Intro to Cheese Making
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White Brined Cheese Production by Incorporation of a Traditional Milk-Cereal Prebiotic Matrix with a Candidate Probiotic Bacterial Strain
applied sciences Article White Brined Cheese Production by Incorporation of a Traditional Milk-Cereal Prebiotic Matrix with a Candidate Probiotic Bacterial Strain Stavros Plessas 1,* , Vasillios Ganatsios 2 , Ioanna Mantzourani 1 and Loulouda Bosnea 3 1 Laboratory of Food Processing, Department of Agriculture Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200 Orestiada, Greece; [email protected] 2 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Oenology, International Hellenic University, 66100 Drama, Greece; [email protected] 3 Dairy Research Department, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘DIMITRA’, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +30-2552041141; Fax: +30-255204141 Featured Application: Novel functional dairy product. Abstract: The aim of the present study is the evaluation of a novel potentially probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei SP5, previously isolated from dairy products, as a starter culture of white brined cheese production, either free or immobilized on a traditional food, “trahanas”, in order to provide protection to the starter culture and a prebiotic effect. All produced cheeses were compared with cheese manufactured by renin enzyme. Several parameters that affect the acceptability, quality, and shelf Citation: Plessas, S.; Ganatsios, V.; life of white brined cheese were investigated, including microbial populations, physicochemical Mantzourani, I.; Bosnea, L. White characteristics, and cheese volatiles through 70 days of ripening and storage. White brined cheese Brined Cheese Production by production by free or immobilized L. paracasei SP5 resulted in significantly higher acidity (over 0.8 g Incorporation of a Traditional of lactic acid/100 g of cheese at the 70th day of ripening) and significantly reduced counts (around Milk-Cereal Prebiotic Matrix with a 50%) of coliforms, yeasts, and fungi compared to cheese produced with no starter culture. -
Manufacture of Reduced Fat White-Brined Cheese with the Addition of Β-Glucans Biobased Polysaccharides As Textural Properties Improvements
polymers Article Manufacture of Reduced Fat White-Brined Cheese with the Addition of β-Glucans Biobased Polysaccharides as Textural Properties Improvements Efthymia Kondyli 1,*, Eleni C. Pappa 1 , Alexandra Kremmyda 2, Dimitris Arapoglou 3, Maria Metafa 3, Christos Eliopoulos 3 and Cleanthes Israilides 3 1 Dairy Research Department, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece; [email protected] 2 Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK; [email protected] 3 Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; [email protected] (D.A.); [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (C.E.); [email protected] (C.I.) * Correspondence: kondyliefi@gmail.com; Tel.: +30-265-109-4780 Received: 17 September 2020; Accepted: 6 November 2020; Published: 10 November 2020 Abstract: β-Glucan, isolated from the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, at a concentration of 0.4%, was used in the manufacture of reduced-fat white-brined cheese from sheep milk. Control reduced-fat cheese was also produced from the same milk without the addition of β-glucan. The resultant cheeses were examined for their physicochemical characteristics, color and textural properties, and level of proteolysis and lipolysis. Furthermore, cheeses were evaluated organoleptically. In general, there were no statistical differences in the physicochemical characteristics and proteolysis levels found between both cheeses. The addition of β-glucan improved textural properties, and the cheeses received favorable grades for all the organoleptic characteristics. There were no flavor defects (such as a bitter taste) described by the panellists in this study. -
Flavor Description and Classification of Selected Natural Cheeses Delores H
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by K-State Research Exchange Culinary Arts and Sciences V: Global and National Perspectives, 2005, ed. Edwards, J.S.A., Kowrygo, B, & Rejman, K. pp 641-654, Publisher, Worshipful Company of Cooks Research Centre, Bournemouth, Poole, UK Flavor description and classification of selected natural cheeses Delores H. Chambers1, Edgar Chambers IV1 and Dallas Johnson2 1The Sensory Analysis Center, Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Justin Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506-1407, USA 2Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, Dickens Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA Abstract Intensities of 30 flavor attributes were measured for 42 cheeses. Rated intensities of flavor characteristics generally fell in the low to moderate range for all cheeses. Some of the flavor characteristics (dairy fat, dairy sour, dairy sweet, sharp, astringent, bitter, salty, sour, and sweet) were present in all cheeses, and some (cooked milk, animalic, goaty, fruity, moldy, mushroom, and nutty) were specific to only a few of the cheeses evaluated in this study. The flavor of each of the 42 cheeses is described. Similarities in flavor were observed among many of the individual cheeses. Therefore, a clustering scheme was developed to show the overall flavor relationships among the cheeses. Those relationships are schematically represented by a tree diagram. Proximity on the tree diagram indicates a high degree of flavor similarity among the types of cheese. Introduction In most countries, consumption of cheese has been on the rise over the past decades (Richards, 1989; Magretti, 1996; Havrila, 1997; Hoebermann, 1997; Anonymous, 2002). -
The Art of Cheesemaking
The Art of Cheesemaking What was Little Miss Muffett doing while she sat on her tuffet? She was eating cheese, of course: curds and whey! Ever wonder how natural cheese gets produced? Cheesemaking is a process at once infinitely complex and delightfully simple. Here are the steps. Milk: Quality cheese begins as quality milk. In fact, cheese is why they’re also known as grana-style). To make softer 1 is sometimes referred to as milk’s leap toward immortality. cheeses, such as Mozzarella and Ricotta the curds are cut into Before the cheesemaking process can begin, fluid milk is larger pieces and then very gently maneuvered. tested for purity and quality. Fun fact: It takes nearly 10 pounds of milk to produce just one pound of cheese. Heating & Hooping: Gentle stirring and heating continues until 7 the desired firmness of the curd is achieved. Afterwards, the Standardization: Many commercially-produced cheeses whey is drained, leaving behind just the gelatinous solids. The 2 undergo a heat treatment known as pasteurization that curds are gently molded by being placed into appropriately eliminates the natural microflora of the fluid milk. Part of sized “hoops.” The shape of the hoop reflects the desired final what makes artisan cheese so special is that the cheese is shape of the cheese. often made on the same farm where the animals are milked. This is known as farmstead cheesemaking. Artisan cheese is Pressing: The pressing step helps to determine the final shape also sometimes produced with raw milk, which lends natural 8 and texture of the cheese, as well as to continue to regulate its starter cultures and taste-enhancing microbes. -
Cheese Making Sources: One-Hour Cheese by Claudia Lucero; Edgewood Creamery Website; Science.Howstuffworks.Com;
The Basic Science (It’s Magic!) Behind Cheese Making Sources: One-Hour Cheese by Claudia Lucero; Edgewood Creamery website; Science.HowStuffWorks.Com; Instructional video available on Driftwood Public Library’s new YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OY39X-eSLLI&t=144s “Cheesemaking is the controlled process of removing water from milk. This process concentrates the milk’s protein, fat and other nutrients and increases its shelf life. Cheesemaking is one of the earliest examples of biotechnology.” – Edgewood Creamery Like sourdough bread, making cheese is one of the earliest forms of microbiology. The transformation of milk into cheese is one of the most extraordinary of all human discoveries. No one knows exactly when, but it is believed to have happened at about the same time as the domestication of animals such as goats in the fertile crescent region of the Middle East, around 6,000-7,000BC. It is unknown when the first cheese was made, but the legend goes that a nomad was carrying milk in a pouch made of a calf’s stomach lining. Over time (and at the right temperature) the milk fermented. Not wanting to waste the chunky milk, the nomad tried it and liked it. This legend about the first cheese is not unlike that of the first sourdough leavened bread. The components of Cheese: Milk: Made up of water, fats, proteins, bacteria, lactose (a sugar), minerals and more. Unpasteurized milk also contains the enzyme lactase, which helps you digest milk. Salt: Besides adding flavor, “salt is also a great preservative and, under the right conditions, can help turn a previously highly perishable substance (milk) into a stable cheese that doesn’t require regular refrigeration.” Note: When making one-hour cheese, we only use salt for flavor and to control the amount of whey we leave in the curds for texture. -
Measuring and Controlling Acidity and Moisture
CENTER FOR DAIRY RESEARCH DAIRY PIPELINE A TECHNICAL RESOURCE FOR DAIRY MANUFACTURERS WINTER 2020 | VOL. 31, No. 4 ESSENTIAL PRINCIPLES OF CHEESEMAKING (PART 2): MEASURING AND CONTROLLING ACIDITY AND MOISTURE In the last issue of the Dairy Pipeline, we covered how we’re concentrating fat, we’re concentrating protein, and to establish and maintain a starter culture program. we’re using up a large majority of the lactose retained in In this article, we’re discussing how to measure and the curd to develop a significant amount of lactic acid, control acidity and moisture during the cheesemaking which drops the pH,” Sommer said. process. This article is part two of a two-part article that takes a deep dive into some essential principles that Milk has a pH of about 6.6-6.7, but during cheesemakers of all levels should know in order to make cheesemaking acid is developed and the pH drops, consistent, quality cheese. i.e. Cheddar has a pH of about 5.1. The cheesemaking process also reduces the moisture content—milk Part 1: Establishing and Maintaining a Starter typically has a moisture content of about 87% whereas Culture Program (last issue) Cheddar has a moisture content of about 38%. Part 2: Measuring and Controlling Acidity and Moisture During the Cheesemaking Process Why Measure Acidity and Moisture? “All cheesemakers should be monitoring acidity and moisture because they drive how the cheese is going to turn out,” explains Andy Johnson, outreach specialist/ assistant coordinator, CDR Cheese Industry and Applications group. Dean Sommer, CDR cheese and food technologist, agrees, “Controlling acidity and moisture content— those are two of the really big keys to successful cheesemaking. -
Annual and General Meetings Cover Audit, Board, and Officer Elections
OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE PARK SLOPE FOOD COOP Established 1973 Volume LL, Number 14 July 20, 2017 The June Double Feature: Urban Forester Guides Annual and General Meetings Cover Your Shopping Home Audit, Board, and Officer Elections By Heidi Brown cat had safely fallen from the ate one night this summer, tree. Galiley’s services were LJosh Galiley got a call from no longer required. a Fort Greene woman who If you’ve ever had a walker sounded desperate. Her cat help you get your purchases was stuck in a tree after being back home on a Thursday chased by a dog. An enter- evening, there’s a chance you prising rock climber had tried were accompanied by a pro- to rescue the cat and had no fessional tree climber. For the luck. A tree pruner had also last 10 years, Josh Galiley, a made the attempt without Park Slope resident and the success. A while later, Gali- son of a Brooklyn native, has ley grabbed his gear and was been the Tree Care Supervi- headed out the door when he sor for the Central Park Con- got another call: The woman’s CONTINUED ON PAGE 3 ILLUSTRATION BY DEBORAH TINT By Frank Haberle candidate for the Board, corporation.” Encouraging n June 27, Coop mem- incumbent Bill Penner, was members to ask questions, Obers filled the Saint overwhelming elected to a Joe introduced Robert Reit- Francis Xavier Auditorium new term, and the officers man of Cornick, Gabler and on President Street to par- of the corporation were all Sandler LLP, the Coop’s out- ticipate in a dual meeting— re-elected. -
CHEESE and WHEY: the Outcome of Milk Curdling
foods Editorial CHEESE and WHEY: The Outcome of Milk Curdling Golfo Moatsou * and Ekaterini Moschopoulou Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +30-210-529-4630 The present Special Issue is dedicated to both products of the cheesemaking process, that is cheese and whey. Cheese is an excellent and complex food matrix that preserves in concentrated form valuable milk constituents, such as proteins, minerals, vitamins, and biofunctional lipids. The formation of cheese mass requires the removal of whey, i.e., water and soluble milk substances—proteins, minerals, lactose, and vitamins—. According to Fox and McSweeney [1], cheese is the most diverse group of dairy products manufactured from a few kinds of milk by means of a protocol that is more or less common in respect to the first 24 h of manufacture. They suggest that cheese is the most interesting and challenging dairy product due to an inherent instability that results from a series of biochemical changes. Whey is the valuable byproduct derived from the cheesemaking process. Lactose and whey proteins are the main compounds of whey and the main reasons for its valorization, through the production of whey cheeses, functional/nutritional whey proteins concentrate, bioactive peptides, and oligosaccharides [2,3]. In the present article collection, two publications for the Parmigiano Reggiano cheese are included. Considering the demanding cheese making conditions and the long-term ripening of this cheese variety, relevant studies are of particular importance. Franceschi et al. [4] designed a two-year study in various cheese factories to assess the performance Citation: Moatsou, G.; of milk with high somatic cell count (SCC), i.e., from 400,000 to 1,000,000, when it is used Moschopoulou, E. -
18º Curso De Mestrado Em Saúde Pública 2015-2017 Saturated Fat
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositório Científico do Instituto Nacional de Saúde 18º Curso de Mestrado em Saúde Pública 2015-2017 Saturated fat, sodium and sugar in selected food items: A comparison across six European countries Jennifer Marie Tretter Ferreira September, 2017 i “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” Benjamin Franklin ii iii 18º Curso de Mestrado em Saúde Pública 2015-2017 Saturated fat, sodium and sugar in selected food items: A comparison across six European countries Dissertation submitted to meet the requisites required to obtain a Master's Degree in Public Health, carried out under the scientific guidance of Dr. Carla Nunes and Dr. Maria Graça Dias. September, 2017 iv v Special thanks to the availability and guidance of Dr. Carla Nunes and Dr. Maria Graça Dias. For patiently answering questions, explaining processes and always directing me on the correct path. You both have been amazing mentors. A special thanks as well to Dr. Isabel Andrade. You have been a wealth of knowledge and relief on the technical side of writing. This thesis is dedicated to: Edgar for always supporting my goals and life ambitions André and Daniel, my two continual motivations to pursue the best in life Manuela and Agnelo for their availability and kindness to help pick up wherever I could not Mom and Dad for the constant moral and monetary support throughout my life and this process vi vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments...........................................................................................................vi -
Irish Farmhouse Cheeses
YOUR GUIDE TO Irish Farmhouse Cheeses Growing the success of Irish food & horticulture www.bordbia.ie Foreword Irish farmhouse cheese plays a fundamental role in the growth and development of Ireland’s artisan dairy sector. From its beginnings over thirty years ago, the sector has grown to encompass 47 producers and over 127 individual cheese types. The sheer breadth of cheese produced signifies the innovation and ingenuity this group of entrepreneurs has to offer. Research conducted by Bord Bia in 2010 identifies opportunities for farmhouse cheese on the domestic and export markets. Even in the toughest trading environments, farmhouse cheese fulfils specific consumer needs. Throughout our research programme for farmhouse cheese, we have uncovered drivers of brand choice, market segmentation, and consumer purchase processes. The purpose of this guide is to give you information on the cheeses and cheesemakers our artisan sector has to offer. Incorporating these products into your product portfolio will not only enhance your range; it will provide a basis from which consumers will identify your retail or foodservice credentials. Our strategy to assist small businesses is delivered through our Bord Bia Vantage platform. We encourage you to visit our relaunched site, www.bordbiavantage.ie, to see what’s on offer and find out more about our other small food business sectors. Your Guide to Irish Farmhouse Cheese First published in 2010 by Bord Bia Aidan Cotter 1st Edition Copyright © Bord Bia Chief Executive Bord Bia All rights reserved. The purpose of this guide is to provide a comprehensive catalogue of Irish farmhouse cheesemakers and their extensive range of cheese products. -
Burren Ood Trail Burren Food Trail
BURRENBurrenBurren FoodFoodFOOD TrailTrail Trail Diners can enjoy chef-proprietor Come and experience the buzz on The Roadside Tavern which Aidan McGrath’s cooking served a Saturday morning in was established in 1865 as a in a relaxed setting in the Ennistymon. At present the pub, then was expanded into bar. Awarded a Michelin Bib market sells a variety of fresh a bakery, now also harbours a Gourmand within six months of organic vegetables and fruit in micro-brewery under its roof. opening, other awards include season, local rare breed pork, Why not sample the taster National Hospitality Awards farmhouse cheeses, fresh fish, menu of Burren Microbrewery ‘Best Pub with Food’ 2011 and fresh herbs and seedlings, beers: Burren Gold, a delicious 2012. The food emphasis is on plants, jams, chutneys and colourful lager; Burren Red, a the wild, free-range, seasonal preserves, breads and cakes, spicy, slightly sweet ale which and local, with a modern raw chocolate, gluten free even features a hint of smoke; bistro style. Our Signature baking, handmade soap and Burren Black, a smooth and Dish is Braised Pork Cheek, more, all made lovingly by Wild Honey Inn Ennistymon Farmer’s Market full-bodied stout. At the Burren Brewery at My Kaywa QR-Code wild mushrooms, gnocchi, our local farmers and artisan same time, meet the Master http://www.roadsidetavern.ie smoked bacon velouté. This Tel: 00353 (0) 65 707 4300 food producers. Ennistymon Mobile: 00353 85 760 7037 Brewer, Peter Curtin, and The Roadside Tavern Tel: 00353 (0) 65 707 4084 is a wholesome dish, full Mobile: 00353 (0) 87 681 4947 Farmer’s Market has 00353 86 053 6644 delve a little deeper into the of flavour, prepared using www.wildhoneyinn.com successfully met the criteria www.ennistymonfarmersmarket.com Mobile: 00353 (0) 87 830 0069 history of the brewery and www.roadsidetavern.ie the best of local seasonal Where: Wild Honey Inn, Lisdoonvarna. -
My European Recipe Book
My European Recipe Book Recipes collected by students and teachers during the COMENIUS-Project “Common Roots – Common Future” in the years 2010 - 2012 In the years 2010 – 2012 the following schools worked together in the COMENIUS-Project “COMMON ROOTS – COMMON FUTURE” - Heilig-Harthandelsinstituut Waregem, Belgium - SOU Ekzarh Antim I Kazanlak, Bulgaria - Urspringschule Schelklingen, Germany - Xantus Janos Kettannyelvu Idegenforgalmi Kozepiskola es Szakkepzo Iskola Budapest, Hungary - Fjölbrautaskolinn I Breidholti Reykjavik, Iceland - Sykkylven vidaregaaende skule Sykkylven, Norway - Wallace Hall Academy Thornhill, Scotland <a href="http://de.fotolia.com/id/24737519" title="" alt="">WoGi</a> - Fotolia.com © WoGi - Fotolia.com ~ 1 ~ During the project meetings in the participating countries the students and teachers were cooking typical meals from their country or region, they exchanged the recipes and we decided to put all these family recipes together to a recipe book. As the recipes are based on different measurements and temperature scales we have added conversion tables for your (and our) help. At the end of the recipe book you will find a vocabulary list with the most common ingredients for the recipes in the languages used in the countries involved in the project. For the order of recipes we decided to begin with starters and soups being followed by various main courses and desserts. Finally we have added a chapter about typical cookies and cakes. We learned during the project work, that making cookies yourself is not common in many of the countries involved in this project, but nevertheless many nice cookies recipes exist – we wanted to give them some space here and we hope that you will try out some of them! We have added a DVD which shows the making of some of the dishes during the meetings and also contains the recipes.