Environmental Monitoring Report

Semi-Annual Monitoring Report January 2020 Project No.: 38350-013

NEP: SASEC Road Connectivity Project

Prepared by the Department of Roads for the Ministry of Finance and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

External Environmental Monitoring Report

Semi-annual Report (July-December, 2019)

NEP: Loan No. 3012 SASEC Road Connectivity Project (SRCP)

Prepared by External Monitor for Implementation of Environment and Biodiversity Conservation Activities for the Project Directorate, Department of Road and the Asian Development Bank

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

30th December, 2019 Currency unit – Nepalese Rupee (NRs) NRs1.00 = $ 0.0088 US $1.00 = NRs 113.48

NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of and its agencies ends on 16 July. FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY 2019/20 ends on 15 July 2020. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank ADB –PD Asian Development Bank-Project Directorate ADF Asian Development Fund ARE Assistant Resident Engineer BOQ Bill of Quantity CDO Chief District Officer CRE Chief Resident Engineer CSC Construction Supervision Consultant CSC-ES Construction Supervision Consultant – Environment Specialist DDC District Development Committee DFO District Forest Office DOR Department of Roads EFP Environmental Focal Person EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMAP Environmental Management Action Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan EMR Environmental Monitoring Report EWH East–West Highway GDP Gross Domestic Product GESU Geo-Environmental and Social Unit GRC Grievance Redress Committee HD Halesi Diktel Road HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus ICB International Competitive Bidding IEE Initial Environmental Examination IOW Inspector of Works LB Leguwaghat - Bhojpur MB Mechipul - Birtamod MHC Mid Hill Connectivity MoFE Ministry of Forest and Environment MOFSC Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation MPIT Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport NCB National Competitive Bidding NGOs Non-Government Organizations NH National Highway PAM Project Administration Manual PIC Project Incharge PM Project Manager PIU Project Implementation Unit PN Pakali Nadaha RAP Rural Access Programme RE Resident Engineer SASEC South Asia Sub-regional Economic Cooperation SEIA Supplementary Environmental Impact Assessment SLC Sub-Project Level Committee

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SRCP SASEC Road Connectivity Project SRN Strategic Road Network STD Sexually Transmitted Diseases TOR Terms of Reference

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SUMMARY 1 1. PROEJCT IMPLEMENTATION STATUS 3 1.2 PROJECT CONSULTANT 4 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION IN SRCP 4 3. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT 5 4. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD IMPLEMENTATION 5 a) Environmental Clearance on IEE/EIA/SEIA Reports 5 b) Appointment of Environmental Focal Person (EFP) and Orientation on Environmental Safeguards 5 c) Status of Forest Clearance 6 d) Compensatory Plantation and Road Side Plantation 6 e) Status of Local Clearances 7 f) Awareness program 10 g) Trainings and livelihood Programs 13 h) Spoil management 13 i) Drainage management 14 j) Management of Dust 15 k) Slope stabilization and bioengineering activities 15 l) Rehabilitation of community infrastructures and cultural/religious sites 17 m) Quarry site management 18 n) Camp site management 18 A. Occupational health and safety (OHS) 18 o) Signboard placing (erection) 18 p) Grievance redress committees (GRC) 19 q) EMP implementation, monitoring and reporting 19 r) Disclosure of environmental assessments and monitoring reports 19 5. OVERALL COMPLIANCE WITH EMP 19 6. STATUS OF COMPLIANCE WITH COVENENT 20 7. ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD 20

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT List of Figure Figure 1: SASEC Road Projects in Map of Nepal ...... 4 Figure 2: Organizational Chart for EMP Implementation ...... 8 Figure 3: Bioengineering in LB road (December, 2018) ...... 16 Figure 4: Brush layering near Chatara bridge, Sunsari and road embankment at Udaypur District ...... 16 Figure 5: Status of Brush layering near Chatara Bridge, Sunsari ...... 17 Figure 6: Rehabilitee stone tap at Legwaghat-Bhojpur road ...... 17

List of Tables Table 1: Details of status of SRCP road subprojects ...... 3 Table 2: Environmental Focal Person (EFP) for SRCP Road Packages ...... 6 Table 3: Status of Local Clearances and corrective measures ...... 8 Table 4: Activates performed by the NGO in EWH sub project ...... 11 Table 5: To date spoil generation and management for different sub-projects...... 13 Table 6: Drainage and structures detail and progress status till end of December, 2019 ...... 14 Table 7: Bioengineering Activity performed in SRCP sub-projects ...... 15 Table 8: Overall EMP compliance status of SRCP road projects ...... 19 Table 9: Issues and corrective measures ...... 20

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

List of Annexes Annex 1a: Environmental Safeguard Planning Status Annex 1b: Environmental Safeguard Implementation Status Annex 2: Environmental Management Cost Annex 3: Details of Tree Clearance Annex 4: Status of Implementation of Loan Covenant Annex 5: Scores for EMP Implementation for different Sub- Projects

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

1. SUMMARY

1. This semi-annual environment monitoring report is eighth report covering period of July-December 2019 and was prepared by External Environment Safeguard Monitor based on the monitoring reports submitted by CSC, IDS Nepal (appointed NGO for livelihood and biodiversity conservation activities) and field monitoring/verification by the external monitor of SASEC Road Connectivity Project (SRCP). Monitoring activities were focused as per the approved Environmental Management Plan provided with contract document, the activities under the ADB Safeguard Policy Document 2009, project administration manual, loan covenant, etc.

2. SRCP project is category 'A' for environment since EWH alternate Highway lies within buffer zone of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (also a Ramsar site) with important habitat of Asian Elephant, Migratory birds and Wild Buffalo. Other sub projects have relatively low level of environmental impacts associated with project implementation. Among five projects, Mechipul -Birtamod sub-project which has already terminated hence is excluded in this report. Due to variation in number of trees to be cleared (944 in approved EIA to 2220 in joint survey of project team) for construction of EWH (Nadaha) - Koshi bridge – EWH (Rupnagar) section, Supplementary Environmental Impact Assessment (SEIA) was approved for the project. It was reported that about 1800 saplings with tree guards and 1200 without tree guard was planted along the EWH road under road side plantation activity however, recent survival of the planted saplings was not counted in project. As a part of biodiversity conservation, considering holistic approach of conservation this project supplied one patrolling vehicle and constructed sentry- post for the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve.

3. Implementation of the SRCP project removed 3402 trees from community forests and national forests and 2895 fruits trees from private land. Cutting of 24,79,196 m3 of hard and soft soil was managed to some extent through back filling, feeding the crushers for preparing sub-base and chips, structure construction, filling the private land and tipping sites as well as in the area with toe wall support. Altogether, 19 quarry sites, 8 burrow pits, 7 crushers were utilized by the projects. Most of the projects are towards completion hence, no new quarry, burrow pit and crusher were proposed in this semi-annual reporting period. Previously used camps and storage yards were mostly reinstated or utilized for other purpose. EWH contractors' camp as well as consultant camp have been utilizing by the locals for operating hotel and restaurant at Koshi Bridge (Chatara). Similarly, 10 construction camps and storage area were used by the project.

4. Even though the quantity of bioengineering work was limited in the design report as well as signed BOQ were also implemented in subprojects. EWH implemented the activity also increasing its quantity through variation order in the proposed budget. Similarly, other sub-projects also performed the activity at least at provided quantity in BOQ. Since other possible areas for bioengineering works are available in the sub-projects, it is essential to increase quantity to make the road further stable.

5. No activity of IDS Nepal (NGO mobilized under SRCP project) which was mobilized for livelihood improvement and awareness creation in project area to the project affected families and locals in EWH, due to completion of the project works from December 2018.

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Peoples were found indebted with ADB, DOR and IDS Nepal for providing opportunity along with establishment of the road. Community learning centers (10) and Eco-clubs (10) established by the NGO in the project affected communities to make better arrangement of awareness creation were distinct in the project area. It was observed that 20 homestays have been established at Jamuwa settlement (7) of Saptari and Tapeshowari settlement (13) of Udaypur district. Several beauty parlors, tailoring business were observed operated by the trainees participated under livelihood improvement program under SRCP. It has also prepared awareness tools like leaflets, eco-club diary and brochures to disseminate the information of the project and biodiversity conservation related informative educational tips. Similarly, NGO had provided bioengineering related training to CSC, contractors, sub-contractors and locals in EWH at contractors camp located in Jahada, Udaypur. Awareness program regarding road safety, STDs as well as GESI related issues in the project area were also performed.

6. None of the sub project has cut and filling activity in this reporting period; hence, issue of particulate matter was not prominent except in Pakali - Nadaha road. The environmental issues marked for further improvement in this reporting period are: improve bioengineering activity, protect roadside saplings, improve occupational health and safety of the workers especially engaged for pavement, orientation of safety kit to the workers, management of river valley side spoil, proper management of road furniture works including signboard and relocation of utilities.

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

1. PROEJCT IMPLEMENTATION STATUS

1.1 Introduction of the Project 1. has received loan from ADB for financing the SASEC Road Connectivity Project (SRCP) to improve the country's road network totaling about 198.98 km, providing (i) alternate route crossing over Koshi River for East–West Highway (EWH) at Sunsari, Udayapur and , (ii) three missing linkages for the Mid-Hill Highway - 114 km namely Leguwaghat – Bhojpur in Bhojpur District , Halesi–Diktel in ,. (iii) a feeder road connecting EWH at Birtamod (iv) Manthali–Ramechhap in to intermediate-lane standard. Similarly, Pakali-Nadaha road with 11.980 km length from Kanchhi Chowk at Pakali to Nadaha settlement (start point of previously awarded EWH (Nadaha) - Chatara (Koshi bridge) - EWH (Rupnagar) subprojects was awarded to joint venture of Swachachhanda-Diwa Construction Companies in 20th Dec 2017. Details of implementation state of the SRCP road sub-project has provided in Table 1.

Table 1: Details of status of SRCP road subprojects SNRoad Contractor CommenCompleti Revised Status Chainage Lengt Improveme Name cement on target target package h (Km)nt Standard 1 EWH- M/S CTCE- 20th Nov 19.11.20 29.9.2018 94.34 (Km 61.25 Asian Koshi- Kalika JV 2014 17 11+840 to Highway EWH Km class II 70+864.88 and Km 0+000 to km 2+215) 2 Leguwa M/S Taijan- 20th Nov 21.05.20 18.3.2019 compl Ch. 0+000 65.55 Feeder ghat- Raman- 2014 17 (4th EOT) eted Km to Road Bhojpur Kankai JV 65+547 Intermediat e lane 3 Halesi- M/S Lumbini- 14th Jun 12.06.20 10.1.2019 Compl From 12 Feeder Diktel 1 Kankai-Surya 2014 16 (2nd EOT) eted 40+000 Km Road JV to 52+000 Intermediat Km e lane 4 Halesi- M/S Lama- 14th Jun 12.06.20 19.1.2019 95.43 From 12 Feeder Diktel 2 Nagajuna JV 2014 16 (2nd EOT) 52+000 Km Road to 64+000 Intermediat Km e lane 5 Halesi- M/S Lama- 14th Jun 12.06.20 3.1.2019 Compl From 11.43 Feeder Diktel 3 Nagajuna- 2014 16 (2nd EOT) eted 64+000 Km Road Trishuli JV to 75+431 Intermediat Km e lane 6 Manthal M/S Bajra 14th Jun 12.06.20 Issued Compl From (Km 13.35 Feeder i- Guru-Amar 2014 16 completio eted 0+000 to Road Ramech JV n Km Intermediat hap certificate 13+351) e lane 7 Mechip M/Sc 14th Project Terminated From 12.16 Feeder ul- Thodung- Jun, from 08th May, 2016 3+090 Km road Birtamo Lohani- 2014 to 15+246 Two lane d Singha & Km Brothers JV 8 Pakali- Ms 30th 21.10.20 21.10.20 80.0 0+000 Km 11.89 Asian Nadah Swachachha Dec, 19 19 6 to 11+890 Highway a nda-Diwa JV 2017 Km class II * Completion certificate was provided on 23rd June 2019.

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

2. The project road locations are shown in the Figure 1.

Figure 1: SASEC Road Projects in Map of Nepal

1.2 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION CONSULTANT The Project Directorate has recruited MSV International, USA as an international construction supervision consultant (CSC) in association with Soiltest (P) Ltd., Nepal, Welink Consultants(P) Ltd., and Beam Consultants (P) Ltd., as construction supervision consultant for this project. Asian Development Bank (ADB) has provided the loan for financing the SRCP sub-project implementation under ADB loan number 3012-NEP (SF). Details of the consultant’s project office is;

MSV International Inc. USA Project Office; In association with: Maharajjung, Ward No. 3, Soiltest (P) Ltd., Nepal, Kapan Marga, Kathmandu, Nepal Welink Consultants(P) Ltd., and Tel/Fax: 0977-1-4378672 Beam Consultants (P) Ltd P. O. Box: 2967 Email. [email protected]

2. ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION IN SRCP 3. This report is the 8th semi-annual report on environmental safeguards compliance of South Asia Sub-regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Road Connectivity Project in Nepal. It describes the implementation of environmental safeguards activities, covering the period from Jan to June 2019.

4. The EWH (Nadaha) - Koshi Bridge (Chatara) – EWH (Rupnagar) project and Pakali - Nadaha road is an alternate route of existing east west highway at Koshi barrage. This road extends over Sunsari, Udaypur and Saptari districts that creates year-round passable conditions along the East-West Highway (EWH), especially across the Koshi River. This road will be connected to national highway through Pakali - Nadaha road (Under construction) and provide complete shape to the EWH for functioning. The upgrade of other three feeder roads 4

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT in the hill areas will improve connectivity between villages along this road system and better access to basic services. The Department of Roads (DOR) executes the implementation of the project.

5. Pakali - Nadaha road was also included under the SASEC road targeting to complete construction works within 18 months from January 2018 which will be completed in October 2019. Total length of the road is 11.89 km. It connects recently constructing EWH (Nadaha) - Koshi Bridge (Chatara) – EWH (Rupnagar) road at Nadaha with existing EWH at Kanchhichok (Pakali). Issue of clearance of trees from national and community forests was not observed in this road since no forest area exist along the road.

6. Environmental Safeguard Categorization and Adjustment: As per the requirements of ADB SPS 2009, the project has been categorized under “A’’ since one of the sub-projects i.e. the East West Highway (Nadaha) - Koshi Bridge - East West Highway (Rupnagar) passes through the buffer zone of a Ramsar site, i.e. the Koshi - Tappu Wildlife Reserve. Before this reporting period SEIA was also conducted due to change in number of trees in EWH than in approved EIA. All other sub projects are categorized under category B for environment.

3. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT 7. The EMP for all subprojects were attached to respective contract documents. The contractors were made liable for implementation of all items in the EMP by appointing Environment Focus Person. The DOR PD through Construction Supervision Consultant monitors directly and reports through Environment Specialist to ADB on monthly as well as quarterly basis. At field level, EMP implementation were made by establishing GRCs in each contract package along with the project implementation however none of the SLCs were functional. Being category A project for environment, External Monitoring for Environment and Biodiversity Conservation Activity has already established through independent expert who reports semiannual basis to ADB and Project Directorate simultaneously. Organizational chart for implementation arrangement of approved EMP and effective monitoring has provided in Figure 2.

4. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD IMPLEMENTATION a) Environmental Clearance on IEE/EIA/SEIA Reports 8. All sub-projects had performed IEE/EIA/SEIA study, and approval from concern authority including ADB. Due to increase in number of trees to be cleared from 944 to 2220, Supplementary EIA (SEIA) there was essence of carrying for EWH. SEIA was approved from then Ministry of Population and Environment on 2016/12/15. Other projects have already conducted IEE study to comply with legal requirement. b) Appointment of Environmental Focal Person (EFP) and Orientation on Environmental Safeguards 9. As per the contractual provision of contract document, Environmental Focal Persons (EFP) has to be appointed by the contractor and in most of the cases the sub projects were recruited with the EFP. In the SRCP subprojects, since major construction activity were completed none of the project have provisioned presence of EFP. Frequent drop of the project

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT by appointed EFP was common in the sub-projects during active construction as well. Status of appointment of EFP for various road packages is given in table 2.

Table 2: Environmental Focal Person (EFP) for SRCP Road Packages S. N Name of road packages Name of Environmental Action from EA Focal Person (EFP) 1. Manthali – Ramechhap Road - Project completed 2. Halesi – Diktel Road - Major construction continuous in HD2 3. Leguwaghat – Bhojpur Road - Construction completed 4. East West Highway – Koshi - Major construction Bridge – East West Highway completed 5. Pakali-Nadaha Road Vacant Repeated instruction for appointing EFP

10. Mechanism of providing the Environmental Clearance Checklist prepared by the CSC Environment Specialist to EFPs for the necessary filling up and regular reporting to CSC was established but lacks periodic follow-up by the specialist. Furthermore, it was reported that CSC has appointed additional responsibility of EMP implementation to ARE in each contract package to ensure implementation, however proper orientation is still lacking. In case of Legwaghat-Bhojpur road, vacant position of ARE has filled but has not appointed with additional responsibility of environment. Similarly, in Pakali-Nadaha road ARE of EWH has been taking care of the road section. c) Status of Forest Clearance 11. All the sub-projects had taken necessary forest clearance approval from Cabinet/then MoFSC/DoF and respective DFO. Required trees were cut down. All together 2220 trees of 2220 approved to clear for EWH, 288 of 396 approved trees for MR and 619 of 786 approved trees for HD roads were cleared till the day. Remaining 73 trees from MR and 79 trees from HD road were saved by the project against clearance. No activity regarding tree clearance was there during this semi-annual reporting period. (Details of tree clearance status has provided in Annex 3) d) Compensatory Plantation and Road Side Plantation 12. SASEC road sub-projects passes through 33 community forests (CFs) with total loss of 3402 trees. Compensatory plantation (CP) was to be done at the ratio of 1:25. To comply the legal requirement of compensatory plantation MR road has released NRs. 4,67,500.00 to DFO for nursery establishment, produced seedlings were used for plantation by mobilizing the community forests. Similarly, budget was provided to DFO of Udaypur and Sunsari districts in EWH subproject to provide budget of compensatory plantation, and let them to implement the compensatory plantation. Regular follow with DFO of concern districts was made through CSC and EA for immediate implementation of the plantation program. DFO in Sunsari and Udaypur has been planning to perform plantation activity through the provided budget in upcoming monsoon season. None of such activities were performed during this reporting period.

13. Among the sub-projects road side plantation was performed in EWH road section. About 3,000 saplings of different tree species like Gulmohar (Delonix regia), Mango

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT (Magnifera indica), Amala (Phyllanthus emblica) etc. were planted and fenced with drums. About 75 % of the planted saplings were survived till the end of December 2017. However, the survival was reduced to 40 % till June 2018. Most of the survived saplings were observed well grown. The contractor had replaced the saplings at the end of August 2018. Continuous caring of the planted saplings including weeding, watering, replacement of dead saplings, etc. required yet to be solved. e) Status of Local Clearances 14. As per project requirement for approval of layout plan by the contractor to operate campsite, quarry and crusher plant, contractor has made clearance of the below mentioned items from the government as well as local body. Since the sub-projects do not have active construction activities due to completion of the major construction activity these sites were not functional except in Pakali-Nadaha road.

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport Monitor External and ADB by Monitoring Independent

Department of Roads

Construction Project Directorate Planning & Design Branch Supervision Consultant (ADB)/DoR Team Leader/DTL Environment Specialist

GESU (As and When Central Level Participation Participation Level Central Required) • Environmental Inspector • Social Specialist Supervision Consultant Project In-Charge / Resident Engineer Project Manager Assistant Resident Engineer Stakeholders Social Mobilizer • Chief District Officer Local Consultative • Division Forest Office/ Forum Wardens of PAs • GRC (District level & • DCC Representative • Municipality/ Rural Contractor SLC) • NGO Municipality Contract manager Representatives Environment Focal Person • Local User Groups Field level participation participation level Field • DoR Representative

Figure 2: Organizational Chart for EMP Implementation

Table 3: Status of Local Clearances and corrective measures Clear EWH-Koshi Bridge- Pakali- MR Road HD Road LB Road ance EWH Road Nadaha Camp at Jadaha (43+200), and Koshi Established bridge (23+100) and at Bitar Established at Established at Jarayotar materials storage site 3+000 (lease Nagi, Nunthala (7+100), Tiwari at Patnali (17+100), Camp is agreement (lease bhanjyang (37+000), Jahada (43+200) and located at done), layout agreement Syamsila (45+100) site Phattepur of Udaypur Chainage plan done), layout (lease agreement done), district (lease 4+000 km submitted plan submitted layout plan submitted agreement done), and and approved and approved layout plan submitted approved and approved but are

ConstructionCamp andStorage at abandon state.

Construction camp at Chatara bridge has Rental Camp at Jarayotar has Reinstated Under operation reinstated and hotel is house in reinstated in operation in the use

Statusand building Correctiveaction

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Clear EWH-Koshi Bridge- Pakali- MR Road HD Road LB Road ance EWH Road Nadaha DDC Approval Quarry at For sand gravel and Patnali stone were used from: No quarry in River, (16+116, 23+950, use but DDC approval Tekane 30+563,30+673,34+80 reservation taken Pokhari, DDC Approval (0+000, 3, 40+417, 48+103) of previous (Dudhkoshi, Kamal 5+400, 8+300, But none of the quarry quarry has Rawa Khola for Pokhari 16+850,17+400, site is use in this maintained sand), for stone were used 34+050, 34+450, reporting period. (Ch 5+400 (45+000, Quarry at 41+700) For embankment filling Quarrysites and 52+000, Sardu eight major sites were Sukhajorkhol 57+000, rivers, in used viz; a Tamakoshi 63+000) Barakshetra (27+900, 31+535, river) Municipality 34+710, 33+491, is in recent 37+690, 39+373, use 41+417, 53+175) Sardu River Not in use Not in use Not in use Not in use Quarry is in

Status operation Quarry within Community forest (Jalpa) was removed - - - and started at approved site at

Nawalpur (CH CorrectiveAction 46+800) No crusher in use Established at Established crusher established at Nagi (Private at the bagar Jadaha (43+200), was land) Mahure area of Established at in abandon stage and No crusher (Barren land of Tamakoshi Leguwaghat (Ch is in reinstatement plant has CF) & Mude river and is 0+000.00) and at Hile - process, installed for (66+240 private in bhangyang (Ch (41+700) lease agreement has the project

Crusherplant barren land) for reinstatemen already done and packages 1, 2 t process layout plan was and 3 approved Not in use and Crusher plant at Arun Removed the Crusher plant and instructed River (Chainage 0+000) crusher from storage yard near for is in abandon state and - the community Triyuga bridge was reinstateme is in process to forest reinstated nt through handover to local body

CorrectiveAction CSC

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT f) Awareness program Under NGO package in EWH road, DoR through PD office recruited the NGO (Integrated Development Society Nepal) in January 2017 for performing social and biodiversity conservation activities including health, livelihood and economic enhancement activities. Ultimate aim of recruiting the NGO in EWH is to comply the approved EMP, establish long term harmony between project and local community by performing the following activities.

• Organize skill development training program to enhance the livelihood and economic enhancement of the project affected people. • Organize community based preventative awareness campaigns to prevent/mitigate health risk and impacts associated with project concerned activities (eg. HIV, STD and accidents). • Conduct road safety awareness program to prevent/mitigate accident during construction as well as in operation of road. • Improve awareness and stewardship among the local people around the EWH road project through capacity building program by involving them in eco-tourism and monitoring activities. • Supervise and monitor the compensatory plantation, design and conduct bioengineering awareness and training especially focusing the poor, disadvantaged and women.

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT • The tenure assigned for the NGO activity was completed initially in November, 2018 that was extended to December 2018 for accompanying the remaining task. The NGO accomplished most of the assigned task regarding awareness creation, livelihood training as well as environmental conservation as per contract with them. Ten communities learning centers (with about 30 members each) along the road alignment were established to aware and strengthen the local community. Similarly, 10 eco-clubs (nine in the local schools and one in mother group) were established to deliver biodiversity conservation awareness to the community. The NGO conducted road safety awareness program as well as health campion to support the local communities. It provided expert level training regarding bioengineering techniques for 20 participants from CSC, contractor and sub- contractors for better implementation of the bioengineering activity. Altogether, 5,542 peoples in Saptari and Udaypur districts were directly benefited from the NGO's activities through CLC, trainings and workshops, and consultations. The NGO prepared and disseminated Eco-club diary, leaflets and fliers as a tool of awareness activity. Similarly, livelihood support programs like enterprise development e.g. handicraft production (Mujh, Gundri, Basket, Bamboo Mudha, rattan; 15 were trained and 10 got support from the project), vegetable farming (21 farmers were trained and 15 were supported), poultry (15 were trained), fishery (19 were trained of which 15 started the business; 5 were supported by the project), tailoring, beauty parlor (15 were trained). Table 4 has shown the activities with number of beneficiaries from the project activity as reported by the NGO.

Table 4: Activates performed by the NGO in EWH sub project Activity Activity Area of No. of Activity followed by period implementation Participants trainee Mobilization of Young 16-22 , 13 events girls and students as November and 917 Social Awareness 2018 participants Campaigners Workshops 23-25 Kanchanrup Four events, November Municipality (Pipara 214 and Jamuba), participants Saptakoshi Municipality (Parsaha) Nature guide training March 21- Koshi Tappu and 15 April 2, Sauraha 2018 Beauty Parlor Training and 1st April Khumaltar 15 5 Enterprise 2018 development

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Activity Activity Area of No. of Activity followed by period implementation Participants trainee Awareness campaign 16th Nov- Chaudandi 3 Events regarding GESI 31st Dec Municipality, Basaha (279 Implementation 2018 Belaka Municipality, Participants) Ambasi Saptakoshi Municipality, Fattepur Health Awareness 23 and 24 Belaka Municipality, 224 Campaign August Ambasi Participants 2018 Kanchanrup made health Municipality, Jamuba checkup

Awareness and Former Homestay, Biodiversity Hording notification hording and This conservation, boards at 14 board reporting Bioengineering, Road places period site plantation and livelihood Biodiversity Former Parsa CF, Aam CF and Seed money Parsa CF has conservation and This Raktamala CF has provided cleared the wetland demonstration sites reporting for all site and got protected, period and has Similarly Raktamala established has managed drinking water source as well as waiting shed and resting locations Source: IDS Nepal, QPR Sept- Dec, 2018

16. From the field observation, as well as consultation with locals and NGO team, it was found that 20 homestays have been establishment in Saptri and Udaypur districts after providing homestay training to the participants by the project. This training was provided with the motto for promoting wildlife conservation in the buffer zone of KTWR by establishing nature-based tourism industry. Homestay at Jamuwa settlement of Saptari district were focused as Tharu Cultural Homestay by involving entire members from Tharu ethnic community. However, remaining 13 homestays has been established in Tapeshowori settlement with mix community culture including Tharu, Newar, Chhetri and Brahmin groups. Similarly, one homestay each in Jamuwa and Tapeshwori settlement, has established new building with two guest rooms having good toilet facility. It was realized that there is need to promote these homestays making advertisement through different communication medium. For the purpose, IDS Nepal had conducted local levels of advertisements by organizing events like participatory homestay promotional programs; by inviting/involving representatives government stakeholders, private sectors, media sectors as well as team of local government.

17. Well established phenomenon of data collection through contractor’s environment focus person to CSC focus person and then to CSC environment specialist was observed. Environment Specialist orientated them for the safe storage of construction materials, safe disposal of spoil, special care in handling hazardous waste and minimized adverse environmental impact during road construction. Furthermore, consultation in field suggested

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT to increase field visit frequency of the CSC environment specialist especially during project construction. g) Trainings and livelihood Programs 18. Project had provided special assistance package to the project affected families in the SRCP sub project as a part of skill development and income generation. All together 62 trainees were trained with five categories of livelihood trainings intending to livelihood restoration and rehabilitation against effect from the project. Training was provided by Training Center Nepal (TCN) in three locations viz. Dhalkebar (), Bardibas (Mahotari district) and in Kathmandu where five participants got auto mechanical training similarly, 12 house/building wiring (electrical), 11 mobile TV repairing, 15 high value crop production and 19 hospitality management training were received. h) Spoil management 19. Since the sub-projects have not been in active construction phase except in PN road, there was not serious issue of spoil management. Spoil generated from construction activity, especially in hilly areas, were managed through back filling, tipping in down valley, constructing toe wall, filling in private land and so on. Table 5 has included the volume and location of to date spoil from the road construction especially from cutting activity, volume of filling materials and management of the spoil. Contractors were observed weak in spoil management even though the scale of the problem is less in this reporting period. The CSC has also instructed to manage the waste materials in tipping areas in appropriate locations.

Table 5: To date spoil generation and management for different sub-projects Sub- Cut Fill Quantity Spoil to be Managed by Remarks Project Volume Volume used for managed (m3) (m3) back filling EWH 394215 1,041,325 No need Borrowing from No Road to manage designated borrow construction pits located at work 27+900, 31+535, performed 34+710, 33+491, for cut and 37+690, 39+373, fill 41+417, 53+175 MR 206,038 47,000 19,670 168,330 Toe wall provided Project in Road at Ch 3+400 to DLP 6+300, 12+500 - 12+650 volume managed spoil site is not identified HD 532,895 50,000 482,895 Managed spoil site Road is not quantified LB 1,362,901 52,200 1,310,701 Partially managed Project in Road in tipping sites at DLP specified locations PN 10,313 194,498 No need Taken from Road to manage designated borrow pit 13

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Sub- Cut Fill Quantity Spoil to be Managed by Remarks Project Volume Volume used for managed (m3) (m3) back filling excess volume i) Drainage management 20. Adequate and appropriate numbers of drainage structures are being provided in accordance with the design of the road in order to minimize interference and impact on natural drainage pattern of the area. Likewise, surface water discharge into farmland or risky locations, and blockage or diversion of natural channels due to construction of road and disposal of spoils has been avoided. No incidents of blockage of natural streams have been reported on all road packages even though the drainage management is not up to the level as per expected schedule. Minor increment in the designed dimension of the cross-drainage structure as well as addition of the structure has also made to address the local issues during construction of the road. Table 6 shows the list of drainage designed and progress achieved as of 31st December, 2019.

Table 6: Drainage and structures detail and progress status till end of December, 2019 Description Unit Proposed Progress till date Percentage (%) EWH Road 91.78 Road side drain Km. 20 14.47 72.35 Causeway Nos. 11 11 100.00 Pipe culvert Nos. 132 133 100.76 Slab culvert Nos. 87 86 98.85 Box culvert Nos. 2 2 100.00 LB Road Road side drains Km 65.547 Road side drains (concreting) Km 65.547 Causeway Nos. 17 Project completed Project completed Pipe culvert Nos. 259 HD-01 Road Road side drains Km 12 Road side drains (concreting) Km 12 Project completed Project completed Causeway Nos. 3 Pipe culvert Nos. 25 HD-02 Road 95.43% Road side drains Km 12 8.75 72.92 Road side drains (concreting) Km 12 9.878 82.32 Pipe culvert Nos. 21 21 100.00 HD-03 Road Road side drains Km 11.431 Road side drains (concreting) Km 11.431 Project 100 Pipe culvert Nos. 40 Completed Causeway Nos 2 MR Road Road side drains Km 11.822 Project Road side drains (concreting) Km 2.443 completion 100 Pipe culvert Nos. 34 awarded PN Road 80.06% Pipe culvert Nos. 3 3 100.00

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Description Unit Proposed Progress till date Percentage (%) Slab culvert Nos. 3 3 100.00 Box culvert Nos. 53 53 100.00 Bridge Nos. 2 0 0.00 Source: Monthly Progress Report of CSC, December 2019 j) Management of Dust 21. Since most of the construction packages except PN road has completed active construction stage, there was no critical issue of dust and emission in the project area. In PN road package sprinkling of water at least twice a day at high mobility period has been following by the contractor. Furthermore, activities like clearance of dust layer from the road alignment and deposition on land filling area were also performed in Halesi-Diktel road during active construction period. Similarly, adoption of wet sieving technology for controlling the dust in crusher plant were also performed in the sub projects. Use of mask was not absolutely accepted by the workers though it was not surplus supplied by the contractor. k) Slope stabilization and bioengineering activities 22. SRCP road design report proposed limited budget for accompanying bio-engineering activities in the proposed road sub-projects. Among the allocated resources as awarded in contract, bioengineering has performed by all the sub projects and consumed the quantity mentioned in BOQ. Rooted grass, single node grass slips and cut stumps for brush layering as well as seeds of shrubs and trees has planted as bioengineering measure in the sub- projects. Total 44,910 m2 area was covered by bioengineering for planting grass nodes and seeds of shrubs as well as trees, similarly, about 6,714 running meter of brush layering and plantation of 9,182 number of single cut stump of the rooted grass plantation was done amounting cost of NRs. 8,441,902 which is under evaluation and payment process in SRCP sub- projects. Similarly, about 248,647 m2 of turfing has performed in EWH to protect the road embankment. Details of project level of bioengineering has provided in table 7.

Table 7: Bioengineering Activity performed in SRCP sub-projects LB HD1 HD2 HD3 MR EWH Total S.N. Bioengineering activity Unit Bio-engineering Quantity in Sub-Projects 1 Planting rooted grass slips m2 6904.96 1059 1075 935 820 17953 28747 Single node clump cutting Nos 1136.6 3650 960 3200 235 - 9182 2 grass 3 Brush layering m 722.6 267 313 414 250 4747 6714 Planting seeds of shrubs 4 and trees m2 0 1059 865 935 820 12484 16163 Source: QPR report of CSC July-December, 2019

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

Figure 3: Bioengineering in LB road

23. Brush layering and seeding of grasses has well established in some sections of the EWH road. Survival of Simali (Vitex negundo) species used for brush layering was observed in good condition during field visit; however, germination and survival of seeding grass was very low and these areas were replanted with and grown the vegetation cover. As of recommendation of previous reporting period to expand the bioengineering activity in other areas of the EWH, bioengineering activities were started other sub-projects as well. Implementation of bioengineering activity even though initiated through the contractor, needs further improvement in the allocating quantity as well as required budget. Involvement of locals in participatory approach will by community mobilization from the affected area will provide better out-put.

Figure 4: Brush layering near Chatara bridge, Sunsari and road embankment at Udaypur District

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

Figure 5: Status of Brush layering near Chatara Bridge, Sunsari

Following activities was initiated for bioengineering works in different sub projects:

EWH Road Bioengineering has performed at several sections and has planned for implementing this season as well. LB Road Bioengineering activity was found implemented within budget in BOQ. HD-01 Bioengineering activity was performed by the project but not get financial clearance yet. HD-02 Bioengineering activity was performed by the project but not get financial clearance yet. HD-03 Bioengineering activity was performed by the project but not get financial clearance yet. MR Bioengineering activity was performed by the project but not get financial clearance yet. l) Rehabilitation of community infrastructures and cultural/religious sites 24. Community infrastructures, especially damaged to the trail, damaged stepping stairs, electric poles, water supply pipes, water taps etc., were reconstructed by the contractor at satisfactory level.

Figure 6: Rehabilitee stone tap at Legwaghat-Bhojpur road 17

July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT m) Quarry site management 25. No new quarries were operated during this reporting period since most of the project has completed the construction phase. Use of quarry sites after approval of quarry operation plan has been followed by the contractor and practiced for approving from the CSC and extraction is done from environmentally suitable and legally approved sites. Most of the sub projects, except Pakali-Nadaha road, used the materials from slope cutting along the RoW. However, EWH and MR roads are currently not using their quarries. In case of HD road, the quarry operated for stone excavation within community forest (Jalpa) was refused and corrected by establishing new quarry at Nawalpur (CH 46+800) after taking necessary approval and making understanding with the local stakeholders. Some of the quarry sites explored in private land were also utilized by the contractors especially for stone taking prior approval. Details of the quarry used in the project has provided in table 3. In case of quarry site operated through local government contractor has been fulfilling the legal requirements set as benchmark for quarry operation. n) Camp site management 26. Most of the workers camps were managed in rental house having basic facilities of toilet and bathroom by the contractor. Similarly, workers residing in camp were also facilitated with toilet and bathroom services at partially satisfactory standard. Drinking water and sanitary facilities (toilets) were available in the camps for each contract packages at satisfactory level. In camps, workers were using LPG (in most of the cases) and fire wood (rare case) obtained from local market for cooking purpose. No conflict was observed with locals regarding consumption of fuel wood in the camps. None of the new camp was established by contractor, CSC as well as project office during this reporting period. CSC camp established at Barahakshetra (Sunsari) section has been supervising EWH and PN road section. Contractors camp and consultant camp of EWH at Koshi bridge has operated as hotel by the local people. Details of camps areas from contractor and consultant are provided in table 3. A. Occupational health and safety (OHS) 27. Occupational health and safety measures were partially followed in the sub-projects. Workers were provided with safety gears like helmet, facemasks, goggles, etc. in all road packages even though not enough. Level of knowledge for using safety gear among workers was poor; as a result, ignorance of PPE use was observed. In comparison to the previous reporting, this time workers were more adaptive to use the PPE. Workers group was provided with first-aid kit having essential medicines however focus person to handle the kit was limiting in the sub-projects. Provision of group accidental insurance of all workers has made in all road packages. o) Signboard placing (erection) 28. Signboards has erected basically at start and end point of all road sub– projects having project information. In addition to this, informative signboards and barricades were found on different locations with construction activities. Even though it was improved than previous reporting, it was still not in surplus condition. Similarly, additional 14 hoarding boards with biodiversity and conservation information as well as indication of homestay were placed through NGO-activity.

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT p) Grievance redress committees (GRC)

29. Total six GRCs were formed in seven road packages. In EWH - Koshi Bridge - EWH Road, four SLCs and one GRC in Saptari district, four SLCs and one GRC in , and one GRC in are formed, and are in functional. Similarly, in Leguwaghat - Bhojpur Road, four SLCs and one GRC were formed and made functional along with project implementation. Likewise, in Halesi - Diktel Road, three SLCs and one GRC are formed and functional. In Manthali - Ramechhap Road, two SLCs and one GRC were formed. However, none of the GRC were functional these days.

30. Regarding the environmental issues, none of the grievances were registered or documented till date for any of the road packages under SRCP except water sprinkling issue. q) EMP implementation, monitoring and reporting 31. EMP implementation and monitoring in the SRCP road packages was observed satisfactory. DOR/PD (ADB) has appointed CSC for regular monitoring and reporting to ADB on the implementation of environmental mitigation measures described in the EMP and the findings of the environmental monitoring. ADB reviews the monitoring reports to determine if the safeguards requirements are satisfactorily met by DOR. CSC has conducted periodic site inspections to assess contractor’s compliance to the EMP, advice corrective measures, and report to DOR/PD on the effectiveness of the mitigation measures, and overall status of EMP implementation. Contractors have been filling the environmental compliance checklist provided by the environment specialist of CSC then submit back. To facilitate the EFP of contractor and ensure proper EMP implementation, CSC has appointed the IOW and AREs to serve as environment focal person at site, however were not much oriented about EMP implementation. r) Disclosure of environmental assessments and monitoring reports 32. ADB and DOR have disclosed the IEE/EIA/SEIA reports as well as semiannual environmental monitoring reports has published in their respective websites complying with SPS 2009, information disclosure requirements. 5. OVERALL COMPLIANCE WITH EMP 33. Table 8 shows the overall compliance status of EMP in all road packages of SRCP sub-projects. Details of the score for different environmental indicators scaled through automated safeguard monitoring system has provided in Annex 5 of the report.

Table 8: Overall EMP compliance status of SRCP road projects No. Road Package Name EMP Part of EMP Being Status of EMP Action Proposed and Contract Implement Implementatio Additional Measures Documents (Y/N) ed (Y/N) n (%) Required 1 Manthali – Completed Project completed Ramechhap Road 2 Halesi – Diktel Road Y Y Spoil management in (I, II and III) 62.00 package II and III 3 Leguwaghat – Project completed Bhojpur Road Completed

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT No. Road Package Name EMP Part of EMP Being Status of EMP Action Proposed and Contract Implement Implementatio Additional Measures Documents (Y/N) ed (Y/N) n (%) Required 4 East West Highway – Y Y 81.00 Koshi Bridge – East West Highway 5 Pakali-Nadaha Road Y Y 72.73 Safeguard desk, GRC, Road side plantation, etc. 6. STATUS OF COMPLIANCE WITH COVENENT 34. Environment covenant has focused preparation and approval of EIA/IEE report along with design reports, provision of responsible environment focus person by the contractor and implementation of EMP, OHS, maintaining sanitation. Environmental safeguard related project activities have more or less compliance with covenants as regular follow up actions has been taking according to the approved detail project report (refer Annex 4 for detail). 7. ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD 35. Since most of the project has completed the constriction activity, and entered into DLP, limited issues regarding environment safeguard exists. However, projects viz. EWH, PN and

HD2 have some section to complete the construction work. Table 9 has summarized the main environmental issues and way forward for the effective implementation of environmental safeguard measures in SASEC road sub-projects. Even though bioengineering works has started in EWH road, it needs to further expedite. Other specific issues relating to environmental compliance in road project and corrective actions to be taken are as given in table 9.

Table 9: Issues and corrective measures SN ISSUES WAY FORWARD 1. Irregular presence of • Award responsibility to ARE in EWH and PN road similarly IOW Environmental Focal in HD road on the behalf of consultant. Person on the project • Appoint Environment focus person on the behalf of Contractor site and reporting and improve environment safeguard implementation. (environmental • Provide instruction to contractor to appoint environment focal monitoring checklist) person and assure their regular presence for the successful implementation of EMP. 2. Compensatory Even though budget was provided to DFO offices project districts in plantation EWH and MR road there is essence to have regular communication with the respective DFO for making implementation of provided budget. 3. Bioengineering As if possible, implement the bioengineering works in the unstable sites for maintaining stability during DLP of the subprojects. 4. Occupational health Improve practice of using PPE by the project team. Encourage the and safety (OHS) worker, staff of concern parties to use the safety gears while entering the construction site to increase appreciation of the OHS friendly construction focusing on EWH, PN road, HD2 packages. 5. Erection of sign board Sufficient number of the signboard, safety notice boards and flags and safety notice shall be kept in the construction areas. should continue

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July-December, 2019 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

Annex

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT July, December, 2019 Annex 1

Annex 1a: Status of Environmental Safeguard Planning

S Name of road Environm Environment EARF is EIA/IEE/D ADB approved Government Safeguard GRC is Automated EMP cost in N packages ental category of the prepared DR with EIA/IEE with approved monitoring establis safeguard approved screenin project / (if EMP is EMP EIA/IEE and hed monitoring document is g is subproject applicabl prepared (Yes / Under with EMP coordination (Yes/No system included in carried (A/B/C/FI) e) (Yes/No) Review / Not Yet (Yes / Under mechanism ) customized BOQ as an out? (Yes/No) Due/Over Due) Review / Not established (Yes/No) individual item (Yes or Yet (Yes/No) (Yes/No) No) Submitted) 1. Manthali – Project Construction completed Ramechhap Road 2. Halesi – Diktel Y B Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Road 3. Leguwaghat – Project Construction completed Bhojpur Road 4. East West Y A Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Highway – Koshi Bridge – East West Highway 5. Pakali-Nadaha Y B Y Y Y Y In process In N Y Road process

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT July, December, 2019 Annex 1b: Environmental Safeguard Implementation Status (Reporting period: Jan-June, 2019) Name of Project: SASEC Road Connectivity Project (SRCP) S Name of Compliance to Environmental Management Plan* Grievances CorrecEnv. Remarks N Sub- Physical Biological Socio-economic tive compli project Spoil Landslide DrainagOthers as Compensatory FirewooOthers Occupational Health and Safety Community Other Nos of No of No of Action ance Managem protection e per EMP Plantation d is as per structures are s as grievancegriev grieva Plans reporti ent with Bio- Manag (specify) Target Replanused EMP Safety Labors Labor and compensated / per s ance nces are ng is complianc engineerin ement (Nos.) ted for (specify Gears are are work camps reconstructed EMP documents under prepar maint e in %) g (compli (Nos.) cooking ) sufficient insured are healthy (progress in % (speci ed resol proces ed and ained (complian ance in and and used (Y/N) and have of total fy) ved sing imple (Y/N) ce in %) %) heating (Y/N) sanitary estimated mente (Y/N) facilities (Y/N) work) d (Y/N) 1 EWH – Spoil are 90 90 No 55,50 Only Y No Y Y Y 90 No None No Y Yes Koshi used in 0 road Bridge – road side EWH Road embank turfin ment g 2 Leguwagh Completion Certificated issued at – Bhojpur Road 3 Halesi – 65 Not 72.9 No 20,02 No Y No Y Y Y 85 No ‘’ No Y Yes Diktel Started 2 5 Road (all three packages) 4 Manthali Completion Certificated issued Ramechha p Road 5 Pakali- Spoil are Not - No 2018 No Y No Y Y Y Not yet No Reques No Y Yes Spoil Nadaha used in Started t for are Road road water used in embank sprinkle road ment embank ment

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT July, December, 2019 Annex 2: Environmental Management Cost (NRs) Details of Provisional Sums (ICB and NCB Contracts) Budget included under Provisional Sum on BOQ for Environmental Mitigation and Enhancement

Status of Implementation of proposed Enhancement LB HD1 (40-52) HD2 (52-64) HD3 (64-73) MR MB EWH measure/mitigations Status of Air pollution, water pollution, noise and soil 200,000 70,000 70,000 60,000 100,000 100,000 300,000 pollution Bio-engineering and civil engineering structures for 1,966,410 360,000 360,000 342,930 400,530 364,710 1,837,320 stabilization of the land Compensatory plantation 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reduce Impact on buffer zone (Supply of Pickup VAN) 0 0 0 0 0 3,000,000 Installation of Centri post 0 0 0 0 0 3,000,000 Renovation of Existing DoR building () 0 0 0 0 0 1,000,000 Supply of safety gears to the workers (PPE) 1,035,000 276,000 276,000 276,000 828,000 621,000 2,898,000 Damage to common property resources and Reinstate of 2,000,000 300,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 1,000,000 3,700,000 services (Engineers instruction) Not specified (Offsite verification testing by engineer) 400000 70,000 70,000 60,000 200,000 200,000 600,000 Social compliance as instructed by engineer 700,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 130,000 15,0000 475,000 Land reclamation, compensation, transportation for camp 1,500,000 0 1500000 1500000 2200000 0 area Total cost for Environmental safety 7,801,410 1,196,000 1,196,000 2,758,930 3,658,530 4,635,710 16,810,320

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT July, December, 2019 Annex 3: Details of Tree Clearance

A: Forest Clearance Status till June 2019 Progress up to June 2019 Cumulative Progress till June 2019 Remarks Number of Contract Package Progress CF Target Achieved Target Achieved Progress (%) (%) EWH-Koshi Bridge- 21 2220 Nil 0 2220 2220 100 EWH Road Halesi-Diktel- 01, 02 & Remaining trees 11 786 619 79 786 619 100 03 expected to be saved Manthali-Ramechhap 1 396 288 73 396 288 73 Project Completed Leguwaghat-Bhojpur NA Pakali-Nadaha Road NA Note: NA- Not applied cases

B: Overall Forest Clearance Status for SRCP Sub Projects S.N. Name of Road Verification of No. of submission of Status of process for Marking of trees Cutting trees Package Trees to be cut down letter to DFO for the permission from (Chhapan) by Activities after IEE/EIA/SEIA the permission MoFE DFO Office approval 1. EWH (Nadaha) - Koshi All verification completed Permission granted Permission granted 2220 Cutting completed Bridge (Chatara) - EWH (Rupnagar) 2. Leguwaghat – Bhojpur All completed earlier by Not Applicable (NA) Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Road RAP 3. Halesi – Diktel Road All verification completed Permission granted Permission granted 786 619 Trees have (all three packages) been cut out of 786 4. Manthali Ramechhap All verification completed Permission granted Permission received 396 288 Tress have Road been cut out of 396 5. Pakali-Nadaha Not Required

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT July, December, 2019 Annex 4: Status of Implementation of Loan Covenant

Reference Clause in Financing No Covenants Agreement Status of Compliance Environment

The Borrower shall ensure or cause DOR to ensure Being complied. that the preparation, design, construction, implementation, operation and decommissioning of the Project and all project facilities comply with a. It is implemented accordingly and monitored as per approved IEE/EIA/SEIA and as per Laws and (a) all applicable laws and regulations of the regulation of Nepal Government and ADB Borrower relating to environment, health and Schedule 5 Safeguard Policy 2009. 6 safety; Para 6 b. Found to have approved safeguard document from (b) the Environmental Safeguards; and ADB and Nepal Government. Even though it is not in sufficient amount the project has appointed EFPs. (c) all measures and requirements set forth in the EIA, the EMP, and any corrective or preventative c. During the course of project implementation as per actions set forth in a Safeguards Monitoring EIA and EMP, all the requirements set forth with Report. corrective or preventive measures included in Safeguards Monitoring Report.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT July, December, 2019 Annex 5: Scores for EMP Implementation for different Sub- Projects

Weightage MR LB S.N. Indicators given EWH HD PN 1 Employment generation 5% 5 4 5 2 Monthly safeguard desk meeting 5% 0 0 0 3 Awareness raising training to District team, Contractors/BGs 5% 5 5 5 4 Increase in trade/commence/ market center 4% 4 4 4 5 Spoil management 8% 8 4.5 * 6 Drainage management 6% 6 5 6 7 Camp and storage site management 5% 5 4 3.5 8 Reinstate of quarry and borrow pits 5% 4.5 4 5 9 Reinstate of public and private structures 7% 7 7 7 10 Bio-engineering work 8% 7 3 * 11 Rehabilitation of landslides and erosion prone area 6% 5.5 5 * 12 Compensatory/Roadside tree plantation 7% 7 0 * 13 Information signboard 4% 4 4 4 14 Insurance of Workers 5% 5 5 5 15 Occupational health and safety 5% 4 3.5 3.5

Protection/rehabilitation of culturally and religiously sensitive

Project construction completed completed Project construction completed Project construction 16 sites 5% 4 4 * 17 Monthly safeguard desk meeting 5% 0 0 0 18 Addressing grievance through GRC 5% 0 0 0 Total Weightage achieved by each project 100% 81 62 48 Total score for applied case 100 100 66 Achieved Score (%) 81 62 72.73 Note: * Condition not Applied for the project