American History I

1 – Exploration and Colonization: 1450 – 1765 (12 days) Age of Exploration Settlement of the Americas New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies Slavery Native Americans Colonial Society Colonial Government French and Indian War

2 – Revolutionary and Constitutional Debates: 1765 – 1790 (11 days) Protests Roots of Rebellion Independence Home Front Articles of Confederation Enlightenment Influences Federal Constitution and Anti-Federalists

3 – New Nation: 1790 – 1820 (10 days) ’s Legacy First Political Parties Native American Conflict Nationalist Art & Literature Suffrage and Citizenship Era of Good Feelings

4 – Age of Jackson: 1820 – 1850 (11 days) Reform and Religion Transcendentalism & Humanism Slavery and Abolition Industrial Revolution Mexican-American War Expansion and Conflict Westward Expansion

5 – Civil War Era: 1850 – 1865 (10 days) Slavery Sectionalism Secession North versus South First Years of the Civil War 1861-1862 Last Years of the Civil War 1863 – 1864 War Effort War’s End and Impact

6 – Reconstruction: 1865 – 1880 (7 days) Reconstruction New South African American Freedom Frontier Urban Culture

61 days total/19 days needed

1 – Exploration and Colonization: 1450 - 1765

Objectives § Analyze how economic, political, social, military, religious, and ethnic factors influenced exploration and settlement (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) § Analyze the causes, destination, contribution and response to immigration (3.4) § Analyze the economic and cultural issues and conflicts and the compromises that resulted (4.2, 4.4) § Summarize how philosophical, ideological, and religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems (5.1) § Explain how judicial, legislative, and executive actions affected the distribution of power between levels of government (5.2) § Explain reasons for involvement in war and the influence of war on international affairs, American politics, economy and society (6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) § Analyze the relationship between innovation, development and progress and the perception and attainment of the American Dream (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)

Topics and Concepts Tasks Vocabulary Resources & Activities

Age of Exploration Explain the Protestant Reformation, Protestant Reformation Literature: Voyages of Columbus Glorious Revolution and defeat of Glorious Revolution Nations and individuals motivated by Spanish Armada as causes of Spanish Armada Collaboration: Columbus on Trial power, wealth and adventure may exploration and settlement Mercantilism experience settlement and Triangular Trade Resource: Voyages of Columbus exploration differently Describe the influence of Cash crops mercantilism, triangular trade and Caravel Resource: Explorers A nation may choose to colonize cash crops on exploration and Astrolabe other regions of the world to expand settlement Compass Resource: Spanish Armada its economic power Enclosure Explain the role of navigation Joint Stock Company Government policy can direct the technology, enclosure, joint stock Head Right System migration and settlement of people companies, and head right system in the settlement of the Americas

Describe the imperial conflict between England, Spain and France and explain how it impacted the settlement of the Americas

Settlement of the Americas Identify the first major settlements in Humphrey Gilbert Scaffold: Colonial Status North America and describe the Walter Raleigh Nations and individuals motivated by challenges they faced Roanoke Collaboration: Lost Colony Simulation power, wealth and adventure may Jamestown experience settlement and Describe the organization of the John Smith Literature: John Smith’s “A Starving exploration differently colonies and the distribution of “Starving Time” Time” power Powhatan A nation may choose to colonize Magna Carta Literature: Settlement of the other regions of the world to expand Summarize the influence of Magna Bill of Rights Americas its economic power Carta, Bill of Rights and Common Law Common Law in economics and politics House of Burgesses Literature: Peoples of America Individuals and groups are sometimes Mayflower Compact motivated to relocate and take risks Summarize the European relationship Plymouth Literature: The Mayflower Compact in order to improve their quality of with Native Americans life Webquest: Settlement of the Explain the impact of settlement on Americas - www.ushistory.org - 2a Geographic factors can shape the Native Americans thru 2f migration, settlement and cultural development within a region Read John Smith’s General History of Resource: Jamestown Timeline as justification for Forces that push or pull various exploration and settlement and the groups to move to a particular place experiences encountered or region may factor into its cultural development

New England Explain the influence of geography, Commercial economy Literature: City Upon a Hill society, and culture on development Proprietary colony Individuals and groups are sometimes Royal Colony Literature: Fundamental Orders of motivated to relocate and take risks Describe the development of New Massachusetts Connecticut in order to improve their quality of England economy & economic Rhode Island life opportunity Connecticut Literature: Puritans New Hampshire Regions may experience differences Identify the groups that settled the Puritans Webquest: New England Colonies - in economic growth, political New England colonies Roger Williams www.ushistory.org - 3a thru 3e systems and social structures due to John Winthrop geographic and cultural diversity Describe the organization of the Anne Hutchinson colonies and the distribution of Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Diverse individuals and groups that power settle into a particular region shape the cultural identity of that region Distinguish the New England colonies and influence its development from the Middle and Southern colonies in terms of economy, culture Geographic factors can shape the and government migration, settlement and cultural development within a region Explain how Puritans and other groups contributed to cultural Forces that push or pull various diversity and development groups to move to a particular place or region may factor into its cultural Read the writings of Roger Williams, development John Winthrop & Anne Hutchinson for the influence of religion on colonial life

Middle Colonies Explain the influence of geography, Subsistence agriculture Webquest: Middle Colonies – society and culture on development Proprietary colony www.ushistory.org – 4a thru 4d Individuals and groups are sometimes Royal colony motivated to relocate and take risks Describe the development of middle New Jersey in order to improve their quality of colonies economy & economic New York life opportunity Pennsylvania Maryland Regions may experience differences Identify the groups that settled the Delaware in economic growth, political New England colonies Quakers systems and social structures due to William Penn geographic and cultural diversity Describe the organization of the colonies and the distribution of Diverse individuals and groups that power settle into a particular region shape the cultural identity of that region Distinguish the Middle Colonies from and influence its development the New England and Southern colonies in terms of economy, culture Geographic factors can shape the and government migration, settlement and cultural development within a region Explain how Quakers and other groups contributed to cultural Forces that push or pull various diversity and development groups to move to a particular place or region may factor into its cultural Read the writings of William Penn for development the influence of religion on colonial life

Southern Colonies Explain the influence of geography, Plantation economy Webquest: Southern Colonies - society and culture on development Cash crops www.ushistory.org - 5a thru 5e Individuals and groups are sometimes Headright system motivated to relocate and take risks Describe the development of Proprietary colony in order to improve their quality of southern economy & economic Royal colony life opportunity Virginia North Carolina Regions may experience differences Identify the groups that settled the South Carolina in economic growth, political New England colonies Georgia systems and social structures due to Indentured servitude geographic and cultural diversity Describe the organization of the colonies and the distribution of Diverse individuals and groups that power settle into a particular region shape the cultural identity of that region Distinguish the Southern colonies and influence its development from the Middle and New England colonies in terms of economy, culture Geographic factors can shape the and government migration, settlement and cultural development within a region Explain the role of indentured Forces that push or pull various servitude in settling the southern groups to move to a particular place colonies or region may factor into its cultural development

Slavery Describe how Africans endured the Trans-atlantic slave trade Literature: John Wesley on Slavery trials of the Middle Passage Slave Empires While expansion and settlement may Middle Passage Webquest: Slavery - offer opportunities for various groups Explain the reasons for enslavement Slave codes www.ushistory.org - 6a thru 6g it may also limit opportunities due to of Africans Chattel slavery discrimination and racism Overseer Describe the use of slave labor Driver Cultural diffusion may come at the Household servants expense of cultural traditions Describe how African slave culture Manumission survived Oral tradition and folklore

Native Americans Describe beliefs of land ownership Iroquois Constitution Literature: Iroquois constitution King Phillip’s War Government policy can direct the Summarize the European relationship Metacomet Webquest: Native Americans – www. migration and settlement of people with Native Americans Pequot War ushistory.org – 1a thru 1d Tuscarora War While expansion and settlement may Explain the impact of King Phillip’s offer opportunities for various groups War, Pequot and Tuscarora Wars on it may also limit opportunities due to expansion and political development discrimination and racism Explain the impact of settlement on Cultural diffusion may come at the Native Americans expense of cultural traditions

Cultural diversity derived from religious, ethnic and geographic and class difference may create conflict

Colonial Society Describe the living conditions of Primogeniture & inheritance laws Scaffold: Colonial Comparison colonists Great Awakening Cultural development and differences Jonathan Edwards Literature: Witchcraft in Salem sometimes lead to open rebellion Explain how laws contributed to George Whitefield and/or war economic opportunity within the Salem Witch Trials Webquest: The Great Awakening - colonies www.ushistory.org - 7b Ideas of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not Describe the religious freedoms of Webquest: Witchcraft in Salem - dependent on inherited, voluntary the colonies www.ushistory.org - 3g groupings Explain how the Great Awakening Resource: Race in the Colonies Diverse groups of people may have to changed religion, education and agree upon shared values and family values Resource: Religion in the Colonies principles to form and maintain a viable political and economic system Summarize the Salem Witch Trials Resource: Social Class in the Colonies and explain how they transformed National ideals often influence an from an isolated conflict to an open individuals or group’s perceptions of rebellion themselves, their country and their place within society

Colonial Government Summarize the influence of Magna Magna Carta Webquest: Bacon's Rebellion and the Carta, Bill of Rights and Common Law Bill of Rights Regulator Movement - Government policy can promote and in economics and politics Common Law www.ushistory.org - 7e direct the migration and settlement Bacon’s Rebellion of people Summarize Bacon’s Rebellion and Nathaniel Bacon Resource: Colonial Government the Regulator Movement and explain William Berkeley Political relationships can change and how they transformed from an Regulator Movement impact the domestic and foreign isolated to conflict to an open William Tryon affairs between people and/or rebellion nations

Ideas of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, voluntary groupings

Diverse groups of people may have to agree upon shared values and principles to form and maintain a viable political and economic system

National ideals often influence an individuals or group’s perceptions of themselves, their country and their place within society

French and Indian War Explain the impact of imperial conflict Navigation Acts Collaboration: Navigation Acts between Britain, France and Spain French and Indian War War results when a nation’s (Navigation Acts) Seven Years War Literature: Proclamation of 1763 economic and political interests are George Washington threatened and have international List the causes and consequences of Iroquois Webquest: French and Indian War - consequences the French and Indian War Ft. Duquesne www.ushistory.org - 8b thru 8d (Proclamation of 1763) Quebec Wars can influence social views and Montreal Resource: French and Indian War ideas and determine the degree of Identify the turning points of the war Treaty of Paris participation of citizens and assess their impact on its Proclamation of 1763 outcome Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

2 – Revolutionary and Constitutional Debates: 1765 - 1790

Objectives § Analyze the political, economic and cultural issues and conflicts and the compromises that resulted (4.1, 4.2, 4.4) § Summarize how philosophical, ideological, and religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems (5.1) § Explain how judicial, legislative, and executive actions affected the distribution of power between levels of government (5.2) § Explain reasons for involvement in war and the influence of war on international affairs, American politics, economics and society (6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) § Analyze the relationship between innovation, development and progress and the perception and attainment of the American Dream (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)

Topics and Concepts Tasks Vocabulary Resources & Activities

Protests Explain the role of mercantilism in Mercantilism Scaffold: Stamp Act and the relationship between England Salutary neglect Representation Political relationships can change and and the colonies Albany Plan of Union impact the domestic and foreign Sugar Act Literature: Resolutions of the Stamp affairs between people and nations Summarize the changes in colonial Currency Act Act Congress and English relationship due to Quartering Act Diverse groups of people may have to French and Indian War Stamp Act Literature: James Otis “Rights of the agree upon shared values and Townshend Acts Colonists Asserted” principles to form and maintain a Describe the actions of the British James Otis viable political and economic system Parliament as cause for American John Dickinson Resource: Problems after the French independence and Indian War Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war Explain the role of self-government Resource: Ideas of Revolution and English colonial policy in American Independence Resource: Timeline of Independence

Give the protests of the American Resource: Protests colonists (taxation and salutary neglect)

Read James Otis’s Rights of the British Colonists Asserted and John Dickinson’s Letters of a Pennsylvania Farmer and summarize their views on independence

Roots of Rebellion Explain how committees of Committees of Correspondence Literature: Patrick Henry “Give Me correspondence spread ideas of Sons of Liberty Liberty or Give Me Death” Political relationships can change and liberty and independence Samuel Adams impact the domestic and foreign John Hancock Literature: Protesting the Tea Act affairs between people and nations Examine the role of the Founding Patrick Henry Fathers in the cause of American Massacre Literature: Daughters of Liberty Diverse groups of people may have to independence Tea Act agree upon shared values and Boston Tea Party Resource: Boston Tea Party principles to form and maintain a Describe the actions of the British Coercive Acts viable political and economic system Parliament as cause for American Intolerable Acts independence First Continental Congress

Identify the turning points in the fight for independence and assess their impact

Independence Identify the turning points in the fight Thomas Paine Collaboration: Historians and the for independence and assess their Lexington and Concord Cause for Independence Political relationships can change and impact Second Continental Congress impact the domestic and foreign Olive Branch Petition Literature: Thomas Paine’s Common affairs between people and nations Summarize the causes of American George Washington Sense independence Continental Army Diverse groups of people may have to Literature: Thomas Paine’s American agree upon shared values and Read Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, Declaration of Independence Crisis principles to form and maintain a and summarize its impact on viable political and economic system American independence Literature: Loyalist’s Response to Common Sense Read Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence and explain its Literature: Accounts of Lexington importance in independence Literature: Declaration of Independence

Literature: Olive Branch Petition

Resource: Independence

American Revolution Give the causes and consequences of George Washington Resource: Benedict Arnold the American Revolution Continental Army Political relationships can change and Minute Men Resource: War in the North impact the domestic and foreign Reconstruct the events of the Hessians affairs between people and nations American Revolution Charles Cornwallis Resource: War in the South Ethan Allen War results when a nation’s Identify the turning points of the war Benedict Arnold Resource: Ending the War economic and political interests are and assess their impact on its Bunker Hill threatened and have international outcome Ticonderoga consequences Trenton Describe the difficulties of the Saratoga Nations have difficulty financing wars American Revolution Yorkton and overcoming the results of war Savannah Charleston Treaty of Paris

Home Front Identify the strengths and weakness Patriots Literature: Letters of Abigail and John of the British and American forces Loyalists Adams Political and popular opinion of war and assess their impact on the war Inalienable rights can shift Abigail Adams Assess the impact of the war on Republican Motherhood Wars can influence social views and communities and citizens Judith Murray ideas and determine the degree of Richard Allen participation of citizens Explain the division between Patriots Yeoman and Loyalists and assess its impact Artisans Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer Explain the role of independence in because of war granting freedom to colonists

The idea of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideas often influence an individual’s or group’s perceptions of themselves, their country and their place in society

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

Articles of Confederation Describe the structure, power and Articles of Confederation Literature: Foreigner’s View on the authority of the Articles of Land Ordinance of 1785 Articles of Confederation Government policy can promote and Confederation Northwest Ordinance of 1787 direct the migration and settlement Shay’s Rebellion Resource: Articles of Confederation of people Explain how the Articles of Confederation impacted the Resource: Problems of the Articles Government founded on the division distribution of power and created of power and authority may endure political conflict Resource: Shay’s Rebellion internal and external debates that lead to conflict and/or compromise Assess the flaws of the Articles of Confederation and explain how they Diverse groups of people may have to led to a new system of government agree upon shared values and principles to form and maintain a Explain the impact of the Land viable political and economic system Ordinance of 1785 and Northwest Ordinance of 1787’s on settlement A nation may agree on values and principles philosophically, but Summarize Shay’s Rebellion and disagree on the practical political and explain its impact on American economic application of those same systems of government values and principles

Governments can be structured in order to address the needs and desires of the governed

Perceptions of power can lead to tension and conflict

Enlightenment Influences Summarize the ideas of Adam Smith Adam Smith Scaffold: Hobbes and Locke and explain how his Wealth of Jean Jacques Rousseau Government founded on the division Nations influenced American Baron de Montesquieu of power and authority may endure capitalism Voltaire internal and external debates that John Locke lead to conflict and/or compromise Give the Enlightenment philosophes Thomas Hobbes and explain their ideas as well as the Popular sovereignty National ideals often influence an role of Enlightenment thinkers in the Separation of powers individuals or group’s perceptions of creation of American democracy Checks and Balances themselves, their country and their Federalism place within society Republicanism Social Contract Governments can be structured in Capitalism order to address the needs and desires of the governed

Federal Constitution Give the reasons for federal system Federalism Literature: Debate on Federal Power of government and describe its Constitutional Convention Government founded on the division structure Literature: Debate on Checks and of power and authority may endure New Jersey Plan Balances internal and external debates that Summarize the different opinions of Three-fifths Compromise lead to conflict and/or compromise republicanism and the debates of the Connecticut Compromise Literature: Debate on Representation Constitutional Convention (Virginia Diverse groups of people may have to and New Jersey Plans) Literature: Debate on Slavery agree upon shared values and principles to form and maintain a Explain the reasons for the failure of Resource: Constitutional Convention viable political and economic system compromise in regards to slavery and describe how the Three-Fifths Resource: Roles in the Constitutional A nation may agree on values and Compromise added to sectional Convention principles philosophically, but tension disagree on the practical political and Resource: Members of the economic application of those same Describe how the Connecticut Constitutional Convention values and principles Compromise gave power to the federal government Resource: Writing the Constitution Governments can be structured in order to address the needs and Compare the Constitution to the Resource: The Executive Branch desires of the governed Articles of Confederation and assess the importance of significant changes Perceptions of power and authority can lead to tension and conflict

The power to govern in a democratic system is divided among groups who are at odds on how to best govern

Leaders can modify the institutions of government in response to challenges

The distribution of power and authority may change in times of tension and conflict

Federalists and Anti-Federalists Describe how the Constitution Federalists Collaboration: Popular Government distributed power and created Papers Government founded on the division political conflict Anti-Federalists Literature: Debate on the Bill of of power and authority may endure Bill of Rights Rights internal and external debates that Summarize the Federalist and Anti- lead to conflict and/or compromise federalist debate on federal power Literature: Benjamin Franklin and the and explain the rise of political Constitution Diverse groups of people may have to parties agree upon shared values and Literature: Anti-Federalist Views principles to form and maintain a Give the reasons for the Bill of Rights viable political and economic system Literature: Federalist No. 10 Explain the role of law in increasing A nation may agree on values and federal authority and sectionalism Literature: Federalist No. 21 principles philosophically, but disagree on the practical political and Describe the changes in culture and Literature: Federalist No. 51 economic application of those same institutions that created new values and principles “American” culture

Governments can be structured in order to address the needs and desires of the governed

Perceptions of power and authority can lead to tension and conflict

The power to govern in a democratic system is divided among groups who are at odds on how to best govern

Leaders can modify the institutions of government in response to challenges

The distribution of power and authority may change in times of tension and conflict

3 – New Nation: 1790 – 1820

Objectives § Explain how environmental, cultural and economic factors and racial and ethnic groups influenced patterns of migration and settlement (3.2, 3.3) § Analyze the political and economic issues and conflicts that impacted the United States and the compromises that resulted (4.1, 4.2) § Summarize how philosophical, ideological, and religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems (5.1) § Explain how judicial, legislative, and executive actions affected the distribution of power between levels of government (5.2) § Explain how national economic and political interests set the direction of US foreign policy (6.1) § Explain reasons for involvement in war and the influence of war on international affairs, American politics, economics and society (6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) § Analyze the relationship between innovation, development and progress and the perception and attainment of the American Dream (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)

Topics and Concepts Tasks Vocabulary Resources & Activities

Washington’s Legacy Identify the problems faced by the George Washington Literature: Washington on Foreign new nation Alexander Policy Government policy can promote and John Adams direct the migration and settlement Summarize the role of Washington in Thomas Jefferson Resource: Foreign Policy with Britain of people strong national government John Jay Whiskey Rebellion While expansion and settlement may Describe the government response to Hamilton’s Economic Plan offer opportunities for various Whiskey Rebellion Report on the Subject of Manuf. groups, it may also limit Judiciary Act of 1789 opportunities due to discrimination Explain the impact of Alexander Neutrality and Isolation and racism Hamilton’s economic plan (Report to French Revolution Congress on the Subject of Jay’s Treaty Political relationships can change and Manufacturers) Pinckney’s Treaty impact the domestic and foreign Chief Cornplanter relations of a nation Explain how the Judiciary Act of 1789 increased federal authority and A government founded on the sectionalism division of power and authority may endure internal and external conflict Give the reasons for neutrality and and/or compromise isolationism in the French Revolution

A leader’s response to contemporary Explain the impact of Jay’s Treaty and issues can result in political conflict Pinckney’s Treaty on foreign policy, and compromise expansion and sectionalism

Government policies and actions that promote national growth and create sectional tension and debate

A nation’s economic development varies by region which leads to sectionalism

Economic policies can encourage growth and sectionalism

Leaders can modify institutions of government in response to challenges

Foreign policy is guided by political and economic interests and may encourage nationalism or sectionalism

First Political Parties Describe the role of Jefferson and John Adams Scaffold: Democratic-Republicans and Hamilton in shaping economics, Alexander Hamilton Federalists Political relationships can change and politics and political parties Federalists impact the domestic and foreign Thomas Jefferson Collaboration: relations of a nation Compare the views of the Platforms Democratic-Republicans and the Democratic-Republicans A government founded on the Federalists XYZ Affair Literature: Alexander Hamilton on division of power and authority may Election of 1796 Federal Power endure internal and external conflict Trace the foreign and domestic issues Alien and Sedition Acts and/or compromise that divided the first political parties Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions Literature: Thomas Jefferson on Nullification Federal Power A leader’s response to contemporary Describe the government response to issues can result in political conflict XYZ Affair Literature: Alien Act and compromise Summarize changes of the Election of Literature: Sedition Act Government policies and actions that 1796 and describe the distribution of promote national growth and create power Literature: Kentucky Resolutions sectional tension and debate Explain how the Alien and Sedition Literature: Virginia Resolutions A nation may agree on values on Acts increased federal authority and principles philosophically, but sectionalism Resource: Foreign Policy with France disagree on their practical political and economic application Explain how the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions increased The power to govern in a democratic sectionalism system is divided among groups who often times differ on how best to govern

Leaders can modify institutions of government in response to challenges

Foreign policy is guided by political and economic interests and may encourage nationalism or sectionalism

Jeffersonian Democracy Summarize the changes of the Thomas Jefferson Collaborative: Embargo of 1807 Election of 1800 and describe the Election of 1800 Government policy can promote and distribution of power Twelfth Amendment Literature: Jefferson’s Inaugural direct the migration and settlement Revolution of 1800 Address of people Explain how Marbury v. Madison Agrarian Democracy increased federal authority and Convention of 1800 While expansion and settlement may sectionalism Marbury v. Madison offer opportunities for various Judicial Review groups, it may also limit Describe the ’s John Marshall opportunities due to discrimination influence on settlement, expansion, Louisiana Purchase and racism federal authority and sectionalism Lewis and Clark Expedition Oregon Trail Political relationships can change and Describe Lewis and Clark expedition’s Barbary War impact the domestic and foreign influence on settlement and Embargo of 1807 relations of a nation expansion

A government founded on the Explain the role of trade in the division of power and authority may Barbary War endure internal and external conflict and/or compromise List the causes and consequences of the Barbary War A leader’s response to contemporary issues can result in political conflict Explain the impact of the Embargo of and compromise 1807 on sectionalism

Government policies and actions that promote national growth and create sectional tension and debate

Leaders can modify institutions of government in response to challenges

Foreign policy is guided by political and economic interests and may encourage nationalism or sectionalism

Native American Conflict Explain the impact of the Treaty of Cornplanter Collaborative: Treaty of Greenville Greenville and the Treaty of Ft. Fallen Timbers Government policy can direct the Wayne on settlement and expansion Little Turtle migration and settlement of people Treaty of Greenville Describe Native American policy Tippecanoe While expansion and settlement may (Seneca Chief Cornplanter’s Address William Henry Harrison offer opportunities for various groups to General Washington ) Tecumseh it may also limit opportunities due to The Prophet discrimination and racism Explain the impact of settlement on Treaty of Ft. Wayne Native Americans Cultural diffusion may come at the expense of cultural traditions Identify the causes for and turning points of Native American resistance Cultural diversity derived from and assess their impact on Native religious, ethnic and geographic and American policy class difference may create conflict

The idea of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

War of 1812 Trace the foreign issues that led to James Madison Resource: Madison as President the War of 1812 Government policy can promote and Impressment direct the migration and settlement Determine the challenges Seizure of people experienced by the US during the Dumping War of 1812 War Hawks While expansion and settlement may USS Chesapeake offer opportunities for various List the causes and consequences of USS Constitution “Ironside” groups, it may also limit the War of 1812 Battle of New Orleans opportunities due to discrimination and racism Explain maritime rights as cause of Fort McHenry/Battle of Baltimore the war Lake Champlain/Battle of Plattsburg Political relationships can change and Treaty of Ghent impact the domestic and foreign Describe the role of British and Status quo ante bellum relations of a nation French trade Secession A leader’s response to contemporary Describe Role of the War Hawks issues can result in political conflict and compromise Explain nationalism as a result of the war Foreign policy is guided by political and economic interests and may Explain the impact of the Treaty of encourage nationalism or Ghent on foreign policy and sectionalism sectionalism (Hartford Convention)

War results when a nation’s economic and political interests are threatened and have international consequences

Political and popular opinion of war can shift

Wars can influence social views and ideas and determine the degree of participation of citizens

Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

Nationalist Art & Literature Describe how art and literature Philip Frenau reflected nationalism Nathaniel Hawthorne Art, literature and music often reflect Knickerbockers a region’s or nation’s interest Read the literature of Philip Frenau, Washington Irving interests, values and conflicts Nathaniel Hawthorne and the James Fennimore Cooper Knickerbockers in order to describe Noah Webster National ideas often influence an the interests and values they Romanticism individual’s or group’s perceptions of represented Edgar Allan Poe themselves, their country and their Neoclassicism place in society Explore 19th C. Romanticism in order Hudson River School to describe the virtues of common people

Suffrage and Citizenship Identify the major ethnic and racial German Resource: Suffrage in the groups of the nation and assess their Scotch-Irish Constitution Diverse individuals and groups that contributions to society Native Americans settle into a particular region shape Slaves the cultural identity of that region Assess the political freedoms of Freemen and influence its development women, African Americans and Debtors/Wage earners Native Americans and immigrants in Women The idea of citizenship confers equal the new nation Suffrage rights under the law and is not Property rights dependent on inherited, involuntary Read Abigail Adams in order to Abigail Adams groupings describe women’s views on equality Phillis Wheatley

National ideas often influence an Read Phillis Wheatley in order to individual’s or group’s perceptions of describe African Americans’ views on themselves, their country and their equality place in society

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

Era of Good Feelings Describe the changes in the Election Election of 1816 Collaborative: of 1816 and its impact on the Government policy can promote and distribution of power Adams-Onis Treaty Literature: Clay’s American System direct the migration and settlement Henry Clay of people Distinguish between nationalist and Resource: Monroe Doctrine sectionalist forces in economics, Political relationships can change and politics and society American System impact the domestic and foreign relations of a nation Explain how the Tariff of 1816 Monroe Doctrine contributed to sectionalism McCulloch v. Maryland A government founded on the Gibbons v. Ogden division of power and authority may Describe the impact of the American endure internal and external conflict System and/or compromise Describe the impact of the Panic of A leader’s response to contemporary 1819 issues can result in political conflict and compromise Explain the role of Adams-Onis Treaty in expansion Government policies and actions that promote national growth and create Explain how the Missouri sectional tension and debate Compromise contributed to sectionalism A nation’s economic development varies by region which leads to Explain how the Monroe Doctrine sectionalism increased federal authority, political and economic power Economic policies can encourage growth and sectionalism Explain how Supreme Court Decisions impacted the power of the federal Leaders can modify institutions of government government in response to challenges

Foreign policy is guided by political and economic interests and may encourage nationalism or sectionalism

4 – Age of Jackson: 1820 - 1850

Objectives § Explain how environmental, cultural and economic factors and racial and ethnic groups influenced patterns of migration and settlement (3.2, 3.3) § Analyze political, economic, social, religious and cultural issues and conflicts and the compromises and reforms that resulted (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) § Summarize how philosophical, ideological, and religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems (5.1) § Explain how judicial, legislative, and executive actions affected the distribution of power between levels of government (5.2) § Explain how national economic and political interests set the direction of US foreign policy (6.1) § Explain reasons for involvement in war and the influence of war on international affairs, American politics, economics and society (6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) § Analyze the relationship between innovation, development and progress and the perception and attainment of the American Dream (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)

Topics and Concepts Tasks Vocabulary Resources & Activities

Reform and Religion Explain the role of religious values, Second Great Awakening Literature: Horace Mann political ideas and economic change Charles G. Finney Desire for self improvement and the in social reform Elizabeth Stanton Literature: Declaration of Sentiments common good can influence people Lucretia Mott to reform themselves and society Explain the role of the Second Great Susan Anthony Literature: Sojourner Truth “Ain’t I a Awakening and its impact on cultural Lucy Stone Woman” Movements for change and reform groups Seneca Falls Convention often become necessary when the Declaration of Sentiments Resource: Seneca Falls Convention relationship between a nation and its Explore the views on equality of Republican motherhood ideals are conflicting Elizabeth Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Cult of Domesticity Susan Anthony, Lucy Stone and the Dorothea Dix Reform movements require the Seneca Falls Convention Rehabilitation leadership and participation of Horace Mann various individuals and groups Read Sojourner Truth’s “Aint I a Common schools Woman” and summarize her views Normal schools The strategies used to achieve reform on equality Utopian communities produce varying degrees of success Brook Farm and opposition Explain the significance of the Oneida women’s movement and change New Harmony National ideals may not always be from republican motherhood to cult attainable or equitable for everyone of domesticity

Explain the significance of Dorothea Dix’s mental illness and Horace Mann’s education reforms

Describe the role of reform in creating a democratic society

Describe how Brook Farm, Oneida, and New Harmony met the ideals of utopian communities

Evaluate the effectiveness of reform movements

Transcendentalism & Humanism Read the work of Ralph Waldo Transcendentalism Emerson and summarize his views on Ralph Waldo Emerson Art, literature and music often reflect democratic society and explain the “Self-Reliance” a region’s or nation’s interest influence of Transcendentalism Henry David Thoreau interests, values and conflicts “Civil Disobedience” Read the work of Henry David Humanism National ideas often influence an Thoreau and summarize his views on Walt Whitman individual’s or group’s perceptions of democratic society and explain the Leaves of Grass themselves, their country and their influence of Transcendentalism place in society Read the work of Walt Whitman and summarize his views on democratic society and explain the influence of Humanism

Slavery and Abolition Interpret the different views in Abolition Resource: Abolition defense and condemnation of slavery Alexis de Tocqueville Desire for self improvement and the John Calhoun Resource: Frederick Douglas common good can influence people Explain the significance of the Frederick Douglas to reform themselves and society abolitionist movement William Lloyd Garrison Sojourner Truth Movements for change and reform Describe the impact of slavery on Harriet Jacobs often become necessary when the African Americans (plantation life & Grimke Sisters relationship between a nation and its slave religion) Denmark Vessey ideals are conflicting Nat Turner Explore the views of Frederick Reform movements require the Douglas, William Lloyd Garrison, leadership and participation of Sojourner Truth, Harriet Jacobs in various individuals and groups defense of equality

The strategies used to achieve reform Read Frederick Douglas “What to a produce varying degrees of success Slave is the Fourth of July” and and opposition summarize his views on equality

The idea of citizenship confers equal Explain the impact of Nat Turner’s rights under the law and is not Rebellion dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

Industrial Revolution Describe the Industrial Revolution’s Samuel Slater Activity: Morse Code translator impact on settlement and culture Cottage system A nation’s economic development Factory system Resource: Industrial Revolution varies by region which leads to Explain the Lowell System’s impact Lowell system sectionalism on northern economies Robert Fulton Steamboat Economic policies can encourage Describe the contributions of ethnic Samuel Morse growth and sectionalism minorities to industrial growth Telegraph Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Individual risks, aspirations and Give the new technologies of the Eerie Canal ingenuity often lead to innovation, Industrial Revolution (steamboat, Eli Whitney growth and progress telegraph, railroad) Interchangeable Parts Cotton Gin Summarize the changing living Cyrus McCormick conditions of Americans and Mechanical Reaper immigrants due to technology John Deere Steel plow Explain the impact of agriculture and Elias Howe industry by region (Eerie Canal and Sewing Machine Cotton Gin) Charles Goodyear Rubber Distinguish between nationalist and sectionalist inventions

Jacksonian Democracy Describe the changes in the election Election of 1824 Write-to-Learn: Issues during the of 1824 and 1828 and explain the Jackson Years Political relationships can change and distribution of power Andrew Jackson impact the domestic and foreign Corrupt Bargain Write-to-Learn: Changes during affairs Explain the role of economic policy Election of 1828 Jackson’s Presidency on sectionalism and states’ rights Spoils system A government founded on the issues (Tariff of 1828 and National Kitchen cabinet Resource: Nullification Crisis division of power and authority may Bank) Tariff of 1828 endure internal and external conflict Tariff of Abominations Resource: Issues of 1828 and compromise Explain the role of law in increasing National Bank federal authority and sectionalism Pet Banks Resource: Election of 1828 A leader’s response to contemporary Whigs issues can result in political conflict Describe how political parties Democrats and compromise included equality and freedom in SC Exposition and Protest political party platforms (Whigs and Nullification Government policies that promote Democrats) Secession national growth can create tension and debate Explain the impact of Andrew Jackson’s political scandal A nation’s economic development varies by region which leads to Describe the benefits of Jacksonian sectionalism Democracy to the common man

Economic policies can encourage Summarize John Calhoun’s SC growth and sectionalism Exposition and Protest and explain how it increased sectionalism A nation may agree on values on principles philosophically, but disagree on their practical political and economic application

The power to govern in a democratic system is divided among groups who often times differ on how best to govern

Leaders can modify institutions of government in response to challenges

Indian Removal Explain the impact of settlement and Sequoyah Resource: Andrew Jackson on Indian migration on American Indians Elias Boudinot Removal Government policy can promote and Indian Removal Act direct the migration and settlement Explain the influence of Native Worcester v. Georgia Resource: Cherokee Removal of people Americans on settlement Trail of Tears

While expansion and settlement may Read the work of Elias Boudinot and offer opportunities for various summarize his views on Native groups, it may also limit American rights opportunities due to discrimination and racism Give the reasons for Indian Removal

Cultural diffusion may come at the expense of cultural traditions

Cultural diversity derived from religious, ethnic and geographic and class difference may create conflict

The idea of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

Mexican-American War Trace the territorial expansion of the Resource: Election of 1840 US and assess its impact Webster-Ashburton Treaty Government policy can promote and Election of 1844 Resource: Mexican-American War direct the migration and settlement Explain the role of manifest destiny “54’40 or Fight” of people as cause for the Mexican American James K. Polk Literature: Henry David Thoreau’s War John O’Sullivan “Civil Disobedience” A nation may agree on values on Henry David Thoreau principles philosophically, but Explain the Mexican War as sectional Impresario disagree on their practical political conflict Stephen Austin and economic application Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana Describe the anti-War sentiment of Republic of Texas Foreign policy is guided by political the Mexican American War The Alamo and economic interests and may Sam Houston encourage nationalism or Summarize James K. Polk’s and John Zackary Taylor sectionalism O’Sullivan’s defense of expansion Winfield Scott

War results when a nation’s Summarize Henry David Thoreau’s economic and political interests are critique of expansion threatened and have international consequences

Political and popular opinion of war can shift

Wars can influence social views and ideas and determine the degree of participation of citizens

Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

Expansion and Conflict Explain the impact of the Mexican Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo War, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Gadsden Purchase Government policy can promote and and Gadsden Purchase’s on David Wilmot direct the migration and settlement settlement, expansion, political Wilmot Proviso of people security and nationalism Northern Democrats Southern Democrats Government policies and actions that Describe the sectionalist Whigs promote national growth can create compromises of the Mexican Henry Clay sectional tension and debate American War Election of 1848 Describe the role of Mexican Lewis Cass American War in economic Popular Sovereignty development Free Soil Party

Explain the failure of compromise in regards to slavery

Summarize Henry Clay’s and Daniel Webster’s defense of nationalism

Westward Expansion Give the reasons for moving west and Mormons explain the role of manifest destiny Joseph Smith Individuals and groups are sometimes Bingham Young motivated to relocate and take risks Describe the conflict between groups Mormon Trail in order to improve their quality of moving west Sante Fe Trail life Forty-niners Describe the discrimination against Nativism Diverse individuals and groups that groups moving west (Mormons) Irish immigrants settle into a particular region shape German immigrants the cultural identity and Give the consequences of the Chinese immigrants development of that region (Forty-niners)

Government policy can promote and direct the migration and settlement of people

While expansion and settlement may offer opportunities for various groups, it may also limit opportunities due to discrimination and racism

Immigrants are often challenged with economic hardship and discrimination

The idea of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

5 – Civil War Era: 1850 – 1865

Objectives § Explain how environmental, cultural and economic factors and racial and ethnic groups influenced patterns of migration and settlement (3.2, 3.3) § Analyze the political, economic, social and cultural issues and conflicts and the compromises that resulted (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) § Summarize how philosophical, ideological, and religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems (5.1) § Explain how judicial, legislative, and executive actions affected the distribution of power between levels of government (5.2) § Explain reasons for involvement in war and the influence of war on international affairs, American politics, economics, and society (6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) § Analyze the relationship between innovation, development and progress and the perception and attainment of the American Dream (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)

Topics and Concepts Tasks Vocabulary Resources & Activities

Slavery Trace the evolution and impact of the Underground Railroad Literature: A Slave’s Letter to his slavery/abolition debate Conductor Master Desire for self improvement and the Station common good can influence people Explain the influence of the Slave catcher Literature: Uncle Tom’s Cabin to reform themselves and society Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman Harriet B. Stowe Resource: Slavery v. Abolition Movements for change and reform Explain the significance of the Uncle Tom’s Cabin often become necessary when the abolitionist movement Frederick Douglas relationship between a nation and its David Walker ideals are conflicting Read Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Sojourner Truth summarize the views of slavery and Reform movements require the explain its impact on the slavery leadership and participation of debate various individuals and groups

The strategies used to achieve reform produce varying degrees of success and opposition

The idea of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

Sectionalism Explain the impact of expansion on John Calhoun Literature: Fugitive Slave Act slavery Daniel Webster Political relationships can change and Henry Clay Literature: John Brown’s Address to impact the domestic and foreign Explain the failure of compromise in Compromise of 1850 the Court affairs regards to slavery Fugitive Slave Act Popular Sovereignty Resource: Kansas-Nebraska Act A government founded on the Explain the influence of government Election of 1852 division of power and authority may action on settlement (Kansas- Republican Party endure internal and external conflict Nebraska Act) Democratic Party and compromise Know-Nothings Give the causes and consequences of Kansas Nebraska Act A leader’s response to contemporary the of the Panic of 1857 Bleeding Kansas issues can result in political conflict Border Ruffians and compromise Explain how the Compromise of Sack of Lawrence 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act and Dred Brooks-Sumter Incident Government policies that promote Scott added to sectional conflict Election of 1856 national growth can create tension Dred Scott v. Sanford and debate Explain how the Fugitive Slave Act Panic of 1857 added to sectional conflict Douglas-Lincoln Debates A nation may agree on values on Freeport Doctrine principles philosophically, but John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry disagree on their practical political and economic application

The power to govern in a democratic system is divided among groups who often times differ on how best to govern

Secession Describe the changes in the election Election of 1860 Resource: Election of 1860 of 1860 and its impact on the Southern Democrats Political relationships can change and distribution of power Northern Democrats impact the domestic and foreign Constitution Union Party Resource: Roles in Election of 1860 affairs Describe how the Republican Party Republican Party included freedom and equality in United States of America Resource: Lincoln and the Union A government founded on the their platform Confederate States of America division of power and authority may Border States Resource: Lincoln’s First Inaugural endure internal and external conflict Identify the seceding states and Jefferson Davis Address and compromise explain their reasons for doing so Fort Sumter

A leader’s response to contemporary Read Abraham’s Lincoln’s First issues can result in political conflict inaugural address and summarize his and compromise views on secession

Government policies that promote national growth can create tension and debate

A nation may agree on values on principles philosophically, but disagree on their practical political and economic application

The power to govern in a democratic system is divided among groups who often times differ on how best to govern

North versus South Assess the advantages and Yankees Collaborative: North versus South disadvantages of the North and South Secessionists/Rebels Regions may experience differences during the war Southern Codes/Chivalry in economic growth, political “Dixie” systems and social structures due to Identify and assess the strategies and “Battle Hymn of the Republic” geographic and cultural diversity turning points of the war Ulysses S. Grant George McClellan Diverse individuals and groups that Describe the social and cultural views Robert E. Lee settle into a particular region shape and attitudes of the North and South Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson the cultural identity of that region at the outbreak of war and explain William T. Sherman and influence its development how they influenced the war and its Winfield Scott outcome Anaconda Plan

Describe the Civil War as “irrepressible conflict”

First Years of the Civil War 1861- Identify and assess the strategies and Bull Run 1862 turning points of the war Hampton’s Road Merrimac and Monitor War results when a nation’s Describe the changes in warfare and Ironclads economic and political interests are assess their impact on the outcome Seven Days Battle threatened and have international of the war Second Bull Run consequences Antietam Read the Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation Political and popular opinion of war and describe its impact on federal Fredericksburg can shift power Fort McHenry & Fort Donelson Shiloh Wars can influence social views and ideas and determine the degree of participation of citizens

Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

Last Years of the Civil War 1863-1864 Identify and assess the strategies and Chancellorsville Literature: Gettysburg Address turning points of the war Gettysburg War results when a nation’s Gettysburg Address Resource: Gettysburg Address economic and political interests are Describe the changes in warfare and Vicksburg threatened and have international assess their impact on the outcome Petersburg Resource: Gettysburg and Vicksburg consequences of the war Seige of Atlanta

Political and popular opinion of war Read Gettysburg Address and can shift summarize its views on equality

Wars can influence social views and ideas and determine the degree of participation of citizens

Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

War Effort Explain the role of Abraham Lincoln Income tax Literature: Lincoln’s Second Inaugural in strong national government Greenbacks Address Government policy can promote and Conscription direct the migration and settlement Describe the economic impact of war Habeas Corpus Resource: Draft Riots of people mobilization Peace Democrats/Copperheads Election of 1864 Resource: Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Government policies and actions that Explain the impact of the Morrill Land Morrill Land Grant Address promote national growth can create Grant, Homestead Act and Homestead Act sectional tension and debate Exodusters on expansion Exodusters Resource: Lincoln and Wartime Clara Barton Politics Political and popular opinion of war American Red Cross can shift

Wars can influence social views and ideas and determine the degree of participation of citizens

Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

War can influence the political decisions and participation of citizens and leaders

A nation’s government can assume more power and authority during war

War’s End and Impact Explain the impact of the Civil War on Total War Resource: Impact of the War regional economies and cultures Sherman’s March to the Sea Political and popular opinion of war Appomattox Courthouse can shift Describe the consequences of battles John Wilkes Booth on southern economies Wars can influence social views and ideas and determine the degree of Explain the impact of secession on participation of citizens the strength of the federal government Civilians and their governments will economically sacrifice and suffer because of war

Nations have difficulty financing wars and overcoming the results of war

War can influence the political decisions and participation of citizens and leaders

A nation’s government can assume more power and authority during war

6 - : 1865 – 1880

Objectives § Explain how environmental, cultural and economic factors and racial and ethnic groups influenced patterns of migration and settlement (3.2, 3.3) § Analyze voluntary and involuntary immigration in terms of causes, destination, contribution, and response (3.4) § Analyze the economic, political, social and cultural issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through Reconstruction and the compromises that resulted (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) § Summarize how philosophical, ideological, and religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems (5.1) § Analyze the relationship between innovation, development and progress and the perception and attainment of the American Dream (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)

Topic and Concept Task Vocabulary Resources

Reconstruction Explain the impact of Andrew Tenure of Office Act Literature: Thaddeus Stephen’s Johnson’s political scandal Radical Republicans Speech to Congress Political relationships can change and Thaddeus Stephens impact the domestic and foreign Explain the impact of Radical Freedmen’s Bureau Resource: Reconstruction affairs between people and nations Reconstruction Panic of 1873 Election of 1876 A government founded on the Give the causes and consequences of Compromise of 1877 division of power and authority may the Panic of 1873 endure internal and external debates that can lead to conflict and/or Describe the changes in the election compromise of 1876

A leader’s response to contemporary Explain the Influence of Ulysses S. issues can lead to conflict or Grant’s political scandal compromise Explain how the Compromise of 1877 A nation may agree on values on impacted federal authority principles philosophically, but disagree on their practical political and economic application

The power to govern in a democratic system is divided among groups who often times differ on how best to govern

New South Explain why Reconstruction came to KKK Resource: Aftermath of an end and its political and economic Southern Redemption/Solid South Reconstruction Relationships between individuals an impact on groups Scalawag groups may change as economic Carpebagger circumstances change Explain the impact of Reconstruction on federal power Cultural diversity derived from religious, ethnic and geographic and Describe the benefits for scalawags class difference may create conflict and carpetbaggers

African American Freedom Describe the impact of new freedom Great Migration on African American migration Thirteenth Amendment The idea of citizenship confers equal Fourteenth Amendment rights under the law and is not Explain the effects of Reconstruction Fifteenth Amendment dependent on inherited, involuntary on freed slaves Jim Crow groupings Black Codes Describe the impact of the 13,14 and National ideals may not always be 15 Amendments attainable or equitable for everyone Describe the economic benefits for freed slaves

The Frontier Explain the reasons for moving West Chinese immigrants and the role of manifest destiny Irish immigrants Individuals and groups are sometimes Transcontinental Railroad are motivated to relocate and take Describe the conflict between groups Refrigerator Car risks in order to improve their quality moving west Windmill of life Barbed wire Describe the discrimination against Air brakes Regions may experience differences racial and ethnic groups moving west Steam turbine in economic growth, political systems, and social structures due to Explain the impact of technological cultural and geographic diversity innovations of the frontier (barbed wire, farming, air breaks, steam The development of technology and turbines) industry encourages immigration, urban development, and ethnic diversity

Diverse individuals and groups that settle into a particular region shape the cultural identity and development of that region

While expansion and settlement may offer opportunities for various groups, it may also limit opportunities due to discrimination and racism

Immigrants are often challenged with economic hardship and discrimination

Indian Wars Describe the impact of settlement on Treaty of Ft. Laramie American Indians Sand Creek Massacre While expansion and settlement may Little Big Horn offer opportunities for various Describe the influence of Native Wounded Knee groups, it may also limit Americans on settlement Dawes Severalty Act opportunities due to discrimination and racism Explain the reasons for and impact of American Indian removal Cultural diffusion may come at the expense of cultural traditions

Cultural diversity derived from religious, ethnic and geographic and class difference may create conflict

The idea of citizenship confers equal rights under the law and is not dependent on inherited, involuntary groupings

National ideals may not always be attainable or equitable for everyone

Urban Culture Explain the factors that led to the rise Nativism of urban culture Order of the Star-Spangled Banner The development of technology and Forty-eighters industry encourages immigration, Describe the changes in living Know Nothings urban development, and ethnic conditions for Americans due to Naturalization Act of 1870 Harper’s diversity technology Weekly

Immigrants are often challenged with Give the contributions of ethnic economic hardship and minorities to industrial growth discrimination Describe the political and economic Individual risks, aspirations and discrimination of ethnic minorities ingenuity often lead to innovation, growth and progress Explain the rise of nativism