AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL

Rhcto by R. M. bcotten AN OLD TURK, CONSTANTINOPLE

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VOL. IV. No. 9 WASHINGTON, D. C. SEPTEMBER, 1927 Peasants of Delarne

By HALLETT JOHNSON, Secretary, Paris THE peasants of the province of Dalecarlia, succeeded in changing his tired horses for the which forms the heart of Sweden, are dif¬ last two fresh animals that were to be had that ferent from any class of people that are to day. As they were being harnessed up the be found in the United States in that they not Governor of the Province drove up in great only freely admit that they are peasants, but style with coachmen and footmen in livery and glory in the fact. In America we claim that all finding that there were no extra horses de¬ men are born free and equal, but our actions manded those which were being harnessed up often belie the maxim, while in Dalarne the by the peasant. The peasant calmly refused and peasant in his every word and action lets it be the Governor, in a rage, said: “Do you know known that he is the equal of any in the land, who I am ? I am the Governor of the Province, invariably addressing even the King by the pro¬ Chamberlain to the King and a Knight of the noun “Du,” the equivalent of the English Royal Order of the North Star.” “Well, well,” “Thou,” a word only used between equals. I replied the peasant, “and do you know who I recently visited a little Dalecarlian farm which am?” The Governor was somewhat startled by had been in the present owner’s family for 300 this remark and wondering whether his ques¬ years and found on the living-room table signed tioner was a Prince travelling incognito, said: photographs of the King and Queen of Sweden. “No, who are you?” The peasant placed him¬ The peasant told me that they had been given self squarely in front of the nobleman and re¬ him by the King personally the last time His plied in no undecided tones: “I Am the Man Majesty had called upon him. He added that That Ordered Those Horses.” the King’s courtesy was not quite reciprocal, The Dalecarlians have a certain right to treat however, as when the Swedish ruler came to even the King as their equal as it was by their Rattvik he always called upon him immediately aid that Gustavus Vasa drove the Danes from and when he, Lars Larson, came to Stockholm Sweden and made the foundation of the modern the previous winter and called upon the King, kingdom. The adventures of King Gosta in His Majesty could not receive him the same day Dalarne form a more picturesque and thrilling but told him to come back on the morrow. narrative than the episodes told of King Alfred Needless to say the Dalecarlian who calls the himself. King by his first name does not kotow to a In 1520 a Danish King ruled in Stockholm. mere member of the nobility. An anecdote told One young noble, however, had not trusted of the old time before steam transportation himself in the city controlled by Christian II would be equally true of their attitude today. and escaped into Dalecarlia. While Gustavus A peasant in his working clothes drove up in an Vasa was at this time but a youth of 24, King old farm wagon to a certain post station and Christian feared him and went over the province 273 rjTHE^MERICANpOREIGN gEKVICE JOURNAL

with a fine tooth comb to find him. Gustavus ment which was to determine the fate of Sweden donning a home-spun suit, cutting his hair and in its results have great influence on the squarely off and an axe over his shoulder, outcome of the 30 years’ war and the protection tramped the old province till he found work of Protestantism. threshing grain in the barn of Anders Persson When Gustavus reached Mora the peasants at Rankhyttan. The discovery by a girl on the elected him “Lord and Chieftain over Dalarne farm of a gold embroadered collar showing and the whole realm of Sweden,” and rose in above the peasant costume caused him to flee his support like the Minute Men of our own again and he found refuge in a cottage at Ornas, revolutionary days. Their arms consisted only but the Danes pursuing him thither he was of axes and clubs, bows and arrows. Five thou¬ forced to make his escape at midnight by the sand of them confronted the Danish army on aid of a rope made of sheets given him by the the Dal River and the latter, although superior peasant’s wife, Barbro Stigsdotter. His next in numbers, beat a retreat. The peasants pur¬ refuge, another peasant’s house, was actually sued them. But it took two years more of searched by Danish soldiers, but the quick¬ strenuous fighting to take Stockholm, where, on witted housewife saved him from recognition by Midsummer’s day in 1523 King Gustavus Vasa striking him across the shoulders with her roll¬ made a triumphant entry. ing pin crying: “Out with you, you lazy oaf, The peasants of Dalecarlia had not, however, hustle out to the barn and finish your work.” like our own Minute Men limited themselves to Later at Mora the ruse of concealing a small driving out a king; they had placed another trap door into the cel¬ king upon the throne, lar by placing a huge but like our forebears tub full of Christmas they would not permit ale over it saved him even the king of their from imminent danger. own making to tax After such adven¬ them without repre¬ tures the young noble sentation and when was heart-broken to Gustavus in dire need find that the Dalecar- of money attempted lians were so sick of arbitrary measures warfare that they they rose against him would not rise against time and again until the Danes and he him¬ eventually their rights self was therefore were recognized. The forced to start on a peasants had “set King long journey on skiis Gustav in his high toward the Norwegian seat” but they were frontier and safety. It quite ready to attempt was only when the to unseat him if he mountains of Norway tried to take from were in sight that two them their ancient lib¬ peasants who had pur¬ erties. At a time when sued him caught up the peasantry of the and gave him the glad rest of Europe was news that Dalarne suffering under the could no longer stand feudal system the the tyranny of the for¬ Dalecarlian was mak¬ eign invader and ing his rights respected would rise under his and it has been well standard. The skiiers said that “in no other retraced their long contemporary Euro¬ wintry journey and pean state could so Gustavus Vasa, instead self-reliant a class of of seeking sanctuary in Photo by Hallett Johnson yeoman be found.” Norway led a move¬ NINETY YEARS OLD The qualities of the 274 rpTE^MERICANpOKEIGNgERVICE JOURNAL

Dalecarlian are those which particularly appeal light-colored buckskin breeches, tied about the to Americans and from which Americans can knee with bright red woolen ribbons upon the learn many lessons. The peasant, while treat¬ ends of which are little red balls which are al¬ ing; the King as an equal, treats his own servant, lowed to hand down and swing back and forth. if he has one, in the same manner, and has an They wear either white or bright red woolen unequaled simple dignity and simplicity of char¬ stockings and low shoes with big buckles of acter. He is entirely unaffected. At the small silver, or for daily wear wooden shoes. hotels in Dalarne the guests including Swedish Cleanliness is not only typical of their cos¬ nobles and members of the diplomatic corps can tumes but of their houses and persons as well. and do dance with the waitresses in their We can follow to advantage, however, the charmingly picturesque costumes and the wives example set us by the Dalecarlian in other ways. of the most important visitors dance with the He is not restless but loves the land and is con¬ men servants without the slightest loss of dig¬ tent to live and die upon it. Some of the old nity on either side. The peasants are magnifi¬ farms of the province have been in the posses¬ cent physical specimens, tall and broad of sion of the same families for a dozen genera¬ shoulder and their fair hair and blue eyes re¬ tions, and they would sooner part with their call vividly the days when their ancestors par¬ right hand than with their patrimony. The old ticipated in the Viking expeditions. They are province does not support all its sons and for¬ immaculately dressed in their traditional cos¬ tunately for us numbers of them cross the At¬ tume. The women’s costume consists of a long, lantic but I have known of several cases where wide skirt of some thick dark blue or black an emigrant, who was very successful in his material, with strips of bright colored cloth new life, returned to Dalecarlia when he as the sewed horizontally in the shape of an apron, but oldest son inherited a portion of the old estate. forming part of the skirt. The blouse is white Usually the land is divided among the children with long wide sleeves, of the family and divi¬ narrow at the wrist, sions and marriages covered in part by a often bring it about wide girdle of either that a peasant will own bright green or red several plots of land lustrous silk, laced to¬ separated from one an¬ gether in front with other by a consider¬ bright ribbon and with able distance. He car¬ narrow bands over the ries his worship of his shoulder. Gay colored own land to such an kerchiefs are worn extent that rather than about the neck. The sell a distant part of kerchief is folded in¬ his holding and buy to a triangle, the two land adjacent' to his corners meeting and homestead he will pinned in front with a walk for miles to cut silver pin, the other the hay on a distant corners of the kerchief meadow and carry it forming a V in the back to his home. back. The hat belong¬ Tradition is a strong ing to this costume, force in the Dalecar- shaped like a cornet, lian’s life and he is not is made of thick black easily separated from material and edged the customs of his an¬ with red, two ribbons cestors. Even now he hanging down the wears the old costume back with woolen balls and is not deterred by fastened to the ends. its cost which is The men dress in a greater than the ugly Photo by Hallett Johnson short white coat, trim¬ modern suits which med with bright red, FIREPLACE IN A PEASANT COTTAGE are manufactured by 275 r__ rjTHE^MERICAN p QREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL

regular church-goers and no weather is too cold nor is the snow ever too deep for them to find the way to their be¬ loved place of worship. It does not matter to them whether they hear erudite or simple sermons or whether there is good church music or no music at all. They go to wor¬ ship God simply and seriously as did the Puritans on the Massa¬ Photo by Hall eft Johnson chusetts coast. LAKE SILJAN Our tradition of the Called the “Eye of the Dales’" May Pole we probably received from Sweden, the hundreds of thousands and therefore for there this pretty custom has been observed for cheaper. Tradition also to some extent gov a thousand years and, in fact, it is believed to be erns his means of locomotion, for although the the survival of the custom of the tree worshippers unpicturesque bicycle and even the motor have who lived in hoary antiquity. In Dalecarlia the some popularity there may still be seen on Lake May Pole, which ushers in the summer is dec¬ Siljan, the Eye of the Dales, the old church orated with leaves, flowers and colored egg¬ boats shaped like Viking ships and rowed by shells and a reproduction of such poles may be 20 oarsmen singing hymns as they row and pro¬ seen on the earliest Northern woodcuts. ceeding toward the parish church. The Dale- Another pretty tradition which is still uni¬ carlian has the most intense loyalty to his own versally observed is the decoration of windows parish and would as soon think of going to a and doors with fresh green birch branches on church in another parish as he would of at¬ midsummer’s day; in fact, not only houses are tempting to vote in a district in which he was decorated in this way, but horses and carriages not a resident. Many characteristics of these and in the country one meets troops of young peasants bring them very close in spiritual rela- men and women carrying birch branches in their tionship to our own forbears for they are the most hands. Had MacBeth been in Dalecarlia on any midsummer’s day within the memory of man, he might readily have been excused for believing that the woods of Dunsinane (or of Siljanskogen) were ap¬ proaching his castle. Such pretty customs give the lie to the for¬ eigner’s first impres¬ sion that the Swedish countryman is some¬ what solemn and lack¬ ing in imagination, for while it is true that they lack the efferves¬ cent gaiety of the Photo by Hallctt Johnson Frenchman and are A SIXTEENTH CENTURY HOUSE somewhat shy, they 276 *fHE^MERICAN J'OKEIGN gEKVICE JOURNAL possess great funds of quiet gaiety and an ex¬ Sweden than they are with us. And with it all traordinary depth of imagination. This is evi¬ they are kindly towards each other and towards dent to anyone who has read that wonderful their dogs and their horses; they are hard to book by Selma Lagerlof, descriptive of an¬ anger, but once given good cause beware their other province and called GOSTA BERLING, berserk rage. Since the time of King Knut or which is full of the most vivid imagination of the overrunning of Europe of the troops of from cover to cover. It is through his imagina¬ Charles XII the fighting qualities of the Swede tion that the Swedish peasant keeps alive his have never been doubted. folk-lore and even believes in many harmless These sturdy peasants, when they come to and amusing superstitions. It would be surpris¬ our country, show themselves to be entirely ing for a hard-headed Yankee to meet a Dale- adaptable and while they take advantage of the carlian girl strolling through the Dales in the great opportunities we offer them, they assume middle of a summer night with no apparent ob¬ the full duties of citizenship and are loyal jective, but if he watched her carefully he would see her pick seven different kinds of white Americans, while never forgetting their original flowers and take them home. If the visitor homeland. It is because of such characteristics from New England should inquire of the wan¬ that we are glad to see numbers of the finest kind dering maiden the object of her search he would of emigrants asking to have their passports receive no reply for according to the old tale visaed for America in our Consulate General in she would believe that if she maintained perfect Stockholm. silence and upon her return home placed the It may be true that in Sweden there is not an seven white flowers unalloyed enthusiasm at under her pillow she the departure of her would in dreamland see sons from their own the face of her future country, but as I re¬ husband. marked in a speech dur¬ It is a delight to be ing the recent Swedish- traveling through Dale- American Week held in carlia and if you do connection with the not meet such maidens Gothenburg Exposition, at midnight you at even those holding a least see them in the brief against leaving long summer evenings home sometimes d a n c i n g with the change their mind as young men of their in the case of a certain choice on the little old Irishman. It seems wooden platforms that Pat was addicted which spring up like to the use of maxims mushrooms in every upon every possible country village with occasion and his son the approach of sum¬ tired so of hearing mer. They are not them that much to likely to be riotous or Pat’s disgust he ran noisy in their enjoy¬ away from home. Up¬ ment, but they are so on his son’s return in evidently having a rags a year later his good time that it is a father refused him ad- pleasure to watch rn ittance saying: them. Contentment and “Micky, me boy, a roll¬ quiet fun is their ob¬ ing stone gathers no jective rather than moss.” Mickey fared riotous gaiety and this forth again and this may explain the fact time we will imagine that law and order are Photo by Hallett Johnson that he went to the respected far more in BED IN THE WALL 'United States. In any 277 r JTHEj^MERICANpOKEIGNgERVICE JOURNAL event he succeeded and on returning home a year this, can Your men help me to do any good in or two later was not dressed in rags, but in a silk making me into the enrollment, because I have hat, yellow gloves and shiny shoes. Pat, upon my elder mother here—she is unable to support seeing these outward evidences of success threw herself, so I think she best is in here in also his arms around his son and changing his maxim order I can foster my mother if doing that. If to suit the occasion, shouted: “Micky, me lad, you could do that I have many friends who are the rambling bee gathers the honey.” And Dale- in the same inclination as I am. For this pur¬ carlians usually bring back the honey when they pose I will have to entreat Your Honour to revisit their native land. allow me in this, and oblige. Yours very faithfully, servant, BROUGHT UP TO BE A Y. S. D. SOLDIER -—From J. K. Davis. Sir,—I beg to inform you that, being gladly to change my radical, I want to enrol into the American Tribe (or subject, as I dislike to stay CANDIDATE—CLERKSHIP here more on account of the unmannerly habit To His Excellency the (also dirty). I therefore would like Your Ambassador of United States, Honour to favour me, in permitting this, a par¬ Dear Sir:— ticular or regulation regarding the custom of I am encouraged by my knowledge of your Your country. Notwithstanding I willing to go kindness to beg your most valuable assistance with abroad but there is something to prevent me in regard to the difficulties which at present sur¬ the impossibly start of passage fare, so I desire the best way is, going to adequate as a sailor round me. on some of your Man of War, so that we can I, a native of N . . . K . . ., nineteen years of start without obstruction. I am verily liking to age, have been studied the English in a period of act as a soldier or sailor, as my grandfather was six years in S . . . C . . . University, moreover, the Major General when he was lived: It is also I have a fair knowledge of Chinese. According to say that the soldier is the basis of the higher the time of one year’s ago, I am still a reach and highest officialism, whether it is a way in family, after the second revolution broken out. uiy whole family, but my mother, were dead in the cannon-shot, and I sud¬ denly became a poor and hypochondriac young man. By the compeling of livelihood I was obliged to come here for finding my relation, sorry he had moved away. At present I have not any money to support my daily expense, and I have no friend here. P is true that I am in a very brink of misery and ruin. Be that as it may, I ven¬ ture to apply to you as a candidate-clerkship in your noble council. Photo by Hallett Johnson J shall anxiously await LEAVING CHURCH your reply. 278 American Foreign Service Association Report of Executive Committee for the year 1926-27, THE Executive Committee has the honor to providing for the annual election of a President, submit the following report covering the Vice President and Executive Committee by an activities of the Association during the Electoral College composed of officers detailed past year. to the Department and chosen by a referendum At the second annual meeting of the Associa¬ vote of the active membership of the Associa¬ tion held in the Department on , 1926, tion. This amendment which went into effect Messrs. Nelson T. Johnson, Frederic R. Dol- immediately and under which the officers for beare and Stokeley W. Morgan were elected the year 1927-28 have already been elected was members of the Executive Committee to fill the proposed by the Executive Committee upon the vacancies created by the transfer to the field of recommendation of a special committee com¬ Messrs. White. Totten and Reed. Messrs. Wil¬ posed of Messrs. Frederick T. F. Dumont, liam Dawson and Coert du Bois remained on Chairman, and J. Theodore Marriner and J. the Committee from the previous year. Klahr Huddle. At its first meeting the Executive Commit¬ A second amendment extending the powers tee selected Mr. Dawson and Mr. Dolbeare as of the Executive Committee with reference to its Chairman and Vice Chairman, respectively. the handling of funds and authorizing, under There has been no change in the personnel of certain limitations, the use of the funds of the the Committee during the year except those re¬ Association for the assistance of members, was sulting from the transfers of Messrs. Dolbeare likewise approved at the general meeting held and du Bois, whose places were not filled owing on December 6, 1926, subject to ratification by to the impending election of a new Committee. a majority of the active membership. This The other officers of the association, as amendment was subsequently duly ratified by a elected by the Executive Committee in July, majority vote and is now in effect. 1926, in accordance with the Articles of Asso¬ In view of the foregoing amendments and in ciation have been as follows : order to make available, in particular to the field Secretary-Treasurer of the Association, Mr. members, information concerning the Associa¬ Wallace S. Murray. tion and their rights and duties, the Executive Editor of the JOURNAL, Mr. Felix Cole. Committee has had printed and distributed as a supplement to the July issue of the JOURNAL the Associate Editors of the JOURNAL, Messrs. J. Theodore Marriner and William W. Heard. Articles of Association as they now stand. Business Manager of the JOURNAL, Mr. Frank Thanks to the efficient and untiring efforts of C. Lee. the Editor and Business Manager and their as¬ Associate Business Managers of the JOURNAL, sociates the JOURNAL has been published regu¬ Messrs. Monnett B. Davis and Eugene M. Hinkle. larly and has maintained a uniformly high Treasurer of the JOURNAL, Mr. Fletcher standard. Warren. During the past year, the Editor has with the Chairman of the Luncheon Committee, Mr. approval of the Executive Committee undertaken George Wadsworth. to enlist the cooperation of a number of corre¬ All of the foregoing officers are still serving spondents abroad with a view to obtaining a in the capacities indicated and the Executive greater amount of information concerning the Committee desires to take advantage of this op¬ personal activities of the members. This plan is portunity to express to them its cordial and meeting with a cordial response and will, it is grateful appreciation of their willing and effi¬ believed, considerably augment the usefulness and cient cooperation. interest of the JOURNAL. A general meeting of the Association was The greatest credit is due to Mr. Wadsworth held in the Department on December 6, 1926, for his exceedingly successful handling of the for the purpose of considering certain amend¬ luncheons of the Association. Acknowledgment ments to the Articles of Association proposed should likewise be made of the cooperation of the by the Executive Committee. pupils of the Foreign Service School who have At this meeting an amendment was adopted assisted Mr. Wadsworth during the winter. 2/9 HE 1ERICAN L_ T j^ f OREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL-

The Executive Committee has had some corre¬ As is customary the reports of the Secretary- spondence during the year with Mr. Herman E. Treasurer, Business Manager of the JOURNAL Gasch who is interested in establishing a Foreign and Treasurer of the JOURNAL are submitted Service club in premises situated at 1729 G separately by those officers. Street, Northwest. While recognizing the ad¬ Attention should be called to the impending re¬ vantages which such a club would afford and the ceipt by the Association of the sum of $8,268.20 desirability of the site suggested, the Committee about to be turned over to it by the former Amer¬ has not been able to convince itself of the prac¬ ican Consular Association. With this addition ticability of any proposals submitted to it thus far. to its funds the Association will commence the The question of obtaining group insurance for fiscal year 1927-28 with a balance on hand of Foreign Service officers has been in the minds of a number of officers for some years and has been $9,647.43. Under the present articles the Exec¬ discussed from time to time by the Executive utive Committee is authorized to make loans or Committee and its predecessors. The matter has donations from these funds subject to certain recently taken concrete form, thanks to the in¬ restrictions. The Committee is likewise author¬ terest and efforts of Consul General Edward S. ized to invest in interest bearing securities of the Cunningham, who, with the assistance of Messrs. United States any of the surplus funds of the Higgins, Trammell, and Hinkle, made a careful Association. The retiring Committee has re¬ study of group insurance during a recent visit to frained from so investing any funds in view of Washington. A number of insurance companies the short time intervening between the ratifica¬ have shown interest and have submitted proposals tion of the amendment authorizing the invest¬ which the Executive Committee is turning over ment and the end of its term of office. to its successors in office. The Committee ven¬ tures to express the opinion that this question is William Dawson, Chairman, one of the most important now awaiting the con¬ Nelson T. Johnson, sideration of the Association. Stokeley W. Morgan. Financial Statement THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION For the Fiscal Year From July 1, 1926, to , 1927 Receipts Disbursements Balance from fiscal year 1925-26.... $1,123.53 Subsidy to AMERICAN FOREIGN SERV¬ Annual dues 2,777.34 ICE JOURNAL $2,168.00 Funds transferred by Consular Asso¬ Clerical assistance 240.00 ciation 303.29 Reimbursements and refunds 11.00 Reimbursements 25.00 Charge on draft .25 Flowers for funerals 60.59 Supplies, printing, photos, frames, etc. 64.50 Telegrams 2.30

$2,546.64 Amount on hand (checking account and cash) 1,682.52

$4,229.16 $4,229.16 I hereby certify that the above is a true and correct account of all moneys received and dis¬ bursed by me as Secretary-Treasurer of the American Foreign Service Association, for the period July 1, 1926, to June 30, 1927.

Signed this 11th day of July, at Washington, D. C. WALLACE SMITH MURRAY, Secretary-Treasurer. 280 Wallace S. Murray, Secretary-Treasurer In Account With THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION For the Period June 1-30, 1927

Receipts Disbursements Balance in checking account $1,025.95 AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOUR¬ Checks and cash deposited on May 31 265.00 NAL June share dues $120.00 Cash on hand 3.28 Harry A. Havens, salary for June. .. 20.00 $140.00 $1,294.23 Balance carried forward checking ac¬ count $1,150.95 Dues received, 26-27 regular, 26 at $5 130.00 Balance carried forward, checks and Dues received, 27-28 regular, 15 at $5 75.00 cash for deposit 508.29 Dues received, 26-27 associate, 4 at $5 20.00 Balance carried forward in cash on From Consular Association 303.29 hand 23.28 $528.29 $1,682.52

Total receipts $1,822.52 Total disbursements $1,822.52

I hereby certify that the above is a true and correct account of all moneys received and dis¬ bursed by me as Secretary-Treasurer of the American Foreign Service Association, for the period June 1-30, 1927.

Signed this 11th day of July, A. D., 1927, in the WALLACE SMITH MURRAY, City of Washington, District of Columbia. Secretary-Treasurer. Annual Report of the Business Manager American Foreign Service Journal

June 30, 1927 THE Management takes pleasure in reporting beginning of the year, Mr. Eugene M. Hinkle that the past year, the first one in which the was elected to the position of Associate Business JOURNAL has been operating on its own Manager made vacant by the resignation of Mr. financially, has been successful from a business H. L. Williamson, and Mr. Fletcher Warren was standpoint, the funds on hand at the end of the elected to the position of Treasurer in place of the year indicate that there has been a consider¬ Mr. Hugh S. Fullerton. able profit. 2. Administration. 1. Business Organization. It will be remembered that the Executive Committee in a meeting of January 11, 1926, ap¬ The business staff of the JOURNAL has re¬ proved the Manager’s suggestion to the effect that mained the same throughout the year. At the (Continued on page 305) 281 fJrHE^MERICAN Ji OKEIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

MARVELOUS, INDEED Dear Friend: I am now on my last lap of my trip around FOREIGN S the world, after my call on you and getting a kodak of you. Was a pleasure to of met up with you, and to see your quarters, finding you so well taken PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AMERICAN FOREIGN care of, for Americans that never travel won¬ SERVICE ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. C. der how and where you are housed, so find you The American Foreign Service Journal is published monthly well cared for, and congratulate you on your by the American Foreign Service Association, and is distributed position. America intrusting her cares on you. by the Association to its members gratis. The Journal is also open to private subscription in the United States and abroad Marvelous. at the rate of $1.00 a year, or 35 cents a copy, payable to the I did so enjoy my European travels, a day at American Foreign Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. and got to see the Pope, so The purposes of the Journal are (1) to serve as an exchange going home to stay put for a while after six among American Foreign Service officers for personal news and months of constant travel. for information and opinions respecting the proper discharge of their functions, and to keep them in touch with business and Many thanks for your kindness to me during administrative developments which are of moment to them; and (2) to disseminate information respecting the work of the my call on you. Best of good wishes to you and Foreign Service among interested persons in the United States, family. including business men and others having interests abroad, and young men who may be considering the foreign Service as a Very sincerely yours, career. Propaganda and articles of a tendentious nature, especially such as might be aimed to influence legislative, executive or administrative action with respect to the Foreign Service, or the Department of State, are rigidly excluded from its columns. Contributions should be addressed to the American Foreign WEARED PENCES Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. P Pleas, Copyright, 1927, by the American Foreign Service Association When my mother went to America I asked her to buy me a pair of clothes but she said that she CONTENTS hasen’t enough money for her steamship ticket, and now my pences* are begining to ter up and I have no other money to buy any others because at the end of the month I just have enough to pay

PEASANTS OF DELARNE—By H. Johnson.... 273 to Mr. C the meal and the others. I kindly beg you Mr. P to see if you have FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION : a pair of weared pences* to give me until my Report of Executive Committee 279 mother will be able to send me money to comand a good pair of clothes. Financial Statement 279 I am, FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL—Report of Busi¬ Very respectfully yours, ness Manager 281 E. H. *Mr. P- provided the petitioner with a pair ITEMS 283 of pants. FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL—Annual State¬

ment 287 Shortly after Form 228, Declaration of Alien FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION—Business About to Depart for the United States, was insti¬ Mecting 287 tuted, some years ago, a British subject applied FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES 293 at the Singapore Consulate General for visa of his passport to enable him to proceed to Manila. COMMERCIAL 294 This is one of his answers to the questionnaire: MARRIAGES 296 “I have previously resided in the Philippine Islands, as follows: Manila, Maternity Hospital, BIRTHS 296 March 3-15, 1886. Object of residence: Being PACIFIC FOREIGN TRADE COUNCIL 297 born.” 282 ITEMS

THE President has appointed Mr. Nelson T. The following successful candidates in the re¬ Johnson, Foreign Service Officer of Class 1, cent examination for the Foreign Service have an Assistant Secretary of State. Mr. John¬ been appointed Foreign Service Officers, unclassi¬ son executed the oath of office and entered upon fied ($2,500) and instructed to report to the De¬ his duties on August 15. partment for duty on , 1927: Glenn A. Abbey. Mr. Miles Poindexter, Ambassador to Peru, George M. Abbott. sailed from Callao on August 10 for the United James C. H. Bonbright. States, accompanied by Mrs. Poindexter. Sidney H. Browne, Jr. Vinton Chapin. American Minister John Van A. MacMurray, Peking, departed for his post on August 12 for Paul C. Daniels. the United States. During the Minister’s ab¬ Landreth M. Harrison. sence the Legation will be in charge of Counselor Terry S. Hinkle. Ferdinand L. Mayer. James C. King. Bruce Lancaster. Teacher: Willie, what is an embassy? Charles A. Page. Willie: A place where transatlantic flyers Alan S. Rogers. change their clothes.—Life. Roger Sumner. John T. Wainwright. Ambassador Myron T. Herrick, Paris, who was Thomas C. Wasson. operated on at a hospital in , has re¬ George H. Winters. covered sufficiently to return to his estate at Chagrin Falls, where he expects to remain sev¬ eral weeks to convalesce. On a bomb was exploded in front of the American Consulate at Nice, breaking the On luly 27 American Minister Frederick A. windows of the office, but fortunately no one was Sterling, , presented his credentials to the hurt. Consul J. Lee Murphy, who was in charge Government of the . I he Min¬ at the time, informed newspaper correspondents ister was escorted from the Consulate General by that he had received many threatening letters re¬ a troop of cavalry of the Saorstat Army. cently concerning the Sacco-V anzetti case, and it According to one newspaper account of the was presumed that the bombing was the work of ceremonies, “all civil participants in the reception some one who wished to make a demonstration were directed to wear full morning dress, which on behalf of these men. meant the resurrection of tall silk hats and black coats, now abandoned in Ireland except for public Consul William E. Chapman, Puerto Mexico, functions.” was severely wounded on the evening of , when two men entered the building during the Mr. Robert Woods Bliss, newly appointed Am¬ night and attempted to assassinate him. While bassador to Argentina, sailed from New York for the wounds were severe, the latest reports indi¬ Buenos Aires on August 13 on the S. S. Ameri¬ cate that Mr. Chapman is slowly improving and can Legion. will soon be completely restored to health. 1 he Consul General Robert Frazer. Jr., assigned motive for the attack has not been made clear, for duty as an inspector, returned to Washing¬ though it is possible that the Consul may have ton the early part of August. Consul General and incurred the enmity of certain persons engaged Mrs. Frazer will spend their leave at Cape Cock in the illicit liquor traffic with the United States. 283 ^HE^MERICAN J’QREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

Consul Charles Forman, Buenaventura, sailed from his post for the United States on August 5.

Diplomatic Secretary W. Roswell Barker, Peking, has keen granted 60 days’ leave of absence, with permission to visit the United States, to be availed of during the present calendar year.

Consul Donald F. Bigelow, who has re¬ ported for duty in the Department, has been temporarily assigned for duty in con¬ < 't nection with the forthcoming Interparlia¬ < •- b s mentary Commercial Conference to be held £ .g s 2 in Rio de Janeiro in September. PL T'-S-I o £ SO V Vice Consul Charles W. Allerr; recently 0 assigned to North Bay, called at the De¬ H 52 8 -8 partment en route to his post. L o "§ s b Vice Consul C. H. Hall, Jr., Port Lliza- beth, is now in the United States on leave of absence, which he is spending in Balti¬ more.

Mr. Roy W. Fox, formerly Vice Consul at , has been appointed clerk to the Customs Attache at Berlin.

Diplomatic Secretary Paul Mayo, Brus¬ sels, who has been in the United States on leave, returned to his post on August 1.

Mrs. Francis H. Styles, wife of the Con¬ sul at Durban, accompanied by her young son, Michael, is visiting her parents, Gen¬ eral and Mrs. Rufus H. Lane, U. S. M. C., at Falls Church, Va.

The Consulate at Newcastle, New South z b ’ Wales, has been changed to a Consular < -S C Agency, while the agency at Brisbane has y Q I been raised to a consulate. Consul Robert L. Rankin will be in charge of the new office.

Foreign Service Inspectors were last heard from at the following places: Consul General Thomas M. Wilson, en O 5 route to Constantinople. 284 Consul General Louis G. Dreyfus, Jr., Paris. schools of the District and at the Friends’ School Consul General Samuel T. Lee, Bluefields. in Washington. After two years in George Wash¬ Diplomatic Secretary Matthew E. Hanna, Oslo. ington University he entered the Service in 1907 Consul Keith Merrill, Santo Domingo City. as student interpreter, and was sent to China, where he served until 1918, passing through the Consul General John K. Caldwell, Department, various grades from student interpreter to Consul and family, spent their vacation at Cape Cod. of Class VI. In 1918 he was assigned to the Department of State, and in 1921 was attached to the American Delegation to the Disarmament Consul General William Dawson, Department, Conference as an expert assistant. Following is spending his vacation visiting relatives in Min¬ this Mr. Johnson was made Consul General at nesota. Large in November, 1921, and inspected offices in the Far East until the Spring of 1925, when Consul Graham H. Kemper, Yokohama, spent he was detailed to the Department, where, in July, one week of his leave in Washington, afterwards he was made Chief of the Division of Far Eastern proceeding to his home. This is Consul Kemp¬ Affairs. On the reorganization of the Service er’s first visit to the United States since the on July 1, 1924, he was made Consul of Class II. Japanese earthquake, which occurred in Septem¬ ber, 1923.

Vice Consul John F. Huddleston, , called at the Department lie fore proceeding to his home at Lakewood, Ohio, where he will spend his leave.

Diplomatic Secretary Copley Amory, Jr., Te¬ heran, is dividing his leave between Boston and .

Vice Consul Pattie Field, Rotterdam, who has been in the United States on leave, returned to her post on August 6.

Vice Consul H. Eric Trammell, recently as¬ signed to Guatemala City, sailed for his post on August 6. NELSON T. JOHNSON AP¬ POINTED ASSISTANT SEC¬ RETARY OF STATE The appointment of Nelson Trusler Johnson, Foreign Service Officer of Class II, to be an Assistant Secretary of State, which was an¬ nounced on August 12, is sure to be greeted by the entire Foreign Service with pleasure in the deserved recognition of long and able service and gratification at the recognition extended by Harris & Ewing the President to the Service as such. Mr. Johnson was born in Washington, D. C., NELSON TRUSLER JOHNSON on April 3, 1887, and was educated in the public Assistant Secretary of State 285 r lJlHE^MERICAN p OREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL^

The Hon. William Phillips, United States Diplomatic Secretary Dana G. Munro, who has Minister to Canada, will reside at 66 Cartier been spending his leave in Washington, sailed for Street, the residence of Mrs. Edward F. Fau¬ Managua on August 9. quier, during her absence in England. Mr. Phil¬ lips has left for his summer home in northern Vice Consul Samuel E. Green, Sofia, is spend¬ Maine, and during his absence Mr. H. Dorsey ing his leave of absence at his home in Baltimore. Newton will act as Charge d’Affaires of the Legation. Mr. Harry A. Havens, Assistant Chief, Divi¬ On July 1 the Ottawa jubilee program was sion of Foreign Service Administration, spend a given to the public in Riviere du Loup by Clerk vacation at his home in Whitehall, N. Y. Casper de Olivares, of the consulate there, from a balcony of the city hall, by means of his At- On August 2 members of the Division of East¬ water-Kent set. ern European Affairs presented a silver loving cup to Isaac Edwards, messenger in the Depart¬ ment, for faithful service covering a period of 25 years. Edwards, born in 1882, was appointed a tem¬ porary laborer for a term of three months in the office of the Secretary of War in 1899, became a laborer in the State Department in 1902, and an assistant messenger under civil service rules in 1906. He became a messenger for the Depart¬ ment in 1921. The inscription on the cup read: “Division of Eastern European Affairs to Isaac A. Edwards for faithful service in the Depart¬ ment of State on the 25th anniversary of his ap¬ pointment, August 1, 1927.” Upon becoming a messenger he became Mr. Adee’s messenger and continued in that capacity until Mr. Adee’s death.

James D. Summers has been appointed Trade Commissioner to investigate the market for aero¬ nautical products and is to be stationed at Panama City, Panama.

Thirty countries were represented at a luncheon given by the Liverpool Consular Corps to bid farewell to their president, Mr. Leo J. Keena. Mr. J. F. Caroe, Consul for Denmark, pre¬ sided, and shipping and trade interests were strongly represented. Letters were received from the lord mayor, Sir Thomas Royden (Cunard Steamship Company, Ltd.), Lieut. Col. A. Buck- ley (chairman, Chamber of Commerce), Mr. R.D. Holt (chairman, Mersey Docks and Harbor Board), and others, who were unable to attend, paying high tributes to Mr. Keena’s meritorious work during his three years in the port and city. At the suggestion of the chairman, it was agreed that greetings should be sent to Mrs. and Miss Keena in Paris. The staff of the Liverpool Consulate presented Harris & Ewing Mr. Keena with a silver cigarette box in memory HENRY WHITE of their service together. Died , 1927 Mr. Keena left Liverpool on . 286 r rpHE^MERICANpOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

American Foreign Service Journal ANNUAL STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS (July 1, 1926-/unc 30, 1927)

Receipts Disbursements Balance from year 1925-1926 $2,408.56 Albert A. Knopf Co.—American Sec- American Secretaries of State—Felix retaries of State $8.4 Cole 9.60 Business trio bv Business Manager. 100.0 Advertising 4,670.89 Clerical assistance 407.40 Association payments for year 2,048.00 Envelopes 151.95 Miscellaneous 5.02 Photos and prints 24.00 Refund of expense money by Busi¬ Postage 600.00 ness Manager 40.00 Printing 5,500.17 Refund of postage for year 290.96 Refund of subscriptions 12.35 Sale of extra copies of JOURNAL and Savings account 1,500.00 subscriptions 405.45 Stencils 8.76 Telegrams 16.23 Total disbursements for year.. $8,329.26 Total receipts for the year $9,878.48 Total disbursements for the year. . . . 8,329.26

Balance in checking account June 30 $1,549.22 Balance in savings account, June 30.. *1,500.00

Balance carried forward Total receipts for year $9,878.48 June 30 $3,049.22 June, 1927, and a true record of receipts and * The savings account was opened on January 3, 1927, and draws interest at the rate of 3 percentum per annum, payable disbursements for the year ended June 30, 1927. July 1 and January 1. The first payment of $22.50 will be made July 1, 1927. FLETCHER WARREN, Treasurer, I certify the foregoing to be a correct state¬ American Foreign Service Journal. ment of the balance on hand this 30th day of Washington, D. C., June 30, 1927.

GENERAL BUSINESS MEET¬ Caldwell, Cole, Dawson, Dumont, Erhardt, Gal¬ braith, Heard, Hosmer, Johnson, Josslyn, Keiser, ING OF THE AMERICAN Keller. Lee, Murphy, Murray, Packer, Peck, FOREIGN SERVICE Rand, Stanton, Thaw, Wadsworth, and Warren. ASSOCIATION The Secretary read the report of the Executive Committee of which a true copy is attached , 4.30 P. M. hereto. The annual statement of the Secretary- In conformance with Section VIII of the Ar¬ Treasurer was also read, as well as the report ticles of Association of the American Foreign of the Business Manager of the JOURNAL. Upon Service Association, a general business meeting motions duly made and recorded, these reports of the Association was held on July 14, 1927, at were unanimously approved and accepted by the 4.30 p. m., in Room 212 of the Department of meeting. State for the purpose of submitting to the mem¬ There being no further business to transact, bers in Washington the annual reports of the Executive Committee, the Secretary-Treasurer, the meeting was adjourned at 5 p. m. and the Business Manager of the JOURNAL. WALLACE S. MURRAY, The following members were present: Messrs. Secretary-T reasurer. 287 ' rJTHE^MERICAN ^ OREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL

CHANGES IN FIELD SERVICE OF Baldwin, Charles F., formerly of the Press BUREAU OF FOREIGN AND Section, was appointed an Assistant Trade Com¬ DOMESTIC COMMERCE missioner and assigned to Sydney, Australia. Cook, A. Douglas, entered on duty as Assistant Montz, Miss Verna R., who for several years Trade Commissioner in Berlin. has been secretary to Assistant Director Taylor, Grab, Frederic D., was appointed an Assistant has been appointed a clerk to Trade Commis¬ Trade Commissioner to specialize in the foodstuffs sioner and assigned to the new office at Van¬ market of Venezuela with headquarters in couver. Caracas. On Mr. Kenneth M. Hill, formerly of Guinn, Paul S., formerly of the Boston Dis¬ the Specialties Division, was made an Assistant trict Office, has been appointed an Assistant Trade Trade Commission to the new office at Berne, Commissioner and assigned to The Hague Office Switzerland. to succeed Assistant Commercial Attache Phillip On July 18 Mr. Halbert E. Watkins, for many E. McKenney, who has returned to the United years in the export business, takes charge of the States. new office at Caracas, Venezuela, as Commercial Schuette, H. C., is to assist Mr. H. H. Kelly Attache. in his automotive investigations, and has been as¬ On July 18 Charles A. Livengood, formerly signed to Paris as Assistant Trade Commissioner. Trade Commissioner at Rome, has been desig¬ Summers, James D., by whose appointment as nated Commercial Attache and assigned to the Aeronautics Trade Commissioner, the bureau has Madrid Office. undertaken an entirely new type of investigation, On Assistant Trade Commissioner has his headquarters in Panama City. De Forest A. Spencer was transferred from Tewksbury, Howard H., who has been District to the Rome Office. Manager of the Detroit District Office, has been appointed Trade Commissioner to Buenos Aires, CHANGES IN MILITARY ATTACHE AND Argentina. LANGUAGE OFFICER PERSONNEL Hill, Benjamin D., for several years a tobacco Maj. William W. Hicks will leave about the specialist in the Foodstuffs Division, has been middle of August for duty as Military Attache appointed a Trade Commissioner to conduct a to Austria and . After a short thorough investigation of European tobacco mar¬ period of duty in Vienna the office will be kets, and assigned to Brussels, Belgium. moved to Prague, where Major Hicks will be per¬ Lane, Clayton, formerly Assistant Chief of the manently stationed. Regional Information Division, has been made a Trade Commissioner to Vienna, Austria. Maj. Edwin M. Watson recently sailed to as¬ Lyon, Charles E., has been made a Commercial sume his duties as Military Attache to Belgium Attache and transferred from to take and the Netherlands, with station in Brussels, re¬ charge of our new office at Berne, Switzerland. lieving Maj. Donald C. McDonald, who sailed for Foster, Julian B., Trade Commissioner, has the United States the latter part of July. been transferred from Sydney to the new office at Wellington, New Zealand, which will be Capt. Plugh Barclay returned to the United opened about September 1. States the last of June, having been relieved as Hertz, Walter B., has been made a Trade Com¬ Military Attache to . A successor has not missioner to conduct leather investigations, with yet been appointed. headquarters at Hamburg, . Lee, Frederic E., has been appointed a Trade Col. James Hanson will be relieved as Military Commissioner at London, England. Attache to Chile in November, 1927, by Col. Mann, William D., Assistant Trade Commis¬ Thomas F. Dwyer. sioner, is being transferred from Alexandria to Cairo, Egypt. Maj. James A. Gillespie will leave in August Nones, Hiram T., for several years Assistant for duty as Military Attache to Colombia and Chief of the Textile Division, has been appointed Venezuela, with station at Bogota. Assistant Trade Commissioner to conduct textile investigations in the Near East. Capt. Henry C. Clark returned to the United Butts, Thomas, formerly Assistant Chief of the States the middle of June on the expiration of Machinery Division, has been made a Trade Com¬ his tour of duty as Military Attache to Cuba. A missioner to Paris, France. successor has not yet been appointed. 288 r_ »JHE^MERICANpOREIGN ^ERYICE JOURNAL

Lieut. Col. William I. Westervelt returned to Passed Asst. Surg. L. A. Fullerton. Directed the United States the latter part of June, having to proceed from Oslo, Norway, to Berlin, Ger¬ been relieved as Assistant Military Attache in many, for examination, August 1, for promotion. Paris. Asst. Surg. A. J. Aselmeyer. Relieved from duty at Washington, D. C„ and assigned to duty Maj. George E. A. Reinburg has been ap¬ at Naples, Italy. pointed Assistant Military Attache in Berlin and Asst. Surg. R. A. Vonderlehr. Relieved from will leave in a short time. duty at Washington, D. C., and assigned to duty at Cobh, Irish Free State. Maj. John A. Baird will be relieved about Au¬ Surg. W. C. Billings. Relieved from duty at gust 1 as Assistant Military Attache in London New York City and assigned to duty at Liverpool, by Lieut. John C. MacArthur. Lieut. Col. Ken¬ England. yon A. Joyce will be relieved the last of August Surg. J. S. Boggess. Relieved from duty at as Military Attache in London by Col. John R. Detroit, Mich., and assigned to duty at London, Thomas, Jr. England. Surg. M. V. Ziegler. Relieved from duty at Maj. Martin F. Scanlon is en route to the Cobh, Irish Free State, and assigned to duty at United States, having been relieved as Assistant Prague, Czechoslovakia. Military Attache in Rome by Maj. George E. Passed Asst. Surg. W. Y. Hollingsworth. Lovell, Jr. Relieved from duty at Antwerp, Belgium, and assigned to duty at Palermo, Italy. Lieut. Col. Edward Davis arrived in Washing¬ Asst. Surg. F. J. Halpin. Relieved from duty ton early in July, having been relieved as Military at Hongkong, China, upon arrival of Asst. Surg. Attache to Mexico. A successor has not yet been F. C. Stewart, and assigned to duty at Washing¬ appointed. ton, D. C., August 6, 1927. A. A. Surg. L. M. Taylor. Relieved from duty Capt. George O. Clark, Lieut. Robert J. Hoff¬ at Galveston, Tex., upon arrival of A. A. Surg. man, and Lieut. Thomas G. Cranford have re¬ Fleetwood Gruver, and assigned to duty at Tam¬ turned to the United States, following a four-year pico, Mexico, August 8, 1927. course of study of the Japanese language in A. A. Surg. Fleetwood Gruver. Relieved from Tokyo. The vacancies thus caused have been duty at Tampico, Mexico, and assigned to duty filled by Capt. Coleman F. Driver, Capt. Tobin C. at the Quarantine Station, Galveston, Tex., Au¬ Rote, and Lieut. E. Carl Engelhart. gust 6, 1927. Capt. Marvil G. Armstrong and Capt. Samuel V. Constant have been relieved as language offi¬ FROM MADRID cers and Assistant Military Attaches in Peking. Consul Richard Ford, newly assigned to Sevilla, Lieut. Morris B. DePass, Lieut. Clarence J. Ka- was a recent caller at the consulate in Madrid naga, and Lieut. Thomas D. White have been de¬ while en route from the frontier to his new post. tailed as language officers at Peking. Capt. Thomas J. Betts, Capt. John P. Ratay, and Lieut. David D. Barrett, the senior language officers in Consul John S. Calvert, who has been assigned Peking, has been appointed Assistant Military to the Consulate General at Barcelona since No¬ Attaches. vember 27, 1923, departed for the United States July 2 on 60 days’ leave of absence at his home in Raleigh, N. C. UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE The members of the Canadian and American Surg. R. M. Grimm. Relieved from duty at colonies in Barcelona, including the members of Washington, D. C., and assigned to duty at An¬ twerp, Belgium. the staff of the American Consulate General, Surg. D. E. Robinson. Relieved from duty at joined together in celebration of their national London, England, and assigned to duty at Naples, holidays, July 1 and July 4, respectively, by giv¬ Italy. ing a dinner dance at the Ritz Hotel on the night Surg. L. O. Weldon. Relieved from duty at of July 2. Officers from the United States de¬ Liverpool, England, and assigned to duty at stroyers Smith Thompson and John D. Echmrds, Genoa, Italy. visiting Barcelona at the time, were present. 289 r 'J'HE^MERICAN pOREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL

Vice Consul Courtland Christiani, of Cardiff, Mrs. Frederick M. Ryder, wife of Consul Gen¬ spent part of his leave of absence in during eral Ryder, retired, recently returned to her home July. He formerly was Vice Consul at Barcelona. at after an extended visit in France.

Col. Charles O. Shepard, first American Consul at Yedo (now Tokyo), Japan, and Charge d’Af- Mrs. Robert E. Leary and little son recently faires in Japan successively from 1868 to 1874, arrived in Vancouver, via the Panama Canal from has an article in the July number of the maga¬ Palermo, to join Mr. Leary, who has been ap¬ zine Japan relating his experiences during the pointed Vice Consul at Vancouver. trip from Washington to his post. The assigning of an officer in those days apparently was a simple affair, for he says, “I was furnished with a pass¬ FROM SINGAPORE port, a copy of the Consular Regulations, and a bunch of blank legal forms, and then was turned Minister Harold O. Mackenzie passed through loose on the unsuspecting world.” Sinapore on on the way to his new post He traveled to on the Union at Bangkok. He traveled from America by the Pacific Railway during the first week of its oper¬ Pacific route. ation as a passenger carrier, and made the trip across the Pacific in a paddle-wheel steamer. Two months were allowed by the Department for the Consul General Southard spent practically all journey from Washington to Japan. of June traveling on official business to Surabaya, Colonel Shepard, now nearing his ninetieth year, Batavia, Medan, and Penang. At the first place resides in Pasadena, Calif. he found Consul Groth busier even than the proverbial bee trying to run an active office with¬ out a Vice Consul, but still with time for keeping The staff of the Embassy moved on July 2 and 3 up his contacts. In Batavia the Consulate General to San Sebastian for the summer. and the Trade Commissioner’s office have devel¬ oped a commendable cooperation. Hoover and FROM VANCOUVER Renshaw each have good words for the other, even when the other isn’t within hearing distance. The Consul L. R. Blohm and family, of Vancouver, leading Dutch planters at Medan told Consul Gen¬ are enjoying home leave by touring the North¬ eral Southard that if Redecker would devote the western States. same conscientious energy to running a planta¬ tion that he gave to the American Consulate he Mrs. George A. Bucklin, wife of the American could easily clear a hundred thousand dollars a Consul at Victoria, British Columbia, recently re¬ year under the prevailing bonus system in that turned from a visit to tourist resorts in southern opulent colony. At Penang the office was found Alaska. running with smooth efficiency, notwithstanding the demands recently made on Ebling’s time in Mr. E. Carleton Baker, formerly American putting over his successful real estate deal on Consul General at Mukden, was a recent visitor behalf of the United States Government. Ebling at the Consulate General at Vancouver. appears to consider it regrettable that the newly purchased building will begin its consular career as a bachelor’s residence, but doesn’t see how he The parents of Vice Consul Sidney A. Belov- can help it just now. sky, Vancouver, Mr. and Mrs. A. Belovsky, of , N. Y., are visiting him. In keeping with the local usage, Consul General Vivian, the eldest daughter of Consul and Mrs. and Mrs. Charles L. Hoover gave a reception on H. S. Tewell, Vancouver, recently underwent May 24, 1927, in celebration of the elevation of operations for mastoiditis and vein infection. Al¬ the Batavia office to a Consulate General. Over though seriously ill, hope for her recovery is now 300 guests were present and a Hawaiian orchestra entertained. provided music for dancing. 290 r _ »JHE^MERICAN p OREIGN yKVICE (JOURNAL

Consul General and Mrs. Southard gave a re¬ ception at their home for the officers of the Ar¬ IN THE NATION’S CAPITAL gentinian naval training ship, President Sarmiento, which stopped at Singapore recently. The Singa¬ CUBE’S FLOWERS pore Consulate General represents the interests of Argentina. OF COURSE! Glide—Florist Consul General Charles L. Hoover. Batavia, has recently returned from a few weeks’ vacation at 1212 F St. N. W. 1102 Conn. Ave. N. W. Darjeeling, . WASHINGTON, D. C. TELEPHONE MAIN 4278 Dr. A. Horace Hamilton, formerly of the Gov¬ Flowers via Telegraph—Anywhere—Any Time ernment Health Service of the State of and later of the Philippine Department of Public Instruction, has recently joined the staff of the Batavia Consulate General. The U. S. S. Detroit (cruiser), Vice Admiral Guy H. Burrage, U. S. N., commanding, visited Consul Edward M. Groth. Surabaya, recently Edinburgh -20, 1927. Admiral Burrage climbed the famous Idjen Plateau of East Java. laid a wreath at the National Scottish War Memo¬ The plateau is the crater floor of a gigantic vol¬ cano, which has now been quiet for centuries. rial during the opening ceremony, which was per¬ He reports that the view from the top, which is formed on July 14, 1927, by His Royal Highness, about 7,000 feet above sea level, is one of the the Prince of Wales. He was afterwards pre¬ finest in Java. sented to their majesties, the King and Queen and to the prince. Vice Consul Edwin McKee left Singapore The admiral and a number of his officers and for home leave of absence. He traveled their wives were invited and attended the garden by the Suez route and visited Egypt and several party given by their majesties at Holyrood Palace European cities on his way. on July 15, 1927, where the admiral, his family, and a number of his officers were presented to their majesties. Vice Consul D. M. White, Surabaya, is on home leave of absence, which he is dividing be¬ The admiral and his staff were entertained at tween Georgia and Washinyton, D. C. luncheon by Gen. Sir William Peyton, K. C. B., Scottish command, at dinner by Rear Admiral Bowring, R. N., commanding the coast of Scot¬ Robert M. J. Fellner, American clerk at Singa¬ land, and 24 officers of the navy attended a civic pore, has returned from a month’s leave, during luncheon given in their honor by the lord provost which he visited Manila and several cities in China and Japan. and corporation of Edinburgh. During part of his stay in port, Admiral and Mrs. Burrage were the house guests of the Duke and Duchess of The Fourth of July was celebrated by the Athol 1. American community of Singapore by a dinner and dance at the Adelphi Hotel. About 200 were present, and Consul General Southard made an Congressman Royal H. Weller, of New York, address appropriate to the occasion. was a recent caller at the Edinburgh Consulate.

FROM LONDON For the school year just closed Homer Brett, Consul Stillman W. Eels and Mrs. Eels are Jr., aged 12, was ranked first in his form at the spending a week’s leave in London. Mrs. Eels Nottingham High school. He is the only Ameri¬ attended the garden party held at Buck¬ can boy in the school, which has more than 600 ingham Palace. students. 291 THEAMERICAN ^pOREIGN SERVICE | JOURNAL.

Betas in Mexico now include, in addition to Wed¬ dell, Consul Lewis and Miss Josephine Bennett, FOR MORE THAN TWENTY YEARS of the Consulate General; George Wythe, Act¬ Photographers to the ing Commercial Attache of the Embassy; and Diplomatic Corps and the Vice Consul Satterthwaite, of Guadalajara; while Consular Service George W. Hinman, Jr., representing the Hearst Press; Judge D. J. Haff; and Mrs. Herbert P. HARRIS & EWING Lewis, make up the list of fratres in urbe. THE HOME OF “NATIONAL NOTABLES” Vice Consuls Harry B. Ott and Stephen it. 1313 F Street N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. Phone Main 8700 Aguirre, of Nuevo Laredo, Mexico, in charge of that post during the absence on leave of Consul Harry L. Walsh, enjoyed the distinction of being the first to talk by long-distance telephone with FROM MEXICO CITY their colleagues at Monterey and Saltillo, Mexico. The Mexican Telephone and Telegraph Company Prior to returning to Mexico City from leave, inaugurated this service by delegating the honor of Consul General Alexander M. Weddell visited the first to talk over the new line to these Ameri¬ William and Mary College at Williamsburg, Va., can consular officers. and was made a member of Alpha Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa. It will be recalled that the old college ranks next after Harvard in age, hav¬ Consul and Mrs. Harry L. Walsh and seven ing been founded in 1693. Phi Beta Kappa itself children departed on leave from Nuevo Laredo, was organized there on December 5, 1776, by a Mexico, on July 21, 1927, by automobile for Bal¬ band of young radicals, including such names as timore, Md., their home, where they contemplate Thomas Jefferson and John Marshall, while those spending their vacation. Telegraphic advices from rebellious lads, George Washington and Patrick Consul Walsh to the Nuevo Laredo Consulate on Henry, also figured as members, if not founders. stated that they were crossing the Mis¬ sissippi River at St. Louis, and on they were heard from at Terre Haute, Inch j To Members of the United States Vice Consul Gerald W. Bahl, of Monterey, } Foreign Service spent Sunday, , in Laredo, Tex. Secretary of State Kellogg, in an address before the Council on Foreign Relations, said: “FOREIGN AFFAIRS has been of real assistance to the State Department.” Mr. Hughes, while Secretary of State, FROM PARIS said: “FOREIGN AFFAIRS is one of the most * helpful contributions to a better understanding of | our foreign relations ever made by private enter- The condition of Mr. Harlan Miller, Second i prise.” Secretary of the Embassy in Paris, who was re¬ Following the suggestion of several members of J the Service, therefore, FOREIGN AFFAIRS makes cently operated on in the American Hospital in | the following special offer, good only until January Paris, has improved, although he is still seriously j A THREE YEARS’ SUBSCRIPTION ill and may have to undergo a long convalescence. FOR $10 i (three years for the price of two—a sav¬ ing to you of one-third) Mr. Edwin C. Wilson, First Secretary of the Embassy in Paris, spent several weeks of leave This offer is strictly limited to present members of the American Foreign Service. The rate is far during August at Baden Baden. below any other rate which we have ever allowed. It may apply either to new subscriptions or to re¬ newals. Our only condition is that copies of the review must be addressed in care of the Department ! of State, Washington. Mr. Louis A. Sussdorff, First Secretary of the FOREIGN AFFAIRS Legation in Riga, and Mrs. Sussdorff spent part j 25 West 4Sd St. • New York, N. Y. of their leave in Paris, leaving afterwards for a visit to The Hague. 292 »JHE^MERICANpOREIGN g^ERVICE JOURNAL

Stuart E. Grummon, now Third Secretary, The AMERICAN Hague, assigned Third Secretary, Madrid. Myron A. Hofer, now First Secretary, Monte¬ video, assigned First Secretary, Santiago, Chile. Secretaries of State Hallett Johnson, now First Secretary, Paris, and assigned First Secretary, Oslo. THEIR DIPLOMACY David McK. Key, now Vice Consul, Antwerp, (12 vols., of which 3 have appeared) commissioned a Diplomatic Secretary and assigned Third Secretary, Berlin. FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS, John H. MacVeagh, now Second Secretary, CLERKS IN THE FOREIGN Managua, assigned to the Department. SERVICE Jay Pierrepont Moffat, First Secretary, Ottawa, AND EMPLOYES OF THE detailed to the Department. STATE DEPARTMENT Dana G. Munro, First Secretary, Panama, as¬ May obtain these volumes, which sell signed First Secretary, Managua. for $4 each, at a discount of 20 percent, Edward L. Reed, now First Secretary, Berlin, if ordered through the Journal. assigned First Secretary, Brussels. ALFRED A. KNOPF Consular Branch 730 Fifth Avenue New York The following appointments, transfers, promo¬ tions, retirements under the Foreign Service Re¬ organization Act, and resignations, have occurred in the Consular Branch of the American Foreign FOREIGN SERVICE Service since , 1927: Ellis A. Bonnet, now Vice Consul, Belize, as¬ CHANGES signed Vice Consul, Piedras Negras. The following appointments, transfers, promo¬ Maurice P. Dunlap, Consul, Port au Prince, as¬ tions, retirements under the Foreign Service Re¬ signed Consul, Stockholm. organization Act, and resignations, have occurred Fred C. Eastin, Jr., Consul at Sao Paulo, has since July 11, 1927: resigned. Diplomatic Branch Robert F. Fernald, now Consul, Saloniki, as¬ signed Consul, Lagos, Nigeria, where a new con¬ Frederic R. Dolbeare, now Counselor of Lega¬ sulate will be opened. tion, Berne, assigned Counselor of Legation, Maxwell M. Hamilton, Consul, Shanghai, as¬ Ottawa. signed to the Department. Cornelius Van H. Engert, First Secretary, Samuel W. Honaker, Consul on duty in the Santiago, assigned First Secretary, Teheran. Department, assigned as Consul, Port au Prince. Gerhard Gade, now Third Secretary, Oslo, as¬ Robert D. Longyear, now Consul, , as¬ signed Third Secretary, Montevideo. signed to the Department.

A Specialty in the handling of ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN CLAIMS and Miscellaneous Collections here and abroad, New Financing, Funding of Debts, Re-organization of Foreign Firms, Incorporations Under Aimrican Laws, Financial Investigations and Credit Information is made by CARL M. J. von ZIELINSKI Foreign Trade and Financial Adviser 90 WALL STREET NEW YORK Cable Address: “Zielinski" All Standard Codes Used Agents and Correspondents in practically all parts of the world

293 r >JtHE^MERICANpORElGNgERVICE JOURNAL

Charles J. Pisar, now Consul, Rangoon, as¬ signed Consul Saloniki. Harold B. Quarton, now Consul, Coblenz, de¬ tailed Consul, Habana, his assignment to Stutt¬ gart having been canceled. Robert L. Rankin, Consul at Newcastle, Aus¬ tralia, assigned Consul, Brisbane, Australia, where a new office will be established. Sydney B. Redecker, Consul, Medan, assigned Consul, Naples. Samuel Sokobin, now Consul, Tientsin, as¬ signed Consul, Foochow. G. Russell Taggart, Consul, London, Ontario, assigned Consul, Belize. Samuel R. Thompson, now Consul, Bristol, as¬ signed Consul, Rio de Janeiro. Howard K. Travers, Consul at Naples, assigned Consul, St. Vincent, where a new office is to be established; assignment canceled, Travers to re¬ Cjreat inventions main at Naples. rise from little thoughts. Ernest A. Wakefield, Consul, Prince Rupert, assigned Consul, Ensenada. That idea of yours now Digby A. Willson, now Consul, Rio de Janeiro, slumbering in your mind assigned Consul, Bristol. ■—touch it to life! Howard F. Withey, Consul, Limoges, assigned Give it the power of Consul, London, Ontario. definite form, the force of visible design. Non-Career William C. Archibald, appointed Consular PUT IT ON PAPER t Agent at Chanaral, Chile, where an agency is V V being established. Success waits on the man Robert H. Fetner, now a clerk in the Consulate, who keeps in line with Buenaventura, has been appointed Vice Consul his thinking, that first there. friend of an active brain Franklin J. Kelley, now Vice Consul, South¬ ampton, appointed Vice Consul, Brisbane, where an office is being established. EVERSRARP Walter B. Lowrie, now Vice Consul, Port Said, the name is on the pencil appointed Vice Consul, Southampton. Clifford W. McGlasson, now Vice Consul, Made in styles and at prices to suit all tastes and all purses. Prague, appointed Vice Consul, Port Said. Alanson E. Russell, appointed Consular Agent at Tocopilla, Chile, where an agency is being es¬ tablished. Stephen C. Worster, now Vice Consul, Rosario, appointed Vice Consul, Antofagasta. Paul J. Reveley, now clerk in the Consulate, Munich, appointed a Vice Consul there.

If you cannot obtain Wahl Products locally, write COMMERCIAL direct to us During the month of July, 1927, there were 3,087 Trade Letters transmitted to the Depart¬ ment as against 3,382 in June, 1927. THE WAHL COMPANY A total of 1,906 reports, of which 874 were New York, N. Y., U. S. A. rated miscellaneous, was received during the 294 THE 4-M HOTELS WASHINGTON D. C. Operated, by Maddux, Marshall, Moss & Mallory, Inc.

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THE MARTINIQUE Sixteenth St. at M

THE FAIRFAX TILDEN HALL COLONIAL HOTEL Mass. Ave. at 21st St. Conn. Ave. at Tilden 15th and M Sts.

295 rpHE^MERICAN ^ QREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL

month of July, 1927. as compared with 1,927 re¬ Grosvenor-Coville. Miss Lilian Waters Gros- ports, of which 845 were rated miscellaneous, venor and Mr. Cabot Coville were married on during the month of June, 1927. July 28 at Beinn Bhreagh Hall, Baddeck, Nova There were 656 trade lists transmitted to the Scotia. Department, for the Bureau of Foreign and Do¬ The bride is the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. mestic Commerce, during the month of July, 1927, Gilbert Grosvenor, while the groom is a Foreign as against 858 during the month of June, 1927. Service Officer, recently assigned as a Language Officer at Tokyo. MARRIAGES Damm-Erickson. Consul and Mrs. Henry C. A. Damm, Nogales, announce the marriage of Grew-Moffat. On Wednesday, July 27, at Han¬ their daughter, Alice Clara, to Mr. Swan Arthur cock, N. H., Miss Lilia Cabot Grew was married Erickson on April 23, 1927. to Mr. Jay Pierrepont Moffat. The bride is the daughter of the newly appointed Ambassador to BIRTHS and Mrs. Joseph Clark Grew, while the groom is a Foreign Service Officer assigned to A daughter, Leon Hanson, was born at Santa the Legation at Berne. Rosa Hospital, San Antonio, Tex., on , 1927, to Vice Consul and Mrs. Oscar C. Harper. Vice Consul Harper is at present in charge of Donegan-Phillipopoulos-Vendouzis. Consul and the consulate at Piedras Negras. Mrs. Alfred W. Donegan, Munich, announce the marriage of their daughter, Marguerite, to Mr. A son, Harold Clifton, Jr., was born at Vera Jean Phillipcpoulos-Vendouzis on July 12 at Cruz, Mexico, on , 1927, to Vice Consul Hamburg, Germany. and Mrs. Harold Clifton Wood.

INTERNATIONAL GENERAL ® ELECTRIC SCHENECTADY 120 BROADWAY NEW YORK ,U. S.A. COMPANY NEW YORK. U. S.A. INCORPORATED Crown House, Aldwych, London, W. C. 2, England. Cable Code: “INGENETRIC”

Exporters of all GENERAL ELECTRIC products and export representatives of leading American manufac¬ turers of electrically operated machinery and electrical cooking, heating and labor-saving devices.

OFFICES AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES

ARGENTINA Electric Company. DUTCH EAST INDIES HOLLAND NEW ZEALAND Inc.. , International General Mijnssen & Co., Am¬ Construcoes Eltctricas. General Electric. S A,. National Electrical & Lda.. Lisbon Buenos Aires; Cor¬ La.. U S A. Electric Co.. Inc., sterdam Engineering Co., Ltd Soerabaia. Java doba; Rosario de CHILE INDIA Wellington. Auckland. SOUTH AFRICA Santa Fc, Tucuman International Machin¬ ECUADOR International General Dunedin. Christ- South African General ery Co.. Santiago; Guayaquil Agencies Co., Electric Co., Bom¬ Electric Co., Ltd., AUSTRALIA Antofagasta; Valpa- Guayaquil Australian General Elec¬ bay; Calcutta PARAGUAY Johannesburg, Trans¬ tric Co.. Ltd.. Syd¬ EGYPT General Electric. S. A., vaal; Capetown Nitratc Agencies. Ltd., British Thomson-Hous- ITALY AND COLONIES ney; . Bris¬ lquique Buenos Aires. Argen¬ bane; Adelaide ton Co., Ltd.. Cairo Compagma Generate di tina SPAIN AND COLONIES CHINA FRANCE AND COLO¬ Elettricitd, Milan (24) Sociedad Iberica de Con- BELGIUM AND Andersen. Meyer & Co., NIES PERU strucciones Electricas, COLONIES Ltd., Shanghai Compagnie Frnnpaise JAPAN W R. Grace 8s Co., Madrid; Barcelona; Societe d'Electricitt et China General Edison Thom son-Houston, International Genera] Lima Bilbao dc Mecanique, S. A., Co., Shanghai Paris ‘8mc Electric Co., Inc., PHILIPPINE ISLANDS COLOMBIA GREAT BRITAIN AND Tokyo; Osaka Parific Commercial Co., SWITZERLAND BOLIVIA International General IRELAND Sbibaura Engineering TroIIiet Fr*res. Geneva International Machinery Electric. S A . British Thomson-Hous¬ Works. Tokyo Co.. Oruro Barranquilla, Bogota; ton Co.. Ltd., Rugby, Tokyo Electric Co., Ltd. PORTO RICO URUGUAY BRAZIL Medellin England MEXICO International General General Electric, S A.. General Electric. S. A.. AND COLO¬ Electric Co.. Inc., San Montevideo CUBA General Electric. S. A., Juan Rio de Janeiro; Sao General Electric Com¬ NIES Mexico City; Guada¬ VENEZUELA pany of Cuba. Ha¬ Compagnie Frangaise lajara: Vera Crux; PORTUGAL AND International General CENTRAL AMERICA vana; Santiago de Thomson-Houston. Monterrey; Tampico; COLONIES Electric. S A.. International General Cuba Paris (8me>. France El Paso. Texas Sociedade Ibfrica de

296

t r_ ^HE^MERICANpOREIGN ^ERVICE JOURNAL

A daughter, Marice Anne, was born at Mon¬ treal, Canada, on June 6, 1927, to Vice Consul and Mrs. John F. Deming.

PACIFIC FOREIGN TRADE COUNCIL Announcement by William Pigott of topics to be covered at the Fifth Annual Convention of the Pacific Foreign Trade Council indicate that the meeting in Victoria , 16, and 17 is to be of very practical value to the business men who attend. Wayne E. Butterbaugh. Director of Traffic Management, La Salle Extension University, , has been secured to carry the subject The Prestige of “Ways of Regaining for Pacific Ports the of Traffic Between the Far East and the United States that in Recent Years Has Been Diverted Distinctive Addresses to Atlantic Ports.’’ Irving E. Vining, President of the Oregon State Chamber of Commerce, will talk on the Wherever the experienced traveler “Application of American Statesmanship in In¬ finds himself, away from home, his terpreting International Problems.” first thought is to establish his “home- The subject of “Commercial Air Service,” car¬ away-from-home”; and his experience ried by W. P. McCracken, Assistant Secretary of teaches him the ultimate economy and Commerce for Aeronautics, Washington, D. C., advantage of stopping in the most will be especially opportune at a time when Col. representative hotels. Charles A. Lindbergh is in the Northwest also to arouse interest in this modern method of His problem is delightfully simplified transportation. in the four great cities which offer him Other topics, for which speakers will shortly the hospitality of Boomer-du Pont be announced, are “Barriers to Export Trade of Hotels, for there his discriminating the Pacific,” “Foreign Credit Insurance,” “Pro¬ judgment recognizes the “sterling” tecting the Importer in Customs Matters,” “Trad¬ mark of hotel operation. ing in Wheat Futures,” “Developing Foreign Trade Through Travel,” “Value of Imports in Developing our Foreign Trade,” “Handicaps to The Waldorf-Astoria Pacific Shipping Interests,” “Far East Finance and General Trade Conditions,” and “Foreign NEW YORK Markets for Forest Products.” The Trade Adviser Service has been established The Bellevue-Stratford to further aid this purpose. This will he con¬ ducted by Trade Commissioners, who have been called in by the United States Department of Commerce from Australia, India, Philippines, The Willard Chira, Japan, Central and South America, and WASHINGTON Canada. Delegates needing advice on specific problems will he given the benefit of the Trade Commissioners’ experience and research. Mr. The Windsor S. H. Blalock, District Director of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce in Seattle, is organizing this feature of the convention. : j 297 ' 'pHE^MERICAN^ppREIGN SERVICE, JOURNAL

The meeting this year is being held outside of LEARN TO WRITE the United States for the first time, and it is believed that in cooperation rather than competi¬ WRITE TO EARN tion lies the success for the distribution of our surplus; therefore even greater interest than here¬ “With pleasure and tofore is being evidenced in the Pacific foreign profit I have studied the trade all over the world. Among the prominent course of the Palmer United States citizens who will attend are James Institute of Authorship.” A. Farrell, President of the United States Steel Corporation and Chairman of the National For¬ eign Trade Council; Warren F. Purdy, Assistant to A. C. Dalton, President of the United States Merchant Fleet Corporation; Royal S. Copeland, United States Senator from New York; John W. “You are making it possible for be¬ Summers, United States Congressman from the State of Washington; A. M. Free, United States ginners in writing today to travel Congressman from California. over a highway, instead of a difficult Pacific coast financial interests will have such road,” says Ruth Comfort Mitchell, representative delegates as John E. Barber, Vice whose serial, “Call of the House,” in President of the First National Bank, Los An¬ Woman’s Home Companion—is now geles ; J. A. H. Kerr, Vice President of Security out in book form. “Most important Trust & Savings Bank, ; G. B. Holt, of all, you have helped prove that Canadian Bank of Commerce, Vancouver, British ours is a trade and a profession as Columbia. surely as plumbing and preaching, and Delegates from overseas will include F. A. therefore calling for diligence, disci¬ Pauline, Agent General of British Columbia, sta¬ pline, and such sound, sane, construc¬ tioned at London, England; a representative of tive training as you—The Palmer the Chamber of Commerce of Italy; a representa¬ Institute—offer.” tive from the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce; Personalized training! The Palmer Angel Garri, President of the Chamber of Com¬ Institute can take your talent, as it is, merce, Santiago, Cuba; and Francisco Suris, of the Cuba Foodstuff Record, , Cuba; an and help it produce stories of fact or official representative of Mexico. glamour . . . that sell! Sometimes Canada is vying with the United States in the after only the first lesson a story importance of their attending delegates, which will has sold. be such as Randolph Bruce, Lieutenant Governor Palmer Courses are also endorsed of British Columbia; Dominion Ministers from by Rupert Hughes, Gertrude Ather¬ Ottawa; Premier and Provincial Ministers and ton, Katharine Newlin Burt, Jim mayors of western Canada. Tully, Jesse Lynch Williams, Charles The Pacific Coast Rivers and Harbors Commit¬ Kenyon, Frederick Stuart Greene, tee is to hold its annual meeting in Victoria at a Alex McLaren, Julie M. Lippmann time which will permit delegates to attend the and Carl Clausen. Send the coupon sessions of the Pacific Foreifn Trade Council. for details. The Canadian Chamber of Commerce, which is holding its annual meeting in Vancouver prior to the Victoria Convention, is to join with the PALMER INSTITUTE OF AUTHORSHIP Pacific Foreign Trade Council on September 15, I Dept. 140-W, Palmer Building, Hollywood, Calif. | Please send me, without obligation, details about the course the opening day. This will bring about 150 I have checked. Canadian manufacturers to the sessions in Vic¬ □ Short Story Writing □ English and Self-Expression toria, according to E. W. McL. Clarke, Managing □ Photoplay Writing Secretary of the Canadian Chamber of Com¬ Name merce in Montreal. A delegation of 350 of the Empire Mining Congress, consisting of repre¬ I Address j All correspondence strictly confidential. No salesman tciU call upon you. sentatives from all over the world, will be in Vic¬ toria at the opening of the convention. 298 BANKINQ AND INVESTMENT SERVICE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD The National City Bank of New York and Affiliated Institutions

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Foreign Branches in ARGENTINA . BELGIUM . BRAZIL . CHILE . CHINA . CUBA . ENGLAND FRANCE . INDIA . ITALY . JAPAN . JAVA . PANAMA . PERU . PORTO RICO . SANTO DOMINGO . URUGUAY . VENEZUELA.

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THE National City Bank of New York and the International Banking Corporation, are equipped to supply every banking facility for international trade, including the issuance of commercial and travelers' letters of credit for use in any part of the world, and the purchase and sale of ex¬ change. The National City Bank also offers highly developed trust services for individuals, cor¬ porations, estates, and for insurance companies and like institutions. It acts as executor and trustee of estates, custodian of securities, agent in the management of property, and as fiscal agent for foreign governments and ioreign corporations.

THE NATIONAL CITY COMPANY (AFFILIATED WITH THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK)

HEAD OFFICE OFFICES IN 50 LEADING 55 WALL STREET, NEW YORK AMERICAN CITIES

Foreign Offices: LONDON . AMSTERDAM . COPENHAGEN . GENEVA . TOKIO . SHANGHAI. Canadian Offices in MONTREAL . TORONTO. The National City Company, through its offices and affiliations in the United States and abroad, offers a world-wide investment service to those interested in Dollar Securities.

LONDON OFFICE: 34 BISHOPSGATE, E.C. 2.

299 rJrHE^MERICAN p OREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL

FOREIGN SERVICE SCHOOL Philippine Islands, Mr. Nicholas Roosevelt, New York Times. The Foreign Service School has held the fol¬ Persia, Mr. Wallace S. Murray. lowing lectures: Persia and the Imbrie Incident, Mr. Murray. Executive Office; Mixed Claims Commissions, Afghanistan, Mr. Murray. Mr. George F. Kennan. Morocco, Mr. Henry Carter. Tariff Commission, Mr. Walton C. Ferris. Egypt and the Sudan, Mr. George Wadsworth. Taxation, Mr. John B. Ketcham. Trade promotion and trade protection work Chambers of Commerce, Mr. Chauncey D. under the direction of Mr. Frederick T. F. Snow, Manager, Foreign Commerce Department, Dumont, with the assistance of Messrs. H. Merle United States Chamber of Commerce. Cochran, Carol H. Foster, and John G. Erhardt. Organization for Foreign Trade, Mr. Snow. Introduction to the Near East, Mr. G. Howland Marine Insurance, Mr. James L. Madden, Shaw. Manager, Insurance Department, United States Extraterritoriality in the Near East, Mr. Fran¬ Chamber of Commerce. cis M. Anderson. American Participation in World Insurance, The Lausanne Conference, Mr. Joseph C. Mr. Madden. Grew. Civil Service Commission; United States Bu¬ Recent Negotiations with Turkey, Mr. G. How¬ reau of Efficiency; Personnel Classification land Shaw. Board, Mr. William Gwynn. The Balkans, Mr. Maynard B. Barnes. Department of Labor, Mr. Noel H. Field. Foreign Credits, Mr. Charles Lyon Chandler, Liberia, Mr. Reed Paige Clarke. Manager, Foreign Commercial Department, Corn Sources and Principles of International Law, Exchange National Bank, Philadelphia. Prof. Ellery C. Stowell. Inventories and the Representation of Foreign Syria, Palestine, and Iraq, Mr. George Wads¬ Interests, Mr. Harvey B. Otterman. worth.

ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION

BUILDERS OF SUPERSTRUCTURES AS WELL AS SUBSTRUCTURES

POWER STATION IRRIGATION DAM

Office Buildings - Industrial Plants - Warehouses - Railroads and Terminals - Foundations Underpinning - Filtration and Sewage Plants - Hydro-Electric Developments - Power Houses Highways - River and Harbor Developments - Bridges and Bridge Piers - Mine Shafts and Tunnels THE FOUNDATION COMPANY NEW YORK ATLANTA CHICAGO LOS ANGELES LONDON LIMA SAN FRANCISCO MONTREAL MEXICO CITY CARTAGENA THE FOUNDATION COMPANY (FOREIGN) NEW YORK LONDON TOKYO ATHENS PARIS BRUSSELS I Why General Motors can give more value GENERAL MOTORS is the largest automobile competing cars to over 130 scientific tests to prove manufacturing organization in the world. the quality of General Motors cars. Last year people all over the world bought Add to this purchasing economy, the further sav¬ 1,215,826 General Motors cars — an increase of ings made possible in huge plants equipped with 388,770 new owners in one year. the most modern machinery and you can see that Such demand enables General Motors to manu¬ there is every reason why General Motors cars facture at a lower margin of profit and to maintain must be of finer quality and higher value than quality. could be true if the volume were smaller. General Motors was first to establish great Re¬ Proof of the quality and value of General Motors search Laboratories—and first to establish a Prov¬ cars is found in the fact that one in every three cars ing Ground, where it subjects its own and sold is a General Motors car.

INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS OF GENERAL MOTORS General Motors Australia Pty. Ltd., Melbourne General Motors Argentina, S. A., Buenos Aires General Motors of Brazil, S. A., Sao Paulo General Motors Continental, S. A., Antwerp General Motors (France) S. A., Paris General Motors G.m.b.H., Berlin General Motors International, A/S, Copenhagen General Motors Japan, Ltd., Osaka N. V. General Motors Java, Batavia General Motors Limited, London General Motors Near East, S/A., Alexandria General Motors New Zealand, Ltd., Wellington General Motors Peninsular, S. A., Madrid General Motors South African, Ltd., Port Elizabeth General Motors Uruguaya, S. A., Montevideo General Motors Nordiska, B/A, Stockholm General Motors Export Company, New York It pays to buy a General Motors car — These are the General Motors cars

Chetrolet Pontiac OIdsmobile Oakland Buick La Salle Cadillac Vauxhall GENERAL MOTORS

301 rJlKE^MERICAN J'OREIGN gEKVICE JOURNAL

Arabia and Ethiopia, Mr. Wadsworth. Economic Conference at Geneva, Dr. Arthur STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK N. Young. 26 Broadway New York Foreign Loans, Mr. Frederick Livesey. Extradition, Mr. Joseph R. Baker. Leases and miscellaneous phases of administra¬ tion (opening and closing of offices, consular dis¬ tricts, etc.), Mr. Harvey B. Otterman. Department of Justice and the Judiciary, Mr. Henry A. W. Beck. Post Office Department, Mr. Thomas F. Sherman. Accounting, Mr. William McNeir. Allowances and Estimates, Mr. Harry A. Havens and Mr. Robert D. Murphy. The Mark of Quality Protection, Mr. Green H. Hackworth, Solicitor of the Department. Morocco, Mr. Henry Carter and Mr. Elbridge D. Rand. Consular Regulations and Circular Instructions, Socony Mr. Felix Cole. Leaves of Absence, Mr. Harvey B. Otterman. Personnel Work, Career Officers, Mr. Edward J. Norton. Products Personnel Work, Employees not of Career, Mr. Frank C. Lee. Welfare and Whereabouts Work, Mr. Richard Illuminating Oils S, Leach. Indexes, Archives, and Codes, Mr. David A. Lubricating Oils and Greases Salmon. United States Veterans’ Bureau; Alien Prop¬ Gasoline and Motor Spirits erty Custodian, Mr. Lawrence Higgins. Interstate Commerce Commission, Mr. Nathan Fuel Oil Scarritt. The foregoing lectures concluded the program Asphaltums, Binders and of the 1926-27 term of the Foreign Service School. Road Oils The Consulate General at Tokyo, Japan, re¬ Paraffine Wax and Candles ports a new manner of addressing mail to con¬ sular offices in that an envelope recently received Lamps, Stoves and Heaters there was directed to the “American Consulta¬ tion.”

Branch Offices in the Principal Cities of The Red Cross Courier, organ of the American Japan Philippine Islands Turkey National Red Cross, in its issue of March 15, China Straits Settlements Syria 1927, has the following to say about consular co¬ Indo-China Netherlands India Bulgaria operation : Siam South Africa Greece “Enthusiastic response and immediate coopera¬ India Australasia Jugoslavia tion from United States Consuls and our citizens living abroad is always strikingly apparent. Dur¬ ing the Tenth Roll Call the representatives of the 302 State Department called upon prominent Ameri¬ ness houses and banks. The enthusiasm and in¬ cans to plan and carry through the Roll Call for terest aroused overcame obstacles in the face of the Red Cross, and in every case the respon¬ local business depression. sibility was shouldered willingly. “Examples could be multiplied, but the fore¬ “To illustrate this attitude toward their Red going will serve to illumine a record which, year Cross: E. M. Lawton, Consul General in Sydney, after year, is increasingly brilliant and which Australia, forwarded $289.60 in annual, con¬ brings home to National Headquarters the abid¬ tributing, sustaining, supporting, and life mem¬ ing faith in their Red Cross of Americans in far- bership fees; North Winship, Consul in Cairo, distant lands.” Egypt, sent $190 in membership fees and with the fund was a letter which requested that next Consul General Hollis writes from Lisbon that year a larger supply of membership cards he sent at a recent Rotary Club dinner four of the guests for the Roll Call in Cairo; Frederick W. Baldwin, were all stationed together at Lourenco Marques Vice Consul at Lausanne, Switzerland, called over 25 years ago. They were Messrs. Pedro upon Alfred C. Boswell, an American resident, to Pessoa Lancastre, then Collector of Customs at act as treasurer of a Roll Call Committee. The Lourenco Marques; d’Almeida, then Governor of committee forwarded $1,024.97, which is an ex¬ traordinary return from a foreign community. the Colony, now retired, and a large importer of “Then there is Tampico, Mexico, which sent American automobiles into Portugal; Colonel $714.44. Consul General Arthur C. Frost en¬ Coelho, then Port Engineer and now Chief Engi¬ listed the assistance of a working committee, neer of the Portuguese Railways; and, finally, which, in turn, secured the cooperation of busi¬ Consul General Hollis himself.

WASHINGTON, D. C.

6jHLome of

A - : A Hotel in Keeping with the Beauty and Grandeur of the National Capital

Cable “Mayflower” Five short blocks from The State Department CONNECTICUT AVENUE Midway between The White House and Dupont Circle

‘S'rppryriTT 303 rpHE^MERICAN FOREIGN gERYICE JOURNAL

Consul G. C. Woodward, at Campbellton, New Brunswick, claims to have received the prize win¬ ner for briefness in a letter to a consular officer in one received from a United States law firm in the shape of a business card, 2 by 4 inches in size, the reverse showing the address of the addressee and a 2-cent stamp and the side of the card con¬ taining the name, address, telephone number, par¬ ticulars of business, et cetera, having the follow¬ ing written on one end in ink, the name given here being fictitious: “Dear Consul. “Desire Canadian clients. “Smith. “4

“22

“27” Needless to say, the communication was given the same attention had it covered several pages.

The San Antonio Express, one of the leading In Office, Factory and newspapers of the Southwest, which circulates over a large portion of that section of the coun¬ School try, carried a leading editorial in a recent issue In the commercial centers—in the based on Consul William P. Blocker’s report on cities and far-off corners of the earth—in the completion of the Southern Pacific’s railroad the schools of every nation—in fact construction in Western Mexico. wherever human thoughts and deeds are recorded — there you will find the From D. B. Levis, Vice Consul, Newcastle- on-Tyne: Underwood the standard of typewriter A new kind of Consul has been invented by the efficiency. Grammar School of Aberdeen, Scotland, which Stenographers and typists realize that “Under¬ dates from before 1256, and which Byron at¬ wood” means fast and accurate typewriting— tended before he went to Harrow. The school with less fatigue and better work. The execu¬ has a flourishing Former Pupils’ Club which ap¬ tive, too, appreciates the value of “Underwood” points Old Boys as “Consuls” or representatives work—clear, clean-cut letters down to the last all over the world. carbon, and he knows that when a letter is For example, Dr. Logie Danson, the of “Underwood” typed it represents the company’s and , is the “Consul” at the lat¬ highest standard. ter place. One banker is the “Consul” at Rio de A demonstration on the “Underwood” will Janeiro and another is at . A railway place you under no obligation. manager is the man for Palestine at Haifa; a UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER CO., INC. rubber planter represents the interests of the 1413 New York Avenue N. W. school in Sumatra, and His Britannic Majesty’s Washington, D. C. Vice Consul at Prague is the “Consul” in Czecho¬ Branches in all Principal Cities . India heads the list with nine “con¬ suls,” Canada has seven, South Africa five. There are three each in America and Malaya, UNDERWOOD and two each in Australia, the Straits Settle¬ ments, North West Indies and Nigeria. And Speeds the Worlds Business there is one at Shanghai, where the Old Boys have presented the school with a clock. 304 One of the State Department’s speedy typists recently wrote, in a letter about a very ticklish and highly controversial question (which had been handled by the Department in a way not entirely to the liking of the person most con¬ cerned), that its previous communication had “outched” one of the points.

The Berlingske Tidende, of Copenhagen, Den¬ mark, published the following in January of this year, which will be of interest to all who knew the late Oliver B. Harriman, who died while Secretary of Legation at Copenhagen: “One will recall the great attention that was attracted when Oliver Harriman, Secre¬ tary of the American Legation, died here suddenly about one year ago, stricken by heart failure. There was something spontaneously ©Thos. F. Lee affecting about the sudden removal of this young ANCIENT MAYAN MONUMENT, GUATEMALA and gifted diplomat, far from his people and home country, and his death aroused great sym¬ Monuments and Life pathy everywhere. The official expression of sorrow was the more marked at his funeral, as While there may be “sermons in stones” there Secretary of Legation Harriman was at the time is also another interest in ancient monuments— acting as Charge d’Affaires during the interval those remains of civilizations that influence the due to the departure of Dr. Prince. native life of today and make it “different.” “As a beautiful token of the gratitude which Differences in customs, dress, tools, transporta¬ the near relatives of Mr. Harriman, who were un¬ tion methods—the subjects treated in the able to follow the deceased to his last resting National Geographic Magazine—are what make place, feel on this account, it is now announced this publication interesting to young and old in that his mother, Mrs. James Low Harriman, upon more than a million homes. the recommendation of the former American The National Geographic Society, therefore, Minister here, Dr. Prince, has given a bequest of searches eagerly for photographs, full of native 15,000 dollars to the University of Copenhagen life, the world over—such views as are common in memory of her deceased son. This magnificent to the marketplace and roadside of your post. gift was received through Prof. Otto Jespersen. In accordance with the provisions made by Mrs. Readable descriptions, as well Harriman, the bequest will be employed for the as good pictures, find a ready support of students of English at the University, and profitable market. its distribution taking place annually.” Material accepted is paid for promptly and un¬ available matter returned promptly and insured for safe arrival. ANNUAL REPORT, BUSI¬ A 16-page brochure outlining the photographs NESS MANAGER and articles desired, and a 24-page booklet about (Continued from page 281) The Society and its Magazine mailed on request. the annual subsidy previously granted by the As¬ Address, The Editor sociation for the maintenance of the JOURNAL be discontinued. The plan substituted was to divert National Geographic Magazine to the JOURNAL $4.00 of each $5.00 association WASHINGTON, D. C. annual membership dues; to permit the JOURNAL

305 to retain all monies collected from outside sub¬ 4. Financial Status. scriptions at the rate of $4.00 a year, miscellane¬ There is attached the annual financial state¬ ous sales, advertising, etc.; and to disburse from ment compiled by Mr. Warren showing the such receipts all necessary expenditures for the status of the JOURNAL’S finances for the past upkeep of the JOURNAL. In this way the JOUR¬ fiscal year. This statement indicates that the sum NAL has been enabled to transact its business as of $2,408.56 was carried over from the previous a business unit, and so far the plan has been sat¬ fiscal year. It may be noted that during the year isfactory. Under this system it has been found $4,670.89 were received for advertising and exceedingly easy to establish at any one time the $2,048 as the JOURNAL’S share of the annual membership dues. The total receipts for the exact status of the JOURNAL. year were $9,878.48. As regards disbursements, the largest item was for printing amounting to 3. General Advertising. $5,500.17. This is an increase over the previous The advertising throughout the year has kept year caused principally by special printing items, up to a standard sufficient to indicate a profit. such as $256 for the printing of 10,000 copies of Toward the latter part of the year several of the “What Your Consuls Do” for distribution at the advertisers found it necessary to discontinue Sesquicentennial Exposition in Philadelphia; an their advertising, and in order to build up this item of some $50 for the printing of an index to the JOURNAL; and a similar amount for the department the Manager made a trip to New printing of an overleaf containing the articles of York with a view to obtaining new ads. As a association. result, and through efforts of the staff locally, It may also be noted that since January 1, some four pages of additional advertising have 1927, the sum of $1,500 was withdrawn from the been obtained. JOURNAL funds and placed in a savings account,

Plant Executives in 46 Countries do business with Lubrication Headquarters

Friction— the unseen enemy of Production WHY ? Because big industrial ex¬ ecutives the world over recognize grade lubricating oils to mechanical the Vacuum Oil Company as the equipment in every country of the world. world’s foremost experts in lubrication. Because the aim of the Vacuum Oil Because all our recommendations Company is to benefit the industrial arc based on more than 60 world by bringing about years experience in manufac¬ smoother and more efficient turing and in applying high- Lubricating Oils operation of machinery. ApvJtftr mi rypt«/ *rvia VACUUM OIL COMPANY 306 OBVIOUSLY, this ten per cent extra quality in the Hupmobile Six — in all hidden as well as exposed parts— must result in a car that is far more re¬ liable and durable in contrast to the one made to ordinary standards of quality.

It is this extra quality that makes the Hupmobile Six stand out in value, in performance, and in dependability, far beyond reach of any other six in its price field.

Hupp Motor Car Corporation DETROIT, MICHIGAN, U. S. A. Cable Address: Hupp, Detroit

UPMOBIIE 307 L_ T™^MERICANpOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

drawing interest at the rate of 3 percent per an¬ At present there are no outstanding accounts num. Following the compilation of the annual against the JOURNAL and no amounts due it from financial statement made by Mr. Warren, an ad¬ any source. ditional sum of $500 was also placed on interest 5. Circulation. at 3 percent. The total amount thus placed, At present 1,200 copies of the JOURNAL are $2,000, while drawing interest at the rate of 3 printed each month, and the distribution is indi¬ percent, may be refunded at any time to the As¬ cated in the attached table. It is interesting to sociation for the purpose of making proper and note that approximately 96 percent of the For¬ permanent investments, and it is respectfully sug¬ eign Service officers are either members of the gested that the Executive Committee may desire Association or are subscribers to the JOURNAL. to take this action in the near future. As addi¬ It might also be noted that the free list has been tional amounts accrue which can be withdrawn increased from 168 to 210. This has been caused and still not interfere with sums necessary for principally by the increased number sent to mem¬ current expenses, a report will be made to the bers of Congress, there being 60 now on the free Executive Committee for such action as may be list as compared with 30 of last year. deemed necessary. The JOURNAL funds are with The Manager desires to thank the Executive the Federal-American Bank, Washington, D. C. Committee, the Editorial staff, the associate man¬ agers and business staff, the members of the As¬ The total disbursements for the year amounted sociation in general, and the advertisers for their to $8,329.26. The balance on hand from the splendid and gratifying support received during year 1925-26 was $2,408.56. The balance car¬ the year. ried forward as of June 30. 1927, was $3,049.22. Respectfully submitted for approval, The JOURNAL, therefore, shows a profit for the F. C. L„ year of $640.66. Business Manager.

To the Consular Representatives of the United States:

1 he United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company puts at your disposal its services in writing your bond. Special attention is given to the require¬ ments of consular officers, our Washington manager, Mr. Lee B. Mosher, having formerly been in the Consular Service. When you have in mind any form of bond, this company will be pleased to write it for you.

JOHN R. BLAND, President.

United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company

RESOURCES OVER $34,000,000.00

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308 dmeric an Foreign Service dissociation Honorary President FRANK B. KELLOGG Secretary of State

Honorary Vice-Presidents R. E. OLDS Under Secretary of State WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State W. R. CASTLE, JR Assistant Secretary of State FRANCIS WHITE Assistant Secretary of State Assistant Secretary of State

EVAN E. YOUNG President HUGH R. WILSON Vice-President

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE JOHN K. CALDWELL Chairman WALLACE S. MURRAY Vice-Chairman KEITH MERRILL ELBRIDGE D. RAND CHESTER W. MARTIN

WILLIAMSON S. HOWELL Secretary-Treasurer of the Association

JOURNAL STAFF FELIX COLE Editor WILLIAM W. HEARD Associate Editor FRANK C. LEE Business Manager

MONNETTB DAVIS 1 Asgociate Business Managerg EUGENE M. HINKLE J FLETCHER WARREN Treasurer of Journal

The American Foreign Service Association is an un¬ official and voluntary association embracing most of the members of The Foreign Service of the United States. It was formed for the purpose of fostering esprit de corps among the members of the Foreign Service, to strengthen service spirit and to establish a center around which might be grouped the united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. A World-Wide Freight Service By American Ships SAILING under the American flag, and Speedy passenger ships of the United operated for the United States Shipping States Lines are included, sailing from Board, great fleets of cargo vessels main¬ New York to principal European ports. tain speedy and efficient freight services In addition to carrying passengers, the ttBk from all the leading American ports to all United States Lines ships, led by the parts of the world. famous Leviathan, provide an exceptional express freght service, which assures These services have proven highly bene¬ prompt, secure and frequent deliveries of ficial to American manufacturers in open¬ cargoes. ing up new and untapped markets for their For complete information on either merchandise and adding to the volume and freight or passenger service consult variety of their foreign trade. Experienced “Schedule of Sailings,” a comprehensive shippers use them regularly and recom¬ publication issued by the Traffic Depart¬ mend them with enthusiasm. ment, or write direct.

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