Assessment report NULOJIX International Nonproprietary Name: Belatacept Procedure No. EMEA/H/C/2098 Assessment Report as adopted by the CHMP with all information of a commercially confidential nature deleted. 7 Westferry Circus ● Canary Wharf ● London E14 4HB ● United Kingdom Telephone +44 (0)20 7418 8400 Facsimile +44 (0)20 7523 7455 E-mail [email protected] Website www.ema.europa.eu An agency of the European Union Table of contents 1. Background information on the procedure .............................................. 4 1.1. Submission of the dossier.................................................................................... 4 1.2. Steps taken for the assessment of the product ....................................................... 4 2. Scientific discussion ................................................................................ 5 2.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 5 2.2. Quality aspects .................................................................................................. 7 2.3. Non-clinical aspects .......................................................................................... 12 Methods of analysis ................................................................................................ 17 Absorption............................................................................................................. 18 Distribution............................................................................................................ 18 Metabolism ............................................................................................................ 18 Excretion............................................................................................................... 18 Pharmacokinetic drug interactions............................................................................. 18 Single dose toxicity................................................................................................. 19 Repeat-dose toxicity ............................................................................................... 19 Genotoxicity .......................................................................................................... 22 Carcinogenicity....................................................................................................... 22 Local tolerance....................................................................................................... 23 Other toxicity studies .............................................................................................. 24 2.4. Clinical aspects ................................................................................................ 29 2.5. Clinical efficacy ................................................................................................ 38 2.6. Clinical safety .................................................................................................. 63 2.7. Pharmacovigilance............................................................................................ 76 2.8. Benefit-Risk Balance......................................................................................... 81 2.9. Recommendation ............................................................................................. 85 Assessment report Nulojix Page 2/85 List of abbreviations ADR adverse drug reaction AR acute rejection AUC area under the concentration-time curve (over one dosing interval) BMS Bristol-Myers Squibb CAN chronic allograft nephropathy CIT cold ischemia time CKD chronic kidney disease Cmax maximum concentration Cmin trough serum concentration CMV cytomegalovirus CNI calcineurin inhibitor CRF case report form CsA cyclosporine A CTS Collaborative Transplant Study CV cardiovascular CYP450 cytochrome P450 DGF delayed graft function DMC Data Monitoring Committee EBV Epstein Barr virus ECD extended criteria donor ESRD end-stage renal disease GFR glomerular filtration rate HDL high density lipoprotein HLA human leukocyte antigen IL Interleukin ITT intent-to-treat LDL low density lipoprotein LDT lymphocyte depleting therapy LI less intensive (belatacept regimen) MDRD Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (i e Levey formula) MedDRA Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities MI more intensive (belatacept regimen) MMF mycophenolate mofetil MPA mycophenolic acid NKF National Kidney Foundation NODM new onset diabetes mellitus PMA phorbol myristate acetate PML progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy PRA panel reactive antibodies PTLD post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder SCD standard criteria donors SCr serum creatinine SD standard deviation SRL sirolimus TB tuberculosis UNOS United Network of Organ Sharing USRDS United States Renal Data System UTI urinary tract infection Assessment report Nulojix Page 3/85 1. Background information on the procedure 1.1. Submission of the dossier The applicant Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma EEIG submitted on 03 February 2010 an application for Marketing Authorisation to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for NULOJIX, through the centralised procedure falling within the Article 3(1) and point 1 of Annex of Regulation (EC) No 726/2004. The eligibility to the centralised procedure was agreed upon by the EMA/CHMP on 23 April 2009. The applicant applied for the following indication: prophylaxis of graft failure and dysfunction in adult patients receiving a renal transplant. The legal basis for this application refers to: Article 8.3 of Directive 2001/83/EC. The application submitted is composed of administrative information, complete quality data, non- clinical and clinical data based on applicants’ own tests and studies. Information on Paediatric requirements Pursuant to Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006, the application included an EMA Decision P/99/2008 for the following condition: Renal transplantation on the agreement of a paediatric investigation plan (PIP) with a deferral. The PIP is not yet completed. Information relating to orphan market exclusivity Similarity Not applicable. Market Exclusivity Not applicable. Scientific Advice: The applicant received Scientific Advice from the CHMP on 18 February 2005. The Scientific Advice pertained to non-clinical and clinical aspects of the dossier. Licensing status A new application was filed in the following countries: USA The product was not licensed in any country at the time of submission of the application. 1.2. Steps taken for the assessment of the product The Rapporteur and Co-Rapporteur appointed by the CHMP and the evaluation teams were: Assessment report Nulojix Page 4/85 Rapporteur: Dr. Tomas Salmonson (SE) Co-Rapporteur: Dr. Romaldas Mačiulaitis (LT) The application was received by the EMA on 03 February 2010. The procedure started on 24 February 2010. The Rapporteur's first Assessment Report was circulated to all CHMP members on 12 May 2010. The Co-Rapporteur's first Assessment Report was circulated to all CHMP members on 15 May 2010. During the meeting in June 2010, the CHMP agreed on the consolidated List of Questions to be sent to the applicant. The final consolidated List of Questions was sent to the applicant on 24 June 2010. The applicant submitted the responses to the CHMP consolidated List of Questions on 14 December 2010. The summary reports of the GMP inspection carried out at the following sites: BioReliance Corporation, 9900 Blackwell Road, Rockville, Maryland – USA, Bioreliance Corporation - 9630 Medical Center Drive - Rockville, Maryland – USA; Bioreliance Corporation, 14920 Broschart Road, Rockville, MD, USA between 20th – 24th September 2010; and C Beckman Coulter Genomics100 Perimeter Park Drive 27560 Morrisville, NC USA between 30th September – 1st October 2010 were issued on 21 January 2011 and 14 January 2011 respectively. A GCP inspection was carried out at two investigator sites in Argentina (20-24 September 2010 and 27-30 September 2010) in relation to the conduct of the two trials IM103008 and IM 103027. The final integrated inspection report was issued on 25 October 2010. The Rapporteurs circulated the Joint Assessment Report on the applicant’s responses to the List of Questions to all CHMP members on 28 January 2011. During the CHMP meeting on 14-17 February 2011, the CHMP agreed on a list of outstanding issues to be addressed in writing and/or in an oral explanation by the applicant. The applicant submitted the responses to the CHMP List of Outstanding Issues on 14 March 2011. During the meeting in April 2011, the CHMP, in the light of the overall data submitted and the scientific discussion within the Committee, issued a positive opinion for granting a Marketing Authorisation to Nulojix on 14 April 2011. The applicant provided the letter of undertaking on the follow-up measures to be fulfilled post-authorisation on 13 April 2011. 2. Scientific discussion 2.1. Introduction Problem statement End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a global health issue with an incidence that is growing at an annual rate of 8%, outpacing the annual population growth rate of 1.3%. Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for ESRD because it confers improved survival and quality of life over dialysis. After transplantation, recipients require lifelong immunosuppression to suppress the alloimmune response and maintain a functioning graft. Therapeutic advances, such as the calcineurin inhibitors, CNI, (ciclosporin, CsA, and tacrolimus) are the current mainstays of immunosuppressive