supporting small British businesses and will he commit today to backing our plans in secondary legislation? Mary Macleod: Ormiston Wire in Isleworth has previously won the Queen’s award for sustainable Charles Hendry: We are absolutely committed to development, and has a wealth of experience in wind small and medium-sized companies having access to turbines, solar panels and energy-efficient lighting. Will these issues and we are keen to find the best way of the Government ensure that SMEs such as Ormiston dealing with it. In that respect, we are committed to Wire are represented in the discussions on the green bringing forward further measures. As for the delays, deal, to ensure that SMEs are given real support for any the hon. Lady should be aware that we proposed a energy-efficient schemes? green deal, exactly as it is now, in the Energy Bill of 2010—almost two years ago—and it was voted down in Charles Hendry: I am delighted to hear from my hon. principle and in concept by the then Labour Government, Friend of the steps that Ormiston Wire has taken; they who have lost us nearly two years in rolling out energy are typical of the measures that many companies have efficiency. 1047 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1048

Energy Tariffs Chris White: I thank the Secretary of State for his response. One way of reducing fuel poverty is through 9. Pauline Latham (Mid Derbyshire) (Con): If he will providing more support to lower-income families to take steps to simplify energy tariffs for consumers. make their homes more energy-efficient. I appreciate [75592] that the Government’s proposed energy company obligations seek to do that, but I ask the Secretary of The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate State for an update on his Department’s progress in Change (Charles Hendry): One of the main aims of the creating those obligations, and will he tell us when he Ofgem retail market review is to reduce tariff complexity, hopes they will come into effect? making bills easier to compare. I welcome these proposals and look forward to Ofgem’s forthcoming consultation Chris Huhne: My hon. Friend is right. A key focus of on its plans to simplify tariffs and boost competition. the energy company obligation will be on householders who cannot achieve significant energy savings without Pauline Latham: In the light of the news that fewer an additional measure of support. That will include, customers are now switching supplier, despite the proven through the affordable warmth target, specific assistance benefits of doing so, I welcome the Government’s new to the poorest and most vulnerable people to help them “check, switch, insulate to save” scheme, but how will keep their homes warm affordably. We are consulting the Minister ensure that consumers, particularly the this autumn on secondary legislation for the green deal elderly who do not necessarily have access to computers and the ECO, as I have said in answer to colleagues or computer skills, take up the savings available? before, and we intend to launch them in autumn 2012.

Charles Hendry: My hon. Friend raises an important Caroline Flint (Don Valley) (Lab): I welcome the issue. After yesterday’s debate, I think the whole House Government’s support for Labour’s motion yesterday, will be entirely aware of my own inability to switch which said: because of the complexity of the regime online. We have “with a cold winter forecast and Government support cut, millions required the energy companies to write to 4 million of families will struggle to heat their homes”.—[Official Report, vulnerable customers this winter so that they understand 19 October 2011; Vol. 533, c. 1006.] that they could be on a lower tariff and what more I am glad that the Secretary of State agrees with that. might be available to them in terms of energy efficiency What is he going to do about it this winter? and they get what help is currently available. Chris Huhne: The right hon. Lady should be aware Albert Owen (Ynys Môn) (Lab): We have heard a lot that under the warm home discount scheme—a statutory about last Monday’s summit. Will the Minister tell us scheme, not a voluntary grace-and-favour one of the whether the Government directly asked the big six sort operated by the Labour Government—we will be companies whether they were prepared to freeze gas providing substantial support to 600,000 particularly and electricity prices or indeed reduce them in the vulnerable key pensioners. That amounts to £120 off future? their bills, and is a two-thirds increase on what was available under the voluntary scheme operated by the Charles Hendry: The hon. Gentleman raises an interesting previous Government. point. The important point about the summit was that the industry, consumer groups and the Government Caroline Flint: I understand that the benefit of the were working together. Most of the energy companies warm home discount is less than the profits that the have already said that they will freeze the prices right energy companies make. Yesterday, Government Members through this coming winter and that there will be no also supported our demand further increases. What we have also looked at is what “that energy companies use their profits to help reduce bills this can be done right now. Sometimes the cynicism—not winter.”—[Official Report, 19 October 2011; Vol. 533, c. 1007.] from the hon. Gentleman but from some of his colleagues—about the measures to check and insulate How and when will the Secretary of State make that in order to get the best savings is unfortunate because it happen? means that constituents who could be doing more to help themselves and take advantage of what is already Chris Huhne: On Monday, at the energy summit, we on offer might be inclined not to do so. discussed with the energy companies exactly how they could help, and there are a number of ways in which Fuel Poverty they are doing that. For example, they have made a voluntary commitment, which they will implement this winter, to state in every bill whether cheaper tariffs are 11. Chris White (Warwick and Leamington) (Con): available, to provide energy-saving advice and to promote What recent discussions he has had on reducing fuel the “check, switch, insulate to save” campaign, which I poverty; and if he will make a statement. [75594] hope will—with the right hon. Lady’s backing, I am sure—be a great success. The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change (Chris Huhne): I regularly engage with stakeholders Fuel Costs such as energy companies and consumer organisations to discuss our policies to assist low-income and vulnerable households to heat their homes more affordably. I recently 13. Mr David Nuttall (Bury North) (Con): What steps had interesting discussions with Professor John Hills, he is taking to reduce the cost of gas and electricity for the author of the fuel poverty review. consumers. [75596] 1049 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1050

The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate that my hon. Friend has rightly made, clarity is indeed a Change (Charles Hendry): The Prime Minister and the real issue. People are confused because they simply do Secretary of State chaired a summit with consumer not know what the term “unit” might refer to. I hope groups on Monday to launch the “check, switch, insulate that Ofgem and the industry will try to establish what to save” campaign and a package of measures to help more can be done to ensure that it is absolutely clear consumers this winter. We are working with consumer how much energy people are using. groups, energy suppliers and the regulator Ofgem to ensure that consumers know how to save money on Energy-Intensive Industries their energy bills by checking on their energy deal, switching their supplier if appropriate and insulating 14. Tristram Hunt (Stoke-on-Trent Central) (Lab): their homes. What information Ministers in his Department gathered on the policies of other countries on maintaining the Mr Nuttall: I do not know whether the Minister has competitiveness of energy-intensive industries during had a chance to read a recent book entitled “Let Them recent visits to Europe. [75597] Eat Carbon”, by Matthew Sinclair of the TaxPayers Alliance, but if he has, he will have noted Citigroup’s The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate estimate that this country will have to spend more on Change (Charles Hendry): My hon. Friend the Minister meeting environmental targets than Germany, France, of State, Department of Energy and Climate Change, Spain and Italy put together. Does he accept that when the hon. Member for Bexhill and Battle (Gregory Barker), those costs are passed on, they will result in even higher visited Germany last month to see at first hand how energy bills for consumers? German policy on the competitiveness of energy-intensive industries is put into practice. My officials are also Charles Hendry: I have serious doubts about the working with the Department for Business, Innovation information in that book about the relative costs, particularly and Skills and the Treasury to prepare a package of compared with countries such as Germany. We have to measures for the most affected energy-intensive businesses, deal with a legacy of a failure of investment over the which we plan to announce before the end of the year. past 13 years. Every year of this decade, we will have to secure investment in our energy infrastructure at twice Mr Hunt: Does the Minister agree that the German the rate secured in the previous decade, which will entail experience shows that it is possible to adopt both a a cost to consumers, who are picking up the tab for strong commitment to moving towards a low-carbon Labour’s failures. economy and a comprehensive range of measures that protect the competitiveness of energy-intensive sectors? Mr Barry Sheerman (Huddersfield) (Lab/Co-op): May Will he take steps to ensure that the mitigating strategies I remind the Minister that a leading expert on energy that the Government will announce this autumn benefit said only this week in the precincts of the House that not just the larger companies, but smaller energy-intensive the real reason for the astronomical energy price rises companies such as those in the ceramics sector, which was the privatisation of the energy industry and the can help to rebalance the economy? sweating of assets over many years? Is that not the truth? Is that not why we have rocketing energy costs Charles Hendry: Let me begin by thanking the hon. and our European neighbours do not? Gentleman for the work that he is doing in the all-party group that he leads. It is extremely valuable to the whole Charles Hendry: The hon. Gentleman makes some of sector. There must be a balance between moving in a the points that I was just making. The sweating of low-carbon direction and ensuring that successful businesses assets to which he referred resulted from the lack of are not driven abroad, and the measures on which we investment over the past 13 years in the building of new are working with BIS and the Treasury are intended to plants. It is 15 years since the last nuclear plant was strike that balance. If those companies simply moved opened, 25 years since it was commissioned and 40 years overseas, we lost the jobs and they continued to emit since the last coal plant was opened. We have not seen carbon in the same way, there would be no net gain for enough investment in plant, and that is a legacy issue the world climate—or, indeed, the UK economy. that is now being addressed. As a result of competition, we ended up with some of the cheapest electricity and Mark Pawsey (Rugby) (Con): I am pleased that the gas prices in the whole of Europe, but we have to make Minister recognises the concerns of energy-intensive up for that legacy of failure. industries such as those involved in packaging manufacture and CEMEX, in my constituency, which manufactures Mr Speaker: We are certainly using a lot of energy cement. CEMEX faces a £20 million bill for complying today, that is for sure. with carbon legislation, which is causing concern about the viability of its UK plant. Will the Minister do all he Laura Sandys (South Thanet) (Con): I want to return can to ensure that UK manufacturing industry is not to consumers and their costs. Will the Minister urge placed at a competitive disadvantage? Ofgem to reconsider the unit as a specification? What does “a unit” mean? Could we not look at cost per bulb Charles Hendry: Let me reassure my hon. Friend that hour, and other things that consumers understand? we regularly meet representatives of industry and industry That will drive behaviour change as well. groups to ensure that we understand the full range of concerns. The work currently being done across Charles Hendry: Let me say in response to your Government is designed to ensure that we first understand comment, Mr Speaker, that I like to see myself as a where the challenges and threats are coming from, and source of endless renewable energy. As for the point then introduce sensible measures to protect companies 1051 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1052 of important national and strategic interest. I think that can bring significant benefits, and it should not be that strikes the right balance, but we are always keen to dismissed, because it will help many of the hon. Lady’s receive representations from Members on both sides of constituents. the House about specific constituency issues. Tessa Munt (Wells) (LD): What has been done for Carbon Emissions (Local Authorities) customers with prepayment meters and keys? Their bills are more expensive per unit, and as they are not sent a 18. Phil Wilson (Sedgefield) (Lab): What plans he has bill there are limited opportunities for the energy companies to involve local authorities in meeting the UK’s targets to communicate with them, and so little choice is offered for reducing carbon emissions. [75603] to them.

The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Charles Hendry: There is evidence, which Ofgem is (Chris Huhne): Local authorities are uniquely placed to gathering, that people on prepayment meters are paying provide leadership and vision in tackling climate change less now than they were in the past. One reason why we in their communities. Many are enthusiastic about playing have been keen to take forward the smart meter programme their part, and have stretched their ambitions to reduce is to ensure that people get absolute accuracy in their carbon emissions in their areas. My Department involves billing. That programme is furthest advanced in Northern local authorities in a range of policies, including some Ireland, and people on prepayment meters there pay on the roll-out of the green deal. less than people on normal tariffs.

Phil Wilson: Given that 22% of County Durham’s Topical Questions energy needs come from renewable energy sources, including 17 wind farms—that is one of the best records in T1. [75607] Ian Lavery (Wansbeck) (Lab): If he will England—and given that the figure in the Secretary of make a statement on his departmental responsibilities. State’s own county of Hampshire is only about 4%, does he agree that we should be sharing the burden as The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change well as the benefits of renewable infrastructure? (Chris Huhne): My Department is tasked with powering our people and protecting our planet. Since the last Chris Huhne: As the hon. Gentleman knows, I am departmental questions, we have published the renewables very much in favour of increasing the amount of renewable obligation banding review, which examines the support energy throughout the United Kingdom. The renewables that different technologies will receive under the renewables obligation review proposes that support should be targeted obligation. We have also published the electricity market particularly at areas where there is the most wind, reform White Paper, which sets out our plans to secure because it is in no one’s interest to build wind turbines affordable low-carbon energy for decades to come. We where there is an inadequate wind resource. have also held a consumer energy summit, bringing together consumer groups, the industry, Ministers and Mr Speaker: I call Stephen Gilbert. He is not here, so the regulator to help people save money on their bills I call Julie Hilling. this winter. Finally, the Energy Bill—including our flagship energy-saving programme, the green deal—received Royal Energy Bill Assent on Tuesday and is now the Energy Act 2011.

20. Julie Hilling (Bolton West) (Lab): What plans he Ian Lavery: The Secretary of State is aware of the has to provide support for households in meeting the situation at Rio Tinto Alcan at Lynemouth in my cost of energy bills. [75605] constituency. Some 650 private sector jobs are hanging by a thread. The company says that the problem is the The Minister of State, Department of Energy and green taxes implemented by the Government, which Climate Change (Charles Hendry): I refer the hon. Lady will wipe out £50 million in annual profit. Will the Minister to the answer that I gave my hon. Friend the Member say when he will make announcements on the renewables for Bury North (Mr Nuttall) a few moments ago. obligation certificates banding and on the energy-intensive industries package, and can he assure the House that Julie Hilling: I thank the Minister for that answer, but those packages combined will prevent mass job losses in I still do not understand what he is going to do to the energy-intensive industry sector? prevent people from dying this winter. Will he also urge the Government to reconsider the decision to cut the Chris Huhne: I am grateful to the hon. Gentleman for winter fuel allowance? his question, not least because I have had discussions with Rio Tinto about the Alcan plant. It is regrettable Charles Hendry: As the hon. Lady well knows, the that it made its decision ahead of the publication of the winter fuel allowance was introduced by the last renewables obligation. That was published today, so, to Government. Had it not been for the fact that— as one answer one of the hon. Gentleman’s questions, those of her colleagues who was then a Minister pointed figures are now available, and we have just heard from out—there was no money left, we might have been able the Minister of State, my hon. Friend the Member for to consider some of these matters further. However, Wealden (Charles Hendry), that the energy efficiency we have implemented the policy of the last Labour package for energy-intensive industries will be in place Administration, and in the meantime we are trying to by the end of the year. In our discussions with Rio ensure that people check their bills for accuracy, insulate Tinto I asked the company whether it would give a their homes, and look for better arrangements to which guarantee about local employment if it received the they might switch. That makes evident sense, because it support that it wanted in converting the electricity 1053 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1054 generation plant to biomass. It did not give that guarantee. small businesses, and that is an important part of it. On That is regrettable, and the hon. Gentleman will have the point about the costs being sensitive to interest noticed that the Alcan decision is part of a wider rates, the way we envisage this working is that the programme of worldwide disposals by the company. financing will, in most cases, be available at fixed rates, so that the consumer will know in advance exactly what Mr Speaker: We are all significantly better informed. those interest rates will be. That is one of the reasons why the assurance can be made about the green deal T2. [75608] Stephen Metcalfe (South Basildon and offering a reduction in the overall energy bill. East Thurrock) (Con): Following on from the comments of my hon. Friend the Member for Wells (Tessa Munt), T3. [75610] Paul Flynn (Newport West) (Lab): In five with energy prices at an all-time high, many low-income years’ time, when judgments are made about the value families are opting to convert to prepayment meters for of the ineptocracy being created by the Tory-Lib Dem their gas and electricity supply. However, according to junta at the moment, will we see their main crime as Consumer Focus that can cost up to £195 extra per being their neglect of the immense power of the tides in year. Will the Secretary of State consider introducing creating energy that is clean, British, cheap and eternal? regulation of the market to ensure that low-income families pay the same regardless of whether their payment Chris Huhne: The hon. Gentleman has a marvellous method is by prepayment meters, direct debit or quarterly turn of phrase, and I pay tribute to that. However, he bills? has chosen his question with extraordinarily inappropriate timing, because we have today announced a renewables Chris Huhne: Energy tariffs are a matter for Ofgem. It obligation review which increases the renewables obligation has put in place rules to prevent unfair price differentials certificates available for precisely the technology that he such as those between different payment methods and seeks to advocate. has reported on the effectiveness of those changes. It has found that prepayment meter customers now pay T5. [75612] Miss Anne McIntosh (Thirsk and Malton) on average about £20 less than standard credit customers (Con): York Handmade Brick Company is precisely the for their gas and electricity. It has also found that direct type of company that would benefit from the exemption debit customers now pay on average £70 less than from carbon floor prices now being given in Germany. others, which falls within the £88 indicative cost difference Will the Government agree to extend the number of between providing direct debit accounts and other types industries—from aluminium and other industries to of agreement. brick and ceramics—that benefit from high energy user exemptions in this country? Caroline Flint (Don Valley) (Lab): The Labour Opposition day motion, which the Secretary of State Chris Huhne: I am grateful to my hon. Friend for her supported yesterday, calls on the Government question. With UK support, the European Union agreed in May that the ceramics sector is at significant risk of “to investigate mis-selling and ensure consumers are compensated”. carbon leakage, and as a result that sector will receive He seems to believe that that can apply only to future 100% of its European Union emissions trading scheme mis-selling, but examples such as payment protection credits free from 2013. That will enable the sector to insurance and lawyers charging additional fees to coal contribute to the environmental outcomes of the ETS health claimants prove that that is not the case. Will he while maintaining its own competitiveness. back our demand for an urgent inquiry into mis-selling, with redress for those who have already suffered? T6. [75613] Tony Lloyd (Manchester Central) (Lab): Professor John Hills’s review revealed that at least Chris Huhne: The clear advice that I have received is 2,700 people die every winter because they cannot afford that, legally, we will have to legislate to ensure that to heat their homes. With energy prices significantly up redress is available for energy consumers—but I am in real terms this year and last year, and with winter fuel happy to look at any evidence that the right hon. Lady payments down in real terms this year and last year, has to the contrary, and if we can move further and what guarantees can Ministers give that that death rate faster, clearly we will. However, our advice at present is will not increase? that we will need new legislation, and it is a matter of great regret to me that the Labour Government did not Chris Huhne: I thank the hon. Gentleman for his implement that. question. I am delighted, as I am sure he is, at the thoroughness of the interim report by Professor John T4. [75611] Mr David Ward (Bradford East) (LD): My Hills, which I commissioned. I do not think that winter understanding is that under the green deal golden rule, fuel payments are the best way of dealing with this monthly repayments should be lower than the energy problem, partly because they are not targeted. The savings, but this makes them very sensitive to interest warm home discount does target a two-thirds increase rate charges on the loans. What progress is being made in the discounts on this particularly vulnerable group. on setting up a new not-for-profit company that can That will have an effect this winter, despite the substantial offer green deal loans at below market rates? increases in prices that the hon. Gentleman points out.

Chris Huhne: We have made considerable progress on Joseph Johnson (Orpington) (Con): As a London this matter. The Minister of State, Department of Energy MP, I am often struck by the energy inefficiency of and Climate Change, my hon. Friend the Member for office buildings in the capital, whose lights blaze throughout Wealden (Charles Hendry) was talking about the aggregator, the night, regardless of whether there is anybody inside which seeks to ensure that we get good support for working in them. Will the Minister say what steps he is 1055 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1056 taking to tackle light pollution and the energy inefficiency to get involved in the sector. If there are barriers about of office buildings? In particular, is there a case to be which he wants to talk further, we are keen to remove made for mandatory movement-sensitive lighting systems? them and will be happy to engage with him in trying to assist such companies. The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate Change (Charles Hendry): My hon. Friend raises an Julian Smith (Skipton and Ripon) (Con): Will the extremely interesting issue. I have the sense sometimes Secretary of State give us an update on the decision-making that Canary Wharf would be visible from Mars at process for the location of the green investment bank? night, and there are some lessons that we need to learn. Does he agree that the bid by Leeds, in Yorkshire, looks The Government are showing leadership on this: simply particularly attractive? by using energy-saving measures we have cut our own emissions by 20% in DECC over the year, and all Chris Huhne: I see that we have now got on to the Government Departments have cut theirs by 10%. We topographical, rather than the topical, part of Question need to involve people who work in such buildings so Time. The Department for Business, Innovation and that we can get their ideas about the contribution they Skills, rather than the Department of Energy and Climate can make, because this is as much about human endeavour Change, has the lead responsibility for the green investment as the advances in technology. bank. Progress is being made, the advisory group has been set up, and I am confident that we will be able to Derek Twigg (Halton) (Lab): An increasing number make good progress in the coming months. of my constituents are telling me that they are not just anxious but frightened about whether they will be able Bill Esterson (Sefton Central) (Lab): Installing insulation to pay their winter fuel bills. I ask the Minister not what attracts a 5% reduced VAT rate, and so do installing the regulator or the companies have done but what central heating and hot water system controls, but installing specific representations the Minister or the Prime Minister an energy-efficient boiler attracts the 20% standard made to the six big energy companies about keeping the rate. Is the Secretary of State talking to Treasury colleagues cost of energy down or freezing it? If he cannot give me about this, and the need for a 5% rate on all building the details today, will he write to me and set that out? repair, maintenance and improvement works for energy efficiency projects that are eligible under the green deal? Chris Huhne: I am grateful to the hon. Gentleman for that question. We came away from the energy summit Chris Huhne: I am grateful for that question. The not just having made representations to the energy VAT regime and its complexities are a mystery to many companies but with a list of specific actions that will of us who have studied it over the years. It is full of help, including, for example, the 4 million letters that oddities. Of course, that is not just a matter for the will be sent out to vulnerable groups on access to energy Treasury, because the VAT that can be levied is subject saving. We were determined to secure all those points as to EU rules, too. The question of particular anomalies a result of the energy summit, and we did. arises not just at a British level but at European level. Sir Alan Beith (Berwick-upon-Tweed) (LD): As Rio Tinto has shown itself more determined to sell aluminium Nigel Adams (Selby and Ainsty) (Con): Will the plants across the world, including in Lynemouth, than Minister update the House on the progress being made to engage in the discussions that the Secretary of State by the Government on the renewable heat incentive? has been willing to have with it, is he equally willing to have discussions with any new buyer who might be Charles Hendry: The renewable heat incentive, as my prepared to take on the Lynemouth plant? hon. Friend will be aware, is a world beater and a new approach on which we are very glad to lead. We have Chris Huhne: I am grateful to my right hon. Friend taken it forward for commercial industrial premises. for that question. Of course I am. I would be delighted There has been a challenge from the European Commission to have discussions. I want to see jobs preserved both at that we are in the process of sorting out, and we are Lynemouth and in the rest of the country. We hope that finalising the details for the domestic sector because we aluminium can continue to be produced in this country recognise that it is an important way of encouraging because, in our thrust towards low-carbon transition, people to consider alternative ways of heating their we will need aluminium as part of the raw materials for homes. that revolution. Caroline Lucas (Brighton, Pavilion) (Green): Analysis Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Test) (Lab): Will commissioned by G20 Finance Ministers shows that the Minister urgently investigate the impediment that applying a carbon price to international transport fuels his Department is imposing on new entrants in the will both reduce emissions and generate billions of energy market by back-charging for levy obligations pounds for climate finance for developing countries. after a company has a certain number of customers in What assessment has the Secretary of State made of its roster? Will he make proposals to deal with that that report, and what discussions is he having with anomaly so that such entrants are not impeded? ministerial colleagues about agreeing a UK position on it in advance of the Durban climate conference? Charles Hendry: The hon. Gentleman makes an important point, and I would be happy to discuss it Chris Huhne: I am particularly keen on this area, as further with him. We have lifted the threshold at which I was on the UN Secretary-General’s advisory group on those obligations start from 50,000 customers to 250,000 finance that recommended that it should go forward customers, which will greatly assist smaller companies and that the G20 should look at it. We are having 1057 Oral Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Oral Answers 1058 continuing discussions, and I am very hopeful that this Andrew George (St Ives) (LD): In respect of the is one of the most fruitful areas in which we can raise Minister of State’s responses regarding the Office of climate finance for developing countries. Fair Trading’s inquiry into off-grid energy supplies, which identified the importance of a diversity of suppliers, Tessa Munt (Wells) (LD): I have a number of constituents does he accept that the nature of the contracts that have in very rural areas who are off-gas and have wood-burning been entered into restricts the opportunities for those stoves that can be connected to radiator systems. They who are supplied, particularly where they are forced to are deliberately avoiding the installation of oil-fired have a container to hold the liquefied petroleum gas? boilers because of the high cost of heating oil and the local availability of wood. If someone in that position Charles Hendry: The Office of Fair Trading has indicated were to install a radiator heating system powered by that it will look at further examples of market abuse their existing wood burner, would it be eligible for and anti-competitive behaviour, and that it is looking funding under the green deal scheme? for evidence to be submitted to it in order to take that work forward, so there will undoubtedly be areas of Chris Huhne: The green deal scheme is specifically for further work that needs to be done. Some of that may insulation, but the renewable heat incentive scheme is need to be referred to the Competition Commission, available precisely to provide alternatives to oil-fired and I hope that my hon. Friend will make forceful boilers in off-gas-grid areas, for example. I understand representations to that effect. that some of the offers are very attractive here and now. We have some support for residential schemes, and they will be expanded when we have assessed the pilots next Several hon. Members rose— year. Mr Speaker: I must squeeze in Naomi Long. Thomas Docherty (Dunfermline and West Fife) (Lab): Yesterday’s news on Longannet was obviously deeply Naomi Long (Belfast East) (Alliance): The extraction disappointing to my constituents, and to the whole of of shale gas by hydraulic fracturing carries with it Fife. Will the Secretary of State set out what assessment significant environmental risks. What assessment have he has made of the medium-term future of the station, the Government made of those risks, and what discussions and will his Department work with me to secure a have they had with their counterparts in the Northern long-term future for it? Will he also confirm that despite Ireland Assembly about those? the bluster and spin from the Scottish National party Government, not a single penny has been offered by Charles Hendry: Let me reassure the hon. Lady that Mr Salmond? any shale gas extraction has to abide by exactly the same environmental and regulatory restrictions as any Charles Hendry: May I first thank the hon. Gentleman other oil and gas developments. There has been only for the very constructive way in which he has engaged in very limited interest, and there is only one drilling this process and for the support that he has given to his application at the moment, in Lancashire, with Cuadrilla. constituents? I think that there is joint disappointment It has potential for the United Kingdom but the issues that it has not been possible to take that project forward. here are very different from those in the United States The longer-term future of the plant will now be a in terms of land ownership rights, which I think will matter for the company, and that was always going to impede its development here compared with the rate in be one of the problems of a retrospective regime at an the US. It has a potential role to play, but it will be done old plant with the upgrading costs that would have been within very strict environmental constraints. necessary. I am delighted that he will engage with us as Ministers and with our officials on the best way of taking things forward, because we are completely committed Several hon. Members rose— to seeing carbon capture and storage developed, preferably in Scotland. As far as I am aware, not one penny of Mr Speaker: As usual, demand exceeds supply, but support was offered by the Scottish Government. we must move on. 1059 20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1060

Business of the House quickly, I start today by calling for an immediate general election. [Interruption.] They are already out there 11.34 am campaigning. At the beginning of the week we all saw the astonishing Ms Angela Eagle (Wallasey) (Lab): Will the Leader of pictures of the Minister of State, Cabinet Office taking the House please give us the forthcoming business? his regular early morning strolls in the park. He is well known for his wisdom. He recently startled a group of The Leader of the House of Commons (Sir George Young): his own Back Benchers by announcing that the Government The business for the week commencing 24 October will would run out of ideas by 2012. Some of us think that be: they already have. He then upset the Deputy Prime MONDAY 24 OCTOBER—Motion relating to a national Minister by saying: referendum on the European Union. This subject has “We don’t want more people from Sheffield flying away on been nominated by the Backbench Business Committee. cheap holidays.” In addition, my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister Now it appears that the Prime Minister’s policy supremo plans to make a statement on the European Council. and blue-sky thinker has developed a penchant for al TUESDAY 25 OCTOBER—Remaining stages of the Public fresco filing and is the subject of two official investigations Bodies Bill [Lords]. as a result. Is not the real problem that he has been WEDNESDAY 26 OCTOBER—Opposition day [unallotted throwing away the wrong things? Next time he is out for day]. There will be a debate on an Opposition motion. an early morning stroll in the park he should be throwing Subject to be announced. the Government’s failing economic strategy and their wasteful NHS plans in the bin, rather than disposing of THURSDAY 27 OCTOBER—A general debate on the UK chairmanship of the Council of Europe. his constituents’ private details. Can we have a debate on Ministers who think that the rules do not apply to The provisional business for the week commencing them? 31 October will include: Speaking of which, in his statement yesterday the MONDAY 31 OCTOBER—Instruction relating to the Legal Leader of the House said that it was time to move on Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill, from the scandal engulfing the former Secretary of followed by remaining stages of the Legal Aid, Sentencing State for Defence. Will he accept that we cannot move and Punishment of Offenders Bill (day 1). on while serious questions remain? In that context, it TUESDAY 1NOVEMBER—Continuation of remaining has been widely reported that the former Secretary of stages of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of State used his then parliamentary office to run his Offenders Bill (day 2). discredited charity, Atlantic Bridge. Has the Leader of WEDNESDAY 2NOVEMBER—Conclusion of remaining the House conducted an investigation into this issue, stages of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of and if so is he satisfied that no parliamentary rules were Offenders Bill (day 3). broken by that unusual arrangement? THURSDAY 3NOVEMBER—Business nominated by the If yesterday saw the House at its most combative, Backbench Business Committee. Monday saw the House at its most consensual. The injustice and raw emotion still felt by the Hillsborough I should also like to inform the House that the families was movingly reflected in this House on Monday business in Westminster Hall for 27 October will be: in one of the most powerful debates I have witnessed in THURSDAY 27 OCTOBER—A debate on NHS care of all my time as a Member of this place. Will the right older people. hon. Gentleman join me in congratulating the Backbench I remind the House that the week commencing Business Committee on the speed with which it facilitated 31 October will be Parliament week. This is an exciting that important debate? Members on both sides of the House new national initiative, exploring how democracy affects now recognise the urgent need to release all the documents citizens and how they can participate in it. Of particular relating to the disaster to get finally at the truth and interest to Members during Parliament week will be the bring some comfort to the families. Following the disgraceful fact that the UK Youth Parliament is holding its annual comments yesterday by Sir Oliver Popplewell, who accused debate in the Chamber on Friday 4 November. I look the families of harbouring conspiracy theories, will the forward to welcoming all those taking part on that day, Leader of the House ask the Home Secretary to join and I am sure that other hon. Members will take an Opposition Members in condemning unreservedly those interest in the proceedings. crass and insensitive remarks. The Leader of the House has just announced last-minute, Ms Eagle: I thank the right hon. Gentleman for his wholesale changes to next week’s business. There have answer. I certainly hope that the business remains the been two major changes to business in less than 24 hours, same until we get to Monday because we have had two and the right hon. Gentleman has brought forward the very drastic changes in less than 24 hours. Public Bodies Bill and shifted the Legal Aid, Sentencing I pay tribute to the outgoing Serjeant at Arms, who and Punishment of Offenders Bill back by a week. That will be sorely missed when she leaves in the new year. Bill has been ambushed by Tory hangers and floggers, She is the first woman to hold the post and she has and torn to pieces, both in the press and by the legal served the House with distinction for 18 years. profession. It is all too obvious that the Ministry of Never let it be said that business questions does not Justice is in a mess and cannot even bring its Bill to the achieve results. Just 24 hours after my first appearance House. here as shadow Leader of the House last week, the The most revealing announcement from the Leader Prime Minister answered my call to include more women of the House was about the Government’s decision to in his Cabinet. If he is going to take my advice that rush forward the debate proposing a referendum on 1061 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1062

Britain’s membership of the European Union from Foreign Secretary. I hope that that is generally understood. Thursday to first thing Monday. Fifty-nine Conservatives Consideration of the Public Bodies Bill in Committee have already declared their intention to defy their leader, ended two weeks ago, and it is entirely appropriate that and there are reports that at least five ministerial aides we deal with the remaining stages next Tuesday. are on the brink of resignation, so is that not proof of a growing Tory mutiny that has the Prime Minister running Sarah Newton (Truro and Falmouth) (Con): Does my scared, the Whips Office in a panic and a Government right hon. Friend share my utter frustration with Opposition split from top to bottom? Will the Leader of the House Members constantly talking women down? May we confirm that if he thought he could have got away with have a debate to celebrate British women and what the it, he would have scheduled this debate on Sunday Government are doing to support more women and evening during “Songs of Praise”? girls to fulfil their full potential? [Interruption.]

Sir George Young: I am grateful to the hon. Lady for Mr Speaker: Order. We are all interested to hear those questions, and I endorse entirely what she said about the frustrations of the Prime Minister’s Parliamentary about Jill Pay, the Serjeant at Arms, who has been a Private Secretary, even if they are expressed from a doughty servant of the House for so long, and who will sedentary position. be much missed when she retires in January. The hon. Lady rightly pointed out that within 24 hours Sir George Young: I am sure that my right hon. Friend I responded to her request for more women in the would welcome any opportunity to celebrate women, Cabinet. On the issue of calling a general election, I Mr. Speaker. have announced an Opposition Day, and it is perfectly We discussed on Tuesday the changes we made to the open to the Opposition to table a vote of no confidence Pensions Bill, which have reduced the delay that confronted in the Government. I am sure that she had the approval women before they became entitled to the state pension. of the Leader of the Opposition in laying down that We have announced changes to the universal credit so challenge. that those working less than 16 hours a week will be We held a debate on the economy last week, and we entitled to child care payments, and we are taking a spent some time on the issue. It remains our view that range of measures, not least the Work programme, that an essential ingredient of growth is low interest rates, will help those women who want to return to part-time and we believe that the policies advocated by the Opposition work. I would welcome such a debate, but at the moment would prejudice that. A 1% rise in interest rates would, I cannot find time to schedule one. on average, increase mortgage costs by £80 a month, which would not be welcomed by householders. Mr Bob Ainsworth (Coventry North East) (Lab): On the debate on Monday, I agree that it was a very, There will be suspicion in the House about the timing of very moving debate that showed the House at its best, the Report stage of the Public Bodies Bill. There is and it was a credit to the Backbench Business Committee growing concern about the Government’s inadequate for scheduling it. It was the product of the e-petition response to the call for the establishment of the office of system that was introduced at the beginning of this the chief coroner. If we consider the Bill on Report next Parliament in response to a coalition agreement Tuesday, that is well ahead of any intention by the commitment, and it was a credit to that system, too. Government to publish and make available the details of the responses to the consultation on this issue. How As for the comments by Justice Popplewell, I have not can we deal with the Bill on Report without those read them, but I would condemn any insensitive comments, responses? Will the Leader of the House put them in particularly at this moment in time. I think that the the Library? House is united in urging everyone to work constructively with the independent panel so that the public can finally Sir George Young: The Bill is of course paving legislation; learn the truth. it introduces the capacity to make the changes to which The final issue raised by the hon. Lady was the the right hon. Gentleman refers. The Bill finished in business for next week. When I first became a Member Committee two weeks ago and only one amendment of Parliament, we received the business for one week is down for consideration, so I think that one day on ahead, and that was it. A few years ago, it was changed, Report is appropriate. The progress of the Bill on so one week was fixed and business for the second week Tuesday in no way precludes the progress for which the was provisional. The deal was always that the second right hon. Gentleman has just asked. week was provisional. We try not to make any changes, because we know that that causes disruption, but Mr David Nuttall (Bury North) (Con): May we please occasionally it is necessary. Last Thursday I announced have a statement on whether the Government will that next Thursday would be devoted to a debate approved recompense anyone who planned to attend a lobby of by the Backbench Business Committee. The motion was Parliament next Thursday, organised by the People’s not tabled until yesterday—Wednesday—which was when Pledge, but have now had to reorganise their travel the Government saw the motion on an EU referendum. plans as a result of the rescheduling of Government My view—I hope that it is shared by the Backbench business? Business Committee and the House—is that the debate would be enriched by the presence of the Foreign Secretary. Sir George Young: If the Government were to be He is available on Monday; he is not available, because liable for changes in the provisional business for the he will be at the Commonwealth Heads of Government second week, I suspect that the consequence would be conference in Australia, on Thursday. That is why we that it would never be announced. It is perfectly possible brought the debate forward to Monday, and I think that for those who want to lobby Parliament to do so next the House would welcome a debate addressed by the Thursday. 1063 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1064

Natascha Engel (North East Derbyshire) (Lab): Although or Standing Orders to ensure that we do hand over the I welcome the participation of the Foreign Secretary whole of our business to the Backbench Business and the Prime Minister in the debate on Monday, does Committee? the Leader of the House agree that such short-notice rescheduling could be avoided by simply giving the Sir George Young: Unusually, the hon. Gentleman is Backbench Business Committee a set day every week, wholly misinformed about the commitment in the coalition perhaps Wednesday afternoon, in which to schedule its agreement. There is no commitment to hand over the business? While on the subject of scheduling business, whole of our business to the Backbench Business will he please confirm what time the Government will Committee. give the Committee in the Chamber between now and the end of the Session to compensate for the extended Chris Bryant: Yes there is. length of the Session? Sir George Young: There is not. There is a commitment Sir George Young: I welcome what the hon. Lady says to establish a House business committee alongside the about the Foreign Secretary’s participation in the debate, Backbench Business Committee. We are committed to as I think it is important, as I said, that he takes part. doing that, and we remain committed to doing it in the Although a fixed day for Back-Bench business would third year of the Parliament. give certainty, it would not necessarily overcome the particular problem of Ministers being unavailable on a Steve Baker (Wycombe) (Con): I am absolutely fixed day for debates that are settled at short notice. delighted—indeed, thrilled—that the Government are On the hon. Lady’s question, we have said that we so keen to discuss the European Union that they have will give proportionately more time to the Backbench brought the business forward to Monday, but what will Business Committee to reflect the longer Session. She the Leader of the House say to those members of the will know from the business I have announced that the public who might have preferred one or two more weeks Committee is getting roughly one day a week. I said in to make their views perfectly clear to their MPs? response to her a few weeks ago that once we are through the main Report stages of the Government’s Sir George Young: Earlier in this session, the Backbench Bills, there should be more headroom in the remaining Business Committee was commended for scheduling months of the Session to be more generous to the the debate, which was going to be next Thursday and is Committee with time. now next Monday, so I find it difficult to reconcile what my hon. Friend says with the freedom that we have Mr Bernard Jenkin (Harwich and North Essex) (Con): given to the Committee to respond promptly to e-petitions. May I welcome the words of the Leader of the House The e-petition in question was started many weeks ago, on the importance of e-petitions leading to debates and people have had adequate time to contact their such as the one on Hillsborough? Does he agree that Members of Parliament if they so wish to. that also applies to the debate on the referendum, which he has brought forward to Monday? I welcome the fact Mr Nigel Dodds (Belfast North) (DUP): May we that the Government have elevated the importance of have a debate in Government time on the work of the that debate and recognise how important it is that the Electoral Commission? A report out today strongly Foreign Secretary attends. Does the Leader of the House criticises the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland for not also agree that these issues overlap with the core “poor planning, insufficient communication and lack of an overall purpose of the coalition, which is deficit reduction and management plan” the need to obtain growth, and that growth can be revived in this country only if we are able to deregulate for the counts during the Assembly elections, the referendum our economy and therefore renegotiate our relationship and the council elections held in May. Voters in Northern with the EU? Ireland deserve the same high standards that apply elsewhere in the United Kingdom, so a debate would be Sir George Young: We are committed to an agenda of very useful in focusing attention on those serious matters. deregulation. For example, there is the one-in, one-out rule; there is a deregulation unit working at the moment Sir George Young: I understand the right hon. to see what further deregulation can be introduced; and Gentleman’s concern. I cannot promise a debate, but I we are working on the agenda of the report by Lord will draw the attention of the Electoral Commission in Young, introduced a year ago. I see no reason why we Northern and, indeed, of my right hon. Friend the should not continue with that agenda and still remain Secretary of State for Northern Ireland to the concerns full members of the European Union. that he has expressed.

Chris Bryant (Rhondda) (Lab): We should not draw Mark Reckless (Rochester and Strood) (Con): Will up the timetable for our business according to the the Leader of the House join me in congratulating the convenience of Ministers; it should be about the convenience People’s Pledge on pressing for a referendum on Europe of this House. The Leader of the House has already and the debate on Monday? Does he agree that another committed in the coalition agreement to hand over the advantage of having the Foreign Secretary here for whole of our business to the Backbench Business Monday’s debate is that he will then be able to report Committee by the third year of this Parliament, which I the good news to our Commonwealth partners? reckon means—[Interruption.] Yes, it says “by” the third year; it does not say “in” the third year. I reckon Sir George Young: That, if I may say so, was not the that means that he has only 19 more sessions of business question I was expecting from my hon. Friend, but it is questions, so when will he bring forward the legislation of course a much easier one, and the answer is yes, the 1065 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1066

Foreign Secretary will be able to pass on the views of Sir George Young: I am not sure that the cause of the the House when he goes to the Commonwealth Heads Roma was assisted by the scenes that took place yesterday; of Government meeting later in the week. they may give a totally wrong impression to the one that the hon. Gentleman wants to give about the Roma Kate Green (Stretford and Urmston) (Lab): On 18 July, community. There are provisions in the Localism Bill the Minister for Further Education, Skills and Lifelong now going through the House to strengthen councils’ Learning announced that he was working with colleagues powers to ensure that such scenes do not happen again, in the Department for Communities and Local Government and there is £60 million over the spending review period and with the Association of Colleges on new forms of to help councils and other registered providers provide support for community-based ESOL—English for speakers more sites, but it is important that the law is upheld, and of other languages—learning for those in settled no one should be beyond the reach of it. communities who are not in receipt of eligible benefits, but colleges have had no funding for such courses since Mr Philip Hollobone (Kettering) (Con): The Daylight August. Will the Leader of the House arrange for an Saving Bill, the Second Reading of which the House urgent statement from the Minister updating us on his passed by 92 votes to 10 in December, has been held up discussions with CLG colleagues so that funding can be for 10 months by the passage of its money resolution. secured? The Bill is unable to make further progress until the Government table that resolution. Will the Leader of Sir George Young: I understand the importance of the House tell us when he intends it to be tabled so that securing that funding for continuity of education. I the Bill can make further progress? cannot promise a statement, but I will contact my hon. Friend and ask him to write to the hon. Lady with a Sir George Young: I shall make some inquiries of the response to the important issue that she just raised. Treasury, whose consent would be needed for any money resolution, and when I have had that dialogue I will get Mr Peter Bone (Wellingborough) (Con): This Sunday back to my hon. Friend. a regular season National Football League American football game will be played at Wembley. During that Keith Vaz (Leicester East) (Lab): When may we have game—[Interruption.] During that game, the NFL will a debate or statement on the situation in Yemen? As the honour our brave servicemen and women, and it is Leader of the House knows, the Foreign Secretary has providing 500 free tickets for them. May we have a taken a resolution to the UN Security Council, and we statement next week supporting that measure and are very grateful for that, but 94 children have now died, encouraging other sporting events to do the same, and 300,000 people have been displaced and 30 schools in can we ensure that it is not on Monday. [Interruption.] Sana’a are now occupied by the military. This is a political and humanitarian crisis. Please may we have a debate about it? Mr Speaker: Order. Just before the Leader of the House responds, I note that there is quite a lot of sedentary chuntering about the inappropriateness of the hon. Sir George Young: I understand the right hon. Member for Wellingborough (Mr Bone) having a prop. Gentleman’s concern that, following the President’s return On the whole, we discourage the use of props on 23 September, there would be renewed outbreaks of in the Chamber, but it is fine for the hon. Gentleman to violence, and indeed there have been some very worrying hold the ball or even to put it down—but not to do incidents, with 110 people killed in clashes. We urge all anything violent with it. parties to reach a consensus urgently on implementing a political settlement, leading to the formation of a national unity Government, the restoration of security and early Sir George Young: If I may say so, Mr Speaker, you elections. The right hon. Gentleman might like to ask have been very generous. I remember a debate on oranges, the Backbench Business Committee whether it can hold when an hon. Member produced an orange and was a debate on that important issue. severely rebuked for so doing, as it had the potential to be an offensive weapon. Greg Mulholland (Leeds North West) (LD): Given I think that that is a generous gesture by the NFL, that the international aid budget is now about £8 billion and it should be commended. My hon. Friend may and will rise to £13 billion during this Parliament, given know that the all-party group on American football the fact that one of the worst aid crises ever seen is had its inaugural meeting yesterday and was, indeed, happening in east Africa, with a record-breaking British addressed by my hon. Friend the Deputy Leader of the response, and given the fact that the Government are House, so I applaud the initiative and hope that it is a leading the world on international development, is it very successful game at Wembley stadium on Sunday. not time that the Department for International Development joined the departmental top table, starting Sir Alan Meale (Mansfield) (Lab): Will the Leader of with an hour-long International Development Question the House find time for a debate before the Christmas Time? recess on the Roma? Everyone in the House is aware of the alarming scenes that occurred yesterday at Dale Sir George Young: That is an interesting proposition Farm, and they have been viewed with despair by and we would like to have discussions through the usual human rights organisations not only in the UK, but channels to see whether there is an appetite for it. elsewhere. Will he also ask his colleagues in the appropriate However, any lengthening of a session for one Department Department whether they will take the issue with them of necessity means reduced time for another, so I should into the presidency that we will shortly hold of the like to reflect on the hon. Gentleman’s proposition to Council of Europe? see whether there is any flexibility. 1067 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1068

Jim McGovern (Dundee West) (Lab): May we have a storage scheme at Longannet on the River Forth. Will debate in Government time on the Sayce report and its he arrange for a debate in the Chamber or a statement potential impact on the Remploy organisation? The on carbon capture and storage? The scheme moved Remploy factory in my constituency has a first-class from the River Don, where it was decided not to place work force, and I am sure the same is true of its it, to the River Forth. I have visited the scheme, and it is factories throughout the country. Such a debate would technologically workable. The pipeline will always be allow us to reach the right decision, which should be there, but using the North sea makes it necessary to put continued Government support for Remploy rather than a pipeline in, and that will cost money. Surely the unnecessarily throwing people on the dole. Government must explain what they are doing about carbon capture and storage and what the involvement Sir George Young: I understand the hon. Gentleman’s of the Scottish Government is. concern about Remploy. I cannot promise a debate, but he might to apply to Mr Speaker for a debate in Sir George Young: I understand the hon. Gentleman’s Westminster Hall, or to the Backbench Business Committee, concern. I have just re-read the speech that my right so that we can spend more time on these important issues. hon. Friend the Energy Secretary made yesterday, which contained a big chunk on precisely this issue. He confirmed Mark Pritchard (The Wrekin) (Con): May we have a that the £1 billion was still available, and a number of debate on the whipping of Back-Bench business, given other schemes are eligible. We have therefore debated that there is now a three-line Whip for those on the this recently, and we have just had Energy and Climate Government Benches, a three-line Whip for the Liberal Change questions. Democrats, and, within the past 30 minutes, a three-line Whip for those on the Labour Benches? Is it any surprise Andrew Bridgen (North West Leicestershire) (Con): that the British public are increasingly frustrated that Is the Leader of the House aware of recent reports that this place is more out of touch than ever on the European the UK bioscience industry is returning to levels of question with regard to their own opinions? economic activity not seen for quite some time, and should not this be the subject of a debate? Sir George Young: Whipping matters, happily, lie in the capable hands of my right hon. Friend the Patronage Sir George Young: I welcome the progress that is Secretary, but I say to my hon. Friend that nothing in being made, and I am aware of my hon. Friend’s academic the manifesto on which I stood mentioned an in or out background in this area. I understand that, according referendum. We stood on a manifesto of being in Europe to Oxfordshire Bioscience Network, county firms in the but not run by Europe. field attracted £125 million of cash—80% of the total for the whole of the UK. I applaud the work the Tony Lloyd (Manchester Central) (Lab): The Leader Department for Business, Innovation and Skills is doing of the House has always been very helpful in trying to to promote this area of growth. make sure that Ministers meet Members of this House, but may we have a statement on what is expected so that we can prevent the situation whereby a Minister in the Graham Stringer (Blackley and Broughton) (Lab): other place said to one of my colleagues that he is Earlier this week, the Luddites of Greenpeace achieved rationing his exchanges with Members of Parliament a judgment at the European Court of Justice disallowing and offered an official instead, which, I think the House the patenting of discoveries made where the basis was a would accept, is outrageous? human stem cell. This will put British science back for years and damage it enormously. It also increases the Sir George Young: I understand the hon. Gentleman’s likelihood that people suffering from degenerative diseases concern. The last time this was raised at business questions, will not get the cures they need in time. Will the Leader I asked for a list of the Ministers who had declined to of the House allow a debate in Government time on this see hon. Members. I took it up with my colleagues, and incredibly important issue? I think we reached a resolution. I should like further details of the problems the hon. Gentleman mentions, Sir George Young: I am grateful to the hon. Gentleman. and I will do what I can to resolve them. There is a good leader in The Times today on this important subject asking what Greenpeace’s interest is Philip Davies (Shipley) (Con): May we have a debate in this area of science. Speaking purely personally, I am on political timing, in which I could try to persuade the in favour of research that enables one to treat and Government why now is precisely the right time to hold prevent degenerative diseases. I will certainly contact a referendum on the European Union? It would give my my right hon. Friends to see whether there is any action right hon. Friend the opportunity to try to persuade we can take in the light of this decision. me—in vain, I suspect—that a time when we are cutting domestic budgets is precisely the right time massively to Nick de Bois (Enfield North) (Con): Lord Justice increase our overseas aid budget. Scott Baker has now published his report into UK extradition arrangements, to which, worryingly, he seems Sir George Young: I think that my hon. Friend has to have given broad approval. Will the Leader of the rehearsed a speech that he might make on Monday if he House grant a debate so that this House can voice its succeeds in catching your eye, Mr Speaker. opinion on the report and conclusions?

Michael Connarty (Linlithgow and East Falkirk) (Lab): Sir George Young: I agree that it is an important The Leader of the House will have heard some of the report, and I understand the wide concern that exists. questions on the collapse of the carbon capture and I cannot promise my hon. Friend a debate in the very 1069 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1070 near future, but he might like to try his luck with the at Airbus’s plant at Broughton, and the announcement Backbench Business Committee. by PricewaterhouseCoopers of a £20 million investment in Belfast. I welcome what my hon. Friend has said Mr Dave Watts (St Helens North) (Lab): We now about getting a balanced debate on these issues. know that the former Defence Secretary’s private office and the permanent secretary knew that he was breaking Jonathan Ashworth (Leicester South) (Lab): Will the the ministerial code. We are led to believe that the Leader of the House find time for a debate on the Prime Cabinet Secretary and the Prime Minister did not know. Minister’s attitude to youth unemployment? Last week, May we have a statement on why they did not know and the Prime Minister told me that the future jobs fund what action is going to be taken against the officials for provided only phoney jobs. Since then, I have been not reporting this breach? inundated with young people getting in touch with me to tell me that they had found genuine employment Sir George Young: We dealt with this at some length through the future jobs fund. Does the Leader of the yesterday. The subject is covered by the Cabinet Secretary’s House agree that the Prime Minister should be a little report, which addresses the issue raised by the hon. more sensitive when talking about such matters? Gentleman and comes up with recommendations to ensure that if there is a recurrence the necessary steps Sir George Young: I am sure that the Prime Minister will be taken and the Cabinet Secretary and, if necessary, is always sensitive on issues such as youth unemployment, the Prime Minister will be notified. about which he cares deeply. The latest figures show that the number of 16 to 18-year-olds not in education, Gareth Johnson (Dartford) (Con): Darent Valley hospital employment or training is falling. I am sure that the in my constituency labours under one of the first private hon. Gentleman will welcome that. I hope that he will finance initiative arrangements in the national health also welcome what we are doing with the Work programme service. Could Government time be allocated to discuss to get people back into work. how we might best help hospitals that are held back by PFI arrangements that have not exactly stood the test of Christopher Pincher (Tamworth) (Con): Inspired by time? the question of my hon. Friend the Member for Colne Valley (Jason McCartney) to the Prime Minister yesterday, Sir George Young: In some cases, it has been possible may I ask for a debate on the regional growth fund and to renegotiate PFI arrangements, obviously with agreement the new jobs that will be created by the first tranche of on both sides. I will draw the attention of my right hon. £450 million that has been conditionally allocated? Friend the Health Secretary to this issue and see whether there is any role for the Department or, indeed, the Sir George Young: I welcome what my hon. Friend Government to play in helping to reduce the burden on says. I think that the Leader of the Opposition was this trust. rather dismissive of the regional growth fund yesterday. The first £450 million has been awarded on a conditional Nick Smith (Blaenau Gwent) (Lab): The Department basis to 50 companies. That is expected to create 27,000 jobs for International Development is rightly putting more directly and more than 100,000 indirectly through associated resources into countries such as Somalia and Pakistan. supply chains. However, the Public Accounts Committee is concerned about increased financial investment where there are Mr Barry Sheerman (Huddersfield) (Lab/Co-op): I problems of corruption and governance or where DFID wonder whether I can persuade the Leader of the has reduced its administrative capacity. May we have a House to make this House even more relevant and to statement on DFID and financial management? enhance its reputation by listening to the concerns of the people—mainly young people—who are clustered Sir George Young: My right hon. Friend the Secretary around St Paul’s in the City, and by debating in this of State has made it clear that his Department has zero House the particular concern about the growing chasm tolerance of fraud and abuse. My understanding is that between the super-rich who make up 1% or 2% of the some 82% of fraudulent payments are recovered and population and the ordinary people of our country. It that new systems have been introduced since June last would surely show the relevance of this Chamber if we year to reduce the likelihood of payments going astray. spoke directly to those concerns. I know that in due course the Government will want to respond to the PAC report. Sir George Young: I hope that the House does address those concerns when it debates the economy, youth Andrew Jones (Harrogate and Knaresborough) (Con): unemployment and education. Having listened to some May we have a debate on the amount of investment by of those outside St Paul’s, it does not seem to me that businesses in the UK? We have very good examples there is one coherent message. They have a range of such as Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Jaguar Land Rover, objectives. Of course we should listen to them. It is a but there are examples from right across the country. I matter for the authorities of St Paul’s how long this would particularly like to highlight the tourism and goes on, particularly if it is impeding access to the food manufacturing sectors in my constituency. cathedral.

Sir George Young: I am grateful to my hon. Friend. It Tony Baldry (Banbury) (Con): There has been no is important to keep a perspective on this. One tends to consultation so far with Church and faith groups on the read disappointing news about closures, but that needs Government’s proposals to introduce legislation for to be balanced by good news such as the investment of same-sex marriage. As the Leader of the House will Jaguar Land Rover in Wolverhampton, strong order books know, the view of the Church of England on marriage 1071 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1072

[Tony Baldry] will listen to the Foreign Secretary’s speech on Monday and come to a conclusion in the light of the balance of is that which has been approved by Parliament in the Act the arguments. of Uniformity 1662 and which is set out in the Book of Common Prayer: that marriage is an act between a man Bill Esterson (Sefton Central) (Lab): Last week at and a woman. When determining the business of the business questions, I asked the Leader of the House House, will he ensure that there is sufficient time for about Crosby coastguard and the proposal by its staff sensitive and considered consultation with Church and to site the maritime operations centre there, which faith groups on this issue? If the principle is one simply would save the Government a significant amount of of equity, is it also the Government’s proposal that money. His reply was that different-sex couples will be able to enter into civil “the Government are interested in all options that might save partnerships in church? money”.—[Official Report, 13 October 2011; Vol. 533, c. 488.] I wonder whether he has had time to discuss this matter Sir George Young: I am grateful to my hon. Friend with his ministerial colleagues, and what the answer and I commend the work he does as Church Commissioner might be. in this House. Next week, my hon. Friend the Minister for Equalities will start a range of discussions, including Sir George Young: Further to the hon. Gentleman’s with religious organisations, about the consultation question last week, I raised this issue with Ministers at document on equal marriage, which we plan to publish the Department for Transport, who will write to him in March next year. That will address some of the issues shortly. I can confirm that the Maritime and Coastguard that the hon. Gentleman has spoken about. It is not the Agency is considering all responses to the specific questions Government’s intention to oblige religious organisations that were asked. Ministers will decide on a way forward to carry out ceremonies with which they feel uncomfortable. very soon.

Tom Blenkinsop (Middlesbrough South and East Richard Graham (Gloucester) (Con): During Prime Cleveland) (Lab): May we have a debate on the new Minister’s questions yesterday, the Opposition levelled Tory thinking on benefits and pensions? It was reported the accusation that large numbers of people had not yesterday in The Daily Telegraph that coalition Back registered for further education colleges this year as a Benchers sitting on the Public Accounts Committee result of the abolition of education maintenance allowance. have called explicitly for a further cut in the basic rate of As it happens, I spoke last week to the principal of the state benefits that is used to calculate pensions. Given excellent Gloucestershire college in my constituency. He that Tory policy has created the current levels of inflation, told me that it was true that registrations had fallen will the Leader of the House comment on the new Tory sharply this year, but his research had shown that that thinking that wants to reduce the rate for benefits below was the result of a substantial increase in the number of the consumer prices index? pupils staying on for sixth form at schools. He was dealing with the EMA issue using a judicious combination Sir George Young: The Government’s position on of the Government’s new 16 to 19 bursary fund and the benefits was set out in the Budget last June. We made it college’s subsidy. Will the Leader of the House ask an clear that benefits and pensions should be linked to education Minister to research this issue and confirm CPI. We have made firm commitments on that basis. whether the accusation was inaccurate? There will be an uprating statement later this year in the light of the latest CPI and retail prices index figures. Sir George Young: The bursary fund will give £400 more than was available under EMA to the most vulnerable Mr James Clappison (Hertsmere) (Con): A few moments students. It is worth reminding the House that EMA ago in response to a question, my right hon. Friend was paid to 45% of 16 to 18-year-olds in further education described Conservative policy in the last manifesto of or training. Only one in 10 of those people said it was being necessary for their continued participation, so there was “in Europe but not run by Europe.” a lot of dead-weight in EMA. The new arrangements are much more realistically targeted, and those in the He will remember a particular occasion on which he greatest need are getting more than they would have was standing for election, when he described himself as received under EMA. being somebody who was “in the Conservative party, not run by the Conservative party.”— Diana Johnson (Kingston upon Hull North) (Lab): [Official Report, 22 June 2009; Vol. 494, c. 619.] The Deputy Prime Minister is in Cairo today making Does he think that the same principle could usefully be an announcement about £5 million of investment. With applied to the Back-Bench business on Monday? 49 people chasing every job vacancy in my constituency, 899 people under threat of redundancy at BAE Systems Sir George Young: I think that the quotation that my at Brough, and only two companies benefiting from the hon. Friend refers to was made during one of the regional growth fund over the past 16 months, may we speakership elections in which I stood—in fact, I think please have a debate in which the Deputy Prime Minister that I said it in both speakership elections. Had I been can announce to the House what investment he can elected, I would of course have stood by that. However, offer to boost the economy in Yorkshire? on Monday I think that we need to consider what we said in our manifesto. As I have said, there was no Sir George Young: I hope that the hon. Lady did not commitment to an in or out referendum, but there was a imply that the assistance that the Deputy Prime Minister commitment not to transfer any more powers to Brussels. has announced should not be given. I hope that she We have secured the referendum lock. I hope that he welcomes the increase in the budget of the Department 1073 Business of the House20 OCTOBER 2011 Business of the House 1074 for International Development. We had a debate on the Sir George Young: Royal parks, yes. economy last week in which there was an opportunity I say gently to the hon. Gentleman that an appropriate to raise these issues. She knows what we are doing rebuke was administered and I am sure there will be no through the Work programme, which is the most ambitious repetition of the incident. programme to get people back to work that we have ever seen. I hope that she will support the initiatives that Chris White (Warwick and Leamington) (Con): will bring hope to people in her constituency. Tomorrow I will meet an international development charity in my constituency called Cord, which has been Harriett Baldwin (West Worcestershire) (Con): Following doing fantastic work over the past 40 years in conflict- Monday’s short debate on Members’ pensions, does the affected and fragile states such as Chad and Cambodia. Leader of the House plan to make a statement about Will it be possible to provide Government time for a when he intends to sign the order transferring responsibility debate on the work of our international development for our pensions to the Independent Parliamentary charities in the UK and how we can support them Standards Authority for ever? further?

Sir George Young: I have signed the commencement Sir George Young: I support the work that Cord is order following the unanimous decision of the House doing not just in the countries that my hon. Friend on Monday to transfer responsibility for pensions to mentioned but in Burundi, where it is helping those IPSA. IPSA now has responsibility for pensions, allowances affected by HIV. I know that many such organisations and pay, and I think that that is the right place for all are supported by the Department for International those things to be. Development, which has a particular fund for such initiatives. I would welcome such a debate, but I am Jonathan Edwards (Carmarthen East and Dinefwr) afraid I cannot promise one in the very near future. (PC): The Public Bodies Bill has significant implications for Wales, and not least for the future of S4C. Does the Julie Hilling (Bolton West) (Lab): Next Tuesday, hundreds Leader of the House acknowledge that the Government of young people and youth workers will lobby Parliament are riding roughshod over the concerns that remain by to save their youth services. Youth work is en route to leaving only 24 hours to table amendments? They have being the first public service to disappear completely, made these changes in the full knowledge that most and indeed in a number of places it already has. Please Welsh Members are at the Welsh Grand Committee in may we have an urgent debate in Government time on Wrexham and are unable to protest here today? the disappearance of youth services?

Sir George Young: With respect to the hon. Gentleman, Sir George Young: The youth service is an important he has had two weeks in which to table amendments service provided by the county councils, and it is up to since the Bill came out of Committee. Only one amendment them to decide which of the resources that have been has been tabled. There is still adequate time for him to made available to them to put into it. Of course Ministers table amendments so that they can be considered on will be happy to respond to a lobby, but decisions on Tuesday. resource priorities are made by locally elected authorities. Neil Carmichael (Stroud) (Con): In my constituency Bob Blackman (Harrow East) (Con): Although I will we have a lot of manufacturing and engineering to defend for ever people’s right to protest and demonstrate celebrate, especially in the small and medium enterprise peacefully, the growing encampment outside St Paul’s sector, but there would be more if we could just encourage cathedral has residents who are clearly not available for banks to lend a little more to those firms. May we have work and should not be eligible for state benefits. May some assurance that the credit easing that we are about we have a statement from the Secretary of State for to have really will reach those firms in a meaningful Work and Pensions on what action the Government are way? taking to withdraw those benefits from people who are resident there? Sir George Young: My hon. Friend is right. Ever since the 1930s we have had the so-called Macmillan gap, Sir George Young: Everyone receiving benefits on which is the absence of secure capital funding for small the basis of unemployment, including people outside and medium-sized enterprises. Other countries, such as St Paul’s, is required to be available for, and actively the US, have bonds that are available to small companies. seek, work. They must show that they meet those conditions Credit easing, more details of which will be available in when they sign on. If they cannot do that and have no the autumn statement, has as its objective not just good reason for failing to comply, they face a complete helping SMEs to provide growth and employment but loss of benefit. creating a new market in capital for them by possibly generating a new market in bonds. Mr Wayne David (Caerphilly) (Lab): There is ongoing concern in the House about the implications of the loss Barry Gardiner (Brent North) (Lab): Six hundred or misplacement of private documents in public places and fifty young people from all parts of the world were by the right hon. Member for West Dorset (Mr Letwin). stunned by the sudden closure of the TASMAC London So that we can assess accurately the scale of the problem business school. Many of them had been asked to pay that we face, may we have a debate on the literacy levels up front their fees not just for one year but for the full of tramps in public parks? three years, and the company has now sought to go into liquidation. I have asked for an urgent meeting with the Hon. Members: They are royal parks. Minister for Immigration, because the Home Office 1075 Business of the House 20 OCTOBER 2011 1076

[Barry Gardiner] National Planning Policy Framework [Relevant documents: Uncorrected evidence to the insists that those young people have only 60 days to find Environmental Audit Committee, Sustainable development a new course, pay new fees and establish their credibility in the National Planning Policy Framework, HC 1480-i; as students in this country again. They have been victims and uncorrected oral evidence to the Communities and of what many believe to be a serious fraud, and the Local Government Committee, National Planning Policy Government need to treat them as such. Will the Leader Framework, HC 1526-i, with written evidence published of the House ensure that that will be done? by the Committee on the internet and HC 1526-ii.] Sir George Young: I am sure the hon. Gentleman will support the Home Office’s work to close down bogus 12.25 pm colleges. I have great sympathy with those who find The Minister of State, Department for Communities themselves in the position he describes, and I will contact and Local Government (Greg Clark): I beg to move, my hon. Friend the Minister for Immigration to see That this House has considered the matter of the National whether there is any flexibility in the situation. Planning Policy Framework. Derek Twigg (Halton) (Lab): May we have an urgent It is a pleasure to be able to discuss our draft national debate, or an urgent statement from the Secretary of planning policy framework and to hear the contributions State for Education, on schools’ capital funding? On the of Members from all parties. one hand the Secretary of State is supporting the setting I welcome the new shadow Secretary of State to our up of a free school in Runcorn, but on the other many exchanges for the first time. He is the third shadow schools in Runcorn and Halton need capital investment, Communities Secretary in a year, and we hope he will particularly the outstanding Heath school. That would be around for a little longer than his predecessors. He is have been taken care of under the previous Government’s a regular fixture on Thursdays, and I know he will be Building Schools for the Future programme. May we much missed in business questions, but we are looking have an urgent statement on the schools capital project? forward to his contributions over the months ahead. May I also recognise the contribution of the right hon. Sir George Young: We had questions to Department Member for Don Valley (Caroline Flint)? As we all for Education Ministers earlier this week. I do not know, she is a doughty political fighter and quite a know whether the hon. Gentleman was able to take political pugilist, but she has approached planning issues part. I will certainly raise the issue with the Secretary of with a desire to find common ground and a pragmatism State and see whether we can make any progress. appropriate to the issue. Planning transcends the life of any one Government Mr Speaker: Order. I am grateful to the Leader of the and builds the foundation on which future generations House and colleagues, because 45 Back Benchers got in will live their lives. That is why it is so important, and in 41 minutes. It was great economy by Back and Front why we should take the opportunity to put in place a Benchers alike. planning system that ensures that the countryside is available in the future for our children and their children as it is for us, that they have decent homes to grow up in and that they live in places that are safe and encouraging rather than threatening and miserable. Those are the purposes of the planning system, and it is important that we have a shared perspective on them. Today’s debate comes from a commitment that I made to this House and the other place when we published the draft national planning policy framework in July. I think it is right to have Parliament debate the proposals, and we have all afternoon for the debate so that the many Members present can put their views and their constituents’ views on the record. The same debate will be held in the House of Lords in the week ahead, and of course the debates follow a 12-week consultation period that closed this week. There have been vigorous contributions from all sides—never has planning policy been so popular an issue for debate. Despite what people might think, I welcome that, because it is of prime importance and should be discussed in the open rather than the preserve of specialists. The idea that planning policy statements should simply appear having been discussed behind closed doors, rather than engaging people, is the wrong one. Scrutiny of them is a good thing.

Tristram Hunt (Stoke-on-Trent Central) (Lab): It is absolutely right that we have an open and transparent debate. Will the Minister therefore explain in his speech the funds given to the Conservative party by property 1077 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1078 developers, and the secret meetings and breakfast meetings many people in this country feel that planning is something with them? What influence did they have on the drafting that is done to them, rather than something that involves of the draft framework? them. I am not alone in saying that: the problem was also recognised in our discussions in Committee on the Greg Clark: I am very disappointed that the hon. Localism Bill. The last planning Minister in the previous Gentleman has taken that line. Property developers had Government, the right hon. Member for Wentworth no influence whatever on our draft policy framework. and Dearne (John Healey) said: Let me say something about the consultation in which “I inherited the regional spatial strategies and quickly found we are engaged. The consultation closed on Monday, as that they had…few friends…what was clear to me…was that our Members will know. It would be neither fair nor legal regional spatial strategies and our approach to planning…was too top-down”.—[Official Report, 30 June 2010; Vol. 512, for me to pre-empt the decisions that we will make in c. 272WH.] responding to the more than 10,000 responses that we received, as I am sure hon. Members will appreciate. Natascha Engel (North East Derbyshire) (Lab): This Members might come up with brilliant suggestions and is really about definitions. I asked the Prime Minister a ideas in this afternoon’s debate, either by themselves or question about that, and he said that the measures were on behalf of their constituents, but I will be constrained about giving power to local people, but does the Minister from saying, “I agree with you; we’ll put it in,” or, think that local people and local authorities are the “We’re minded to do that,” because that would prejudice same thing? These measures will give power to local our consideration of all the responses. Given that the authorities and planning committees, not to local people. consultation closed on Monday, Members will not be surprised to hear that I have not yet had time to review Greg Clark: I am pleased that the hon. Lady has all the responses. raised that point. We are indeed giving power to local councils, which are the democratically elected representatives Mr Barry Sheerman (Huddersfield) (Lab/Co-op): Let of local people. We are also scrapping the regional me say in a supportive way that we could have all the strategies that impose decisions on them. Crucially, consultation in the world, but at the end of the day however, the Localism Bill—many Members participated Ministers have to be brave, and that goes for every in the debates on it—creates the legal right to a Minister I have known in my 30 years in this House. On neighbourhood plan in any parish, town or neighbourhood the one hand, people want to protect their environment. below the local authority level. It is absolutely right that On the other, 7 million people in this country need to be neighbourhoods should have that ability, which is part in decent housing, and there would be £2.5 billion-worth of our reforms. of infrastructure ready to be built—even for energy from waste—if the Government gave the go-ahead. Bill Esterson: My constituents have similar concerns to those of my hon. Friends about the Bill’s impact. The Greg Clark: The hon. Gentleman is absolutely right, biggest issue in my constituency is protection of the green but it is important to tackle the fundamentals. That is belt. I am sure that the Minister is aware of the legal why, following our commitment to review the planning opinion obtained by the Campaign to Protect Rural framework, our analysis was that it needed a fundamental England, which says that green-belt policy review, even though it would have been easy simply to “could be undermined by the sustainable development presumption tinker with it and make minor changes. That is why we together with the expectation that applications should be approved have made the proposals that we have and why I wanted unless there are adverse impacts to policies in the NPPF as a the fullest possible consideration. We will take all whole.” representations into account. I am convinced that we I hope that he will take that opinion on board, or does will have a planning system that everyone in this Chamber he have an alternative legal opinion that counters what can be proud of, and that we will take this opportunity the CPRE has said? to create a planning system that offers future generations better prospects. Greg Clark: I will address that point explicitly later in my remarks. I might just say, however, that the hon. Bill Esterson (Sefton Central) (Lab) rose— Gentleman’s predecessor in Sunderland—

Mr Nick Raynsford (Greenwich and Woolwich) (Lab) Bill Esterson indicated dissent. rose— Greg Clark: I do apologise; the hon. Gentleman is Greg Clark: Let me make some progress, and then from Sefton. I will therefore not make the point that I I will of course give way to hon. Members on both sides intended to. of the Chamber. Let me continue the point about the importance of Let me set out the reasons for our reforms in context, putting local people in charge. The British people are a which relates to the point that the hon. Member for pretty bolshie lot, and when we feel that we are being Huddersfield (Mr Sheerman) raised. The first and overriding dictated to from above, the natural response is to seek to objective is to put power in the hands of local people. frustrate, thwart, resist and impede whatever is being Over the years, we developed arrangements in this imposed without enjoying the consent of the community. country—most recently through the regional strategies— We know from this country and around the world that that sought to resolve issues outside what people thought it is good practice to involve people in plan-making of as their communities. I understand the reasons for early and to allow them a genuine say in producing that and I do not think that those efforts were ill-intentioned plans for their area, because then they will participate by any means. However, the consequence has been that with enthusiasm. People are right to resist when bad 1079 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1080

[Greg Clark] Derek Twigg (Halton) (Lab) rose— planning is done to them, but when good planning is Jonathan Edwards (Carmarthen East and Dinefwr) done with them, they will prefer to get involved and (PC) rose— create positive places. That is why we are scrapping the regional strategies and the right of the Planning Inspectorate Greg Clark: I want to make some progress, because to rewrite local plans and why we are introducing lots of Members want to speak and I do not want to compulsory pre-application scrutiny for major developments take up too much time. However, I will take some and neighbourhood plans to ensure a local voice. interventions a little later. The first objective is to make the local plan central to Bob Russell (Colchester) (LD): Local decisions by what happens and to transfer power to local communities. local councils are important, but may I draw the Minister’s That has to be crucial. However, if we are to put local attention to what has happened in my constituency councils and people in neighbourhoods in charge, it is within 48 hours of the consultation closing? The essential that the policy context in which they operate neighbouring local authority, Tendring, decided to allocate must be accessible. They have to be able to understand land for about 3,000 houses immediately adjacent to the it. When I first started to review the planning policy borough boundary with Colchester, 2 miles away from statements and planning policy guidance notes over a the nearest community in Tendring. In other words, our year ago, I asked for them to be brought into my office. neighbouring authority is putting its housing on Colchester’s They had to be carried in—in boxes. It is not possible to doorstep. Who will make the decision there? put local councils and members in charge if they have to wade through more than 1,000 pages of national policy. Greg Clark: My hon. Friend will understand that The policy has accreted over time. It was not the intention planning Ministers cannot comment on specific situations of the previous Government or Governments before such as the one that he raises, for reasons that he knows. them to accumulate such a mountain of policy; it has [Interruption.] The hon. Member for Plymouth, Moor grown up piecemeal over time. That is why—to respond View (Alison Seabeck) also knows perfectly well why to the hon. Member for Huddersfield, who has now left that is not possible. However, over the years there have the Chamber—it was important to take the issue seriously been examples of precisely such situations, which is why and review the policy from first principles. That is what the Localism Bill will impose a legal duty on neighbouring we have done to make it accessible. The proposals that authorities and other public bodies to co-operate, so we have received to boil it down and distil it reflect a that both authorities take into account the consequences consensus in the House and beyond. In the submissions for the neighbouring area’s infrastructure. That is an that have come in from the groups outside the House, important test in the Localism Bill—indeed, it was I have seen many detailed “track changes” comments, strengthened by consensus with the Opposition—that and none of the proposals departs significantly from will provide the kind of general protections that my the type and length of document that we are aiming for. hon. Friend seeks. Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: I congratulate my right hon. Several hon. Members rose— Friend on having elevated the debate on planning policy, which is vital for the economic future of the country. Greg Clark: I will give way to my hon. Friend the May I also tell him, however, that all those who work in Member for Reading West (Alok Sharma) and then the planning system now need certainty? Will he move make some progress. on as quickly as possible from the consultation to provide a definitive national planning policy framework, Alok Sharma (Reading West) (Con): I thank the to give us that certainty? Minister for everything that he is saying about delivering localism in planning, for which those of us on the Greg Clark: I will, and I will have more to say about Government Benches have campaigned over many years. that shortly. We are therefore pleased to see it happening. However, does my right hon. Friend agree that the reason we have Derek Twigg rose— to make such fundamental changes is that the system we inherited was not fit for purpose? The top-down Greg Clark: I want to make some progress, because approach did not work, which is why we did not have this is principally an opportunity for colleagues to make the sustainable development that we should have had speeches and contributions to the consultation. during the 13 years of the Labour Government. We need to make planning policy accessible if we are to achieve our aim of putting local communities in Greg Clark: My hon. Friend is right, and that is now charge. That is the purpose of our reforms. It is also a shared view. As I have said, the right hon. Member for important to consider the effects of the policy regime Wentworth and Dearne has said that. Indeed, in our that we have established. I do not pretend that the conversations about the Localism Bill, the hon. Member planning system is the only factor behind the low levels for Birmingham, Erdington (Jack Dromey), whom I of house building and the difficulties in commercial congratulate on his promotion, also recognised that the development that we have at the moment. That would regional approach would go and not come back. It has clearly be wrong. There are also difficulties in accessing not worked for the reasons that I have mentioned: finance, for example; there is a shared recognition that because it sets people against the planning system. that is an important factor at this time. It is important to recognise, however, that the planning system makes Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (The Cotswolds) (Con) rose— an important contribution. 1081 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1082

I have been looking at the joint submission from the next word might be unparliamentary— Shelter, Crisis, Homeless Link, the National Housing “for much of a social life, every…penny going on the mortgage Federation—representing social housing providers—and with nothing left over for holidays that I took for granted as a the Chartered Institute of Housing. It says that child. We are currently having to decide whether to abandon our “reducing the quantity of policy will help simplify the planning families and friends and go and live…where neither of us has system, make it more accessible to all users and will remove a lived before…or to stay in our flat, with our son unable to run significant barrier to much needed development” around without the people underneath us banging on the ceiling!” —in this case, in social housing. Recent statistics show There is a problem for families that we need to address that in the five years to 2010, real spending on planning, by changing the system and dealing with some of the through planning applications, increased by 13%, while long-term flaws. That is the purpose of this policy. the number of applications fell by 32%. By my reckoning, Graham Stringer (Blackley and Broughton) (Lab): I that means that the average cost has risen by something am with the Minister when it comes to abolishing the like 66%. That is a factor. regional spatial strategies. They were authoritarian and anti-democratic in just apportioning numbers of houses Mr Raynsford rose— to particular regions. I have concerns about the proposals, Greg Clark: May I just finish this point? however. One of the factors in helping urban regeneration and the renaissance of our cities has been the prioritisation The British Chambers of Commerce has said that the of brownfield land over greenfield land. The Minister is system is talking about poverty and the creation of new households, “too complicated, too costly and too uncertain. It creates but dealing with a lot of those problems has to take mistrust…and holds back our recovery.” place in our cities. I am worried that his proposals will With that breadth of analysis, it is important to recognise lead not to green-belt development but to green-land that the planning system is one of the factors that is development at the expense of our cities. Will he comment leading to the silting up of the system. on that? Mr Raynsford: Does the Minister not recognise that, Greg Clark: Of course I will. Let me turn to some of if he takes the period of five years from 2005 to 2010, the concerns that have been raised, of which that is one. which embraced the last two years of the boom before I shall preface that by saying that it is not our intention the crash and the three years of recession, he will to change the purpose of the planning system. There inevitably get some pretty distorted outcomes? That is has been some suggestion that the proposals represent not a fair parallel. Does he also accept that, in 2007, the a fundamental change in what the system is about, last year before the recession, the figure of 207,000 net but they do not. They will, quite rightly, balance the additions to new housing was the highest for 20 years? environmental, the social and the economic, and there It is therefore completely nonsensical of him to say that is no change in that regard, as my right hon. Friend the the previous system was not capable of delivering new Prime Minister has declared. housing. Let me turn to some of the concerns that have been expressed, including the definition of brownfield sites Greg Clark: It will be obvious to the right hon. that the hon. Gentleman has just mentioned. It is true Gentleman that I am taking a long-term view. I have that the draft national planning policy framework does said explicitly that the faults that I have diagnosed relate not use the words “brownfield sites”. However, that is to the long term, but he chooses to cite particular years. not for the reasons that have been imputed to us. The Looking at the whole life of the previous Government, reasons are rather more prosaic. Many Members will from 1998 to 2010, the number of homes built and have participated in debates during the previous Parliament completed in England was lower than under any previous in which we discussed the fact that it was being presumed Government since the war. He is therefore alone in that gardens that had ended up being included in the thinking that there is not a problem, and that we do not brownfield definition were available to be developed. have a lower level of house building than is appropriate. One of the first things that we did was to take them out Let me outline the consequences of the problem for of the definition. families. If we persist, over the long term, in building a far lower number of homes than the number of households Natascha Engel rose— that are being formed, the inevitable consequence will be poverty. People will have to spend more in rent and Greg Clark: I am responding to the hon. Member for have less to spend on their children. It will also be more Blackley and Broughton (Graham Stringer). difficult for people to get on to the housing ladder for In the draft framework, we decided not to use what the first time. We know that the average age for first-time had been quite a crude definition. Another example— buyers who do not have assistance from their parents is something that I did not know before—is that a china now getting close to middle age, at nearly 40. We want clay quarry in Cornwall apparently falls outside the people to be able to get on; we do not want them to have definition of a brownfield site. Paragraph 165 of the to make choices. national planning policy framework therefore contains I received an e-mail from a member of the public, a requirement on councils to allocate land of the lowest which stated: environmental value. That was suggested by the “Being part of a couple with a 2-year-old son, living in a environmental charities. There have been representations flat…we are desperate to buy a family home with a garden, but to say that some strictly brownfield land that has been have little chance. developed has, over the years, been put back into use to The social consequences of house prices being so high seem support nature, especially in our cities. That was the catastrophic to me—both parents being fixated on earning enough reason behind having a more environmentally based to pay for a mortgage, both too”— definition. 1083 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1084

[Greg Clark] first within the 120% requirement? If not, it will be open to developers to cherry pick which sites they build Without pre-empting the consultation, which would on and it will be the land associated with the least clearly be wrong, let me say that there have been suggestions environmental damage that will be left behind, as they that, because some people have got used to the word will be the hardest sites to build on, while the greenfield “brownfield”, they might appreciate some reference—some sites will be built on first. explanation—that links the policy to that. That is a representation that has been made, and given that it is Greg Clark: The hon. Gentleman makes an excellent our intention, for all the reasons that the hon. Member point; it is exactly the intention that councils should for Blackley and Broughton suggests, to ensure that we be able to prioritise and to bring forward the lowest bring back into use first land that has been derelict or environmentally valuable sites first. I am grateful to the previously developed and that makes a lesser contribution hon. Gentleman for making that point. than green fields, that will be made absolutely clear when we respond. Natascha Engel rose—

Duncan Hames (Chippenham) (LD): The planning Greg Clark: I want to make some progress, and the framework also requires local authorities to bring forward hon. Lady intervened earlier. an additional 20% spare land beyond the sites required Let me say something about the definition of to meet their five-year housing supply, so it is entirely sustainability, which I know has attracted some interest. possible that one sixth of all the land made available in The definition that we have used is the one used by the plan is not developed, while the rest of it is developed. previous Governments. It is the Brundtland commission’s We could therefore see development on land that is definition, which has stood the test of time. It has been certainly not of the least environmental value. suggested that it is a high-level definition, so there should be a further elaboration of it. Hon. Members Greg Clark: It is the Government’s clear intention will know that planning policy statement 1, for example, that it should be the case, as it is a requirement to bring contains the Brundtland definition in one paragraph forward land of the least environmental value, but let and includes an extra 10 lines referring to the sustainable me comment on my hon. Friend’s point about the sixth development strategy. That has been part of the previous year, as it were. If we are putting local plans first and document and some organisations and perhaps some genuinely want a local plan that is sovereign and determines Members have suggested that we should make reference what will happen for the future life a community, it to the current version of the sustainable development must be deliverable, sound and accurate. What is known strategy, the 2005 document. empirically across the country is that not every piece of land that is allocated turns out to be capable of development in the way anticipated. Sometimes there can be fewer Graham Jones (Hyndburn) (Lab): On a point of homes developed on a site than originally thought, with order, Mr Deputy Speaker. It appears that rumours are an allocation for six or seven homes ending up with circulating that Colonel Gaddafi has been captured. If only four or five, for various reasons—perhaps a tree is that is true, will you ask a Secretary of State or a subject to tree preservation order, for example. There is Minister to make a statement to the House today? always some fallout. The proposal in the consultation suggests that if we are to plan for the number of homes Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Lindsay Hoyle): What I can that are really needed—there is no longer any number say is that it is up to the Secretary of State to decide being handed down from above—we have to anticipate whether to make a statement. The point has been noted some drop-off, so a buffer is necessary. It is not a and everybody is aware of it. Has the Minister finished? requirement to build any more homes than needed; the purpose is simply to make the plan as accurate as it Greg Clark: That was more hope than expectation, can be. Mr Deputy Speaker. I will finish shortly. I did not think anything more interesting would happen today than Caroline Lucas (Brighton, Pavilion) (Green) rose— our discussion of the national planning policy framework, but I was clearly mistaken. Tony Baldry (Banbury) (Con) rose— The Government have not revoked the sustainable development strategy of 2005. Members of the Greg Clark: I want to make some progress, as I want Environmental Audit Committee who interviewed me Members to able to contribute to the debate. Let me last week asked some questions about it and it is the deal with a couple of important issues that have been subject of one of the suggestions that have been made raised about the definition of sustainability. in the consultation. Let me explain why it was not included in the draft as it stands. As I say, it has not Mr Clive Betts (Sheffield South East) (Lab) rose— been revoked or repealed in any way. It is simply a matter of whether a document produced in 2005 has the Greg Clark: I will give way to the Chairman of the timelessness of the Brundtland definition. Select Committee. It was necessary to update the 1999 strategy in 2005. Six years on, there are some respects in which thinking Mr Betts: Let me ask the Minister about the issue of on sustainability has progressed. For example, there is 20%, as it is important to the context of building on the idea that the separate pillars of the economy, the land where that building will have the least environmental environment and the social aspects of sustainability can damage. If there is an extra 20%, will local authorities be traded off, one against the other. Some people argue— be able to prioritise which sites should be developed and I think there is some merit in doing so—that that is 1085 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1086 a rather defensive position and that one should be I look forward to hearing the contributions of hon. looking for positive improvements to the environment, Members this afternoon and to reading all the responses not simply to trade-off. That is very much the thinking to the consultation that have been made. At the end of in the Government’s natural environment White Paper, this process, I say to every hon. Member, we will have a which talked of a net gain for nature. In response to the planning system that reflects the best endeavours and consultation we could listen to such representations, the best intentions of everyone who wants to contribute but let me say simply that our intention was to make positively to this process. It will be something of which sure that we are not stranded in our thinking when we we can be proud for future generations. might have a more progressive approach to sustainability. 12.59 pm Heidi Alexander (Lewisham East) (Lab) rose— Hilary Benn (Leeds Central) (Lab): Like the Minister, I would like to express my appreciation to my right hon. Caroline Lucas rose— Friend the Member for Don Valley (Caroline Flint). I thank her and my hon. Friends the Members for Plymouth, Greg Clark: I am not taking any more interventions, Moor View (Alison Seabeck) and for Worsley and Eccles as Mr Deputy Speaker has indicated that he thinks South (Barbara Keeley) for their work on the Opposition I have spoken for long enough. Front Bench in holding the Government to account. I Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Lindsay Hoyle): It was the also welcome my hon. Friends the Members for Warrington Minister himself, not me, who said that he would be North (Helen Jones) and for City of Durham (Roberta brief in order to allow Back Benchers to contribute. Blackman-Woods) to the shadow Department for The Minister may carry on. Communities and Local Government team. Alongside them, and on either side of me today, we have continuity Greg Clark: You are correct and punctilious, Mr Deputy in the form of my hon. Friends the Members for Speaker, in holding me to my commitment. Birmingham, Erdington (Jack Dromey) and for Derby North (Chris Williamson). Let me deal with another issue of concern—transitional arrangements. I welcome today’s debate. I am sorry that the Secretary of State did not open it—although he has done us the Derek Twigg rose— courtesy of attending—because given that he is seeking, with the Minister, to make the most fundamental change Greg Clark: I am taking no more interventions. to our planning system for more than two generations and given that this is the first opportunity for the House It follows from everything I have said about the to debate the matter since the publication of the national purpose of these reforms, which is to advantage local planning policy framework, it would have been good plan making by putting local communities in charge to hear from him. I look forward to the next occasion. rather than have planning dealt with by appeal through Nevertheless, this debate, which we welcome, is extremely the planning inspectorate, that in the transitional timely. The Minister expressed it well: planning at times arrangements we will put in place—again, in response and to some people can seem rather technical, but in to the consultation; we have had many representations fact it is about how we shape the places in which we live on what they should be—we will be clear that no local and how we build our communities. That is what Civic council or authority that has developed a plan that Voice has described as “everyday England”. expresses the future of its community will be at all disadvantaged. We are not going to take decision making We know that there is a finite quantity of land. As from them. Part of the transitional arrangements will Mark Twain famously said, ensure that the community is advantaged rather than “buy land because they’ve stopped making it”. disadvantaged from the outset. It would pre-empt the There are many competing demands on land. England consultation if I were to say which suggested approaches is a very densely populated country, and the population we favour, but I make the commitment to the House is growing. The planning system’s job is to help us to that we will safeguard and strengthen the ability of meet our future needs for housing, jobs, economic local councils to be in charge of their own destiny rather development, transport, growing food, tackling climate than the reverse. change and generating energy in a way that balances all As was recognised by the hon. Member for Huddersfield, these things—the right sort of development in the right this debate has provided an opportunity for every Member place, which, in the end, is what we all want—while to participate in the reform of a planning system that, protecting the natural environment, by which I mean over time, had lost its capability of delivering its purpose the moors and the mountains, the rivers and the lakes, of planning for communities in a way that we all want. the green fields and the countryside that make up our The reforms are necessary to make sure that we have an islands’ unique and beautiful landscapes. They matter environment that our future generations can cherish because we cherish their beauty and their capacity to as we do. It is important to give voices to people in lift our spirits and because, as human beings have communities and, for all the reasons I mentioned about belatedly learned, they sustain our very existence. We sustainability, it is important to improve and enhance need planning to protect this environment because, in our environment and to restore habitats where we can the absence of that balance and if we fail to reconcile do so. We also want to improve the standards of design, “competing economic, social and environmental priorities”— which have turned many people against development. in the words of the Conservative planning Green Paper— We also want, of course, to deliver the jobs and homes there would be a free-for-all. that the next generation needs, but not at the expense of I welcome the idea of simplification and the principle these important aspects of the environment that we of greater clarity, and I support enabling planning cherish. decisions to be taken as near as possible to those whom 1087 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1088

[Hilary Benn] that in a moment. The RSS had its strengths but also its weaknesses, and we have to be perfectly honest about they will affect. It was, after all, a Labour Government that. who introduced the Town and Country Planning Act 1947, which helped local councils to designate green belt. Natascha Engel: I want to return to the point about However, the central problem raised by the draft NPPF confusion in the Government’s message. Does my right and the reason the Government are in difficulty is that hon. Friend think that it would help if, when people Ministers have failed so far to convince people that asked the Government about greenfields, they did not they have got this balance right. It seems that even respond by talking about green belt? They are completely Conservative-controlled Tunbridge Wells borough council, different. which is the Minister’s own local authority, is unhappy about his reforms. It is reported that the council “strongly Hilary Benn: My hon. Friend makes an extremely disagreed” with the Government’s suggestion that the powerful point. Such responses created considerable NPPF had the right approach towards sustainable concern while the NPPF was being considered. development—I shall return to that point—and argued that it was Anna Soubry (Broxtowe) (Con): Does the right hon. “vague and open to interpretation”. Gentleman agree that it is most unfortunate that my The council also strongly disagreed that green belt would Labour-led borough council in Broxtowe has not only be protected under the NPPF. People are entitled to accepted the RSS target figure of 6,000 new houses, ask, if the Minister is having difficulty persuading his which means that 4,000 houses will be built on my green own Conservative-controlled council to support his plans, belt in Broxtowe, but is not waiting for the Localism Bill how anybody else can be expected to have confidence or the framework, which will protect the green belt? in them. Will he speak to the Labour party in Broxtowe, urge it to pause and accept the Localism Bill and abandon the Paul Farrelly (Newcastle-under-Lyme) (Lab): We are RSS targets that his Government laid down? fortunate in Newcastle-under-Lyme and Stoke-on-Trent to have a robust local core spatial plan. I do not know Hilary Benn: It sounds like the hon. Lady is describing whether that applies to Tunbridge Wells, but much of localism in action. If the Government say that local the country does not have such a plan. Is there a case for councils should be able to take their own decisions—that arguing that the Government should take a considered point was made forcefully by the Minister—Government pause in the implementation of the framework and Members should accept that as a way of proceeding. resource councils sufficiently so that they can put local plans in place? Several hon. Members rose—

Hilary Benn: My hon. Friend raises an important Hilary Benn: I am going to make a little more progress. point. I shall come to it later because it is fundamental The ham-fisted way in which aspects of planning to the likelihood of what the Government say that they policy have been handled by the Government has been want to achieve—few would disagree with the ambition— entirely of their own making: parts of the policy were actually happening, given the nature of the framework drafted in a rush; they did not listen properly to advice; and the issues with its implementation. they have created uncertainty—hence the result of the consultation and the need for clarity—and, most Alok Sharma: I am delighted that the right hon. disappointingly of all, they responded initially to criticism Gentleman agrees with much of what my right hon. with retaliation. That is quite some achievement. In this Friend the Minister has said. The right hon. Gentleman respect, as in others, the Government cannot help going is implying that there was a golden age of sustainable too far, too fast. planning under the Labour party, but clearly that was not the case. Does he agree that reducing the planning The Government have got themselves into this position policy document from 1,000 pages to fewer than 100 pages partly because of the difficulties with their economic will be good news for encouraging what we all want to policy, which is central to planning reform. Everyone see—more sustainable development in this country? can now see confidence plummeting, unemployment rising, growth grinding to a halt and nothing like enough Hilary Benn: The planning policy that we all inherited private sector jobs being created to replace those being had great strengths and evolved over time. My concern lost in the public sector, even though we were promised is that, as was argued by others during the consultations, last year that that was what would happen. Worst of all, in reducing the amount of guidance, we might end up however, in the face of this failure, the Government not with greater clarity, but with greater uncertainty. In have no plan to put it right. There are some in government, the end, all words will be argued over by developers, not so much in DCLG but elsewhere, who have blamed considered by local authorities and ultimately determined the planning system for a lack of growth, even though, by the courts. over the past 60 years—to respond to the point made by the hon. Member for Reading West (Alok Sharma)—it Mr Marcus Jones (Nuneaton) (Con): The right hon. has helped our country to build many new homes, to Gentleman seems to be indicating that he favours the establish many new businesses and shops and to undertake previous Labour Government’s approach of the regional a great deal of development. spatial strategy. Is that Labour party policy? No one is going to say that the planning system is perfect or that it cannot be improved upon—decisions Hilary Benn: I am interested that the hon. Gentleman could certainly be made quicker. However, given that reads that into my remarks. I shall say something about the Government ‘s own impact assessment makes it 1089 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1090 clear that 85% of planning applications were approved who, in my constituency, have been buying up land in in 2009-10, it is hard to see how it can be described as a both green belt and greenfield—to the Conservative system that stands in the way of economic growth. party? What worries people when they read the NPPF is the possibility that it will usher in a “big bang” development Hilary Benn: The developers must speak for themselves, free-for-all, which no one in the House would want. but I cannot understand why the Government have abandoned what was a very successful “brownfield first” Derek Twigg: The Government did not explain exactly policy. The fact that they have done so has raised public what they meant by giving communities a greater say. concerns. Most of my constituents who have written to me on the Public confidence is very important. We all accept subject fear that they will actually give business a greater that the planning system needs public support in order say. One of my constituents asked, “Would what the to work. Let me say, with all respect, that describing Government are doing have stopped the housing those who have expressed genuine concerns about the development down the road to which I objected?” Will draft NPPF, including such well-known revolutionaries the Government be giving communities more power to and radicals as the National Trust—I suppose that I stop development? Most people who contact me want should declare my membership of that radical and to stop it rather than support it. Are the Government revolutionary organisation, as should other right hon. creating a smokescreen by saying that they will give and hon. Members—as “semi-hysterical”, “left wing” communities a greater say, rather than actually giving and guilty of “nihilistic selfishness” was a profound them greater power to determine the outcome of mistake on the part of Ministers. Even worse was the applications? accusation that the criticism was “a carefully choreographed smear campaign”. Hilary Benn: My hon. Friend has raised an important What were Ministers thinking of? Is it because they point. There are those who think that neighbourhood are so out of touch that, instead of listening and planning will give them the opportunity to reduce the responding to what people were saying—as, in fairness, number of houses planned for the areas in which they the Minister has today—they chose initially to attack live—this takes us back to the point made by the hon. while bulldozing onwards? That is the very opposite of Member for Broxtowe (Anna Soubry)—but I understand what the public expect in the way of balanced discussion from the NPPF that it is a one-way lock. A neighbourhood and proper consultation. plan cannot say, “We would like to have fewer houses than proposed by the local plan”; it can only say, “We Nor, as the Minister knows, are the accusations true. would like to have more houses”. People who have seen For example, both the National Trust and the Campaign neighbourhood planning as a potential way of doing to Protect Rural England have supported housing what the hon. Lady wants to be done will find themselves development, in some cases on greenfield land, because rather disappointed. they thought that it was the right thing to do. This is not about people who want no development at all; it is Under the current system—I want to recognise its about the Government’s recognition that the way in strengths—councils have granted developers planning which they approached the matter at the outset was a permission for 300,000 new homes that have not yet mistake. We need only look at the size of the petitions been built. Why have they not been built? It is clearly that have been received to see the extent of the concern not the fault of the planning system, which has done its that is felt. It is fair to say that recently, including today, bit. What are the Government doing about the fact that we have observed a more emollient tone, and I for one the number of new homes built in England in the first welcome that; but it is not before time. year under the coalition was the lowest for at least 20 years, and about the fact that plans for 200,000 new It is clear that, having gone about this in the wrong homes have been abandoned since their election because way to start with, the Government will have to make of the chaos and uncertainty created by their planning some big changes in the right direction. Paragraph 14 of proposals? That is but one example of the way in which the NPPF contains the the Government’s draft framework is leading to confusion. “presumption in favour of sustainable development” The Government hope that planning reform will help that was originally announced in the Chancellor’s “The growth to get going again, and we all want that. However, Plan for Growth” in March, which also used a phrase— their actions in rushing reform in a way that has lost “the default answer to development is ‘yes’” people’s confidence and hurrying to try to abolish the —that is repeated in paragraph 19 of the NPPF. That regional spatial strategies have led to uncertainty among has created a lot of anxiety, because it suggests decision- planners, councils, developers and the courts. As a making that is automatic rather than considered and result, the system may slow down while everyone works because, in the words of the National Trust, it constructs out what the new words mean. “a fundamentally unbalanced system”.

Bill Esterson: I am sure my right hon. Friend agrees Caroline Lucas (Brighton, Pavilion) (Green): Does that retaining the “brownfield first” policy, under which the right hon. Gentleman agree that the the proportion of property built on brownfield increased between 1989 and 2010, is the answer to many of the “presumption in favour of sustainable development” current problems. It would, for instance, solve the problem will make it considerably harder to refuse environmentally raised by my hon. Friend the Member for North East damaging development, even when it harms sites of Derbyshire (Natascha Engel), whether it applied to special scientific interest? Would it not be helpful for the green belt or greenfield. Does he think that one of the Government to say today that they would rule out reasons for its absence in is the attachment of developers— planning for any kind of development on SSSIs? 1091 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1092

Hilary Benn: That point has been raised by a number Government and Opposition should come together to of organisations in response to the consultation, and I encourage local authorities to get their local plan in shall put a specific point to the Minister about it shortly. place early?

Mark Pawsey (Rugby) (Con): Will the right hon. Hilary Benn: The NPPF says that in the absence of Gentleman give way? such a plan there should be a presumption in favour of sustainable development, but regardless of whether there is a local plan, someone must still decide about what Hilary Benn: I have given way a number of times constitutes sustainable development. already, and I am anxious to make progress. The second issue I want to address is the choice of Given the primacy of the sustainable development land for development. There are many competing pressures, presumption in policy, given that so much flows from it, and we want to protect as much green space as possible. and given that no one in the House wants development That point was made eloquently in this week’s Westminster at any price, the Government need to get the definition Hall debate initiated by the hon. Member for Broxtowe of sustainable development right. The Environmental (Anna Soubry). Audit Committee has already made clear its view on which definition should be used. As the Minister will Because of our heritage, we have a lot of previously know, in a report published in March, it called for the developed brownfield land and, building on the foundations inclusion of the five internationally recognised principles laid by a previous Conservative Government, Lord of sustainable development that were set out in the 2005 Prescott created the “brownfield first” policy. It was sustainable development strategy, which, as I recall, the very successful. Last year, 76% of new dwellings were then Opposition supported at the time, as I do now. built on brownfield sites, up from 55% in 1989. We need only look at the centre of cities like Leeds and Manchester I listened carefully to the argument presented by the to see that it is working, or consider that in the last Minister today, and I hope that the Government will decade the proportion of new homes built on the green bear it in mind when they produce their revised draft, belt fell from 4% to 2%. It is estimated that there are because there is a risk that in the absence of a complete almost 62,000 hectares of brownfield land in England definition, there will be more argument about what the that are ready for building on, which would be enough term means. The last Government, with support from to build about 1.2 million homes. the then Opposition, replaced the original Brundtland definition with the 2005 definition, and I was not persuaded The Minister appears to argue that a by what the Minister said about why that should not “land with the least environmental or amenity value” endure in time. If we stick with it, it will be well approach is the same as this “brownfield first” policy. If understood and enduring. that is the case, why change it? If it is not the case, then we can understand why people are worried. Indeed, the Mr Raynsford: I strongly agree with what my right Government’s own impact assessment refers to hon. Friend is saying. Does he agree with me that it is “removing the target and the priority for brownfield development”. necessary not only to have a proper and full definition of sustainable development, but to establish a link Mr Marcus Jones: Will the right hon. Gentleman give between it and the operational principles that govern way? the handling of planning applications? That point was made very well by the Town and Country Planning Hilary Benn: I have given way to the hon. Gentleman Association in its submission. The absence of operational before, and I want to make some progress. principles allowing implementation of the overall definition is one of the greatest weaknesses of the current NPPF I cannot understand why the Government wish to get draft. rid of the “brownfield first” policy. It is simply wrong to let undeveloped land, including greenfield sites, be used while old buildings and previously developed land in Hilary Benn: I agree with my right hon. Friend. I am our towns and cities are available. I hope the Government sure that the revised draft will be a slightly longer will reinstate that policy. document, but the existence of a bit more material Another reason why the removal of this policy has sometimes assists decisions in the planning process caused so much concern is the worry that green belt and rather than making them more difficult. other green land will be put under greater pressure as a I do not know whether the Minister has seen the result. The Minister has denied that, but that confidence CPRE legal opinion, issued by a respected planning is not shared by others. Existing planning policy—planning QC, but it addresses this very point about the definition policy statement 4—states that: of sustainable development. The QC argues that “Local planning authorities should ensure that the countryside “there is an ambiguity which permeates the NPPF, and which is is protected for the sake of its intrinsic character and beauty”. likely to lead to uncertainty in its application, with a consequent There is also a presumption against inappropriate increase in the number of appeals.” development in the green belt. I hope that both those None of us wants that. This serves as a powerful points will be fully reflected in the revised draft. That argument that the Minister should reflect on possible would, after all, be consistent with what the Minister changes, as he has undertaken to do. said today about the Government’s natural environment White Paper and the value of nature. Mark Pawsey: The issue of sustainable development I ask the Minister to address the following questions. comes into play only in the absence of a local plan. Has he seen the CPRE’s legal opinion, which argues Does the right hon. Gentleman therefore agree that that the new formulation of words may weaken green 1093 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1094 belt protection? I accept that the legal argument is quite of good design, and I agree with him. Where does that technical, but it makes the point about uncertainty and leave policies for conservation areas, too, especially as it deserves an answer. they could not be said “to bring forward sustainable development at an accelerated Mr James Clappison (Hertsmere) (Con): Will the rate,” right hon. Gentleman give way? which is the circumstance under which such costs are allowed? We need some clarity on this issue. Hilary Benn: No, I am going to draw my remarks to We do not want to end up with the planning system a close, as many Members wish to contribute to the becoming increasingly combative, rather than consensual, debate. and with applications being decided by the courts— Has the Minister seen the legal advice of the Royal although the courts can already take account of the draft Society for the Protection of Birds that the draft NPPF NPPF because it can be seen as a material consideration. would weaken protection for sites of special scientific We are currently awaiting the Select Committee reports, interest? Will he therefore consider including SSSIs in but will the Minister say whether he intends there to be the protection provided by paragraph 16 of the framework? a further period of consultation after publishing a In respect of development, where would the revised draft? That would be very welcome and would Government’s alternative to the “brownfield first” policy offer reassurance. Does he also intend to enable Parliament leave agricultural land where someone seeks to argue to vote on these proposals, as it should? We are changing that it has low environmental value? We need an answer 60 years of planning policy—we are changing the post-war to that. I also hope the Government will reinstate the planning settlement—in a way that many have concerns “town centre first”policy, as removing office development about, and the Government should not fear a vote in from the sequential test is the wrong approach. the House. The framework must support affordable housing. As Ultimately, planning should be about helping us to currently drafted, it implies that affordable housing can find the right balance for the places in which we live and be traded off to make a scheme more viable. What is an the landscapes upon which we walk. We support a “acceptable return” for landowners and developers? streamlined and effective planning system, but it needs That is not defined, so who will make that judgment? to make all of us feel that we can shape those places and Turning to the important question of how this will all care for that landscape. We need to feel it takes account be implemented, because of the speed with which the of our need for homes, jobs and businesses to be backed, Government want to introduce their new policy, there is and for a countryside that we can all cherish. a risk that local councils’ own development frameworks Ultimately, when we leave to one side all of the will not be ready in time. They might therefore be words, paragraphs, material considerations and statutory considered out of date or unclear, and people worry obligations, the aim is to find that balance. I hope that communities might be left with little protection Ministers will listen to the debate that is raging on these from developers because of the proposed presumption proposals—we need only look at the number of Members in favour of sustainable development. That is because wishing to speak today—because a profound change is paragraph 14 instructs councils to: only worth making if it makes for a better system and a “Grant permission where the plan is absent, silent, indeterminate better land. or where relevant policies are out of date.” Only about half of councils have already drawn up local Several hon. Members rose— plans. What assessment has the Minister made of how long it will take all councils to get their plans in place, especially given the cuts in the number of council planning Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Lindsay Hoyle): Order. May staff? In essence, the worry is that in the absence of I remind Members that there is an eight-minute time proper transitional arrangements, a Bill that everyone limit on speeches? has been told will put them in charge of decisions about development may leave them powerless in the face of developers because of the sustainable development 1.29 pm presumption. I welcome what the Minister has said Rebecca Harris (Castle Point) (Con): It is an honour today, but he will have to do something about the to be called so early in this important debate, Mr Deputy implementation timetable. Speaker. Other issues will also have to be addressed. How will I wish to start by saying how much I salute the “silent”, “indeterminate”and “out of date”be determined? Government’s aims in making planning more accessible Will that ultimately be up to the courts? How will the for all. Most residents, and even some councillors and duty to co-operate work in practice? One of the weaknesses MPs, me included, find the current complexity of the in the NPPF is that no one knows what that means, canon of planning law impenetrable. The existing planning apart from there being a duty to talk. This is important, system has not worked. It has not managed to deliver of course, because planning issues to do with transport the number of new homes we need, nor has it been and other infrastructure extend beyond the boundaries flexible enough to meet the needs of business. Of course of a single local authority. We also note that one part of it has also generated an enormous amount of suspicion England will retain a regional plan: London. and hostility. Last month, my local council voted to Why does the NPPF say that supplementary planning withdraw its local development framework after the guidance cannot add to the cost of development? Where planning inspector, on the basis of the existing legislation, does that leave design standards, for instance? The explicitly instructed it to include more greenfield sites Minister has spoken eloquently about the importance in its plan. 1095 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1096

Duncan Hames: Does the hon. Lady agree that the Despite two Treasury-led Barker reviews, it was Government will have failed to achieve greater localism comprehensively shown that that approach to planning through their reforms if we end up with more decisions failed to deliver the number of new homes that we being made by planning inspectors in that way? desperately need, even during a housing boom. The added irony is that in practice land was often just Rebecca Harris: I absolutely agree. I very much want land-banked for developers, as happened in my constituency, decisions to be much more locally based. That inspector’s making a mockery of the stated objective of bringing demand would have resulted in a crazy oversupply of these sites forward in the early part of the process. land and it caused uproar in the local community, and I The current draft national planning policy framework am indebted to my local councillors for the withdrawal. maintains a requirement on councils to show “deliverability” It seems that the inspector had been very much persuaded and “developability”, which means evidence that sites by the counsel of the large-unit developers that the will come forward. I appreciate that the Government council had failed to provide enough deliverable land in are clear about their intention to protect the green belt, the first years of its plan, despite the fact that it had and I wholeheartedly welcome that, as do my constituents. allocated a good quantity of land on previously developed However, I strongly believe that their final document sites to meet its current targets. needs to make it much clearer to councils that they will The existing system in this country requires councils now have a duty to work a lot harder to bring forward to allocate sites for which they have evidence that the previously developed land first and will not be able to building can take place within the first five years and fall back on green belt land, as happened in the past. As then within the second five years. After that, there is I said, the new homes bonus now gives councils the then up to a decade or so of supply of more safeguarded confidence to invest in working harder to do that by land. However, I have watched the processes at first aggressively packaging their brownfield sites and dealing hand and it strikes me that what counts as evidence in with empty properties. I hope that it will be very clear to planning circles is often simply argument—often that of councils that they should take this much more proactive, the large-unit builders. positive approach to planning in the future. They should not just allocate sites and sit back and see what happens. Mr Robert Buckland (South Swindon) (Con): My I want the Government to go even further: I would hon. Friend hits the nail on the head in relation to like them to drop the requirement to plan for so many planning inquiries: Swindon has had similar experiences years ahead. I appreciate that the industry will say that of this, as have I. Does she agree that it is essential that it needs certainty and possibly therefore needs to have in the new policy framework the concept of deliverability certainty of supply for 16 or more years, but I can see is construed in a way that allows local authorities to that as being of benefit only for those who wish to land argue before planning inspectors that economic realities bank. Economic and social conditions in an area can often mean that although on paper it may not look as change enormously over that time frame and the though they have a five-year land supply, they in fact requirement to make decisions for so many years ahead do. That is particularly relevant to Swindon. may cause more consternation, opposition and planning blight needlessly. It paints a picture for communities of Rebecca Harris: I very much take that point. It is huge housing expansion, which may never happen. It is often much easier to argue that a very attractive, leafy, therefore perfectly practical, and in no way detracts virgin greenfield or green-belt site can be brought forward from the emphasis on a plan-led process, to have councils in the early stages of the plan and it is always easier to working on a rolling five-year basis. They would then be argue that the previously developed or the brownfield working much more on the basis of evidence, and much sites, possibly in multiple ownership— less on the basis of supposition and what I consider to be argument. Plans would be based on fewer assumptions, could be much more responsive to local community Alison Seabeck (Plymouth, Moor View) (Lab): I apologise needs and economic changes, and would certainly generate for stopping the hon. Lady in mid flow. Does she accept less suspicion and opposition. that the Government’s new homes bonus policy mitigates in favour of councils providing and supporting greenfield I also appreciate that the Government have said that development, because they will get more money back as they will introduce some form of transitional measures a result of doing so? to protect councils from speculative applications by the builders while we are between the two planning regimes. The transitional arrangements will have to take into Rebecca Harris: I am not sure that it does. The new account the fact that a lot of local authorities have been homes bonus gives something new to councils to help working on their previous local plans and have a bank them to bring forward brownfield sites, because they of published evidence that they have put together to will have an incentive to do so through a reward—I will meet the demands of those previous plans and the come on to discuss that. previous housing targets. I fear that that so-called evidence, The system has expressly driven greenfield and, in my which, as I have argued, is sometimes just argument, area, green-belt development, almost irrespective of could be used by developers to try to prove a presumption how much less environmentally sensitive land there is in in favour of sustainable development for their sites in a council area. That contradicts the previous Government’s future. So the transitional arrangements will need to boast that they had a genuine town centre or brownfield-first protect councils from that risk during the period between policy in the past decade. The system we have had could the two documents. The draft NPPF rightly allows best be described not as a planning system but as an councils to re-evidence their proposed local plans and allocation system, with allocations made on the basis of base housing need on relevant local factors. I hope that the sites that best suit the business model of the developers, it will be made very clear to them that they also should not the needs and aspirations of local communities. do so. 1097 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1098

In conclusion, I congratulate Ministers on wiping choices about where they shop. All town centres will have away this very damaging legacy from the previous to think innovatively and consider developing their own Government’s planning regime and ensuring that, in the unique “special offer”. I look forward to Mary Portas’s spirit of localism, local people have a chance to shape thoughts on that. their neighbourhoods on the basis of accurate and true I know that Stockport is very much focused on just local need. There is a wider legacy left from the former that and I believe that it could, in future, develop a planning regimes and the final document needs to be unique special offer based on cultural and historical careful to address that. sites and on continuing to develop its market. It is important that Stockport does that because it faces 1.37 pm competition from nine other shopping centres in Greater Ann Coffey (Stockport) (Lab): I welcome the new Manchester. I welcome the support for markets from draft national planning policy framework’s stated aim the previous Government and from this Government of reducing the bureaucratic burden of development by and the Minister responsible for markets, the Under- simplifying and reducing national planning policy and Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, guidance, and promoting sustainable growth. However, the hon. Member for Hazel Grove (Andrew Stunell)—and although I support the aims, I have concerns that some Hazel Grove is in Stockport. important aspects have been lost or watered down, The current planning policy statement 4 contains an which could have a negative long-term effect on future express statement supporting the role of and investment planning decisions. in markets. It states that local planning authorities I wish to focus my remarks on the importance of should proactively plan to promote competitive town retaining and enhancing traditional street and covered centre environments and provide consumer choice by markets, and to express my concern that there is no retaining and enhancing existing markets and, where mention in the new framework of the important role appropriate, re-introducing or creating new ones and that such markets can play in promoting healthy ensuring that markets remain attractive and competitive communities and sustainable town centres. Markets are by investing in their improvement. That is not in the the original high streets; they are places where people new planning policy framework and although I understand come together to buy and sell goods, meet each other, the need to reduce the volume of policy and guidance catch up and enjoy a sense of community in a public documentation, I would still urge the Minister to put in place. Stockport has sustained a traditional market, an express reference to the role of markets in contributing which recently celebrated its 750th anniversary. It is to retail diversity and to healthy and sustainable high situated in Market place, which is itself of historic streets and town centres—including farmers markets, interest with the recently refurbished market hall and which bring an important sense of place by providing Staircase house. foods that come specifically from the local area. As well as being a source of food and goods, markets Traditional street and covered markets have been at provide jobs, opportunities for social interaction and an the hub of our town centres for centuries and they are important public space that can be used for concerts well able to adapt to the challenges of the future. I and other community events. Many big names, such as believe their value should be emphasised in any planning Marks & Spencer, started off on market stalls, and guidance for promoting consumer choice and competitive markets have always provided an opportunity for business and vibrant town centres. I look forward to the Minister start-ups. The latest innovation from the National Market taking those remarks on board. Traders Federation, endorsed by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, is a new initiative called First Pitch, which encourages budding entrepreneurs to 1.42 pm try their hand at market trading. In Stockport, like Annette Brooke (Mid Dorset and North Poole) (LD): elsewhere, there are many empty shops, so once traders May I, too, welcome the right hon. Member for Leeds involved in First Pitch have established themselves they Central (Hilary Benn) to his new role? I also congratulate can perhaps could move their businesses into those the two previous speakers, the hon. Members for Stockport shops, thus benefiting town centres as a whole. (Ann Coffey) and for Castle Point (Rebecca Harris), Town centres, like markets, are facing challenges from who both made very thoughtful—and different— out-of-town shopping centres and internet shopping, contributions. As I am being nice to everybody, let me which have undoubtedly taken their toll. If town centres also say that I share the ambitions outlined by the cease to be attractive to shoppers, markets in those Minister of State, Department for Communities and town centres will suffer, but if markets cease to be Local Government, the right hon. Member for Tunbridge attractive, the town centres will suffer. They complement Wells (Greg Clark). I really do. I also welcome this each other. debate, because it is an opportunity to show that we can I was pleased to attend this week’s meeting of the engage in constructive debate and ensure that we get all-party group on town centres, chaired by the hon. this important change right. Member for Nuneaton (Mr Jones), who, I know, has a Locally, I was a vociferous opponent of the implications strong interest in the regeneration of town centres and of the south-west regional spatial strategy for housing in markets. It was very interesting to listen to the guest in my constituency. It could have destroyed green belt speaker, Mary Portas, who has been asked by the and it was entirely top-down and very unpopular. I Government to conduct an independent review on the welcome the thrust of the idea contained in the Localism future of the high street. I look forward to her report. Bill and neighbourhood planning measures that our I strongly believe that it is no use blaming out-of-town approach should be bottom-up, rather than top-down. shopping centres or the internet. We must recognise I liked the Minister’s reference to the idea that planning that shopping habits are changing and people will make should not be done to people, but should involve working 1099 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1100

[Annette Brooke] I am also weary about the five-year land supply plus 20%. That is top-down and the situations will be different with them. I want to achieve that, so I hope he sees my for different authorities. There should be co-operation contribution as constructive because, although I like the between authorities because some authorities will have principles, a lot of the detail needs attention. such great constraints that they will be forced into the I support the need to reform our planning system. It precious green sites in their urban structure. It is important has achieved a great deal in the past 50 years, but it can to have a wider vision so that there is co-operation and be improved and needs to encourage further public we ensure that local authority plans are assessed against participation at a local level. That is important. We each other. need to reduce delays and to have more flexibility in the The provision, quality and quantity of affordable housing system and I believe that we could better deliver sustainable is very important. development. It is a great idea to reduce 1,000 pages of guidance into a more concise framework and if we were Caroline Lucas: I very much support what the hon. to aim for fewer than 100 pages, that would probably be Lady is saying, passionately, about housing. However, good, but the clarity and detail of that reduced document does she agree that the main impediment to house must, of course, be right. building in recent years has been not the planning The document as it stands reads as having a presumption system but money and that if the Government were in favour of development as distinct from sustainable really concerned about it they could reverse the 60% cut development. For me, it is crucial that we address that. I to the affordable housing budget? That would do more agree with previous speakers that getting the definition for housing than ripping up England’s planning system. of “sustainable development” right in the document at the outset is crucial and if we keep to that consistent Annette Brooke: I think that the Government have definition throughout the document, everything else been rather successful this year in achieving a commitment should fall into place. We should be considering the to affordable housing with the money that has been 2005 definition because it is generally accepted and we made available—170,000 is a figure not to be sniffed at, do not have the time, now we have started this, to although, obviously, we all want more. embark on setting out a definition that might—perhaps—be I do not want to lose the current section 106 provision, better in some respects. We have set the hare running, which is an important top-up to what the Government we must go with it and, I suggest, the 2005 definition is might be providing. It is very important that the Planning pretty good. We must also be absolutely clear that Inspectorate should not be able to override a local plan sustainable development and sustainable economic growth that has specified a certain proportion of affordable are not identical concepts and we should be very careful housing on particular sites. of the language. On the brownfield-first approach—I think that is in I want to see a planning framework that can create paragraph 165—we need to have the guidance to go economic prosperity, meet the needs for all sectors of with that. A very important point has been made about society, protect our environment and its resources and good-quality agricultural land, but we need a sensible provide a pathway to a low-carbon future. Within that, sequential test. That has to be considered in the context my personal priority for my constituency is to ensure we of the whole five years, or six years, as has already been have the right type of affordable housing. Under the mentioned, and of the outstanding 300,000 planning top-down targets we have had in the past, there have permissions. We really do want to make sure that we use been two-bedroom flats galore and not enough family the least-valuable land first. That is very important. houses. There are all sorts of things we must be careful We should also be looking at giving some encouragement about. My main objection to the housing targets from to developers to implement their planning permissions, the south-west regional spatial strategy was that I could because that gives a further break. There are a lot more imagine executive homes and second homes galore all points that I wanted to make. I support the heritage over our green belt, and I felt that that was totally wrong. lobby, which is all-important, and I note the importance So, first, let us get the definition right and be absolutely of protecting the diversity of our local high streets. clear. The five principles that have already been outlined More needs to be said about neighbourhood plans and should be carried forward. Let me quickly go through how we may amend local use classes. That needs to be some of the detailed points that need to be addressed. clear. Transport and spatial plans are also important, I absolutely support the principle that development as is flood risk management. Most of all, let us be clear must be plan-led and our clear definition of sustainable that we need our three pillars: economic, social and development should set the scene for such local plans. I environmental considerations. am personally quite inspired by the idea of neighbourhood plans, but we must take care that everybody has equal 1.52 pm access to resources to enable them to be carried out. I want to be sure that the local development plan, when it Mr Nick Raynsford (Greenwich and Woolwich) (Lab): is completed, has genuine sovereignty. I do not want the I draw attention to the interests declared on the Register Treasury to have a trump card over what has been of Members’ Financial Interests and highlight two non- determined locally. pecuniary interests as an honorary fellow of the Royal We have mentioned the transition period, which is Town Planning Institute and as a director of the Town crucial, over and over again. I must emphasise how and Country Planning Association. important that is, given that local authorities do not I welcome the remarks of the hon. Member for Mid have up-to-date development plans. It is totally unacceptable Dorset and North Poole (Annette Brooke) about greater to say that the default answer is yes, unless the plan is in clarity in the definition of sustainable development—a place. I have made some proposals for possible time point on which I shall pick up—and I agree with a periods in my response to the consultation. number of the other points she made. 1101 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1102

I congratulate my right hon. Friend the Member for Mr Raynsford: Thank you, Mr Deputy Speaker. When Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) on his new appointment the system had been thrown into chaos, contributing to and on his absolutely first-rate contribution to the a collapse in planning applications, the Government’s debate, in which he forensically analysed the Government’s friends in the Treasury realised the damage that was failures and highlighted the key issues that will need to being done, so we saw the very significant U-turn in be addressed if we are to get some sense out of the mess policy that was announced by the Chancellor at the we are in. Let there be no mistake about it—we are in a time of the Budget in which the policy was to change. mess on planning, and it is a mess of the Government’s “Yes,” he said, “Of course neighbourhoods must have a making. say, but the presumption will be in favour of development; The Government’s actions were based initially on an the default position will be, ‘yes’.” That was entirely at incorrect analysis of the problem. They were very happy odds with Ministers’previous rhetoric, and, not surprisingly, to speak glibly about the previous system having all those who had been led to believe that the new failed to deliver, and they have continued to make those Government were going to have a system that would claims with no regard for the facts. I am going to put on make it easier for communities to refuse development the record, for the Minister’s benefit, the facts about net felt incensed. additions to the housing stock during the period of the That is the explanation for the mess that the Government previous Government leading up to the recession. From have got themselves into. They have simultaneously a low of 130,000 net additions to the stock in 2001, achieved the lowest level of new planning permissions we saw an absolutely steady, year-on-year increase to for housing almost in recorded history while having an 143,000 in 2002-03, to 155,000 in 2003-04, to 169,000 in absolutely incensed body of campaigners who believe 2004-05, to 186,000 in 2005-06, to 199,000 in 2006-07 that they are opening the door to concreting over the and to 207,000 in 2007-08. That was not a system that countryside. It is a pretty extraordinary achievement to was bust. Members on the Government Benches who have done those two things simultaneously, but that is oppose housing development may not have approved of what they have achieved. There has been a disastrous it, but it was delivering more homes at a time when collapse in planning applications for housing. The figures, there was a shift in favour of brownfield development, just in case the Minister is not aware of them, are that so more of those homes were on brownfield sites and just 25,171 residential planning permissions were granted the countryside was being more effectively protected. in England in the second quarter of this year. That That was a success, and it is shameful of the Government figure is 24% lower than that for the first quarter and to fail to acknowledge that and to try to pretend that 23% lower than that for the equivalent quarter in 2010. their radical new proposals are somehow addressing a Indeed, it is one of the lowest figures ever recorded—ever problem of failure when they are not. recorded! That is the reality. It is fewer than half the Having made their proposals on the basis of an incorrect number of homes we need to meet needs: 60,000 a analysis, the Government built up false expectations by quarter would be required to keep pace with requirements. promising the earth to neighbourhoods about their At the same time, they have incensed all the people who having the ability to refuse unwelcome planning applications. care about the countryside, who think they are opening In the run-up to the general election we heard again and the door to inappropriate development. again that the Conservative policy of neighbourhood George Hollingbery: Will the right hon. Gentleman planning would enable neighbourhoods to refuse give way? developments. Having built up those expectations, the Conservatives precipitately, when they came into Mr Raynsford: I will give way to the hon. Gentleman. government, acted to cancel regional spatial strategies George Hollingbery: I am very grateful. I suspect that without bothering to take the trouble to find out whether what we have just heard is long on invective and short what they were doing was lawful. As a result, that policy on fact. These proposals are about more than housing; was struck down in the High Court. What a shambles! they are about planning in general. Does the right hon. What a way to go about doing things. In the course of Gentleman describe a system in which 50% of local doing that, they inevitably created uncertainty, and the authorities had not adopted local plans and in which hon. Member for The Cotswolds (Geoffrey Clifton-Brown) large areas of the country had not adopted regional rightly highlighted what all people interested in development spatial strategies as anything other than confusion and know—that certainty is absolutely crucial if we are to mess? have an effective planning system. I am afraid that the Government’s actions have destroyed any certainty. Mr Raynsford: First, I have given a number of facts. Perhaps the hon. Gentleman should advise his Front-Bench George Hollingbery (Meon Valley) (Con): Will the team to be rather more respectful of the facts. Secondly, right hon. Gentleman give way? when I was the Minister for Housing and Planning in the early years of the Labour Government I inherited a Mr Raynsford: No; I have limited time and I have to position in which the reforms of the previous Conservative make some progress. Government had resulted in large numbers of councils not having up-to-date plans in place. The main thrust of Having thrown the system into chaos— my work as Planning Minister was about getting the existing system to work better, rather than about imposing George Hollingbery rose— radical changes. I have advised the current Minister and his colleagues that they would do far better to try to Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Lindsay Hoyle): Order. If work with the existing system than to seek a radical the right hon. Gentleman wants to give way he will give overhaul, which would be likely to create confusion and way. The hon. Gentleman should sit down when he will uncertainty and lead to paralysis in the planning system— not. which I am afraid is what we have got. 1103 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1104

[Mr Raynsford] will now apply rather more intelligence, thoughtfulness and consultation to preparing their revised NPPF, which That leads me to the national planning policy framework. should be a better document than the current one. The problem with that document is that the Government have confused brevity with clarity. They have assumed 2.2 pm that by reducing the volume of existing guidance they Heather Wheeler (South Derbyshire) (Con): It is a are producing a clearer and simpler statement, but that pleasure to follow the right hon. Member for Greenwich simply is not the case. The reality is that in many areas, and Woolwich (Mr Raynsford), but I am going to say some of which we have discussed today, sufficient care somewhat different things. has not been taken with the definitions in the NPPF to As chairman of the all-party parliamentary group on give certainty and clarity. Sustainable development is local government, I have had a very exciting few weeks, one such are, and I endorse the views that have been with many representations being made to me on this expressed about the need for greater clarity. very important issue, as well as my constituents contacting Secondly, there is the “brownfield first” issue, another me. I heard much from my Front-Bench colleague today area where the Government have blundered and will that I thought was very important. I welcome the clarity need to change. Thirdly, there is not a single reference to given on the green belt, on a definition of “sustainability”, new settlements and urban developments. There is no on the future of planning policy concerning Travellers mention whatever of the principles that should apply to and on why green infrastructure is so important, linking those. It is extraordinary that that should be entirely neighbourhood to neighbourhood. There was clarity overlooked. too on the importance of sports and recreation fields and, most importantly—because it is the most important Heidi Alexander: I congratulate my right hon. Friend part of South Derbyshire—the national forest, which on an excellent speech. Does he share my concern about can be linked to future greenfield, green infrastructure the absence of the word “cities” from the national areas. Having clarity, including clear definitions, on planning policy framework? I find it remarkable that we those matters in the new NPPF after this first draft will can have a planning framework for our country that be most helpful. makes no reference to our cities. I hope that my constituents, who have written to me in droves about this, will understand the need for the Mr Raynsford: My hon. Friend makes, as always, a clarity that we will be able to provide with this new very telling point. This is the problem: the NPPF has document, compared with the mess of the thousand pages been put together in a hurry, and the Government’s of documentation that we had before. We will have objective has been brevity rather than clarity, and as a neighbourhood and community-led planning, which will result it is wanting in many areas and will have to be be a utopia. I challenge anyone to find a better constituency rewritten. than South Derbyshire, where we managed to provide a The fourth area I want to highlight where the NPPF new village of 2,500 houses with only 20 objections is defective is in respect of mixed developments to because we had community-led planning. ensure that we have balanced communities with affordable I know that many Members want to speak and I take and social housing as well as market housing. The the view, “If you can’t say it in a few minutes, you can’t NPPF’s statement is very inadequate, as the Minister say it at all.” Finally, therefore, I say to Ministers, who knows only too well. There is a loose reference to will be listening to many people today and to much “larger scale residential developments” benefiting from advice, that what they have said today and the clarity mix, but no definition of “larger scale”. that they have provided is most helpful. The problem, as the Minister knows perfectly well, is that in the absence of clear definitions and documents 2.5 pm such as those that existed under the previous regime—the Alison Seabeck (Plymouth, Moor View) (Lab): I draw planning policy guidance statements—individual developers, Members’ attention to the interests of my right hon. local authorities and communities will form their own Friend the Member for Greenwich and Woolwich judgments, they will be in dispute with each other and (Mr Raynsford), in which I have an indirect interest. there will be a rise in appeals and litigation. It will be the The Government claim that we need a new national lawyers who determine the outcome rather than the planning policy framework because existing planning Government, the local authority or the local community. rules are holding back house building and growth. That That is the real risk of the position in which the Government is a false claim, and I want to reinforce the points that are putting themselves and our planning system. In the have already been made very forcefully in the House absence of transitional arrangements, the need for which and certainly by Members on these Benches. the Minister now belatedly accepts, people will reach In the five years to 2007, the last year before the for the lawyers to try to determine what should happen global banking crisis, the credit crunch and the subsequent because plans are not fully prepared and in place in recession, there was year-on-year growth in house building, time to be referred to. with more than 207,000 additional homes delivered in In summary, we have a planning system that plays an England in 2007 and the delivery of more than 250,000 absolutely critical role in mediating between competing additional affordable homes over the period of the interests, which requires carefully considered judgments Labour Government. That is over a third more than based on experience built up over decades. Against that this Government hope to deliver over a five-year term. background, it was unwise of the Government to proceed The hon. Member for Mid Dorset and North Poole in a hubristic way with a year zero approach of trying to (Annette Brooke) implied that 170,000 new homes is a rewrite the rules. I am glad they are now beginning to substantial figure, but that is nonsense when we look at recognise their mistake and to row back. I hope they the need for housing. 1105 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1106

Only last week, the Minister for Housing and Local We focused on existing communities, and that is Government had the bare-faced cheek to try to claim missing from the NPPF, and we will see more building credit for the 60,000 additional affordable homes completed on greenfield sites. in England in 2010-11. The fact that those were planned The need to protect gardens was not dealt with for, paid for and started under the last Labour Government, clearly in the Minister’s statement, although it was the under the existing planning regime, seems conveniently driver behind the change in the brownfield-first to have slipped his mind. presumption. It is not clear exactly how an assessment The reason house-building levels fell during the recession will be made of land of the least environmental value, and remain low—indeed, they fell during this Government’s and I think that houses and gardens in some very nice first 12 months in office—is not the old planning system. areas will fall into that category.We need clearer definitions, Planning is, of course, important to growth, but the and I am pleased that at least he is willing to rethink the Secretary of State’s unlawful meddling with regional wording of brownfield provisions. I urge him to speak spatial strategies last year has, according to some estimates, to the Prime Minister and insist that when he answers cost the country hundreds of thousands of new homes questions on development in the House he should make already, and in so doing seriously damaged growth. it clear that there is no threat to the green belt. The That is the direct outcome of Tory policies on planning Prime Minister should answer the question that he is and a very clear indication that the Government’s left asked. If he is asked about the threat to green fields—not hand does not know what their right hand is doing. green belt—he should deal with that. I have to say that the green fields that are going to be built on are in leafy Sir Alan Beith (Berwick-upon-Tweed) (LD): I remind Tory shires. the hon. Lady that the regional spatial strategy in The NPPF is silent on affordable housing—a point Northumberland meant that authorities could build made by my right hon. Friends the Members for Leeds no more than about 20 or 30 houses. It was a very severe Central and for Greenwich and Woolwich. When is the limit on the numbers that they could build, and its assessment of housing need going to be made, as there removal has given them freedom to build more houses, is just a cursory reference to it in the NPPF, and how not fewer. will the evidence of that need be collated? Again, that is far from clear. Alison Seabeck: I take the right hon. Gentleman’s Finally, there was a glimmer of hope or common point, but regional spatial strategies were set up to sense on transitional arrangements, which are vital. ensure that, ideally, houses were built where there was Without a transitional period, there will be fears on the most need. Clearly, across the country overall, that need one hand of a development free-for-all while, on the was starting to be met under the last Labour Government. other, developers have concerns about the lack of such Developers are sitting on land. We have heard about arrangements. When the Localism Bill is enacted, the 300,000 existing permissions. What right-minded regional spatial strategies will disappear, and there will developer will build homes when nobody is able to buy be a gap before the NPPF is introduced, with further them? Again, that is not due to the planning system. losses of planned homes on a scale of the losses that Instead of dealing with the critical issue of the economy, have already taken place as a result of announcements and the finance and confidence necessary to deliver the by the Secretary of State. This is an incredibly important investment and pick house building up off the floor, we subject for people on both sides of the debate, and I are having this smokescreen of a debate on planning. am pleased that there appears to have been some However, a debate has sprung up around the country, backtracking. and it puts planning at the heart of the conflict between In the Committee that considered the Localism Bill, growth, the economy and the countryside. That point the Opposition were asked to legislate without sight of was very well made by my right hon. Friend the Member the NPPF.The House, on Report and on Third Reading, for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) in his excellent speech. was asked to legislate without sight of the document, That is a false choice and has unhelpfully polarised and now developers and local communities are going opinion. to be asked, some time in the future, to plan without It is important that we have clarity in the system—I sight of the details that they will need, either to support do not disagree with hon. Members in different parts of good-quality local development, designed to meet the House on that issue—but this false debate is now needs, or to protect local areas of importance. Even proving to be a total distraction. The NPPF is a deeply today, we have had another statement on the abolition flawed document that needs to be seriously amended, of RSSs that discusses the requirement to undertake a and I hope that the Minister is listening to Members in proper environmental assessment, albeit voluntarily. It all parts of the House because the Government are says that the Government are undertaking another committed to railroading it through. consultation on the matter. How can we legislate and make decisions about things as important as the planning Under Labour, the green belt was expanded. We policy framework without seeing the outcome of those pursued a policy of “brownfield first”. Brownfield expanded consultations? as a proportion of new build as we focused on developments and regeneration—a word that is sadly missing from I welcome the fact that the Government have backtracked both the Localism Bill and this document. on their proposals on yet another ill-researched policy that has been introduced in haste. Along with my colleagues, I await the revised NPPF and the debate on it, because Martin Horwood (Cheltenham) (LD): Will the hon. the wording of today’s motion is far from accurate. The Lady give way? House has not, in my view, considered the NPPF, and we should be allowed another debate on the revised Alison Seabeck: No, not at the moment. paper, and a vote. 1107 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1108

2.13 pm I shall return to housing, which is the big issue in my constituency. The draft NPPF aims to give local people Jason McCartney (Colne Valley) (Con): The consultation a real say via their local plan. As I have said, people in on the draft national planning policy framework is far my patch have to suffer a Labour-run Kirklees council and away the biggest issue in my constituency, although hellbent on development, whatever the cost to our this weekend it may be run a close second by the countryside and environment. All of this suspicion, fear forthcoming vote on an EU referendum. and rumour has led to numerous community groups Concerned residents in my beautiful Colne Valley getting together to have their say on the flawed local constituency were angered by a poor-quality consultation development framework and the NPPF. I have fully on Kirklees council’s local development framework. engaged with those groups, especially the Kirklees The Labour-led council is still obsessed with the top-down community action network. I have spoken at meetings housing targets introduced by the previous Government, in Slaithwaite and my home village of Honley, and will and it is trying to impose 28,000 new homes on our be doing so in Meltham in a fortnight. area. Then came the fiasco over the planning permission Like many hon. Members, I have received numerous for 294 new homes and a data campus development on e-mails and letters and, as I said, I have met local action Lindley moor, which is north of Huddersfield. Despite groups, which have copied me into their submissions to the fact that democratically elected councillors originally the consultation. They have spent many hours on their voted against the housing plans, the planning department consultations, and they have made some excellent points, and the council leadership kept going until they secured some of which I shall summarise. I urge Ministers to a narrow 8:7 vote in favour of the controversial development take note of them. First, we should change the main on green fields. The development should have been presumption statement to read: “presumption in favour rejected on the grounds of poor infrastructure, with of sustainable development on brownfield sites or those clogged roads, oversubscribed schools and medical services of lesser environmental impact.” Basically, we should at full stretch. adopt a brownfield-first policy. Secondly—and Opposition Members will not like Graham Jones: The hon. Gentleman seems to know a this—we should stop councils using the old top-down lot about that development. In the planning committee, housing targets. I appreciate that the Government have what did the Highways Agency say about access to the tried to do so through the courts—they have been site? Was it in favour, or against? frustrated—but we should get this in the NPPF, because the problem, as I said, is that my Labour-run local Jason McCartney: The hon. Gentleman is quite right— council is sticking with the regional spatial strategy know a lot about this, and sat through a whole day of target of 28,000 homes even though no one has any idea the planning committee’s considerations. I spoke against where it got that figure from. the proposal. The committee came up with highways figures but, as a number of local residents rightly pointed Thirdly, Kirklees council has more than 11,000 empty out, those figures were out of date and they did not homes. It is madness to keep building on green fields apply to peak times in the morning and evening. I when we have those empty homes. We should try to get attended the committee for many hours, and I thank the as many of them back into use as possible, and there hon. Gentleman for raising the issue, as he has helped should be more mention of that in the NPPF. to make a good point. Mrs Mary Glindon (North Tyneside) (Lab): The hon. Concerned local people have read and heard about Gentleman has put the emphasis on a Labour council, the draft NPPF with deep suspicion. While the aim of but in my Tory-run council, residents groups are at simplifying 1,000-plus pages to little more than 50 is loggerheads with our Tory mayor and cabinet, who laudable, residents in the beautiful countryside of the insist on building houses next to a country park, when Colne and Holme valleys, as well as Lindley, fear the brownfield sites are available. Should we not say that all phrase, councils can be stubborn, instead of putting the emphasis “presumption in favour of sustainable development”. on Labour councils? Local people have interpreted that as a developers charter for more unwanted developments on their rapidly Jason McCartney: I thank the hon. Lady for her reducing countryside. There is confusion, too, about comment. Obviously I can only talk knowledgeably what sustainable development actually is, and there is a about my local council. We are working hard in Kirklees need for a clear definition, as we have heard in our to get a Conservative-run council, and then we will be debate. able to compare them. Fourthly, let us accept that relaxing the rules on Andrew Percy (Brigg and Goole) (Con): I want to expand development will not necessarily help the economy—a on the point that my hon. Friend made about residents’ point that has already been made. Houses are not being fears. A planning appeal is under way in my constituency built because home buyers cannot get mortgages as a in which the developers are using the phrasing of the result of the huge deposits required, not because of a NPPF to try to push through, and argue for, wind lack of available land with planning permission. The turbines. We therefore need clarity on what is meant by only reason houses are not being built is that builders sustainable development. cannot sell them. Across the country thousands of newly built and older homes are currently unoccupied, Jason McCartney: My hon. Friend is a doughty as I have already pointed out, and developers are sitting campaigner on the issue of wind turbines in his constituency, on hundreds of thousands of unimplemented planning and I know that he will continue to campaign. That was permissions. In Kirklees alone there is land equivalent an excellent point. to 5.1% of the existing housing stock or about 16 years’ 1109 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1110 supply of building land at current levels of house building I am sure that the objectives that the Government are activity already with planning permission, but it has not trying to achieve—building more homes and providing been built on yet. more jobs—are shared across the House. I certainly Fifthly, although the framework offers some theoretical have a long-standing interest in trying to increase the protection to green-belt land, for example for sites of number of homes being built in this country. It is a special scientific interest and heritage sites, it also gives prime need and something that all Members should be local authorities and developers the freedom to override interested in. The real issue, of course, is where that those protections if development can be shown to offer building and development will take place. That, in significant economic benefit. It offers no protection to essence, is what the planning system is all about. other greenfield land. That is wholly inappropriate in In looking at the Government’s proposals, there are semi-urban areas, and we are really worried in my part number of questions we want to ask first. Is the planning of the world, particularly with provisional open land, system really responsible for the lack of house building that the net effect might be that the villages will end up and growth in this country? Is there evidence for that? sprawling together. These are all points that my local Those are the questions we should address first. If there community groups have been talking about. are problems with the planning system, is it a problem As I have said, people in my neck of the woods are of the policy and guidance, or one of process? Is the between a rock and a hard place. On one hand there is process of getting local plans agreed too lengthy? Those the presumption in favour of sustainable development are the sorts of issues that the Committee wants to look if no local plan is in place, and local people are interpreting at, but the fundamental question is this: is there clear that as a developer’s charter. On the other hand, there is evidence that planning is holding back house building a Labour-run local council that is trying to shove through and growth, or are other factors more important? the plans for 28,000 new homes by massive green-belt The Committee has certainly heard much conflicting release. We have either a flawed local plan or that evidence. We had the National Trust and the Home presumption; no wonder people in my area are so worried. Builders Federation sitting before us giving evidence together, so it was apparent that there are slightly Heidi Alexander: I am genuinely interested in the different views about the wisdom of the Government’s hon. Gentleman’s answer to this question: are community proposals. We all welcome the fact that the Minister is groups in his constituency coming forward with an listening, and hopefully he will listen to the Committee’s alternative plan, through neighbourhood forums and recommendations when they are made. If he is minded their own neighbourhood plans, for areas where they in the end to make some significant changes to his could accommodate new housing growth? proposals, will he consider a further round of consultation? If we are really to get this right, is it not important that Jason McCartney: The hon. Lady makes an excellent we have the maximum amount of dialogue, because point. That is why I have given those groups details there is a common interest in trying to ensure that the about the neighbourhood planning front-runners scheme, matter is taken forward in the right way. which can assist them in developing neighbourhood I welcome what the Minister said about transitional plans and provide funding of up to £20,000 to help that. arrangements. We have heard much evidence suggesting The groups are very well organised and I have pointed that we cannot simply press a button and change from them in the right direction. They have come forward one system to another without an awful lot of problems and are working with other local groups, such as civic being created. Indeed, there is legal evidence suggesting societies, town trusts and parish councils, to come up that, because no local plan will be in place that has had with a neighbourhood plan, which is a very positive side a chance to take account of a new framework once of our localism structure. agreed, on day one all local plans will effectively be out In summary, we should of course simplify the planning of date and inconsistent with the national guidance. system, but let us prioritise developments on brownfield Clearly, therefore, there must be a transition to allow sites, bring empty homes back into use and protect what change to take place. The history of changes in planning is left of our countryside by ensuring that local plans policy and legislation reveals that any change at all, and genuinely reflect local wishes. even the proposal of change, creates uncertainty and tends to cause delay, increase the number of appeals 2.22 pm and involve the lawyers to a greater extent. We ought to Mr Clive Betts (Sheffield South East) (Lab): The look at how we can minimise those impacts and get to Communities and Local Government Committee, which the best position. I chair, is in the middle of an inquiry on the national A number of specific concerns have been raised with planning policy framework, so, like the Minister, I do the Committee which we will want to look at. First, is not want to come to conclusions today, as it is important all the guidance that is being scrapped really useless? to hear all the evidence before reaching any decisions. I Has any planning authority really said, “This is irrelevant thank the Minister for advising the Committee at an and we have no need for it?” Is there a danger that once early stage of his intention to bring in a new NPPF and it is all removed at national level councils will start to for asking us whether we wanted to be involved in the look at the local level and incorporate more and more in consultation process by conducting an inquiry. We have their local plans, because if their local plan is silent on indicated that we will reach our conclusions before the something they will worry that they will get development Christmas recess as part of the consultation. I also want that they do not want? That is a concern that we must to welcome my right hon. Friend the Member for Leeds reflect on. Will simply stripping out everything and Central (Hilary Benn) to his new post and thank him pretending that it does not matter really be of benefit? for raising a number of important points in his contribution, What is the precise link between the national guidance, many of which have been raised with the Committee local plans and neighbourhood plans, which are very and which we want to address. new and untested? The framework refers a great deal to 1111 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1112

[Mr Clive Betts] In the Select Committee the other day, we took evidence on the issue of “significant and demonstrable”. the importance of local plans, but it does not say that What does it mean? When we pushed a practitioner who any application that is approved has to be consistent was on the group that made the initial recommendations with the local plan. That is stated in national legislation, to Ministers, asking him, “What does significant mean?” so there is a relationship, but is it absolutely clear, he said, “Well, of course, if it wasn’t significant, it because national legislation apparently has primacy wouldn’t matter.” That is an issue, because the adverse over the guidance? That relationship has to be worked consequences of a development might outweigh the through. Having listened to Government Members, I benefits, but if they do not outweigh them in a significant think there is clearly an issue to be worked through and demonstrable way, the application will still have to about the national requirements for more homes, on be accepted. We have to probe some of the definitions. climate change and regional requirements on waste I welcome the Minister’s comments on brownfield disposal, and on Traveller sites and how they relate to development and on taking another look at it. I understand local aspirations at local planning level where there may some of the concerns of Government Members about be differences. If all the local plans and the plans for building in gardens, but we should not allow those housing in them do not add up to the requirements that concerns to enable the removal of brownfield development. we need at national level to build sufficient homes, The Minister is looking again at that issue and, in where does that leave us? There are clearly concerns that particular, at how it relates to the additional 20% of go beyond one local authority boundary. The duty to houses and the contingency that will have to be planned co-operate is in place and the Minister has taken steps for. That is very welcome, indeed. to strengthen it, but is it sufficient to ensure that we can We have to look at the “town centre first” issue. Why deliver on those wider issues? There are some carrots, have offices been removed from it? They are an important but are there any sticks? Can any penalties be imposed part of a sustainable ″town centre first″ strategy, so will on local authorities which do not co-operate, and what the Minister make it clear that, if an application fails a does not co-operating actually amount to? Those are sequential test, it will be deemed unsustainable? How also concerns. does the sequential test relate to that issue? Concerns have been raised with the Committee about The Minister has not mentioned the needs test, which sustainable development. Should there be a national it was Conservative policy in opposition to reinstate. definition, which is much clearer and, perhaps, written I opposed the previous Labour Government’s removal down in legislation or in the framework? Should it be of it, so will he look at that issue, too? included? If it is, the point that my right hon. Friend the Member for Greenwich and Woolwich (Mr Raynsford) The Select Committee has a lot of issues to look at. made will be important. Will the definition be applied We will try to do so in an evidence-based way, which is consistently at a local level, or will there be differences how we try to operate; we will try to identify the real in an application and in how we apply the definition in a concerns; and, where we think that there are genuine northern industrial town with lots of dereliction, as concerns, we will try to go to the Minister with some opposed to in a leafy suburb in the south or, indeed, in a clear proposals on how the document might be amended national park? There is not much special reference in with benefit. the framework to the differences that might be applicable and relevant in different areas, so we want to address 2.32 pm those matters in particular, and it is important that we do so. Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (The Cotswolds) (Con): I am delighted to follow the hon. Member for Sheffield South People have made the point to the Committee that East (Mr Betts), the Chairman of the Communities and the framework came out of proposals for growth. There Local Government Committee, because he is one of the are three legs—economic, social and environmental—to more knowledgeable Opposition Members on these the stool of sustainable development, but has the economic matters, and he made some very pertinent points. leg become a little longer than the other two, and is the stool becoming a little unbalanced? Is too much emphasis We may trade figures, as the right hon. Member for being given to economic factors, which in any decision Greenwich and Woolwich (Mr Raynsford) started to might override environmental and social factors? do, but his Government inherited a golden legacy, and although the planning system can bring forward Duncan Hames: I am finding the hon. Gentleman’s permissions, it cannot ensure that houses are built. His speech very informative, as indeed was his pertinent Government inherited a golden legacy, but they managed intervention during the opening speech. Does he share to ruin it, and we are now are in a very difficult situation my concern that the question of whether an application in which we need to build more houses. The planning qualifies for the presumption of sustainable development system has a part, but only a part, to play in that; the might end up being decided by the courts and through market has a big part to play, too. case law, rather than by local, democratically accountable I welcome the actions of my right hon. Friend the councillors? Minister in getting rid of regional spatial strategies, which the previous Government introduced. I have Mr Betts: That is absolutely right. No one here wants opposed them very strongly, simply because they have lawyers involved in making decisions that should properly not worked. They have not produced the number of be made in this Parliament, and that is why we have to local plans required, and they have alienated many local get the policy absolutely right and look at the definitions. people from the planning system, so my right hon. Indeed, there is a range of definitions in the framework, Friend has done the right thing in bringing forward this some of which are untested and we want to be clear new national planning framework. I wish him every about. possible success. 1113 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1114

I declare an interest, which is in the Register of Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: Well, we are in coalition Members’ Financial Interests, as I have property that together. could benefit from these planning changes, and I, like Secondly, exceptions and additional neighbourhood the right hon. Member for Greenwich and Woolwich sites should be included. Thirdly, new agricultural and declared, have a non-pecuniary interest, too, because I forestry dwellings should be included. Fourthly, sheltered am a fellow of the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors or high-dependency housing accompanying a nursing and used to practise in the planning field. home application should be included. That is particularly One issue that is not in the NPPF is the costs in the relevant to my constituency, where we have three large planning appeal process. In my experience, small local such applications on areas that perhaps would not authorities often have to weigh up the correct planning usually be given permission, but they would gain greater decision while bearing in mind the cost of appeal. My currency in the local community if people felt that they local authority has a development budget of about were contributing towards the five-year plan. £2 million, and, if it has to take on board four appeals Paragraph 109 requires local authorities to in any one year at £50,000 each, that is 10% of its entire “identify and bring back into use empty housing and buildings”. development budget. This has been a problem for many decades. There are I have a proposal to deal with that. The default about 740,000 empty houses in England. When I had a setting should be that the developer, who after all gets housing brief in opposition, I surveyed most of our the benefit, will be expected to pay the local authority’s major institutions that had a presence on the high street reasonable costs on an appeal. The issue of costs could to discover why so many of the flats about their shops then be varied by either the planning inspector or the were empty. Most said that they did not find occupants Secretary of State in a particular place where the local for those flats because it was too administratively planning authority has acted blatantly and without burdensome. The NPPF needs to have stronger guidance good reason against its own local plan or has ignored to bring back into use these empty properties, which are relevant national guidance. a shocking waste of our built environment. Turning now to the issues that are governed by the The vitality and viability of town centres is dealt with draft NPPF, my first concern is about the guidance in paragraph 78. Town centres, particularly in smaller relating to the increased supply of housing. I am particularly rural market towns such as those that I represent, are concerned about the requirement in paragraph 109 for undergoing significant change. The increased trend towards local authorities to provide an additional 20% of the shopping online is causing many retail businesses to existing five-year land bank. The five-year land bank is reduce their presence on the high street or to leave it a rolling programme. Every time one permission is built altogether. Many town centres are therefore coming on, it has to be replaced with a new permission. In my under pressure as demand for retail space drops. Nothing area, that is bringing about a substantial amount of is worse for a town than the sight of a large number of new building land. If we impose this extra land on top derelict shops. The NPPF needs to be straightforward of the existing five-year land bank, it will become so that local authorities can consider ways of strengthening unsustainable, it will sterilise more land through planning the vitality and viability of town centres and are able to permission than is necessary, and it will give rise to the resist applications where they are threatened, first, by wrong assumptions on infrastructure planning. I hope out-of-town centre schemes, and then, by edge-of-town that the Government will think very carefully about centre schemes. introducing this additional 20%; otherwise, many people in our areas will become very disillusioned with the Jason McCartney: Will my hon. Friend give way? planning system. Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: I said that I would give way Duncan Hames: Will the hon. Gentleman give way? only once, if my hon. Friend does not mind. Special consideration needs to be given to small market Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: I will give way once. towns, because they are particularly vulnerable to such large developments. Duncan Hames: In response to my earlier question, the Minister said that he did not want to require local Design is a very important issue for those in special authorities to build for more than the five-year housing vernacular design areas such as the Cotswolds. On the supply. That being the case, does the hon. Gentleman whole, post-war planning has been successful in keeping agree that it is important that the housing that is derived the distinctive Cotswold stone wall and roof construction. from windfall developments should be taken into However, guidance such as that in paragraphs 21 and consideration against the need that the local authority 118 seems to run totally counter to what has been needs to meet? achieved in the Cotswolds over so many decades. The way around this would be to allow particular vernacular styles to predominate only in those areas where it can be Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: I agree with the hon. Gentleman. proved that it has done so in the past, as must be clearly He must have my notes, so I shall continue. demonstrated in the adopted local plans. The Government should reconsider what counts towards Finally, as the Member of Parliament for a constituency housing numbers in a local authority area. First, they of which more than 80% is comprised of areas of should allow for windfall sites; after all, these are real outstanding natural beauty, I warmly welcome Ministers gains, and they should be encouraged. having said that national parks, green belts and areas of outstanding natural beauty will be protected. However, Mr Steve Brine (Winchester) (Con): We are a team I think that the guidance in paragraph 167 needs to be now. strengthened in that respect. I suggest to my right hon. 1115 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1116

[Geoffrey Clifton-Brown] South East (Mr Betts), who chairs the Communities and Local Government Committee. It is important that Friend the Minister that it follow the wording of policy the Minister and Parliament take account of the scrutiny ENV3 of the south-west regional spatial strategy on that takes place in Parliament, which is why this protected landscapes: parliamentary debate is so important. If Parliament is “Particular care will be taken to ensure that no development is to be fit for purpose, fit for the 21st century and fit to permitted outside the National Park or Areas of Outstanding create the policies that we will need in generations to Natural Beauty which would damage their natural beauty, character come, it is right that the Minister should give an undertaking and special qualities or otherwise prejudice the achievement of when he responds that he will give us more time to take National Park or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty purposes.” account of what is said by the Select Committees of the These are some of the most special landscapes in the House of Commons. I am sure that the Liaison Committee country. As has been said, we live in a densely populated will want to consider that as well. country, particularly when the hilly areas of England, Every Member of this House represents their Wales and Scotland are taken out of the equation. It is constituency first and foremost. I will therefore say a therefore particularly important that we get the planning brief word about an issue that relates to my constituency system right and, in particular, the NPPF. of Stoke-on-Trent North. It is the issue of brownfield I urge my right hon. Friend to resist too much more sites, which many Members including my hon. Friend additional consultation. Planning practitioners now need the Member for Plymouth, Moor View (Alison Seabeck) to get on with the system, which I am sure will be have mentioned. improved and will be more friendly to local people. I warmly welcome the idea of local decision making and I was interested that the Minister gave away that fact neighbourhood plans. I can tell my right hon. Friend that the priority that there used to be to develop on that many of my parish and town councils are lining up brownfield sites has somehow been lost as a result of to draw up neighbourhood plans, because they have the need to prevent development in gardens. There are become so fed up with a regional planning system that large industrial or former industrial parts of the country is based many hundreds of miles away. They want to with huge amounts of brownfield site. In Stoke-on-Trent feel that they have ownership of the planning system we have 175 hectares of brownfield land available and that they will benefit from applications in their area. for development. If we do not get the planning policy framework right, developers and property companies I only have a couple of seconds left, but I just want to will cherry-pick green belt and greenfield sites. say that pre-planning application is really important. I have gone through it successfully with a big house builder in my constituency and we have got an application Greg Clark indicated dissent. that is much more acceptable to the local communities. I urge Members to encourage that. Good luck to my Joan Walley: But where are the inducements to build right hon. Friend. houses in Stoke-on-Trent, where there is planning permission for them? It is not the planning permission 2.41 pm system that is failing; it is the policies of the Treasury Joan Walley (Stoke-on-Trent North) (Lab): This is an and other Departments. They are not ensuring that we interesting and important debate, not least because it can build the homes that are so desperately needed on comes in the context of the Government’s intention to brownfield sites. be the “greenest Government ever”. We must ask how I wish to mention the role of the Environmental their planning policies sit within that ambition. This Audit Committee. I am very pleased that we are debate comes as the climate change talks and Rio+20 collaborating with the Communities and Local Government are about to take place. We want the Government to go Committee to examine the whole issue of planning. Our to those international negotiations with real leadership, Select Committee has been charged with considering the backed up by the action that is being taken at home. definition of “sustainable development”. That is a key That action must relate to planning policy. issue, and Ministers from DCLG and DEFRA were It is important that this matter is considered as a before the Committee in a united stance just last week. cross-cutting issue. Whatever the Department for The present Minister gave what I thought was an Communities and Local Government puts before undertaking to go away and look at the evidence—I stress Parliament has to be consistent with the policies of the that we are examining evidence-based representations. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs He now needs to consider how the detailed and the Department of Energy and Climate Change, recommendations that we will make on a definition of so that the national policy statements about major “sustainable development” can be integrated into the infrastructure investments sit side by side with the localism national planning policy framework before it is too late. agenda and planning policies. One problem with this That is critical. consultation is that it is still being brought forward with a silo mentality. The Minister urgently needs to cross- Duncan Hames: The hon. Lady is recognised for her reference it so that everything that comes about as a expertise on this subject. Does she agree that the reason result of the new planning policies is consistent with the definition of “sustainable development” published the business plans of other Departments that relate to in the draft framework has three legs is that all three of sustainable development. Otherwise, sustainable them count? It would not be satisfactory for developments development will not underpin everything that is done. to benefit from the presumption in favour of sustainable Having made those general comments, I wish to development if they were contributing to just one of congratulate many of the Members who have spoken, those three legs and the overall net effect on sustainability not least my hon. Friend the Member for Sheffield was negative. 1117 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1118

Joan Walley: This is a really complex issue, and the system belongs to them, that there is no place for former Labour Government had problems with it when members of the public or communities to have their say the legislation on regional development agencies was and that local authorities, particularly smaller ones, are first introduced. There was a strong view that there at a disadvantage, as they are always mindful of costs, should be a legal definition of the term in that legislation. something that my hon. Friend the Member for The The witnesses before our Committee last week said Cotswolds (Geoffrey Clifton-Brown) rightly mentioned. that the Government seemed to be going backwards. We had the Brundtland definition of sustainable Graham Jones: Would the hon. Gentleman therefore development, then we subsequently had the 2005 definition be in favour of a right of appeal not for the applicants, that was included in planning permissions. Now, with but for those whom we might consider the defendants—that the changes that the Government are introducing in the is, the people objecting to an application? framework, there will be no clear definition. That means that the three pillars of sustainable development—economic Mr Clappison: That is an interesting proposition that factors, social justice and the environment—will not be could perhaps be considered on another day and in the linked to any proper framework within which they can fullness of time. be properly assessed so that reasoned and informed decisions are made. The Government need to think The hon. Gentleman will be pleased with how the carefully about a proper definition to be included in the objective of localism has been fulfilled through the framework and about providing clarity about what is national planning policy framework, and in particular meant by sustainable development. That needs to be through the opportunity to establish neighbourhood matched in the Localism Bill, and sustainable development plans to take into account the views of local communities. must be defined in a cross-cutting way by all Government At the same time—I grasp the nettle on this issue—I Departments and in all Government legislation. welcome the planning policy framework’s approach Some other details need to be considered as the towards promoting development and growth, which is a framework goes forward, one of which is how to include perfectly proper consideration for such a framework. the long-term needs of the mineral extraction industry. The planning system should not be, as it sometimes has At the moment, permissions are given for a 25-year been, an obstacle to appropriate and justified developments period, which can provide some degree of certainty. in the right place. It is a question of getting development That has to be balanced against how we define sustainable in the right place and striking the right balance among development. the social, environmental and economic factors that have to be taken into account. I welcome the willingness Those issues cannot be properly resolved unless we that Ministers have shown so far, including today—they have a clear, valid definition that is consistent over time. will no doubt continue to show it in future too—to That is what we need, so when the Minister replies, he listen and seek to strike the right balance among those needs to set out the procedures that can be brought to different considerations. I understand that that is a work bear to ensure that that is included as the national in progress, and I urge Ministers to continue with it. planning policy framework is taken forward. I have heard a lot about sustainable development. 2.50 pm Although I do not have a problem with the definition in the policy framework, I would ask Ministers to look Mr James Clappison (Hertsmere) (Con): I declare my again at the presumption in favour of sustainable relevant interests in the Register of Members’ Financial development. We can all see what Ministers are trying Interests. to achieve, but more work needs to be done on how that Let me begin by warmly welcoming the objectives operates throughout the planning policy framework, that my right hon. and hon. Friends have set out in this because the word “presumption” creates the impression policy framework. This has been a good debate, in that there is something that has to be rebutted. I think which we have seen an emerging consensus behind we know what Ministers are trying to achieve, but more those objectives, even though some questions of detail work needs to be done. have arisen. I pay tribute to the right hon. Member for I have two further points to make. The green belt is Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) for supporting the objectives a particularly strong interest for me, as much of my of the Government’s planning policy framework. In constituency is covered by it. However, I am rather at a fairness, questions of detail are bound to arise when, as loss to understand some of the legal opinion that has is the case now, a Government try to simplify a policy been quoted about protection for the green belt, because that was previously very complex indeed. However, I as I read the planning policy framework, the protection strongly support the objective of simplifying planning for the green belt is at least as strong as in the existing policy as it stands. documents, if not arguably stronger. I am not sure I know that hon. Members have talked about developers, whether those who say that there is no protection against lawyers and so forth, but my experience as a constituency inappropriate development have got as far as paragraph 142, Member of Parliament is that the unequal playing field which states: between developers and members of the public—as well as local authorities, with the cost that they face—has been “Inappropriate development is, by definition, harmful to the Green Belt and should not be approved except in very special created by the sheer complexity of the current planning circumstances.” system. To be fair, I am not blaming the previous Government for that; we are talking about something What could be plainer than that? I welcome that plain that has grown up over the years, under Governments speaking. I think that that provision is probably stronger of all descriptions. It is my experience that the developers than what were said to be the safeguards allegedly taken turn up at planning inquiries with armies of consultants, out by the Government, because it represents a prohibition, lawyers and lobbyists, giving the impression that the “except in very special circumstances.” 1119 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1120

[Mr Clappison] 2.58 pm Tristram Hunt (Stoke-on-Trent Central) (Lab): It is a I would ask the Government to go further than the great pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Hertsmere enhanced protection that they have given to the green (Mr Clappison). I associate myself strongly with his belt. Over the years, I have seen developers come to my comments about the protection of specific areas of constituency with ingenious arguments as to what might green belt, as well as those about green spaces. As ever, amount to special circumstances to justify development Her Majesty’s Opposition are here to help the Government in the green belt. Time and again, those applications get out of a hole, and it is a hole of their own making. have been made, and if every one had been granted, The production of the draft national planning policy there would now be no green belt left in my constituency. framework has been a disastrous process, and I very I therefore ask for still further protection for the green much hope that we will begin to see some sense from belt. Ministers as they respond to the consultation. In fact, I think that we are beginning to see that now. It is a great Bob Stewart (Beckenham) (Con) rose— pleasure to hear that they have dropped the rather abusive and unconstructive tone that my right hon. Mr Clappison: I will give way to my hon. Friend, Friend the Member for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) because I think that that will gain me an extra minute. mentioned. Talk of smear campaigns by left-wingers and “nihilistic selfishness” on the part of organisations such as the National Trust, the Royal Society for the Bob Stewart: When we refer to “special circumstances”, Protection of Birds and the Campaign to Protect Rural are we referring to a situation in which locals really England does little to elevate the debate or enable us to want something? Is that the way my hon. Friend would think creatively about planning in this country. read it? The point of today’s debate is this: the national planning policy framework as drafted threatens to Mr Clappison: What the developers have done in the undermine the very successful urban renaissance of past is give their interpretation of what local people recent years. I know that we now have a “Cities Minister” should want, but that is not what local people actually from Tunbridge Wells—that great conurbation—but want. They can be very ingenious. even the Tory party’s recent conference in Manchester An important point about the green belt that has not should have allowed it to see the great success of Labour’s yet been mentioned is that this document protects the “brownfield first” densification strategy of recent years. existing green belt. The Government have abandoned All of that could be undone by the current document the doctrine of the previous Government which stated because, as we have seen, it allows a series of get-out that the loss of existing green belt could be compensated clauses for expansive free-for-all development, which for by the designation of green belt somewhere else in will inevitably mean greenfield, if not green-belt, the country. For example, under those rules, the green development. As the Home Builders Federation puts it, belt in Hertfordshire could be built on if that was the NPPF allows a new presumption compensated for by the designation of fresh green belt “that requires local planning authorities to explain why development in, say, Hampshire, Herefordshire, Northamptonshire, should not go ahead rather than placing this onus on the applicant Norfolk or somewhere else in the country. That doctrine of convincing the authority as to why it should be approved.” would have resulted in the rolling development of the The HBF regards this as whole country, so I welcome the new protection. “a radical change of approach”. A matter of great interest to my constituents is that In one sense, this should not come as a surprise, as a of green spaces. I welcome the inclusion of that important little history will show, Mr Deputy Speaker, if you will concept in the document. Green spaces can include allow me. When we look back through the 20th century, spaces in urban areas near to the green belt. I should we discover that the Conservative party in office is very like to make a plea to the Minister on behalf of my rarely a friend of the countryside. In the inter-war years, constituents. I know that the Government cannot designate we saw the remarkable expansion of ribbon development, green spaces everywhere, but will they be as flexible and laissez-faire sprawl and unregulated suburbanisation. generous as possible in that regard, because those spaces England was uglified as the Tories, as usual, gave the are a tremendous boon to my constituents and those of whip hand to developers, who quickly sought to merge other hon. Members? I am speaking particularly on town and country. behalf of the Woodcock Hill environmental community Thankfully, the forces of progress intervened when, project in my constituency, which has worked hard to in 1926, the Council for the Preservation of Rural establish a village green on a treasured green space that England was established. Then the great Herbert Morrison I hope will remain for many years to come, long into the introduced the green belt around London and we thankfully future after we have all gone. had a Labour Government who introduced the Town I support what the Government are trying to do, but and Country Planning Act 1947, the national land I would also urge them to listen to the valid points fund, the national parks, areas of outstanding natural that have been raised. This is work in progress and there beauty and the rolling out of the green belt—the securing is more to be done, but the Government are approaching of our post-war planning settlement, which separated the matter in the right way and getting very close to rural from urban, town from country, which is now their target of fulfilling their original objectives. We under threat by this new policy. should give them the support and help that they What I have described has made England what it is. deserve as they seek to achieve their important objectives, Whereas the Conservative party cannot bear the idea of balance them together and build a better future for our planning and would rather have the anywhere/nowhere country. sprawl of modern America—or, increasingly, of Italy 1121 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1122 and Spain—we Labour Members believe in preservation, Greg Clark: The hon. Gentleman is seeking to draw zoning, development and planning. This is not nimbyism, partisanship into the debate. Has he listened to the but a sophisticated approach to how we should deal words of the former Labour housing Minister, Lord with planning issues. This is particularly the case, as my Rooker, in the House of Lords last week when he was hon. Friend the Member for Sheffield South East (Mr introducing a debate? He said clearly: Betts) suggested, when we come to complicated matters “I am actually with the Government on this issue…The draft of climate change and recycling. planning policy nowhere near seeks to destroy our countryside, Of course, when the Tories came back in the 1980s, areas of outstanding natural beauty, the green belt or our vast they sought to undermine all that all over again. Once open countryside. Those are the facts”.—[Official Report, House again we had the deregulation of planning, out-of-town of Lords, 13 October 2011; Vol. 730, c. 1836.] shopping complexes and sprawl—the result of laissez-faire Why is the hon. Gentleman trying to create contention deregulation. In 1997, the tide turned again—thanks in where there is none? part to my right hon. Friend the Member for Greenwich and Woolwich (Mr Raynsford)—as we sought to undo Tristram Hunt: I believe in contention. I think it is a the damage. Not only did my right hon. Friend sanction good thing. Politics results from it. I think that the another national park—opposed by the Conservatives—and noble Lord Rooker is not unfamiliar with contention conserve the green belt, but the percentage of new either. dwellings built on brownfield land rose from 56% in 1997 to 78% in 2010. The results are there to see in our Deregulating planning does not deliver the kind of cities. In 1990, there were barely a few hundred people economic growth that the Government think it does. living in the centre of Manchester; today, there are We have only to look at Spain, Ireland or the American more than 20,000. In Liverpool, the inner-urban population states of Arizona or Nevada to realise that a strategy of increased as well. ex-urban sprawl does not deliver such growth. As the Minister should know, business park vacancies currently Mr Marcus Jones: The hon. Gentleman extols the stand at 17% and 1.6 million square feet of commercial virtues of the “town centre first” policy. I know that he space is free for letting. In a recent letter to the Financial is a well-known historian, but history tells me that that Times, the planning adviser Paul Hackett revealed that policy was adopted by the previous Conservative when he was asked to investigate Treasury claims that Government, not the Labour Government. the planning system was a barrier to growth, he “failed to find any convincing evidence, other than planning Tristram Hunt: We were so happy when the former controls holding back speculative development by developers and Secretary of State, the former Member for Suffolk out of town supermarkets and hoteliers”, Coastal, John Gummer, saw the light. I agreed not only that the previous system had undermined sustainable with his “town centre first” plans, but with his plans for economic growth. the regeneration of major stately home building, although As my hon. Friend the Member for Stoke-on-Trent that does not make me popular on the Labour Benches. North (Joan Walley) said, both her and I are privileged Now, however, the “brownfield first”plan is gone; planning to represent a city facing challenges of growth, structural permission is to be granted where the plan is absent, silent, economic change and structural unemployment. We do indeterminate or where relevant policies are out of date. not think that ending the “brownfield first” and the That means developers can build where and when they “town centre first” strategies will provide the kind of like. What makes the English landscape so special—that development, housing and businesses that we want in rural/urban divide and the post-war planning settlement— Stoke-on-Trent, not least because, as the hon. Member threatens to be undermined. It is threatened because, as for Colne Valley (Jason McCartney) suggested, we have my right hon. Friend the Member for Leeds Central 750,000 homes sitting empty and existing planning said, there is no economic growth. The Government’s permission for 330,000 unbuilt houses. The problem for growth strategy has collapsed, and they think that ripping development in many situations, particularly for housing, up the planning process will solve the problem. is as much about the financial and mortgage systems as it is about the planning system. Andrew Percy: I spent 10 years as a city councillor under the previous Government’s planning system, and As my hon. Friend the Member for Stoke-on-Trent I am afraid that I do not recognise the nirvana that the North said, we want a proper definition of sustainable hon. Gentleman is painting. Instead, we had central development, a return of the “brownfield first”policy—we Government diktat telling us what to do and where do welcome the Minister’s elongated U-turn on that—the it, deciding that communities that wanted to grow could dropping of the default “yes” when a plan is out of date not grow and making us put housing where local people or silent, a recognition of the intrinsic value of the did not want it. That was the reality under the previous unprotected countryside, not just green belt, that covers Government’s planning policy. so much of England, and a return to the “town centre first” policy and, with it, the sequential policy. All those Tristram Hunt: I know that Government Members decisions would benefit our constituents, who want not do not believe in fact-based discussion, but the reality is only urban regeneration in Stoke-on-Trent but the that under the previous Government’s planning policy, protection of the Staffordshire moorlands and the towns we saw an increase in house building, increasing and villages surrounding it. densification and growing numbers in Manchester, As you know, Mr Deputy Speaker, next year marks Liverpool, Newcastle and Bristol—I do not know about the centenary of the death of Octavia Hill, the founder the great urban centre of Tunbridge Wells, but perhaps of the National Trust—perhaps she was a left-wing there was an increase there as well. Weak planning does nihilist, although I doubt it. Instead, she believed in not deliver strong economic growth. good housing, vibrant cities and a natural environment 1123 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1124

[Tristram Hunt] It is a fact, regrettable in many ways, that we shall need fewer shop units in the coming years. Let me give an “for the enjoyment, refreshment, and rest of those who have no example from my constituency.The entrance to Cleethorpes, country house, but who need, from time to time, this outlook over that beautiful seaside resort on the east coast, is to some the fair land which is their inheritance as Englishmen”. extent blighted by a drive through an area containing I hope that we now have a Government who believe the parade after parade of shops, many of which are empty. same. Many others serve local needs, but the fact remains that we need fewer of them, and we certainly need policies 3.9 pm that will allow those areas to regenerate themselves. I Martin Vickers (Cleethorpes) (Con): As others have was pleased to note that the NPPF mentioned the need observed, this is a good debate which raises issues that to remove “barriers to investment”. That is one of the go to the heart of our communities. I pay tribute to the key developments that I hope will result from the way in which the Minister has battled through the last implementation of the Government’s plans. few months. He has taken quite a battering from some Reference has been made to the need to speed up the rather hysterical media reporting, most of which has system. Local plans and development frameworks take been full of misinformation. an age to proceed from A to Z. Reference has also been I spent 26 years as a local councillor. During that made to consultation. Yes, we need consultation, because time, like many other Members, I fought battles both we need that bottom-up feedback from local people, for and against certain developments. I also spent six but we must recognise that plans need to be determined years as a cabinet member whose responsibilities included quickly. Along with my hon. Friend the Member for everything from roads to rubbish to licensing tattooists, Brigg and Goole (Andrew Percy), who represents a and also included planning policy. A very successful neighbouring constituency, I have spent much time over coalition controlled the council—a Conservative-Liberal the past year trying to overcome the barriers to a major Democrat coalition, I should add. development in our area, caused partly by the fact that the overall process does not recognise the commercial I realised during that time that the planning system pressures on potential investors to meet needs in the was a hindrance to the development that is so desperately face of competing areas and, in some instances, competing needed in many parts of my constituency, but protection countries. Speed is also essential for those who oppose is also needed: there has to be a balance. My constituency developments. A week or so ago we debated High Speed includes parts of the Humber estuary, a site of special 2 and the possibility that areas could be blighted for scientific interest, and is on the edge of the Lincolnshire many years while waiting for decisions to be taken. wolds, an area of outstanding natural beauty. Of course Both sides need urgency, therefore. I welcome the protection that will remain in place for those areas, but my constituency also includes town The transition period is a concern, and I hope the centres, and they need to be protected as well. Barton- Minister will spell out how areas without local plans in upon-Humber, for instance, is a beautiful market town place will be dealt with. Many Members have also asked with many Georgian buildings, but like all market towns about the definition of sustainable. It is one of those it suffers from empty shops on the high streets. warm and cuddly words that we are all supposed to hug to ourselves, because none of us wants our local papers Henry Smith (Crawley) (Con): Does my hon. Friend to report that we support unsustainable development or not agree that the best people to decide which areas in a want an unsustainable economy. We do need a proper given part of the country need protection and which definition of sustainable, however, and I ask the Minister need development, whether they are town centres or to supply one. parts of the surrounding countryside, are local people? Is it not because local people have been cut out of the Andrew Percy: We should pay tribute to those councillors planning process that so few houses have been built who are leading on sustainability and community-led where they need to be built, while houses have been plans. As my hon. Friend knows, in our area, North built in areas which local people would like to be Lincolnshire council—the only council to pass from protected? Labour control to Tory control in May—has already established proper mechanisms to get communities up Martin Vickers: I entirely agree, but none of the and running and to get community plans written up so measures for which I am arguing would take power we have them in place for when this transition happens. away from local people. I spent most of my quarter of a We should pay tribute to our hard-working councillors. century as a councillor bemoaning the fact that central Government were telling us to do this, that and the Martin Vickers: My hon. Friend, who is rapidly becoming other, and not allowing us to note what local people the intervener-in-chief on the Government Benches, were saying. I believe that the system that is evolving makes a welcome contribution to the debate, and I will feature widespread consultation from the bottom heartily support what he says, of course. up, and—I hope—the making of final decisions by Despite the few caveats I have mentioned, I elected and accountable local authorities rather than wholeheartedly support what the Government are doing, distant planning inspectors. The more we are able to and the sooner they get on with it, the better. ensure that decisions are made locally, the more communities will be shaped in a manner of which local people approve. 3.17 pm On the importance of maintaining the vitality of Gavin Shuker (Luton South) (Lab/Co-op): I represent town centres, as was mentioned by my hon. Friend the Luton South and live in south-east England, where Member for The Cotswolds (Geoffrey Clifton-Brown), there is a great and pressing need for affordable housing. shopping habits have changed and continue to change. I am sad about the demise of the regional spatial 1125 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1126 strategies, but I appreciate that other Members do not maintain those protections. The chief executive of the share my opinion, and I recognise that they will not be Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Mike Clarke, reintroduced any time soon. They did, however, put in has stated: place a requirement for local authorities to work together “One thing the final plans must state clearly is protection from to solve their housing needs. development for some of the nation’s finest wildlife sites—those areas designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest. We have Martin Horwood: Regional spatial strategies did not received legal advice this week which suggests that the proposals encourage local authorities to work together; they imposed as they stand will weaken protection for these areas.” things from on high. The south-west RSS took six years, cost £10 million to develop, was never implemented Sheryll Murray (South East Cornwall) (Con): Does and attracted 35,000 objections. the hon. Gentleman not agree that SSSIs and areas of outstanding natural beauty result from environmental Gavin Shuker: That highlights the point I have just legislation, not the planning process? made: Members have different opinions. I regularly knock on doors in my constituency and find people Gavin Shuker: I am not entirely clear on the hon. living in the most terrible circumstances, with private Lady’s point. landlords taking advantage of them. I am torn about whether to report that to a housing department, as I know that there is such limited housing stock. It is Sheryll Murray: We are discussing the NPPF, which therefore worth looking at different areas in different I understand will not do anything about the existing ways. SSSIs and AONBs. There is a quiet crisis in housing across the south-east in particular, but also in other areas. I am certainly not Gavin Shuker: I am happy to clear that up for the opposed to simplifying the planning system; one of our hon. Lady, as I do not believe that is the case. The jobs as Members of Parliament is to simplify things. NPPF does not abolish any of those things, but the However, to slim down a 1,000-page brain surgery RSPB, which has taken independent legal advice, has manual, as it were, to just 60 pages is not the best way to suggested that it might “weaken protection” for those proceed. The best way to proceed is to say that we want areas. For that reason, it is incredibly important that we to have more housing and more localism, and that we get this right, as Members on both sides of the House want people to have choices in decisions affecting their would want to make sure that the best protections are in own constituencies and communities. We want to do place. that sensibly, however, which is why this debate has been In a former life—if it is indeed possible to have a very good so far. former life after only 18 months in this House—I shadowed Many of today’s speeches have been wish lists of on forestry for the Opposition. I have concerns about various items about which people are concerned, and the effect of this framework on forests. We know that mine will be no different. I have specific concerns about DEFRA has made a forced U-turn on the issue and we a number of areas and I hope that the Minister will are all awaiting the findings of the interim report by respond to them consensually at the end of the debate. Bishop James Jones on forestry in the next few months. I am concerned that the presumed “yes”, which does My first concern relates to sustainable development, not apply to ancient woodland—that is a good move about which we have heard from Members on both and we are very positive about it—applies to other sides of the House. I have counted four or perhaps five woodland. We have particular concerns about the effect possible definitions of “sustainable development”published on areas such as the Forest of Dean. Normally, we grow either by this Government or previous ones. I have trees, chop them down and then allow them to grow shadowed the Department for Environment, Food and back, but the areas left fallow may be subjected to the Rural Affairs team and seen sustainability go from conditional “yes”—the presumed “yes”—to sustainable being the sole remit of one Department to being development. It is very important that we examine that mainstreamed. The Department for Communities and in more detail. Local Government has been one of the major winners from that. As I have shadowed the DEFRA team, I One other area of particular interest to my constituents know that DCLG has probably scored more points and to those of many hon. Members is protecting against DEFRA than Labour Members have, and that village and town greens. I live in a constituency that has applies on various things, including bin taxes. There is one of the highest population densities in the country. uncertainty about “sustainable development” and its We know that it is important that we do not just have definition, and it is important that the body of this urban sprawl and that green areas and green spaces policy framework defines incredibly clearly what that is. need to be protected in our towns. I welcome the Brundtland’s work obviously provides a good starting protections for green areas and green spaces, but to ask point, but the tighter the definition the easier it will local communities to get together to raise the money to become for planning applications to go through and for protect those spaces—the consultation suggested it could us not to end up with things in court for six or seven cost £1,000 just to get the process started—might not be years when the definition could be clearly set out from the best possible way to proceed. the start. If we want more affordable housing, we need Let me turn to a few other areas of the legislation. I to be clear and exact in our definitions—that is a great was pleased to hear the Minister’s warm words on place to start. brownfield. I hope he will define it more clearly as time The Attlee Government enacted sites of special scientific goes on and give us the opportunity to respond on his interest in the National Parks and Access to the Countryside reworded NPPF on brownfield sites. We understand Act 1949, and we have been clear about wanting to that brownfield is important; last year 76% of homes 1127 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1128

[Gavin Shuker] for some councillors and I am sure it was far easier when Ministers took the flak, but the new way must be built across the country were on brownfield sites. The right. It is what I and many colleagues campaigned on policy was working well, so we need to be careful if we for many years before entering this House and I want to tinker with it. be clear in saying today that I still believe in localism—and In summary, I want development. I want to see more Father Christmas. affordable homes and I want to see people living with Since publication of the NPPF in August, there has what they deserve in a country that, despite the current been clarification of the strength of feeling on the issue austerity, remains one of the richest in the world—that in my constituency.I agree with the coalition Government’s is, a decent home, a decent job and green and pleasant commitment to decentralising power and making the space to enjoy wherever they live, whether it is the planning process more accessible. I pay tribute to the countryside or the town. There is a difference, however, Minister of State, Department for Communities and between brevity and clarity in the planning framework, Local Government, my right hon. Friend the Member as my right hon. Friend the Member for Greenwich and for Tunbridge Wells (Greg Clark), who I have known Woolwich (Mr Raynsford) pointed out. In the rush to for many years and who brings an enormous amount of brevity, we must not overlook the need for clarity, which personal credibility to this subject. I know that he wants is the best way of ensuring that planning decisions are to get this right for all our sakes. taken in a timely fashion and in the right way. I think that my constituents want their councillors In my area, the local core strategy is split between and community groups to use the planning system for two different areas—Central Bedfordshire and Luton—that, properly planned growth in their neighbourhoods and, regrettably, could not agree on the local plan. Central equally, to protect what they hold dear about them. Bedfordshire has adopted its plan, but Luton remains Somewhere, the process of localism has stumbled in unprotected against predatory and subjective applications. recent months and it has not yet secured the confidence I hope that the transitional arrangements will ensure of the many highly informed organisations and individuals that local authorities are given time to put core strategies in my constituency, such as the Alresford society, the and local plans in place to protect their areas. Otherwise, city of Winchester trust and the Winchester city residents my fear is that we will not deliver on the promise on association, to name just a few groups. Among the very which we were elected to this House—to ensure that thoughtful and sensible individuals who regularly bring people have decent homes, decent jobs and a pleasant their many years of experience to their local Member of environment to enjoy. Parliament, two names that spring to mind are Keith Storey and Bob Howland—and I thank them for that. 3.26 pm The NPPF presents an opportunity, when the Mr Steve Brine (Winchester) (Con): It is a pleasure to Government respond to their consultation, to replace what follow the hon. Member for Luton South (Gavin Shuker), I see as qualified localism with a purer form of localism. as always. The subject of planning and development, Paragraph 48 of the NPPF sets out the requirement to and more recently the national planning policy framework, meet matters a great deal to my constituents in Winchester “unmet requirements from neighbouring authorities where it is and Chandler’s Ford—and that is an understatement. If practical to do so”. I was in any doubt about that fact, the past few months, I have to say that deep unease about this has been as the ministerial team knows, have clarified matters conveyed to me locally. Winchester city council has somewhat. undertaken a great deal of cross-boundary work, through At the end of September, we had the long-awaited the development of joint studies, where there are common decision of the Secretary of State in response to the issues to be explored, and it is an active partner in the planning inspector’s recommendation for 2,000 homes partnership for urban south Hampshire, known as PUSH. on the now infamous Barton Farm site, owned by It is rightly concerned, and has expressed its concerns to CALA Homes. In the words of the Secretary of State in me, that local authorities are not likely to be able or his decision document, willing to provide for the development requirements of “a decision to grant planning permission is likely to undermine a neighbouring local authority and that it is an unreasonable the process of Blueprint which is clearly an important policy requirement for local unmet needs to be picked up by objective for Winchester and, as the Inspector notes, the community neighbouring authorities. has contributed considerable time and effort to this process”. That is called localism and I have no doubt whatsoever Paragraph 109 contains the requirement to provide that had that decision been taken by a Secretary of an additional 20% of specific deliverable sites within State in the previous Government, it would have been a five-year housing supply to allow for choice and rubber-stamped and once again key decisions affecting competition. There has been much talk about that this my constituents would have been taken over their heads. afternoon. The NPPF should make it clear that the identification of sites for housing and the maintenance It would have been quite wrong for the planning of a rolling supply is a monitoring issue rather than a inspector, or even the Secretary of State, to make the development target. The 20% addition is unnecessary decision and it has now returned to where it should and should go. always have been—in the hands of democratically elected local councillors. As I have made clear many times, There has been much focus on the now iconic phrase localism does not mean saying no any more than it “presumption in favour of sustainable development”. means an automatic yes. It simply means a local decision, I find this slightly odd because there is and always has taken by local people, with a clear and transparent been a presumption that an application will receive evidence base, in the local interest and—this is the key planning permission unless it is contrary to national or point—by local politicians who are accountable at the local planning policies. If it is refused, clear “material” ballot box. That might be an uncomfortable position reasons for the refusal must be given. That is where we 1129 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1130 have been for many years. However, to require “sustainable” an MP, I was a councillor in Lewisham and had development assumes that this is a black-and-white responsibility for regeneration. I worked with planners, issue and that a development is either sustainable or with developers and with the community, and I can say not. The criteria used to assess sustainable development that in some ways it was the best job of my life and in in the NPPF, and in the Localism Bill, cover economic, others the worst. social and environmental issues. If the NPPF is to I know how controversial planning applications can promote the concept of sustainable development—and be, and I know how fiercely people will defend their I know that that is the wish—it should set out a clear own interests. There is nothing wrong with that, but definition with a list of desirable factors that need to be someone, somewhere has to take a decision about the satisfied. As the city of Winchester trust says in its wider interests of the community, and indeed the wider response to the consultation, and as it has said to me, interests of the country. Sometimes that will fall to the word “sustainable” is used so many times in the councillors, but sometimes the responsibility will stop draft document that it comes across more as a brand at the door of the Government. I have a real concern than as a matter of substance. Town and country planning that on the evidence of the past 18 months this Government is, in the trust’s view, a discipline that is based on are not up to the task. They want to wash their hands of weighing up all the material issues, and then making a the task of setting out a vision of where in the country judgment. The trust goes on to say that there should be new homes will be built and where new jobs will be a presumption in favour of development that complies created. They talk about sustainable development but with adopted national and local planning policy—and fail to provide an adequate definition. They hide behind I have to say that its Member of Parliament agrees. a smokescreen of empowering communities through Paragraph 165 of the NPPF states that local plans neighbourhood plans, but then use the planning system should allocate, first, as a political football to justify the lack of economic “land with the least environmental or amenity value”. growth. I think that Ministers feel that this is the way in which In my view, the planning system is a vital tool in the NPPF says “brownfield first”, but we do not have the helping to create places where people want to live. luxury of subtlety. If that is what we mean, we should say so and be clear in the document. My reading of the NPPF shows an inconsistency between Henry Smith: Will not the hon. Lady concede that the desire for what it calls “succinct Local Plans” and during the last decade and a bit of the previous the presumption in favour of sustainable development. Government, despite the massive top-down, centrally It states that planning permission should be granted planned housing targets, house building fell to its lowest where the plan is “absent, silent” or “indeterminate” on level since the 1920s? How does she reconcile those two a point. Surely, that will steer plan makers towards things? producing plans that deal with every eventuality to ensure that plans are not silent on, or fail to deal with, a Heidi Alexander: I know that the hon. Gentleman has possible development proposal. That suggests that local not been here for the whole debate. We have heard plans will need to be very detailed and comprehensive convincing evidence from a number of hon. Members rather than succinct. about how house building and, most importantly, the That leads me to another question: what are the building of affordable houses increased over the last transitional arrangements and will the Minister say decade. whether an emerging plan will have sufficient weight as emerging policy to ensure that my constituents are not I was setting out why I believe the planning system is wide open? Finally, will he confirm beyond doubt that so important. It is one of the only ways in which we can when a local plan is agreed and in place it has primacy? determine where to locate the things that we all need If it does not, we will have not the pure localism that but perhaps do not like, such as places to deal with our I mentioned, or even qualified localism, but localism rubbish and noisy hospitals with lots of traffic. It is also that does not mean very much at all. one of the only ways in which we can start to change how we live in the future. It is a simple fact that we need In conclusion, planning is, as the NPPF rightly says, fewer cars on our roads. That will happen only if the about a balance of economic, social and environmental jobs of tomorrow are located in places where public issues. Almost every correspondence I have had on the transport is good and if new homes are built in places subject has made the point that the repeated emphasis where people can walk to the shops. That is what on economic growth in the document creates a slightly sustainable development is about. It is not just about unbalanced document and ignores or understates the shiny bits of eco kit on buildings; it is about how we live other two considerations. It should be left to individual our lives. It is about investment in our town centres, local authorities to determine how much weight and making the most of brownfield land in our cities and emphasis should be given to economic considerations protecting those parts of the countryside that we all when framing their plans and taking decisions. So, I hold dear. make a simple plea that we should trust local people— I think the Minister is absolutely right and he knows The Government tell us that the planning system is a that I have campaigned alongside him on this for many brake on economic growth and that planners are the years—believe in localism in its truest form and let enemies of enterprise. That is rubbish. In 2010-11, people get on with the job. 86% of planning applications were approved, and 90% of commercial applications were approved. In London, 3.34 pm planning permission exists for 170,000 homes on which Heidi Alexander (Lewisham East) (Lab): I speak today work has yet to start. It is not the planning system that as someone who has spent four years of my life dealing is stopping those homes being built; it is the availability with the planning system in London. Before becoming of developer and mortgage finance. 1131 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1132

Nicky Morgan (Loughborough) (Con): The hon. Lady Heidi Alexander: I have given way several times, and I speaks of 86% of planning applications having been am conscious that many Members wish to speak. approved, but does she have information on how many The housing needs of my constituents in Lewisham times those applicants have been round the block? In are not going to be met in Lewisham alone. If every my experience, what tends to happen is that people house built in Lewisham over the next 10 years was an apply once, get refused and have to apply again, having affordable home—and I mean genuinely affordable—we changed something. That is what we mean by a brake would still not solve our housing crisis. There has to a that is slowing the process. Government plan to deal with this. There is not, and on the basis of the NPPF, I fear that the problem will just Heidi Alexander: I do not have the figures that the get worse. hon. Lady requests, but I was about to go on to say that I question the usefulness of a document that contains we need to look at more than planning policy; we need stronger stipulations about the habitats of birds than it to look at the planning process. That may address one does on say, housing for the elderly. There is a one-word of the issues that she touches on. reference to the way in which councils should take into I accept that it can take a long time to get planning account the housing needs of older people, compared applications approved, but we have to make sure that with a very clear statement about sites protected under there are enough resources in council planning departments the birds and habitats directives. I am not against the to deal with applications speedily and sort out, at the inclusion of clear guidance on bird habitats, but I am against outset, some of the problems to which the hon. Lady the absence of clear guidance on planning for the enormous refers. We all know that council and, indeed, planning demographic challenges that our country faces. department budgets are coming under huge pressure as Before I conclude, I should like to touch on the a result of the Government’s austerity programme. apparent contradiction between the NPPF and the We also have to look at perceptions of the planning Government’s supposed commitment to giving local system and do more to encourage developers and planners people more say over what happens in their neighbourhood. to work more collaboratively. I say this as a politician: During our deliberations on the Localism Bill, I said that one of the biggest frustrations for developers is the neighbourhood plans would serve to stoke up communities’ politics in all this, such as the planning application that expectations about their ability to say “no”to development gets stuck in a council a year before an election and is in their area—a nimby’s charter. However, according to not decided. A whole range of issues impact on problems the Government, the default answer to development with the planning system. The Government are wrong should be yes. How can the two be compatible? to look at planning policy on its own, and it is wrong I put it to the Government that they have over-hyped to assume that a slimline version of the NPPF is the localism. Neighbourhood plans have been sold on a answer to the country’s economic woes. false prospectus. They will not deliver power to communities It is wrong to assume, too, that just because the to define the sort of development that they want to see NPPF is much shorter than previous planning guidance in their area, as neighbourhood plans have generally to it is any clearer—a point that has been made in our conform with the council’s strategic plan, which in turn debate. There is a real danger that the NPPF is a blank must be consistent with the NPPF requirements on cheque for planning lawyers. As Simon Jenkins pointed meeting housing need. The only way neighbourhood out when he gave evidence to the Select Committee on plans will work is if communities ask for lots and lots of Communities and Local Government this week, the new homes to be built. They may well do so in Tunbridge document is littered with adverbs. On the basis of the Wells, but that is not my experience in Lewisham. NPPF, developers can argue for “acceptable” returns. In conclusion, the Government appear to have a laudable Acceptable to whom? Something that is acceptable to “consensus” view of planning. They believe that local me is probably very different from something that is people, working with local authorities, will ultimately acceptable to the chairman of a big house-builder. The deliver plans that meet the needs of the nation as a document refers to the fact that councils can refuse whole. I am not so sure that they will. Planning is applications where the adverse affects “significantly” ultimately a mechanism to resolve fierce competition and “demonstrably” outweigh the benefits. If ever there over a finite resource. Judgments must be made in a was a word for lawyers to fight over, surely “significantly” balanced way, and consideration must be given to the is it. The document is sloppy and ambiguous, and it environment and society, as much as to the economy. could have a raft of unintended consequences. Planning policy and guidance has a role to play in My other main concern about the NPPF relates to setting out how those decisions are taken. Yes, planning whether it does enough to address some of the big policy could and should be streamlined, but let us not challenges that we face as country. Let us take the throw the baby out with the bathwater. As a local civic example of affordable housing. The framework does amenities society in my constituency, the Culverley away with previous targets for the amount of affordable green residents association, stated in an e-mail to me housing that should be provided by developers when this week: they are building schemes where the majority of homes “Revision is a reasonable option but a bonfire is not.” are for sale on the open market. It is left to councils to decide whether they have such targets. It is the same for Several hon. Members rose— the threshold for when any affordable housing requirement must kick in: local councils can decide. That is not to Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Nigel Evans): Order. To mention the issue of what constitutes “affordable housing”, accommodate more Members, the time limit on speeches or how housing requirements are properly assessed. is being reduced to five minutes. That is a ceiling, so Members should not feel that it is necessary to fill the Mark Pawsey: Will the hon. Lady give way? five minutes, as others wish to speak. 1133 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1134

3.45 pm them the opportunity to put their local plans in place as quickly as possible by allowing a transitional period in Mr Marcus Jones (Nuneaton) (Con): Thank you, which they can do that. I welcome the comments that Mr Deputy Speaker, for giving me the opportunity to the Minister made on that this afternoon. contribute to today’s debate, which holds great significance for my constituents. I want to explain why I support the Government’s general approach in the draft NPPF and David Tredinnick (Bosworth) (Con): Will my hon. point to areas where I think it could be honed and Friend give way? improved. If the Government take on those suggestions, it might allay some of my constituents’ current concerns. Mr Marcus Jones: I am sorry; unfortunately, because To do that, we need to assess where we are coming from, of the time I have left, I cannot give way. with regard to the current planning system, and to Local plans must be based on up-to-date local evidence; consider where the proposals will lead our communities they must not be predicated just on figures hanging and how our communities will engage in the planning around from the RSS if they are not appropriate to the process in future. local community. I hope that the inspectors who check The current system—the previous Government’s those plans and the evidence base in them will look at approach—was quite simple: there were top-down targets, truly local evidence, and do so with a fresh set of eyes, with the Government deciding numbers, and local people not through regional spatial strategy-tinted spectacles. could decide where to impose the Government’s will. I fear that, if the Government do not make sure of that, It was a classic “Government knows best” approach. I it will come back to haunt many of our communities. applaud the current Government on their approach of freeing up local communities to set their own course and allowing them to set a local vision. It gives local 3.50 pm people a real say in planning that vision and more Graham Jones (Hyndburn) (Lab): There have been control over their own destiny, which I think is incumbent many good contributions today, and many points have on a Government led by the Conservative party. been made, but in the short time that we have been It will be a day of liberation when the Localism Bill squeezed into I want to focus on some issues in Hyndburn. receives Royal Assent and the ghastly regional spatial First, the north is not the south, and one cap does not strategies, which many of my constituents have feared fit all. The pressure in the national planning policy for years, disappear. However, I fear that before we get framework to build, and the under-supply of housing in planning liberation several of the local communities I the south which is driving that, will simply cause problems represent might be caught with unwanted developments in Hyndburn. as a result of a lack of coherence in the planning Secondly, the framework document exists in a vacuum, strategy of the Labour-controlled Nuneaton and Bedworth ignoring other Government policies on sustainable borough council, where contradictory assessments of communities, health outcomes and the effects of brownfield housing need have already lead to one unwanted sites in areas such as mine, which are of predominantly development being imposed by the Planning Inspectorate. low value and experience low demand. The consequences We must also recognise that although locally based of concentrating development on those sites will be planning is vital, for consistency of approach we also detrimental. need a strong national framework. I am encouraged by the draft NPPF that the Government have put before us Gavin Shuker: Does my hon. Friend agree that the and by their intention to balance the important concept complexity he mentions is a primary reason why, when of local planning with the fact that we are all living the framework comes back to the House, we need a full, longer, more of us want to live apart than together and affirmative vote on it ? that we all need those homes for our children for the future, which is a major concern in many constituencies. Graham Jones: Yes, I do, and that was a very good The draft NPPF cuts the current guidance down to intervention. size and puts it into a format that can be understood not only by planners in town halls, but by the communities Given that this is a housing supply-side problem, I we all serve. It is clear that if people put their local plans have every sympathy with the Government’s presumption in place and get all their ducks in a row, based on clear in favour of sustainable development, and they are evidence, their communities will be protected from attempting to achieve what the previous Government speculative developers and the will of the Planning also tried. Inspectorate. It is clear that the local plan will hold Parts of the national planning policy framework are primacy. However, I have some suggestions for the to be welcomed, particularly the removal of brownfield Government. targets for housing; the protection of community facilities First, the NPPF contains a carrot-and-stick approach; in inner-urban areas; green space designation, which the presumption in favour of sustainable development the hon. Member for Hertsmere (Mr Clappison) mentioned being the stick, and the fact that the presumption will and which should be used as a tool to green our towns not be effective if an evidenced-based plan is in place and cities; and the issue of Traveller sites, which I do not being the carrot. The Government must honour that wish to go into but do support. principle, because some planning authorities are more advanced in putting together their local plans than Mrs Glindon: My hon. Friend mentions several things others. We cannot have an indefinite and open-ended that could be included in the document, but many hon. situation in which local authorities decide not to put Members have said that empty housing should be included local plans in place, but I think that we should give more forcefully. Does my hon. Friend agree? 1135 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1136

Graham Jones: Absolutely.My hon. Friend has obviously sits in a policy vacuum where it has no relation to, and seen an advance copy of my speech. works against, the objectives of other Government The planning document is crude, and I want to Departments. highlight some of its failings, which I hope the Minister Health inequalities are widening. The Prime Minister’s will consider. I accept that in some areas of the south happiness index would do well to reflect the national there is an insufficient availability of housing land, but I planning policy framework as regards some of these do not want to say any more about the southern dilemma. sites. If the Government are serious about putting forth I want to reflect on why the framework will not work in an agenda of improving the health of our people, they Hyndburn and some of the old industrial towns of the must resist the further crowding of densely populated north. urban areas by brownfield developmental pressure. A In the document, there are two particular spatial free-for-all urban infill based on gross housing need planning failures. The first is on empty homes, and it simply will not work in my constituency. was raised by the hon. Members for Castle Point (Rebecca To put that in perspective, 60% of the terraced houses Harris), for Colne Valley (Jason McCartney) and for in my constituency sit cheek by jowl with old unwanted The Cotswolds (Geoffrey Clifton-Brown), and by my industrial sites. For the past 20 years, I have lived in one hon. Friends the Members for North Tyneside and for of the most deprived wards where, as one would expect, Stoke-on-Trent Central (Tristram Hunt). The issue clearly there are all the social problems that the Government has cross-party support, but there is nothing substantial wish to address. We must resist a “brownfield first” about it in the NPPF. There should be, and we should presumption of development of such former industrial do more about it. In my constituency there are 2,500 empty sites. One of those in my neighbourhood stands out as a homes, and those properties must be part of any housing particularly good example, as it is turned over to housing. consideration. The national planning policy must include It is surrounded by old Victorian property that sells for a presumption—of first preference, I would argue—that £40,000 per house. Many properties have been boarded they are brought back into use. Brownfield and greenfield up or are empty; most of the remainder are in the hands sites should be somewhat secondary. of landlords who do not really care much for the area. The national planning policy framework also takes a I am sure that hon. Members understand the issues. The blanket view on sustainable development. Unmanaged pressure to release the brownfield site resulted in a sustainable development will not abate the over-supply successful housing application to build what can only of housing in my constituency but exacerbate the problem. be described as the slums of tomorrow. No one is willing to develop a former industrial site in a poor area Secondly, there is the issue of old factory sites in my with five-bedroom luxury homes and open space, and constituency and the gaping hole in the definition of the national planning policy framework will not prevent sustainability, which my hon. Friend the Member for that from continuing. I hope that the Minister will Sheffield South East (Mr Betts) mentioned. “Sustainability” address my concerns. is quite a loose word in the document, and I am concerned about that, because it does not recognise some of the 3.57 pm important aspects of sustainable communities which go beyond housing. Put simply, inner-urban brownfield Damian Collins (Folkestone and Hythe) (Con): We development can be a disaster for poor and deprived have learned this afternoon of the momentous news communities, and there is a case in some areas for a from Libya of the death of Colonel Gaddafi. On Sunday, policy of no more urban infill. We need a framework the European Heads of Government meet to consider that alleviates the problems of an ageing stock where the eurozone crisis, and we have our own debate on this there is de-population, a static population or sufficient issue on Monday. Parliament often considers these great housing. matters of state and international affairs, but often our Hyndburn is a constituency where 89% of people live work as Members of Parliament is more drawn to the in an urban area, and in many neighbourhoods there is issues that we have covered in today’s debate. Planning a lack of open space and recreational areas. As hon. issues that shape people’s lives and communities are the Members are probably aware, it has row after row of bread and butter of our work as Members of Parliament terraced housing sitting by derelict former mills and and the work of this House. It is a timely debate, and it factories, now classed as brownfield sites, for which has been interesting and illuminating to hear from housing planning permission is frequently sought. It colleagues from all around the country of their own comes as no surprise that Hyndburn has one of the experiences of planning. I will also draw briefly on my lowest rates of physical activity for adults in England. It own experiences. has consistently been in the lowest 25% of all localities There has been much reference to the position of the as regards adults having 30 minutes of physical activity National Trust as against that of the Government. The three times a week. Consequently, it has poor and/or National Trust’s manifesto for planning states: chronic health statistics. The impact of this national “Effective planning should promote good development, which planning policy framework on health and lifestyle contributes to prosperity and growth.” inequalities cannot be underestimated. I think that every one of us would agree with that. It is The previous “brownfield first” presumption on which totally consistent with the policies set out by the much of this debate focuses favours the rich and privileged Government and with having planning based on good on the urban fringes and works against the urban local plans that include a sound assessment of local poor. It is not fair to maintain an expectation that the economic need and of the needs of local individuals. poor who neighbour many old brownfield sites should Some of the remarks by Labour Members have presented shoulder the burden of housing development. It is no us with a false dilemma and a false challenge that is not wonder that the gap between the rich and the poor is borne out by people’s experience. It is suggested that widening when the national planning policy framework development would take place in urban centres only if it 1137 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1138 were required and incentivised by the Government, and look again to see if there is the flexibility to revisit the that development out of urban areas is unnecessary and way in which such regulations are imposed. Communities promoted only because it may be cheap and expedient. change, and the nature of regulations may no longer Those of us who represent urban and rural communities suit the needs of the local economy and community. We are aware that such development can be a very important should always keep a vigilant eye on that. trigger for bringing in investment and helping to stimulate the local economy. That applies just as much to small rural villages and seaside towns, such as Folkestone in 4.2 pm my constituency, as to major urban centres. Nigel Mills (Amber Valley) (Con): It is a pleasure to Over a number of years, Labour and Conservative speak in this debate. When I was first elected as an MP, Governments have pursued a strategy of urban and one of the older hands advised me to steer clear of civic renewal and many of our major cities have benefitted planning applications and leave them to councillors from that consensus. However, we should also consider because we have no power over them. I have singularly the need for development in rural communities, such as failed to follow that instruction, but then I have had two the villages in the middle of Romney Marsh in my open-cast mines, a gasification plant and consultations constituency. I had a meeting with representatives of on various supermarkets to deal with in my constituency. Newchurch parish council, which is right in the middle It has not been an issue that I could have kept out of. of Romney Marsh. They expressed their frustration Seven years as a district councillor taught me that the that they had been blocked in trying to get planning planning system is far too complex and that neither permission for a small amount of rural development in local people nor developers really get what they want. the village which might have made the community more We tend to get a nationally enforced plan with a nationally sustainable. People with rural constituencies will be enforced target. The council then sets a local plan and familiar with such planning concerns. turns down applications on valid planning grounds, but It has been suggested in this debate that the regional then the inspectors approve them anyway. That is the spatial strategies ensured that a certain amount of housing worst of all worlds. What we want is clarity so that development took place, and that without them it simply everyone can understand what should be approved and would not have happened. However, many Members what should not. If something is turned down validly, will be aware that the local authorities in their constituencies the decision ought to stick. have been keen to pursue a strategy for growth. Shepway I want to discuss two issues: the green belt and mineral district council, which covers 90% of my constituency, planning. The last thing that any of us wants is to lose has set growth plans for housing that exceed the levels any green belt, which is so valuable to our communities. set in the regional spatial strategies. It understands that One thing that is certain is that once it is gone, it is sensible and sustainable development can play an important unlikely to ever come back. There is one encouraging role in stimulating the local economy. When that is remark in the draft framework in paragraph 137: welcomed by the community, it should be welcomed by “Once established, Green Belt boundaries should only be all. I think that people realise that. altered in exceptional circumstances.” The new homes bonus is helpful because it gives local I wholeheartedly agree with that. Green belt should be authorities a means of compensating a local community changed only where it absolutely has to be. I urge my and addressing the concerns that it may have about the local council to bear that in mind as it looks at options dilution of the quality of local services because of for future housing development. additional development. That is money that councils can control. For a district authority, a development of David Tredinnick: Does my hon. Friend agree that we even several thousand housing units over a number of also have to protect green wedges and agricultural blocks years could bring a substantial reward to the local to avoid urban communities coming together? That is community in investment. the case in Hinckley, in my Leicestershire constituency. Development can also support the delivery of local services, particularly the roll-out of broadband services, Nigel Mills: I am grateful to my hon. Friend and which are often a complaint in more remote parts of the reiterate that point. One of the key advantages for the country. The investment from the developer that comes green belt set out in the framework is that communities into the community can help the roll-out and expansion will be prevented from being merged and our distinct of broadband services and other services. There is a lot historic communities will be maintained. When there that we can commend. have been threats to the green belt in my constituency in I will touch on one aspect of planning policy and of recent years, either real or rumoured, the local people major infrastructure planning policy in particular that have come together strongly to fight the loss. I have seen has affected my constituency: the planning of new that in the village of Shipley with the Hardy Barn nuclear planning stations. The previous Government development, with the threats to the old American were remiss in not allowing local economic decisions to Adventure site and with the Lodge House open-cast be considered in the site-specific report. In my constituency, mine in Smalley, which was sadly approved last week. a new power station at Dungeness would have been of There are matters still to be decided in Heage and in the considerable benefit to the local economy. It has been villages around the Cinderhill development, where the held back because of planning restraints to do with council removed some green-belt land to try to encourage nature conservation on the site around the power station. the cleaning up of an old, contaminated site. It would be welcome if the Government revisited those More recently, in Ripley, the council has consulted on regulations. They are largely based on European law. In whether to sell land for another supermarket. I strongly this case, they are not welcomed by the community and welcome the framework’s stating that if councils are have put a barrier on development at the site. We should willing to consider out-of-town development such as 1139 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1140

[Nigel Mills] 4.8 pm supermarkets, they need to bear in mind the damage Mr Sam Gyimah (East Surrey) (Con): The Minister is that would be done to existing shops in the town centre quite familiar with my constituency, given that he has not just for a short period but for 10 years, when the been kind enough to speak to members of my association supermarket grows and gets more popular. That is a number of times, so it will come as no surprise to him especially important because these days supermarkets when I say that I have received more than 130 letters on sell not just food but newspapers, books and clothes the NPPF, or that more than four organisations in my and have a pharmacy, a mobile phone shop and an constituency have contributed to the consultation. As optician. Almost nothing in a town centre can compete he is aware, it is in a part of the country where people if there is a supermarket like that. are focused on shaping the places in which they live and building their communities. They are doing that in The key thing for the Government now is to get the many parts of the country, as the right hon. Member emphasis right and ensure that the green belt is strongly for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) said earlier. protected by the framework. That should come right at the start of the plan. We should say, “Okay, we have a In the brief time available to me I want to focus on presumption in favour of sustainable development, but just two points. However, I would like first to thank my we also have a strong presumption against development right hon. Friend the Minister for agreeing to meet the in the green belt.” We do not want councils to reduce organisations in my constituency that are concerned the size of the green belt when they set their local plans. about the NPPF.They include Tandridge district council, I wish to mention mineral extraction. It is worth CPRE Tandridge, CPRE Surrey, the Oxted and Limpsfield reiterating that what we put in the framework is what residents group, Reigate and Banstead council, Nutfield developers will quote when they submit their planning residents association and Woldingham parish council, applications, and they will want decisions to be enforced which are just a few of those that we could fit into one based on it. If councils try to go beyond what is in it, meeting. I thank my right hon. Friend for being open to there will be a real risk of successful appeal. I strongly meeting them. believe that we have the balance wrong on mineral Although I understand the need to simplify the planning extraction. The section on minerals states first, in paragraph system, the need for house building, the need for localism 103, that “significant weight” must be given to and the need to stimulate growth, my main consideration “the benefits of the mineral extraction”, is the core strategy and how it will work. We have had a but then paragraph 106 states that there is a presumption core strategy in Tandridge district council since 2008, against the extraction of coal. I would have thought and many hours have been spent developing it. The that that presumption against it should come right at main concern now is that the transitional provisions the start, so that we all know we are starting from that would still leave a period of uncertainty, so why do we point, especially in the case of green-belt sites. Then we not let the core strategies, in which so much time has could consider circumstances in which that presumption been invested, be tested out there, rather than completely could be overturned and approval granted, so conditions overruling them? could be set to ensure that excessive damage was not done to people living near the sites in question. Nicky Morgan: My hon. Friend is making a powerful That is where it gets complicated for a council assessing argument. He started by talking about how many of his applications. There is no guidance in the draft framework constituents care very much about this issue. Does he on what noise levels are acceptable at such sites. There is agree that it is therefore a great shame that although we a comment that when a site is started, a noise level that have heard some powerful speeches from the Opposition, is not generally acceptable may occur, because it is there now appear to be just three Opposition Members unavoidable given the blasting needed to set the site up. in the Chamber for this important debate? It may not be However, there is no comment on how long that noise a debate about matters of state, but as he knows, it is can go on or how excessive it may be. If I were the about an issue of great concern to all our constituents. applicant, I might think that six months was a short time for a four-year site, but if I were living next door Mr Gyimah: I thank my hon. Friend for her point, to it I might think that 30 minutes was far too long for which has been well noted in Hansard. excessive noise. It will be very hard for a council to interpret that provision if there is no national guidance. The concern about the core strategy is that developers Although I wholeheartedly support the need to slim might take councils to appeal on every planning application down the guidance, we need some clarity about what is because of the fact that their core strategies were developed and is not acceptable in that situation. in different times, when demands were different, and I refer Ministers to the private Member’s Bill on thus are not in line with the NPPF, which focuses open-cast mining separation zones, and to the amendments mainly on economic needs. I seek assurances from the that I tabled to the Localism Bill to try to ensure Minister on how consistent the transition period will separation. People need to be sure how close to their be with the core strategies that have been worked on for house a mine can be. A mine that was approved in my so long. constituency is just over 200 metres from someone’s My second principal point is that East Surrey is back door, which is far too close, especially given that 94% green belt, as he is aware. Again, I already know of open-cast mining was taken out of the neighbourhood two sites in Oxted that have been bought by developers planning process in the Localism Bill. Local communities in anticipation of the rules being relaxed. As they see it, have no protection against that. they will be able to develop on green-belt land, which is I conclude by saying that I wholeheartedly support causing a lot of anxiety among my constituents. My the simplification of the system but that some refinements suggestion for the Minister is that it might be better to the details are still needed. to incentivise developers to build on brownfield sites, 1141 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1142 because we already know where they are in our core policy across the country. As I understand it, that will strategy and that would cause less anxiety to my remain the position until local plans are updated to constituents. reflect the guidelines in the new NPPF. Those are my two principal points for the Minister. I Paragraph 26 of the document states: again thank him for being open to meeting the groups “It will be open to local planning authorities to seek a certificate that I have mentioned, but I would also like reassurance of conformity with the Framework.” from him that the NPPF will protect the core strategy That optional approach appears to imply that the and the green belt. I am conscious that the consultation Government will offer to test the draft and adopted has just finished and that he might not be able to give local development frameworks to see whether they conform me all the assurances that I need, but I would like to with the NPPF.That raises a whole new series of questions hear his comments about those matters. about how an LDF based on a revoked regional strategy or on the existing PPS1 could ever meet a test of 4.13 pm conformity with the new NPPF, especially in relation to Stephen Gilbert (St Austell and Newquay) (LD): Top- the presumption in favour of sustainable development. down, imposed on communities; done to people, not When the final version of the proposals comes out, will with them; reflecting the ambitions of regional quangos, the Minister clarify how that will work effectively? We not local circumstances; adversarial, pitting communities need to be clear about the transitional arrangements against each other and individuals against developers; because the lack of a transition plan would be an open lop-sided; not transparent; appeal-led; not delivering invitation to anyone with land to put in an application on the ground—that is where we are today with the to develop on it. What does the Minister think about current planning system. It is absolutely right that the implementing a two-year process, so that local authorities Government should seek to reform it, and I welcome can get up to speed with their local strategic plans that. My belief is that the combination of the Localism before the provisions come into effect? Bill and the national planning policy framework will If we get this right, we will end up with much simpler deliver an inclusive process that will bring people together, planning guidance that will significantly increase the enabling a plan-led approach where developers and local neighbourhood role in planning and support a communities get round the table together to work out genuinely more sustainable approach to development, what is in their neighbourhood’s best interest. Such an while still delivering the homes to support the economic approach will be bottom-up, secure consent, take conflict development that we all need. out of the system and finally be transparent in a way that it has not been until now. 4.18 pm I have a great deal of sympathy for what is in the George Hollingbery (Meon Valley) (Con): I apologise NPPF and the way it relates to the Localism Bill and in advance if, having had to truncate my remarks, they the need to simplify national guidance and be clear sound a little staccato and disjointed. I also draw attention about the need for sustainable development. However, to my declaration of interests in the Register of Members’ we also need to ensure that development is well Financial Interests. planned and genuinely sustainable, and that we create a I want to make a few short points to Ministers and planning system that delivers attractive communities in other Members. I sat on the Select Committee and the right places, not endless cul de sacs that, although heard a lot of evidence from developers and from all they might cumulatively occupy a large amount of sorts of interested parties in planning. We face a situation space, fail to deliver the places that people want to live in which sustainable development is being somewhat in. Such places need schools and pubs, leisure facilities perverted by the document before us. Paragraphs 13 and green spaces. I agree with the hon. Member for and 54, among many others, clearly shorten one of the Stoke-on-Trent North (Joan Walley) that we need a three legs of sustainability—namely, that of economic clearer definition of “sustainable development” in the growth. The table is clearly tipping in that direction, NPPF. We need to ensure that the provisions cover and we need to shove some pieces of paper under economic, social and environmental concerns together, that leg to even it up and make it the same length as and that no one leg of that tripod is given too much the other two. If we are to have truly sustainable prominence. development, it must take equal account of all three A second major principle of the NPPF is the presumption legs of sustainability. in favour of sustainable development. I think that I Unlike many Members, I do not think that we need understood my hon. Friend the Member for Winchester to do a great deal more on the definition of sustainable (Mr Brine) correctly when he said that the first presumption development. As long as local authorities are allowed to that he wanted to see in the NPPF was that development take equal note of all three corners, we will be in a good should be carried out according to local plans. He said place. However, little evidence was presented to the that that should be the bottom line; it should be where Select Committee that planning has ever really stood in we start from. That is very much the Government’s the way of economic development. That is another intention, and it would be useful to make that slightly good reason to re-examine those provisions in the NPPF. clearer in the proposals. It is equally true to say that, while planning might not As the hon. Member for Sheffield South East (Mr Betts) have impeded economic development, it has not encouraged said, when the NPPF is finalised, all existing unadopted it much either. There is not much evidence on either side local plans, as well as those that are in an advanced of that argument. There is certainly evidence that it is stage of preparation, will technically be out of date. As process, rather than policy, in the planning system that a result, the presumption in favour of sustainable has caused delay, and we need to look as carefully at development will apply to all development proposals how we manage the planning process as at the policy when the contents of the NPPF become the de facto that drives it. Moving on quickly to definitions, we have 1143 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1144

[George Hollingbery] changes is right. If we put power back in the hands of local people and make the plan robust to challenge, we two different problems at two different levels. At the will all be in a much better place. general level of definition—I mention the comments of the hon. Member for Lewisham East (Heidi Alexander) 4.22 pm about “significantly and demonstrably”—there are any number of wide-meaning phrases in the NPPF that could Nicky Morgan (Loughborough) (Con): I draw attention do with some substantial testing. Perhaps we should to my entry in the Register of Members’ Financial employ some aggressive planning lawyers; there may be Interests. Following the spirit of what the right hon. one or two in here who would like the work. [Interruption.] Member for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) said, I mention There are none present at the moment. We need to be the fact that my family are members of the National absolutely confident that there can be a generally accepted Trust. I was a member until I came to this place and definition of these terms; otherwise we will end up in now have no time to visit its beautiful houses and severe trouble and face many delays over the next few locations—but perhaps I will again one day. years. I welcome the opportunity to contribute to this We have also heard a lot of evidence to show that we afternoon’s debate. During the conference recess, I attended need to define more clearly things that are important to a number of meetings on this subject in my constituency local authorities. Let me quote Winchester city council and I would like to pay tribute to the Garendon Park here: Countryside Protection group, the Barrow residents “The brevity of the draft NPPF is refreshing but there are action group and the Loughborough south-west action many matters that have been removed in their entirety. For group, all of which took the time to brief me on their example, guidance which explains how noise issues, specialised thoughts and concerns about what is being proposed. rural housing, enforcement, and historical assets and landscapes…should be dealt with”. As we have heard, planning is a popular issue for This issue is going to come back again and again. I have constituents to write about. I estimate that about 100 people a short suggestion for Ministers. I have not thought contacted me through individual letters, which were this through terribly carefully but there are a lot of often signed by many more people, and those letters existing policies on these issues. Could we make these were about the framework, the Localism Bill or specific available to local authorities to adopt in whole or in planning applications within the last few months. I am part, or could they be modified in a way we find not at all surprised to hear the Minister say that there acceptable and then be made available for adoption if have been 10,000 responses to the consultation on the authorities thought they were sensible, particularly at framework. I wish him well in reading them all—or, at a time of strained assets and strained capabilities in least, a proportion of them. local government? We have heard the current planning system mentioned I have another little idea—re-inspection of local plans. this afternoon. I have to say that I do not think the It seems to me that a lot of the tension we have at the current system has anything to recommend it. I have moment happens because plans can go out of date. not been a local councillor, but I am married to one and The NPPF says very particularly that where a plan is I have watched him grapple with the system as it affects out of date and demonstrably so, the presumption is councils in my constituency. I think the current planning in favour of development. Why can we not have a rules are inaccessible for local residents; I think 1,000 pages light-touch re-inspection on a regular basis? Each local is far too long. I believe the current system is basically authority is currently mandated to produce an annual a lawyers charter—and I speak as a former lawyer. report, so why could it not entail a very short re-adoption Communities feel shut out of the process: there are of the local plan with minimal consultation to see if limited grounds for objection—I cannot think how the major tenets of the plan have changed? If we did many times we have had to ensure that there are highways that, we would not only have robustness against grounds or other reasons for objecting—and those wishing challenge from developers, but we might even be able to develop land have no obligation to consult. I consider to lose the 20% over-allocation, because that would that a mistake but it is something that the framework have been regularly monitored throughout the period will put right. of the plan. That might satisfy many different The hon. Member for Lewisham East (Heidi Alexander), constituencies. who, unfortunately, is no longer in her place, was right On the interregnum, I believe, as others have said, about the planning process: planning applications take that two years is a good number in which to adopt a too long and appeals are too costly. That is why we need new plan, which will then come into force. It is essential, a proper plan-led system, which the framework will however, that that is an absolute limit. One of the great deliver. I have already told the Minister privately that, attractions of the NPPF is that it forces local authorities although much of the discussion has been about house to put plans in place. There must not be any budging on building, we have forgotten the needs of business. Small that. We are left, are we not, with two alternatives? Do businesses in my constituency often need places to we allow the current local plan derived from the regional expand, but, as I said in an intervention, people often spatial strategy to continue for two years, or do we give have to go around the houses several times before increasing weight to the emerging new local plan? I getting their applications approved. I would like to favour the latter course, but we need to make a decision think that that would not be the case if we could get the on that front. system working as we want it to work. There are many other important issues—the balance As we have heard from Members on both sides of the of process, brownfield sites, “city centre first”, the balance House, we all know of people who cannot get on to the of spatial planning, the “larger than local” planning—but housing ladder, whether for affordable housing, family far too little time to cover them. The broad thrust of the housing or older people’s accommodation. There is 1145 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1146 definitely a need for more housing, but it has to be the localism agenda, and I know that my constituents where people want it to be in their local communities. will benefit hugely from them. They will make the We have also heard how the planning system is in limbo planning system clearer, more democratic, more effective and leaves councils vulnerable to speculative applications. and give real power to local people to determine planning I have taken that point from a recent paper presented to permission themselves or at least to have their views the Charnwood borough council cabinet by the planning taken into account. officers. We cannot allow this limbo to continue for too That is necessary. The economic climate means that much longer. local councils across the country do not have the money I am broadly supportive of the aims of the framework, to spend on lengthy, costly planning appeals, as has but I would like clarification on some key areas. We been mentioned. The national planning policy framework have talked about the presumption in favour of sustainable provides guidance for local councils on drawing up development. At the risk of ousting the DCLG officials, local development plans and empowers local communities who, I am sure, have given this much more thought than to come together, through local parish councils or I have, I would argue that sustainable development neighbourhood forums, to draw up neighbourhood plans might be better achieved through the general principle for the local areas that they know best. The neighbourhood of building long-term successful communities that support plans will be included in the local development framework, economic growth, environmental protection and general and I understand that it is those documents that will be well-being—to use that rather woolly phrase mentioned used to determine planning applications, giving people earlier. There also needs to be further clarification of a real say in what happens to their local areas. the relationship between local authorities and Proposals for local green space designation and the neighbourhood plans. identification of suitable areas for renewable and low-carbon I endorse the comments of my hon. Friend the Member energy are extremely welcome. We must bear in mind for Winchester (Mr Brine). If we believe in localism, that protections conferred by earlier legislation will still which I think Government Members do, we have to go apply to, for instance, areas of outstanding natural for it; we cannot have half-baked localism. I am unhappy, beauty, but I am keen for councils to back them up with therefore, about the idea of a five-year supply of housing good neighbourhood plans. I know from my experience land plus the 20% allowance, which seems to contradict as a councillor, and from talking to my constituents, the Government’s aim of abolishing top-down housing that it is local people who show real passion and enthusiasm targets. I also endorse what has been said about the use for their own areas, and it is right that their voices of existing housing stock. Loughborough has a number should be heard. of houses that used to be occupied by students but There is just one point that I should like clarified. which are now sitting empty. I would like the council, Will some sort of contingency plan be provided when a supported by the Government, to find innovative ways council does not have a live local plan to protect it from of bringing those houses back into family use. unwanted development? We have talked about markets, and I entirely endorse what the hon. Member for Stockport (Ann Coffey) said 4.31 pm about their importance in town centres. We have already Paul Maynard (Blackpool North and Cleveleys) (Con): talked about transition arrangements. It has become It is a pleasure to contribute to the debate. While I clear to me that there is other guidance that might not endorse the vast bulk of the Government’s proposals, fall within the planning system—I am talking particularly because I have only six minutes I shall focus on the one about highways. I discovered this week something called, tiny aspect of the framework that causes me slight “Manual for Streets 2”, which talks about traffic junctions, concern. I refer to the chapter on the historic environment. which appear to be driving the need for the council to I have two non-pecuniary interests to declare. First, give the go-ahead for a development in Barrow upon for reasons that I do not yet understand, I am still a Soar. That cannot be right. member of the National Trust—an organisation which, I thank the Government for providing the time for it must be said, has not risen in my estimation in recent this debate. I cannot remember the last time that we weeks. Perhaps more important is the fact that I am also debated something while it was still in consultation. a member of the Twentieth Century Society, which campaigns for the protection of buildings constructed Several hon. Members rose— during the last century. When the society first comes into contact with many heritage assets, they are not Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Nigel Evans): Order. Because designated as listed assets, so it finds it very difficult to people have shown restraint, for which I am extremely persuade Governments to take them seriously. What grateful, I can increase the time limit back to six minutes. worries the society, and many amenity societies, is that We should get everybody in. the “Historic environment” chapter concerns only designated heritage assets, and does not refer to other 4.28 pm aspects of heritage that may be brought into play. I fear that, given the emphasis on localism, Sheryll Murray (South East Cornwall) (Con): I hope neighbourhood planning and local groups at the grass that I do not take my six minutes, Mr Deputy Speaker. roots, on the bringing together of local plans and on Like many other hon. Members, I have served as a putting what local people want first, many types of local councillor and grappled with the complicated architectural heritage that ought to be valued but, for planning system over a number of years. I would like to one reason or another, may not be will not be given the thank my right hon. Friend the Minister for the fantastic full consideration that they deserve. That may strike effort that he has put into the Localism Bill. The planning many Members as a subtle discrepancy, but I think it is proposals represent a serious move towards achieving an important one. Let me give an example. 1147 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1148

[Paul Maynard] of 20% on the previous Government’s insistence that 12,400 houses should be built in south Wiltshire, where Each year, the World Monuments Fund—many my constituency lies. Members may not know of its existence, but I assure them I also welcome the framework’s safeguards for the green that it does exist—issues a “watch” that lists sites around belt, areas of outstanding national beauty and sites of the world that are of historical importance and under special scientific interest, as well as the acknowledgement great threat. This month’s watch has adopted “British of the need to protect wildlife, biodiversity and our brutalism” as a genre. I assure Members that that refers cultural heritage. However, I have considerable concern not to the Chamber but to three sites in the United about how the principle of localism will work in reality. Kingdom: the South Bank, which the Government Frankly, the devil is in the detail, and the precise mechanisms sadly failed to list despite English Heritage’s for collating, calibrating and putting together local recommendation; Birmingham central library, which, views to create a local core strategy need to be clarified. as I am sure the hon. Member for Birmingham, Erdington (Jack Dromey) is aware, is the subject of a long-running In Salisbury, there was a decision on Hampton Park II saga; and Preston bus station, the subject of an equally four weeks ago. The Secretary of State overturned the long-running soap opera. The position of all three has decision by a local planning inspector, thereby approving been highly controversial. None of them is officially the building of 525 homes, which has fundamentally listed, which greatly concerns the amenity societies. If undermined confidence in the planning process. That they are not listed, how can they be catered for? may be due in part to the previous Government’s determination to abolish the district council in Salisbury The most recent edition of The Architects’ Journal by amalgamating other district councils to form a Wiltshire describes brutalism as “fashionably unfashionable”, which unitary authority. The price of this change has been the is, perhaps, how many of us regard what we consider to perception of a considerable distancing in decision making, be concrete eyesores in our constituencies. It is a great and that is particularly keenly felt in planning. concern that buildings that might not immediately be aesthetically pleasing to us now but that might at some I wish to pay tribute to Councillors Moss and McLennan, point in the future be deemed to have great historical who have done so much to champion the concerns of and heritage value will not get the protection they the Laverstock and Ford parish. Councillor McLennan deserve under this framework. Although I welcome the expressed his views to me. He said that ambition of shrinking the framework document from “from a local perspective, the core strategy was a poisoned 1,000 pages to 100 pages, brevity should be not just the chalice. The forward-planners of Salisbury district, who morphed soul of wit, but the soul of clarity. We must ensure that and increased under Wiltshire council to become ‘spatial planners’ certain current statutory protections remain in place, had our strategic gap in the frame…However, we were negotiating until the remote spatial folk from Trowbridge overruled the and I seek reassurance on that. Given the degree of locals.” local autonomy that is proposed, there is great concern that such buildings will not be protected. He recognises that other parishes will be able to determine That reassurance can be given in a number of ways. the nature of the housing that should be built, but in The Minister could tweak the framework or add warm this transitional period the consequences of unclear words, or reconsider the role he envisages for statutory guidance have been devastating. bodies such as English Heritage and existing amenity Specific concerns about the need to include a strategic societies that cover the 20th century, the Victorian and gap—a piece of land that acts as a barrier between new Georgian eras and periods further back in history. He planned development and the separate parish—have might also reconsider the role he envisages the Department not been recognised. In fact, Ron Champion, chairman for Culture, Media and Sport playing in respect of of Laverstock and Ford parish council has told me that neighbourhood plans. “the views of this parish have been wholly ignored in regards to How can we ensure that when our local village considers the numbers appropriate for the development known as Hampton its neighbourhood plan and makes decisions about a Park II and Wiltshire council got itself into a position of opposing building that some might call a concrete monstrosity a development of 500 homes on the site in front of one inspector— whilst supporting the 500 homes in front of another.” but others might call a beautiful example of a postmodernist bungalow, it takes into account not only its own aesthetic The inadequacy of the consultation process on the impressions, but the heritage value of what it has in its development of the core strategy to replace the RSS has community? What steps can we take to ensure that the left a bitter taste. In essence, there is much confusion legitimate concerns of the amenity societies are respected? over the definition of the word “local”. When parishes As we are engaged in a consultation process, I do not are motivated to make, and indeed do make, a constructive, expect an answer now, but I hope that some reassurance considered and meaningful contribution to a core strategy on this point might be forthcoming in the very near only to find that three weeks before it is formally future. adopted the Secretary of State overturns an individual planning decision by a local inspector on the basis that 4.36 pm the core strategy is still awaited and so only limited John Glen (Salisbury) (Con): I broadly support the weight to its provisions can be given, that means my intentions of this new framework. For far too long, the local constituents’ views have, in effect, been set aside. planning process has been riddled with uncertainty and That is how they see it. ambiguity, leading to widespread misunderstanding and My constituents are angry. They believe that the frustration. In particular, I welcome the simplification Secretary of State could have delayed this decision by a of the guidance from a bewildering 1,000-plus pages to few weeks to await the protection that the core strategy a manageable 52 pages. I also welcome the removal of could have provided, because it is in the detail of those top-down pressure by the abolition of the unpopular provisions that good individual planning applications regional spatial strategies. That has resulted in a reduction and decisions are enabled. My local parishioners were 1149 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1150 not saying, “No housing here.” They made a serious designation of local green spaces as an additional tier of attempt to define the design qualities required to fit in protection for valuable open space that local planning with the local community’s wishes, but they now have a authorities can incorporate in their local plans. Moreover, scheme, approved by a Minister, that is sub-optimally the natural environment White Paper has an important designed and does not fit with what is in the core role to play in delivering wider protection for the strategy. environment. I ask the ministerial team to review the guidance and I am also conscious of the future of our town centres procedures adopted by the Department in handling and the need to reinvigorate them. The “town centre appeals, so that when core strategies are not quite first” policy that has been pursued since 1996 has an adopted some serious attempt is made to acknowledge important role to play in achieving that, and although what is in them and they can have a bearing on decisions it is referred to in the framework, I ask the Minister of made. I do not want any more of my constituents to say State to consider ways in which this part of the framework to me, “What does ‘localism’ mean? We did what was might be strengthened. expected. The core strategy gave guidelines that contradict The Minister is to be commended for providing a the logic of the Secretary of State’s decision and, had he strong focus on design. Towns and villages across Britain known about it, it would have had some meaning.” The reflect a wide variety of local designs and architecture new framework must not simply be a codification of built up over many centuries, and that very much defines sensible rules for the future; it must also deal with the Britain and the built environment that we all cherish. practical contradictions and realities of the present, We have lost that in recent decades. The sense of place and with the pipeline of unadopted core strategies that has been replaced by a sense of “sameness”, with the appear to give opportunistic home builders a smooth same developments by the same developers across the ride to build sub-optimal developments. country, with little regard to local traditions, styles and 4.42 pm identities. We need to move away from that, and the incorporation of design in the framework provides the Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con): I begin by stating that opportunity to do so. before I came to this place last May I was a chartered Over the years, while I was practising, I came across surveyor for 27 years, during which time I saw the many schemes that had obtained planning permission planning process get slower and more bureaucratic, that would never be built because they were financially with an increasing complexity of planning regulations. non-viable. I therefore welcome the conclusions on viability There is a need for a faster and more flexible process in the framework. However, it is important that if a that brings the plethora of guidance notes down to a scheme is non-viable in the first instance, the planners manageable size. The publication of the draft NPPF is and developers consider redesigning or reshaping the very much a move in the right direction, although some scheme rather than straight away permitting a development amendments and rewording may well be necessary. that might be described as inadequate. Many have argued that by introducing the principle in favour of sustainable development the Government The Minister is introducing radical proposals for how are undermining the whole planning process. That is planning works in this country and it is my view that not the case, as the presumption in favour of development they are for the better. What he is proposing is in fact a was first enshrined in the Town and Country Planning double devolution, not only empowering local authorities Act 1947. What the draft NPPF seeks to do is reiterate but also local neighbourhoods. It is important that and reinforce that, and it introduces the 21st- century transitional arrangements are put in place to ensure a principle of sustainability. smooth move to the new system. There has been much debate as to whether sustainability The framework puts local people in the driving seat. should be defined and embedded in the Localism Bill, Councils and local communities will be able to control whether a fuller definition than the Brundtland one what happens in their local areas as long as they have should be provided and whether the 2005 definition an up-to-date local plan in place. The framework will should be used. My own view, which is supported by the ensure that heritage is protected and local authorities Local Government Association, is that a more detailed will be able to decide where development should take definition should be left to local planning authorities; it place and which areas should be protected. should be for them to decide on the definition that best The Government are right to approach this matter suits them, taking into account local circumstances and with a sense of urgency, to have brought forward the concerns. framework in this form and to have this debate so that That may include consideration of whether adequate they can take full account of hon. Members’ opinions infrastructure can be provided to underpin a particular as well as the views of the many bodies that have made development so as to ensure that the development is representations. There might well be a need for some properly sustainable. revision, and I know that my right hon. Friend the I was going to say a bit about the housing crisis, but it Minister’s door is open and that he will listen to well- has been said. I will say, however, that planning is not reasoned proposals. In places, the wording of the framework the principal cause of the housing crisis, but a streamlined might need to be tightened and there might be a need to and less bureaucratic process has a vital role to play in expand the document to, say, 80 or 90 pages, but this overcoming it. streamlined process is vital to ensure that the planning Much concern has been expressed that the NPPF is a process works properly and efficiently and takes full developers’ charter and that it will open up the countryside account of local people’s concerns. for development. I do not believe that that is the case, as Many people have expressed the view that the framework the framework preserves the green belt and areas of is too development and growth-oriented. There is a outstanding natural beauty and introduces a new need for growth, but it is a need for “good” growth that 1151 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1152

[Peter Aldous] me complete madness that that did not matter, but it is very important in Northamptonshire because we are also ensures that environmental and social interests are not a terribly windy county. You might think that we not prejudiced. I believe the framework gives us the produce plenty of wind here in the Chamber, Mr Deputy basis for achieving that. Speaker, between the seven of us, but we are not a very good site for wind farms, so I am very glad to see that 4.48 pm measure. Nevertheless, we really need to reinforce local communities’ ability to take the right decisions for their Andrea Leadsom (South Northamptonshire) (Con): I area. am delighted to have the chance to speak in this debate and, in particular, to congratulate those on the Front There are three issues on which I urge the Government Bench on their localism agenda, which is so important to focus for the sake of Northamptonshire and, indeed, to this country and not least to Northamptonshire, the the whole country. First, I would like them to focus on county I am proud to represent. Under the Labour the definition of sustainable development to ensure that Government, Northamptonshire’s regional spatial strategy planners have to take into account not only current forced development on to greenfield sites, with the needs but any backlog of infrastructure requirements unwelcome intrusion of large developments on the edges that have resulted from disastrous Labour policies. Secondly, of villages, which members of the local community we need to ensure that we have clarity between now and have been unable to resist. I certainly recognise the need when our local development plans are in place and for more housing, but the worst part of that approach signed off. Thirdly, we need to defend our greenfield has been the inability to keep Northamptonshire’s sites against development when plenty of brownfield infrastructure in line with the growing population. sites remain. I urge the Front-Bench team to bear those issues closely in mind. According to the Office for National Statistics, Northamptonshire was the second-fastest-growing county Let me finish by making two suggestions—I am not between 2004 and 2009. It was very much an area for sure whether they have been discussed during the debate. growth, but the policing and health care settlements A big problem that I have come across in South and the local government grant have lagged far behind Northamptonshire is the time developers have for planning the demographic growth. When I was out canvassing permission, and I wonder whether we could constrain for the general election in 2010 people told me, for that. First, there are an awful lot of permission sites example, that they were eight months pregnant and still that developers are sitting on, presumably waiting for did not have a proper midwife because there simply the market to turn round. Secondly, there is the issue of were not enough midwives. Northampton general hospital developers building a few footings and then leaving a is often on red alert because its services are so pressed. development for ages and ages. If we could constrain We really do have a backlog of infrastructure needs, so those practices, that would help considerably in building I thoroughly welcome, first, the desire to achieve more the homes that we certainly need. localism and, secondly, the desire for sustainable development, which means bringing alongside the 4.54 pm infrastructure that is necessary. Neil Carmichael (Stroud) (Con): I draw everyone’s I should like to make a few points about the concerns attention to my interests as listed in the register. for my constituency specifically as a result of the mad I am committed to protecting the environment in my rush for growth of the past 10 years. Northamptonshire constituency. I am committed to ensuring that we have is suffering from a grey area, because the regional more houses. I think that those two things are quite spatial strategy has not yet gone and we do not have a compatible—they certainly are if we have strong local coherent local development plan. My constituency plans underpinned by proper consultation and the has 92 parishes, and the prospect of trying to write involvement of local people. The Minister was absolutely 92 neighbourhood development plans within six months right when he opened his remarks with the observation is a very tall order. We will need a period during which that people are worried about having planning done to there can be no prospect of some developer free-for-all. them rather than being involved in planning. I have It is no exaggeration to say that almost every green site noticed that most of the criticisms of the national in South Northamptonshire has some developer option planning policy framework are along the lines of, “This on it. That is of real concern to my constituents. is going to be terrible for us. Something is going to The last thing we want is any pause in the Government happen.” We have to disabuse people of that fear. I have introducing legislation that will give clarity to my been doing that to some extent in the constituency constituents. Equally, however, we do not want something already, and this debate has been a useful opportunity else that is happening now, I am afraid, where planners, to continue that process. particularly at appeal, are taking into account the NPPF I have listened to Stroud district council, which is while it is still under consultation. I very much regret very pleased to find that it will have fewer national that. In a recent appeal regarding a wind farm development, guidance documents and more simplified ways of the inspector took into account these measures, which proceeding. It welcomes the idea of having a local plan are still under consultation, in his considerations. We do that will be effectively informed by local opinion. I have not have a result yet, but I very much hope that a also talked to the Gloucestershire Campaign to Protect misinterpretation of the term “sustainable development” Rural England. CPRE has been involved nationally, but does not lead to a wind farm that should have been locally it recognises the importance of a sovereign local subject to other considerations. plan and wants one in place. We must make sure that it Specifically on wind farms, I congratulate our Front- is. The CPRE is also very keen on the idea of the duty Bench team on inserting a material planning consideration to co-operate, as specified in the Localism Bill. That is a regarding how windy an area is. It has always seemed to really important step, and one that we need to consider. 1153 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1154

As far as planning principles go, it is critical to realise Rural England, the Gloucestershire wildlife trust, Friends that a proper understanding of sustainability is often of Leckhampton Hill and Charlton Kings Common, found at the local level. That is certainly the case in my and the Leckhampton Green Land Action Group? May constituency. That is because factors such as flooding I pay tribute, too, to the Minister of State, Department must be included, and local people know about such for Communities and Local Government, the right hon. things. They will be able to put into a local plan a Member for Tunbridge Wells (Greg Clark), who has realistic appraisal of the impact of such factors in terms responded constructively and openly to this debate, and of sustainability. It is right that we make sure that the to the wider debate? He has certainly spent a lot of time local plan includes a proper definition of sustainability, with me and with other Back Benchers who have expressed and that that has some force and power. concern about the national planning policy framework, I turn now to the National Trust. It is national; it is which is very much appreciated. not a local structure in the sense of having accountability. I share the emerging consensus across the House that Having read the National Trust Act 1971, I cannot find the general principles of the framework may be good, evidence of any accountability at all. However, I agree and that the idea of simplification is welcome—certainly with some of the points that the trust made to the to anyone who has tried to trawl through volumes of Environmental Audit Committee, such as those about planning guidance. There are, however, serious concerns the definition of sustainability. I tested the Minister on about the way in which the first draft has come out. I those issues and on issues of local planning, and I am agree, in particular, with many of the comments about satisfied that the Government have properly thought the six-year supply rule and the large loophole regarding about the need to link the national planning policy the ability of developers and others to challenge not framework with local plans. just local plans but individual policies and evidence on There are five things that we really must get right. the basis that they are out of date, absent, silent or The first is the transition. There is a lot of concern indeterminate. Points have been well made on those, about the situation that we now find ourselves in, where and I will not repeat them. the NPPF is starting to be referred to as material This should have been a trouble-free area of coalition evidence, and about what might transpire in a planning policy. The precedents were very good, and I was shocked situation, so we need more clarity about the transition, at how good the Conservative policy on planning was in and also more speed. The second area is the power of “Open Source Planning” when it was published. It was local plans. We must be sure that they are the things that very, very impressive; we were rather startled and felt matter, and we need to make more noise about that. the need to catch up. [Interruption.] My hon. Friend Certainly we need to talk about the role of the inspectors. the Member for Mid Dorset and North Poole (Annette In Stroud, the inspectors overturned a decision of the Brooke) has obviously been involved in developing even district council, allowing a building development to more robust policies. There was an emphatic statement take place—Foxes Field—which has turned out to be in “Open Source Planning” which I thought was very the source of huge trouble. If people had listened more good: carefully to the local opinion, that would have been “Our emphasis on local control will allow local planning avoided. authorities to determine exactly how much development they The third area is the capacity of local planners. We want, of what kind and where.” have great local planners in Stroud district council, but It balanced that with incentives, so there was not a we need to make sure that all our councils are properly temptation to say no to everything, but that emphatic equipped with the right capacity to make sure that they statement was rather good, and if it can be repeated in have a local plan in place, and that that local plan is the framework, that will be helpful. informed by evidence and reflects local opinion. The fourth area I would like to talk about, which I referred Some Liberal Democrat policies on the natural to earlier, is co-operation between councils. Stroud district environment, including the one that I helped to co-author council is up against Gloucester, and of course there are on natural heritage, which was adopted by the party, issues about where developments take place, so councils made some complementary statements on the protection need to learn to co-operate. The Government should of the natural environment. We said: put more emphasis on that and they should do something “Too often we have parcelled off a small number of sites or if there is no co-operation. areas for special protection by experts and left the rest to the mercy of market forces where different values often prevail and Finally, we need to protect areas of outstanding valuable natural resources are lost.” natural beauty—Harold Wilson’s one great achievement— That document originated the policy of local green national parks and so on. I am committed to protecting spaces, which is in the framework, and which I very my area, as we have some fantastic places along the much welcome. It is designed to help to protect green Slad valley, and so far we have fought successfully to spaces, not for their biodiversity or outstanding beauty, stop a development on Wades farm. We intend to fight but simply because they are important to local people to stop a development on Sellars farm near Hardwicke. and have been proven to be so. We are fighting, first, to protect the AONB and, secondly, to protect the integrity of a village. That is the sort of Those themes have been reinforced in government, in thing that local people want to do, and they will be able the Localism Bill, in the natural environment White to do it more easily if we have strong and robust local Paper, with its very strong emphasis on the valuing of plans. natural capital, and, indeed, in the statement last November by the Prime Minister, who said that 5pm “we will start measuring our progress as a country not just by Martin Horwood (Cheltenham) (LD): In the spirit of how our economy is growing, but by how our lives are improving, the debate, may I refer hon. Members to the register not just by our standard of living, but by our quality of life.” and declare my membership of the Campaign to Protect That is important. 1155 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1156

[Martin Horwood] I agree with so much of what has been said by all hon. Friends on the coalition Benches, especially the There are tensions in this debate, and it is important hon. Member for Cheltenham (Martin Horwood), that to consider the need for housing, including the very real I think we are in danger of breaking out into a bit of a need for affordable housing, and the need to tackle the love-in. I thought he was about to escape, but it seems affordability crisis, but it is a mistake to think that he feels compelled to stay. I want to thank the Secretary growth will be a panacea for those problems, for a of State and his Ministers for the various reassurances number of reasons. First, as a country we need to learn they have given and public pronouncements they have to live within our environmental limits. Green space is a made, particularly about the green belt, which I wish finite resource, and certainly on a crowded island with had been more widely publicised. Of course, it has limited suitable areas for recreation and enjoyment, as never been said of the Secretary of State that he is not well as for building, we cannot simply build and build one for coming forward, as he has come forward on and grow and grow. That is fundamentally unsustainable many occasions and spoken in his normal, robust manner. in the end. Unfortunately, I do not think that enough people heard Secondly, there are about 1 million more homes in him when he gave the reassurance that the framework this country than there are households, according to contains not only a continuation of the existing policy answers given to me by the Minister’s own Department. to protect our green belt, but a very good argument that The problem, of course, is that they are not in the right the coalition Government are determined to ensure that places for jobs and work and where people want to live. it is even better protected. I thank him for that. It is local patterns of supply and demand that are the I would like to raise two points. The first—I am being really big factors. In some areas, such as my constituency completely parochial about my constituency—relates to and others that have been mentioned, the demand is open-cast mining. We touched on this very briefly in the simply insatiable. Cheltenham has grown by 60% over debate in Westminster Hall. I know that the framework recent decades, but we still have relatively high house refers to mineral extraction and really hope that the prices and a housing waiting list. We can build on Government will listen to Members with constituencies enormous amounts of countryside and those things will in which there is a threat of open-cast mining. In my still apply because we will still have—I hope—really constituency, open-cast mining would be on green-belt good jobs, good schools and a good built and natural land between Cossall and Trowell. It is very precious environment. It is those kinds of things that drive this. and beautiful land. It is historic and has connections to It comes as a bit of a shock, therefore, to find D.H. Lawrence. I submit that it is a complete contradiction ourselves accused of producing a developer’s charter. to say that we could ever have open-cast mining on The reason for that, I think, is in the wording of this green-belt land. The two simply do not go together. If document and the imbalance in it. There are very the Government cannot go as far as to agree with me definite statements that on that, I urge them to look at the very good idea, put “local planning authorities should plan positively for new forward by my hon. Friend the Member for North West development” Leicestershire (Andrew Bridgen), for a buffer zone between and that planning residential property and any open-cast mining. “must operate to encourage growth”, I was slightly cynical about the framework when I The statements on the environment, however, are much first examined it, but over time I have found within it more measured and often qualified. Even the one that many things not only that should satisfy everybody’s states: concerns, but that we should welcome and trumpet. I “Plans should allocate land with the least environmental or am particularly impressed by the neighbourhood plan, amenity value” and this is where I refer to the Liberal Democrats, is immediately qualified: because unfortunately Broxtowe’s small group of remaining Liberal Democrat councillors have, in their wisdom, “where practical, having regard to other policies in the Framework chosen to remain in coalition with Labour, and they including the presumption in favour of sustainable development. Plans should be prepared on the basis that objectively assessed control Broxtowe borough council. As part of their development needs should be met”. policy, they have accepted the plan for some 6,000 new Even where we are trying to use language that is houses in my constituency, but there is enough room for more environmentally friendly and values social and only 2,000 on the brownfield site, and the rest will have environmental factors, it is heavily qualified. That needs to be built on the green belt. to be rebalanced, because this language matters. It is I am opposed to that decision, and I believe that the listened to by local planners and the officers who drive majority of people in my constituency are, too, but the local policies. Liberal Democrat who represents the village of Trowell makes a very good point when he says, “I’m being 5.6 pm realistic, and, when we look at previous decisions in Anna Soubry (Broxtowe) (Con): May I begin by Broxtowe and a particular stretch of land, we will have saying that I was delighted to have the opportunity on difficulty persuading anybody that there should not be Tuesday to hold a debate in Westminster Hall and a large number of houses built on this particular stretch thank everyone who contributed to it? I do not intend of green belt known as Field farm.” to repeat the many points I raised, but I remind those That individual makes those representations to me in who want to read the report of the debate of any private and in public, and to be completely blunt he interest I declared in my various comments about the may well have a very good point, but where I criticise green belt. The green belt is a passion for me because of him and other members of the ruling group on my local the situation in my constituency, which has no greenfield council is over their complete disregard for the ethos land, only green belt and brownfield sites. that runs through the framework, which is about working 1157 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1158 with communities—where communities decide things people are effectively excluded from the process and based on neighbourhood plans. That is a wonderful democratic scrutiny is virtually impossible. If we are to idea, and Rushcliffe borough council, which happens to achieve sustainable development that benefits both the be Conservative-controlled, is going out and holding economy and the local environment, we need to make workshops. sure, as other hon. Members have said, that the right development is built in the right place. That will happen Martin Horwood: At the risk of continuing the love-in, only if development policy is decided at a local level. may I say that I have some sympathy, because three Gloucestershire councils have just published a joint The regional strategies, with their top-down targets, core strategy, which will be completely unsupported by were bureaucratic and, frankly, undemocratic. Regional local people, for 40,000 new houses in Gloucestershire— housing targets failed to build the homes that were though I hate to say that most of the councils involved needed where they were needed. In Dudley, part of are Conservative-led. which I represent, the local authority projected that an additional 14,000 homes would be needed, but the Anna Soubry: I am very grateful, believe it or not, for regional target dictated that 16,000 should be built to that intervention, because the hon. Gentleman makes a satisfy demand in other parts of the region. Residents serious point, and I feel a lot of sympathy for councillors were understandably opposed to building far more homes who are advised by their officers—understandably—but than it seemed would be required to cope with population sometimes almost put in fear. They feel that they have growth and changing household patterns. This has made to take a particular route, but they forget that they are communities feel isolated from the process and view the democratically elected representatives of their development in general with suspicion. At the same communities. That may be a criticism of ourselves on time, the areas that needed the additional homes to these Benches—that we have not explained the great satisfy growing demand, and in some cases housing provisions in the Localism Bill, which will empower our shortages, would not get the new homes that their neighbourhoods to come together and to decide on communities needed. It is right that there will be a duty their own plans. for local authorities to work together on planning matters I am, however, becoming confident that the Liberal where there is a shared interest. I know from my own Democrats in Broxtowe will hear that message loud and constituency how well Dudley and Sandwell councils clear, especially when the Under-Secretary of State for work together, despite differences in political control, in Communities and Local Government, the hon. Member sharing facilities and services with each other and with for Hazel Grove (Andrew Stunell) responds to the other neighbouring authorities. debate. They will realise that the Bill gives them the We need to re-engage our local communities with the power to work with those people, coming together to planning process so that they can properly shape local build sustainable communities that are not just the sort development plans, and we need local planning policy of awful housing development that we have seen in so to be set by councils, not by regional quangos. Making many parts of the country, which were built using the sure that neighbourhood planning is more than the previous Government’s atrocious Prescott regulations formality that local consultation has sometimes seemed with no regard at all for services and no proper consideration to be within the planning system is vital if we are to of infrastructure, but in fact sustainable developments—not ensure that development reflects communities’ concerns just providing good homes for people, but improving and priorities. Local communities need to have a proper their services, improving infrastructure and, indeed, voice in deciding where development should take place embracing the environment. Such developments are not and which areas should be protected in local plans, but about simply concreting over land. once that is done, there must be a meaningful presumption As ever, the clock is against me, but that is probably in favour of sustainable development, which is at the good for Opposition Members, as I was about to turn heart of the national planning policy framework. my attention to the previous Government’s disgraceful There has been a lot of misinformation, and not all policy. I find it quite astonishing that Opposition Front of it coming from shadow Ministers. Some sections of Benchers, given their dreadful policies that would have the press give the impression that the presumption concreted over thousands of acres of our green belt, would mean that developers could build what they can criticise Government Members and, notably, Front want, where they want, when they want, and how they Benchers, so I commend this framework and look forward want. That must not be the case. Presumption of sustainable to the transition powers and all that they will bring. development gives more power to local communities rather than taking it away. Planning authorities, as 5.14 pm other hon. Members have pointed out, will still refuse James Morris (Halesowen and Rowley Regis) (Con): developments that go against their local plan. Developments I think it was Lord Palmerston who is supposed to have that cause significant harm will not be approved. However, said that only three people had ever really understood putting those local plans into action will be simpler and the Schleswig-Holstein question: Prince Albert, who faster. Housing and regeneration projects that are proposed was dead; a German professor, who had gone mad; and in local plans should be approved quickly, because we Palmerston himself, who had long since forgotten it. urgently need sustainable development and regeneration The same might be said for what passes for the current to lead the economy forward, especially in areas such as planning framework. At well over 1,000 pages, it is far the black country which I represent. too long and, divided between more than 20 planning A number of world-class construction companies are policy statements that do not always seem to be consistent based in the black country, making the sector one of the with each other, it is much too complicated. The complexity largest employers in the area. Many of my constituents and bureaucracy of the planning system has created rely on a strong building industry for their jobs. A quick what I would call a tyranny of experts, where ordinary glance at the list of companies helping to build the 1159 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1160

[James Morris] resented locally. Rather than being forced to comply with diktats from a distant and faceless regional quango, Olympic facilities, for example, shows that black country Elmbridge borough council has replaced the regional construction companies are competing with the best in plan with a local plan, after extended local consultation. the country. That has provided a big boost for many Elected councillors will be accountable to residents for companies and has safeguarded countless jobs. We must planning policy. That strengthens local democracy and look at what we can do to remove the barriers that are I welcome it wholeheartedly. stopping such firms building the new homes that we I have a number of points and questions on the need and regenerating our town centres. When we can detail. My understanding is that once a local plan is in see for ourselves that the number of homes being built, place it will govern the planning process for individual even before the recession, was well below what was applications and will not subsequently be trumped by needed, and when we can hear for ourselves companies the framework. If so, that might be spelled out a bit from all sections of the construction industry saying more clearly in the draft framework. I would also be that the planning system is part of the problem, we need grateful if Ministers clarified whether the presumption to take action to give the economy the boost it needs. in favour of sustainable development applies only where The four black country local authorities—Dudley, no local plan is in place. If so, it would be useful to be Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton—have worked explicit on that point. If not, the relationship between hard together to make development across the black the two needs further elaboration. I urge the Government country more business friendly. They believe that their to give primacy to local democracy. joint strategy will pave the way for 60,000 new homes I welcome the provisions in the draft framework that and up to 250,000 square metres of retail development explicitly acknowledge that the green belt serves the across the black country. purpose of preventing the merging of towns and wider urban sprawl. I note from the draft framework that Mr Marcus Jones: Earlier in his contribution, my there is a narrow list of exceptions to the general rule in hon. Friend mentioned neighbourhood planning. Does paragraph 144 that it is inappropriate to build on green he agree that neighbourhood planning is extremely belt. Are those exceptions subject to the strictures in important for local communities? Is it not disappointing the local plan or can they override it, and with it the that local authorities such as Labour-controlled Nuneaton democratic credibility that the Government have so and Bedworth borough council have not been willing to painstakingly built up by abolishing the regional plans? engage local communities in the front-runners scheme? Beyond the green belt, I welcome the exhortation Does he acknowledge that that stifles the opportunity in paragraph 122 for developers to work closely with for local people to have their say in the planning system? communities affected by development. Many communities want a safeguard in case developers do not listen. If James Morris: My hon. Friend makes a good point there is one criticism, it is that the draft framework is a and he is standing up for his constituents. little light when it comes to explaining how the democratic As I was saying, the four authorities in the black checks that we have built so carefully into local planning country believe that their joint strategy will create up to policy formulation will translate into the individual 95,000 jobs. application process. I hope that the revised draft can be beefed up in that regard. We need to ensure that we are doing our part and that the Government are doing their part to make it easier to In my view, the developer’s right of appeal over the create the sustainable development that our communities heads of our democratically elected councils should be and local economies need, and I believe that the planning curtailed and the balance shifted in favour of local reforms in the Localism Bill and the NPPF go a long communities and their representatives. In particular, I way towards achieving that. should like to see stronger safeguards—I am relaxed about whether they are in statue or guidance—enabling a major development to be blocked by the local council 5.21 pm as a whole, a majority of local ward councillors or a Mr Dominic Raab (Esher and Walton) (Con): Thank local referendum, which would empower residents directly. you, Mr Speaker, for the opportunity to speak in this That seems particularly germane to the practical operation important debate. of the principle of the community’s right to buy, which is set out in the draft framework. Elmbridge borough, which covers my constituency, is The framework must not be viewed in isolation, and 57% green-belt land. I have therefore been inundated, I welcome the new homes bonus. For too long, the last like many colleagues, with letters and e-mails that seek Government allowed untrammelled development in certain reassurance and a degree of extra clarity about the draft areas and creamed off the tax revenue from the sale of national planning policy framework. new properties, with communities seeing far too little of I endorse the Government’s principal aim of streamlining that money coming back to support local infrastructure. the bureaucracy of the planning process. Much has The new homes bonus will address that, which is crucial been made of the bureaucratic impact on developers because development without the resources to provide and the economic cost, but it is worth bearing in mind the public services to accompany new residents creates how the planning system that we inherited from the considerable local resentment. previous Government also tied up local councils in that Even with the new homes bonus, however, it must be expensive bureaucratic process, at considerable cost to right that local authorities can take into account the the taxpayer. costs that developments bring and the burdens on schools, I also recognise the bigger picture. I am delighted that councils, roads, GPs and other local services, in the Government scrapped the south-east plan, with its co-ordination with the providers of those services. If top-down targets for Elmbridge, which were bitterly that is what is meant by sustainable development, it 1161 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1162 might go some way towards allaying fears if that could The third reason for accepting the framework is that be spelled out directly. Likewise, there is relatively minimal it will protect the environment. That view is supported guidance in the draft framework on the right to refuse by the Countryside Land and Business Association. development to mitigate flood risk, which is an important The fourth is the economic argument that it will provide factor in my constituency. Perhaps that, too, might be a system to get our economy moving. spelled out a little more clearly. I wish to mention the “town centre first” policy. I I am confident that we can get the balance right in the have great sympathy with those who argue in favour of framework. It is important, and the overarching aim retaining office use within that policy, because offices behind it is sound. I am even more confident that provide the consumers who support the retail and hospitality Ministers will take due account of the points expressed sectors, which we are defending in the framework. by colleagues during the debate, and by the experts and In conclusion, the economy is stagnant, yet prime other groups outside the House, so that we end up with land for development lies untouched because in recent a framework that both cuts bureaucracy and strengthens years our planning framework simply has not worked. localism. Our reforms represent a fundamental step change in Mark Pawsey rose— community power and provide a much better system for economic development. The Government should not be Bob Russell rose— swayed off course by the lobby that has rallied against them in recent months. Mr Speaker: Order. The wind-ups are due to begin at 5.30 pm, so we have time for a very short contribution 5.30 pm from Mr Mark Pawsey. Jack Dromey (Birmingham, Erdington) (Lab): This 5.26 pm debate has been wide ranging and informed, with many memorable contributions, and has been conducted in a Mark Pawsey (Rugby) (Con): I say at the outset that constructive and cross-party way, focusing on what the it is important not to underestimate the importance of hon. Member for Folkestone and Hythe (Damian Collins) this afternoon’s debate, because we are talking about called a matter of crucial concern to our communities the development of land, and once land is developed it and our country: the future of the planning system. remains developed. There is no going back. When Indeed, such was the nature of the 60 hours of debate development takes the form of a building, the average that we had on the Localism Bill that the Minister of life of a structure is 60 years, so it is very important that State, the right hon. Member for Tunbridge Wells (Greg we get these things right. Clark), listened with an open mind to strong criticism What are the reasons for changing the system? I of the Government’s fundamental changes to our planning believe there are three. The first is the lack of public system of 60 years standing. He listened to the concerns participation in the planning process. Local communities that we expressed and to a coalition of the concerned often feel that they have no power in the face of the from the business community, through to the planners development industry and are unable to influence what and those charged with safeguarding our countryside happens. They have things done to them, not by them. and heritage. A decent man, the philosopher king of The second is the housing failures that we have heard localism—he agreed that big changes to the Government’s about, with last year seeing the lowest number of peacetime proposals were necessary. house building completions since 1923. The third is the failed system of 1,000-plus pages of guidance. Imagine, therefore, how the Minister must have felt, Mr Speaker, having on the Saturday offered constructive It is interesting that the simplifications have been dialogue with the National Trust, the Campaign to welcomed not only by the shadow Secretary of State Protect Rural England and the Royal Society for the but by the opponents of the Government’s proposals. Protection of Birds, when he woke up on the Monday The Chair of the Communities and Local Government to read a declaration of war in the Financial Times—a Committee, the hon. Member for Sheffield South East declaration announced by the formidable presence of (Mr Betts), drew attention to the evidence that we heard the Secretary of State for Communities and Local from Simon Jenkins of the National Trust, who said that Government and the omnipresent Chancellor of the “everyone agrees the planning system needs localising and needs Exchequer. “This is a battle we must win,” they declared. updating.” “We will fight them on the hillside, in the dales and on I believe there are four positive reasons for accepting the beaches.” The propaganda machine then went into the framework with enthusiasm. The first is that it full throttle. The National Trust, a charity of more than embraces localism and involves local people. It is only 4 million members and with more than 60,000 volunteers— right that local people should have a leading role. The the quintessence of the good society—was accused of second is that it places the views of the broader community running a left-wing smear campaign to justify its own above those of narrow groups. For example, paragraph 167 existence, supported by what Ministers now believe to states that authorities should be the Pravda of the British press, The Daily Telegraph. “give great weight to protecting landscape and scenic beauty in We are talking about a charity that has more than National Parks”. 100 million visits to its properties every year—including, Regrettably, there will always be those who oppose any I understand, one only last year by the Bullingdon club, kind of development, but I believe the Government although I am not sure whether that was to admire our have been courageous in dealing with that problem. heritage or to smash it up. Professor Sir Peter Hall, whose lectures I attended in On the criticisms of the planning system, the hon. the ’70s, has praised the Prime Minister for Member for Mid Dorset and North Poole (Annette “defying the extraordinary narrow lobby” Brooke) made the point in her characteristically honest presented by those who support nimbyism. way that, in her words, the system achieved much over 1163 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1164

[Jack Dromey] first”policy. The hon. Member for Winchester (Mr Brine) was right when he said that the existing definition was the last 50 years. In the light of some of the contributions clear and that it should continue to obtain in the future. that have been made, it is important briefly to put the record right. The Government have said that the planning Mr Marcus Jones: Will the hon. Gentleman give way? system is broken and that there are too many refusals. Wrong: the Government’s own figures show that 86% of Jack Dromey: Given the time available, I will not. applications were approved by district planning authorities The “brownfield first” policy was working. Last year, last year. The Government have told us that the planning 76% of new dwellings were built on brownfield sites, up system does not deliver enough permissions to meet from 55% in 1989. There are currently enough brownfield housing need. Wrong: in 2006 and 2007, before the sites on which to built 1.2 million homes. The Government financial crash, Labour’s planning system delivered more must put the heart back into our high streets by protecting, than 500,000 permissions for new homes, tens of thousands not weakening, the “town centre first” policy, and the above the 60,000 now needed each quarter to meet our hon. Member for Waveney (Peter Aldous) was right to housing need. The Government have also said that the ask the Government to do precisely that. They must not planning system is a huge barrier to growth. “It’s far weaken the requirement to provide affordable housing, too slow,”they say. Wrong: last year, 81% of developments which is fundamental to meeting a growing housing for districts were dealt with within eight weeks, rising to crisis and ensuring the future prosperity of our young 92% within 13 weeks. people. They should accept Labour’s proposed transitional In need of improvement? Absolutely, and it was arrangements to ensure certainty for local people, common ground in the debate on the Localism Bill that communities and developers alike. The hon. Member the planning system was capable of improvement. A for Castle Point (Rebecca Harris) was right to say that, broken planning system? Absolutely not. A planning during the transition, local communities should be protected system that is responsible, as some in the Government from predatory bids. have alleged, for near-zero growth and a collapse in As the excellent contribution from the Chair of the house building? Utter nonsense. Select Committee, my hon. Friend the Member for My right hon. Friend the Member for Greenwich and Sheffield South East (Mr Betts), made clear, the Woolwich (Mr Raynsford) was right to say that it was Government must recognise that their duty to co-operate, this Government who were responsible for residential as it stands, is toothless and will not allow for the kind planning permissions falling to 25,000—the second lowest of effective strategic planning that England needs in number of permissions granted in a quarter in the past order to deliver on our future needs in housing, economic five years—and causing chaos in the planning system. development, waste management, transport, infrastructure And it is this Government who are responsible for a and the mitigation of climate change. We must not have mortgage market in which no one can get a mortgage. a planning system that is increasingly combative, rather The hon. Member for Colne Valley (Jason McCartney) than consensual, with applications being decided in the and my hon. Friend the Member for Lewisham East courts as the number of appeals goes through the roof. (Heidi Alexander) were both right to say that that was In the chaos that is unfolding in our planning system, having a serious impact on development and developers more homes there will be: second homes in Marbella because, although planning permission exists to build built by planning lawyers salivating at the prospect. 300,000 homes, the mortgage finance—and the finance Finally, the Government need to move beyond polarising more generally—just is not available. the debate by demonising their critics. Today we have The Government have ripped up a 60-year-old system heard voices from all sides of the House— [Interruption] that delivered in the public interest, striking the balance —from all sides of the House saying “Ministers must between growth and development, on the one hand, think again”. We need to remember that whatever and the protection of our natural environment and a amendments the Government make, they are making real say for local people, on the other. Emerging from the most fundamental changes to a national planning the ashes of the war, the great planning settlement of system that has been in place for 60 years. 1947 sought to reconcile growth and development with I ask the Minister to respond to this. Does he agree a genuine say for local people and the protection of our that, once the changes are made to the draft national natural environment. Now, in the 21st century, in these planning policy framework that have been demanded desperate economic times, we need growth and by both sides of the House, there will be a second development. My constituency of Erdington might be process of consultation? In particular, will he indicate rich in talent, but it is one of the 12 poorest in Britain. I now that the transitional period should, as we have represent a constituency that badly wants to see growth argued, be extended? Will the Government ultimately and development. However, the reformed planning system have the courage of their convictions and hold a vote on must be built on those same fundamental principles, the final national planning policy framework—in the and it must work. House of Commons and in the House of Lords—so Today, in the light of this first-class debate, we want that we can have a system in which the public can put to say to the Government that fundamental changes are their trust for years to come?+ necessary. The Government must put in place a workable presumption in favour of genuine sustainable development 5.41 pm that will give confidence that our countryside and environment will be protected. The hon. Member for The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Mid Dorset and North Poole was right to ask why we Communities and Local Government (Andrew Stunell): should not continue to use the 2005 definition. The There was a great deal of consensus in the debate up to Government must restore Labour’s successful “brownfield the point when the hon. Member for Birmingham, 1165 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1166

Erdington (Jack Dromey) said that he was hearing There is a pressing need for reform of our national voices. I welcome this opportunity to debate the planning policy. The hon. Member for Birmingham, Government’s proposals. The new national planning Erdington seemed to be caught betwixt and between. policy framework is an important document and we He accused us, on the one hand, of ripping it up, but, have had a positive and constructive debate on it, on the other, of arguing that we need a presumption of covering not just the NPPF but the broader context of sustainable development. Perhaps the Labour Front the Localism Bill. Debate on this subject has been Bench team needs to establish exactly what it believes is carried on outside the House as well as inside it not just its principal criticism of what we are doing. today but for the last three or four months—and we are all the better for it. The Government are making time Joan Walley: The argument is not about sustainable available for further discussions in the House of Lords development, but about its definition. We do not want a on 27 October. definition under which economic development simply As of this morning, 13,700 responses have been received trumps all the other aspects of sustainable well-being. to the consultation, of which some 3,700 are substantive individual ones. The debates in the two Houses will be Andrew Stunell: I hope to cover that point more fully taken into consideration. Indeed, if any hon. Members in a few minutes. The hon. Lady and I, surprisingly felt that their contributions were cramped by today’s enough, are on the same page. It is not a question of limitation on time, we will hold that door open for a few whether to have sustainable development. In fact, the more days for them to submit written representations emphasis is on “sustainable” not “development”. I shall on the document. Quite a number of today’s speakers come to that in a moment. have already sent in representations, which are also The current system is unworkably complex and has welcome. been criticised soundly by hon. Members on both sides We have heard contributions from 35 Back Benchers of the Chamber. There are more than 1,000 pages of and interventions from quite a number more. That national planning policy and at least 6,000 pages of shows how important this issue is as a fundamental guidance. I challenge any Member, even if they have development in the way we approach the creation and 26 years of professional background, to say, in all safeguarding of communities in this country.This planning honestly, that they have read all 7,000 pages—nobody system is the way we make communities work. We has. It is a long-running accident. The complexity of create places we are proud of and proud to live in; we the system not only slows down decision making and lay the foundations for businesses to grow; and, as has frustrates the sustainable growth of the country, but been a constant theme today, we develop a system that alienates and frustrates local people. It does not allow not only protects but enhances our green spaces, our fortherapidcreationofthenewhomesthatwedesperately parks and our countryside for our enjoyment, and for need for young families who are already struggling to generations to come. scrape together a deposit or stuck on an endless waiting list, and it hinders the creation of the new jobs that will Bob Russell: On the preservation and retention of breathe fresh life into local economies. green spaces, the Secretary of State made a personal That is bad enough, but on top of that, as all hon. visit, for which I am most grateful, to see the fields of Members have experienced, the planning system too west Mile End in Colchester, which I hope can be saved. often reduces people, at a local level, to impotent rage My concern is where local authority A decides to dump and denies them any real engagement in shaping the a large part of its housing right on the border of local future of their communities. That cannot be a good authority B, which is what Tendring district council is system. A streamlined system focusing on key priorities planning to do on Colchester borough council. Surely will be more accessible and transparent. In the future, the local decision making must be made by the people anyone who wants to understand the principles informing who are most directly affected and not by the local how decisions are made will be able to do so. That does authority that is doing the dumping. not suit many of the professionals, but it should suit our constituents and the House. Andrew Stunell: I shall certainly respond to my hon. Friend, because the same point has been raised by others, including the right hon. Member for Leeds Simon Hughes (Bermondsey and Old Southwark) Central (Hilary Benn), who asked how the duty to (LD): I agree completely with my hon. Friend. In co-operate will work. I think that my hon. Friend is constituencies such as mine, where there is pressure for asking the same question. The duty requires—not allows, much more affordable housing, it is exactly the sort of but requires—ongoing constructive engagement on all thing that my constituents would want to participate in. the strategic matters arising between councils when they Does he share my view that, for it to work, the viability prepare their local plans, and councils will be required of development proposals needs to be open to full scrutiny? to consider whether they enter into agreements on joint Often developers say, “We can only do 10% affordable approaches and on the preparation of joint policies on property, because otherwise the figures do not add up.” cross-boundary issues. They will also have to satisfy the In reality, they could do more, but are never forced to independent examiner of the local plan and to demonstrate reveal their hand and so sometimes get away with doing compliance with the duty of co-operation when they do far too little. so. If they fail to satisfy the independent examiner, the plan will fail. That would be a powerful sanction to Andrew Stunell: My right hon. Friend makes a very encourage council A to bear in mind the importance of interesting point. I hope that he has encapsulated it in taking into account its consultation and co-operation the representation that I know he has submitted to the with council B. I hope that my hon. Friend finds that consultation, and that if he has not, he will make a response helpful. second submission. 1167 National Planning Policy Framework20 OCTOBER 2011 National Planning Policy Framework 1168

[Andrew Stunell] will prove to be a mistake in some instances. At the beginning of the debate, my right hon. Friend said in The Government are keen to put matters right. The his emollient way that we were taking careful account of new planning architecture of the national planning all the representations we have received, and we certainly policy framework and the local development framework— are in that respect. the core strategies that have been referred to so frequently today—and the neighbourhood and parish plans must Martin Horwood: I entirely sympathise with my hon. be taken together and seen in context. Friend’s wish to move to a definition of environmental value, but, as I pointed out in my speech, even that Mark Pawsey: The Minister refers to the importance reference in the NPPF is heavily qualified by reference, of plans. Does he agree that the essential purpose of the again, to development and growth. That rather undermines NPPF is to put those plans in place, and that local the point that is being made. authorities that fail to put them in place should be urged do so by both Government and Opposition, so Andrew Stunell: Given that my hon. Friend’s submission that there is a template against which development to the consultation is longer than the NPPF itself, I am proposals can be measured? sure that it covers that point. My right hon. Friend made it clear—not for the first Andrew Stunell: My hon. Friend is right. I shall deal time—that there will be transitional arrangements, but with some of the specific points that have been raised in it would be presumptuous to set them out before our a moment, although several of them are quite detailed, friends in the House of Lords have disposed of the Bill and I shall not have time to respond to all 35 Members or it has returned to us. We therefore must approach who have spoken. We will make a serious effort to write this issue in a measured fashion, but we understand the to those whom I do not manage to respond to today. points that have been made, even if the critics appear to be a little confused about whether the result of the Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: I wonder whether the Minister proposals will be a slowing down or a speeding up of can answer one point that was raised by a number of development. Certainly, uncertainty is unwelcome and Members. Do the Government intend to introduce needs to be dealt with. transitional arrangements, so that local authorities such as mine which were not encouraged to draw up local Jack Dromey: Will the hon. Gentleman give way? plans under the old regional spatial strategy system will have time to do so? Andrew Stunell: I am sorry, but I do not have enough time. Andrew Stunell: The hon. Gentleman is a page ahead On the presumption in favour of sustainable of me, but I will get there very shortly. development, the debate has focused on the term Of all the thousands of comments that have been “development” rather than the term “sustainable”. Some made about the NPPF so far, very few have challenged good points were made, both in our debate and in the the importance of both the simplification and the representations we received, about alternative ways of localisation that we have set out. I would have said that approaching this issue and, as my right hon. Friend none had done so, but, funnily enough, a former planning said, we are bearing them all in mind. However, let me Minister, the right hon. Member for Greenwich and quote from a 1949 planning circular: Woolwich (Mr Raynsford), said that he was one of “In cases where no serious issue is involved, and where the those who considered this to be the best of all possible authority can produce no sufficient reason for refusal, the presumption planning systems. His view was somewhat contradicted should be in favour of granting the application.” by my right hon. Friend the Minister of State’s quotation Things have moved on since then, and we have a plan-led from Lord Rooker, which demonstrated that that simply system, but the presumption in favour of sustainable was not so. development that we propose will strengthen that plan-led system, not undermine it. Quite properly, today’s debate has largely concerned the precise shape, the exact wording and the detailed I have already commented on the duty to co-operate. nuances of what we have proposed in the NPPF and the The right hon. Member for Greenwich and Woolwich Localism Bill. Let me now deal with some of the key cannot be in the Chamber now, but he gave some points made by Members. I will begin by tackling what statistics, and I want to put on the record that home seem to me to be some of the principal issues. One is ownership fell to its lowest rate since 1990 during the our use, or rather non-use, of the word “brownfield” . 13 years of the Labour Government, and that they We have referred instead to land of the “least managed to combine that reduction with a 440,000 fall environmental” quality. in the number of social and affordable homes. Regardless of what the planning system delivered, the Labour There is a clear reason for that. We think that land of Government certainly did not deliver. the least environmental quality should be taken first, and we recognise that some brownfield land is of high Several Members emphasised the importance of bringing quality. It may be the quarry that has been left for empty homes back into use, and the Government agree. 40 years and is now the next best thing to a self-managed We have set aside £100 million to fund a programme to wildlife sanctuary, or it may be back gardens. There are achieve that, and we are also about to launch a consultation a number of circumstances in which brownfield land on other measures that can help. I welcome the broad may have become recreational. Indeed, there is an example support this will receive in the House. in my constituency that is sufficiently contentious to be The hon. Member for Stoke-on-Trent North (Joan prayed in aid. Using brownfield land as a planning Walley) said the planning system must be consistent category and turning it into the first priority for development with the Government’s other aims. She referred to the 1169 National Planning Policy Framework 20 OCTOBER 2011 1170 national resources White Paper and the work of the Air Passenger Duty Department of Energy and Climate Change and the Motion made, and Question proposed, That this House Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, do now adjourn.—(Angela Watkinson.) but we should also mention the work being done by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills and 6pm the Treasury to generate growth. The planning system Henry Smith (Crawley) (Con): Thank you very much, must reflect both the priorities of the Government and Mr Speaker. May I say how extremely grateful I am to the priorities of local communities. This debate is about have the opportunity to hold this Adjournment debate? how we can get that balance right. In this place I might be known as the hon. Member This debate has been a small but significant part of for Crawley, but my constituency is perhaps better the important process of building a planning system of known for being the home of Gatwick airport, the which we can be proud—a system that supports growth world’s busiest one runway, two terminal airport. It is and change where that is needed to create jobs and also home to a number of significant aviation industry homes, that creates health and prosperity for all companies, such as Virgin Atlantic Airways, TUI Travel communities, and that enhances and preserves our country’s and British Airways. My arguments for not increasing unique natural and built environment. To respond to air passenger duty and for simplifying the system are another point that was made in our debate, that includes not simply parochial; Great Britain’s historical success 20th century buildings. has been not only as a politically assured, innovative We must establish a planning system that leaves future country, but as a trading nation, and we have a unique generations admiring our foresight, not condemning set of global links. In addition, approximately 30 million our selfishness. I believe the framework we have produced hard-working Britons save each and every year to fly off can do exactly that, and I urge the House to support the on well-deserved holidays. motion. Like the debate we have in the Gatwick area about the future of the airport and whether or not it should Question put and agreed to. expand, the debate on the future of APD is about Resolved, balancing economic growth and the needs of environmental That this House has considered the matter of the National protection—I care passionately about both. It is right Planning Policy Framework. that aviation should contribute to dealing with its environmental impact, but that needs to be put into Mr Speaker: We come now to the Adjournment perspective and weighed against its economic contribution. debate. I appeal to hon. Members who, inexplicably, are Aviation accounts for about 5.5% of UK total emissions. leaving the Chamber to do so quickly and quietly so To put that in context, road transport emissions account that the rest of us can hear from Mr Henry Smith. for about 18% and energy production emissions account for about a third of the UK total. In addition, it should be noted that the aviation sector contributes some £53 billion to UK GDP and employs almost 1 million people, in addition to the further 1.5 million employed in our tourism industry, and that about half of this country’s population fly each year. The history of APD goes back to the early 1990s, when a charge of £5 was introduced for flights to EU countries, with a £10 charge for flights to rest of the world destinations. Under Labour, over the past decade, that was significantly hiked up to a point where British aviation taxation has become by far the highest in Europe—indeed, it is eight and a half times the European average. It is worth noting that only four other European countries charge a form of APD, with a further five European countries—Denmark, Belgium, Norway, Malta and the Netherlands—having abandoned the charging of APD. The Dutch Government abandoned APD as a taxation because it brought in the equivalent of £266 million to their exchequer but cost an estimated equivalent of £950 million to the Dutch economy. For our own Government’s part, I very much welcome the announcement that my right hon. Friend the Chancellor of the Exchequer made in the last Budget on the freezing of APD. I also very much welcome the taxation of business jet aviation for the first time ever, so long as the collection of that tax does not cost more than it brings in. I very much congratulate the Government on their consultation on the future of APD in order to get the widest possible view on that. That is all in stark contrast to the Labour party, which did not even mention the issue in its pre-election manifesto and does not seem to have a plan B, although we are quite used to Labour not having a plan A on the economy. 1171 Air Passenger Duty20 OCTOBER 2011 Air Passenger Duty 1172

Mr Andy Slaughter (Hammersmith) (Lab): This is the Gavin Shuker (Luton South) (Lab/Co-op): I congratulate second time I have come to listen to what the hon. the hon. Gentleman on securing this debate not once, Gentleman has to say and I had hoped that his speech but twice, not least because it gives me the opportunity would be somewhat non-partisan. I remind him and the to welcome the Economic Secretary to the Treasury to Minister that the Conservative party said in its manifesto her new role—a well-deserved promotion. Does the that it would move to a per-plane duty and would not hon. Gentleman agree that part of the problem with keep the current banding system, which is seen to be this issue, with which I am very sympathetic, is the fact wholly unfair. I hope that both the hon. Gentleman and that there is a gap between the Treasury and the Department the Minister will address what will be done to remove for Transport in that the Treasury leads but the Department the unfair anomalies in the system. for Transport is required to produce plans for airports and aviation? Henry Smith: I thank the hon. Gentleman for his intervention. He is absolutely right that a per-plane Henry Smith: I am grateful for that intervention. The duty was discussed and I understand that there were holy grail of government is joined-up government, with some legal problems with it. It is important that we as a all Departments and the Treasury working together. country should finally get right the future of aviation My right hon. Friend the Minister for the Cabinet taxation in the round, not only for the sake of hard-working Office and Paymaster General is doing a great job in families who want to enjoy a holiday now and again trying to achieve that. but, most importantly, for our economy. The World Economic Forum’s international tourism Quite apart from what we think in this place about competitiveness report ranked the UK 134th out of the future of APD, let me quote what a few others have 138 nations for air taxes, and we are beaten only in the said. Southern rail has added its concerns about a amount we charge by the west African countries of future increase in APD by saying: Senegal, Ivory Coast, Mali and Chad. The chief executive of British Airways said: “Any tax regime that has the potential to impact negatively on “Aviation in the UK is the most undervalued and overtaxed Gatwick Airport’s growth plans also has the potential to impact industry in Britain. We want to play our full part in assisting on Southern’s growth plans. We work closely with the airport and Britain’s economic recovery, but we are held back by levels of tax in recent months we have seen growth in airport passenger on flying which are higher than anywhere else in the world”. numbers and growth in its public transport market share. We would not want this momentum to be lost or hampered as this and added that the increases would cost BA an extra will impact on the medium term growth aspirations of our £100 million and put more pressure on ticket prices. At business”. the recent launch of a new Air Asia X route from Kuala The airport has said: Lumpar to London Gatwick, its chief executive stated that it is commercially more difficult to operate from “Gatwick is a family airport. Our passengers pay £400 million in APD every year, which goes straight into the Treasury’s coffers. the UK than from France. He pointed out that 10% to It is difficult to understand why hardworking families, whose 12% of its passengers flying from Paris to Kuala Lumpar household bills are rising every month, should pay so much extra are British nationals. That gives a sense of the shift that just to go on holiday. For many of them, it’s a luxury they save all passengers are already starting to make. year to afford.” The Gatwick Diamond Business Association, which Naomi Long (Belfast East) (Alliance): We in Northern represents all the economy and not just the aviation Ireland have an interest in airport duty. Does the hon. sector in the sub-region, has said: Gentleman agree that there is an irony that we, as island nations that have to use air transport to make those “The tax regime is having a negative impact on the UK’s ability to connect with emerging markets.” important international connections, are taxed so highly in comparison with many other regions? There is also a In his speech in Manchester just a couple of weeks challenge in trying to join up what happens not just ago, my right hon. Friend the Prime Minister pointed with Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs and other out how one of the keys to UK economic growth is the Departments, but, particularly in terms of the growth need to connect better with the growing markets in Asia of our economy, also with the Department for Business, and South America. The Gatwick Diamond Business Innovation and Skills. Association went on to say: “Increasing tourism from the Far East is important too and in Henry Smith: The hon. Lady makes a very good point. total the hospitality sector is the fifth largest in the UK. This I have been pleased to see that in the context of Ireland, could grow by 10% over the next five years alone…provided they between the north and the south, there has been some are given the ability to derive their fair share of the forecasted improvement. Her point about our being island nations growth in global travel.” and relying on trade—and therefore in this day and age Another local firm in the Gatwick diamond area, on aviation—is extremely well made. CGGVeritas, has taken about 1,500 flights to meet its The chief executive of the Association of British global customers in the past year and estimates that it Travel Agents has said: has paid up to £50,000 of its budget just on the APD “It is vital that the Government understands the damaging portion of those air tickets. impact that APD is having on the tourism industry in the UK. We Virgin Atlantic, headquartered in my constituency, already pay the highest levels of aviation tax in the world, and if takes the view that aviation has a critical role to play in the Government goes ahead with its double-inflationary increase UK tourism and the wider economic recovery through and levies”— encouraging visitors to these shores ahead of the Olympic as will happen on 1 January with the European emissions and Paralympic games, but this economic potential is trading scheme tax— being stifled by ever increasing levels of air passenger “on top of this…we will see another eye-watering increase in the duty, which are already the highest in Europe. tax burden on the industry and on holidaymakers”. 1173 Air Passenger Duty20 OCTOBER 2011 Air Passenger Duty 1174

The CBI has also rightly highlighted the fact that The proposal is economically misguided because while aviation is a critical pillar of the UK economy. Crawley- proponents of the policy say that it would rebalance the based companies such as TUI Travel, which is perhaps UK economy by moving key business routes to regional better known in the domestic market as First Choice airports, it misunderstands the fundamental economics and Thomson Holidays, are world leaders in developing of long-haul business routes and ignores the fact that biofuels to mitigate their environmental impact. Indeed, London’s airports serve the whole British economy. I am delighted that just a couple of weeks ago, they Indeed, London is a global-class city and, with the started regular biofuelled flights. Virgin Atlantic, another south-east, a world-class region, connecting with and local company, has invested in the very latest new competing against the likes of southern California, the aircraft with the highest environmental standards. east coast cities of Japan and China, the greater Frankfurt In addition to those quotes from the industry, I area and the Ile de France among others. Finally, the should like to outline some figures that clearly demonstrate proposal is environmentally dubious because it perversely how the UK’s aviation tax burden is significantly in risks increased carbon emissions if south-east passengers excess of those of our nearest competitors. As I have drive hundreds of miles to regional airports for cheaper said, we already charge by far the highest in Europe. To flights. More indirect flights—for example, London fly from the UK to a European destination, we charge Heathrow to Manchester; Manchester to New York— £12 in APD, whereas Germany charges £7 and France would result in more movements and more take-offs charges just a single euro to travel within the EU. To and landings. travel from the UK to New York, we charge £60 in In conclusion, I believe that if APD is increased APD, whereas the Germans charge £22 and the French further and not simplified we risk damaging growth by charge just ¤5. To travel from the UK to Sydney, increasing the tax burden on families and by giving our Australia, we charge an APD rate of £85 at the moment, European competitors an unfair advantage in a global whereas Germany charges £39 and France charges just market. Additionally, it could create an unintended, ¤5. I do not think that anyone can accuse the Germans negative environmental impact when we are already of not being astute in economic or environmental policy. more than off-setting our aviation carbon emissions, and that is before we join the European trading scheme If APD were to increase from next April, there would in the new year. Indeed, the TaxPayers Alliance, using be a huge percentage increase in just six years. For the Department for Transport’s own figures, has highlighted example, a family of four travelling on holiday to Florida the fact that, following the APD increase in 2007, in economy class in 2006 paid £80 in APD, whereas they aviation more than covers the cost of its environmental would currently pay £240. If the increase goes ahead, impact by at least £100 million. It also points to research they would pay £260 in 2012, representing an increase by the Economic and Social Research Institute which of 225%. A business party of four travelling to Shanghai found that doubling APD back in 2007 might have in premium economy in 2006 were charged £160 APD; actually increased emissions because it reduces the relative currently they are charged £600 and in 2012, if the price difference between near and far holidays. increase goes ahead, the charge will be £656, representing a percentage increase of 310%. My final example is that In welcoming the Minister to her position and of a retired couple travelling to Australia to visit family, congratulating her, I appeal to her and the Treasury to again in economy class. In 2006, they would have been think again, for the sake of our economy and our charged £40 in APD, currently they would be charged hard-working families, about increasing the APD burden £170 and in 2012, if the increase goes ahead, they would further still. be charged £186, representing the biggest percentage 6.18 pm increase of 365%. The Economic Secretary to the Treasury (Miss Chloe Simplifying APD would benefit not only citizens of Smith): I congratulate my hon. Friend the Member for the UK but Her Majesty’s subjects in the overseas Crawley (Henry Smith) on securing this debate and territories. For example, the Government of the British thank him for his response to the air passenger duty Virgin Islands are rightly concerned that, as currently consultation earlier this year. structured, APD is charged at a higher level to travel I will address the content of my hon. Friend’s speech there than to fly to the west coast of the United States and some of the specific points raised by hon. Members because the system is based on where the capital of a in a moment. First, let me say as the new Minister country is. It should not be forgotten that there are five responsible for APD that not only did it fall on my desk British overseas territories in the Caribbean, as well with a thump in my first week, but the main challenge is as the many other Commonwealth countries around to get the policy right for the long-term benefit of the world. passengers, the industry, the economy and those who Before I conclude I wish to refute one suggestion have responded to the consultation. I very much agree mooted recently, which is that London and south-east with my hon. Friend about the importance of the originating flights should pay an enhanced amount of aviation sector. That goes without saying for all of us APD compared with the rest of Great Britain. I am here in the debate. It employs substantial numbers of very much opposed to that proposal because it would people—my hon. Friend’s constituents and others—directly be unfair, unnecessary, economically misguided and or indirectly in the UK and is among the most productive environmentally dubious. It is unfair because, as I have sectors of the economy. I recognise that aviation is also said, we already pay one of the highest duties in the an enabler and a catalyst for many businesses in the world. Millions of people living in the south-east and UK. The hon. Members for Belfast East (Naomi Long) London should not have to pay extra just to fly from and for Luton South (Gavin Shuker) pointed out the their local airports. It is unnecessary because the proposed vital need for joined-up government so that we can get growth of regional airports between now and 2050 is taxation and regulation functioning sensibly together significant. and contributing to growth in the economy. 1175 Air Passenger Duty20 OCTOBER 2011 Air Passenger Duty 1176

[Miss Chloe Smith] The good news is that the consultation enabled Ministers to go into all those issues in more detail. The hon. Let us be very clear: we all want UK aviation, and Gentleman will know that in the Budget, the Chancellor sectors such as the travel industry that rely on aviation, announced that, for the first time, as my hon. Friend the to succeed. That was the starting point for the APD Member for Crawley described, APD would be extended consultation launched at Budget. It is why my predecessor, to passengers flying aboard business jets, which is another my hon. Friend the Member for Putney (Justine Greening), important feature that we have made clear. That addresses spent a lot of time over the past year talking and a clear unfairness in the system, and the consultation listening to airports, airlines and various organisations, invited views on how that should be addressed. including those overseas, to understand their concerns, I cannot promise the hon. Member for Hammersmith and I hope to do the same. I note that she will be (Mr Slaughter) or anyone else that we will meet everyone’s spending more time on transport issues than she might wishes, but we will try to deliver an APD system that is have anticipated only a few days ago. It is because we fairer, simpler and more efficient, and the Chancellor understand the pressures facing consumers, as my hon. will set out those details in due course. On the hon. Friend the Member for Crawley has outlined very capably, Gentleman’s point about per plane duty, to make the that the Chancellor froze APD in the Budget in March. position clear, the UK’s international obligations in Despite that, some people have called for a cut in that area include air service agreements with more than APD. We must be frank about the situation in which we 150 countries, including the 1944 Chicago convention. find ourselves, as my hon. Friend has said. When we We will not introduce per plane duty at present because came to office last year, we inherited a fiscal deficit of of concerns about legality and feasibility.We will, however, historic proportions, and action has been necessary to work with international partners to continue building try to steady the ship, if you will forgive another transport consensus. pun, Mr Deputy Speaker. If we are to put the economy back on the path to sustainable growth, it is imperative Gavin Shuker: Will the Minister give way? that we tackle the deficit and that we take contributions from all parts of society. Unfortunately, I cannot promise Miss Smith: Briefly, as I must conclude. the House that APD will be cut in the near future. I know that many hon. Members are concerned about Gavin Shuker: I want to make just a small observation. other aspects of APD, including the changes that the Before the election, the Conservatives campaigned on previous Government made to the structure of APD in moving to a per plane duty. Given the complexity that 2009. My hon. Friend has referred to some of those the Minister mentioned, can she shed some light on why changes and their impact on our Commonwealth partners. they said that they would do so? Many stakeholders have complained about the previous Government’s changes to the banding structure of APD. Miss Smith: The glory of coming into government is Some have pointed to the anomalies created by that that one realises that all sorts of things are worse than structure, including my hon. Friend, and we have received one imagined, and that is a case in point. As I have said, a number of representations from those who feel that the legality and feasibility of that approach have been flights to Caribbean destinations are unfairly penalised. clarified quite extensively. Following in my predecessor’s footsteps, I will hold a I will touch briefly on the question of the devolution series of meetings with stakeholders on that subject. of APD. As hon. Members will know, the Chancellor announced that from 1 November 2011 the rate of Mr Slaughter: I congratulate the Minister on her APD for direct, long-haul passengers departing from appointment, although she has been handed a bit of a Northern Ireland will be cut to the short-haul rate, poisoned chalice. which I hope we all agree is good for constituents in Belfast East and elsewhere in Northern Ireland. That My constituents who travel regularly to the Caribbean measure was in response to the unique challenge facing are concerned about the anomaly. Before the election, Northern Ireland and is designed to ensure that local the hon. Member for Putney (Justine Greening), who airports remain competitive. However, in order to provide was then shadow Economic Secretary, often posed in a permanent solution to the issue, the Government have photographs with Ministers from the Caribbean and launched a process for the devolution of APD to the gave assurances about those anomalies. We understand Northern Ireland Assembly. We are working in close that many other assurances will not be kept, including consultation with the Executive to take that forward. I on the move to per plane duty. Will the Minister at least would also like to offer my thanks, and those of my give us the comfort that the Caribbean anomaly, if I can predecessor, to members of the Northern Ireland Affairs put it that way, will be addressed, whatever the Government Committee for the diligent and helpful input they provided propose? on the issue. Let me also say a few words about APD and the Miss Smith: I can certainly give the hon. Gentleman regions, which hon. Members may be interested in. We an assurance that I shall carry on meeting representatives received around 500 responses to the APD consultation, from the Caribbean and, indeed, from Australia and many of which related specifically to the question of New Zealand very shortly, to discuss those concerns. I regional APD rates. It is certainly fair to say that there am afraid, however, for reasons I shall come on to, that is no consensus on the matter. Some regional airports it is rather difficult at this precise moment to give him have asked us to consider lower APD rates for the further assurances, because the Government are due to regions, but several airlines and hon. Members have respond to the consultation. I shall shortly deal with the asked us to consider the opposite. I note the views of detail of that, and with his points about per plane duty. my hon. Friend the Member for Crawley in this regard. 1177 Air Passenger Duty20 OCTOBER 2011 Air Passenger Duty 1178

On that question, and on the broader reform of APD, directive most of the allowances for the system will be the Government aim to publish a full response to the given to airlines for free. In looking forward, however, consultation later this autumn. We will of course take the Government will assess the revenue requirements into account the views expressed in this debate. from aviation taxes, including those from the ETS, in There is one other issue that has been raised which I the round. must address quickly: the environmental impact of aviation. In conclusion, I hope that we can continue to have We must recognise the scale of the challenge that confronts constructive debates in a way that helps deliver a tax us. Since 1990, CO2 emissions from UK aviation have system for air transport that is fair and sustainable for more than doubled. In 2010 they accounted for around the long term and puts us on a positive footing in the 6% of total UK CO2 emissions. As other sectors world. I thank my hon. Friend the Member for Crawley decarbonise over the coming decades, aviation emissions again for bringing this matter to the attention of the are likely to make up an increasingly large proportion House. of total UK emissions. The Government’s approach to Question put and agreed to. this problem is a pragmatic one. The international nature of aviation requires an international response, which is why we support the inclusion of aviation in the 6.28 pm EU emissions trading system from 2012. At the same House adjourned. time, the Department for Transport, in true joined-up fashion, is considering the best way to tackle local environmental impacts as part of its aviation policy review. I know that some have called for the abolition of CORRECTION APD once aviation enters the ETS, but I must point out, as others have done, that APD is fundamentally a revenue-raising duty and currently raises around Official Report, 19 October 2011, in column 954, the £2.5 billion a year. The forecast revenues that will result contribution attributed to Jonathan Evans should be from aviation joining the ETS are only around £0.1 billion attributed to Jonathan Edwards (Carmarthen East and a year, reflecting the fact that under the relevant EU Dinefwr):

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response on those three areas shortly, and certainly in Westminster Hall good time before the Committees resume taking oral evidence in a few weeks. Thursday 20 October 2011 On what are called military end-use controls, a key issue in how to deal with dual-use goods, I very much welcome the Government acting on the Committees’ [MR EDWARD LEIGH in the Chair] recommendation to produce specific proposals for strengthening such controls. I gather that the Government Arms Export Controls have now proposed a specific strengthening of article 4(2) of the relevant European Union regulation. I urge them Motion made, and Question proposed, That the sitting to continue to press for the amendment of that article be now adjourned.—(Bill Wiggin.) so that we can achieve greater strengthening of control over military end-use. 2.30 pm Sir John Stanley (Tonbridge and Malling) (Con): I Lorely Burt (Solihull) (LD): I am sorry to intervene am glad to open what I hope and expect to be the first so early in the right hon. Gentleman’s speech. On that of our annual debates on the reports of the Committees point, does he agree that we could urge the Government on Arms Export Controls. First, I thank the members to look at the work on the on-sale of arms to third of the four Committees for their contributions to our countries, and that we could do a little more to ensure report, which sets a high standard of detail, incisiveness that the arms that we are selling to friendly or neutral and relevance to current events, with particular reference countries do not end up in the wrong hands? to north Africa and the middle east. I also thank the staff of our Committees for their invaluable contribution in bringing together our report, and I thank Ministers Sir John Stanley: I entirely agree with the hon. Lady’s and their officials for the substantial volume of detailed point. That is one of the central areas on which we information that they have provided to the Committees constantly keep watch. It is of prime importance that in the response to our report and in answer to our when an export licence is granted to a particular country subsequent extensive questions. One of my objectives, for a particular piece of military equipment or particular which is shared by the members of the Committees, is goods, we as the exporting country know that that is to achieve a higher level of transparency in our work in where the items concerned will finish up. I am grateful the key area of arms export controls, and I believe that to her for making that point. we have made a good start in that direction. I come now to sodium thiopental and torture end-use I start with various aspects of the arms export controls controls. An extremely creditable bit of investigative system. Much of the debate will focus on the situation journalism revealed to us in the autumn of last year that in north Africa and the middle east, which I will come a small company, in Acton I think, was exporting on to, but it is important to cover this central area of sodium thiopental to certain states in the United States the controls system, and I begin with the Export Control that still use capital punishment and that the substance Organisation. I see the attraction for the Government was among the chemicals used in the execution of and, most particularly, for the Treasury of changing the prisoners. In other words, items coming out of this system of funding for the ECO. The Government are country were being used for capital punishment purposes considering a proposal whereby that funding is taken in the United States. Our Committees were deeply concerned out of public expenditure and therefore from the general and the Government did react. We have debated with body of taxpayers and is made the responsibility of the the Government whether they reacted quickly enough, arms exporting industry. There are, however, possible but they did impose export controls on that particular risks and dangers in going down that route, because a item. We have now asked for those controls to be crucial feature of the ECO is its clear independence. We carried out more widely. I very much welcome that the have no doubt whatever about the integrity of all the Minister himself wrote to the EU High Representative civil servants who work in the ECO, but the Government Baroness Ashton and urged that the controls we brought must answer the question of whether a change to the in as the UK’s national controls over the export of basis of its funding might change public perception sodium thiopental should be applied EU-wide by means from seeing the ECO as an independent watchdog to of an amendment to the EU torture goods regulation. I seeing it instead as a poodle of the arms exporting hope that the Government will continue to press for companies. That would be detrimental to the perception that important amendment to be made, so that we have of our UK arms export controls. I hope that the Minister EU-wide controls and ensure that, EU-wide, we are not of State, Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, making a chemical contribution to capital punishment my hon. Friend the Member for Hertford and Stortford executions in the US. (Mr Prisk), and his colleagues will consider that point On the proposed international arms trade treaty, I carefully. am glad to tell the House that, since our report was We made recommendations about three particular published, the Committees have had a useful informal issues: brass-plate companies, the pre-licence registration meeting with our former ambassador to the conference of arms brokers and extraterritorial arms export controls. on disarmament in Geneva, John Duncan. I would like I must express my acute disappointment that, six months to put on the record that Ambassador Duncan performed after we published our report and its recommendations, outstandingly in his contribution to the preparatory we have still not received a substantive response from committee phase of that key negotiation, and made a the Government on any of those three important policy signal contribution to the current situation. We now areas. I put it to the Minister that we expect a substantive have before us at least three quarters of a draft treaty, in 339WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 340WH

[Sir John Stanley] scale of the revocations is unprecedented, I contrast them with, for example, the revocations made by the a text, in advance of the crucial negotiating phase, previous Labour Government following the Israeli armed which will take place next year. The Government in hostilities in Gaza. The number of revocations then, their response said: mainly in relation to components given by British exporters “The Government is committed to securing an effective, legally to the Israeli navy, were a handful, so this order of binding international Arms Trade Treaty. The UK continues to magnitude is unprecedented. play a leading role in the UN process on the Arms Trade Treaty to In our questions to the Government, we asked for a this end.” list of all the licences that have been revoked. It makes I urge the Government to ensure that the UK continues extremely interesting reading. They are all there in the to be a major driving force in hopefully bringing the Government’s response—25 pages listing the revocations. treaty to a conclusion in 2012. It is extraordinarily helpful to the House and to the Finally on the arms export control system, I come to wider public that we now have that information. It lists bribery and corruption, and I want to make two points. in each case the end-user country and the details of the First, our Committees recommended that an anti- equipment sold. But there is one common denominator corruption provision should be included in the arms behind each and every revocation, and it is given in the trade treaty, and I trust that the Minister will assure us “reasons”column. In every case, the reason for revocation that the British Government will do all they can to was the Government’s conclusion that the licence now ensure that that happens. Secondly, the Committees contravenes criteria 2 and 3 of the consolidated criteria. were somewhat concerned that the Government were I remind the House that criterion 2 states that no licence taking too narrow a view in dealing with bribery and will be granted for corruption with regard to arms exports. In our subsequent “equipment which might be used for internal repression”. series of questions to the Government, we asked: Criterion 3 states that no licences will be granted for “Will the Government confirm that if it becomes aware of equipment corruption in arms deals it will, regardless of whether there is a risk of diversion or re-export under Criteria 7, take appropriate “which would provoke…prolong…or aggravate” action under the provisions of the Bribery Act 2010?” armed conflicts. I am glad that in their latest response to us the Government I and, I am sure, the whole House welcome the have answered with an unequivocal “Yes”, and that is revocations absolutely, and we welcome the scale of the very welcome indeed. revocations, but the key point, which the Government I come now to the Government’s arms export policy in seem to be reluctant to acknowledge, is that the scale of the light of the Arab spring, particularly in relation to the revocations is the clearest possible evidence of the arms that could be used for internal repression contrary scale of the misjudgment that took place when the to criterion 2 of the consolidated criteria and for provoking export licences were originally granted. The Government armed conflict contrary to criterion 3. I want to start by must address that—the scale of the misjudgment. The putting what I believe are the absolutely essential facts reality is that under the previous Government—we on the record since the Government announced their took our analysis back to January 2009—and under the review of arms export licensing in the light of what has present Government that misjudgment continued up to happened with the arrival of the Arab spring. the dawn of the Arab spring, as journalists who managed I am mystified why the Foreign Secretary and the to get into the ransacked British embassy in Tripoli Foreign Office keep saying that the first announcement found. They found papers there indicating that right up of the review was made by the Foreign Secretary on to the start of the Arab spring, we were engaged in 16 March in answer to a question from the hon. Member major military support and military activities vis-à-vis for Basildon and Billericay (Mr Baron) at a meeting of the Gaddafi Government. the Foreign Affairs Committee. It is clear from the With that sort of background, one might have expected documentation that the first announcement was made the Government in their response to be somewhat contrite, by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and even apologetic, but sadly that has not been so. When I Commonwealth Affairs, the hon. Member for North came face to face with the Foreign Secretary in the East Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt) in his press release on Foreign Affairs Committee on 7 September, I found his 18 February. It was a highly significant press release, to initial written statement giving the Government’s interim which I shall return. view of their review—the 18 July statement—profoundly In the wake of the announcement of that review, misleading, and I will explain why. It contained the there has been a revocation of existing UK licences for following sentence: arms exports on a scale and over a geographical area “The review concluded that there was no evidence of any totally unprecedented since the Committees were first misuse of controlled military goods exported from the United formed more than 10 years ago. I cannot over-emphasise Kingdom.”—[Official Report, 18 July 2011; Vol. 531, c. 79WS.] the extent to which that is the most enormous jump Of course there was no evidence. One has only to look from anything that has previously happened. From the through the 25 pages of items that we exported to see documents that we have received from the Government, that their nature was overwhelmingly such that their I believe that a total of 158 extant arms export licences origin could not be identified when they reached the to countries in north Africa and the middle east have specified countries. They were made up of electronics, been revoked as a result of internal repression or the communications equipment, cryptography, ammunition risk of it as a consequence of the Arab spring. Those and sniper rifles. There are no Union Jacks on bullets arms export licences have been revoked in no fewer than and sniper rifles. The Foreign Secretary said that there eight countries: Abu Dhabi, Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, was no evidence, but of course there was no evidence, Libya, Qatar, Syria and Tunisia. When I say that the and we did not have anyone on the ground anyway. 341WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 342WH

The Foreign Secretary continued: That is a crucial sentence but its meaning is wholly “Consultations with our overseas posts revealed no evidence unclear, and it is an issue that the Committees must that any of the offensive naval, air or land-based military platforms scrutinise and look at in considerable detail in their next used by Governments in north Africa or the middle east against report. They will need to be persuaded that the substantial their own populations during the Arab spring, were supplied from errors of judgment that have taken place will not reoccur. the United Kingdom.”—[Official Report, 18 July 2011; Vol. 531, c. 79WS.] Toby Perkins: I am grateful that the right hon. Gentleman I tabled a question to find out what offensive naval, air did not accept my intervention the second I offered it, or land-based military platforms we had supplied to because he has partially answered my question. Given countries that were the main focus of internal repression that the Foreign Secretary’s review went on for some in north Africa and the middle east during the Arab time, was the right hon. Gentleman surprised at how spring. Last week, the Minister replied: to Bahrain, little detail it contained about how the proposed changes none; to Egypt, none; to Syria, none; to Tunisia, none; will be delivered? There were a relatively small number to Yemen, none. At that point, he must have breathed a of suggestions about possible outcomes, but little detail sigh of relief in thinking that he was about to break the on how those outcomes would be delivered. Having Government’s duck, and he said that we may have sold read the review, is the right hon. Gentleman confident up to 12 armoured personnel carriers to Libya. He was, that the Foreign Secretary has told the House exactly however, obliged to add: how improvements will be delivered? “We cannot verify whether these items were actually exported.”— [Official Report, 12 October 2011; Vol. 533, c. 443W.] Sir John Stanley: As I have said, I remain to be Therefore, the Foreign Secretary’s statement suggesting persuaded that the Government have satisfactorily addressed that all is well and that none of the offensive military the key issue regarding the scale of misjudgments that platforms exported from Britain have been used in the have taken place. The key sentence is the one about new countries under discussion is based on a complete chimera. criteria, which I have quoted. The hon. Gentleman is I have great respect and admiration for the Foreign right that we need a great deal more detail about what Secretary, but if his officials, who no doubt drafted that that statement means in terms of the export control statement, think that they can pull the wool over the system and how it will be operated by the Government eyes of the Committees on Arms Export Controls and in future. of the House, they are making a serious mistake that I hope will not be repeated. Jeremy Corbyn (Islington North) (Lab): I am sorry The Foreign Secretary’s most recent statement on that I missed the first part of the right hon. Gentleman’s 13 October was a distinct improvement, but I still need speech and I thank him for the way in which he is to be persuaded that the Government have addressed presenting the report. He makes a good point about the the root of the problem that has been illustrated by the suspension of licences. Is it the case, however, that Arab spring and the revocations that we have been licences are suspended once weapons or equipment are obliged to make. The Foreign Secretary stated: used and the media choose to report it? The abuse of human rights has been going on for a long time. The “The review concluded that there are no fundamental flaws with the UK export licensing system.” abuse of human rights in Bahrain is not new, and neither is the abuse of individual human rights in Saudi It may—or may not—be true that there are no flaws in Arabia. What is different in Bahrain is that the world’s the system, but I am not persuaded that the Government media have been on the ground reporting on the treatment are addressing the key point about flawed judgments of those who are opposed to the regime, which has within the system. The inescapable fact is that judgments provoked the suspension. have shown to be widely over-optimistic and rose-tinted regarding the sale to authoritarian regimes of weapons Sir John Stanley: I entirely agree with the hon. Gentleman that could be used for internal repression. that the serious abuses of human rights that have occurred The Foreign Secretary continued: in all those countries subject to revocation orders—I “The Government propose to introduce a mechanism to allow would also add Saudi Arabia, to which I am about to immediate licensing suspension to countries experiencing a sharp refer, even though there has been no revocation thus deterioration in security or stability,” far—have been going on for a long period. That poses but that does not address the central problem, because the central question whether the Government have done suspension becomes relevant only after export licenced enough to ensure that in future we do not put weapons goods have moved out of the UK. Suspension means that can be used for internal repression into the hands that a licence has already been granted and that the of regimes in which the abuse of human rights is goods have left the UK and are out the door—the endemic. bullets have bolted and in the hands of an authoritarian I have three final points. First, I believe that the regime. Although a better system of suspension would Government are skating on thin ice in their present provide a good safety net, it does not deal with the policy of the non-revocation of a single arms export central issue of making a correct initial judgment about licence to Saudi Arabia. I understand the reasons for whether to grant an export licence. that policy, but regret that so far the Government have Toby Perkins (Chesterfield) (Lab) rose— been less than forthcoming—indeed, pretty much non- forthcoming—about the real reasons why they treat Sir John Stanley: If the hon. Gentleman will wait one Saudi Arabia so differently from those other countries moment, I will finish my point. to which I have referred. I am in no doubt about the The Foreign Secretary added: reasons behind the Government’s policy: there is an “We also propose the introduction of a revised risk intelligence dimension, an oil dimension and a British categorisation,”.—[Official Report, 13 October 2011; Vol. 533, business interest, all of which are perfectly relevant and c. 41WS.] legitimate ministerial considerations. I believe, however, 343WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 344WH

[Sir John Stanley] regimes worldwide. I therefore put these questions to the Minister. Did the Government extend their review that the Government would do better to be open with to authoritarian regimes worldwide? If not, why not? If the House and the Committees about why their policy they did, have they decided whether to make any revocations towards Saudi Arabia is so conspicuously different from of existing arms export licences as being in contravention that applied to the other countries in question. I hope of criteria 2 and 3? If they have made any such revocations, that Ministers will reflect on that point. what are the specific licence revocations and to what As I have said, the Government are skating on thin countries do they relate? Those are the questions to ice in their policy of non-revocation in Saudi Arabia. which we want answers. I hope that the Minister will Among the important questions that we asked in our assure us that we will receive those answers very soon. supplementary responses to the Government response, Finally, I come to the Government’s policy on exporting we asked the Government to state the totality of the arms and equipment to countries where they might be extant arms export licences to Saudi Arabia and their used for internal repression. In my remarks so far, I value. I am glad to say that we have been provided with have had to be somewhat critical of some of the comments that information. Those members of the Committees made by Foreign Office Ministers, but at this point I who are present have the information and know that warmly commend the Under-Secretary of State for there are pages and pages of it. I am grateful to the Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, my hon. Friend Government for giving us that detail, but I intend to the Member for North East Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt), offer hon. Members the details of just one little box on his statement announcing the Government’s review among the multitude of boxes relating to extant export of arms export controls on 18 February. He got the licences to Saudi Arabia. It refers to wording and the punctuation, which is critical, absolutely “assault rifles, blank ammunition, components for assault rifles, correct. I shall read into the record and for the benefit components for general purpose machine guns, components for of hon. Members the key sentence from the Minister: machine pistols, components for pistols, components for rifles, “The longstanding British position is clear: We will not issue components for semi-automatic pistols, components for submachine licences where we judge there is a clear risk that the proposed guns, general purpose machine guns, machine pistols, pistols, export might provoke or prolong regional or internal conflicts,”— rifles, semi-automatic pistols, submachine guns, training small arms ammunition”. that comma is crucial— “or which might be used to facilitate internal repression.” That is just one little box among a multitude, and hon. Members will immediately see that each and every one That is absolutely correct wording and punctuation, of the items to which I have referred is usable for from which hon. Members will see that there are in fact internal repression. two separate tests. There is the “clear risk” test as to whether the proposed export could aggravate conflict. Alongside that, I place a report that appeared recently If we had just the “clear risk” test, we could probably in the British press about the way in which, in the wake end up justifying the sale of pretty well anything to any of the Arab spring, the Saudi security authorities were country. We could say, “Well, there’s a bit of a risk, but dealing with unrest among the Shi’a minority in Saudi it’s not a clear risk, so we can sell.” We would probably Arabia. The report related to the Shi’a town of Awamiya. draw the line at Chairman Kim Jong Il in North Korea, It stated that President Mugabe and the Burmese military junta, but “there have been protests for democracy and civil rights since for everyone else, we could say, “Well, the risk isn’t clear. February, but in the past the police fired into the air. This is the Let’s get on and sell.” first time they have fired live rounds directly into a crowd.” That is why the second part—the remainder—of the There is a huge plethora of weapons, components and Minister’s statement is critical: munitions that are now in Saudi Arabia, exported from this country, that are not, in value terms, part of the “or which might be used to facilitate internal repression.” very high end of British exports, which for Saudi Arabia I say very firmly to this Minister and to the House that are for national defence, self-defence and so on. Alongside the Committees on Arms Export Controls attach the those is this group of exports, which are wholly available utmost importance to that wording and to its retention to be used for internal repression. I will not be at all by the British Government, so that we can be assured surprised if, before the Arab spring runs its course, the that British weapons and equipment will not be used for British Government find that they have no alternative internal repression. but to end their policy of absolute non-revocation of I hope that I have not gone on too long. I hope that any arms export licences to Saudi Arabia. our report has been truly helpful to the House and to My second point is that a crucial recommendation the wider public. I very much look forward to hearing made by the Committees has not been answered: the contributions of other right hon. and hon. Members, and of course I await the Minister’s reply. “We further recommend that the Government extends immediately its review of UK arms export licences announced by the FCO Minister, Mr Alistair Burt, on 18 February 2011 to authoritarian 3.7 pm regimes worldwide in respect of arms or components of arms which could be used for internal repression.” Katy Clark (North Ayrshire and Arran) (Lab): I congratulate the Chair of the Committees on Arms The Government said in their response: Export Controls on the way in which he has presented “Although this review was originally commissioned in response the report today. He has said many things that many of to events in the Middle East and North Africa, any conclusions us who are members of the Committees fully agree will apply to our procedures for arms exports to all countries.” with, and I suspect that many other hon. Members will Applying conclusions to all countries is a different also be pleased that someone in his position has said matter from the particular question that we asked—whether those things, because the reality is that Governments of the Government would extend their review to authoritarian all political persuasions have followed a course whereby 345WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 346WH they have misjudged the risks that arms being sold by As everyone in the Chamber will be aware, it was Britain have presented not only under authoritarian reported during the Arab spring that authoritarian regimes in the middle east and Africa, but under many regimes used British weapons to repress their own people. regimes throughout the world. Weapons sold during 2010 to countries such as Bahrain The reason for that may well be the huge economic included CS hand grenades, sniper rifles, shotguns and benefits that Britain has acquired in the past from the tear gas—the kinds of weaponry it would be reasonable arms trade. I believe that Britain is second only to the to expect that authoritarian regimes would use for United States in terms of the money that it makes from internal repression. Indeed, Libya was sold crowd-control the arms trade. I understand that in response to a ammunition, small-arms ammunition and tear gas among freedom of information request by the Campaign Against other things. In the first eight months of 2010, the Arms Trade, it was confirmed that between 2000 and weapons sold to Syria, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Algeria, 2009 the UK took $93 billion in defence exports. This is Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, among other countries in the a key debate for us all, because we need to recognise region, were all of the type that we would expect regimes that there is huge economic and political pressure on to use in internal repression. Governments of all persuasions to allow the trade to This week, Campaign Against Arms Trade reported continue. It is therefore important that the Committees that although sales to the region dipped in March, they on Arms Export Controls, which were established by increased from April to June. It also reported that the the previous Labour Government, have continued in Government have approved arms exports of about this Parliament. I welcome the report and today’s debate £1.7 billion to Saudi Arabia. It would therefore be on it, and I hope that that is a sign that we will have useful if the Minister were to confirm whether there has regular debates on this issue and that the Government been an increase in the sales of weaponry in recent will listen carefully to what the Committees say. months, particularly to the middle east and north Africa. I am a junior member of the Committees, which I As my hon. Friend the Member for Islington North joined fairly recently. When I first joined, one concern (Jeremy Corbyn) has said, there is always a fear that was that the Government were perhaps not treating the Governments react only when there is media attention Committees as seriously as had previously been the case. and political focus on an issue. I hope that the fact that That was partly because the report that the Government there has been a response to the Arab spring and that a provided the Committees with was far shorter than review has been announced means that we will start previous reports, although the Minister will no doubt reviewing these issues and look at not only the short assure me that it made up for that in quality. The fact term, but the long-term policy. that more junior Ministers were sent to give evidence to One issue that I want to focus on, which the Chair of the Committees also led to concern. I therefore urge the the Committees did not focus strongly on, is the work Government to ensure they do not create the impression the Government are doing in the lead-up to the arms that the Committees and their work on this issue are not trade treaty, which we hope will be in place in 2012. Will being treated seriously. the Government give us assurances that they are doing everything possible to ensure that we achieve as robust a The Minister of State, Department for Business, Innovation treaty as possible and that Britain is at the forefront of and Skills (Mr Mark Prisk): Specifically on that point, work to ensure that the treaty has an impact worldwide? and as a junior member of the Government, let me One issue I have looked at recently is the manufacture assure the hon. Lady that both Cabinet Ministers I of depleted uranium armaments. I would be interested work with on this issue take it very seriously. Indeed, to hear the Minister outline the Government’s position she is right to say that just because a Government on that and particularly on achieving international report is brief that does not necessarily mean it does not regulation of such weaponry. The Committees have answer the questions, and I hope the subsequent information been given evidence that some states that have traditionally we provided, which the Chair of the Committee identified, looked to the UK for leadership are concerned that it is highlights that. I hope she will accept that point. not giving as much political priority to achieving an international arms trade treaty as was the case previously. Katy Clark: I thank the Minister for that intervention. I would be grateful if the Minister were to assure us that everything is being done to ensure that Britain looks In many ways, successive Administrations have dealt carefully at how our weaponry is used abroad and that with this issue in a similar fashion, as the report makes we have more robust international legislation, so that clear. In the early days of this Government, however, we are not alone in trying to ensure that we achieve Ministers seemed keen to promote arms exports from progress. the UK—indeed, that was true before they took office. In a speech to the Royal United Services Institute in Much of the Committees’ report focuses on the use February 2010, the former Defence Secretary talked of weaponry for internal repression, but there are, of about maximising course, far broader issues associated with the arms trade. It is difficult to know whether it is possible to “the UK’s share of global defence exports”. have an ethical arms trade, but many of us hope that we That points to a dilemma and a conflict, given the can move towards a position where Britain is not as economic interests of Britain and of many of the companies reliant on the defence industry and has a more diverse, that produce these weapons up and down the country—as balanced economy. There has been a lot of debate constituency MPs, we are very aware of the job implications recently about our dependence on the financial sector, of this trade—and the fact that the weapons used by but many of us feel that Britain should be ashamed of authoritarian, oppressive regimes have been sold under our dependence on the defence industry and that we successive British Governments. should move towards a position where we are less 347WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 348WH

[Katy Clark] so would prejudice the capability, effectiveness or security of the armed forces.”—[Official Report, 12 July 2010; Vol. 513, c. 446W.] reliant on it and do not, therefore, feel under such To go back to the time of the previous Government—I pressure to ensure that the trade in armaments continues am criticising the general approach, not the present with repressive and undemocratic regimes. Government—this answer was given in December 2009: “We do not disclose the value of our counter-narcotics assistance 3.18 pm to Colombia. To do so would put British and Colombian lives at risk. This decision has been upheld by the parliamentary Mike Gapes (Ilford South) (Lab/Co-op): I congratulate ombudsman.”—[Official Report, 3 November 2009; Vol. 498, the right hon. Member for Tonbridge and Malling c. 935W.] (Sir John Stanley) on his typically detailed and forceful presentation of the position adopted by the Committees There is a problem, and a serious question of on Arms Export Controls. I have served on the Committees accountability to Parliament. We are told by Ministers on and off for almost 15 years; I served on them as a that the human rights situation in Colombia is not as member of the Select Committee on Defence, I served bad as many critics say. We are told by the Colombian on them in the previous Parliament and I am serving on Government that the situation is improving, and that them again in this Parliament. I have to say, therefore, things are not as difficult or bad as they were. They that the right hon. Gentleman is absolutely assiduous in accept that there were terrible things in the past, but his relentless pursuit of officials and Ministers. When they are doing their best. However, there is no transparency, he issues officials in a Department with a gentle warning, and if the Government are to deal with the deep concerns they need to heed it; if they do not, they will get many that we have, they should provide more detailed information. more communications in the long run than if they had We get information about arms exports, but not about heeded it quickly. military support or training support for counter-narcotics work in Colombia. I want to begin by referring to last week’s written ministerial statement by the Foreign Secretary. Tucked away in the back of it is a paragraph about how the Jeremy Corbyn: I thank my hon. Friend for the way Government can also consider how we can he puts the case of Colombia. Does he accept that there is a problem, because in making their assessments, “strengthen our decision making when we provide security and justice assistance overseas.” Governments tend to work on the dangerous assumption that the armed forces are a seamless whole, working Those issues are linked, because there are countries to under the orders of civilian Government control? They which we export weaponry, where we also provide training do not necessarily think that those forces will have an and engage in intelligence co-operation, and give help osmotic relationship with irregular forces, militias, drug to the civil power on such things as counter-narcotics. dealers or anyone else. Supplying arms to an army It is in that context that I want to talk about two somewhere like Colombia—and there are other places countries; and in doing so I want to raise a wider like it—means, in reality, providing resources that can question about lack of transparency on relevant questions. go anywhere and be used for any kind of repression. Our Committee receives detailed information, some of it confidential, about arms exports. We receive detailed Mike Gapes: I accept that that is a danger. Obviously, breakdowns of the value and general scope of the countries vary considerably, and Ministers and ministries categories of weaponry, and we know which categories vary too. Sometimes the problem is not institutional; exports are in—general or specific. We have information there may be a personnel problem, involving those who about those that are refused and revoked. However, have corrupt or political links with people or organisations unfortunately, similar information is not available about carrying out a parallel policy. some other areas. I could give numerous examples, but will quote just a few. Speaking of parallel policies, I want to discuss what has been happening in Sri Lanka. There was a period The British Government do not sell significant quantities under the previous Government when we were selling a of weaponry to Colombia. That country has had a very large quantity of armaments to Sri Lanka. That was difficult human rights legacy: an insurgency, drug cartels, mainly during the ceasefire, which lasted about two and assassinations and murders of politicians, trade years and then broke down. At that time, a large number unionists and human rights activists. It is thought that of export licenses to Sri Lanka were revoked. As of it is still the country with the largest number of murders 2009, when the civil war between the Sri Lankan of trade unionists. However, we have had—and this Government and the Tamil Tigers came to its conclusion, goes back to the Labour Government—a period of exports from this country were very limited. However, systematic co-operation on counter-narcotics with the the Sri Lankan armed forces undoubtedly used vast Colombian Government and their forces. Yet successive quantities of stockpiled imported ammunition, munitions parliamentary questions have been put to Ministers and weaponry for their armed forces on land and their over the years, and we never receive any detail. In naval forces. Much of that undoubtedly came from the November 2010 such a question received the answer: United Kingdom. “Our counter-narcotics work in Colombia is scrupulously monitored to ensure it cannot contribute to any human rights It now seems that the Sri Lankan Government have abuses. We do not discuss the detail of this narcotics work been lobbying very hard, both before and since the publicly as doing so risks putting UK and Colombian lives in change of Government in this country in 2010, for a danger.”—[Official Report, 29 November 2010; Vol. 519, c. 551W.] relaxation of the current restrictions on arms exports to A similar answer, received in July 2010, was: Sri Lanka. I should like the Minister to give me an “The only military aid we provide to Colombia is for the assurance that there is no change in export policy on Sri ongoing programme of counter-narcotics assistance. It would not Lanka, and that we are not satisfied that the human be appropriate to provide details about this programme, as to do rights situation has improved sufficiently for there to be 349WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 350WH a change of policy. A few months ago, the Government national convention of the president’s political party. I stated that we were awaiting the outcome of an internal wonder whether there was a consistency regarding the assessment by the commission established by the Sri policies on arms exports— Lankan Government, which is due to report next month, before determining whether to press for an independent Mr Edward Leigh (in the Chair): Order. The hon. international inquiry into the serious allegations of war Gentleman is experienced. I am sure that he has read crimes committed in 2009. Those were documented on the report carefully and will be careful to relate his Channel 4 and elsewhere, and by the special representative comments closely to it, and not veer too widely into the established by the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon. former Defence Secretary’s activities. Will the Minister assure me that that means there will be no relaxation until we are satisfied that there has Mike Gapes: I will do so. I wish simply to point out been a significant change of approach in Sri Lanka? that there is an important restriction on Sri Lanka The reason why I raise such concerns is that reports receiving arms exports at the moment. My concern is have appeared—for example, Jason Burke’s in The Guardian whether there is any information that may have led on 13 October—about the number of unofficial visits Ministers to become aware that there have been attempts made by the former Secretary of State for Defence and to change that policy. If not, I would like an assurance his personal adviser Mr Werritty to Sri Lanka, and the on that. The four Select Committees have jointly raised number of meetings that took place between the Minister the issue of arms exports to Sri Lanka in successive in question and senior figures in the Sri Lankan reports. We also took evidence and questioned Ministers, Government. I shall give just one quotation, but there officials and other organisations when they came before are many. The article in The Guardian, talking about our Committee, both in the previous year and before that. 2009, before the general election, states: Finally, I would like to return to what is happening in “With political officers in London telling Sri Lanka that the Arab world. The right hon. Member for Tonbridge Labour was almost certain to lose coming elections, Fox was seen and Malling rightly highlighted the problem of what in Colombo as a major potential asset…Sources say now that might happen in countries that have not yet gone through they received specific information that Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, the a revolutionary transformation. We know that the Bahraini feared defence secretary and the brother of the president, had regime was, at its request, propped up by neighbouring asked Fox to lobby for more access to British weapons.” Gulf Co-operation Council states. Armed forces from Fortunately, the next paragraph states: Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates went into “In fact, with evidence of human rights abuses within Sri Bahrain. As far as I am aware, they have done a policing Lanka mounting, the restrictions were tightened.” operation and have not been engaged. There is no That was under the Labour Government before the evidence of a repression by those forces in Bahrain. general election. Since then, we have seen a number of However, the political situation there remains fraught. visits by Ministers and contacts made with the Sri Its regime is a monarchy, but it is a minority in Bahraini Lankan Government. I would like to know what matters society: it is a Sunni regime ruling a majority Shi’a were discussed. Was a relaxation of arms export restrictions population in a volatile region. Neighbouring Iran has on Sri Lanka discussed in meetings between Defence territorial ambitions on Bahrain and is undoubtedly and other Ministers and representatives of the Sri Lankan meddling in the politics of the Arab world. Government? If so, what was our Government’s response There is potential for further serious violence in to any request? Bahrain. At the moment, we need to be careful about It seems that a parallel policy has been going on. Jim what that violence could do to trigger wider Sunni-Shi’a Pickard wrote the following in the Financial Times on violence, not just there but in other parts of the region. 12 October: There is a significant Shi’a minority in Saudi Arabia, “Last year a memorandum of understanding was struck between and we need to be aware that the Saudi regime, even the Sri Lankan government and…two funds”, though it is more popular than some other regimes in the first being the Sri Lanka infrastructure development the region, has a potential problem. Saudi Arabia has a fund and the second being the Sri Lanka charitable growing, young population that lacks employment fund. He continued: opportunities. If world oil prices go down, as they seem to be doing at the moment, the regime will no longer be “A trust set up by Liam Fox to help Sri Lanka’s development able to use its money in the same way to buy off appears to have achieved nothing other than to pay for the MP’s trips to the country”. potential discontent. We need to be aware that exported British arms could then become available in a volatile My question to the Minister is, why was the former situation. The Government need to look ahead not just Secretary of State visiting Sri Lanka? Did he discuss one or two years, but to what kind of Arab world or arms exports to Sri Lanka or a relaxation of the British Gulf we will have, and what Britain’s role will be. Which policy of restricting defence exports to that country? It side will we be on? is important that those questions be answered, because we know that the Sri Lankan Government have been lobbying hard since 2009 for what they regard as a 3.37 pm normalisation of their relationships with a number of Jeremy Corbyn (Islington North) (Lab): I am pleased countries, in an effort to return to receiving a large to be able to take part in the debate. I thank the right amount of weaponry and components, which they had hon. Member for Tonbridge and Malling (Sir John been getting from the UK for many years before 2009. Stanley) for the way in which he introduced it and the As I understand it, the Foreign Secretary has been to thorough nature of the report. Parliament has come a Sri Lanka only once since the general election, but the long way over the past 15 years. We now have the former Defence Secretary has been there three times in Committees to monitor arms exports, an annual debate the past year to meet its president. He also attended the and the facility to hold the Government to account on 351WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 352WH

[Jeremy Corbyn] with or, at that stage, approve of. We must be careful to condemn human rights abuses when the arms concerned individual export licences. That is a great improvement have been provided by us in the first place. from the past, when there was no facility whatsoever to On the question of the suspension of arms exports to discuss the issues in any way. I therefore want to thank Israel, particularly surrounding Operation Cast Lead in the MPs who have campaigned for that successful change 2008-09, the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and in Parliament’s procedures on the issue over the years. Commonwealth Affairs, the hon. Member for North Clearly, if the procedures are to work, this debate has to East Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt) had an interesting work, and it is more than a little disappointing that so exchange of views with the Chair of the Select Committee. few Members are present this afternoon. Many Members On 10 February 2011, he said: regularly sign early-day motions and other things “I can confirm that UK policy on the export of controlled condemning human rights abuses and arms exports to goods and equipment to Israel has not changed since the Coalition repressive regimes, so it is a shame that they cannot be Government took office. All export licence applications to Israel here to develop that case. are considered on a case-by-case basis against the Consolidated I want to raise many issues, but I realise that even EU and National Export Licensing Criteria.” with the paucity of Members, there is still a limit on The Select Committee then quite rightly said: time. I want to draw attention to the points made by the “We further recommend that if the Government is unable to Select Committee report, particularly the reference made identify any such arms or components of arms, it formally to the judgment and misjudgment of successive withdraws the statement of policy quoted in this paragraph.” Governments concerning what is happening in the Arab There is a belief that the weapons are actually used to world, north Africa and the middle east in particular. further the occupation of the west bank and Gaza and There is a recommendation on enforcement, particularly not for the national defence of Israel. This is a critical against brass-plate companies, which are companies area of policy that needs to be further examined. that are registered in the UK but trading in arms from We have been listening to what is happening in Libya. overseas locations. I realise that that is quite a complex The death of Colonel Gaddafi was announced a few and difficult legal area to deal with, but we have to be hours ago, and there will now be a different Government. tough on British-based operations that in reality evade An interesting picture appeared on Facebook yesterday, any export controls on arms that end up being used for showing a montage of European leaders literally having repression. Page 3 of the report states that hugs and kisses and embraces with Colonel Gaddafi. “there is no justification for allowing a UK person to conduct No one was spared and no one is missing and all the arms exports overseas that would be a criminal offence if carried pictures were taken in the last two years. The arms that out from the UK and we recommend that the Government have been sold to Libya were being delivered up until extends extra-territoriality to all items on the Military List in March of this year, and we were training Libyan forces Category C.” until then, too. There was a close economic relationship The last point to which I wish to draw attention is the with Colonel Gaddafi’s Government, as I do not doubt end-use of torture equipment, much of which is not there will now be with the Transitional National Council. obviously torture equipment but ends up being used as It looks a tad of a short space of time, between March 2011 such when it arrives in the hands of a particularly and October 2011, to be selling arms to a Government repressive regime. who, a month later, we decided were deeply oppressive Earlier, I intervened on the right hon. Gentleman to and had to be opposed by all means— indeed, NATO ask about the revocation of arms export licences to forces helped to oppose that particular Government—to Bahrain, but the same could apply to a number of other the current situation. What goes round comes round. places. It simply is not good enough to decide that an The suggestion of hypocrisy in the policies conducted armed force in a particular country is following all the by successive western European Governments must be relevant Geneva conventions when there is a civil conflict considered very carefully. going on in that society. I mentioned Colombia, but I I am pleased that arms exports to Bahrain have been could have also included the Congo and many other stopped. The human rights abuses there are serious. My societies around the world, where the army is simply hon. Friend the Member for Ilford South (Mike Gapes) not an insular institution that is following Government mentioned the Gulf Co-operation Council forces that orders. It is often dominated by rogue elements, and are in Bahrain. Yes, they are in Bahrain and they are there is an inevitable crossover between them, militia part of the Gulf Co-operation Council agreement, but, activities, criminal activities and drug-related gangs. in reality, their presence there bolsters the Government The same could apply in many other countries in Central of Bahrain and protects them in their wish to continue America where there is not a large volume of British their existence. arms exports but nevertheless there are deep suspicions Human rights abuses in Bahrain are not new. I first of the involvement of armed forces in wholly illegal and met people from Bahraini human rights groups at a UN illicit activities that provoke civilian conflict. At one conference in 1986, which is an awfully long time ago. level, the army presents itself as a reasonable organisation, They were concerned about the suspension of the but at another level, it is not. constitution, the lack of parliamentary democracy, or If we think back to the 1970s, British planes and its limited nature, and the discrimination in that society other equipment and arms were sold to Chile under the and they have been bravely campaigning on those issues elected Government of Salvador Allende. Those planes ever since then. The request to suspend arms sales to were then used to bomb the presidential palace, which Bahrain is not a new one, and I am glad that it has now resulted in the death of the President and the terrible been carried out. We have also exported a great deal of night of Pinochet’s years. Selling arms has an effect, surveillance equipment to the country, which has been even if they are sold to a regime that we might agree used on the opposition and resulted in imprisonment, 353WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 354WH torture and all kinds of other things. I welcome the My hon. Friend asked a very specific question about suspension of sales, which appears in great detail in the Sri Lanka and I thought that it was a very good and Select Committee report and the Government’s response very fair question. The Government of Sri Lanka were to it. very quick to use the ceasefire process to stock themselves Saudi Arabia, which has been mentioned by two of up with large amounts of arms while arms sales to Sri the previous speakers, is the biggest single importer of Lanka are currently suspended. There is a huge diplomatic British arms. The sales between Britain and Saudi Arabia initiative by the Government of Sri Lanka to be allowed are absolutely massive. It still makes me angry to think to buy arms all around the world. The human rights about how the previous Prime Minister bar two, Tony situation in Sri Lanka is not right: there are still too Blair, intervened to suspend a Serious Fraud Office many people in prison; there are still too many people investigation into the al-Yamani arms contract with suffering; and there is still a lack of a rehabilitation Saudi Arabia. He said that it was not in the national process that can bring about a proper peace there. interest to investigate that particular contract because it Given those factors, we have no business to be selling was too big and too important to BAe Systems. I am arms to Sri Lanka. sorry but if we are serious about human rights, democracy and protecting people’s lives, we should be equally Mr Prisk: I did not have the chance earlier, because serious about what we sell, what we export, what we the hon. Member for Ilford South (Mike Gapes) moved profit from and what practices we condone by not being on to other topics, but for his assurance, the House’s prepared to investigate them. I hope that the regime of assurance and the assurance of the hon. Member for control of arms exports that the Committees suggest is Islington North (Jeremy Corbyn), I am happy to say something that the Government will take on board. that the policy on Sri Lanka has not changed, and that is a categorical position. The last couple of points that I want to mention come from the Amnesty briefing, which says: Jeremy Corbyn: I thank the Minister for that intervention “It is vital that a strong commitment to human rights and international law are a core part of the final ATT.” and I am very relieved to hear that, because the lobbying on this matter by the Sri Lankan Government is quite It then urges the UK Government to intensive. “Prevent sceptical governments from trying to use the ‘consensus’ In conclusion, I want to echo the point made by my as a way of watering down or de-railing the ATT process. hon. Friend the Member for North Ayrshire and Arran Prevent a weak treaty from being a dangerous backwards step for (Katy Clark). If we as a country rely on a large volume human rights and international law. of arms exports and on an arms industry, we run the Express support for the ATT to include the ‘Golden Rules’ that risk of being culpable in the abuse of human rights, the prevent transfers”— killing of civilians and the promotion of conflict. We so that there is a proper end-user system, and— should think quite seriously about these things and “Support comprehensive scope, including conventional weapons about the role that we play. Perhaps we should instead of all kinds.” embark on a longer-term strategy of being less dependent on the arms industry and arms exports, and put the We are talking in part about highly sophisticated weaponry, skills in the arms industry towards the creation of more night-sight equipment, surveillance equipment and all socially useful products. The skills and abilities in the the rest of it, but I have seen—as have other Members in arms industry are fantastic, and the knowledge in the this Chamber—the most appalling abuses of human industry is incredible, but that knowledge can be used rights in the Congo and other places. There is nothing for good things just as much as it can be used to sophisticated about any of it. There is nothing sophisticated produce weapons that can end up causing the most about the weaponry that is used. It is a lot of second-hand appalling destruction, even if that was not the intention Kalashnikovs and second-hand weapons that have been behind their use when they were initially exported. bought on the open market anywhere around the world. Those weapons are used to create the most appalling mayhem that kills a very large number of wholly innocent 3.52 pm people who are merely trying to survive in an area that, unfortunately, is blessed with huge mineral wealth, which Toby Perkins (Chesterfield) (Lab): Thank you very is of greater interest to mining companies than the much, Mr Leigh, for calling me to speak. human rights of the people concerned. I start by welcoming the work that has been done by We have a lot to learn from what has happened in the the Committees under the chairmanship of the right past few months. I welcome the fact that arms exports hon. Member for Tonbridge and Malling (Sir John have been suspended in many cases. I hope that the Stanley). The work that has been done by the Committees, Minister will take on board the point that I made in an including the production of this report, and the extent intervention to my hon. Friend the Member for Ilford of the scrutiny that the Government are under in this South concerning the examination of the role of a area do great credit to the right hon. Gentleman and the military in a particular society, the quasi-independence Committees. I hope that he will pass on the thanks and under which the military operate and the activities that warm congratulations of the Labour party and, I believe, the military might be wholly illegally engaged in. It is of Members from all parties for the work that the not good enough for the Government of a particular Committees are doing. That work is unquestionably country to come along and say, “Our military do what adding tremendously to the transparency in this important we say,” when we have a great deal of suspicion—indeed, area, and it is extremely valuable. The success that the there may well be a lot of common suspicion among Committees have had on the decision about sodium other countries—about what the military in that country thiopental was a worthwhile sign of the importance of actually do. their scrutiny. 355WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 356WH

[Toby Perkins] half those people being employed directly and the other half employed in the supply chain. The defence industry The Committees have scrutinised the statements that accounts for about 10% of manufacturing jobs in the have come from the Government, particularly the recent UK. A study by Oxford Economics found that the UK statement from the Foreign Secretary. The right hon. defence industry has a highly skilled work force, as my Gentleman was somewhat generous in saying that the hon. Friend the Member for Islington North (Jeremy Foreign Secretary could not be blamed as he was only Corbyn) has said, with 39% of the workers in the reading out the words that his officials had put in front industry holding a NVQ level 4 qualification, which is a of him. I am sure that there are many Secretaries of similar percentage to that in the UK’s banking and State who would be grateful to be scrutinised in that finance sector. There are high-value manufacturing and way. None the less, it is clear that a very thorough piece engineering jobs in the industry that would be very of work has been done by the Committees. difficult to replace if they were lost. According to the I will talk about some of the contributions to the previous Government’s 2009 value added scoreboard, debate, but prior to that I will talk briefly in my capacity the aerospace and defence sector added £12 billion in as the shadow small business Minister about the importance value to the economy. In addition, Oxford Economics of the defence industry. The defence policy, as has been also found that a £100 million investment in the industry expressed by the Government in their response to the generates an increase in gross output of £227 million Committee’s report, is about defence first and industry and increases Exchequer revenues by £11.5 million. The second. If we as a human race had managed during the defence industry is very important to us. past 3,000 or 4,000 years to come up with a better way Alongside that, however, there is an issue that was of resolving our differences than getting into military raised by my hon. Friends the Members for North conflict, the world would be a better place, but we have Ayrshire and Arran (Katy Clark) and for Islington not done so. As a result of that, the defence industry North. They suggested that, within the redevelopment exists. and the rebalancing of our economy, it would be preferable The defence industry is not only crucial to Britain—it if defence played a less significant part. The implication is an industry in which we are world leaders—but it is that I took from their comments was that they were an industry in which, notwithstanding many of the suggesting not only that we should grow the rest of the reservations that have been expressed by the Committees, economy while the defence industry stays the same, so we have a very strong track record in terms of our that defence becomes less significant, but that we should commitment to an ethical policy. It is also vital to the try to reduce the amount that we are doing with regard interests of Britain on the world stage that, as many to defence. Although I agree with many of the comments Members have reflected on, we try to strike the right that have been made in the debate, I take issue with that balance between having serious concerns that any products particular suggestion. Given that there will be arms that carry the stamp, “Made in Britain”, are sold responsibly going out there into the world; given that we are a and ethically, and supporting our vital defence industry. country that has a strong track record of taking issues of arms control seriously; and given the many steps that It is worth reflecting for a moment on the contribution we are taking in terms of increasing transparency, it is that the defence industry makes. absolutely right that we should want to ensure that weapons that are going out into the world are going out Bob Stewart (Beckenham) (Con): I thank the hon. responsibly, rather than saying, “Let’s shrink our industry Gentleman for giving way and I thank you too, Mr Leigh, and let someone else do that”. for allowing me to speak. Would it be an idea for the It is important to get that side of the scrutiny right, British defence industry, which in many ways is our and the Select Committee plays a key part in that. In largest industry, to be switched from being a responsibility doing that, we take responsibility for what is out there of the Ministry of Defence to being a responsibility of in the world and for the way in which weapons are the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills? supplied, rather than simply allowing them to be supplied Would that be an idea that might be worth thinking by nations that would not perhaps take the same care. about anyway? That is the only point on which I take issue with what was said. Toby Perkins: I have no doubt that it is an idea worth considering, but the relationship between the defence [HUGH BAYLEY in the Chair] industry and our own military interests, in terms of the defence of this nation, are so intertwined that we can Katy Clark: I am listening with interest to my hon. entirely understand that relationship too. It is because Friend. Does he agree that we are lucky to live in a our defence industry and our defence interests—militarily stable democracy when the majority of peoples in the —span so many different areas that we have the Committees world probably do not? We must take that major factor on Arms Export Controls, which was formerly the into account when thinking about how to develop our Quadripartite Committee, looking at arms controls and economy in that area, and the Committee’s work is a recognising that it is a defence issue, a Foreign Office step in that direction. Does he not believe that we need issue, an international development issue and an important to think more about that issue? business issue. That shows how important the issue of arms controls is. Toby Perkins: My hon. Friend is absolutely right. We Shortly, I will refer to the contributions that have are having this debate for precisely that reason, and that been made in the debate by Members so far. Before is why the Committee’s work is so important and why that, however, I want to talk about the contribution that the previous Government introduced arms export controls the defence industry makes. Total employment in the and made a lot of progress. I would never say that we defence industry is about 314,000 people, with about should take the view, “Someone’s going to supply the 357WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 358WH weapons so it might as well be us”—we need strong, Government think it would improve the body’s stringent controls. Having a Government whom we independence? It sounds rather simplistically like, “He know are responsible and an industry that is scrutinised who pays the piper calls the tune,” and I would be very as strongly as possible is for the betterment of the concerned about how that was perceived. Will the Minister, world—and, by the way, has strong economic and either now or in his contribution, tell us the Government’s commercial benefits. I will return later to some of the thoughts on why that option would be better? important conflicts that my hon. Friend mentioned. The right hon. Member for Tonbridge and Malling In a statement, the leader of the Labour Party, my referred to the important matter, detailed in the report, right hon. Friend the Member for Doncaster North of brass plate companies acting with relative impunity. (Edward Miliband), expressed some of the challenges, There is a suggestion in the Foreign Secretary’s statement saying that that there will be easier ways to revoke licences, but “we should never reduce foreign policy to a narrow pursuit of there is little information about how that would be commercial gain for Britain…we should also examine our arms delivered, and I hope to hear more detail from the sales to ensure that UK weaponry is not used for the repression of Minister. The right hon. Gentleman also spoke about people” the importance of pressing, in the European Union, in other countries. I think that my hon. Friend the for the amendment of article 4.2, and more broadly Member for North Ayrshire and Arran takes great about the importance of the Government’s work in succour, as do I, from that contribution, which recognises getting international co-operation within the EU on the that foreign policy is about much more than simply arms trade treaty. I am looking for a commitment from promoting Britain’s interests. Acknowledging that difficult the Government that every necessary resource will be balance, and notwithstanding the areas of agreement given to our negotiating team, to ensure that, given the between the parties, the Prime Minister got it wrong Government’s worthwhile intentions, we have done when he travelled to the middle east with members of everything possible to secure a much stronger realisation the arms industry at an incredibly delicate time for the among our international partners of the importance of future of the region. The visit struck entirely the wrong the treaty, and that vested interests do not get in the way chord; our country got the balance wrong at that point of delivering the detail that we need. in time. My hon. Friends the Members for North Ayrshire In their contributions, many Members have recognised and Arran and for Islington North talked about the the difficult balance on both sides, and the fine line we importance of the report and of this debate, and expressed tread. Generally, however, the strategic approach of their hope that the continued work of the Committee— both the previous and the current Government has been work that does it great credit—is as strong as it has been that arms must not be sold to nations that will use them in its first year. My hon. Friend the Member for North for external aggression or internal repression, and that Ayrshire and Arran reflected on the conflict between they should be used, as it says on the tin, for defence. commercial and ethical considerations, and on the delicate The approach recognises that nations have the right to balance that exists. In simple terms, what is laid out defend their sovereign lands but not, as we have seen, to strategically in the document, if properly enforced and oppress their people and use weaponry to stamp on enacted, should strike the correct balance. It makes it legitimate demonstration. clear that the UK defence industry is important and Britain is a world leader in export controls, and the contributes commercially and that we have high expectations previous Government took many steps in that area, but for its administration and transparency, but that that is not to say that there is not a lot more we can do. notwithstanding any commercial interests, if attempted Before Labour came to power, we had last legislated on trade conflicts with the criteria—if weapons will be arms export controls in 1939. We had the consolidated used for internal repression or are likely to aggravate criteria in 2000 and the Export Control Act in 2002, armed conflict—licences should either be revoked or and since 2004 the quarterly report has brought much not given. The policies before us contain the means to greater scrutiny to our arms exports. The success of that act; we must ensure, where failures have occurred, that regime is highlighted in annex 1 of the Government’s those policies are pursued as they should be. response to the report—Cm 8079—regarding the number My hon. Friend the Member for North Ayrshire and of standard individual export licence revocations, Arran reflected on the importance of ensuring that we particularly to Bahrain, Egypt and Libya in recent keep the review in our minds after it has faded from the months but, as the right hon. Member for Tonbridge news and that our focus on it does not move on when and Malling said, to other countries as well. He talked the news agenda does. My hon. Friend the Member for about the increase in the number of revocations, an Ilford South (Mike Gapes) spoke about security, assistance increase that is not entirely surprising given the recent overseas and conflicts between that and other services Arab spring, and the sense of change in that part of the and trade. He spoke particularly about the lack of world quite unlike at any other time in recent history. transparency in counter-narcotics work. With his I recognise many of those steps forward, but doubts tremendous experience in foreign affairs, he will recognise remain. I was struck by the many wise contributions of that there is always a balance between transparency and colleagues. The right hon. Member for Tonbridge and security. None the less, he expressed the view that he Malling talked about the Government’s suggestion that wanted more transparency. He asked valid questions the defence industry’s funding of the Export Control about the visits of the former Defence Secretary to Sri Organisation would be an improvement, and I share Lanka, and if he does not get answers today, I know entirely his reservations about how the public would that he will pursue them on another day. view that. Can the Minister explain whether that is My hon. Friend the Member for Islington North being considered because the country wants to address focused on the particularly important issue of torture its budget deficit, or because for some reason the equipment. The Committee’s work to hold the Government 359WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 360WH

[Toby Perkins] deal internationally? Can the Minister assuage the Committee’s concern that the resource being given is to account on that issue is valuable. He also focused on insufficient to ensure that something sustainable, workable the corruption of armies’ aims under some regimes in and powerful will be delivered? other parts of the world. We are grateful for the work done by the Committee, The importance of US-UK defence trade co-operation and we look forward to working positively and was mentioned in the report, but not in the debate. We constructively with the Government on the issue. We welcome it and recognise that its primary purpose is to recognise that there are good intentions across the improve the delivery of military capability and UK House. If we feel that the fine line to which many firms’ access to US-sourced equipment and information, colleagues have referred is being overstepped, or that but it also has knock-on benefits. this country’s vital commercial interests are superseding Will the Minister reflect in his response on the equally vital, if not more vital, ethical interests, we will performance of the Export Control Organisation? Does be quick to say so. We want to be certain that the stamp he believe that the complaints about its performance by “Made in Britain” can go out around the world with the industry are valid? I have written to him with a pride, and that everything possible has been done to parliamentary question asking how delayed the 36% of ensure that those products are being delivered to nations standard individual export licences are that are not and organisations we can be proud to trade with. processed within 20 days. I recognise that the report says that last year, the ECO missed its target, and that 4.18 pm there have been improvements since then, but I am interested specifically in the percentage of SIELs that The Minister of State, Department for Business, Innovation are not processed within 20 days. Are they a couple of and Skills (Mr Mark Prisk): The hon. Member for days late, a couple of weeks late or much later than Islington North (Jeremy Corbyn) was right to say that it that? He will, as I say, shortly receive a written parliamentary is disappointing that only five Members have spoken, question to that end, but if he can shed any light on the but my goodness, we have had some informed contributions, matter today, that would be wonderful. and it has been a constructive and wide debate. It has Given the extent of the cuts to UK defence budgets covered everything from licensing to the defence industry, and the tremendous pressure they are putting on the Sri Lanka, the middle east, the Arab spring, the arms UK defence industry, it is vital that licence applications trade treaty, brass-plate companies and so on. I will be processed in a timely fashion when our defence come to all those points in my closing remarks if I can, industry attempts to trade with trusted nations that and will try to respond to all the issues raised. present no large-scale concerns. The defence industry I pay tribute to my right hon. Friend the Member for reports that contracts have been lost in cases where Tonbridge and Malling (Sir John Stanley). As his there were no worries about the licence application, but Committee colleague the hon. Member for Ilford South the process simply took longer than it should have. (Mike Gapes) said, he is assiduous and determined, and Business vital to this country’s defence industry is being he keeps us on our toes. That is exactly as it should be. It lost as a result of bureaucratic failure. does not necessarily make things easier from my point The Foreign Secretary’s report has been some time in of view, but that is what the relationship between Parliament coming. The Committee’s report was published in July and the Government should be. Although I suspect that and contains numerous questions to which we have I might come to regret those remarks at different points, awaited the Foreign Secretary’s response. He said that what my right hon. Friend does is nevertheless important. he would return to it in his statement, but the brevity of These are crucial issues and there are real tensions—as the statement and its lack of detail are disappointing. I has been highlighted in a number of contributions—about look forward to hearing the Minister expand on it. how we strike the right balance. Sometimes we will On the new ability to suspend arms licences, on what make a judgment with which members of the Committees grounds does the Minister think that is likely to happen? are not comfortable, and on which they will seek to Will it be based purely on evidence, or will it take risk scrutinise us. I will come specifically to that in a moment, into account? If there have been no failures in the past on the question of licences and revocations. Nevertheless, but risk assessment procedures suggest that there will be the debate needs to be purposeful. We seek to do our problems in future, will arms licences be suspended on best to ensure that we are clear and open where we can that basis? Will he expand on the revised risk assessment be so, so that the Committees can do their job. That is procedures, which will consider more factors? The Foreign an important point. Secretary’s statement says that there will be greater Let me turn to the key points raised, starting with the ministerial oversight. How will that be triggered? Are Arab spring. It is clear that those events—which raced any extra resources being provided for that? How will it in weeks and months from one end of the Mediterranean be delivered within the improvements in end-use to the other and into the middle east—caught most, if monitoring? What specifically are the improvements to not all, commentators by surprise. That series of events transparency in reporting? reinforced the need for a robust but transparent export I agree with the Committee that the Government’s licensing regime. This country has one of the most move to bring the British consolidated criteria in line rigorous export control systems in the world, but that with the EU consolidated criteria appears too protracted. does not stop us from continually seeking improvements What is the time line on that? Do the Government that can and should be made to the system. accept the view of the Export Group for Aerospace and I will come in a moment to the broader issue of the Defence on the ECO’s performance? Finally, what resources number and character of revocations raised by my right will the UK negotiating team on the arms trade treaty hon. Friend, and what that means about the judgments have at its disposal to push for the strongest possible that Governments make. I will briefly turn to the statement 361WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 362WH made by the Foreign Secretary last week and then come the changed political dimension in those countries, and to wider issue about judgment and systems. On Thursday therefore the lessons we may see in other countries as last week, the Foreign Secretary tabled a written ministerial well. statement, drawing on the evidence that we have been I am always wary of saying to the House, “Never able to conclude from looking at the issue. That concluded again” or ,“This will absolutely guarantee that what there was no evidence of any misuse of controlled some people may categorise as misjudgments may be military goods, exported from the United Kingdom to made in the future.” The intention, to which we will the middle east or north African regions. However, we rightly be held to account by the House, is to ensure did identify areas that could be strengthened, in particular that we limit the opportunity for that kind of miscalculation. our ability to respond to rapidly changing situations. There are three points to make in response to the contribution from the hon. Member for Chesterfield Bob Stewart: I have been in a country, Bosnia, where (Toby Perkins). We propose, first, a new mechanism to there was an arms embargo. Under the new conditions, suspend licensing to countries experiencing a sudden would it be possible, in addition to revoking a licence, to change in circumstances, for example, due to an outbreak re-implement it, at least in part? I refer specifically to of conflict or political instability; secondly, a revised the fact that I watched the Bosnian Muslim army risk categorisation, which will enhance our assessment beaten unmercifully and brutally, with no means of against all the export control criteria and provide for proper defence. Its means of proper defence were denied, enhanced ministerial oversight; and thirdly, to continue due to an international arms embargo, of which we to work to improve public information on defence and were part. security exports, including enhanced transparency of routine export licensing decisions. Mr Prisk: That highlights the dangers and the challenges around policy and military issues, and the difficulty—with Toby Perkins: As I said previously, I think for six particular regard to the nature of warfare today, which months’ work the statement is pretty light on detail. It my hon. and gallant Friend understands better than I, refers to a mechanism to allow immediate licensing having served in our armed forces—of getting the judgment suspension. What is that mechanism? On each of the absolutely right. I suspect he is pointing to an area issues, we would agree with the general headline but we where, on reflection, the west would rather not have want to know what it actually means. seen the outcomes it has. However, I do understand. Mr Prisk: The first thing we had to do was analyse a live situation in a number of different countries, to Jeremy Corbyn: I commend the Minister for suspending ensure the analysis both in each country and across the export licences to Bahrain earlier this year. The list them was accurate. Given that even now—as we know of items suspended is very comprehensive. Most of the in particular today—events are still happening in that equipment suspended was anti-personnel or crowd-control part of the world, we need to ensure that we have that equipment that is now being used by the Bahrain forces analysis right. With respect, that six-month period might to deal with what they term dissident forces in the appear longer than hon. Members might like, but as we country. We have sold the same kind of equipment to are dealing with a live situation in a range of different most countries in the region. It is in all probability countries, there will be common factors that we need to being used in Yemen, Saudi Arabia and other places. incorporate into the changes, but there will also be Does the Minister not think that the sale of equipment distinct issues in different countries. That is an important to regimes that do not allow normal political dissent point to bear in mind. and freedom of speech and assembly should be thought We will shortly set out the implementation of the through a bit more? Should we not use those criteria changes, so that we get the mechanisms right, and first, rather than wait for an eruption? ensure that working across Government we will update the House on that in due course. Mr Prisk: I understand the point, though it is not only authoritarian regimes that act in a way we sometimes Sir John Stanley: Before the Minister leaves the issue find unacceptable, as he pointed out earlier. That is the of the revised risk categorisation, I want to put a key point of the new criteria: to look at how we better judge point to him. I understand that the Minister cannot those risks in future and try to learn from decisions speak for the revoked export licences that were granted made in the past. In a sense, it comes to the broader by the previous Government. However, in the list of issue of revocations raised by my right hon. Friend. I 158, there are quite a number granted by the current am grateful that he accepted that there are a substantial Government since they came into office. What is the number of revocations. That is important for us to do. degree of confidence among the Minister and his colleagues Some might argue that that is an indication of a greater that, if the proposed revised risk categorisation had number of previous errors. That is a judgment for been in place before the Arab spring, none of those others, not for me to concur with. export licences, which were granted, would have been granted? Although I do not concur with the view expressed about the appropriateness or otherwise of the Foreign Mr Prisk: The intention is to ensure that no inappropriate Secretary’s statement, the point about the need for grants are made. Can I be absolutely sure that a system Government to think about both systems and judgments we devise will preclude any decision made that in due is perfectly reasonable. I suspect there will be times course we look back on and decide to revoke? It is when we make judgments with which the Committee difficult to say I can absolutely guarantee that. The might not be comfortable. However, the need to have intention is to hone that risk assessment, that categorisation, regard for both systems and judgments is understood, so that it is more sensitive, and perhaps to understand and I respect that point. 363WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 364WH

[Mr Prisk] Jeremy Corbyn: Does that also include a universal jurisdiction application for any person who arrives in A number of hon. Members asked how licensing this country who has been trading in those illegal landmines? works. I welcome the remarks from different hon. Members Would they be subject to the law of this country even that we have a strong defence industry, which is something though the offence had not been committed within UK to be welcomed, especially in difficult economic times. jurisdiction? Although the defence industry in this country is sometimes controversial, it is vital to our manufacturing base. Mr Prisk: The point is that putting those items into Defence exports help to maintain key engineering category B of the trade controls means that, wherever a skills in the UK; indeed, some 300,000 people work in person has traded in them, they are brought within that sector, many of whom are skilled. I accept the category B and therefore within the controls that the matter raised by the hon. Member for North Ayrshire hon. Gentleman has described. and Arran (Katy Clark) and understand the point the hon. Member for Islington North was making. I do The Committees’ report welcomes the fact that the not necessarily share his full view about turning swords into Government are exploring ways in which to exercise ploughshares, but he makes a perfectly reasonable and effective control of brass-plate companies. We are respectable point that should be put on the record. considering a range of options, and most hon. Members understand that the issue is complex and challenging. The defence industry is important, as the Opposition The problem is how to ensure that any measure we take spokesman, the hon. Member for Chesterfield (Toby tackles overseas trade effectively—in other words, activity Perkins), also clearly believes. We need to ensure that we outside our own jurisdiction. There is a debate around support skilled individuals in that industry. If I may whether pre-licensing registration for category C and stray an inch beyond the demarcation of the debate, I other types of trade should operate. Our concern is should also say that spreading our engineering and whether, in fact, that would deter the sort of illegal manufacturing base is a crucial challenge to us, which I arms trader we are talking about, because, for them, the am happy to take up and on which we have been revocation of registration would, frankly, not affect working hard. The volume of licensing activity has their trade or, indeed, their behaviour. We understand increased significantly, which is partly because legitimate and are considering that issue, which is thorny and has defence exporters have been getting their job right. At vexed the minds of many Ministers before me. We will the same time, as was raised by my right hon. Friend, come back to the Committees in due course on that the Export Control Organisation has made considerable matter. I want to ensure that if we introduce a proposal, improvements in its efficiency. However, we are in a very it will work in practice, rather than just announcing tough public expenditure climate and efficiency savings something that does not work. That is the challenge, can, of course, only take us so far. and we are trying to get it right. However, I accept the Committees’ point on that. Several right hon. and hon. Members raised the issue of charging. Let me make this point. Charging is an I want to discuss one change to the export control idea that we have explored with exporters, but only as order, because hon. Members have rightly raised the part of the wider question of how we best reform the issue of lethal injection. On 30 November last year, as service to ensure we deliver the best kind of service has been mentioned, we brought into force an order without diminishing the quality of the controls that with regard to sodium thiopental in the United States. have been debated in this Chamber. What I would say is We took that action following reports that some states if and when—and I emphasise “if” and “when”—that in the US were using it in the process of lethal injections. subject becomes a formal Government proposal with a We then moved on to consider the other drugs that are timetable, we will launch a full public consultation. used in lethal injections in some, although not many, However, I accept the point raised by my right hon. US states. We consulted the industry, because the difficulty Friend about the need to ensure the consultation reflects with some of those drugs is that they have a dual use the independence of the Export Control Organisation. that is perfectly legitimate and medicinal. Having done That is a perfectly legitimate point to make and were we that, in April, we introduced a new order that imposed to go down that road, we would obviously wish to controls on potassium chloride, pancuronium bromide include that matter in the consultation, so that we can and sodium pentobarbital. In doing so, the Government be satisfied that we have got the balance right. Again, are seeking to lead the way in introducing domestic that was a useful point raised in the debate. controls in that area, and we are now pushing for action at an EU level. Those are important advances, because We, as a Government, do not feel there needs to be a they demonstrate that the Government are willing to conflict between effective export controls and supporting listen to concerns and respond where there is evidence a strong defence sector. As has been discussed, regulations to do so, applying controls that are proportionate to the that are timely and effective are of key importance to risk in a way that does not unduly burden legitimate both the competitiveness of the UK industry and businesses. strong export controls. Since last year, we have sought I want to discuss two other points in that field: first, to improve both how the regulations work and the several hon. Members have mentioned expanded military processes. For example, the export control order was end-use control; and, secondly, I want to address the amended three times last year. An amending order question of torture end-use control. On expanded military came into force in August 2010 which, among other end-use control, the Government have always made it changes, added anti-vehicle landmines to category B of clear that any changes should be adopted right across the trade controls, which means that trade in those the EU not only to be fully effective, but in order not to items by UK persons anywhere in the world is subject to disadvantage legitimate UK exporters. We expect to see control. a formal proposal by September 2012 and that the 365WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 366WH subsequent legislative process will continue into 2013. at every level without compromising national security. In the meantime, for the reasons that I have mentioned, These have been a difficult couple of years for the staff, we do not intend to take any action at a national level. so I would like to put on record my thanks to them for That step forward from the Commission and the fact it having achieved this while having to deal with a reduction has begun the preparation of the dual use regulation is in resources. encouraging. I hope that that is helpful to the Committees’ deliberations. On the operational issues that hon. Members have touched on, ECO has also responded to calls from I shall also update hon. Members on the progress former Committees in the field of operational questions. made with regard to torture end-use control, which was We amended the end-user undertaking for standard mentioned by the hon. Member for Islington North. licences in July 2010 to make it clear that an export This country has the most rigorous controls on equipment licence does not authorise re-export, and that the risk of identified as being used in torture, which are known as unauthorised export is a factor in our licensing decisions. category A goods. In April this year, as we reported That is an important change. We have also taken positive back to the Committee, I wrote to Baroness Ashton steps to strengthen the service for legitimate exporting asking her to introduce controls on the export of drugs companies. For example, in June we launched two new used in execution by lethal injection. I also asked her to advisory services, the control list classification advice consider a torture end-use control. I can tell hon. Members service and the end-user advice service, as part of a that she has replied and has confirmed that this autumn more efficient way of dealing with things. Secondly, we the Commission will begin the process of amending the continue to run what have proved to be successful annexes to the torture regulation to control execution training seminars. So far this year, 24 training courses drugs. I understand that a meeting has been proposed have been delivered involving 627 delegates. We think for sometime in November. Baroness Ashton has also that that will rise to 40 courses by the end of the year. advised us that, once the process is complete, the Commission will examine the scope of the regulation Hon. Members have raised the issue of enforcement. and, at that point, I will make further representations That is an important point, so let me touch on it briefly on the end-use control. If there are any further developments before I move on to some of the other topics, including on that, I would be happy to write to the Chair, my right the arms trade treaty. From August 2010 to September hon. Friend the Member for Tonbridge and Malling, to 2011, we sent 56 warning letters. We audited those bring him and other Committee members up to speed. letters three to six months later and found that in all Although there was an initial delay from my original cases the warning letter had led to a significant improvement pressing of the Commission in April, the fact we have in the exporter’s administrative processes. That is important, now got a response is an encouraging step forward. because Governments are often good at issuing notices, but not necessarily as good at following them up. It is Several hon. Members have mentioned the effective therefore encouraging to see that good progress. operation of the Export Control Organisation. We have been seeking to improve that organisation. The hon. Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs, the UK Border Member for North Ayrshire and Arran mentioned the Agency and the Crown Prosecution Service continue question of sales in that field and what that means for actively to enforce UK export controls, as well as the licensing numbers, as did the Opposition spokesman, United Nations, EU and Organisation for Security and the hon. Member for Chesterfield. Since 2008, the number Co-operation in Europe sanctions. Between April 2009 of applications received by ECO has increased from and March 2010—when I have the most up-to-date 12,729 standard individual export licence applications figures I will bring them forward, but these are the best in 2008 to 16,477 last year. The truth is that that we have at the moment—HMRC and the UKBA made increase has meant that ECO has fallen slightly behind 134 seizures of unlicensed strategic exports at the UK the target time for processing standard individual export border. During the same period, HMRC and the CPS licences, which is running at 64% being processed within worked together to prosecute successfully five significant 20 days—the target is 70%. cases of export control violations, including the illegal This year has been challenging. The events across supply of military and radiation detection equipment north Africa and the middle east have created huge to Iran. fluctuations in licence application flow and increased The Bribery Act 2010 came into force on 1 July 2011. complexity in processing individual cases. It is still too I will come to the issue of bribery and corruption in the early to know the full outcomes for the year, as we are arms trade treaty in a moment, but it is worth pointing only in October. However, it is expected that the out that, as a Government coming into challenging performance we saw last year, just missing the 70% economic times, we nevertheless chose to proceed with target, may well continue this year. I am monitoring the implementation of the 2010 Act. That was not and pursuing the matter, and I am aware that the staff always welcomed across business and industry, but the have had to deal with a substantial change in events. Ministry of Justice has rightly put in place sensible Nevertheless, there is work to do. guidance to strike a balance between our economic While there has been some criticism from business, to needs and ensuring that we tackle corruption, whether which I am listening, there has also been some praise. committed at home or abroad. Therefore, I hope hon. For example, last year ECO won the “better regulation” Members recognise that, in the operation of our export category of the National Business Awards. The panel controls, we are making important changes and are found that it was a great example of a public sector looking to strengthen how we operate. On that note, the organisation applying the best commercial principles hon. Member for North Ayrshire and Arran mentioned and systems to increase the service offering for its the issue of depleted uranium and whether our policy customers. The panel also said that ECO had demonstrated has changed. I can confirm to her that it has not that it had substantially reduced the regulatory burden changed, and I hope that that is helpful. 367WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 368WH

[Mr Prisk] illustrated extremely well, the almost nil information that he gets when we are looking at how the Government Several right hon. and hon. Members raised the issue support security issues, including counter-narcotics overseas. of the arms trade treaty. I was interested to learn—I That was a valuable and interesting point. I listened was not aware, specifically—of the Committees’discussions carefully to what he said about Colombia and counter- with Ambassador Duncan. The diplomatic conference narcotics, and he rightly pointed out the Foreign Secretary’s is due to take place in July 2012. The Government are written statement of 13 October, which said: working with key partners to use the remaining time “The Government have also considered how we can strengthen that we have in the most effective way that we can. We our decision making when we provide security and justice assistance want to ensure that we have the right level of resource. overseas.”—[Official Report, 13 October 2011; Vol. 533, c. 42WS.] We have a cross-Whitehall team working on the treaty How far that particular area falls within the purview of that includes not only my Department, but the Foreign our Committees, I am not sure, but I will certainly take and Commonwealth Office, the Department for advice, and the hon. Gentleman made an important International Development and the Ministry of Defence. point. I also listened with great interest to what he said We continue to use the ATT in both bilateral and about human rights and arms export policy towards Sri multilateral discussions with other states. We are working Lanka, on which he has been most diligent, as a member with civil society and industry partners who share our of the Foreign Affairs Committee and of the Committees goals. We have also been able to support a number of on Arms Export Controls. I am sure he will continue to ATT-related projects, including research on implementation pursue the matter. issues, capacity building in developing states and engagement with key states. I appreciated what the hon. Member for Islington North (Jeremy Corbyn) said about the contribution My right hon. Friend the Member for Tonbridge and made by the Committees on Arms Export Controls. If Malling raised the question of whether the Government there is a single person to whom the credit should go, I are committed to the inclusion of corruption in the would give it to the late Robin Cook, who was the first ATT. The answer is absolutely, and that is very much Foreign Secretary to take the initiative and to submit to part of the discussions to which I have just referred. The Parliament an annual report on arms exports. That was hon. Member for Ilford South was concerned whether a major step forward in transparency and accountability. there has been any change in policy on Sri Lanka. The Once the Foreign Secretary had decided to do that, the answer is no. I hope that that is crystal clear. House had to react by creating a satisfactory Committee In conclusion, the Government believe that a competitive structure to respond to that annual Government report. defence industry and effective export control need not I am pleased to put on the record the tremendous be incompatible. The Committees have, understandably, contribution made by the late Robin Cook. That is how raised a number of important issues and we take them the Committees on Arms Export Controls started. seriously. We have sought to be as open and thorough as I am grateful for the support the hon. Gentleman we can, and we are committed to responding to these gave to the Committees’ position on extraterritoriality, issues. The debate has been a welcome opportunity to an issue to which I will return when I move on to the update hon. Members on issues that they have been able Minister’s wind-up. However, for many years now the to raise, and on others which are pertinent to the questions Committees have been ahead of Government on policy before us. On that note, I draw my remarks to a close. in that area. We were ahead of the previous Labour Government, whom we brought along considerably in 4.47 pm our wake. We now appear to be ahead of the new Sir John Stanley (Tonbridge and Malling) (Con): In Conservative and Liberal Democrat coalition Government, accordance with the usual conventions, I will make a whom, equally, we hope to bring along in our wake. In brief winding-up speech. I am grateful to all the right the Committees’ view, and most certainly in my view, hon. and hon. Members who have contributed. I am the fundamental principle is that it is unacceptable for a grateful to the hon. Member for North Ayrshire and British resident to be able to engage in arms transactions Arran (Katy Clark) for her support for the Committees’ overseas that, if carried out in the UK, would be work. I endorse what she said about the need for the criminal offences. That is the position today; we do not Government to continue to reply in sufficient detail to consider that acceptable. the Committees’ requests for information, and about I welcome the hon. Member for Chesterfield (Toby the importance of the international arms trade treaty. Perkins) to his first winding-up speech in his present As she knows, in recent years we have concluded a position. I am glad that he shares my concern about the number of successful international agreements relating perception if the ECO is funded by the arms export to specific weapons. We have had the cluster munitions industry. The issue is very important and we shall convention and the anti-personnel landmines agreement, certainly be scrutinising it carefully when the Government’s but I believe that this will be the first ever time when the proposals come forward, if they do so. international community has been able to enter into—we I am grateful to the Minister for his opening remarks, hope next year—a treaty covering the arms trade as a confirming what the Foreign Secretary has also assured whole. That is an immensely significant event. We look us in several letters sent to me and, therefore, to the forward to the British Government playing a prominent Committees: the Government’s policy is to be clear and and proactive role in that negotiation. open with the Committees, which is what we expect. I I am grateful to the hon. Member for Ilford South also welcome his response to my points about the (Mike Gapes) for his kind personal comments. He made critical value of judgments. I am glad that we agree that, a significant point about the discrepancy between the when it comes to individual decisions on export licences, degree of information we receive, as the Committees on not only the system but the quality of the judgment is at Arms Export Controls, on arms exports, and, as he issue. That is of the most profound importance. 369WH Arms Export Controls20 OCTOBER 2011 Arms Export Controls 370WH

The Minister referred to only two of the three areas specific questions about our key final recommendation, on which we have so far not had a satisfactory reply—or which is that the Government ought to have extended even a reply—from the Government. He referred to their review of arms exports to north Africa and the brass-plate companies and to pre-licence registration of middle east into a review of arms exports to authoritarian arms brokers, but not to extraterritoriality, so in conclusion regimes worldwide. We are still awaiting a reply, and I I ask for what I consider essential: a ministerial written have put to him the specific questions to which we wish reply on those three areas of recommendation made in to have the answers. our original report, which we have not had to date. I thank all Members who have contributed to the Please could we have that as soon as possible, and debate, which has been extremely helpful. We look certainly before we start taking evidence again in a few forward to an ongoing constructive dialogue with the weeks’ time? Government. Finally, a number of issues were raised to which the Question put and agreed to. Minister has not been able to reply, but we understand that the subject is huge, covering a number of other 4.55 pm Departments. I hope he will take particular note of my Sitting adjourned.

69WS Written Ministerial Statements20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Ministerial Statements 70WS

To do this, our proposals encourage the most efficient Written Ministerial use of UK renewable resources. We are proposing to remove excess support from technologies that would be Statements overcompensated by the current levels, and maximise deployment of the cheapest renewable technologies, such as energy from waste and co-firing. Thursday 20 October 2011 For offshore wind, where the UK is the international market leader, we are working closely with the supply chain, developers and finance community to drive down COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT costs by around 40% by 2020. As part of that trajectory, we are reducing support in this banding review by 5% in Abolition of Regional Strategies 2015, and another 5% in 2016, ensuring that consumers benefit from these cost reductions, and ensuring that we are able to maximise deployment of this key technology— The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for providing the potential for a 18GW market by 2020. Communities and Local Government (Robert Neill): As We should not be supporting inefficient generation, part of their stated commitment to protecting the and our proposed support for onshore wind will target environment, the Government decided to carry out only the most cost-effective onshore wind farm deployment, environmental assessments of the revocation of each of encouraging developers to build in places where the the existing regional strategies, on a voluntary basis. wind is strongest. It is the Government’s clear policy intention to revoke We support predictable and flexible biomass electricity existing regional strategies outside London, which impose generation. Our support focuses on cheaper and transitional housing targets on local communities and put pressure biomass technologies by introducing new bands for on councils to review the green belt in 30 towns across biomass conversion and enhanced co-firing—making the country. But this is subject to the outcome of the the most of our existing generation assets, and therefore environmental assessments and will not be undertaken reducing the cost to consumers. We are also maintaining until the Secretary of State and Parliament have had current levels of support for dedicated new build biomass the opportunity to consider the findings of the assessments. until 2016 in order to encourage shovel-ready projects I wish to inform the House that the Government are to begin construction, securing significant investment undertaking public consultation on the environmental and green jobs. reports, copies of which have been placed in the Library This consultation also reiterates the coalition’s agreement of the House. to promote marine technologies, recognising that marine energy has the potential to meet a large proportion of our electricity demand by 2050. Our proposals provide ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE a clear signal that we want to see large-scale, commercial deployment of wave and tidal technologies in UK waters, Renewables Obligation Banding Review cementing the UK’s position as the global leader in this technology.

The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change (Chris Huhne): I am today announcing the publication of the renewables obligation banding review. This ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS consultation looks at the levels of support renewable technologies will receive under the renewables obligation Agriculture and Fisheries Council from 2013 to 2017 (from 2014 for offshore wind). We need a surge of investment in low-carbon energy sources to help get us off the fossil fuel price hook, keep The Secretary of State for Environment, Food and the lights on, and keep bills down. The package proposed Rural Affairs (Mrs Caroline Spelman): The next Agriculture in the banding review will bring forward investment, and Fisheries Council is on Thursday 20 and Friday securing the UK’s position as a global leader in the 21 October, in Luxembourg. I shall represent the UK renewable energy sector, and supporting the transition on agriculture matters on Thursday, accompanied by to a green economy. my right hon. Friend the Minister of State, Department The UK has some of the renewable resources in the for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Minister world, and the proposals in the consultation aim to with responsibility for agriculture and food. On Friday make the most of those resources. The package of the Under-Secretary of State for Environment, Food measures we propose will ensure we keep on track to and Rural Affairs, the Minister with responsibility for meet our 2020 renewable energy target, in line with our natural environment and fisheries, my hon. Friend the vision for renewables published in July’s UK renewable Member for Newbury (Richard Benyon) will be representing energy road map. the United Kingdom on the fisheries items. Richard At the same time, we are paying attention to consumer Lochhead MSP, Michelle O’Neil MLA and Alun Davies bills. It is vital that our support for renewable electricity AM will also attend. both encourages investment and represents value for Council will deal with agricultural business on the money for consumers. So the banding levels we are first day.It will open with a presentation by the Commission proposing will cost less than if we remained with the of the new proposals for CAP reform before member current levels of support, while delivering more renewable states are given the opportunity to give initial reactions energy. during two full table rounds. The first table round will 71WS Written Ministerial Statements20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Ministerial Statements 72WS focus on the proposals for direct payments to farmers licit livelihoods to more people. Both will help to reinforce and rural development. The second table round will successful security transition. The International Monetary cover the more technical aspects of the common market Fund (IMF) and the Government of Afghanistan continue organisation and control measures. to work towards agreeing a new programme of support, There are two other agriculture items on the main and we are hopeful agreement will be reached this agenda. The first relates to distribution of food to the autumn, allowing the UK and the international community most deprived persons in the Union. This returns to to resume routine funding to the Afghan Government. Council after discussion in September, with a revised The insurgency is resilient and, as demonstrated by Commission proposal that now has a social policy as the recent high profile attacks in Kabul, remains a well as CAP legal base. The second item relates to the threat. However, such incidents rarely achieve their international wine organisation (OIV), that has its annual tactical effect and are designed to create a perception of meeting later in October. The Commission wishes to increased violence and instability that it is not reflective lead for the EU in an area of exclusive competence and of the progress being made in much of the country. We will propose a mandate for it to do so. should not allow these attacks to distort the many Finally, on agricultural issues, there is an AOB item examples of significant security improvements or on the welfare of laying hens. The EU agreed to phase overshadow continued progress to governance and out battery cages for hens for egg production some development objectives. There remain many challenges years ago and the deadline for implementation is the ahead but there is also much encouraging progress. end of 2011. The Commission will present data on how I am placing the report in the Library of the House. far member states have progressed towards compliance. It will also be published on the Foreign and Commonwealth The second day of Council will deal with the two Office website (www.fco.gov.uk). fisheries items on the agenda. The first item relates to the seeking of agreement on allocation of fishing opportunities in the Baltic sea. The second item sees the opening of the EU/Norway annual consultations on NORTHERN IRELAND fishing opportunities for 2012. Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland

FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (Mr Owen Paterson): Schedule 1 to the Parliamentary Constituencies Afghanistan (Monthly Progress Report) Act 1986 makes provision for the constitution of the four boundary commissions, including the Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland. Under paragraph 2 The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth of schedule 1 to the Act, each commission must consist Affairs (Mr William Hague): I wish to inform the House of a chairman, deputy chairman and two other members that the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, together appointed by the Secretary of State. I have extended the with the Ministry of Defence and the Department appointment of Mr Richard Mackenzie as a member of for International Development, is today publishing the the Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland until 10th progress report on developments in Afghanistan. 30 September 2013. Former President Rabbani’s death at the hands of a suicide bomber on 20 September has drawn worldwide condemnation. It is too early to draw definitive conclusions on the long-term effect his death will have on the peace TRANSPORT process, but it may prove significant. Much will depend on his successor as chair of the High Peace Council and the continuing efforts of the Afghan Government to Greater Anglia Rail Franchise achieve national unity and a political solution to Afghanistan’s problems. The Minister of State, Department for Transport On 13 September, as part of their campaign to undermine (Mrs Theresa Villiers): I can today announce that Abellio the peace process, insurgents attacked the US embassy, Greater Anglia Ltd has been awarded the Greater Anglia the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) (Short) franchise. headquarters and an Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) base in Kabul. The attacks were not successful The new franchise will begin operation on Sunday and neither the US embassy nor ISAF HQ perimeters 5 February 2012. It will operate for 29 months (32 rail were breached. Eleven civilians were tragically killed in industry periods). the attacks. However the ANSF led an effective response: Bids were received from Abellio Greater Anglia Ltd they successfully neutralised the threat and demonstrated (NV Nederlandse Spoorwegen), Eastern Railway Ltd a high degree of operational competence. (Go-Ahead Group Plc), and Stagecoach Anglia Trains With UK support, the Government of Afghanistan Ltd (Stagecoach Group Plc). continue to improve their delivery of basic services. The Abellio Greater Anglia Ltd has been chosen to run trains new national priority programme for local governance on the network, which operates across Essex, Suffolk, will help local government institutions deliver improved Norfolk and Cambridgeshire. The franchise will also basic services to communities, while a UK-funded Afghan play a significant role in transport for the London 2012 Government programme is bringing opportunities for games providing crucial services to the Olympic park area. 73WS Written Ministerial Statements20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Ministerial Statements 74WS

The terms of the contract the Government have The train company will take over station leases from agreed with the winning bidder will deliver a series of Network Rail, taking on responsibility for all repairs improvements for passengers during the 29-month franchise. and renewals at stations. This accords with the These include providing better station and ticket Government’s overall franchise reform programme which facilities and measures to improve passenger information. advocates transfer of more responsibility for stations to A text messaging service to keep passengers informed train operators as the passenger-facing side of the rail if service disruption occurs will be introduced. New industry. information desks will be provided at major stations including London Liverpool street, Cambridge, Norwich, To date, only overall figures for the performance of Ipswich and Stansted airport. the franchise as a whole have been published. From the start of the new franchise, Abellio Greater Anglia Ltd The new franchise will make it easier for passengers will start publishing a breakdown of punctuality figures to buy tickets, including: by route giving passengers more transparency over the extending Oyster pay-as-you go between London Liverpool performance of the lines they use. The reliability street and all stations to Shenfield, and stations to Hertford requirements for the new franchise are also more demanding East; than the previous one. improvements to ticket vending machines; and introducing mobile phone and print-at-home ticketing facilities. When the franchise is renewed again in July 2014, the Abellio Greater Anglia Ltd has also committed to contract is expected to be 15 years in length. This provide an additional 600 car park spaces (subject forthcoming franchise will provide the opportunity to to planning approvals), more cycle storage facilities and seek further improvements for passengers. We also intend deliver a number of other measures to improve the to draw on the work of Sir Roy McNulty in setting the service to customers including deep cleaning of stations terms of the franchise with the aim of reducing costs and trains. and improving efficiency.

1051W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1052W Written Answers to Cultural Heritage: Children Dan Jarvis: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Questions Olympics, Media and Sport what assessment he has made of the cultural activities children are exposed to each week; and if he will make a statement. [75927] Thursday 20 October 2011 Mr Vaizey: The Department assesses children’s engagement with cultural activities using the Taking CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT Part Survey. This is a large national survey of children aged five to 15 and adults aged 16+. Creative Industries Council In 2010-11, the majority of children (98.6%) had engaged with the arts, 71.6% had visited a heritage site, Dan Jarvis: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, 75.6% had visited a library and 64.7% had been to a Olympics, Media and Sport (1) on what dates the museum in the last 12 months. While the Taking Part Creative Industries Council plans to meet; [75771] Survey records weekly activity, these figures are not (2) what matters will be on the agenda of the next routinely published. The latest adult and child findings meeting of the Creative Industries Council; and which can be found at: Secretaries of State plan to attend; [75772] http://www.culture.gov.uk/publications/8398.aspx (3) on how many occasions the Creative Industries Council is expected to meet between October 2011 and Departmental Meetings January 2012. [75795] Mr Vaizey: The Creative Industries Council will meet Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, once every six months between July 2011 and July 2012. Olympics, Media and Sport how many meetings he has The next meeting will take place on 24 January 2012, had with representatives of (a) social enterprises, (b) when the council will consider the findings and charities, (c) large private sector businesses and (d) recommendations of the skills working group. That small and medium-sized private sector businesses since meeting will be attended by the council’s co-chairs; the May 2010; and if he will make a statement. [75703] Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, the right hon. Member for Twickenham (Vince Cable), Mr Vaizey: The Department does not record meetings and the Secretary of State for Culture, Olympics, Media by the specific categories of organisation you have and Sport, my right hon. Friend the Member for South requested. However, we do publish meetings between West Surrey (Mr Hunt). Ministers and outside interest groups on the Departmental website at the following link: Dan Jarvis: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, http://www.transparency.culture.gov.uk/category/financial/ Olympics, Media and Sport what the aims are of each expenses-and-hospitality/ group formed by the Creative Industries Council. This information is currently available from May 2010 [75773] to March 2011 and is published on a quarterly basis. Mr Vaizey: At the first meeting of the council, members decided to take forward work on access to finance and Public Libraries: Closures skills through two time limited working groups. Detailed objectives for the skills working group can be found via Helen Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, the Skillset website. The access to finance working Olympics, Media and Sport how many libraries have group are considering evidence on access to finance (a) closed and (b) had their opening hours reduced in issues in order to identify recommendations to tackle each local authority since May 2010. [75347] barriers to growth in this area. Mr Vaizey: Robust data about the library sector are Dan Jarvis: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, only published annually by the Chartered Institute of Olympics, Media and Sport how many meetings he has Public Finance and Accountancy and the initial release had with the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation of provisional data for 2010-11 is to be published later and Skills to discuss access to finance for businesses in this month. The Department supplements it by monitoring the creative industries sector in the last 12 months; and proposals about changes to library services across England whether an action plan was drawn up as a result of such through information gathered via correspondence, media meetings. [75976] coverage and from relevant bodies such as Arts Council England. Many local authorities are still developing Mr Vaizey: The Secretary of State for Culture, Olympics, and consulting on proposals and consequently the overall Media and Sport, my right hon. Friend the Member for picture is always changing. It is therefore not practical South West Surrey (Mr Hunt), has not met with the to attempt to provide definitive numbers for libraries Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, that have closed or have reduced their opening hours. the right hon. Member for Twickenham (Vince Cable), specifically to discuss this issue. However, Access to Finance has been identified as a key barrier to growth Social Media by the Creative Industries Council and was discussed at the first meeting of the council. A working party has Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for now been established under the council to take the issue Culture, Olympics, Media and Sport what social media forward, chaired by Ian Livingstone outlets his Department operates. [75840] 1053W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1054W

Mr Vaizey: The Department operates on the following The Attorney-General: I meet with a range of social media outlets; Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and organisations and individuals in my ministerial role. Flickr. Since May 2010 I have not had any meetings specifically with social enterprises or private sector businesses, however St George’s Day I have met with representatives from a number of charities both in my role as Government pro bono champion and Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for as Attorney-General. Culture, Olympics, Media and Sport what support his Department gives to organisations celebrating St George’s Day. [75949] SCOTLAND

John Penrose: The Department funds its arm’s length Departmental Allowances body English Heritage who marked St George’s day in 2011 with four separate events that were attended by around 16,000 visitors. This included the annual St Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for George’s Festival at Wrest Park, which welcomed 8,500 Scotland how much members of his departmental visitors over three days. We anticipate a similar level of management board have claimed in expenses since May activity for 2012. 2010. [74942] David Mundell: No member of the joint management board of the Scotland Office and Office of the Advocate- ATTORNEY-GENERAL General has made any expense claims in relation to the work of the board since May 2010. Charity Commission: Independent Schools Council

Mr Thomas: To ask the Attorney-General how many ELECTORAL COMMISSION COMMITTEE meetings (a) he and (b) officials in the Law Officers’ departments have had with (i) the Charity Commission Electoral Register and (ii) the Independent Schools Council since May 2010; and if he will make a statement. [75461] Chris Ruane: To ask the hon. Member for South West Devon, representing the Speaker’s Committee on the The Attorney-General: I have not met with either the Electoral Commission, if the Electoral Commission Charity Commission or the Independent Schools Council will place in the Library a copy of its most recent since May 2010. However, as Attorney-General I have a assessment of the effects of the Government’s proposals number of important public interest functions in respect on electoral registration on levels of registration. [75964] of charity, some of which overlap with the regulatory powers of the Charity Commission. In consequence, Mr Streeter: The Electoral Commission informs me officials from my office are in regular contact with that it has now placed in the Library a copy of its officials from the Charity Commission. This is also true formal response to the Government White Paper on of those officials in the Treasury Solicitor’s Department individual electoral registration. In it the Commission that provide my office with legal advice on policy and sets out what it believes needs be done to ensure the litigation support in charity matters. Those officials completeness and accuracy of the electoral register is have not met with the Independent Schools Council. improved, and what the possible impact of certain I am not aware of any meetings between the Charity aspects of the proposals might be on registration levels. Commission or the Independent Schools Council and The submission is also available on their website: officials of the Crown Prosecution Service, Serious Fraud www.electoralcommission.org.uk Office or HM Crown Prosecution Inspectorate. A number of lawyers from the Treasury Solicitor’s Department are permanently attached to other Government Departments including the Department for Culture, COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT Olympics, Media and Sport, Cabinet Office and the Department for Education. These Departments have Adam Werritty dealings with the Charity Commission in its role as principal regulator of charities. The Department for Helen Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for Education also has dealings with the Independent Schools Communities and Local Government whether he has Council. I have not considered lawyers attached to these met Mr Adam Werritty in the course of his ministerial or other Departments as officials of the Law Officer duties; and, if so, for what purpose. [75969] Departments for the purposes of this answer. Robert Neill: No. Departmental Procurement Audit Commission Mr Thomas: To ask the Attorney-General how many meetings he has had with representatives of (a) social Mr Brine: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities enterprises, (b) charities, (c) large private sector businesses and Local Government what steps he plans to take to and (d) small and medium-sized private sector businesses increase the transparency of public body auditors under since May 2010; and if he will make a statement. [75698] his proposed new local audit framework. [73020] 1055W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1056W

Robert Neill: Earlier this year we consulted on our Development Fund teams in these locations. All three are existing proposals for the new local audit framework which buildings on the civil estate and Sheffield and Exeter were purely included a number of proposals that will increase staff-moves into ’as is’ accommodation. transparency, for example, increasing transparency in The new DCLG office at Lysnoweth House, Truro the way that auditors are appointed. We proposed that was the only one of these relocations that required local public bodies would appoint their own auditors ‘fit-out’ work which was done in partnership with Her from a published register of eligible auditors, taking Majesty’s Revenue and Customs at a cost of £47,000 advice from an independent audit committee. The advice with all furniture reused from elsewhere in the DCLG of that independent audit committee would be published estate. (giving regard to commercially confidential material). If No other building and refurbishment projects are the local public body did not follow the independent currently planned in this or financial-year 2012-13. audit committee’s advice as to the auditor that should Note: be appointed, it would be required to publish the reasons Achieving these relocations in Manchester in April 2011, Nottingham why it had departed from that advice. The consultation July 2011 and Liverpool September 2011 cost DCLG circa £120,000 also included proposals around the transparency of the to complete, but will realise savings of circa £3 million per annum audit itself, for example continuing the requirements to from the start of financial year 2012-13. publish accounts and auditors’ reports. We are currently considering the responses to the Departmental Fines consultation and will publish our response later this year. Dr Whiteford: To ask the Secretary of State for Council Tax Communities and Local Government how many transport- related fines his Department has settled on behalf of its staff; and at what cost in each year since 2007. [74345] Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government what estimate he has made of the level of funding available for local Robert Neill: It is DCLG policy that staff are personally authorities from rateable values arising from the decision liable for any transport fines. Therefore since 2007 the to freeze council tax for 2012-13 given an inflation rate Department should not have settled any of these fines of four per cent.; and if he will make a statement. and there is no identifiable information in our records that indicate any fines have been met by the Department. [73679]

Robert Neill: No such estimate has been made. Departmental Land Departmental Buildings Andrew George: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government what estimate he Dr Whiteford: To ask the Secretary of State for has made of the monetary value of the maintenance Communities and Local Government what (a) building backlog on his Department’s estate in each of the last and (b) refurbishment projects his Department plans in five years; and what estimate he has made of the time (i) the current and (ii) the next financial year; and what required to complete such maintenance. [74198] the cost of each such project will be. [74342] Robert Neill: The Department for Communities and Robert Neill: DCLG’s estates’ strategy has seen a Local Government has both planned and reactive significant reduction in the size and cost of the DCLG maintenance arrangements in place across its estate to estate. To build on our achievements over the last year ensure that the Department does not have a backlog of the Department plans to consolidate its operations in maintenance. Eland House. The project will further improve the The DCLG estate is maintained to ensure that it Department’s space efficiency and will ‘free-up’ further fulfils its leasehold, statutory and sustainable operations space that can be sub-let, generating income from additional obligations. DCLG monitor supplier adherence to tenancy receipts. The first phase of this project has contractual obligations through active contract management commenced and will deliver DCLG further tenancy and through service level agreement and key performance receipts of £1 million per annum from the end of indicator reporting. financial year 2012-13. This part of the project is anticipated to cost £75,000. Empty Property: Non-domestic Rates Over the first half of financial year 2011-12 DCLG was responsible for a series of projects relating to the closure of the Government office for the regions and Guto Bebb: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities the regional development agencies. and Local Government what assessment he has made of All but one of these were purely staff moves into: the effects of ending business rate relief for empty properties on private landlords in the commercial property (a) existing DCLG accommodation making use of existing [73315] surplus space from the abolition of the Government office for the sector. regions. (b) more efficient and right-sized civil-estate accommodation Robert Neill: I refer my hon. Friend to the answers I for smaller teams in existing DCLG locations where lease-break gave to my hon. Friend the Member for York Outer opportunities enabled the surrender of larger, less flexible and (Julian Sturdy) on 26 January 2011, Official Report, more expensive ex-Government office for the regions estate. column 2MC, and to my hon. Friend the Member for (c) new DCLG occupations in Sheffield, Truro and Exeter to Newark (Patrick Mercer) on 8 February 2011, Official meet the specific business-needs of the European Regional Report, column 178W. 1057W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1058W

Guto Bebb: To ask the Secretary of State for control class of use categorisation in (a) Witham Communities and Local Government what discussions constituency, (b) Essex and (c) England; and what he has had with representatives of the commercial estimate he has made of the sums collected in such rates property sector on business rates on empty properties. in the latest period for which figures are available. [73347] [74199]

Robert Neill: I refer my hon. Friend my answer of Robert Neill: The Department does not collect data 9 June 2011, Official Report, column 452W.In addition, on the amount collected from businesses paying business details of ministerial meetings with external organisations rates on empty properties. Data are not available at can be found on my Department’s website. constituency level or split by class of planning use categorisation. Empty Property: Witham The total estimated number of empty hereditaments as at 31 March 2010, split by local authority, is available Priti Patel: To ask the Secretary of State for on the Department for Communities and Local Communities and Local Government if he will Government website: estimate the number of empty properties owned by businesses of each size in (a) Witham constituency, http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/statistics/xls/ 1972201.xls (b) Essex and (c) England. [74156] In addition to this, the number of hereditaments in Robert Neill: The Department does not collect receipt of empty property relief in England for 2011-12 information on the number of empty properties split by is available on the Department for Communities and business size in (a) Witham constituency, (b) Essex Local Government website: and (c) England. http://www.communities.gov.uk/publications/corporate/ statistics/nondomesticrates201112f Priti Patel: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities From these figures a broad estimate of businesses and Local Government how many businesses are paying paying business rates on empty properties can be inferred business rates on empty properties in each planning as shown in the following table:

Inferred estimate of businesses paying business rates on empty properties Number of hereditaments in receipt of empty Estimated number of Inferred estimate of property relief as at empty properties as at businesses paying business 31 December 2010 31 March 2011 rates on empty properties

Essex—shire districts only 3,884 5,686 1,800 Essex—including unitary authorities Southend-on-Sea 4,766 6,844 2,100 and Thurrock

England 220,631 268,990 48,300 Note: The number of hereditaments in receipt of empty property relief and the estimated number of empty properties are taken from different time periods Source: NNDR1 (Supplementary) Form2011-12; NNDR3 Form 2010-11

The data are as reported to Communities and Local date from April-August 2011. This information is shown in the Government by all billing authorities in England on attached appendix. Where an entry is marked in red and is a National Non-Domestic Rates (NNDR3) and NNDR1 minus figure, this indicates a credit. (Supplementary) forms. A copy of the appendix will be placed in the Library of the House. Government Procurement Card Local Government: Bank Services

Charlie Elphicke: To ask the Secretary of State for Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government what the (a) Communities and Local Government (1) what steps he date of purchase, (b) gross amount and (c) supplier is taking to support English local authorities owed was in respect of each transaction undertaken by the money by Icelandic institutions; [75376] Audit Commission using the Government Procurement (2) what assistance he is providing to English local Card since April 2011. [73225] authorities in their attempts to retrieve money invested in Icelandic institutions. [75377] Robert Neill: This is an operational matter for the Audit Commission and I have asked the chief executive Robert Neill: Local authorities are receiving repayments of the Audit Commission to write to my hon. Friend from the two Icelandic banks in administration in the direct. UK (Heritable and Kaupthing, Singer and Friedlander). Letter from Andy McKeon, dated 20 October 2011: For the two failed banks in administration in Iceland, YourParliamentary Question has been passed to me to reply in Glitnir and Landsbanki, authorities are directly represented the absence of the Chief Executive, who is on leave. on the Resolution Committees, and are awaiting the The transaction details requested, concerning the Commission’s decision of the Icelandic Supreme Court on priority use of GPC cards, are only currently available relating to statement status. 1059W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1060W

Local Government: Pensions The calculator enables users to explore the possible effects of certain scheme design options based upon Helen Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for their own assumptions about local circumstances. Communities and Local Government what recent estimate The proposals incorporate a range of protections to he has made of the number of local government employees ensure councils can meet local needs, including a safety likely to leave the local government pension scheme if net for places in need of additional support, funded by the level of contributions is increased. [75346] a levy covering a share of disproportionate gain.

Robert Neill: Because the Local Government Pension Pat Glass: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities Scheme is funded, it has been possible to design a and Local Government what correspondence he has scheme-specific approach to securing savings by 2014-15 had with Durham county council on the effects of his to protect membership levels. A current statutory proposed scheme for localisation of business rates. consultation exercise proposes increases in contribution [74614] tariffs in England and Wales involving either a 1% cent increase, or a 1.5% increase phased in over a three year Robert Neill: The Department has not had any period, commencing in April 2012, plus accrual rate correspondence with Durham county council on the adjustments for either one or two years. effects of the proposed scheme for the local retention of The terms of the options set out in the consultation business rates. proposals, issued on 7 October, specifically reflect the Procurement occupational and pay characteristics of the local government workforce and so provides total protection for all members Julian Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for earning less than £15,000, partial protection for those Communities and Local Government what progress his earning up to £21,000 and sets an overall limit of 6% on Department has made in eliminating pre-qualification any increase in contributions. questionnaires for procurements with a value of under Non-domestic Rates £100,000. [73842] Robert Neill: The Department has eliminated all pre- Dan Jarvis: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities qualification questionnaires for procurements with a and Local Government (1) what his Department’s policy value of under £100,000 since July 2011. is on the use of the yield from business rates in an area as a general measure of that area’s economic (a) growth Redundancy needs and (b) performance; [74123] (2) what his Department’s policy is on the yield of Jack Dromey: To ask the Secretary of State for business rates paid by businesses in an area being used Communities and Local Government how many local as a general measure for that area’s economic growth authorities have applied for capitalisation directives for needs and economic performance. [74703] redundancy payments; and how much each local authority has applied for. [73241] Robert Neill [holding answers 13 and 17 October 2011]: The Department does not currently use business Robert Neill: The Government understand that councils rate yield as a measurement in this context. will have had to make tough decisions on where they will make savings to help pay off the last Government’s In relation to our proposals for the local retention of budget deficit. The Secretary of State for Communities business rates, I would refer the hon. Member to the and Local Government, my right hon. Friend the Member Technical Paper 5 on my Department’s website on for Brentwood and Ongar (Mr Pickles), has been clear tariff, top-up and levy options: that councils should explore all avenues to achieving http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/localgovernment/ savings including reducing senior salaries, joining forces pdf/19695901.pdf to share back office staff and spending smarter. Non-domestic Rates: Durham In relation to requests to capitalise redundancy costs, 54 authorities made requests in the main 2011-12 process. Pat Glass: To ask the Secretary of State for Information on the amounts applied for by each authority Communities and Local Government pursuant to his is available on the Department’s website at: oral statement of 18 July 2011, Official Report, http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/localgovernment/ columns 662-4, on local government finance, what xls/19511381.xls modelling his Department has carried out on the likely change to Durham county council’s budget under his proposed scheme for localisation of business rates in WALES each of the next five years. [74613] Departmental Location Robert Neill: The impact of the Government’s proposals will depend on a range of factors, including future Mr Weir: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales how business rates growth at the local level, the behavioural many civil servants in her Department have been (a) response to the changes, and the final design of the relocated and (b) agreed to relocation in the last scheme following consultation. The Government have 12 months; and to which areas of the UK. [74891] sought views on its proposals and, on 19 August, published eight technical papers which provide further details on Mr David Jones: No staff have been relocated in the the proposals, together with an interactive calculator. last 12 months. 1061W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1062W

Departmental Pay It is not in the interest of national security to make public details of particular improvements in relation to Mr Weir: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales if individual Departments as it may expose vulnerabilities she will estimate the total monetary value of London to those who may seek to exploit them. weightings and London living allowances for staff in her Department. [74892] TRANSPORT Mr David Jones: Wales Office staff are employed either by the Ministry of Justice or the Welsh Government; Crossrail neither of which offer London weighting or London living allowances. Michael Fallon: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport what assessment her Department has made Departmental Procurement of the cost of ensuring that Crossrail is compliant with the Railway (Interoperability) Regulations 2006. [75916] Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales Mrs Villiers: The Crossrail project is being delivered (1) how many contracts her Department has awarded by Crossrail Ltd on behalf of the Department and its directly to third sector organisations in each month co-sponsor, Transport for London. Crossrail Ltd’s cost since May 2010; what the value was of such contracts; and risk assessments take account of all of its legal and if she will make a statement; [75174] obligations, including compliance with the Railway (2) how many contracts her Department has (Interoperability) Regulations 2006. advertised on the Contracts Finder website in each Cycling: Accidents month since May 2010; what the value was of such contracts; what proportion were awarded to (a) third Simon Hart: To ask the Secretary of State for sector organisations and (b) small businesses; and if Transport what estimate her Department has made of she will make a statement. [75177] the number of traffic accidents involving cyclists (a) wearing and (b) not wearing high-visibility clothing in Mr David Jones: None. The Wales Office uses contracts the latest period for which figures are available. [75866] awarded by larger Departments—such as the Ministry of Justice—to maximise buying power and value for Mike Penning: In 2010, there were 17,604 reported money. personal injury road accidents involving at least one pedal cyclists in Great Britain. The number of these Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales accidents involving cyclists wearing or not wearing high- how many contracts her Department has awarded directly visibility clothing is not collected. to (a) small, (b) medium-sized and (c) large businesses However, under the STATS19 system, the Department in each month since May 2010; what the value was of collects information on reported injury road accidents such contracts; and if she will make a statement. [75175] where ‘cyclist wearing dark clothing at night’ was reported as a contributory factor to the accident by the attending Mr David Jones: The Wales Office has not awarded police officer. The number of personal injury road any new contracts since May 2010. accidents with this contributory factor for 2010 in Great The Wales uses contracts awarded by larger Britain can be found in Table RAS50001 (Contributory Departments—such as the Ministry of Justice—to factor article) of Reported Road Casualties in Great maximise buying power and value for money. Britain: 2010. A copy of this table can be found using the following link: Departmental Security http://assets.dft.gov.uk/statistics/tables/ras50001.xls Please note that contributory factors are reported Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Wales only for injury road accidents where a police officer what steps her Department is taking to improve attended the scene and reported at least one contributory cyber-security in relation to her Department’s estate; factor. These factors are largely subjective, reflecting and if she will make a statement. [75176] the attending officer’s opinion at the time of reporting. It is recognised that subsequent inquires could lead to Mr David Jones: The Government take cyber security the reporting officer changing his/her opinion. very seriously and it has been categorised as a tier one It is important to note that it may be difficult for a threat to UK national security. £650 million is being police officer, attending the scene after an accident has invested over the next four years in a National Cyber occurred, to identify certain contributory factors. Security Programme, working across Departments, with the private sector, international partners and citizens to Departmental Official Hospitality improve the UK’s cyber security capability. Julie Hilling: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport The Wales Office, as a small Department, obtains its how much her Department has spent on hospitality for IT services from the Ministry of Justice. The Ministry staff since May 2010. [67628] routinely assesses the prevailing threats to its ICT systems and applies appropriate and proportionate measures in Norman Baker [holding answer 19 July 2011]: The accordance with the Government standards set out in departmental policy is not to provide hospitality for the Cabinet Office’s Security Policy Framework (SPF); staff, including refreshments at staff meetings or staff these standards are aligned with industry best practice working lunches. Refreshments are provided exceptionally approaches. for meetings with external visitors. 1063W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1064W

The Department is unable to provide information on No decisions on the way forward have yet been taken. how much has been spent incidentally on hospitality for Any proposals involving changes to the way face to face staff since May 2010, as the data is not collected at this services are operated would be the subject of discussion level of detail. It is not required for our statutory with stakeholders. reporting and it could be obtained only at disproportionate cost. Driving under Influence: Drugs Departmental Pay Joseph Johnson: To ask the Secretary of State for Mr Weir: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport Transport what steps she is taking to raise awareness of if she will estimate the total monetary value of London the dangers of driving under the influence of drugs. weightings and London living allowances for staff in [75542] her Department. [74900] Mike Penning: The Department has run a number of Norman Baker: The Department for Transport was campaigns on the dangers of drug driving in the past formed in 2002 and consists of a central Department and is currently developing its future marketing plans. and seven executive agencies as follows: As part of the THINK! road safety campaign, there is a Highways Agency (HA) website at: Driver Standards Agency (DSA) http://www.dft.gov.uk/think/drugdrive/ Driver Vehicle and Licensing Agency (DVLA) which raises awareness of the dangers of driving under Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) the influence of drugs including legal and personal Vehicle Operator Services Agency (VOSA) consequences, as well as how drugs impair driving. Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) Communication materials can be downloaded from the website or ordered separately for use by road safety Government Car and Dispatch Agency (GCDA) professionals and teachers. The estimated total monetary value of London weightings and London living allowances for staff in the Department for Transport is £1.67 million. Joseph Johnson: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport (1) what representations she has received on Departmental Security proposals to (a) introduce roadside drug testing devices and (b) increase sentences on people found guilty of driving whilst under the influence of drugs; [75543] Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport what steps her Department is taking to (2) if she will meet the family of Lillian Groves to improve cyber-security in relation to her Department’s discuss their campaign to introduce roadside drug testing estate; and if she will make a statement. [75168] devices and increase sentences on people found guilty of driving whilst under the influence of drugs. [75544] Norman Baker: The Government take cyber security very seriously and this issue has been categorised as a Mike Penning: The Secretary of State for Transport, tier one threat to UK national security. £650 million is my hon. Friend the Member for Putney (Justine Greening), being invested over the next four years in a National has not received any representations related to drug Cyber Security programme, working across Departments, driving. I have received a number of representations on with the private sector, international partners and others proposals to introducing drink and drug testing devices. to improve the UK’s cyber security capability. The Government in their response to the North review The Department for Transport routinely assesses the committed to introduce a range of measures to combat prevailing threats to its ICT systems and applies appropriate drug driving including approving preliminary drug testing and proportionate measures in accordance with the equipment initially in the police station and at the Government standards set out in the Cabinet Office’s roadside as soon as possible. Security Policy Framework (SPF). These standards are I will be happy to meet the family of Lillian Groves, aligned with industry best practice approaches. to discuss their proposals. As I am sure the hon. Member will recognise, it is not in the interest of national security to make public Driving: Licensing details of particular improvements in relation to individual Departments as it may expose vulnerabilities to those who may seek to exploit them. Mr Frank Field: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport how many reviews of a driver’s licence were Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency initiated by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency due to receiving information from a third party concerning Annette Brooke: To ask the Secretary of State for a present licence holder’s competence. [75694] Transport what recent representations she has received on the future of local DVLA offices; and if she will Mike Penning: The Driver and Vehicle Licensing make a statement. [73874] Agency acts on third party notifications when a person’s ability to drive safely has been called into question due Mike Penning [holding answer 12 October 2011]: to a medical condition. The latest figures available show Since 1 June, the Department has received 11 letters that, in 2010, the DVLA carried out investigations into concerning the future of the Driver and Vehicle Licensing 10,740 drivers’ records as a result of receiving such Agency’s local offices. notifications. 1065W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1066W

Motorways: Speed Limits Norman Baker: I am afraid that the information requested is not available other than at disproportionate Bob Russell: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport cost. what assessment she has made of the potential effects of the proposed increase in the motorway speed limit on Trams: Edinburgh the level of (a) slight injuries, (b) serious injuries and (c) fatalities occurring as a result of accidents on Lindsay Roy: To ask the Secretary of State for motorways. [75876] Transport when she last met the Scottish First Minister to discuss the Edinburgh tram project. [75216] Mike Penning: The potential effects on casualties will be included in the assessment of all the principal effects Norman Baker [holding answer 17 October 2011]: of raising the national speed limit on motorways and The Edinburgh tram project is a devolved matter for the we will include the figures as part of the documentation Scottish Government. The Secretary of State for Transport, for the consultation planned for later this year. the hon. Member for Putney (Justine Greening), has not met the Scottish First Minister to discuss this project. Roads: Accidents

Bob Russell: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport if she will visit an accident and emergency DEFENCE department to discuss with medical staff the extent of injuries caused in crashes involving vehicles driven at Army Cadet Force: Kent speed. [75874] Michael Fallon: To ask the Secretary of State for Mike Penning: I am well aware of the extent of Defence (1) how many cadets were enrolled in the Kent injuries that can occur. The Department for Transport Army Cadet Force in each of the last five years; is committed to a raft of measures to improve road [75968] safety, which are set out in the framework published in (2) how much funding per cadet his Department May 2011: our vision is to ensure that Britain remains a provided to the Kent Army Cadet Force in each of the world leader on road safety. last five years. [75970]

Steve Baker: To ask the Secretary of State for Mr Robathan: The number of cadets who have enrolled Transport what recent discussions she has had with her annually in and the total number of cadets, based on EU counterparts on the (a) cost and (b) effect on a snapshot position as at 1 September 2011, who were privacy and liberty of the European Commission’s members of the Kent Army Cadet Force (ACF) in each recent recommendation on eCall. [75909] of the last five calendar years are shown in the following table. Mike Penning: There have been no recent discussions between the Secretary of State for Transport, my hon. Number enrolled Total number of cadets as Friend the Member for Putney (Justine Greening) and annually at 1 September 2011 her EU counterparts on the European Commission’s 2006 192 1,043 recent Recommendation on eCall. 2007 278 1,034 An Explanatory Memorandum on the Commission’s 2008 337 919 Recommendation on eCall was laid before Parliament 2009 220 1,060 on 28 September. 2010 280 1,013 Roads: Safety Details of the funding provided to the Kent ACF from the Ministry of Defence over the past five financial Mr Umunna: To ask the Secretary of State for years are shown in the following table. Transport what contribution she expects the UK to make to the UN Decade of Action for Road Safety Funding (£) 2011-2020; and if she will make a statement. [75231] 2007-08 455,839.08 2008-09 554,904.00 Mike Penning: The UK’s contribution to the UN 2009-10 442,750.00 Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-20 was set out 2010-11 379,555.00 in the Strategic Framework for Road Safety launched 2011 (to date) 80,776.00 on 11 May 2011 as part of our launch of the Decade of Action. The UK is a world leader in road safety and the These figures represent funding for cadet activities framework and associated actions demonstrate our such as ammunition, rations, transport, paid training commitment to contribute to the further reduction in days and travel and subsistence. This does not cover the road deaths envisaged globally by the UN. cost of salaries and pensions of permanent staff employed in the ACF, nor other support costs, such as buildings Third Sector maintenance, which are accounted for centrally.

Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Departmental Manpower Transport how much direct funding her Department has allocated to each civil society organisation in (a) Mr Kevan Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for 2010-11, (b) 2011-12, (c) 2012-13, (d) 2013-14 and Defence (1) how many military assistants his Department (e) 2014-15; and if she will make a statement. [74816] has employed in each year since 2004; [75492] 1067W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1068W

(2) how much each military assistant received in procurement card and miscellaneous transactions. It is salaries and benefits in each year since 2004. [75496] important to emphasise that they also exclude subcontracts placed with SMEs by our prime contractors and their Mr Robathan [holding answer 18 October 2011]: supply chains, which are extensive and include a high Historical data on the number of military assistants proportion of SMEs. (MAs) employed is not available without incurring disproportionate cost as this would require an interrogation Libya: Armed Conflict of individual records. However, there are 119 MAs, or equivalent, currently in post working to personnel at Angus Robertson: To ask the Secretary of State for two star level or above. Defence how many fire missions have been undertaken The salary paid to individual MAs cannot be provided by Royal Navy warships against Libya land maritime without an interrogation of individual records which targets in Operation Ellamy to date; and how many of would incur disproportionate cost. Every individual is these targets were (a) detected and (b) fire adjusted paid in respect of their rank but also in respect of their onto target by (i) United States Navy P-3 Orion seniority, personal skills and training which would require aircraft, (ii) Canadian P-140 and (iii) US Unmanned each individual’s salary researched. There are no payable Aerial Vehicles. [74138] benefits open to MAs or the equivalent, although some personnel may accrue allowances due to their personal Nick Harvey: From the beginning of the current circumstances or trade/specialty. However the current operations in Libya up to 6 October 2011, the Royal salary ranges for those ranks who undertake MA roles Navy has undertaken naval gunfire support on 17 occasions. are given in the following table as an indication of UK Forces are operating as part of a NATO operation. salaries received. As part of this multilateral mission individual nations have provided various capabilities requested by NATO. £ Therefore is it entirely appropriate that nations will Rank Minimum Maximum co-operate when undertaking these operations.

Officer Level I am withholding the information on which capabilities have provided assistance to naval gunfire support missions OF 6—Cdre/Brig/Air Cdre 97,030.20 100,963.56 as their disclosure would, or would be likely to, prejudice OF5—Capt/Col/Gp Capt 81,310.44 89,408.28 the capability, effectiveness or security of the armed OF4—Cdr/LtCol/WgCdr 67,031.64 77,617.20 forces. OF3—Lt Cdr/Maj/Sqn Ldr 47,760.48 57,199.56 OF2—Lt/Capt/Flt Lt 37,915.92 45,090.48 NATO

Departmental Procurement Hugh Bayley: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what steps his Department is taking to learn lessons Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence from Operation Unified Protector (a) in general and how many contracts his Department has awarded directly (b) in relation to the capacity of the UK and other to (a) small, (b) medium-sized and (c) large businesses European NATO members to provide (i) air-to-air in each month since May 2010; what the value was of refuelling, (ii) intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance such contracts; and if he will make a statement. [75127] aircraft and (iii) sufficient stocks of precision-guided missiles. [74844] Peter Luff: The Government values the flexibility, responsiveness and innovation that small and medium-sized Nick Harvey: The National Security Council is enterprises (SMEs) bring and are taking action to increase conducting a cross-Whitehall Lessons Identified exercise the opportunities for such businesses to bid for Defence into operations in Libya. The Ministry of Defence contracts. routinely conducts lessons learned exercises as part of military operations. The lessons learned process for The Ministry of Defence (MOD)’s contract records Operation Unified Protector will cover each of the distinguish between SMEs—as defined by the European areas mentioned. Commission—and larger enterprises, but not between the individual categories of ‘small’ and ‘medium’ sized enterprises. Also, our assessments of the number and ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS value of contracts with SMEs are carried out annually and relate to periods running to the end of March. Astrolabe Reef Monthly analysis separately distinguishing the three categories could be provided only at disproportionate Mr Gregory Campbell: To ask the Secretary of State cost. for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs if she will discuss with her New Zealand counterpart the likely During the 12 months to the end of March 2011, the environmental effects of the recent accident near the MOD awarded approximately 2,500 direct contracts to Astrolabe Reef involving a Liberian-flagged ship. SMEs, with a total value in the region of £950 million. We estimate that, in the same period, approximately [74808] 3,550 direct contracts were awarded to large businesses, Richard Benyon: DEFRA’s role in responding to with a total value of approximately £6,280 million—values marine pollution emergencies is described in the National are rounded to the nearest £10 million. Contingency Plan for Marine Pollution from Shipping These figures, produced by a sampling exercise, relate and Offshore Installations, which is maintained by the to contracts administered through our central system Maritime and Coastguard Agency, Responses to maritime which excludes purchases made through the Government incidents need to be proportionate. Regional or national 1069W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1070W responses to maritime incidents involve the establishment the fact that it is a long established National Park with a of an Environment Group, which advises on environmental larger membership and a greater number of, and more impacts and may initiate the collection of real time complex, local government structures. environmental data. If a marine pollution incident is National Watersure Scheme expected to have a significant impact on the marine environment or the shoreline, arrangements are made to monitor and assess the impact in the longer term. Alison Seabeck: To ask the Secretary of State for Since the New Zealand oil spill does not affect UK Environment, Food and Rural Affairs when she expects shorelines and the cargo vessel involved is not UK to make an announcement on funding for the National registered, we have no plans at this stage to intervene. Watersure scheme. [72419] Departmental Procurements Richard Benyon: In the 2011 Budget the Government committed public expenditure to supporting households Julian Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for that face water affordability pressures and households Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what progress in areas with particularly high water charges. We are her Department has made in eliminating pre-qualification currently finalising the decision on how best to meet questionnaires for procurements with a value of under this commitment. Our consultation on affordability closed £100,000. [73837] in June and we are reviewing responses, which will inform the content of the Water White Paper, to be published Richard Benyon: The Department does not use pre- shortly. We will be setting out the way forward on qualification questionnaires for tenders under the OJEU Watersure and general affordability issues later this year. threshold (£100,000). Natural Gas Additional statement follows from CEFAS: “Since the forming of the Coalition Government and the Huw Irranca-Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for planned reduction in PQQ’s for requirements under £100k, Cefas Environment, Food and Rural Affairs if she will direct have not issued any PQQ’s. To further support this reduction in the Environment Agency to consider the implications PQQ’s, Cefas utilises wherever possible existing Government of the (a) geology and (b) redundant mine-workings frameworks for its requirements under (and over) £100k.” of the South Wales coalfields for shale gas exploration Fisheries and hydraulic fracturing before the grant of any licence for exploitation or exploration. [74024] Fiona O’Donnell: To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what recent Richard Benyon: This is a devolved issue for the discussions she has had with representatives of the Welsh Assembly Government to direct Environment Scottish fishing industry. [75340] Agency Wales, on the points raised. Whales: Imports Richard Benyon: Most recently, I met with representatives of the Scottish Fishermen’s Federation to discuss a Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for range of issues including Common Fisheries Policy Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) what reform and the forthcoming negotiations for 2012 total representations she has made to the government of allowable catches. In my role as UK Fisheries Minister, Iceland on the import of whale products into the UK; I am committed to ensuring that Scottish fishing interests [75381] are taken into account and that any decisions affecting the fishing industry balance the interests of the UK as a (2) what evidence she has received of the import of whole. illegal food products including whale meat and whale fins from Iceland. [75382] National Park Authorities Richard Benyon: The UK firmly supports the Convention Angela Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) who will be restrictions on international trade in whale meat and responsible for funding the pilot project for direct elections whale products. In the EU, we prohibit international of representatives to the Peak District National Park trade in all whale meat and products apart from in Authority; [73423] exceptional circumstances. (2) what criteria were used to select the Peak District I am not aware of any evidence of imports of such National Park as the pilot for the direct election of food products to the UK. representatives to National Park Authorities. [73422]

Richard Benyon: DEFRA officials are consulting with HOME DEPARTMENT both the Peak District and New Forest National Park Authorities on the procedural arrangements for direct Asylum elections, including the costs. In its response to the public consultation, the New Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State Forest National Park Authority has indicated willingness for the Home Department what recent assessment her to trial direct elections. In order to test the concept Department has made of the effects of experiencing an properly, the Government felt it was important to run extended period outside the labour market on the the trial in at least two areas and the Peak District has long-term integration into UK society of asylum characteristics that the New Forest lacks. These include seekers; and if she will make a statement. [70723] 1071W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1072W

Damian Green: None. We do not believe that asylum The Identity and Passport Service incurred seven seekers should have access to the labour market as it fixed penalty notices (parking fines) in the last five years would become a pull factor and encourage more at a total cost of £400. Two were incurred in 2007-08 at applications in the UK. The exception is when asylum a cost of £120, three in 2008-09 at a cost of £180 and seekers have waited for more than 12 months for an two in 2010-11 at a cost of £100. initial decision on their application, when they can seek These fines were incurred by individuals in the course permission to work, in line with the recent court ruling. of their official duties, providing a visa delivery/collection Civil Disorder service to embassies within central London. The Criminal Records Bureau have not owned or Karen Lumley: To ask the Secretary of State for the operated any vehicles in the last five years and have Home Department what steps her Department plans to therefore not incurred any such costs. take to ensure that police are able to deal with serious public order offences in the future. [70224] Departmental Training

Nick Herbert: The Government will always ensure that police have the tools and powers that they need to Steve McCabe: To ask the Secretary of State for the maintain order on our streets and discussions are taking Home Department what training (a) she and (b) other place with chief constables on an ongoing basis. The Ministers in her Department have undertaken since Prime Minister has already announced that extra powers 12 May 2010. [67674] will be given to police regarding the removal of face coverings and the Secretary of State for the Home Damian Green [holding answer 19 July 2011]: Home Department, my right hon. Friend the Member for Office Ministers have undertaken the following training Maidenhead (Mrs May), has asked Her Majesty’s since May 2010: Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC) to look at the Home Secretary disorder, and for its findings to inform and support No training police guidance, tactics and public order policing resources. In addition the Home Office will be looking into whether Baroness Browning curfew powers need to be extended. Finance workshop There is significant evidence that social media played Ministerial learning and development induction workshop a part in the recent riots in London and other English Nick Herbert cities. The Secretary of State has met with the Association Ministerial learning and development induction workshop of Chief Police Officers (ACPO), the Metropolitan police and social media industry representatives to consider Damian Green whether and how they can stop people communicating Ministerial learning and development induction workshop via these websites and services when it is known that James Brokenshire they are plotting violence, disorder and criminality. They also considered what action can be taken to Bill training prevent access to those services by customers identified Select Committee training as perpetrators of disorder or other criminal action. Lynne Featherstone The Home Office will continue to take this work forward Ministerial learning and development induction workshop in partnership with the police and social media industry. Media and presentation training. Crime: Victims Departmental Travel Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department what proportion of victims of crime who have reported crimes to the police have been kept Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for the informed of the progress of the police investigation in Home Department how much her Department has each of the last two years. [73920] spent on first class travel by (a) air, (b) boat and (c) train since May 2010. [75519] Nick Herbert: The latest available information comes from the British Crime Survey (BCS) and relates to Damian Green: The table gives the Home Office 2008-09. BCS interviews for 2008-09 show that 55% of (including all agencies) spend on first class travel since victims of crime said that they had been kept well May 2010. All figures are shown to the nearest £1,000. informed of the progress of the police investigation. Differentiations in class of travel by boat are not Departmental Fines recorded within Home Office Management Information. Since May 2010 the Home Office (including all agencies) Dr Whiteford: To ask the Secretary of State for the has spent the following on first class travel: Home Department how many transport-related fines her Department has settled on behalf of its staff; and £ at what cost in each year since 2007. [74381] (a) Air 0 Damian Green: Neither the Home Office nor the UK (b) Boat n/a Borders Agency meets the costs of traffic fines as these (c) Train 51,000 are considered the personal liability of the member of Note: All figures are shown to the nearest £000. staff who incurred them. 1073W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1074W

Economic Crime Unit Detections 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Catherine McKinnell: To ask the Secretary of State Calais 21,881 13,847 5,345 for the Home Department which police forces in Dover1 554 383 328 England and Wales (a) had a specialist Economic 1 Supplied by Local Immigration Team Kent, Immigration Group. Crime Unit in March 2010 and (b) are expected to Note: have a specialist Economic Crime Unit in March 2012. Locally collated management information statistics subject to the [70752] national protocol. Illegal Immigrants: Employment Nick Herbert: It is for chief constables and police authorities to decide how to allocate resources within Shabana Mahmood: To ask the Secretary of State for their police forces to ensure that they have the capacity the Home Department how many foreign nationals and capability to investigate economic crime. If required were found to be working illegally in Birmingham they also have access to specialist regional resources for Ladywood constituency in the last 12 months for which support on all types of serious and organised crime. figures are available; and what steps her Department The Home Office continues to fund the City of has taken in respect of such findings. [74513] London police with £5.1 million in 2012-13 to act as the lead force for tackling economic crime and to operate Damian Green: The records kept by the UK Border the National Fraud Intelligence Bureau which collates Agency show that during illegal working visits in the and distributes intelligence on economic crime to all UK from September 2010 to August 2011 18,329 individuals police forces. were encountered, this figure includes those arrested. It We have set out how we will increase the ability to is not possible to disaggregate these figures by constituency tackle economic crime with the creation of the Economic or county without incurring a disproportionate cost. Crime Command in the National Crime Agency which will; Where individuals are found to be working illegally a improve the sharing and use of intelligence about economic decision on any further action is made on a case by case crime; basis. A civil penalty of up to £10,000 per illegal worker increase the capacity and effectiveness of the law enforcement may be imposed on employers found to be employing response; and illegal workers. increase activity on prevention, including using intelligence The figures provided are sourced from management and information to provide real-time advice on how businesses information tools; they are not quality assured under and individuals can protect themselves. National Statistics protocols and are subject to change. Ahead of the Economic Crime Command being established, the Economic Crime Coordination Board, Immigration which is now in place, will drive forward improvements in how economic crime is tackled in the UK. Shabana Mahmood: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department what discussions she has had Firearms with the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills on skills training for the UK workforce to Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for meet future business demands which may arise from a the Home Department what steps her Department is reduction in immigration. [73244] taking to reduce the availability of illegal firearms. [74474] Damian Green: This subject is a key part of the Government’s proposals for reducing net migration. Nick Herbert: The UK has some of the toughest The Secretary of State for the Home Department, my firearms laws in the world. As we set out in the right hon. Friend the Member for Maidenhead (Mrs Government’s response to the Home Affairs Committee May), meets regularly with the Secretary of State for report on Firearms Control, published on 29 September Business, Innovation and Skills, the right hon. Member 2011, we are currently considering whether it is necessary for Twickenham (Vince Cable), as do I with other and proportionate to tighten the legislation still further Ministers in his Department. This subject has also been in respect of the criminal supply and importation discussed at Cabinet level and other cross-Whitehall of firearms. Ministerial meetings.

Illegal Immigrants Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency

Charlie Elphicke: To ask the Secretary of State for Julian Sturdy: To ask the Secretary of State for the the Home Department how many non-UK citizens Home Department whether she has considered requesting attempting to enter the UK illegally or clandestinely that the Ministry of Defence Police should be deployed were apprehended at (a) the Port of Dover and (b) the to support the territorial police forces. [71991] Port of Calais in (i) 2008-09, (ii) 2009-10 and (iii) 2010-11. [75830] Nick Herbert: The Ministry of Defence Police routinely provides security for key defence sites. Damian Green: The number of non-UK citizens Protocols are in place between the Ministry of Defence apprehended by the UK Border Agency and its French Police and the police forces in England and Wales to counterparts attempting to enter the UK illegally at support their operations, where Defence security priorities Calais, and the numbers of interceptions at the port of allow. The Ministry of Defence police provides mutual Dover, for the specified years are as follows: aid to local police forces, particularly on specific police 1075W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1076W service operations, such as riots and demonstrations. Nick Herbert [holding answer 17 October 2011]: The For example, it provided mutual aid in London and available information shows the number of police officers York during the recent public disorder. in England and Wales, by police force area as at 31 March 2011 (full-time equivalent). This is shown in the following Offensive Weapons: Sales table. Information on the number of police officers which Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for have received MAST public order training to each level the Home Department what recent discussions she has is not collected centrally by the Home Office. Decisions had with representatives of business regarding the sale on MAST training are for chief constables to take of knives. [74477] locally in conjunction with their police authority and, from November 2012, their elected police and crime Nick Herbert: The Secretary of State for the Home commissioners (PCCs). Department, the right hon. Member for Maidenhead Police officer strength in England and Wales by police force area on (Mrs May), has not had any recent discussions with 31 March 2011 representatives of retail businesses on the sale of knives. Police force All officers (FTE)1 However, we expect all retailers to provide appropriate training and support to staff on the sale of knives and Avon and Somerset 3,210 to clearly display to the public signs stating that knives Bedfordshire 1,214 are not for sale to people under the age of 18. Cambridgeshire 1,398 Cheshire 2,079 Police Cleveland 1,655 Cumbria 1,180 Derbyshire 2,021 Mr Spellar: To ask the Secretary of State for the Devon and Cornwall 3,436 Home Department whether she plans to bring forward Dorset 1,452 legislative proposals to amend the law following the Durham 1,431 outcome of DPP v Oram to ensure respect for police Essex 3,577 officers acting in the course of their duty. [74664] Gloucestershire 1,262 Greater Manchester 7,791 Nick Herbert [holding answer 17 October 2011]: The Hampshire 3,658 Government have launched a consultation which is Hertfordshire 2,048 seeking views on whether section 5 of the Public Order Humberside 1,952 Act 1986 should be amended. Kent 3,668 Lancashire 3,448 Police Federation of England and Wales Leicestershire 2,211 Lincolnshire 1,202 Dr Huppert: To ask the Secretary of State for the London, City of 878 Home Department when she last met the Chairman of Merseyside 4,297 the Police Federation of England and Wales. [73771] Metropolitan police 32,441 Norfolk 1,598 Nick Herbert: The Secretary of State for the Home Northamptonshire 1,306 Department, my right hon. Friend the Member for Northumbria 4,102 Maidenhead (Mrs May), last met the Chairman of the North Yorkshire 1,458 Police Federation of England and Wales on 10 October Nottinghamshire 2,319 2011. South Yorkshire 2,888 Staffordshire 2,079 Police Federation of England and Wales: Civil Disorder Suffolk 1,244 Surrey 1,885 Keith Vaz: To ask the Secretary of State for the Sussex 3,102 Home Department how many representations she Thames Valley 4,375 received from the Police Federation on the risk of Warwickshire 919 public disorder occurring in the last 12 months. [74511] West Mercia 2,251 West Midlands 8,149 Nick Herbert: The Home Office has regular discussions West Yorkshire 5,536 with the Police Federation on a wide range of issues. Wiltshire1,099 Police: Manpower Dyfed-Powys 1,157 Gwent 1,501 North Wales 1,530 Simon Hughes: To ask the Secretary of State for the South Wales 3,100 Home Department how many police officers there were Total 43 forces 139,110 in each police authority area on the latest date for 1 This and other tables contain full-time equivalent figures that have which figures are available; and how many of these in been rounded to the nearest whole number. Because of rounding, each area have had MAST public order training to there may be an apparent discrepancy between totals and the sums each level. [74706] of the constituent items. 1077W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1078W

Police: Pensions Anne Milton: The Department will carry out to a public consultation on independent abortion counselling. Mr Sanders: To ask the Secretary of State for the We are currently developing proposals for consultation Home Department what consideration she gave to including the timetable for introduction. We intend to undertaking a public consultation on the change in the work with experts in the field and other interested basis for indexation of police pensions from the retail parties to develop these proposals. prices index to the consumer prices index. [74083] Alcoholic Drinks: Misuse Nick Herbert: The change in indexation was a result of the announcement in the Budget on 22 June 2010 by Gloria De Piero: To ask the Secretary of State for the Chancellor of the Exchequer, my right hon. Friend Health what recent estimate he has made of the cost to the Member for Tatton (Mr Osborne), that from April the NHS of treating people with alcohol-related 2011 the consumer prices index would be used for the health problems in (a) Ashfield constituency, (b) indexation of benefits, tax credits and public service Nottinghamshire and (c) England. [75432] pensions (including police pensions). This was confirmed in the Pensions Increase (Review) Order 2011 made on Anne Milton: The Department has made no estimates 16 March 2011 by the Treasury. of the cost to the national health service of treating The annual increase of public service pensions is people with alcohol-related health problems in Ashfield governed by the Pensions (Increase) Act 1971, rather constituency and Nottinghamshire. We have previously than the legislation that provides for police pensions. estimated the cost to the NHS of treating people with There has been no consideration of consultation concerning alcohol-related health problems in England at about the basis for indexation as it applies specifically to £2.7 billion per year. The Department published this police pensions. estimate in ‘The cost of alcohol harm to the NHS in England’ in July 2008, a copy of which has already been placed in the Library. Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal Arthritis: Health Services Mr Ivan Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department whether police station inquiry Nick de Bois: To ask the Secretary of State for officers are eligible to receive the Queen’s Diamond Health what proportion of people with rheumatoid Jubilee Medal; and what criteria are used to assess arthritis received treatment by a consultant-led eligibility for the award of the medal. [74056] multidisciplinary team that included physiotherapy in the latest period for which figures are available; and if Nick Herbert [holding answer 13 October 2011]: he will make a statement. [75693] Members of the emergency services eligible for the medal are those that are called to attend emergencies, Paul Burstow: The information requested is not collected potentially placing themselves in danger or who face centrally. challenging situations in order to keep the public safe. The criterion for the medal has been agreed across Cancer: Screening Government Departments and has received Royal Assent.

Vetting: Appeals Ms Abbott: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what steps he is taking to ensure co-ordination between Public Health England, local authorities and the NHS Jeremy Lefroy: To ask the Secretary of State for the on the early diagnosis of cancer following the Home Department what plans she has to introduce a implementation of his planned reforms to the NHS. right of appeal to an independent body in respect of [75536] the content of Criminal Records Bureau checks; and if she will make a statement. [74519] Anne Milton: The Department is in discussion with local government, the national health service, the voluntary Damian Green: The Protection of Freedoms Bill, and community sector and others to finalise the operational currently before Parliament, would enable those seeking design of the new public health system. This includes Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) checks to apply to the publishing further details of the new public health independent monitor if they believed that information leadership role for local authorities and the operating provided by the police on an enhanced criminal record model for Public Health England. certificate was irrelevant or ought not to have been included. These documents will set out where the best place for commissioning responsibility should rest for campaigns around early diagnosis.

Departmental Meetings HEALTH Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Health Abortion how many meetings he has had with representatives of (a) social enterprises, (b) charities, (c) large private Ms Abbott: To ask the Secretary of State for Health sector businesses and (d) small and medium-sized what the timetable is for his Department’s planned private sector businesses since May 2010; and if he will consultation on abortion policy. [75535] make a statement. [75709] 1079W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1080W

Anne Milton: Details of all ministerial meetings with a development programme for the health visitor early implementer external parties are published quarterly in arrears on sites encompassing leadership training, new models of practice, the Department’s website. The latest data up to the end general and bespoke support; and of March 2011 can be found at: a ‘Building Community Capacity’ project tested by health visitors and school nurses in the early implementer sites, with www.dh.gov.uk/en/Aboutus/MinistersandDepartment Leaders/ national roll-out next year. Departmentdirectors/DH_110759 All events have evaluated very well with health visitors Doctors: Foreign Nationals being engaged with the developments. Additionally, professional organisations have provided learning Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Health opportunities through events and clinical articles in how many non-UK doctors and consultants were Journals. working in the NHS in the last year for which figures Guidance on appropriate training and development are available. [75937] is available locally in provider organisations and will often form the basis of appraisal discussions. Anne Milton: This information is not collected centrally. However, all doctors, including those in training, must Annette Brooke: To ask the Secretary of State for be registered with the General Medical Council and Health (1) which early implementer health visiting sites they would be better placed to provide this information. were carrying out the practice of corporate working in Health Visitors the latest period for which figures are available; [75507] (2) what assessment he has made of the Annette Brooke: To ask the Secretary of State for implementation and effectiveness of corporate working Health (1) how many health visitors have sought undertaken by early implementer health visiting sites; training in (a) children’s wellbeing, (b) children’s and if he will make a statement; [75508] emotional development, (c) parenting and (d) the importance of attachment between parent and child as Anne Milton: All services are moving towards delivery part of their continuous professional development in of the new health visiting service vision and offer to each of the last five years; [75506] families spearheaded by the early implementer sites. The actual arrangements for deployment of health visitors (2) what guidance and training is provided to health is a matter for local leadership based on meeting local visitors on children’s emotional development, health needs. This may include a range of approaches wellbeing, attachment and parenting; and if he will including primary care attachment, geographic placement make a statement. [75509] and corporate caseload. All local arrangements must address key issues of professional relationships with Anne Milton: This information is not held centrally. families, working with local communities and optimising Where aggregation of data relating to the professional working arrangements with other local providers of development of health visitors does take place, it would children and family. be carried out at local level by primary care trusts. The National Health Visitor Programme has identified Annette Brooke: To ask the Secretary of State for the need to educate the new entrants to the profession Health what steps his Department is taking to to deliver the new health visiting services. Children’s incorporate the advice contained in Educating Health emotional development, wellbeing, attachment and Visitors for a Transformed Service into the continuous parenting are recommended areas of theory, knowledge professional development of health visitors; and if he and skills for practice, set out in the Department’s will make a statement. [75510] “Educating Health Visitors for a Transformed Service”1 document and included in the health visitor education Anne Milton: “Educating Health Visitors for a programme. Transformed Service”1 provides guidance for education 1 Published by Department of Health, August 2011. commissioners and higher education institutions (HEIs), A copy of the document has been placed in the to assist with alignment of health visiting courses with Library. the new service vision for health visiting as set out in the The Health Visitor Programme has also identified the “Health Visitor Implementation Plan 2011-15: A Call need to develop and refresh the current workforce to to Action”. Copies of both documents have already provide leadership in delivery of the new service and to been placed in the Library. have the opportunity to extend and refresh clinical The guidance was produced by the Department, in practice skills through national and local programmes. collaboration with partners, including the Council of The Professional Mobilization work stream has provided Deans, the United Kingdom Standing Conference, the direct Continuing Professional Development (CPD) and Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC), the Community support to local services to deliver CPD. Practitioners and Health Visitors Association, and higher Clinical leaders estimate around 2,000 health visitors education commissioners and institutions. It supports have been engaged in nationally run and/or supported the NMC standards, and serves as a useful framework events, including three events run in partnership with for education providers seeking to reflect the new vision the NHS Institute. All programme evaluations have in their courses. aimed to provide the strategic and leadership framework The Department recommends that commissioners and to promote access to programmes such as: and higher education institutions consider the range of a number of e-learning modules that support delivery of the topics provided by the guidance when reviewing their Healthy Child Programme that are accessible to health visitors programmes to ensure that health visitors are equipped online; with appropriate theory, knowledge and skills to deliver 1081W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1082W the new service on completion of training. The guidance the Government are not pursuing a policy of privatisation specifically prompts both HEIs and commissioners to of health care providers whereby national health service focus on how they will work closely with community organisations would be transferred from public to private practice teachers and mentors in supporting students, it ownership and control. also suggests close working with strategic health authorities, so as to identify and increase the range of high quality NHS: Procurement clinical placements. Guidance on appropriate training and development Mr Baron: To ask the Secretary of State for Health is available locally in provider organisations and will how much the NHS has spent on legal, accounting and often forming the basis of appraisal discussions. other advisory fees when going through tendering processes in each of the last three years. [75796] 1 Published by Department of Health, August 2011 Incontinence: Medical Equipment Anne Milton: This information is not held centrally. This information will be held by individual national Peter Aldous: To ask the Secretary of State for health service bodies. Health what recent discussions his Department has had NHS: Reorganisation with the NHS Business Services Authority on its research report into the supply of urology and stoma products. [75450] Mr Sanders: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what assessment he has made of whether his planned Anne Milton: The Department has not had any recent reforms of the health service will result in the discussions with the NHS Business Services Authority fragmentation of NHS services; and if he will make a in relation to its report which is still in preparation. statement. [75338]

Peter Aldous: To ask the Secretary of State for Anne Milton: We do not consider that the Health and Health (1) what recent assessment his Department has Social Care Bill will lead to the fragmentation of NHS made of the effect of Part IX of the Drug Tariff on services. patient choice of urology and stoma products; [75451] The Bill would place a duty on clinical commissioning (2) what recent assessment he has made of the price groups and the NHS Commissioning Board in relation variation in primary care for urology and stoma to securing integrated services where they benefit patients. Monitor would also be required to enable the delivery products. [75452] of integrated services. Anne Milton: We have made no assessment of the Commissioners will continue to be responsible for effect of Part IX of the Drug Tariff on patient choice of securing healthcare services for their local populations urology and stoma products. and will be empowered to take decisions on how services We have made no assessment of price variation in will be bundled together. This will include commissioning primary care for urology and stoma products. For national integrated services to deliver better outcomes for patients. health service prescriptions dispensed in primary care Nothing in the Bill would force commissioners to unbundle dispensing contractors are reimbursed according to the or fragment services against the best interests of patients. Drug Tariff. The Drug Tariff sets out Secretary of State Nurses: Foreign Workers determinations, which apply nationally; of the amounts pharmacy and appliance contractors will be paid for Valerie Vaz: To ask the Secretary of State for Health dispensing NHS prescriptions. what steps he is taking to ensure testing of the language NHS Blood and Transplant and competence of nurses who have trained within the European Economic Area and Switzerland. [75579] Chris Evans: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what recent assessment he has made of the future of Anne Milton: Systematic testing of the language the NHS Blood and Transplant Service; and if he will knowledge of health care professionals at the point of make a statement [75550] registration is contrary to European law. However, nurses work in an employed environment and their employers Anne Milton: I refer the hon. Member to my written can and should ensure that any nurse appointed is able ministerial statement given on 18 October 2011, Official and competent to carry out their duties effectively. This Report, columns 61-62WS. must include their overall competency for the role and more specifically their ability to communicate to the NHS: Privatisation required standard. The Department recognises that there are wide spread Mr Sanders: To ask the Secretary of State for Health concerns about this issue, and we are in discussions with pursuant to the answer of 22 March 2011, Official the Nursing and Midwifery Council about whether any Report, column 1011W,on health services: privatisation, steps can be taken to strengthen local checks on nurses. what definition of privatisation his Department uses. [75337] Orthopaedics: Footwear

Anne Milton: The answer given by the Minister of Andrew Bridgen: To ask the Secretary of State for State, Department of Health, my right hon. Friend the Health how many people have received treatment Member for Chelmsford (Mr Burns), on 22 March involving orthopaedic shoes in each of the last five 2011, Official Report, column 1011W, confirmed that years. [75617] 1083W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1084W

Anne Milton: Information about orthopaedic footwear In addition, an expert Steering Group has been is not collected centrally. It is for local national health established to help us to consider the most appropriate service organisations to determine how best to use their delivery model at local and national level in order to funds to meet national and local priorities for improving support consistency of provision across local areas, health and to commission services accordingly including while also evaluating the resources that are already in the provision of orthopaedic footwear. place to ensure the system as a whole functions to direct parents to the support they need.

WORK AND PENSIONS Kate Green: To ask the Secretary of State for Work Children: Day Care and Pensions what costs have been included in the expected average administrative costs for processing an Chris Evans: To ask the Secretary of State for Work application under the new statutory child maintenance and Pensions what support his Department is system. [73321] providing to low-income parents to assist with child care costs. [75552] Maria Miller: The Government are considering a Maria Miller: Jobcentre Plus advisers help parents range of options for the new child maintenance scheme identify and access appropriate child care provision in and the cost implications will be determined by the their area. Partnership managers work with local authorities option chosen. to identify gaps in provision. The costs of child care are However, once the new scheme has been live for a paid by Jobcentre Plus for parent claimants on Jobcentre significant period, the cost of processing an application Plus work and training programmes. could stabilise at around £220. Help with child care costs for working parents is currently provided via working tax credits. Families are Kate Green: To ask the Secretary of State for Work able to receive support for child care costs of 70% up to and Pensions what (a) research and (b) analysis was a maximum of £175 for one child or £300 for two or undertaken by his Department on the effect different more children per week. From 2013 this support will be levels of charges levied on parents with care and paid through the universal credit. Currently, child care non-resident parents under the new statutory child support is only available for people who work 16 hours maintenance system would have on (i) the behaviour of a week or more, but under universal credit this requirement non-resident parents and (ii) the behaviour of parents will be removed. with care; and whether he plans to publish the findings Children: Maintenance of such research and analysis. [73322]

Sheila Gilmore: To ask the Secretary of State for Maria Miller: The Government are considering a Work and Pensions what discussions he has had with range of options on charging and further details will be the Scottish Government Ministers on providing additional published when the Government consults on the draft resources for mediation services in Scotland to support regulations. Impact assessments accompanying the draft separating parents to reach voluntary arrangements for regulations will set out the estimated effects on volumes child maintenance should the provisions of the Welfare and individuals who will be affected by the proposed Reform Bill on child maintenance become law. [71509] new charges. Maria Miller: The Government recognise that family support is a devolved matter and we are working closely Kate Green: To ask the Secretary of State for Work with Scottish Government colleagues to look at implications and Pensions what estimate his Department has made for family support services in Scotland. of the (a) start up and (b) ongoing administrative Our proposals for family support outlined in the costs arising from (i) charging and collection of application Green Paper are about making it easier for families to fees from parents with care, (ii) charging and collection access the support that currently exists and that many of ongoing fees from parents with care using the organisations offer separating and separated parents. Commission’s collection service and (iii) the charging However this system of support is seen by some families and collection of ongoing fees from non-resident parents as complicated to navigate and we need to better understand where the Commission’s collection service is used. how best and what aspects of this support to co-ordinate. [73323] We will continue to work closely with other Government Departments, including the Department for Education, Maria Miller: The costs associated with the introduction the Ministry for Justice and the Department of Health. of charging for users of the statutory maintenance We are also working to ensure that this work is aligned service are included within the overall cost of developing with that of the Family Justice Review. the new statutory scheme, and it is not possible to As I clarified at the Work and Pensions Select Committee isolate these costs separately. Similarly, it is not possible on 15 June mediation is only one approach that we are to isolate the ongoing costs of charging as charging will exploring. Mediation can be very expensive to administer be included as an intrinsic part of the processes of the and may not be the most appropriate support for all new scheme. families. Families require differing support depending on their circumstances, and that is why we are already Kate Green: To ask the Secretary of State for Work working with the voluntary and community sector in and Pensions what plans he has for charges for low order to understand what forms of existing support are income parents using the new statutory child maintenance most effective in helping parents work collaboratively system following the introduction of universal credit. to establish enduring co-parenting arrangements. [73335] 1085W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1086W

Maria Miller: The detailed interactions between the medium-sized private sector businesses since May current and future child maintenance schemes and universal 2010; and if he will make a statement. [75719] credit are in the process of being developed. As part of this, we are specifically considering how receipt of universal Chris Grayling: Details of meetings held between credit will interrelate to the proposed charges for parents DWP Ministers and outside organisations is published using the future child maintenance scheme. on a quarterly basis on the Department’s website: The Government are considering a range of options http://www.dwp.gov.uk/publications/corporate-publications/ on charging and further details will be published when ministers-meetings-overseas.shtml the Government consult on the draft regulations. Information for quarters April 2011 to June 2011 and July 2011 to September 2011 is being collated and will Kate Green: To ask the Secretary of State for Work be published in due course. and Pensions (1) what estimate he has made of the Disability Living Allowance total administrative costs of a child maintenance case under the new statutory child maintenance system over Mr Hepburn: To ask the Secretary of State for Work the period an average case is expected to last; [73336] and Pensions (1) how many people in (a) Jarrow (2) what estimate he has made of the average annual constituency, (b) South Tyneside, (c) the north-east cost of a child maintenance case under the new statutory and (d) the UK were in receipt of disability living child maintenance system in (a) the year when an allowance in each year since its inception; [72992] application is first made and (b) each subsequent year. (2) how many people in (a) Jarrow constituency, (b) [73337] South Tyneside, (c) the north-east and (d) the UK were in receipt of disability living allowance in the Maria Miller: The Government are considering a latest period for which figures are available; [73376] range of options for the new child maintenance scheme and further details will be published when the Government (3) how many people in (a) Jarrow constituency, (b) consult in due course. At this time we will be able to South Tyneside, (c) the north-east and (d) the UK provide more information on the cost implications of were in receipt of disability living allowance including the proposals. the (i) higher and (ii) lower rate mobility component in each year since its inception; [73377] The approximate annual cost of maintaining a case is (4) how many recipients of disability living expected to reduce with the introduction of the new allowance in (a) Jarrow constituency, (b) South scheme. Analysis of the current scheme shows that an Tyneside, (c) the north-east and (d) the UK have been average case can be expected to last nine years. interviewed and had their benefits reassessed since May 2010; and how many (i) were awarded a lower level of Departmental Meetings benefit, (ii) lost all of their allowance and (iii) were successful on appeal. [72993] Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions how many meetings he has had with Maria Miller: The information requested on numbers representatives of (a) social enterprises, (b) charities, of disability living allowance recipients is contained in (c) large private sector businesses and (d) small and the following table.

Disability living allowance (DLA) recipients by mobility award type: Timeseries Total Higher mobility rate Lower mobility rate Nil mobility rate

Jarrow parliamentary constituency February 1997 4,100 3,100 600 1500 February 1998 4,500 3,300 800 1400 February 1999 4,400 3,100 800 1500 February 2000 4,300 3,100 800 1500 February 2001 4,500 3,200 800 1500 February 2002 4,900 3,400 1,000 1500 February 2003 5,090 3,620 910 560 February 2004 5,200 3,650 970 570 February 2005 5,220 3,610 1,040 580 February 2006 5,350 3,650 1,120 580 February 2007 5,470 3,720 1,150 600 February 2008 5,640 3,800 1,230 610 February 2009 5,770 3,820 1,300 650 February 2010 5,890 3,870 1,390 630 February 2011 6,100 3,920 1,530 650

South Tyneside local authority November 1995 6,900 5,100 1,000 700 February 1996 7,000 5,300 1,000 700 February 1997 7,900 5,800 1,300 800 February 1998 8,500 6,300 1,400 800 1087W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1088W

Disability living allowance (DLA) recipients by mobility award type: Timeseries Total Higher mobility rate Lower mobility rate Nil mobility rate

February 1999 8,400 5,900 1,500 900 February 2000 8,500 6,000 1,600 900 February 2001 8,900 6,100 1,600 1,100 February 2002 9,400 6,300 2,000 1,100 February 2003 9,380 6,470 1,760 1,150 February 2004 9,580 6,540 1,890 1,150 February 2005 9,690 6,500 2,020 1,170 February 2006 9,870 6,550 2,180 1,150 February 2007 10,160 6,660 2,310 1,190 February 2008 10,470 6,800 2,450 1,220 February 2009 10,770 6,880 2,620 1,280 February 2010 11,000 6,950 2,790 1,260 February 2011 11,140 6,920 2,950 1,280

North-east region November 1995 112,300 83,300 15,400 13,600 February 1996 115,600 84,900 16,200 14,500 February 1997 128,500 91,500 20,000 17,000 February 1998 137,900 97,000 22,400 18,500 February 1999 140,800 97,500 24,500 18,800 February 2000 143,200 97,500 26,100 19,600 February 2001 147,200 99,800 28,100 19,400 February 2002 152,400 101,800 30,700 19,800 February 2003 154,840 101,860 32,800 20,180 February 2004 157,100 102,600 34,630 19,870 February 2005 158,610 102,620 36,330 19,660 February 2006 159,730 102,620 37,810 19,300 February 2007 163,170 103,810 39,800 19,560 February 2008 167,360 105,380 41,920 20,060 February 2009 172,180 106,720 44,700 20,760 February 2010 175,290 107,210 47,360 20,720 February 2011 177,090 106,930 49,550 20,620

Great Britain and abroad November 1995 1,684,900 1,190,500 294,300 200,000 February 1996 1,728,200 1,216,100 307,100 205,100 February 1997 1,907,600 1,312,000 365,400 230,200 February 1998 2,038,400 1,372,700 410,100 255,600 February 1999 2,102,400 1,386,800 442,000 273,500 February 2000 2,172,300 1,406,400 474,400 291,500 February 2001 2,275,600 1,455,400 514,500 305,600 February 2002 2,391,100 1,515,400 561,800 314,000 February 2003 2,516,130 1,561,190 611,800 343,130 February 2004 2,625,390 1,606,770 659,990 358,630 February 2005 2,712,910 1,639,160 705,180 368,570 February 2006 2,785,680 1,663,720 746,240 375,720 February 2007 2,860,790 1,691,330 788,600 380,870 February 2008 2,945,570 1,723,150 835,360 387,060 February 2009 3,043,990 1,750,760 893,190 400,030 February 2010 3,137,730 1,776,550 951,110 410,080 1089W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1090W

Disability living allowance (DLA) recipients by mobility award type: Timeseries Total Higher mobility rate Lower mobility rate Nil mobility rate

February 2011 3,192,090 1,780,420 998,170 413,500 1 Figures of 500 or less are subject to a degree of sampling variation and therefore should be used as a guide only to the correct situation. Notes: 1. Figures from November 1995 to February 2002 are taken from 5% sample data. They have been uprated to be consistent with WPLS data and are rounded to the nearest 100. Figures from May 2002 onwards are taken from WPLS 100% data and are rounded to the nearest 10. Totals may not sum due to rounding. 2. Totals show the number of people in receipt of an allowance, and excludes cases where the payment has been suspended, e.g. if they are in hospital. 3. Constituencies used are for the Westminster Parliament and reflect the changes from May 2010. Prior to this, the constituencies used are for May 2005. 4. Local authority boundary changes from April 2009 have also been taken into account. 5. There is no parliamentary constituency information for DLA until February 1997. 6. Great Britain data have been provided as the information for Northern Ireland is the responsibility of the Northern Ireland Office. Northern Ireland statistics can be found at: http://www.dsdni.gov.uk/index/stats_and_research.htm Source: Department for Work and Pensions, Information Directorate, 100% WPLS. DWP Information Directorate: Sample data (5%).

The information on numbers of recipients of disability Maria Miller: Kinship carers can be eligible for a living allowance who have been reassessed is not available range of benefits. If they are approved foster carers, in the format requested. Information regarding how they can receive a fostering allowance in England and many people in Jarrow constituency, South Tyneside, Wales or kinship care allowance in Scotland. If they are the north-east and the UK have been interviewed and not approved, kinship carers may be entitled to child their disability living allowance (DLA) reassessed since benefit, either child tax credits or pension credits, and May 2010 and how many were awarded a lower level of any other benefits available to parents, subject to the benefit, lost all of their allowance and were successful standard eligibility criteria. In order to prevent double on appeal is not routinely collated and can be obtained provision, these benefits are not provided where the only at disproportionate cost. Such information as is child is formally looked after by the local authority and available is contained in the following table. their accommodation or maintenance is provided from Information on disability living allowance (DLA) decisions and appeal public funds. outcome at Great Britain level—May 2010 to September 2011 We are currently considering support for families Number under universal credit, including support for kinship carers. Total DLA decisions made (Reconsiderations, 802,000 Renewals and Supersessions) In addition, statutory .guidance for local authorities DLA award reduced 56,000 on family and friends care was issued in March 2011. In DLA disallowed (an award of benefit becomes a 60,000 particular, it sets out a requirement on local authorities disallowance) to develop equitable and transparent policies for delivering Total DLA decisions made following an appeal 81,000 effective services to kinship carers across the range of hearing legal arrangements which underpin family and friends Appeal successful—award increased 7,000 care. Allowed on appeal (a disallowance of one or both 24,000 components becomes an award of benefit) Fiona O’Donnell: To ask the Secretary of State for Notes: Work and Pensions what meetings he has had with (a) 1. Figures rounded to nearest 1,000. kinship carers and (b) organisations representing kinship 2. DLA decisions made figures include reconsiderations, renewals, supersessions (where someone is already in receipt of benefit and carers; and if he will publish the papers in connection to reports a change of circumstances which results in the benefit being such meetings. [75655] changed or suspended) and active case management supersessions. The figures do not include Secretary of State supersessions—that is Maria Miller: My ministerial colleagues and I have where an award of DLA is looked at again because information has met with representatives from the Kinship Care Alliance been received that raises questions about the customer’s entitlement to DLA. This is because the DLA computer system does not report on a number of occasions. In line with Cabinet Office out the same level of information for Secretary of State guidance, Ministers’ meetings with key stakeholders supersessions. and representative organisations are published on the 3. The DLA management information on appeal decisions does not Cabinet Office website. enable us to identify the type of decision that the customer is disputing. Not all of the appeal decisions shown above will be in connection with an appeal against a decision to award a lower level Pensions: Public Expenditure of benefit or disallow DLA following reassessment. The appeal figures will also include appeals where the customer is disputing the outcome of their initial claim for DLA. Mr Frank Field: To ask the Secretary of State for Source: Work and Pensions what estimate he has made of the Department for Work and Pensions—RDA60209 and RDA60205 likely cost to the public purse arising from implementation reports—DLA Management Information Statistics of his proposed amendments 13 and 14 to the Pensions Bill at Report Stage; and from which Government Kinship Carers budget these costs will be met. [75966]

Fiona O’Donnell: To ask the Secretary of State for Steve Webb: The new timetable will reduce the estimated Work and Pensions what plans he has to improve savings by a total of £1.1 billion in 2019-20 and 2020-21 support for kinship carers. [75654] (2011-12 prices). 1091W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1092W

Social Security Benefits State Retirement Pensions: Females

Mr Laws: To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Damian Hinds: To ask the Secretary of State for Pensions what assessment he has made of the effect of Work and Pensions what estimate he has made of the changes to (a) housing benefit and (b) council tax number of (a) women and (b) men in (i) East benefit on the working age population, broken down by Hampshire constituency, (ii) Hampshire and (iii) the those (i) in and (ii) out of work in (A) 2012 and (B) UK who will benefit from his proposed capping of the 2013; and if he will make a statement. [75397] increase in women’s state pension age at 18 months. [75559]

Steve Webb: The Department has commissioned a Steve Webb: The information requested is provided in consortium of academics and research organisations the table below, Great Britain population figures have led by Ian Cole, professor of housing studies at Sheffield been used instead of UK population figures. Hallam university to undertake an independent review Number of people with reduced increase in state pension age due to of the impact of the housing benefit measures introduced capping of the increase in women’s state pension age at 18 months last month. The work will cover both in-work and out Men Women of work housing benefit claimants and is longitudinal in nature so will re-visit respondents a year after initial East Hampshire 420 410 interviews. constituency Hampshire 5,400 5,700 The Department for Communities and Local Government, the Scottish Government and Welsh Assembly Great Britain 240,000 245,000 Notes: Government are working in close partnership with the 1. Figures are a best estimate making use of county and DWP and contributing to the costs of the review. constituency level population figures derived from England and A copy of the available impact assessments on those Wales birth distribution data and local level population estimates. 2. Figures at constituency level have been rounded to the nearest 10, in-work and out of work has been placed in the Library. at county level to the nearest 100 and at GB level to the nearest 5,000. Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work 3. Figures for Great Britain have been used consistent with the approach for the Pensions Bill 2011 impact assessment. and Pensions what estimate he has made of the total Source: monetary value of benefits that are unclaimed for each ONS 2008-based Population estimates type of benefit in the last year for which figures are Winterbourne View Hospital available. [75938] Margaret Curran: To ask the Secretary of State for Chris Grayling: For the six income-related benefits Work and Pensions what discussions he has had with for which estimates are available there was between (a) the Department of Health and (b) disabled people £6,930 million and £12,700 million left unclaimed in following the recent abuse of disabled people at 2008-09; this compared to £38,110 million that was Winterbourne View hospital. [72991] claimed and represents take-up by expenditure of between about 75% and 85%. The information by benefit is in Maria Miller: I have had discussions with both the the following table. Department of Health and representatives from disabled people’s organisations regarding Winterbourne View £ million hospital. Unclaimed benefit Benefit Lower Upper

Income support/Employment and 590 1,630 support allowance INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Pension credit 1,630 2,930 Afghanistan: Reconstruction Housing benefit 1,780 3,410 Council tax benefit 1,490 2,150 Jobseeker’s allowance (income 1,450 2,580 Stephen Barclay: To ask the Secretary of State for based) International Development pursuant to the answer of 8 Notes: September 2011, Official Report, column 768W, on 1. These statistics are from the National Statistics publication “Income Afghanistan: reconstruction, what projects were funded Related Benefits Estimates of Take-Up in 2008-09” and are available through the National Rural Access Program and National via the following link http://research.dwp.gov.uk/asd/index.php?page=irb Solidarity Program in Afghanistan; and how much They refer to private households in Great Britain and exclude the [75224] full-time self-employed. funding each received. 2. Take-up estimates are presented as ranges within which it can be assumed true take-up lies. These robust “ranges of true take-up” Mr O’Brien: The multi-donor National Rural Access account for possible biases that arise in estimating take-up from the Program (NRAP) reports tasks completed rather than available data sources. These ranges also account for the effects of individual projects. It would incur disproportionate cost sampling variation (otherwise known as sampling error). Care should be taken when interpreting take-up statistics. For instance, if the to obtain details of all of the projects that were funded upper limit of a caseload take-up range is 90%, this does not necessarily through this programme and how much funding each mean that at least 10% never take up their entitlement. This is because received. some of the shortfall in take-up may represent a delay in claiming According to the National Solidarity Programme benefit that is eventually received. Source: (NSP) website: Income Related Benefits Estimates of Take-Up in 2008-09. www.nspafghanistan.org 1093W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1094W the multi-donor NSP has supported over 13,000 transport Charities: Finance projects to date. It is not possible to determine the proportion of UK funds used for priority road projects Tristram Hunt: To ask the Secretary of State for through this programme without incurring disproportionate International Development how much his Department costs. has granted to (a) Oxfam, (b) UNICEF, (c) CAFOD, (d) WaterAid and (e) Christian Aid since May 2010. Stephen Barclay: To ask the Secretary of State for [75323] International Development pursuant to the answer of 8 September 2011, Official Report, column 768W, on Mr O’Brien: Details of the funding provided by Afghanistan: reconstruction, what the proportion was DFID to each of the organisations for the period of the £98 million of funding provided by his Department 1 April 2010 to 31 March 2011 are provided in Statistics through the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund for International Development (SID) 2011. Table 18 of that supported priority road projects through the National SID provides information on UNICEF and Table 19 Rural Access Program and National Solidarity Program. for CAFOD, Christian Aid, Oxfam and WaterAid. This [75225] information is available on the Department for International Developments (DFID) website: Mr O’Brien: Of the £98 million provided by the www.dfid.gov.uk Department for International Development to the Information about funding since April 2011 will be Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund, and estimated provided in the next SID 2011-12. to have been spent on infrastructure, £18 million was Departmental Location provided to the National Rural Access Programme for priority road projects (approximately 17%). Mr Weir: To ask the Secretary of State for International According to the National Solidarity Programme Development how many civil servants in his Department (NSP) website: have been (a) relocated and (b) agreed to relocation in www.nspafghanistan.org the last 12 months; and to which areas of the UK. the multi-donor NSP has supported over 13,000 transport [74895] projects to date. It is not possible to determine the Mr O’Brien: The Department for International proportion of UK funds used for priority road projects Development (DFID) has two headquarter locations in through this programme without incurring disproportionate the UK; one in London and the other in East Kilbride, costs. near Glasgow. Within the last 12 months, 31 staff agreed to relocation. 30 staff have actually relocated. Of these, 24 staff relocated Afghanistan: Roads from London to East Kilbride, and six from East Kilbride to London. Stephen Barclay: To ask the Secretary of State for Departmental Procurement International Development which road projects in Afghanistan his Department has funded or part- Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for funded in each year since 2001. [75571] International Development how many contracts his Department has awarded directly to third sector Mr Andrew Mitchell: I have deposited in the Library organisations in each month since May 2010; what the a table that shows how much funding DFID has provided value was of such contracts; and if he will make a to programmes that include road projects. We are not statement. [75150] able to provide a more detailed breakdown of the specific projects we contribute to through multi-donor Mr O’Brien: The number and total value of contracts programmes managed by the Afghan Government without awarded directly to third sector organisations by the incurring disproportionate costs. Department for International Development’s (DFID) central procurement department since May 2010 are provided in the following table: British Overseas Territories: Overseas Aid Number Total value (£ million) Mr Evennett: To ask the Secretary of State for October 2010 1 0.1 International Development what plans he has to provide November 2010 1 8.3 aid to British Overseas Territories and Dependants in December 2010 2 4.0 the next 12 months. [74931] January 2011 1 7.5 February 2011 3 8.5 Mr O’Brien: The Overseas Territories department’s March 2011 3 7.5 operational plan which was published on 28 May 2011 May 2011 1 3.0 confirmed that in 2011-12 the department plans to June 2011 1 7.5 provide £59.913 million in aid to the British Overseas August 2011 2 2.8 Territories and Dependencies. In 2012-13 DFID plans to provide £59.2 million. The above data relates specifically to supplier type contracts issued to third sector organisations. DFID The operational plan has been published to the DFID apply the EU principles of open and fair procurement website to supplier contracts, with all competitions carried out http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Where-we-work/Overseas-Territories/ in line with the EU directives. 1095W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1096W

DFID provided £329 million of funding to UK civil EU Aid: Trade Unions society organisations in 2010-11 through other types of arrangement. Alun Cairns: To ask the Secretary of State for International Development how much aid from the EU budget has been disbursed to trade unions in each of Departmental Security the last 10 financial years. [74127]

Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Mr O’Brien: The official annual report 2011 on the International Development what steps his Department European Union’s Development and External Assistance is taking to improve cyber-security in relation to his Policies and their Implementation in 2010 contains Department’s estate; and if he will make a statement. information on EU expenditure on external relations [75152] on an annual basis. DFID do not hold information on EU overseas development assistance (ODA) disbursed Mr O’Brien: Government takes cyber security very to trade unions, but the European Commission DG seriously and it has been categorised as a tier one threat EuropeAid public enquiry point to UK national security. £650 million is being invested [email protected] over the next four years in a National Cyber Security may be able to provide my hon. Friend with this Programme, working across Departments, with the private information. sector, international partners and citizens to improve the UK’s cyber security capability. Details of DFID’s existing commitments to trade unions during the comprehensive spending review (CSR) Department for International Development routinely period are available in the Library of the House. assesses the prevailing threats to its ICT systems and applies appropriate and proportionate measures in Trade unions are eligible to apply for civil society accordance with the Government standards set out in funding during the CSR period, such as through the the Cabinet Office’s Security Policy Framework (SPF); Global Poverty Action Fund (GPAF), in competition these standards are aligned with industry best practice with other civil society organisations. Any decision to approaches. offer funding will be based on the quality of proposals submitted. We expect all proposals to demonstrate value It is not in the interest of national security to make for money in delivering real benefits for poor people public details of particular improvements in relation to while contributing to DFID’s wider development goals. individual Departments as it may expose vulnerabilities to those who may seek to exploit them. Overseas Aid

Stephen Barclay: To ask the Secretary of State for Developing Countries: Infant Mortality International Development what criteria his Department uses to review a country’s performance for the purposes Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for of determining aid allocation; and how frequently such International Development what recent progress he has reviews are conducted. [75572] made towards meeting the Millennium Development Goal of reducing the under-five mortality rate to Mr O’Brien: DFID’s Bilateral and Multilateral Aid two-thirds of 1990 levels by 2015. [75440] Reviews in 2010-11 introduced a new approach to aid allocation. DFID no longer allocates resources to countries Mr Andrew Mitchell: Between 1990 and 2008, the and regions through a top-down process focused on a death rate for children under five decreased by 28%. formula based on country need and the likely effectiveness Worldwide this means 10,000 fewer under-five deaths of assistance. Instead, DFID identifies and scrutinises every day. However, 7.6 million children still die every from the bottom-up the results that UK assistance can year and over 350,000 women lose their lives unnecessarily achieve against its development objectives in each country from complications with pregnancy and childbirth. The and makes allocation decisions accordingly. DFID will UK is committed to supporting the UN ″Every Women continually centrally monitor its performance against Every Child″ Global Strategy on Women’s and Children’s its published targets and country operational plans as Health to accelerate progress on improving maternal part of its annual budget cycle and this will drive and child health. Our Framework for Results; ‘Choices resource allocation decisions going forward. for women: Planned pregnancies, safer births and healthy newborns’ sets out the UK contribution to this strategy. Sri Lanka: Overseas Aid We will save the lives of 50,000 mothers and 250,000 newborn children in poor countries by 2015. UK support Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for to GAVI over the next five years will enable them to International Development how much aid his Department vaccinate over 80 million children and save 1.4 million has given to Sri Lanka in each of the last 10 years. lives. [74228] The UN published an interim progress report in September 2011. ‘Saving the Lives of 16 Million’ showed Mr Duncan: The Department for International enhanced commitment, with increased funding and Development (DFID) allocated the following amounts improved policies and services strengthened on the ground. to Sri Lanka over the last 10 financial years. In addition, more than 100 new partners including Governments, civil society and multilateral organisations, Financial year DFID bilateral spend (£ million) joined the initiative, bringing the total to more than 2001-02 4.738 200. 1097W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1098W

Financial year DFID bilateral spend (£ million) Financial year Total DFID bilateral programme (£ million)

2002-03 5.724 2006-07 21.5 2003-04 8.093 2007-08 12.0 2004-05 6.552 2008-09 19.2 2005-06 10.774 2009-10 29.8 2006-07 5.904 2010-11 51.1 2007-08 1.813 2008-09 2.978 2009-10 13.061 2010-11 1.375 CABINET OFFICE DFID closed its bilateral programme with Sri Lanka in 2006. However, since then DFID has contributed Duchy of Lancaster: Income bilaterally to humanitarian work in Sri Lanka, all through the UN, Red Cross and NGOs; none going directly to Stephen Phillips: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet the Government of Sri Lanka. Office what the income was to the Duchy of Lancaster Details of UK aid expenditure are published annually from property escheating to the Dukedom in each of in Statistics on International Development, which is the last 10 years. [75344] available in the Library of the House and on DFID’s website. Mr Maude: Receipts to the Duchy of Lancaster from Escheat for the last 10 years is shown in the following Third Sector table:

Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Escheat receipts from sales (£) International Development how much direct funding his Department has allocated to each civil society 2001-02 4,870 organisation in (a) 2010-11, (b) 2011-12, (c) 2012-13, 2002-03 4,200 (d) 2013-14 and (e) 2014-15; and if he will make a 2003-04 8,101 statement. [74820] 2004-05 23,130 2005-06 2,350 Mr O’Brien: The Department for International 2006-07 62 Development (DFID) supports Civil Society Organisations 2007-08 68,290 (CSOs) through a range of centrally managed funds 2008-09 29,028 and through country programmes. Details of funding 2009-10 171,699 provided to UK based CSOs in 2010-11 can be found in 2010-11 0 Table 19 of “Statistics on International Development” 2011. This is available in the Library of the House and Unemployment on the DFID website www.dfid.gov.uk Helen Jones: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Details of funding provided to CSOs in 2011-12 will Office what the percentage change in the level of be published in the next “Statistics on International unemployment has been in each local authority area Development” in 2012. since May 2010. [76104] The UK Government introduced the Aid Transparency Guarantee in 2010-11, which commits DFID to making Mr Hurd: The information requested falls within the all aid spend fully transparent to citizens in the UK and responsibility of the UK Statistics Authority. I have developing countries, increasing accessibility and feedback. asked the authority to reply. As a result, full details of all DFID funded projects, including those delivered by CSOs, can be found on the Letter from Stephen Penneck: project database on DFID’s website: As Director General for the Office for National Statistics, I have been asked to reply to your Parliamentary Question asking what http://www.dfid.gov.uk/About-us/How-we-measure-progress/ the percentage change in the level of unemployment has been in DFID-spend each local authority area since May 2010. (076104) DFID is also encouraging International Organisations The Office for National Statistics produces estimates of total and CSOs to make similar commitments. unemployment for unitary and local authorities, from a statistical model based on Annual Population Survey (APS) lending strength Yemen: Overseas Aid from Claimant Count, following International Labour Organisation (ILO) definitions. Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for Table 1 shows the percentage changes in the levels of unemployment International Development how much aid his for all local authorities in Great Britain between the 12 month Department has given to Yemen in each of the last five period ending June 2010 and the 12 month period ending March years. [74498] 2011, which is the latest period available. As the information requested is quite extensive, a copy has been placed in the House Mr O’Brien: The amount of bilateral assistance provided of Commons Library. to Yemenby the Department for International Development National and local area estimates for many labour market (DFID) is reported in “Statistics on International statistics, including employment, unemployment and JSA count Development”, which is available in the Library of the are available on the Nomis website at: House and on DFID’s website. http://www.nomisweb.co.uk 1099W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1100W

DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER Mr Harper: Data on the levels of electoral registration over the period following transition to Individual Electoral Voter Registration Registration in Northern Ireland have been published by the Electoral Commission and are available at: Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister how http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/publications-and- much his Department spent on steps to encourage research/policy-and- research?query=&meta_s_phrase=Electoral_ voter registration in each of the last five years; and how register&meta_C=Northern+lreland&meta_dyear=&sort= much funding he plans to allocate for such purposes in relevancy&daat=on each of the next four years. [75900] The Government will do everything they can to maintain Mr Harper: Electoral registration is the responsibility the completeness of the electoral register during the of individual Electoral Registration Officers (EROs). transition to Individual Registration in Great Britain. Local authorities have a duty to encourage participation This includes learning from the experience in Northern in the electoral process and the Electoral Commission Ireland in formulating our plans for the transition, such promotes public awareness of registration and produces as phasing the transition in over two years, allowing research and reports on electoral registration issues. electors who do not apply under the new system in 2014 Electoral registration activity at the local level is funded to be carried forward so they retain their vote at the through the Revenue Support Grant from central 2015 general election. Every eligible elector will be Government. asked in 2014 to register under the new system: this will The Ministry of Justice (responsible for elections include personal invites to people on the register, inquiries policy until June 2010) provided funding through the to households where no one is registered or people have Electoral Participation Fund set up in 2007-08 to support moved, reminder letters and face to face doorstep canvassers. local electoral officers in undertaking their statutory There will be a publicity campaign run by the Electoral duties. The following funds were provided from the Commission. We are also testing data matching to Participation Fund: £934,742 in 2007-08, £544,392 in identify people missing from the register and looking at 2008-09 and £153,895 in 2009-10. A further £67,355 how we can increase the choices people have over how was spent in 2010-11 to support activities undertaken to register—including greater use of online registration. by electoral administrators to encourage participation The Government are also funding research to understand at the elections which were held on 6 May 2010, but the current state of the electoral register. This will help approved in the previous financial year. The Participation us to better understand the way in which the move to Fund was closed in the Emergency Budget of 22 June 2010. Individual Electoral Registration will have an impact. The Government have allocated a total of £108 million Further research will be conducted with currently under- to meet the cost of implementing Individual Electoral registered groups in order to ensure that as many people Registration. This will fund EROs to make contact with as possible are registered to vote, and to assist the each potential elector individually and invite them to transition to Individual Electoral Registration. register in 2014. It will also fund research to understand the current state of the electoral register and currently Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister if he under-registered groups in order to ensure that as many will place in the Library a copy of the interim findings people as possible are registered to vote. This year the of the research project on electoral registration data Government are funding the piloting of ’data matching’ sharing. [75896] of electoral registers against other data sources, such as the National Pupil Database and the Department for Mr Harper: The Government are conducting pilots Work and Pensions database, to identify possible eligible to test data matching of the electoral registers against electors, as well as looking at the ways in which we can various national datasets in 22 pilot sites. The pilots are make it as easy and secure as possible for citizens to still live and will continue to run until 30 November. register to vote, such as online registration. The Electoral Commission will conduct an independent evaluation of the pilots which will be completed and Climate Change: International Cooperation published in March 2012. The Government will also undertake their own evaluation which will consider Luciana Berger: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister both the process of data matching and the potential whether he will attend the UN conference on climate impact it may have on the completeness and accuracy of change in Durban later this year. [75439] the electoral registers.

The Deputy Prime Minister: The UK delegation will Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister how be led by the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate many people were prosecuted for not completing an Change, my right hon. Friend the Member for Eastleigh electoral registration form in each of the last three (Chris Huhne). I do not plan to attend. years. [75901] Electoral Registration Mr Harper: The Government do not hold this Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister what information, but it can be found on the Electoral estimate he has made of the change in the level of Commission’s website at: electoral registration arising from the introduction of http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/performance- individual voter registration in Northern Ireland; and standards/data-collection what estimate he has made of the potential effects on The Electoral Commission figures show that the number the level of voter registration of the introduction of of prosecutions initiated as a result of a failure to individual voter registration in the rest of the UK. respond to the annual canvass in the last three years are [75891] as follows: 1101W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1102W

the move to Individual Electoral Registration and will Prosecutions ensure that Electoral Registration Officers are able to 2008 183 implement the new system properly. 2009 67 2010 144 Electoral Registration: Young People

Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister what Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister what steps he is taking to improve the voter registration rates recent discussions he has had with (a) electoral registration among young people in or leaving care homes in (a) officers and (b) the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency Northern Ireland and (b) the rest of the UK. [75904] on steps to improve the level of electoral registration in (i) Northern Ireland and (ii) the rest of the UK. [75902] Mr Harper: As part of his objective to increase levels of registration in Northern Ireland, the chief electoral Mr Harper: The Government are currently running officer is trialling a number of initiatives to target data matching schemes with Electoral Registration Officers particular groups or individuals, and consideration is to test the usefulness of public authority data, including being given to devising and piloting a scheme to register DVLA driver records, for improving the completeness young people in or leaving care sometime in the future. and accuracy of the electoral register. The Cabinet The UK Government remain absolutely committed Office continues to work closely with DVLA and the to ensuring that the maximum number of people are on relevant local authority Electoral Registration Officers the electoral register and are considering a number of to ensure the success of the data matching schemes and ways to help improve registration in the context of the preparations for the introduction of Individual Electoral move to individual electoral registration. This includes Registration. trialling this year “data matching” of electoral registers The Chief Electoral Officer for Northern Ireland is in against other data sources, such as the National Pupil regular contact with Electoral Registration Officers and Database and the DWP database, to identify possible the DVLA to ensure the validity of the continuous eligible electors, as well as looking at the ways in which registration process in Northern Ireland. The Electoral we can make it as easy and secure as possible for citizens Office for Northern Ireland has previously collaborated to register to vote through ways such as online registration. with the DVLA by asking them to include an information Further research will also be conducted into those leaflet on the Electoral Register with their car tax groups that are currently under-registered, including reminders. young people, to inform our plans for implementation. As part of that research we will be learning from the Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister what experience of initiatives trialled in Northern Ireland. steps he is taking to increase the level of electoral registration on industrial estates and large factories in (a) Northern Ireland and (b) the rest of the UK. FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE [75918] Afghanistan: Peacekeeping Operations

Mr Harper: Registration is the responsibility of local Dr Julian Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for Electoral Registration Officers. As part of his general Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what his policy is objective to increase levels of registration in Northern on the security of Afghan interpreters who have worked Ireland, the Chief Electoral Officer is trialling a number with UK armed forces after the withdrawal of those of initiatives to target particular groups or individuals. forces in 2014; what policy was applied in respect of the The UK Government remain absolutely committed security of Iraqi interpreters following the withdrawal to ensuring that the maximum number of people are on of UK forces from Iraq; how many (a) Afghan and (b) the electoral register and is considering a number of Iraqi interpreters (i) have been and (ii) will be allowed to ways to help improve registration in the context of the relocate in the UK; and if he will make a statement. move to Individual Electoral Registration. This includes [75504] trialling ‘data matching’ of electoral registers against Alistair Burt: The Government take their responsibility other data sources, such as the National Pupil Database for all members of staff seriously and have put in place and the Department for Work and Pensions database, measures to reduce the risks they face. to identify possible eligible electors, as well as looking at the ways in which we can make it as easy and secure as The Foreign and Commonwealth Office follows a possible for citizens to register to vote, such as online cross-Government policy for considering cases of local registration. staff intimidation or injury in Afghanistan on a case by case basis. The policy ensures that we take into account the individual circumstances of each case and allows us Electoral Registration: Finance to decide a proportionate response. It covers all locally- employed staff, including interpreters. Chris Ruane: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister if he Where staff face a serious threat our response might will consider ring-fencing funding provided for include providing protected accommodation, giving safety electoral registration purposes. [75895] advice to staff and their families, granting extended leave or transferring staff to different jobs. In serious Mr Harper: Under current arrangements, it is the cases we may help staff relocate, either within Afghanistan, responsibility of local authorities to allocate resources to a third country, or, in exceptional cases, to the UK. from the revenue support grant provided by central We have relocated one member of staff (not an interpreter) Government. The Government are committed to funding from Afghanistan to the UK. 1103W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1104W

This policy is tailored to circumstances in Afghanistan. The Department co-ordinated a joint letter by 10 EU We keep this policy under review. Those who put their Ministers of Justice sent in August to their Belarusian lives on the line for the UK will not be abandoned. counterparts to protest about pressure on lawyers defending Statements made by the former Secretary of State for political prisoners. Foreign and Commonwealth At the Eastern Partnership Summit in Warsaw on Affairs, the right hon. Member for South Shields 29-30 September, we supported the strong EU statement (David Miliband), on 9 October 2007, Official Report, on Belarus. In the margins of the Summit, the Deputy columns 27-28WS, and 30 October 2007, Official Report, Prime Minister and I met Belarusian opposition figures columns 30-33WS, set out the policy of the Government and human rights defenders. towards their locally employed staff in Iraq. These Our embassy has remained active in Belarus too, schemes (known as “Gateway”or “Direct Entry”) allowed observing protest demonstrations as well as several both serving and former staff in Iraq to apply for an trials in relation to the violent aftermath of the 19 assistance package, one option of which allowed staff December presidential election, including those of several who qualified under the terms of the scheme to relocate ex-presidential candidates. It uses all appropriate to the UK. These schemes are now closed. A statement opportunities to raise human rights issues with Government from the former Secretary of State on 23 March 2009, officials. Official Report, columns 4-6WS, and a statement by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Capital Punishment Affairs, my right hon. Friend the Member for Richmond (Yorks) (Mr Hague), on 16 September 2010, Official Tom Blenkinsop: To ask the Secretary of State for Report, columns 57-58WS, gave further details. Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what steps he is Of those employees who chose the option of relocating taking to encourage (a) the United States and (b) to the UK, 293 (760 including dependants) have settled member states of the Commonwealth to abolish the in the UK to date. A further 78 people (407 including death penalty. [75200] dependants) have extant applications to relocate that are being considered. The Iraq scheme applied to all Mr Bellingham: It is the longstanding policy of the local staff including interpreters. UK to oppose the death penalty in all circumstances as a matter of principle. In the US retention of the death penalty is decided at Belarus: Human Rights state level and we are therefore working to achieve abolition on a state by state basis. We regularly raise Stephen Phillips: To ask the Secretary of State for individual cases of those facing the death penalty where Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what steps his minimum standards on the use of the death penalty Department is taking to encourage respect for human have not been met. In the majority of cases we do this in concert with the EU in order to have greater impact. rights in Belarus. [75058] We regularly raise the abolition of the death penalty with governments of Commonwealth member states at Mr Lidington: The UK continues to be at the forefront both official and ministerial level. We have also raised of efforts within the EU and the wider international the death penalty through the UN Universal Periodic community to maintain political pressure on the Belarusian Review process. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office authorities, and to urge them to adhere to their human is funding project work in Commonwealth countries in rights obligations. the Caribbean and Africa to restrict the use of the death We strongly support the EU position of not re-engaging penalty, and as a result of one project the mandatory fully with Belarus until the authorities commit to real death penalty for felony murder was ruled unconstitutional reform. We have been working with EU partners to in Trinidad and Tobago in June 2011. strengthen sanctions against the regime and its backers in an effort to promote positive developments. We believe Climate Change: Conferences these efforts have had some effect, as the regime has now released all but seven of over 40 political prisoners. Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for To sustain pressure, the EU Foreign Affairs Council Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs when he has discussed agreed, on 10 October, to renew sanctions until 31 October the UN Climate Change Conference in Durban with 2012, as well as adding 16 new names to the travel ban the (a) US, (b) German, (c) Chinese and (d) Indian and assets freeze list. Governments. [75441] We have continued to maintain pressure in other ways as well. I released statements on 6 August and Mr Bellingham: The Secretary of State for Foreign 28 September to call for all political prisoners to be and Commonwealth Affairs, my right hon. Friend the released and rehabilitated immediately, and to call on Member for Richmond (Yorks) (Mr Hague) has regular the Belarusian authorities to respect their international discussions with foreign governments on the challenge obligations concerning the treatment of prisoners. In a that climate change poses to our prosperity and security; statement at the UN Human Rights Council on the importance of taking robust global action to tackle 21 September, the UK called for Belarus to end politically it; and the need to make progress on this agenda in motivated harassment and intimidation, conduct a thorough Durban. He most recently discussed climate change and credible investigation into the allegations of degrading with foreign counterparts during the visit of his Chinese treatment against prisoners and establish a formal opposite number during the latter’s visit to London in moratorium on executions. September. 1105W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1106W

Departmental Procurement It is not in the interest of national security to make public details of particular improvements in relation to individual Departments as it may expose vulnerabilities Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign to those who may seek to exploit them. and Commonwealth Affairs how many contracts his Department has awarded directly to third sector organisations in each month since May 2010; what the Domestic Service value was of such contracts; and if he will make a statement. [75138] Justin Tomlinson: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what assessment Mr Lidington: We do not record the classification of he has made of changes to the rights of migrant our suppliers in terms of their voluntary or charitable domestic workers in circumstances where individuals status. flee a trafficker or abusive employer; and if he will make a statement. [75256] Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs how many contracts his Damian Green: I have been asked to reply. Department has awarded directly to (a) small, (b) The rights of overseas domestic workers in private medium-sized and (c) large businesses in each month households are discussed in proposals to end the domestic since May 2010; what the value was of such contracts; workers visa in the Government’s consultation document and if he will make a statement. [75139] “Employment-Related Settlement, Tier 5 and Overseas Domestic Workers”. Mr Lidington: For the financial year 2010-11, of the The consultation document set out a number of businesses that we are able to classify, £71 million was proposals for reform, which include making protections paid to small or micro enterprises, £24.7 million was more appropriate, should the route be retained. We are paid to medium sized enterprises and the balance of currently considering the responses that have been received. £173 million was paid to large enterprises. No information is available on the number of contracts. Economic Situation

Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs how many contracts his Mr Douglas Alexander: To ask the Secretary of State Department has advertised on the Contracts Finder for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what recent website in each month since May 2010; what the value assessment he has made of the economic benefits was of such contracts; what proportion were awarded which have accrued to the UK as a result of his to (a) third sector organisations and (b) small businesses; strategy to make his Department more commercially focussed since June 2010. [73304] and if he will make a statement. [75141] Mr Hague: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office Mr Lidington: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) has yet to make an assessment of the economic (FCO) has not yet advertised any contracts on Contracts benefits of its commercial diplomacy activities. It plans Finder. FCO procurement is largely devolved to a network to do so one year on from the launch of the FCO of over 260 posts overseas. We are continuing to examine Charter for Business in May next year. how the centralised procedure through Contracts Finder can interface with this devolved international structure. Eurobonds Departmental Security Stephen Phillips: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs whether the Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for implementation of any proposal by the European Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what steps his Commission to issue Eurobonds would require (a) a Department is taking to improve cyber-security in new treaty and (b) amendments to existing EU treaties. relation to his Department’s estate; and if he will make [75063] a statement. [75140] Mr Hoban: I have been asked to reply. Mr Lidington: The Government take cyber security very seriously and it has been categorised as a tier one Any legal implications would depend on the precise threat to UK national security. An additional £650 design of any proposals for the issuance of “Eurobonds”. million is being invested over the next four years in a There have, at present, been no formal proposals from National Cyber Security Programme, working across the European Commission. Departments, with the private sector, international partners and citizens to improve the UK’s cyber security capability. European Union Act 2011 The Foreign and Commonwealth Office routinely assesses the prevailing threats to its Information, Mr Jenkin: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign Communication Technology systems and applies and Commonwealth Affairs pursuant to his written appropriate and proportionate measures in accordance ministerial statement of 13 October 2011, Official with the government standards set out in the Cabinet Report, column 42WS, on European Union Act 2011, Office’s Security Policy Framework (SPF); these standards when he proposes to introduce the Bill required to give are aligned with industry best practice approaches. effect to this decision. [75696] 1107W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1108W

Mr Lidington: The target coming into force date applying to join the EU to abide by its laws. We will agreed at the time the Decision was adopted by the continue to work with other member states to ensure European Council was 1 January 2013. Mindful of that the effective protection and conservation of whales. target date, we will introduce the necessary legislation to give effect to this decision as soon as practicable. Indigenous Peoples: Treaties

Foreign Investment Mr Llwyd: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what discussions he has had on ratification by the UK of (a) the Indigenous Mr Raab: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Tribal Peoples Convention 1989 and (b) the and Commonwealth Affairs with which countries the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples; and Government has held negotiations on bilateral investment if he will make a statement. [75974] treaties since May 2010; and with which countries such negotiations are ongoing. [74536] Mr Jeremy Browne: The Government are fully committed to promoting and protecting human rights for all Mr Prisk [holding answer 17 October 2011]: Ihave individuals, including indigenous people, without been asked to reply. discrimination on any grounds. We continue to work The UK has not held negotiations on bilateral investment overseas and through the UN to improve the situation treaties with any countries since before May 2010. of indigenous people around the world. Competence for Foreign Direct Investment passed to ILO Convention 169 sets out a framework for how the European Union in 2009. governments should act with regard to indigenous and tribal people within their own territories. To date the GCHQ: Location UK has not ratified the convention as we do not consider that the UK or its overseas territories have any indigenous people to whom it would apply. We are also of the view Mr Weir: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign that the convention does not apply extra-territorially. and Commonwealth Affairs pursuant to the answer of For these reasons, we would not be able to give effect to 13 July 2011, Official Report, column 382W, on GCHQ: the convention. However, following discussions with location, if he will give a breakdown of the £308 million Survival International, a non-government organisation costs of technical transition. [74924] working to raise the profile of the situation facing many indigenous communities around the world, I have asked Mr Lidington: The £308 million technical transition officials to look again in detail at our position to funding covered those aspects involved in moving to the reassure ourselves that it is the right one. new building, which were not part of the Unitary Payment under the Private Finance Initiative contract. The money In September 2007 the UN General Assembly adopted was used to fund technical aspects of the move, such as the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. the consolidation and movement of technical systems, The declaration outlaws discrimination against indigenous the provision of new network infrastructure, a consolidated peoples and promotes their full and effective participation desktop and fit out of computer halls and labs. in all matters that concern them. It also ensures their right to remain distinct and to pursue their own priorities in economic, social and cultural development. The Iceland: Whales declaration is not legally binding and cannot therefore be ratified by Governments. The UK supported its Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for adoption in 2007 and welcomes the growing support for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (1) what the declaration, including from countries with significant representations he has made to the Government of indigenous populations. Iceland on the International Agreements on Whaling; Public Sector [75373] (2) what representations he has made to the Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Government of Iceland on its trade with Japan in Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what steps he is whale meat and whale fins. [75374] taking to put in place a right to provide for public sector workers to take over the running of services; and Richard Benyon: I have been asked to reply. if he will make a statement. [74780] The UK takes every appropriate opportunity to raise our opposition to Iceland’s commercial whaling and its Mr Lidington: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office international trade in whale meat, most recently at the supports this policy. It has not identified any opportunities annual meeting of the International Whaling Commission within its own operations, but will continue to discuss (IWC) in July. the subject with the Cabinet Office. The UK Government will continue to argue that Roads: Accidents trade in fin whale meat undermines the credibility of the IWC as an effective organisation for the conservation Mr Umunna: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign of whale populations worldwide. and Commonwealth Affairs how many repatriations We have also made clear that for Iceland to join the following injury of British citizens took place as a result EU, the UK believes it must accept that its whaling of road accidents in (a) 2007, (b) 2008, (c) 2009, (d) operations are incompatible with membership. All cetaceans 2010 and (e) 2011 to date, by country; and what the (whales, dolphins and porpoises) are fully protected in total cost to the public purse was of such repatriations European Union waters and we would expect any country in each such year by country. [75084] 1109W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1110W

Mr Bellingham: The Foreign and Commonwealth Mr Bellingham: I am appalled by the ongoing practice Office has an electronic database used to record our of child sacrifice, and other forms of ritual murder in individual consular case handling. However, the database Uganda and around the world, as highlighted by the does not capture the specific statistics requested. Jubilee Campaign. Thailand: Roads The Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the Department for International Development (DFID) will continue to monitor the effectiveness of the Government Mr Umunna: To ask the Secretary of State for of Uganda’s measures to combat this appalling practice. Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what discussions This includes, as well as the normal criminal investigation (a) Ministers and (b) officials of his Department have and prosecution processes, the establishment of a ministerial had with the Government of Thailand on road safety; task force, the setting up of child and family protection and what assessment his Department has made of road units in the police force, and by the end of this year the safety in that country. [75086] establishment of a national plan of action on child Mr Bellingham: Our ambassador to Thailand raised sacrifice. road safety with the new Thai Transport Minister ACM Furthermore, the DFID office in Uganda has supported Sukumpol on 28 September. Consular officials in Thailand child protection work in Uganda through UN Children’s regularly raise this issue in meetings with the relevant Fund, who focus on child sacrifice as part of their Thai authorities. Our travel advice broader work. We are also engaged with local non- http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel- governmental organisations who are working to raise advice-by-country/asia-oceania/thailand awareness of this problem and who are campaigning for highlights the risks of road travel in Thailand. tighter regulation of so-called “traditional healers” in the country. Tourism

Mr Umunna: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what information PRIME MINISTER his Department holds on the age profile of UK tourists visiting foreign countries by country visited in each of Climate Change: International Cooperation the last five years. [75233] Luciana Berger: To ask the Prime Minister when he Mr Bellingham: While the Foreign and Commonwealth has discussed the UN Climate Change Conference in Office does have a facility for British nationals to register Durban with his (a) US, (b) German, (c) Chinese and their overseas travel plans, registration is entirely voluntary. (d) Indian counterpart. [75442] We are therefore unable to provide the statistics and profile of travellers requested. The Prime Minister: I have regular discussions with my US, German, Chinese and Indian counterparts on a Tzipi Livni variety of subjects.

Dr Huppert: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign Departmental Meetings and Commonwealth Affairs on what date it was agreed that the recent visit of Tzipi Livni should be given Special Mission status; and on what grounds the Mr Thomas: To ask the Prime Minister how many decision was made. [75692] meetings he has had with representatives of (a) social enterprises, (b) charities, (c) large private sector businesses Alistair Burt: In relation to the visit to the UK by the and (d) small and medium-sized private sector businesses Leader of the Opposition of Israel, Mrs Livni, on since May 2010; and if he will make a statement. [75714] 5-6 October 2011, the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, my right hon. Friend, the The Prime Minister: I regularly meet representatives Member for Richmond (Yorks) (Mr Hague), agreed on of social enterprises, charities, large private sector businesses 27 September 2011 that she should visit the UK in order and small and medium-sized private sector businesses, to discuss matters of mutual interest in relations between including on visits around the country, and at receptions Israel and the UK. Detailed arrangements for the visit and meetings hosted at Number 10. For further information were then agreed between the Foreign and Commonwealth I refer the hon. Member to the Number 10 website, Office (FCO) and the embassy of Israel. which often gives further information about my visits, to the lists of meetings with external organisations In FCO practice, there are no prescribed formalities which is published at least quarterly, and the list of for consenting to a special mission, but such consent receptions hosted at Number 10. These are available on may be inferred from the circumstances of any given the Cabinet Office website: visit. The decision for special mission status for each visit is treated on its own merits. http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/resource-library/ministerial- gifts-hospitality-travel-and-meetings-external-organisations Uganda: Children G20 Mr Iain Wright: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what representations Laura Sandys: To ask the Prime Minister (1) if he he has made to the Ugandan Government on reports of will recommend plans to address the vulnerability of ritual child sacrifice in Uganda; and if he will make a the international food system in his forthcoming global statement. [75431] governance report to the G20; [75393] 1111W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1112W

(2) what the remit is of his global governance role Nadine Dorries: To ask the Secretary of State for within the G20; [75394] Energy and Climate Change What steps the (3) if he will publish minutes of the meeting he held Government are taking to minimise price increases for in September 2011 with trade experts to inform his energy consumers. [75606] report on global governance for the G20. [75395] Charles Hendry: I refer the hon. Members to the The Prime Minister: I will present a written report on answer I gave to my hon. Friend the Member for Bury global governance at this year’s G20 summit in November. North (Mr Nuttall) today. I have discussed the report with other leaders. Officials have arranged a number of seminars with academics, business associations and non-governmental organisations, Energy Market Competition including on trade. The issues raised at these events will be reflected in the final report. The report will emphasise Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy the importance of existing international institutions and Climate Change what plans he has to encourage working better together and more coherently in future, greater competition in the domestic energy market. including with the private sector, to tackle global challenges [75593] such as international food security. Charles Hendry: We are removing barriers to enable small suppliers to challenge the dominance of established ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE suppliers. This includes measures to cut red tape for small Off-grid Households energy suppliers and Ofgem’s Retail Market Review proposals to reduce tariff complexity and increase liquidity 12. Julian Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for in the wholesale electricity market. Energy and Climate Change what progress he is making on ensuring that off-grid households have access to affordable heating fuels in the winter of 2011-12. [75595] Emissions: SMEs Charles Hendry: The Office of Fair Trading published its study into the off-grid energy market on Tuesday 18 Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State October 2011, found that action is needed to protect for Energy and Climate Change what assistance his heating oil consumers in some areas. Department provides to small and medium-sized businesses Ahead of next winter, the Department has been to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. [75598] working with industry and consumer groups, in a national campaign, to encourage customers to order early and Charles Hendry: There are a number of government ensure they are well prepared for winter. We have also policies which support small and medium-sized enterprises reminded terminal operators to ensure that they have (SMEs). The Green Deal for example, will be available sufficient salt to maintain access to their depots in the to SMEs when it is launched next year. It will enable event of snow and ice over the coming winter. them to improve the energy efficiency of their properties, thereby reducing carbon emissions and energy costs. Domestic Energy Prices The Green Deal will also drive demand for energy efficiency products and services from which SMEs will 17. Albert Owen: To ask the Secretary of State for be able to benefit. Energy and Climate Change what recent discussions he has had with the six largest energy companies on recent trends in domestic energy prices; and if he will make a Clair Ridge Oil Project statement. [75601] Mr Iain Wright: To ask the Secretary of State for Charles Hendry: DECC Ministers and officials meet Energy and Climate Change with reference to the suppliers and others on a regular basis to discuss market Prime Minister’s announcement of 13 October 2011, issues. The Prime Minister and the Secretary of State on the Clair Ridge oil project, what steps he is taking to for Energy and Climate Change, my right hon. Friend ensure that apprenticeship opportunities for young the Member for Eastleigh (Chris Huhne), chaired a people form part of the contract. [75514] consumer summit on Monday 17 October 2011 to launch the ’check, switch, insulate to save’ campaign and a package of measures to help consumers this Charles Hendry: It would not be appropriate for the winter. We are working with consumer groups, energy UK Government to seek to insert specific clauses into suppliers and the regulator Ofgem to ensure consumers contracts. This work will give rise to significant opportunities know how to save money on their energy bills by to young workers and opportunities for businesses checking on their energy deal, switching their supplier if throughout the UK. appropriate and insulating their homes. BP continues to recruit and train numerous new recruits; this year more than 400 vacancies have been Energy Prices filled of which 75 were young graduates and apprentices. They are also strong supporters of the Industry Technician 19. Stephen Gilbert: To ask the Secretary of State for training scheme which takes on around 150 school Energy and Climate Change what steps he is taking to leavers every year as apprentice technicians and puts reduce prices for domestic energy consumers. [75604] them through a three-year training programme. 1113W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1114W

At its peak the total investments of BP and its Gregory Barker: The overall spending target for the partners in these developments will support some 3,000 Warm Home Discount Scheme is set out in Schedule 1 UK oil and gas supply chain jobs, and will help safeguard of the Warm Home Discount Regulations 2011 (2011/1033) employment for BP’s North sea work force of over and is £1.1 billion over the four years of the scheme 3,500 people. (2011-12 to 2014-15). This represents a significant increase in activity and funding on the 2008-10 voluntary agreement Mr Iain Wright: To ask the Secretary of State for between the six major energy supply companies and Energy and Climate Change with reference to the Government which was worth £375 million over three Prime Minister’s announcement of 13 October 2011, years. on the Clair Ridge oil project, what steps he plans to 2011-12 is the first year of the Warm Home Discount take to ensure that (a) firms and (b) workers from (i) Scheme. Government are working with the energy suppliers the UK, (ii) the north-east and (iii) other English to implement the scheme, and expects that around regions will be awarded work on the project. [75515] 2 million households will receive direct help this year. Over 600,000 of these will be pensioners in receipt of Charles Hendry: The Clair Ridge projects represents pension credit guarantee credit only, who will receive an some £4.5 billion of investment, of which 53% will automatic rebate on their electricity bill of £120 this come to the UK and will be divided among a spectrum winter. In addition, a ’Broader Group’ such as low of companies throughout the supply chain located in all income families and those with long term illnesses and parts of the country. disabilities may also receive this discount, with £3 million It should be noted the BP overall investment plan available for Broader Group expenditure in 2011-12. To which included the Devenick development had 72% ensure a smooth transition from the previous Voluntary UK content and Kinnoull with 92% spend in the UK. Agreement, £140 million has been allocated for Legacy In particular modules for these are being fabricated in Spending in 2011-12, for suppliers to continue to provide McNulty yard in South Shields, Methill, Invergordon discounted and social tariffs. and Wick in Scotland, i.e. a good spread throughout the The level of expenditure will increase with each scheme UK. year. The Broader Group expenditure will rise to £47 million BP have also highlighted that around 50 UK registered in 2012-13, as spending on legacy tariffs decreases, and companies have already won Clair Ridge contracts. £90 million in 2014-15. The numbers assisted automatically They have also announced on 17 October that AMEC, through the Core Group will also increase in future a UK based company, has been awarded a £150 million years as eligibility expands to include those on the contract for engineering on the Clair Ridge project. savings element of pension credit. Expenditure increases from £97 million in 2011-12 to £l90 million in 2014-15. Departmental Manpower Electricity suppliers may provide other rebates or assistance to their customers, but any such expenditure Jack Dromey: To ask the Secretary of State for cannot be counted as part of their funding for the Energy and Climate Change pursuant to the answer of Scheme. 14 September 2011, Official Report, column 1251W, on departmental manpower, what was discussed at Feed-in Tariffs the meeting between his Department’s officials and the practitioners’ advisory group; and if he will publish the James Wharton: To ask the Secretary of State for minutes of the meeting. [73444] Energy and Climate Change what his policy is on the Charles Hendry: The meeting was convened by the payment of a feed-in tariff for renewable energy practitioners’ advisory group and, as such, DECC did equipment supported by grant funding and contracted not take minutes of the meeting. for installation before but not installed by 1 October 2011. [76037] Departmental Meetings Gregory Barker: The Feed in Tariffs (Specified Maximum Capacity and Functions) Order 2011 provides that a Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy grant made before 1 July 2011 towards an installation and Climate Change how many meetings he has had first commissioned before 1 October 2011 could be with representatives of (a) social enterprises, (b) eligible for feed-in tariffs (FITs) and grant in combination charities, (c) large private sector businesses and (d) providing it meets the requirements under de minimis small and medium-sized private sector businesses since regulations. May 2010; and if he will make a statement. [75706] Therefore, in instances where grant funding is received Gregory Barker: Details of meetings between DECC and the installation is contracted but not commissioned Ministers and external organisations are published, quarterly before 1 October 2011, the installation would not be on the Department’s website. eligible for FITs.

Energy Supply: Prices Fuels

Mr Sanders: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Mr Donohoe: To ask the Secretary of State for and Climate Change what steps his Department is Energy and Climate Change whether he has had recent taking to encourage energy companies to extend their discussions with the Chancellor of the Exchequer in offer of the Warm Home Discount to a greater number respect of the effect of fuel duty on economic growth; of eligible customers. [75872] and if he will make a statement. [75657] 1115W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1116W

Charles Hendry: DECC Ministers and officials meet Liquefied Petroleum Gas regularly with their counterparts in HM Treasury and other Departments to discuss a range of issues. As has Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy been the case with successive administrations, it is not and Climate Change what steps his Department plans the Government’s practice to provide details of all such to take in respect of the Office of Fair Trading report meetings. into the liquefied petroleum gas industry. [75903] Government Procurement Card Charles Hendry: I refer to the written ministerial statement that I made on 18 October 2011, Official Charlie Elphicke: To ask the Secretary of State for Report, column 58-59WS. Energy and Climate Change what the (a) date of purchase, (b) amount, (c) supplier and (d) level 3 or enhanced It is for the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) to actively transaction entry was of each transaction undertaken investigate markets that do not appear to be meeting the by his Department using the Government Procurement needs of consumers and to publish the results. The Card from its creation to May 2010. [73487] Competition Act 1998 and the Enterprise Act 2002 gives powers to the OFT to apply and enforce competition Gregory Barker: The full answer to this question and consumer measures alongside the Competition could be provided only at disproportionate cost because Commission, Trading Standards Departments and others. of the large number of transactions that would need to In its market study of off-grid energy, the OFT has be reviewed before publication and changes to the format considered the initial impact of the Competition in which data for past periods is held. I am able to Commission’s Orders on the supply of domestic bulk provide details of transactions over £500 for the period LPG. It concludes that the Orders appear to be facilitating from December 2009 to May 2010. These are too extensive an increase in the amount of switching between LPG to include in this response and will be deposited in the suppliers and that they have been effective in stimulating Libraries of the House. entry and the expansion of smaller firms. However, it For the financial year 2011-12, the Government have has some concerns over consumer protection issues and decided to make public details of GPC transactions is engaging with suppliers to seek improvement in the over £500. Data for the first quarter covering April to clarity of contract terms and protection of consumers’ June 2011 is now available from the DECC website. cancellation and switching rights. Natural Gas Chris Kelly: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change how many Government Procurement Mr Lilley: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Card transactions were made by his Department’s officials and Climate Change what assessment he has made of withdrawing cash from automated teller machines from the prospects for shale gas in the UK; and if he will 2006-07 to 2009-10; at what cost; and on which dates. make a statement. [75585] [73725] Charles Hendry: A British Geological Survey study in Gregory Barker: The Department of Energy and 2010 estimated that if UK shales were similar to those Climate Change (DECC) was created in October 2008. in the USA they could yield some 150 billion cubic DECC’s records of procurement card transactions prior metres of gas, equivalent to roughly two years’ of UK to December 2009 were held on a mix of paper and demand. electronic files. It would incur disproportionate cost to search these records. DECC holds central records of all The BGS is currently undertaking more detailed work procurement card transactions for the period December which will also take into account the recent drilling 2009 to March 2011, and of all transactions over £500 results of Cuadrilla in Lancashire. for the period 1 April 2011 to 30 June 2011. We have However, little drilling has taken place and commercial identified one cash withdrawal using a procurement production of shale gas has not been proven, so it is not card in December 2009. This was to cover Copenhagen yet possible to make a reliable estimate of recoverable cash expenses and to top up ministerial petty cash. reserves. DECC staff holding procurement cards can only use Nuclear Installations them for the purposes agreed when their cards were issued. Any other usage is unacceptable and may result in cards being withdrawn. On this basis, cash withdrawals Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy are prohibited for the vast majority of cardholders and Climate Change with reference to the report by HM Chief Inspector of Nuclear Installations, September Green Deal Scheme 2011, on what date the most recent periodic safety reviews were conducted at each nuclear facility reviewed Caroline Nokes: To ask the Secretary of State for in the report; and if he will place in the Library a copy Energy and Climate Change what assessment he has of each review. [75023] made of the role of installers in encouraging the uptake of the Green Deal by households; and if he will make a Charles Hendry: Periodic Safety Reviews are published statement. [76207] on the ONR’s website at http://www.hse.gov.uk/nuclear/periodic-safety-review/ Gregory Barker: Approved installers will have a central index.htm role in driving demand for the Green Deal. Home The dates of the most recent Periodic Safety Reviews improvements can be a key “trigger point” for installation for each nuclear facility are set out in the following of additional efficiency measures. table: 1117W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1118W

Nuclear site Nuclear facility Date of PSR

Ascot, Imperial College Consort Reactor Ascot, Imperial College Consort Reactor 2001 Atomic Weapons Establishment Aldermaston 2010 Burghfield 2006 Berkeley Berkeley site 2009 Bradwell Bradwell 2002 Capenhurst URENCO 2008 Chapelcross Chapelcross 2009 Devonport Royal Dockyard, Plymouth Nuclear Utilities Building 2008 15 Dock 2009 Low level Refuelling facility 2011 Devonshire Dock Complex, Barrow Devonshire Dock Complex, Barrow 2004 Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor 2008 Fast Reactor Materials 2009 Test Reactor 2011 Dungeness Dungeness A 2006 Dungeness B 2008 GE Healthcare Cardiff and Amersham sites 2002 Hartlepool Hartlepool 2009 Harwell, Research sites restoration Ltd Harwell, Research sites restoration Ltd 2003 Heysham Heysham 1 2009 Heysham 2 2010 Hinkley Point Hinkley Point A 2005 Hinkley Point B 2007 Hunterston Hunterston A 2010 Hunterston B 2007 Lillyhall Metals recycling facility Due 2019 Low level waste (LLW) repository, Cumbria LLW repository, Cumbria 2006 Oldbury Oldbury 2008 Rolls Royce Marine Power Operations Ltd, Derby Manufacturing site 2002 Neptune Reactor 2006 Sellafield—Capenhurst Sellafield—Capenhurst 2007 Sellafield Site Ion Exchange Effluent Plant 2000 Fuel Handling Plant 2003 Magnox Reprocessing Plant 2003 Product Finishing and Storage 2003 Storage Pond 4 2003 Waste Vitrification Plant 2003 Enhanced Actinide Removal Plant 2004 Magnox Swarf Storage Silos 2004 THORP Receipt and Storage 2004 Pile Fuel Cladding Silo 2005 Waste Packaging and Encapsulation Plant 2005 Windscale Pile Reactor 2005 First Generation Magnox 2006 Calder Hall 2006 Waste Encapsulation Plant 2006 Encapsulation Product Store 2007 Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant 2007 Highly Active Liquor Evaporation and Storage 2010 Pile Fuel Storage Pond 2010 Produce Store 9 and Extension 2010 Sellafield MOX Plant Due 2015 Sizewell Sizewell A 2006 Sizewell B 2005 Transfyndd Transfyndd 2011 Winfrith PRS assessment not carried out by agreement with — ONR due to acceleration of de-commissioning Wylfa Wylfa 2004 1119W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1120W

Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy However, in the light of the lessons learned from the and Climate Change what evaluation work has been Fukushima incident, a programme to strengthen the undertaken within the generic design assessment process current arrangements is being developed by DECC which for prospective new nuclear reactors on (a) control of will deliver tangible improvements over several years. reactivity, (b) post-trip cooling, (c) containment, (d) severe accident management and (e) spent fuel storage. [75024] Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change what assessment he has made of Charles Hendry: The Generic Design Assessment the adequacy of the training provided to nuclear plant (GDA) is an independent review by the Office for operators in enabling them to handle multiple cause Nuclear Regulation (ONR) and the Environment Agency nuclear accidents. [75026] (the Regulators) to ensure that the proposed new nuclear reactor designs for the UK are safe, secure and protect Charles Hendry: Under the nuclear site licensing regime, the environment. The regulators publish quarterly progress licensed operators are legally required to have adequate reports that summarise the progress made to assess and arrangements in place to deal with a range of on-site evaluate a comprehensive range of technical areas, including accidents or emergencies. This includes the provision of control of reactivity, post trip cooling, containment, appropriate and adequate training for site personnel. severe accident management, and spent fuel storage. The Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR), which enforces The latest quarterly report was published on the ONR the licensing regime, has produced guidance to assist in website on 14 July 2011 and mentions, for the first time, ensuring the adequacy of levels of competence and the outstanding GDA issues, based on the completion training provision among site staff to respond to a of ONR’s planned assessment. All the issues must be nuclear emergency. cleared to both regulators’ satisfaction before ONR grants consent to start construction of reactor buildings Emergency preparedness at nuclear licensed sites is at a nuclear licensed site. regularly tested through a series of emergency exercises, The regulators’ assessment, described in the July which are assessed by ONR inspectors, with any lessons progress report, excludes any findings from the review learnt communicated to the site operators so that they conducted by Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Nuclear may be acted upon. The exercise scenarios frequently Installations into the nuclear incident that took place in involve two or more causal events arising from simulated March 2011 at Fukushima, Japan. This is because the multiple failures, thereby ensuring training in preparedness regulators’ assessment was completed before this incident. for this at nuclear sites. The consequences of the Fukushima incident will be In the light of the reports to the Secretary of State for addressed through a separate GDA issue, to which the Energy and Climate Change, my right hon. Friend the industry has yet to respond. It will also need clearing to Member for Eastleigh (Chris Huhne), by Her Majesty’s the regulators’ satisfaction as one of the suite of identified Chief Inspector of Nuclear Installations into the GDA issues. implications for the UK nuclear industry from the ONR’s quarterly reports are available on Fukushima incident in March, these arrangements are www.hse.gov.uk/newreactors/quarterly-updates.htm subject to review against the lessons learnt from the incident. The Chief Nuclear Inspector intends to report Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy publicly in a year on progress against all the and Climate Change what assessment he has made of recommendations he has made. the implications for public safety of the potential for coincident damage to both a nuclear facility and an off-site technical support centre arising from a significant Paul Flynn: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy nuclear accident involving release of radiation. [75025] and Climate Change what steps have been taken to enhance control room habitability at UK nuclear Charles Hendry: The probability of coincident damage installations during severe accident conditions following to both a nuclear facility and off-site technical support the Fukushima nuclear accident. [75028] centre is considered remote, given that there is considerable distance between the locations of the reactor sites and Charles Hendry: The final report of Her Majesty’s the support centres. However, the UK’s nuclear emergency Chief Nuclear Inspector to the Secretary of State for response arrangements, which consider the implications Energy and Climate Change, my right hon. Friend the for public safety, are kept under review by the Department Member for Eastleigh (Chris Huhne), on the implications of Energy and Climate Change, with support from the for the UK nuclear industry of the Fukushima nuclear Office for Nuclear Regulation and the multi agency incident in March 2011, includes a recommendation Nuclear Emergency Planning Liaison Group. that the industry should ensure that its physical structures The on site nuclear emergency response at civil nuclear and hardware for responding to a nuclear accident, reactor sites (operational and being decommissioned) is including plant control rooms, on-site emergency control supported by an off-site technical Central Emergency centres and off-site emergency centres are adequately Support Centre. This is many miles away from the protected should such an accident occur. This includes nearest sites it supports. In the very unlikely event of the need for enhancing control room habitability along coincident damage, the site operators can call upon with other measures. The Chief Nuclear Inspector expects technical expertise from other locations including their the industry to report progress to him on this, and other unaffected nuclear sites. recommendations, in June 2012 following which he The on-site nuclear emergency response at Sellafield intends to publish a further report setting out progress is also supported by an off-site technical centre and a on the 38 areas where he concluded lessons can be number of remote alternative facilities. learned in the UK from the Fukushima incident. 1121W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1122W

Renewable Energy number of renewables obligation certificates (ROCs) issued to onshore wind generation stations are given in Graham Stringer: To ask the Secretary of State for the following table: Energy and Climate Change with reference to the answer to the hon. Member for Chichester of 10 November Number of ROCs 2009, Official Report, column 219W,on renewable energy, 2007-08 4,816,343 if he will estimate the likely annual morbidity arising 2008-09 6,220,107 from the emissions from each Megawatt of installed 2009-10 7,250,909 biomass capacity. [73749] The RO is a market based subsidy and ROCs are Gregory Barker [holding answer 13 October 2011]: tradable commodities which have no fixed price. The The modelling of morbidity in relation to air emissions amount a supplier pays for a ROC is dependent on is the responsibility of the Department for Environment, bilateral negotiations between supplier and generator. Food and Rural Affairs. Ofgem publish details of the nominal value of a ROC each year. The nominal value represents the maximum Renewables Obligation worth of a ROC to a generator but is not necessarily the amount paid by a supplier. The nominal value of a Eric Ollerenshaw: To ask the Secretary of State for ROC for each of the last three years is given in the Energy and Climate Change when he plans to following table: announce his Department’s Renewable Obligation Banding Review consultation. [75602] Nominal ROC value (£) 2007-08 52.95 Chris Huhne: DECC has today launched a public 2008-09 54.37 consultation on the Renewables Obligation Banding 2009-10 52.36 Review. The consultation sets out the Government’s proposals for banded support for large-scale renewable The RO does not set funding targets for specific electricity generation under the Renewables Obligation technologies. The number of ROCs onshore wind for the period 2013-17. The consultation will last 12 generators will receive over the next three years will weeks and closes on 12 January 2012. Details of the depend on the number of MWh onshore wind stations consultation are available on DECC’s website at: generate which is dependent, among others, on station’s www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/consultations/ load factors (which vary across the country). Support cons_ro_review/cons_ro-review.aspx levels under the RO during the next banding period The Government will issue a formal response and lay (2013-17) are currently under review and proposals draft legislation before Parliament as soon as possible have been published for consultation on the DECC after the consultation ends. Subject to Parliamentary website at: and State Aids approval, the new bands will come into http://www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/consultations/ effect on l April 2013 as planned (1 April 2014 for cons_ro_review/cons_ro_review.aspx offshore wind). The Electricity-Market Reform (EMR) White Paper set out a new support scheme, Feed-in Tariffs with USA Contracts for Difference (FIT CfD), for all low carbon generation including renewable technologies. The Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for Government intend to legislate for the key elements of Energy and Climate Change when he plans to publish the EMR package, including the FIT CfD, through the details of gifts, hospitality and expenses received by primary legislation in the second session of this Parliament. the Minister for Climate Change during his visit to the We intend that this legislation will reach statute books US in March 2011. [75482] by spring 2013 so that the first low-carbon projects can be supported under its provisions in 2014. These dates Gregory Barker [holding answer 18 October 2011]: I are subject to parliamentary time being available and refer the hon. Member to the answer I gave her on the will of Parliament. Once the FIT CfD is in place 26 April 2011, Official Report, column 58W. I received new onshore wind generation (which is not eligible for no gifts above the recordable threshold, nor claimed the small scale feed-in tariff) will have a one-off choice any expenses. between receiving support either under the FIT CfD or under the RO for projects accredited before April 2017 Wind Power: Energy Supply Since 1 April 2010, feed-in tariffs (FITs) for small scale low carbon electricity generation have been available Stephen Barclay: To ask the Secretary of State for for onshore wind up to 5 MW. Details on expenditure Energy and Climate Change what funding his for the first financial year of the scheme will be available Department has provided for the development of later in the year. A comprehensive review of FITs is onshore wind energy schemes in each of the last three currently under way and will be published shortly for years; and what funding for such purposes it plans to consultation. provide in each of the next three years. [75574] EDUCATION Charles Hendry [holding answer 19 October 2011]: The renewables obligation (RO) is currently the Children: Human Trafficking Government’s main mechanism for incentivising the Mr Bone: To ask the Secretary of State for Education deployment of large scale renewable electricity deployment. what provision his Department has made for education In the last three years for which figures are available, the for child victims of human trafficking. [74572] 1123W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1124W

Tim Loughton [holding answer 17 October 2011]: The set-up of the Standards and Testing Agency cost Under section 11 of the Children Act 2004, local authorities £32,500 The Department has reduced the cost of the have a statutory duty to ensure that they safeguard and project by circa £100,000 by reusing furniture and fittings. promote the welfare of all children, regardless of their The cost of setting up the other agencies is not yet immigration status or nationality.Victims of child trafficking known. have the same entitlement to education as all other Essential repairs children of compulsory school age. Trafficked children are likely to require additional educational support to The Department also needs to undertake essential help them overcome any barriers to learning and assessment. repairs to the roof at its Darlington facility. The cost of Schools should consider the specific needs of all children this work is not yet known. who are newly arrived from overseas, taking account of Proposed work in 2012/13 their cultural, religious and linguistic backgrounds and The Department does not currently have plans to of their prior learning experiences. undertake building and/or refurbishment work in the Where a trafficked child becomes looked after, they next financial year. will be entitled to the same services as all looked after children. They will be allocated a qualified social worker Departmental Fines who will arrange for them to be placed in a care placement where they will be safeguarded. The social worker must assess the child’s needs and draw up a care Dr Whiteford: To ask the Secretary of State for plan which will include plans for accommodation, Education how many transport-related fines his educational support, and other services based on need Department and its predecessors have settled on behalf (eg health services, which could include specialist treatment of its staff in each year since 2007; and at what cost. because of past experiences or pre-existing medical [74341] conditions). Tim Loughton: The Department’s Travel and Subsistence Departmental Buildings policy clearly states that it is entirely the responsibility of employees to pay any transport related fines they Andrew George: To ask the Secretary of State for occur on official business. Education what estimate he has made of the monetary There is no evidence held centrally to indicate that value of the maintenance backlog on his Department’s the Department has settled any transport-related fines estate in each of the last five years; and what estimate on behalf of its staff since 2007. To provide absolute he has made of the time required to complete such confirmation of this could be obtained only at maintenance. [74261] disproportionate cost.

Tim Loughton: The Department for Education has Departmental Procurement both planned and reactive maintenance arrangements in place across its estate to ensure that the Department does not have a backlog of maintenance. Julian Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for Education what progress his Department has made in eliminating The DFE estate is maintained to ensure that it fulfils pre-qualification questionnaires for procurements with its leasehold, statutory and sustainable operations a value of under £100,000. [73839] obligations. DFE monitor supplier adherence to contractual obligations through active contract management and through Service Level Agreement and Key Performance Tim Loughton: Guidance on eliminating pre-qualification Indicator reporting. questionnaires for procurements with a value of under £100,000 has been issued to all procurement staff in my Dr Whiteford: To ask the Secretary of State for Department and our ALBs. From the available records Education what (a) building and (b) refurbishment on procurement exercises I can say that, since the Cabinet projects his Department plans in (i) 2011-12 and (ii) Office announcement in February 2011, no procurement 2012-13; and what the cost of each such project will be. under £100,000 has used a pre-qualification questionnaire. [74338] We do not, however, maintain a central record of all contracting activity and cannot, therefore, confirm that Tim Loughton: The information requested is as follows: PQQs have been eliminated for all contracts with a value below £100,000. Building work 2011/12 During the financial year 2011-12 the Department Stewart Hosie: To ask the Secretary of State for will undertake minor building fabric alterations within Education what contracts of a monetary value of (a) the existing DFE ‘family’ estate to support the set-up of between £100,000 and £500,000, (b) between £500,000 the Department’s executive agencies. This forms part and £1 million, (c) between £1 million and £5 million, of the Department’s arm’s length body reform programme, (d) between £5 million and £10 million, (e) between linking into the Department’s estates’ strategy. £10 million and £50 million, (f) between £50 million From an estates’ strategy perspective the key driver is and £100 million, (g) between £100 million and to successfully establish the agencies and to realise £500 million, (h) between £500 million and £1 billion, financial savings within the spending review period by (i) between £1 billion and £5 billion and (j) over reducing the number of properties occupied by the £5 billion his Department and its predecessors have DFE family and by maximising the efficiency of those entered into with private suppliers in each year since properties retained. 1990. [74210] 1125W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1126W

Tim Loughton: To obtain the information on what £ contracts the Department and its predecessors have entered into with private suppliers in each year since 7 November 2008 20.00 1990 and between the monetary values indicated, could 10 November 2008 20.00 be provided only at disproportionate cost. 18 November 2008 20.00 21 November 2008 34.87 Further Education: Transport 17 February 2009 3.00 17 February 2009 110.16 Dan Jarvis: To ask the Secretary of State for 23 March 2009 13.00 Education pursuant to the answer of 20 July 2011, 23 March 2009 110.16 Official Report, column 1022W, on further education: 12 May 2009 13.00 transport, what assessment his Department has made 21 May 2009 100.00 of the local authority transport statements for young 21 May 2009 918.21 people aged between 16 to 18 years for 2011-12. [74124] 15 June 2009 27.55 15 June 2009 17.50 Tim Loughton [holding answer 13 October 2011]: 15 June 2009 17.50 The Department is undertaking an exercise to establish 15 June 2009 17.50 whether all local authorities have published transport 15 June 2009 17.50 policy statements as required by section 509AA of the 15 June 2009 250.00 Education Act 1996. 15 June 2009 250.00 15 June 2009 250.00 Government Procurement Card 15 June 2009 250.00 Total 3,258.55 1 Cash handling fee Chris Kelly: To ask the Secretary of State for Education how many Government Procurement Card Students: Transport transactions were made by his Department’s officials withdrawing cash from automated teller machines from Pat Glass: To ask the Secretary of State for 2006-07 to 2009-10; at what cost; and on which dates. Education whether he expects to review the [73726] effectiveness of arrangements for home to school and college transport in 2011-12; and if so, when he expects Tim Loughton: Since November 2010, the Department’s to publish the outcomes of any such review. [74727] Government Procurement Card (GPC) scheme has been administered by the Department for Work and Pensions Tim Loughton: A working group drawn from local under the shared services umbrella. The previous scheme authority and diocesan experts on transport, education was a direct contractual arrangement between the and procurement has been identifying and collecting Department for Education, its predecessors, and good practice in the key areas of procurement, planning Barclaycard. This ran from 2002 to October 2010. and provision of home to school transport. I am expecting a draft report from that group shortly and will look to The Department is only able to release data from publish its findings after I have considered them. It is April 2008 to June 2009, as detailed as follows. Information for individual local authorities to review their current related to financial years 2006-07 and 2007-08 could be arrangements since they are best placed to make transport provided only at a cost above the disproportionate cost provisions based on local circumstances and issues ensuring threshold of £800. Cash withdrawal has been prevented best value for money. across all Department for Education Government Procurement Cards since June 2009. A full list of cash Youth Services: Redundancy withdrawal transactions from April 2008 to June 2009 is presented as follows: Lilian Greenwood: To ask the Secretary of State for Please note that some transactions were made by Education how many youth workers he expects to take officials during official visits abroad. redundancy in each local authority in 2011-12. [75425]

£ Tim Loughton [holding answer 18 October 2011]: The Department does not hold or collect information 15 April 2008 16.67 on the number of youth workers being made redundant 18 April 2008 200.00 by local authorities. It is the responsibility of local 21 April 2008 50.00 authorities to determine, in the light of their assessment 28 May 2008 161.93 of local needs and circumstances, how best to configure 4 June 2008 30.00 their services and the workforce required to deliver them. 12 June 2008 100.00 22 June 2008 40.00 30 June 2008 20.00 TREASURY 31 July 2008 50.00 28 August 2008 40.00 Business: Finance 26 September 2008 30.00 28 September 2008 20.00 Damian Hinds: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer 28 September 2008 40.00 what estimate he has made of the total amount of 29 September 2008 20.00 capital that has been made available to (a) individual 3 November 2008 20.00 or household focused community development finance 7 November 2008 20.00 institutions (CDFIs), (b) business-focused CDFIs, 1127W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1128W

(c) voluntary sector focused CDFIs, (d) hybrid CDFIs Pensioners: British Nationals Abroad and (e) any other category of CDFI or other institution through investments attracting Community Investment Valerie Vaz: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer Tax Relief. [75667] what recent discussions he has had with the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions on the financial Mr Prisk: I have been asked to reply. implications for his Department of a pensioner moving The Government do not hold information on the abroad. [75581] breakdown of community investment tax relief (CITR) accredited community development finance institutions’ Mr Hoban: The Government have no plans to change (CDFI) wider portfolios and therefore cannot provide the current indexation arrangements for uprating UK the information requested. state pensions paid overseas. The UK state pension is However, no investments can be raised under CITR payable worldwide but is uprated outside the UK only by CDFIs undertaking solely personal lending (investments when there is a legal requirement or a reciprocal agreement attracting CITR must be onward lent to businesses, to do so. including social enterprises). CDFIs have reported raising around £83 million under CITR since the scheme began. We believe that approximately £13 million of this has Public Expenditure been raised by CDFIs who lend to a wide range of businesses and £69 million by CDFIs specialising in lending to social enterprises. Vernon Coaker: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer what assessment he has made of the potential effects of The Government announced in Budget 2011 their the outcome of the comprehensive spending review on intention to continue the scheme and to this end that service delivery by HM Revenue and Customs. [75472] they would renotify CITR to the European Commission and consult in advance of renotification on how the scheme can be made more effective. Mr Gauke: HMRC has published a Business Plan 2011-15 and a Change Plan setting out the actions Child Benefit: Eligibility required to meet its spending review commitments, which include improving customer experience, maximising revenue flows and making efficiency savings. Vernon Coaker: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer The HMRC Change Programme will provide Treasury if he will reconsider the criteria for eligibility for child Ministers and senior officials with regular reports and benefit. [75473] assessments on progress and delivery. Mr Gauke: As set out in the Spending Review 2010, the Government will withdraw child benefit from Taxation: Scotland households with at least one higher rate taxpayer from January 2013. Further details of the changes to child benefit will be announced in due course. Stewart Hosie: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer if he will estimate the compliance costs for business as a Andrew Rosindell: Toask the Chancellor of the Exchequer result of changes to (a) income tax and (b) other what assessment he has made of the potential effects on taxation arrangements proposed in the Scotland Bill. families of planned changes to the eligibility for child [75317] benefit. [75477] Mr Gauke: For income tax, software providers have Mr Gauke: The Government have considered the already made changes to payroll software so that employers impact of the withdrawal of child benefit from January could operate the existing Scottish Variable Rate (SVR) 2013 from families containing at least one higher rate of income tax. This means that most existing payroll taxpayer. Around 1.5 million families will be affected by software already provides for a different rate to be this change. Affected families are within the top 20% of operated. Additional compliance costs may arise if the the income distribution of all families (including those Scottish Government seek processes that differ from the without children). SVR, for example introducing a higher degree of transparency in payslips and end of year forms (e.g. Food: Prices P60). Other areas that may incur additional compliance costs relate to the treatment of certain tax reliefs. HMRC are considering these issues with stakeholders Lindsay Roy: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer to inform the options for subsequent secondary legislation. whether he plans to raise the issue of food price Until these policies are determined, it is not possible to volatility at the forthcoming G20 summit in Cannes. make estimates around any related compliance costs. [74764] Any additional compliance costs for business from Mr Hoban [holding answer 17 October 2011]: The other taxation arrangements in the Bill will depend on Chancellor of the Exchequer, my right hon. Friend the the final design of these tax arrangements by the Scottish Member for Tatton (Mr Osborne), has been, and will Government. Therefore, it is not possible to make any continue to be, actively involved in discussions with estimates around compliance costs for the new taxes. international and European counterparts in respect of This information was included in the Impact Assessment price volatility in commodity markets. published alongside the Scotland Bill. 1129W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1130W

VAT: Imports Nick Herbert: Information on the provision of appropriate adults and lawyers in police interviews of Rosie Cooper: To ask the Chancellor of the suspects is not reported to the Home Office. Exchequer what discussions his Department has had Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for with the European Commission on abolishing low Justice pursuant to the answer of 15 September 2011, value consignment relief. [75825] Official Report, column 1338W, on civil disorder, what the (a) circumstances were and (b) location was of Mr Gauke: The Government have been in contact each offence under section 1 of the Public Order Act with the European Commission to discuss its options to 1986; whether each prosecution was successful; and restrict Low Value Consignment Relief. I am now what sentence was handed down where the offender considering options for further changes to LVCR and was found guilty. [74005] hope to make announcements shortly. Mr Blunt: Pursuant to the answer of 15 September Rosie Cooper: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer 2011, Official Report, column 1338W, the total number what representations his Department has received from of persons proceeded against, committed for trial and (a) the authorities of Jersey and Guernsey and (b) sentenced at magistrates court and found guilty, acquitted businesses based in the Channel Islands regarding low and sentenced at the Crown court for offences under value consignment relief in the last 12 months. [75877] section 1 of the Public Order Act 1986, by police force area from 2008 to 2010 (latest available) is provided in Mr Gauke: Treasury officials are in regular contact the table. Please note that only those police force areas with the authorities in Jersey and Guernsey on various where data have been reported are shown. tax issues, including low value consignment relief. My The number of cases proceeded against at the magistrates officials have had a minimal number of representations court in a particular year may not be completed in the from businesses based in the Islands in the last 12 same year. Defendants may have been committed for months. trial to the Crown court and then found guilty in the following year. It is also possible that defendants are found guilty of a different offence to that for which they were originally proceeded against. JUSTICE Information held centrally by the Ministry of Justice (MOJ) on the Court Proceedings Database does not Civil Disorder contain information about the circumstances behind each case beyond the description provided in the statute Paul Maynard: To ask the Secretary of State for under which proceedings are brought. The circumstance Justice how many and what proportion of under-18 and location of each offence is not recorded on the year olds arrested for public disorder offences were Court Proceedings Database. interviewed by police without either a lawyer or an Court proceedings data for 2011 are planned for appropriate adult present. [73816] publication in the spring, 2012.

Persons proceeded against at magistrates courts and found guilty, by result or committed for trial at the Crown court, by result, for rioting under section 1 of the Public Order Act 1986, by Police Force Area1, 2008-102,3,4 20085 2009 2010

Magistrates courts

Greater Manchester Proceeded against 1 — — Found guilty 1—— Community sentence 1 — —

Merseyside Proceeded against — 1 — Committed for trial at the Crown Court — 1 —

Metropolitan Police Proceeded against 1 13 — Found guilty 1—— Committed for trial at the Crown Court — 13 — Community sentence 1 — —

West Midlands Proceeded against 13 — — Committed for trial at the Crown Court 13 — — 1131W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1132W

Persons proceeded against at magistrates courts and found guilty, by result or committed for trial at the Crown court, by result, for rioting under section 1 of the Public Order Act 1986, by Police Force Area1, 2008-102,3,4 20085 2009 2010

Crown Courts

Metropolitan Police Acquitted —— 1

West Midlands Found guilty 39— Acquitted —3— Immediate custody 3 9 — 1 Only those police forces in England and Wales are shown where data have been reported. 2 Every effort is made to ensure that the figures presented are accurate and complete. However, it is important to note that these data have been extracted from large administrative data systems generated by the courts and police forces. As a consequence, care should be taken to ensure data collection processes and their inevitable limitations are taken into account when those data are used. 3 The figures given in the table on court proceedings relate to persons for whom these offences were the principal offences for which they were dealt with. When a defendant has been found guilty of two or more offences it is the offence for which the heaviest penalty is imposed. Where the same disposal is imposed for two or more offences, the offence selected is the offence for which the statutory maximum penalty is the most severe. 4 The number of defendants proceeded against in a particular year may exceed the number found guilty as the proceedings in the magistrates court took place in an earlier year and the defendants were found guilty at the Crown Court in the following year; or the defendants were found guilty of a different offence to that for which they were originally proceeded against. 5 Excludes data for Cardiff magistrates court for April, July and August 2008. Source: Justice Statistics Analytical Services—Ministry of Justice

Ms Harman: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Enforcement of financial penalties (1) how many people have appeared before Camberwell Region Green magistrates court charged with an offence £ related to the public disorder of August 2011; [75688] Outstanding Financial year Imposed balance (2) what charges related to the public disorder of August 2011 were brought in cases heard at London 2007-08 63,881,319 117,318,452 Camberwell Green magistrates court; [75689] 2008-09 72,107,785 126,959,900 (3) what the age was of the (a) youngest and (b) 2009-10 81,628,882 142,475,774 oldest person who appeared before Camberwell Green 2010-11 87,207,760 161,920,074 magistrates court charged with an offence related to the public disorder of August 2011; [75690] Midlands 2007-08 71,120,336 92,523,423 (4) what proportion of people who appeared before 2008-09 70,501,415 95,995,178 Camberwell Green magistrates court charged with an 2009-10 68,543,984 101,524,907 offence related to the public disorder of August 2011 2010-11 66,488,810 95,822,708 were under 25 years. [75691] North East 2007-08 50,078,508 52,969,638 Mr Blunt: The available information required to answer 2008-09 52,833,097 59,901,794 this question is currently being collated. I will write to 2009-10 54,280,765 64,063,145 the hon. Member as soon as it is available. A copy of 2010-11 48,726,159 61,770,165 this response will be placed in the House Library. North West 2007-08 51,120,079 78,630,999 2008-09 55,569,454 86,762,529 2009-10 53,718,101 90,098,475 Courts: Fines 2010-11 57,222,645 96,526,239

South East 2007-08 76,644,394 94,764,649 Mr Llwyd: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice 2008-09 80,150,018 104,151,377 how much was imposed in fines in each (a) region of 2009-10 84,110,365 111,483,442 HM Courts and Tribunals Service and (b) local criminal justice board area in each of the last four 2010-11 90,033,862 113,195,267 years; and how much is outstanding in fines from each year in each such area. [75971] South West 2007-08 40,157,335 38,869,240 2008-09 40,258,242 44,079,253 2009-10 41,324,159 49,821,783 Mr Djanogly: Information on how much was imposed and the amount outstanding in fines in each region of 2010-11 40,298,229 51,787,750 HM Courts and Tribunal Service and Local Criminal Justice Board area in the last four financial years is set Wales 2007-08 23,567,911 25,554,167 out in the following tables: 2008-09 21,701,627 27,040,593 1133W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1134W

Enforcement of financial penalties Enforcement of financial penalties Region LCJB area £ £ Outstanding Outstanding Financial year Imposed balance Financial year Imposed balance

2009-10 23,054,337 29,007,777 2008-09 3,542,418 3,379,032 2010-11 23,149,430 28,537,092 2009-10 3,192,452 3,595,330 Notes: 2010-11 3,034,343 3,616,796 1. Imposed: The total amount imposed plus net transfers. 2. Amount outstanding: The total debt owing and includes fines Dyfed Powys 2007-08 3,055,546 3,324,554 which are being collected by instalments and outstanding monies from previous months/years. 2008-09 3,538,439 3,955,288 Enforcement of financial penalties 2009-10 3,270,439 4,325,342 LCJB area 2010-11 3,188,132 4,301,985 £ Outstanding Essex 2007-08 11,017,192 10,068,331 Financial year Imposed balance 2008-09 11,525,831 12,635,361 Avon and 2007-08 10,746,004 9,379,982 2009-10 12,156,939 12,852,199 Somerset 2010-11 11,154,006 12,296,641 2008-09 10,046,264 11,184,221 2009-10 9,586,385 11,885,521 Gloucestershire 2007-08 2,772,484 3,609,646 2010-11 9,353,827 11,001,000 2008-09 2,517,262 3,595,701 2009-10 2,904,006 3,651,902 Bedfordshire 2007-08 3,716,219 2,929,160 2010-11 2,628,523 3,463,203 2008-09 4,041,563 3,488,383 2009-10 4,512,392 3,818,893 Greater 2007-08 18,632,285 27,384,881 2010-11 3,881,369 3,700,364 Manchester 2008-09 19,635,012 30,659,064 Cambridgeshire 2007-08 5,257,762 5,471,185 2009-10 19,267,431 33,159,738 2008-09 4,563,054 4,582,639 2010-11 22,558,446 39,631,334 2009-10 4,968,180 4,807,179 2010-11 4,977,240 5,180,891 Gwent 2007-08 4,523,699 5,857,625 2008-09 3,985,405 5,903,094 Cheshire 2007-08 7,933,967 11,207,571 2009-10 4,528,698 5,617,483 2008-09 7,334,673 11,809,900 2010-11 4,451,015 5,699,048 2009-10 7,502,097 11,485,719 2010-11 7,306,954 10,588,179 Hampshire and 2007-08 8,564,753 10,933,502 Isle of Wight 2008-09 9,951,872 12,127,133 Cleveland 2007-08 3,780,148 5,886,347 2009-10 11,191,949 15,118,051 2008-09 3,615,467 5,606,269 2010-11 10,973,867 16,426,330 2009-10 3,868,689 5,174,134 2010-11 3,656,406 4,821,668 Hertfordshire 2007-08 8,364,744 10,624,124 2008-09 8,285,229 11,976,897 Cumbria 2007-08 3,877,892 3,225,093 2009-10 9,382,421 13,565,178 2008-09 4,100,879 3,368,566 2010-11 18,335,973 14,126,149 2009-10 3,817,499 3,384,180 2010-11 3,584,281 3,342,007 Humberside 2007-08 6,201,707 9,561,189 2008-09 6,910,237 10,257,748 Derbyshire 2007-08 6,128,228 7,487,182 2009-10 6,756,725 10,076,884 2008-09 5,840,197 7,910,599 2010-11 6,160,678 9,913,804 2009-10 4,844,153 7,394,599 2010-11 5,463,233 6,733,251 Kent 2007-08 11,484,589 17,645,077 2008-09 12,546,283 19,402,260 Devon and 2007-08 9,956,166 6,356,276 Cornwall 2009-10 11,461,258 20,522,744 2008-09 7,759,109 6,407,447 2010-11 11,688,667 21,333,868 2009-10 7,770,868 7,118,202 2010-11 8,475,666 7,844,225 Lancashire 2007-08 10,906,582 12,236,463 2008-09 12,392,009 13,870,361 Dorset 2007-08 3,759,611 4,878,557 2009-10 11,104,491 13,111,327 2008-09 4,627,389 5,679,185 2010-11 11,555,388 12,476,223 2009-10 4,888,527 6,306,732 2010-11 4,330,937 6,782,800 Leicestershire 2007-08 5,691,250 5,475,952 Durham 2007-08 3,217,879 2,748,457 2008-09 5,877,021 4,807,071 1135W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1136W

Enforcement of financial penalties Enforcement of financial penalties LCJB area LCJB area £ £ Outstanding Outstanding Financial year Imposed balance Financial year Imposed balance

2009-10 6,030,574 5,881,157 2010-11 7,953,779 9,244,102 2010-11 5,959,233 5,513,727

Staffordshire 2007-08 8,766,857 11,728,465 Lincolnshire 2007-08 4,191,695 5,754,706 2008-09 8,698,559 11,509,685 2008-09 5,096,991 6,309,425 2009-10 8,136,476 11,214,527 2009-10 4,823,958 5,957,325 2010-11 7,510,783 11,043,758 2010-11 4,201,748 4,955,945

Suffolk 2007-08 4,227,603 2,648,849 London 2007-08 63,881,319 117,318,452 2008-09 6,053,635 4,224,885 2008-09 72,107,785 126,959,900 2009-10 5,555,237 4,728,312 2009-10 81,628,882 142,475,774 2010-11 4,414,587 4,846,578 2010-11 87,207,760 161,920,074

Merseyside 2007-08 9,769,352 24,576,991 Surrey 2007-08 6,366,071 5,273,909 2008-09 12,106,880 27,054,637 2008-09 6,137,960 5,696,496 2009-10 12,026,583 28,957,511 2009-10 6,189,029 6,125,559 2010-11 12,217,575 30,488,496 2010-11 6,079,000 6,640,419

Norfolk 2007-08 4,791,859 4,911,783 Sussex 2007-08 8,562,023 12,726,870 2008-09 5,078,267 5,258,805 2008-09 8,098,108 13,939,448 2009-10 4,568,442 5,165,121 2009-10 10,433,954 15,390,751 2010-11 4,528,716 5,269,765 2010-11 10,068,614 15,761,108

North Wales 2007-08 4,483,844 6,367,896 Thames Valley 2007-08 12,856,332 22,465,362 2008-09 4,813,034 7,303,005 2008-09 13,820,088 22,946,204 2009-10 5,900,141 8,598,513 2009-10 14,882,513 24,507,506 2010-11 5,488,372 7,764,756 2010-11 14,905,690 24,039,486

North 2007-08 4,323,495 3,214,673 Warwickshire 2007-08 2,875,249 3,221,730 Yorkshire 2008-09 2,786,476 3,006,384 2008-09 4,371,260 3,797,705 2009-10 4,219,649 4,117,398 2009-10 3,330,822 3,279,018 2010-11 3,219,324 3,805,409 2010-11 4,348,581 3,200,486

Northamptonshire 2007-08 4,430,561 5,113,088 West Mercia 2007-08 8,099,918 9,313,961 2008-09 4,330,940 5,544,837 2008-09 9,447,891 10,709,950 2009-10 4,721,076 5,576,232 2009-10 8,422,160 12,060,610 2010-11 4,607,666 5,492,262 2010-11 7,188,415 11,058,154

Northumbria 2007-08 9,720,095 11,460,962 West Midlands 2007-08 24,097,581 39,926,402 2008-09 10,463,694 13,835,201 2008-09 21,768,797 41,341,778 2009-10 10,568,454 14,761,027 2009-10 21,852,536 44,621,598 2010-11 9,070,628 14,511,908 2010-11 19,319,817 41,892,706

Nottinghamshire 2007-08 6,838,997 4,501,937 West Yorkshire 2007-08 15,428,776 12,890,971 2008-09 6,654,544 4,855,449 2008-09 14,881,498 14,852,420 2009-10 6,382,228 5,539,840 2009-10 16,635,550 17,067,374 2010-11 7,889,334 5,932,418 2010-11 15,631,000 15,856,479

South Wales 2007-08 11,504,822 10,004,092 Wiltshire 2007-08 4,358,317 3,711,278 2008-09 9,364,748 9,879,206 2008-09 5,356,348 5,085,565 2009-10 9,355,059 10,466,440 2009-10 4,982,425 5,741,376 2010-11 10,021,911 10,771,303 2010-11 4,535,409 6,270,190

South 2007-08 7,406,408 7,207,038 Notes: Yorkshire 1. Imposed: The total amount imposed plus net transfers. 2. Amount outstanding: The total debt owing and includes fines 2008-09 9,048,523 8,173,418 which are being collected by instalments and outstanding monies 2009-10 9,039,246 9,270,998 from previous months/years. 1137W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1138W

Courts: Maintenance quarter (January to March 2011) and second quarter (April to June 2011) of 2011 can be found in the Mr Llwyd: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice following tables 1 and table 2 respectively. what recent estimate he has made of the cost of Information about the total number of witnesses backlog maintenance of each court building in Wales. failing to attend a trial in the magistrates courts and [75972] Crown court is not held centrally, as it is not recorded by court staff electronically as part of their routine Mr Djanogly: Draft backlog maintenance figures for daily administrative duties. the HM Courts and Tribunals Service estate for 2011 However, information on the number criminal trials have been received from each region but have not yet which were either ‘ineffective’ (does not commence on been finalised. I will write to the right hon. Member due date and is re-listed) or ‘cracked’ (did not commence when these become available. on the due date and was not listed) due to non-attendance Courts: Witnesses witnesses as the primary reason are centrally collected. Data on the number of ineffective or cracked trials in the Crown court due to the absence of a witness in Mr Llwyd: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Wales can also be found in table 1 and similar data for how many cases were heard in each court in Wales the magistrates court in Wales by LJA can be found in between (a) January and March, (b) April and June table 2 for the same time periods. and (c) July and September 2011; and on how many occasions in each court a witness failed to attend in Completed proceedings and data on cracked and each such period. [75973] ineffective trials in the magistrates courts are collected at LJA and as a result we are unable to separately Mr Djanogly: Data on the number of cases completed identify cases completed at different magistrates courts. in the Crown courts of Wales and on the number of Data for the third quarter (July to September) is completed criminal proceedings in the magistrates courts currently unavailable and will be published in January in Wales by Local Justice Area (LJA) for the first 2012.

Table 1. Number of cases disposed of and ineffective and cracked trials in the Crown courts of Wales, Q1 to Q2 2011 Number of case disposals Ineffective or cracked trials due to non- attendance or withdrawal of witness as primary reason Court Q1 2011 Q2 2011 Q1 2011 Q2 2011

Cardiff Crown court 957 943 10 13 Merthyr Tydfil combined court centre 310 268 2 4 Mold Crown court + Welshpool Crown court 168 251 0 2 Swansea Crown court 345 290 2 2 Caernarfon Crown court 116 189 1 0 Carmarthen Crown court 132 90 0 1 Haverfordwest Crown court 54 38 1 0 Total 2,082 2,069 16 22 Notes: 1. Disposals are total cases dealt with. 2. Reasons for ineffective or cracked trials are based on the primary reason stated, witness is absent or the “Prosecution end case: witness absent/withdrawn”, these cases represent those trials that did not go ahead due to no witness being present. Source: HM Courts and Tribunals Service CREST system Table 2. Number of completed proceedings of and ineffective and cracked trials in the magistrates courts for the local justice areas (LJAs) in Wales, Q1 to Q2 2011 Ineffective trials due to lack of witness as Local justice area (LJA) Number of completed criminal proceedings primary reason Q1 2011 Q2 2011 Q1 2011 Q2 2011

Wrexham Maelor 245 1090 13 10 Flintshire 2,204 904 14 5 Denbighshire 780 836 6 9 Conwy 812 707 4 13 Llanelli 875 961 2 3 Ceredigion 339 289 2 1 Carmarthen 687 414 0 0 Dinefwr 353 408 0 0 Gwent 5,290 5134 46 33 Anglesey (Ynys Mòn) 489 377 5 5 Gwynedd 960 718 5 3 Cynon Valley 356 336 4 1 Merthyr Tydfil 953 755 10 5 Miskin 1,828 1352 21 17 Newcastle and Ogmore 1,156 1216 7 14 1139W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1140W

Table 2. Number of completed proceedings of and ineffective and cracked trials in the magistrates courts for the local justice areas (LJAs) in Wales, Q1 to Q2 2011 Ineffective trials due to lack of witness as Local justice area (LJA) Number of completed criminal proceedings primary reason Q1 2011 Q2 2011 Q1 2011 Q2 2011

Cardiff 5,115 4801 57 42 Vale of Glamorgan 925 795 10 5 De Brycheiniog 296 254 2 2 Radnorshire and North Brecknock 71 72 0 0 Montgomeryshire 362 310 2 2 Pembrokeshire 595 639 6 0 Neath and Port Talbot 1,610 1314 11 5 Swansea 2,104 1765 5 7 Total 28,405 25,447 232 182 Note: Reasons (or ineffective or cracked trials are based on the primary reason stated, witness is absent or the “Prosecution end case: witness absent/withdrawn”, these cases represent those trials that did not go ahead due to no witness being present. Source: HM Courts and Tribunals Service CREST system Trials, HM Courts and Tribunals Service Performance Database (OPT)

Debt Collection and http://www.ico.gov.uk/for_organisations/guidance_index Austin Mitchell: To ask the Secretary of State for respectively. It is open to requesters to complain to the Justice how much revenue his Department received Information Commissioner’s Office if they consider from (a) summons for debt, (b) liability orders and that the public interest has been inappropriately applied (c) applications by councils for debt summonses in the in relation to a particular request. last year for which figures are available; and if he will estimate the level of profit over costs arising from each Hillsborough Stadium activity. [75369] Steve Rotheram: To ask the Secretary of State for Mr Djanogly: The revenue collected (net income) in Justice what discussions he has had with the Prime the financial year 2010-11 for (a) summons for debt (in Minister since his appointment on the unredacted the civil county and High Court) was £253.0 million; release of the Hillsborough Cabinet minutes. [74296] and (b) liability orders (council and Child Support Agency) was £11.1 million of which £9.8 million relates Mr Djanogly: I refer the hon. Member to the answer to council tax liability orders. given by the Secretary of State for the Home Department, It is not possible to provide the revenue for debt my right hon. Friend the Member for Maidenhead summonses that related to applications issued by councils. (Mrs May), on 13 October 2011, Official Report, column This data is not currently captured separately on the 506W. case management system in the HMCTS county and The Prime Minister and I agree on the need to High Courts. The revenue collected from councils issuing provide full transparency about the Hillsborough disaster council tax liability orders (in the magistrates courts) is through full public disclosure. All the Cabinet Office provided above under point (b). papers have been shared with the Hillsborough Independent The HMCTS published accounts for 2010-11 identified Panel and the Government are happy for all the papers that: to be released as soon the panel so decides, in consultation with the families. The Prime Minister and I expect them (a) civil business achieved 99% full cost recovery with a £3.6 million shortfall of which £1.8 million (50%) related to debt to be shared with the Hillsborough families first and summonses; and then to the wider public. (b) magistrates civil business achieved 94% full cost recovery Office of the Chief Coroner with a shortfall of £1.2 million. Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Freedom of Information pursuant to the oral answer to the hon. Members for Luton South and for Middlesbrough South and East Gregg McClymont: To ask the Secretary of State for Cleveland of 13 September 2011, Official Report, column Justice what steps the Government is taking to ensure 878, on Office of the Chief Coroner, which of the that the public interest test is applied appropriately to provisions in the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 the the handling of requests for information under the Government does not propose to bring into effect. Freedom of Information Act 2000. [75857] [75725]

Mr Djanogly: Both the Ministry of Justice and the Mr Djanogly: The Government are committed to Information Commissioner’s Office provide guidance urgent reform of the coroner system and therefore to public authorities on applying the public interest test intend to implement the vast majority of part 1 of the under the Freedom of Information Act. That guidance Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (the ‘2009 Act’) as soon can be found at: as practicably possible once the Chief Coroner’s functions www.justice.gov.uk/guidance have been transferred via the Public Bodies Bill. 1141W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1142W

The Government have announced previously that NORTHERN IRELAND sections 17, 36, 38, 39, 40 and 51 will not be implemented. However, where possible we will seek to achieve the Government Procurement Card objectives of some of these provisions by other means. For example, instead of implementing section 17 we will continue to publish quarterly statistics for inquests Chris Kelly: To ask the Secretary of State for Northern into the death of service personnel overseas and will Ireland how many Government Procurement Card implement training provisions under section 37 of the transactions were made by his Department’s officials 2009 Act. withdrawing cash from automated teller machines from 2006-07 to 2009-10; at what cost; and on which dates. The Government are continuing to consider the feasibility [73719] of a single Coroner for Treasure and to assess the extent to which measures on treasure in the 2009 Act may be Mr Paterson: Comparable figures for the Department implemented within budgetary constraints. as it is now configured are not available before 12 April 2010 following the completion of devolution of policing Prisons: Education and justice functions. Chris Evans: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice what his most recent assessment is of education provision in prisons. [75557] BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS

Mr Blunt: The MOJ and BIS commenced a review of Enterprise Zones offender learning in England in the summer of 2010. Alun Cairns: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, The outcome of the review was published in May 2011 Innovation and Skills how many times (a) he and (b) under the title “Making Prisons Work: Skills for his officials have met the Minister for Business, Enterprise, Rehabilitation” which is available via: Technology and Science in the Welsh Government to http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/further-education-skills/ discuss enterprise zones since his appointment. [73960] docs/m/11-828-making-prisons-work-skills-for-rehabilitation Copies have been placed in the House of Commons Mr Prisk: HM Government set out in advance of the Library. budget their commitment to working with the devolved In Wales responsibility for education in prisons was Administrations in establishing enterprise zones if they devolved to the Welsh Government in April 2009. In so wish. The Government have made funding available 2010-11 the National Offender Management Service in the budget to support enterprise zones in the devolved commissioned an in-house needs assessment and gap Administrations through the Barnett formula. analysis of the learning and skills provision in public While there have been no direct meetings between the prisons in Wales. This was to ensure delivery and resources Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, meet the learning requirements of the population to my right hon. Friend the Member for Twickenham improve their employability outcomes. (Vince Cable) and the Minister for Business, Enterprise, Technology and Science in the Welsh Government to Reoffenders discuss enterprise zones, officials from the Department of Business, Innovation and Skills, Department of Chris Evans: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Communities and Local Government and HM Treasury how many people released from prison after serving a have provided advice and support about establishing 12-month sentence or less were convicted of an offence enterprise zones in Wales to officials from the Welsh within 12 months of their release in the last two years Government’s Department for Business, Enterprise, for which figures are available. [75554] Technology and Science. BIS officials have passed to their Welsh Government Mr Blunt: The following table shows the number of colleagues information on the criteria for agreeing an people released from prison after serving a sentence of enterprise zone and the procedures involved in setting less than 12 months who were convicted of an offence up an enterprise zone. BIS officials routinely engage within 12 months of their release. The numbers and with their colleagues in the devolved Administrations re-conviction rates are based on releases in the first regarding economic development policy. The discussion quarter of 2008 and of 2009. of enterprise zones at the Four Nations Forum in June A re-conviction is defined as any offence committed 2011 provides a recent example of this collaboration. in the one-year follow up period proven by a court conviction in that period or a further six month waiting Advertising Protection Agency period. Graeme Morrice: To ask the Secretary of State for Number of Number Re-conviction Business, Innovation and Skills whether his Department offenders re-convicted rate (percentage) has held recent discussions with the Advertising Protection 2008 Q1 10,251 6,262 61.1 Agency; and what was discussed. [74150] 2009 Q1 9,924 5,892 59.4 Mr Vaizey: I have been asked to reply. These re-conviction rates can be found in Table A5 of In answering this question, the reference to the ‘Adult re-convictions: results from the 2009 cohort’ on Advertising Protection Agency has been taken to mean the Ministry of Justice website: ‘The Advertising Protection Agency’ (TAPA) and not http://www.justice.gov.uk/publications/ the ‘Advertising Standards Agency’ (ASA). reoffendingofadults.htm As such, no recent discussions have been held. 1143W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1144W

Apprentices of its invoices within five days. We have also worked with the Institute of Credit Management to develop a series of Managing Cash Flow guides available at: Stephen Lloyd: To ask the Secretary of State for http://www.creditmanagement.org.uk/bisguides.htm Business, Innovation and Skills what measures he has introduced to encourage large employers to recruit with nearly 250,000 downloads since December 2008. The Prompt apprentices in 2011; how many apprentices have been Payment Code: recruited to such companies; and which companies http://www.promptpaymentcode.org.uk/ have taken on apprentices as a result of such measures. seeks to identify payment exemplars across both the public and [75447] private sectors and signatories to the code are required to pay within agreed terms and to communicate effectively with suppliers. Mr Hayes: On 6 September 2011 I announced a In addition, with respect to the terms of liquidation package of new measures to make it easier for large for SMEs, the Government will launch a consultation employers who directly contract with the Skills Funding on increasing the petition debt levels for creditors. The Agency to take on apprentices. Payments will be simplified, petition debt level has not been increased since the contracts streamlined, and a number of data returns Insolvency Act first came into force in 1986 and so and audit requirements eliminated. remains at £750. To be able to threaten someone with bankruptcy for such a small amount is, we believe, The National Apprenticeship Service (NAS) has disproportionate. The consultation will cover increasing employer service managers who provide account the petition debt level in both personal and corporate management services to large employers. cases, which would affect the terms for SMEs. Examples of some of the new contracts include: Nordic Pioneer Ltd Banks Everest Home Improvements The Co-operative Steve Rotheram: To ask the Secretary of State for Kingswood Learning and Leisure Business, Innovation and Skills what recent discussions Between August 2010 and April 2011 over 5,000 large he has had with representatives of the banking industry employers (250-5,000 staff) took on a total of 30,000 on the role of relationship managers in bank branches. apprentices. A 50% rise in starts in this category compared [74753] to the same period in 2009-10. Mr Prisk: I meet with representatives of the banking Bankruptcy industry frequently to discuss a range of issues, including ensuring banks fulfil their commitments set out in the British Bankers Association (BBA) Taskforce, which Steve Rotheram: To ask the Secretary of State for includes actions to improve customer relationships; and Business, Innovation and Skills what recent steps his provide better information and promote understanding Department has taken to safeguard small and medium- between banks and customers. Meetings take place sized enterprises from bankruptcy. [74729] both bi-laterally and through fora such as the quarterly Small Business Economic Forum which I chair. Mr Prisk: The Government have put in place a number of measures including: Boats: EU Action continuing funding for the Business Debtline for the next three years. The Debtline provides free, confidential and independent advice on how to deal with debt problems. The website can be Priti Patel: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, found here: Innovation and Skills what position he plans to adopt www.nationaldebtline.co.uk at the Working Party on Technical Harmonisation on HMRC’s Time To Pay service will continue to offer pay 25 October 2011 in Brussels in respect of the proposal arrangements to viable businesses which are experiencing genuine for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the but short term difficulties in paying their tax. Council on recreational craft and personal watercraft; transforming the advice and information available to small and and what estimate he has made of the potential cost to medium-sized enterprises (SME)—for example on cash flow the UK of the proposed Directive. [74564] management, cutting costs and winning new customers—by supporting an increase in business-to-business mentoring and Mr Prisk: Officials from this Department and UK developing better, expert web-based advice 24/7 at: Permanent Representative will attend the meeting. They www.businesslink.gov.uk will express support for the broad aims and objectives continuing to ensure viable SMEs can access finance. The of the proposal. They will welcome the work undertaken Merlin agreement, co-ordinated by Government in February by the European Commission that has been done in 2011, committed the banks to new lending capacity of £76 identifying areas within the current Recreational Craft billion for UK SMEs in 2011. Government have also worked Directive that could be improved to provide greater with banks to set up an appeals process for SMEs declined clarity of the obligations imposed by the directive. This access to finance, as part of banks’ commitments in the British Bankers Association taskforce. Government are also providing will help to reduce undue burdens placed on business support to SMEs seeking to access finance through the Enterprise (particularly small and medium-sized enterprises), and Finance Guarantee (EFG) and the sister scheme for exporters facilitate cross-border trade. The UK will address those (exEFG). features of the proposal itself that risk being unruly helping business manage cash flow. Central Government burdensome on the sector and UK operators. While an Departments now aim to pay 80% of undisputed invoices official impact assessment is still under preparation, within five days; in August 2011 this Department paid 93.6% one has been prepared by the European Commission 1145W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1146W that suggests that the advantage for the UK industry is Mr Prisk: I refer the hon. Member to the answers I expected to be of the order of £700,000 to £4,200,000 gave on 7 September 2011, Official Report, column per annum. reference 713W, and 8 September 2011, Official Report, column reference 796W, regarding information on the Business Links number of mentors available through the mentoring network and the publication of such information. Vernon Coaker: To ask the Secretary of State for Mentorsme.co.uk, Britain’s first online mentoring Business, Innovation and Skills what support he plans gateway, was launched on 4 July 2011 and provides a to make available for small and medium-sized businesses single point of access for those seeking mentoring and following the closure of Business Link. [73325] those seeking to be mentors, covering the whole of the UK. We do not have data to answer how many business Mr Prisk: From 25 November, individuals and businesses mentors were available to provide guidance to businesses will be able to get better business information and prior to the launch of the mentoring portal. advice on starting, improving and growing their business At launch, the portal included approximately 40 online at: mentoring organisations, providing access to around www.businesslink.gov.uk 10,000 mentors and this number continues to grow. As part of this package: Applications from other mentoring organisations who Two new services will be launched on www.businesslink.gov.uk: wish to be listed on the portal are currently being screened and more organisations will be added in the “My New Business”—an enhanced service providing tailored support to take people through all the tasks needed to start their coming months as they register interest, providing they own business; meet certain minimum standards. I am determined to maintain the quality of the mentors available through “Growth and Improvement”—a new service for businesses looking to improve or grow, containing interactive tools to help this network and am not willing to compromise this in businesses diagnose and solve business problems, a business support order to increase the numbers more quickly. finder, video case studies, peer-to-peer networking and an online The launch of the portal is an important first step on events directory. the road to making mentoring the norm for businesses, The Business Link helpline will be fully operational from 25 whether starting out or with ambitions to grow. November and will support people who are unable to access the internet or have difficulty in doing so. We are now working with the British banking Association www.Mentorsme.co.uk, Britain’s first online mentoring portal, (BBA) to develop mentorsme.co.uk and to encourage was launched on 4 July and provides a single point of access for more experienced business people to become volunteer those seeking mentoring and those seeking to be mentors. The mentors. portal enables businesses that are looking for advice on starting up, growing their companies or needing financial mentoring to Business: Regulation connect with experienced business people who have the skills to support them. 56 organisations have signed up to the portal and we have over 10,000 mentors available across the UK. Mr Meacher: To ask the Secretary of State for A new service, Business Coaching for Growth will be established Business, Innovation and Skills if he will publish the across England from January 2012, providing high quality business Beecroft report commissioned by his Department into coaching support for small and medium-sized firms with high reducing the burden of regulation on businesses. growth potential to enable them to develop and implement growth [75882] plans. It will also fast-track them into finance, knowledge and other networks and to other services such as UK Trade and Investment. Mr Davey: Adrian Beecroft has been asked to contribute A streamlined Solutions for Business support portfolio was his thoughts to Government to support the work on announced in March, targeted at activities where a Government examining the burden of cross-Government employment- lead is required, for example on supporting complex trade deals related law. This is part of a wider consultation with and challenging technology developments. stakeholders for the Red Tape Challenge. His views will On 14 October, we also announced details of the new £57 feed into that process, and we do not plan to publish million contract to deliver the Manufacturing Advisory Service them. which works with manufacturers to identify and implement productivity and innovation improvements to improve their competitiveness. Starting in January, this will be a national service Economic Growth: Olympic Games 2012 locally delivered and tailored to meet the needs of individual businesses and local economic circumstances. The new service will focus on helping SME manufacturers in England to develop Mr Ivan Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for advanced manufacturing capabilities and could help create an Business, Innovation and Skills what assessment he has estimated £1.5 billion in economic growth, 23,000 jobs and safeguard made of the modelling of economic growth potential 50,000 over three years. of the Olympic host boroughs contained in the report by Oxford Economics, Six Host Boroughs Strategic Business: Advisory Services Regeneration Framework-Economic Model, published in November 2010. [73455] Mr Umunna: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills how many business Mr Prisk: The Department’s economic analysts have mentors (a) had joined his Department’s mentoring seen the report from Oxford Economics and consider it network and (b) were available to provide guidance to a valuable contribution to strategic thinking and planning businesses through the mentoring network on (i) 3 July for the east London area. Officials from the Department 2011 and (ii) the most recent date for which figures are have met with representatives from the host boroughs available. [75038] to discuss the report. 1147W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1148W

Mr Ivan Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for Education: English Language Business, Innovation and Skills what representations he has (a) made to and (b) received from the Mayor of Mr Raab: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, London on the economic growth of the Olympic host Innovation and Skills what information his Department boroughs. [73519] holds on the length of waiting lists for English for Speakers of Other Languages courses for (a) all those Mr Prisk: The Secretary of State for Business, Innovation seeking to participate and (b) people granted refugee and Skills, the right hon. Member for Twickenham status. [73873] (Vince Cable), has made no representations to the Mayor of London, nor received any, specifically on economic Mr Hayes [holding answer 12 October 2011]: Data growth in the Olympic host boroughs. are not collected on the length of waiting lists for English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) courses. Mr Ivan Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for Information on participation on ESOL courses is Business, Innovation and Skills what meetings he has published in a quarterly Statistical First Release (SFR). had in the last 12 months on the economic growth of The latest SFR was published on 23 June 2011: the Olympic host boroughs. [73520] http://www.thedataservice.org.uk/statistics/statisticalfirst release/ sfr_current Mr Prisk: The Secretary of State for Business, Innovation Mr Robinson: To ask the Secretary of State for and Skills, the right hon. Member for Twickenham Business, Innovation and Skills how many and what (Vince Cable), has had no meetings in the last 12 proportion of learners who were in receipt of the fee months specifically on economic growth in the Olympic remission for English for Speakers of Other Languages host boroughs. Officials from the Department have met courses also receive active benefits in the Coventry with representatives from the Host Boroughs Unit to local authority area in the latest period for which discuss economic growth and the Oxford Economics figures are available. [70352] report published in November 2010. Mr Hayes: We do not directly record what type of Mr Ivan Lewis: To ask the Secretary of State for benefits people are receiving when they take up training. Business, Innovation and Skills what steps his Department We do, however, collect information on why a learner is taking to support economic growth in the London has received fee remission for a particular learning aim borough of (a) Barking and Dagenham, (b) Greenwich, they undertake. From these data we can provide some (c) Hackney, (d) Newham, (e) Tower Hamlets and (f) information on claimants, but this should be used with Waltham Forest. [73521] caution given it does not provide an accurate picture of the full range of entitlements that a person has. Mr Prisk: Responsibility for promoting economic In Coventry local education authority there were growth in London is largely devolved to the Mayor of 3,240 English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) London and the Greater London Authority (GLA) and adult (19+) aims in 2009/10, the latest academic year for its associated agencies, including the London Development which final year data are available. (As learners can Agency (LDA). enrol on more than one aim, 2,310 learners participated in these aims.) Information supplied by the LDA—provisional, as it Based on the “fees waived” field in the Individualised is based on forecast outturn for the current year—shows Learner Record, 2,850 aims were in receipt of fee remission. that current year spending on some 168 projects designed Of these, 1,700 (59%, based on unrounded figures) to promote economic growth in these boroughs totals received fee remission as the learner was in receipt of an £16,433,455, broken down as follows: income-related benefit.

£ The Government currently provide 50% fee remission for all learners in England participating on ESOL courses Barking and Dagenham 1,815,325 who are eligible for public funded skills provision. Those Greenwich 1,702,647 on income based-benefits are eligible for full fee remission. Hackney 1,727,708 Further education colleges and training organisations Newham 6,529,733 also have local discretion to provide fully subsidised Tower Hamlets 3,385,384 courses for people on a wider range of benefits where Waltham Forest 1,272,159 the training is to help them enter employment. From August 2011, where English language skills In addition, these boroughs benefit from a share of have been identified as a barrier to entering employment, £38.5 million spending this year on pan-London projects full Government funding will be provided for ESOL to supported by the LDA/GLA as well as spending on unemployed people in receipt of jobseekers allowance local colleges and other providers by the Skills Funding or in the employment and support allowance (Work-Related Agency and National Apprenticeships Service; and Activity) Group. We will also continue to pay 50% businesses from Business Link and other investment of ESOL course fees for people who are settled here. We which cannot readily be quantified at borough level. will no longer fund ESOL courses delivered in the The designation of the Royal Docks in Newham as workplace. an Enterprise Zone is further evidence of the Government’s Further education (FE) colleges and training providers support and encouragement for new investment and are responsible for meeting the needs of their local economic growth in the area, building on the very community, and increased freedoms and flexibilities significant boost the Olympic and Paralympic Games that we have introduced will help them respond and investment in infrastructure, jobs and training is providing. determine within their funding where this is prioritised. 1149W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1150W

Employment: Exhibitions Mr Hayes: We do not directly record the number of learners who have been granted refugee status. We do, Andrew Rosindell: To ask the Secretary of State for however, collect information on why a learner has received Business, Innovation and Skills whether his fee remission for a particular learning aim they undertake. Department provided support to the World Skills 2011 From data we can provide information on learners who event held at the Excel Arena on 5 to 8 October 2011. are in receipt of full fee remission through being an [74480] asylum seeker in receipt of the equivalent of an income- based state benefit, but this should be used with caution Mr Hayes: Yes, alongside significant investment from given it does not provide a full picture of the range of the private sector. The Department for Business, Innovation entitlements that a person has. and Skills is the Government sponsor of WorldSkills Based on the “fees waived” field in the Individualised London 2011, and its legacy. Learner Record, in the 2009/10 academic year, the latest The event, the largest international vocational skills year for which final data are available, 7,200 English for competition in modern history, was a resounding success Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) enrolments for and the UK was ranked fifth out of 48 countries, adult (19+) learners received fee remission through surpassing our performance at the last WorldSkills being an asylum seeker in receipt of the equivalent of competition in Calgary in 2009. an income-based benefit. Information on participation on ESOL courses is Further Education: Disability published in a quarterly statistical first release (SFR). The latest SFR was published on 23 June 2011 at: Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State http://www.thedataservice.org.uk/statistics/ for Business, Innovation and Skills what steps his statisticalfirstrelease/sfr_current Department is taking to improve the provision and quality of advice on (a) personal budgets, (b) fees Government Departments: Procurement requirements and (c) benefit entitlements for students with disabilities or learning difficulties wishing to pursue Mr Iain Wright: To ask the Secretary of State for further education; and if he will make a statement. Business, Innovation and Skills what assessment he has [74965] made of the effect of reductions in central government (a) capital expenditure and (b) procurement of goods Mr Hayes [holding answer 18 October 2011]: on the level of manufacturing output in 2010. [74522] Information, advice and guidance on careers and learning is available through the Next Step service. Individuals Mr Prisk: Available data and evidence are not yet can seek advice on all forms of financial support for sufficient to enable BIS to undertake a reliable assessment learning, and those with learning difficulties or disabilities of the impact on manufacturing output in 2010 at this are a priority for intensive, ongoing support. time. The Government’s top priority is to achieve strong, From April 2012, the new National Careers Service sustainable and balanced growth. Sound public finances will replace Next Step. Providers of careers guidance in are essential for sustainable growth. We are also taking the National Careers Service will need to meet a rigorous action as set out in the Plan for Growth to create the national quality standard. On 12 October, I announced best possible climate for enterprise and growth in the that this would be the revised matrix standard, which UK, including action to support advanced manufacturing will require employers to demonstrate that they have set by encouraging higher levels of innovation, exports, frameworks for employee development which recognise business investment and technical skills as well as cutting appropriate professional standards. excessive red tape. The Government intend to publish a Participation Higher Education: Birmingham Strategy later this year setting out the support available to help young people engaged with education, employment and training. Shabana Mahmood: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills how many people in Further Education: Refugees Birmingham, Ladywood constituency in each ethnic group (a) applied to enter university and (b) were Mr Raab: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, successful in their application in each of the last five Innovation and Skills what information his years. [73079] Department holds on the number of people granted refugee status who were claiming full fee remission for Mr Willetts: The information is in the following table English for Speakers of Other Languages courses prior and has been provided by the Universities and Colleges to August 2011. [73867] Admissions Service (UCAS).

Applicants and accepted applicants domiciled in Birmingham Ladywood1 constituency by ethnicity2 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Ethnic background Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted

Black, Asian, 808 582 892 646 982 728 1,107 779 1,281 613 mixed and other ethnic backgrounds White 96 72 100 75 101 73 146 103 175 124 Unknown 258 229 232 188 315 263 323 261 202 151 1151W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1152W

Applicants and accepted applicants domiciled in Birmingham Ladywood1 constituency by ethnicity2 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Ethnic background Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted Applicants Accepted

Grand total 1,162 883 1,224 909 1,398 1,064 1,576 1,143 1,658 1,088 1 Birmingham Ladywood constituency has been identified using the home postcode regardless of declared area of permanent residence. 2. While completion of the ethnic origin field is mandatory for those with a declared area of permanent residence in the UK, applicants can indicate that they prefer not to say what their ethnic origin is. Data on the ethnic origin of applicants is not passed to institutions until after the selection process. Where the ethnic origin has not been detailed in this analysis this is recorded as “Unknown”.

Higher Education: Italy We are now making good progress on implementing these actions. For example, on 11 October a £140 million Valerie Vaz: To ask the Secretary of State for investment in the country’s first TIC—focused on high Business, Innovation and Skills what the outcome was value manufacturing—was announced. Between 10 and of the recent meeting between the Minister of State for 21 October the second phase of the automotive pilot of Universities and Science and the Italian Education See Inside Manufacturing was also launched. Over 40 Minister Gelmini regarding British lettori working in world class automotive manufacturers opened their doors Italian universities. [74759] allowing teachers, careers advisors and young people to see first hand some of the UK’s world-class automotive Mr Willetts [holding answer 17 October 2011]: It is and motorsport facilities and research centres to raise not the normal practice of the Government to disclose awareness of the diverse range of careers available. On details of their discussions with foreign Governments. 14 October, we also announced the new supplier for the reformed Manufacturing Advisory Service which will Mark Lazarowicz: To ask the Secretary of State for go live from January 2012 and includes an additional Business, Innovation and Skills what the outcome was £7 million to deliver supply chain activities over the of his meeting with the Italian Minister for Education, next three years. Universities and Research to discuss the position of We will report on the progress of these and other foreign lecturers working at Italian universities. [74926] Plan for Growth measures at the time of the autumn statement. Mr Willetts: It is not the normal practice of the Government to disclose details of their discussions with foreign governments. Manufacturing Industries: Finance

Iceland: Debts Ian Austin: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills what steps his Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for Department is taking to encourage investment in the Business, Innovation and Skills what advice his manufacturing industry in (a) England, (b) the West Department is providing to companies owed money by Midlands and (c) the Black Country. [73157] Icelandic financial institutions. [75375] Mr Prisk: Working with business, this Government Mr Prisk: HM Treasury have taken the lead on this are taking action to strengthen and grow modern issue. manufacturing in the UK by encouraging higher levels Affected businesses are creditors in the administrations of innovation, exports, business investment and technical of the failed Icelandic banks. Further information, skills as well as cutting excessive red tape. The Plan for including contact details for the administrators, are Growth announced as part of Budget 2011, included a available on the HM Treasury website: package of measures to stimulate the growth of engineering http://hm-treasury.gov.uk/fin_stability_icelandic_banks.htm and advanced manufacturing, including changes to capital allowances, the launch of a High Value Manufacturing Manufacturing Industries Technology and Innovation Centre as well as nine new university-based research centres, funding for 10,000 Mr Iain Wright: To ask the Secretary of State for additional Higher Apprenticeships, and action to promote Business, Innovation and Skills if he will take steps to the image of the sector. encourage growth in manufacturing output; and if he In addition to these national actions, there are six will make a statement. [74523] local enterprise partnerships covering the West Midlands (including one covering the four Black Country local Mr Prisk: Working with industry, this Government authorities). These business public sector partnerships are taking action aimed at increasing growth in are focussed on supporting their local businesses through manufacturing output in the UK by encouraging higher a range of measures which will encourage investment in levels of innovation, exports, business investment and manufacturing. These include Enterprise Zones (eg i54), technical skills as well as cutting excessive red tape. The local enterprise areas, and business support measures. Plan for Growth announced as part of Budget 2011, included a package of measures to stimulate the growth of engineering and advanced manufacturing, including Research Councils: Public Appointments changes to capital allowances, the launch of a High Value Manufacturing Technology and Innovation Centre Chi Onwurah: To ask the Secretary of State for (TIC) as well as nine new university-based research Business, Innovation and Skills what criteria his Department centres, funding for 10,000 additional higher apprenticeships, uses to make appointments to the governing councils of and action to promote the image of the sector. the research councils. [75883] 1153W Written Answers20 OCTOBER 2011 Written Answers 1154W

Mr Willetts: The parameters of council membership education institutions have duties under the Equality are set out in a Council’s Royal Charter, For six of the Act 2010 to support disabled students in higher education seven research councils their Royal Charter states that when applying to higher education and when studying. the council must consist of a Chair, a Chief Executive The legal duties apply to both educational and non- and Deputy Chair, and between 19 and 18 other members. educational services, facilities and benefits including Half of these must be appointed on account of their residential accommodation, where it is provided. relevant academic qualifications. The Science and The law establishes a framework of responsibility Technology Facilities Council’s Royal Charter states which higher education institutions must comply with that it must consist of a Chair, Chief Executive and and also promotes an anticipatory and proactive approach from six to 10 other members, of whom no more than a to supporting disabled students. Universities are required third should be employed members of the council. to make reasonable .adjustments for disabled students The Royal Charters also state that the Secretary of to ensure that they can fully participate in the education State for Business, Innovation and Skills shall consult and enjoy the other benefits, facilities and services which each research council Chair about the criteria for particular are provided for students. Making reasonable adjustments council member appointments when they arise. applies to the provision of university accommodation Within these parameters, and taking in to account (where that service is offered) and ensuring it is accessible. the advice of the Chair on the required balance of Universities are required to plan to meet the needs of expertise and experience on council, the selection criteria disabled students, make the adjustments that may be for new appointments is agreed between the council and required, and periodically review their policies and provision. the Department. The recruitment process is conducted The Equality Challenge Unit (ECU), the independent in accordance with the Code of Practice of the sector body which supports higher education institutions Commissioner for Public Appointments. Vacancies are on equality matters, has developed two guidance documents then advertised for candidates meeting the criteria. with the Association for Student Residential Accommodation (ASRA) and other relevant higher Chi Onwurah: To ask the Secretary of State for education organisations to assist universities in establishing Business, Innovation and Skills what remuneration his inclusive campuses. These include good practice on Department gives to people serving on the governing student accommodation and disabled students and are councils of the research councils; what expenses may be available on the ECU’S website: claimed by such members; and whether such expenses http://www.ecu.ac.uk/publications/student-accommodation- include travel and hotel accommodation. [75884] providers-handbook and Mr Willetts: Eligible council members of the UK’s http://www.ecu.ac.uk/publications/inclusive-campus seven Research Councils are .currently entitled to receive an honorarium of £6,850 per annum. Council members The Government are committed to fair access to who chair boards are entitled to receive a total honorarium higher education for all with the talent, ability and of £9,110 per annum. Council chairs are entitled to potential to succeed. receive a total honorarium of £16,430 per annum. No Technology Strategy Board honorarium is paid to civil servants or employees of organisations whose funds are derived from votes of Parliament. Chi Onwurah: To ask the Secretary of State for Reasonable expenses incurred in pursuit of Council Business, Innovation and Skills what regional representation business can be claimed by Council members. This there is on the Technology Strategy Board; and how includes travel and accommodation costs. often it meets outside Wiltshire. [75806] Students: Disability Mr Willetts: Members of the governing board of the Technology Strategy Board are appointed only on the Valerie Vaz: To ask the Secretary of State for basis of their experience and knowledge of key technology Business, Innovation and Skills what steps he is taking areas and their ability to bring a personal perspective to to ensure that disabled students have the opportunity the exploitation of science, technology and new ideas to live in university accommodation that is accessible; by business. Regional representation plays no role in and if he will make a statement. [75580] their appointment, but the current board members are located from across the UK: London (three), Scotland Mr Willetts: University accommodation is provided (two), Winchester, Suffolk, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Sunbury- at the discretion of higher education institutions themselves, on-Thames, Cardiff, Guildford, Stockport and Portsmouth. and is not funded by Government. The majority of The Technology Strategy Board has held 29 formal institutions provide student accommodation either directly governing board meetings since it was established in or through relationships with housing providers. Higher July 2007 and of these 27 were held outside Wiltshire. 9MC Ministerial Corrections20 OCTOBER 2011 Ministerial Corrections 10MC

For EEA nationals—a custodial sentence of 12 months or Ministerial Correction more for an offence involving drugs, violent or sexual crimes or a custodial sentence of 24 months or more for other offences. Thursday 20 October 2011 There may also be other foreign nationals subject to Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements whose whereabouts is unknown, but are not subject to deportation consideration by the UK Border Agency. HOME DEPARTMENT The UK Border Agency’s work on relocating individuals Deportation: Offenders subject to deportation consideration is a high priority and they actively pursue individuals whose whereabouts Priti Patel: To ask the Secretary of State for the are currently unknown. Home Department pursuant to the answer of 13 September The correct answer should have been: 2011, Official Report, columns 1131-2W,on deportation: offenders, for how many foreign national offenders Damian Green: There are two foreign national prisoners subject to Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements subject to Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements is their location unknown. [72369] whom the UK Border Agency is considering for deportation [Official Report, 13 October 2011, Vol. 533, c. 501W.] and whose location is unknown. Letter of correction from Damian Green: The UK Border Agency seeks to deport from the An error has been identified in the written answer UK foreign national offenders who meet the following given to the hon. Member for Witham (Priti Patel) on criteria: 13 October 2011. An incorrect figure was given in the A court recommendation. first paragraph. For non-EEA nationals—a custodial sentence of 12 months The full answer given was as follows: or more either in one sentence or as an aggregate of two or three sentences over a period of five years, or a custodial sentence of Damian Green: There are four foreign national prisoners any length for a drug offence (other than possession). subject to Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements For EEA nationals—a custodial sentence of 12 months or whom the UK Border Agency is considering for deportation more for an offence involving drugs, violent or sexual crimes or a and whose location is unknown. custodial sentence of 24 months or more for other offences. The UK Border Agency seeks to deport from the There may also be other foreign nationals subject to UK foreign national offenders who meet the following Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements whose criteria: whereabouts is unknown, but are not subject to deportation consideration by the UK Border Agency. A court recommendation. For non-EEA nationals—a custodial sentence of 12 months The UK Border Agency’s work on relocating or more either in one sentence or as an aggregate of two or three individuals subject to deportation consideration is a sentences over a period of five years, or a custodial sentence of high priority and they actively pursue individuals any length for a drug offence (other than possession). whose whereabouts are currently unknown.

ORAL ANSWERS

Thursday 20 October 2011

Col. No. Col. No. ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE...... 1037 ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE—continued Carbon Emissions (Economic Situation) ...... 1041 Energy-Intensive Industries...... 1050 Carbon Emissions (Local Authorities)...... 1051 Fuel Costs...... 1048 Coal Mining Safety...... 1040 Fuel Poverty...... 1047 Energy Bill ...... 1051 Low-carbon Energy (Employment)...... 1043 Energy Efficiency Schemes (SMEs)...... 1045 Off-grid Households ...... 1038 Energy Tariffs ...... 1042 Onshore Wind Power ...... 1037 Energy Tariffs ...... 1047 Topical Questions ...... 1052 WRITTEN MINISTERIAL STATEMENTS

Thursday 20 October 2011

Col. No. Col. No. COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT . 69WS FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE..... 71WS Abolition of Regional Strategies ...... 69WS Afghanistan (Monthly Progress Report) ...... 71WS

ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE ...... 69WS NORTHERN IRELAND ...... 72WS Renewables Obligation Banding Review ...... 69WS Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland...... 72WS ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS...... 70WS TRANSPORT ...... 72WS Agriculture and Fisheries Council...... 70WS Greater Anglia Rail Franchise ...... 72WS WRITTEN ANSWERS

Thursday 20 October 2011

Col. No. Col. No. ATTORNEY-GENERAL ...... 1053W COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT.. 1054W Charity Commission: Independent Schools Adam Werritty...... 1054W Council ...... 1053W Audit Commission ...... 1054W Departmental Procurement...... 1053W Council Tax ...... 1055W Departmental Buildings...... 1055W Departmental Fines ...... 1056W BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS...... 1142W Departmental Land ...... 1056W Advertising Protection Agency...... 1142W Empty Property: Non-domestic Rates...... 1056W Apprentices...... 1143W Empty Property: Witham...... 1057W Bankruptcy ...... 1143W Government Procurement Card ...... 1057W Banks...... 1144W Local Government: Bank Services ...... 1058W Boats: EU Action...... 1144W Local Government: Pensions ...... 1059W Business: Advisory Services ...... 1145W Non-domestic Rates...... 1059W Business Links ...... 1145W Non-domestic Rates: Durham ...... 1059W Business: Regulation ...... 1146W Procurement...... 1060W Economic Growth: Olympic Games 2012 ...... 1146W Redundancy...... 1060W Education: English Language ...... 1148W Employment: Exhibitions ...... 1149W CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT...... 1051W Enterprise Zones...... 1142W Creative Industries Council ...... 1051W Further Education: Disability ...... 1149W Cultural Heritage: Children ...... 1052W Further Education: Refugees ...... 1149W Departmental Meetings ...... 1052W Government Departments: Procurement ...... 1150W Public Libraries: Closures ...... 1052W Higher Education: Birmingham...... 1150W Social Media ...... 1052W Higher Education: Italy ...... 1151W St George’s Day ...... 1053W Iceland: Debts...... 1151W Manufacturing Industries ...... 1151W Manufacturing Industries: Finance...... 1152W DEFENCE...... 1066W Research Councils: Public Appointments...... 1152W Army Cadet Force: Kent ...... 1066W Students: Disability...... 1153W Departmental Manpower...... 1066W Technology Strategy Board...... 1154W Departmental Procurement...... 1067W Libya: Armed Conflict...... 1068W NATO...... 1068W CABINET OFFICE...... 1098W Duchy of Lancaster: Income...... 1098W DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER ...... 1099W Unemployment ...... 1098W Climate Change: International Cooperation ...... 1099W Col. No. Col. No. DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER—continued FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE— Electoral Registration ...... 1099W continued Electoral Registration: Finance...... 1101W Uganda: Children ...... 1109W Electoral Registration: Young People...... 1102W Voter Registration...... 1099W HEALTH...... 1077W Abortion ...... 1077W EDUCATION...... 1122W Alcoholic Drinks: Misuse...... 1078W Children: Human Trafficking...... 1122W Arthritis: Health Services...... 1078W Departmental Buildings...... 1123W Cancer: Screening ...... 1078W Departmental Fines ...... 1124W Departmental Meetings ...... 1078W Departmental Procurement...... 1124W Doctors: Foreign Nationals...... 1079W Further Education: Transport...... 1125W Health Visitors...... 1079W Government Procurement Card ...... 1125W Incontinence: Medical Equipment ...... 1081W Students: Transport...... 1126W NHS Blood and Transplant ...... 1081W Youth Services: Redundancy...... 1126W NHS: Privatisation...... 1081W NHS: Procurement ...... 1082W ELECTORAL COMMISSION COMMITTEE ...... 1054W NHS: Reorganisation...... 1082W Electoral Register...... 1054W Nurses: Foreign Workers...... 1082W Orthopaedics: Footwear...... 1082W ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE...... 1111W Clair Ridge Oil Project...... 1112W HOME DEPARTMENT...... 1070W Departmental Manpower...... 1113W Asylum ...... 1070W Departmental Meetings ...... 1113W Civil Disorder ...... 1071W Domestic Energy Prices ...... 1111W Crime: Victims ...... 1071W Emissions: SMEs ...... 1112W Departmental Fines ...... 1071W Energy Market Competition ...... 1112W Departmental Training ...... 1072W Energy Prices ...... 1111W Departmental Travel ...... 1072W Energy Supply: Prices ...... 1113W Economic Crime Unit...... 1073W Feed-in Tariffs...... 1114W Firearms ...... 1073W Fuels ...... 1114W Illegal Immigrants...... 1073W Government Procurement Card ...... 1115W Illegal Immigrants: Employment...... 1074W Green Deal Scheme...... 1115W Immigration...... 1074W Liquefied Petroleum Gas ...... 1116W Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency. 1074W Natural Gas ...... 1116W Offensive Weapons: Sales ...... 1075W Nuclear Installations...... 1116W Police ...... 1075W Off-grid Households ...... 1111W Police Federation of England and Wales...... 1075W Renewable Energy...... 1121W Police Federation of England and Wales: Civil Renewables Obligation...... 1121W Disorder...... 1075W USA...... 1121W Police: Manpower ...... 1075W Wind Power: Energy Supply...... 1121W Police: Pensions...... 1077W Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal ...... 1077W Vetting: Appeals...... 1077W ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS...... 1068W INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT...... 1092W Astrolabe Reef ...... 1068W Afghanistan: Reconstruction ...... 1092W Departmental Procurements ...... 1069W Afghanistan: Roads...... 1093W Fisheries...... 1069W British Overseas Territories: Overseas Aid ...... 1093W National Park Authorities...... 1069W Charities: Finance...... 1094W National Watersure Scheme ...... 1070W Departmental Location...... 1094W Natural Gas ...... 1070W Departmental Procurement...... 1094W Whales: Imports...... 1070W Departmental Security ...... 1095W Developing Countries: Infant Mortality ...... 1095W FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE..... 1102W EU Aid: Trade Unions...... 1096W Afghanistan: Peacekeeping Operations ...... 1102W Overseas Aid...... 1096W Belarus: Human Rights...... 1103W Sri Lanka: Overseas Aid ...... 1096W Capital Punishment...... 1104W Third Sector...... 1097W Climate Change: Conferences ...... 1104W Yemen: Overseas Aid ...... 1097W Departmental Procurement...... 1105W Departmental Security ...... 1105W JUSTICE...... 1129W Domestic Service...... 1106W Civil Disorder ...... 1129W Economic Situation...... 1106W Courts: Fines ...... 1131W Eurobonds ...... 1106W Courts: Maintenance ...... 1137W European Union Act 2011 ...... 1106W Courts: Witnesses...... 1137W Foreign Investment ...... 1107W Debt Collection...... 1139W GCHQ: Location ...... 1107W Freedom of Information ...... 1139W Iceland: Whales...... 1107W Hillsborough Stadium...... 1140W Indigenous Peoples: Treaties ...... 1108W Office of the Chief Coroner ...... 1140W Public Sector...... 1108W Prisons: Education...... 1141W Roads: Accidents ...... 1108W Reoffenders...... 1141W Thailand: Roads...... 1109W Tourism...... 1109W NORTHERN IRELAND ...... 1142W Tzipi Livni...... 1109W Government Procurement Card ...... 1142W Col. No. Col. No. PRIME MINISTER ...... 1110W TREASURY—continued Climate Change: International Cooperation ...... 1110W Child Benefit: Eligibility ...... 1127W Departmental Meetings ...... 1110W Food: Prices ...... 1127W G20...... 1110W Pensioners: British Nationals Abroad ...... 1128W Public Expenditure...... 1128W SCOTLAND...... 1054W Taxation: Scotland...... 1128W Departmental Allowances...... 1054W VAT: Imports ...... 1129W

TRANSPORT ...... 1062W WALES...... 1060W Crossrail...... 1062W Departmental Location...... 1060W Cycling: Accidents ...... 1062W Departmental Pay ...... 1061W Departmental Official Hospitality...... 1062W Departmental Procurement...... 1061W Departmental Pay ...... 1063W Departmental Security ...... 1061W Departmental Security ...... 1063W Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency...... 1063W Driving: Licensing...... 1064W WORK AND PENSIONS ...... 1083W Driving under Influence: Drugs ...... 1064W Children: Day Care...... 1083W Motorways: Speed Limits ...... 1065W Children: Maintenance ...... 1083W Roads: Accidents ...... 1065W Departmental Meetings ...... 1085W Roads: Safety ...... 1065W Disability Living Allowance...... 1086W Third Sector...... 1065W Kinship Carers...... 1089W Trams: Edinburgh ...... 1066W Pensions: Public Expenditure...... 1090W Social Security Benefits...... 1091W TREASURY ...... 1126W State Retirement Pensions: Females ...... 1092W Business: Finance...... 1126W Winterbourne View Hospital ...... 1092W MINISTERIAL CORRECTION

Thursday 20 October 2011

Col. No. HOME DEPARTMENT ...... 9MC Deportation: Offenders...... 9MC Members who wish to have the Daily Report of the Debates forwarded to them should give notice at the Vote Office. The Bound Volumes will also be sent to Members who similarly express their desire to have them. No proofs of the Daily Reports can be supplied, nor can corrections be made in the Weekly Edition. Corrections which Members suggest for the Bound Volume should be clearly marked in the Daily Report, but not telephoned, and the copy containing the Corrections must be received at the Editor’s Room, House of Commons,

not later than Thursday 27 October 2011

STRICT ADHERENCE TO THIS ARRANGEMENT GREATLY FACILITATES THE PROMPT PUBLICATION OF THE VOLUMES

Members may obtain excerpts of their Speeches from the Official Report (within one month from the date of publication), on application to the Stationery Office, c/o the Editor of the Official Report, House of Commons, from whom the terms and conditions of reprinting may be ascertained. Application forms are available at the Vote Office.

PRICES AND SUBSCRIPTION RATES DAILY PARTS Single copies: Commons, £5; Lords, £3·50. Annual subscriptions: Commons, £865; Lords, £525. WEEKLY HANSARD Single copies: Commons, £12; Lords, £6. Annual subscriptions: Commons, £440. Lords, £225. Index: Annual subscriptions: Commons, £125; Lords, £65. LORDS VOLUME INDEX obtainable on standing order only. Details available on request. BOUND VOLUMES OF DEBATES are issued periodically during the session. Single copies: Commons, £105; Lords, £40. Standing orders will be accepted. THE INDEX to each Bound Volumeof House of Commons Debates is published separately at £9·00 and can be supplied to standing order. All prices are inclusive of postage Volume 533 Thursday No. 210 20 October 2011

CONTENTS

Thursday 20 October 2011

Oral Answers to Questions [Col. 1037] [see index inside back page] Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change

Business of the House [Col. 1059] Statement—(Sir George Young)

National Planning Policy Framework [Col. 1076] General debate

Air Passenger Duty [Col. 1170] Debate on motion for Adjournment

Westminster Hall Arms Export Controls [Col. 337WH] Debate on motion for Adjournment

Written Ministerial Statements [Col. 69WS]

Written Answers to Questions [Col. 1051W] [see index inside back page]

Ministerial Correction [Col. 9MC]